DOCSLIB.ORG

Pollen Morphology of Herbaceous Peonies with Different Ploidy Levels

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Pollen Morphology of Herbaceous Peonies with Different Ploidy Levels J. AMER.SOC.HORT.SCI. 141(3):275–284. 2016. Pollen Morphology of Herbaceous Peonies with Different Ploidy Levels Lihong Hao and Hui Ma College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva P.O. Box 7, Miki-cho post office, Ikenobe 3011-2, Kagawa-ken, 761-0799, Japan XiaoNan Yu1 College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China; and Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding, National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Paeonia ABSTRACT. The pollen morphology of 26 cultivars of herbaceous peony (Paeonia L.) was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Pollen grains of the cultivars were mostly subprolate to perprolate, tricolporate, or ellipsoidal in equatorial view, but rounded-trifid in polar view. The poles of pollen grains were mainly flat when viewed in cross-section and only a few appeared to have a circular or arc shape. In addition, the surface of the pollen grains was psilate, and the muri were partly or fully protuberant with a reticulate surface sculpture. However, the shapes and sizes of pollen grains as well as surface ornamentation varied significantly among cultivars with different chromosome numbers. The pollen grains from diploid cultivars were regular and full, and the reticulation holes were evenly distributed, while most of the pollen grains from triploid cultivars were empty flat shells with some heteromorphic pollen whose surface ornamentation was mostly rugulate-reticulate exine. The pollen grains from tetraploid cultivars were the largest although pollen morphology and surface ornamentation differed between Athena and Cream Delight. Six indices [polar axis length (P), equator axis length (E), P/E, pollen perforation diameter (D), ridge width (W), and D/W] were used in Q cluster analysis, which divided the 26 cultivars into three groups. Group I included eight diploid, four triploid, and one tetraploid cultivar. Group II included 12 triploid cultivars with complex genetic backgrounds. Group III included only one tetraploid cultivar Cream Delight. This work may provide an important palynological basis for studying taxonomy and hybrid breeding of herbaceous peony cultivars. Herbaceous peonies, famous ornamental plants of the genus herbaceous peony pollen is thus likely be more stable, and can Paeonia (Paeoniaceae), have more than 1000 years of cultiva- reflect common characteristics of a genus or family and define tion history around the world. Herbaceous peonies are usually plant origin and evolutionary relationships (Zhang et al., 2014). divided into three distinct groups based on their provenance Wang (2006) indicated, in studies of tree peony (Paeonia around the world, the Chinese Peony Cultivar Group [Lactiflora decomposita Hand.-Mazz.) and herbaceous peony (Paeonia Group (LG)], the European Peony Cultivar Group [Officinalis intermedia C.A. Mey.), that pollen sterility is directly related Group (OG)], and the Hybrid Peony Cultivar Group to its size. In the genus Rosa L., Ma and Chen (1991) [Hybrid Group (HG)] (Li, 1999; Qin, 2004). Paeonia lactiflora confirmed the genetic relationship between hybrid offspring Pall. is the parental species of LG, which primarily includes and their parents by comparing pollen exine ornamentation. diploid cultivars (2n =2x = 10). The parents of OG are mainly To date, many researchers have paid more attention to tree Paeonia officinalis L. (2n =4x =20),Paeonia tenuifolia L. (2n = peony than to herbaceous peony. As a result, there is little 2x = 10), and Paeonia anomala L. (2n =2x = 10); whereas the research on the genetic diversity in section Paeonia (Yu et al., parents of HG includes P. officinalis (2n =4x = 20), Paeonia 2012). Xi (1984) observed few differences in the pollen macrophylla (Albov) Lomakin (2n =4x = 20), and Paeonia morphology of nine Paeonia species (Paeonia delavayi coriacea Retz. (2n =4x = 20), among others (Hong et al., 2010). Franch., Paeonia szechuanica Fang., Paeonia mairei H. Lev., As the structure of angiosperm pollen is weakly affected by the Paeonia anomala, P. lactiflora, Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., environment (Salmaki et al., 2008; Walker, 1974) the structure of Paeonia veitchii Lynch., Paeonia obovata Maxim., and Paeonia sinjiangensis K.Y. Pan.) when examined by light microscopy (LM) and SEM. In palynological studies, exine ornamentation Received for publication 28 Dec. 2015. Accepted for publication 1 Mar. 2016. examined by SEM is usually used to identify a species. Guo et al. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Founda- (2005) found a close relationship between P. veitchii, P. obovata, tion of China (31400591) and Co-building Program of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (BLCXY201527). P. sinjiangensis,andP. anomala var. intermedia. Jin et al. (2005) We thank Prof. David Byrne from Texas A&M University for providing helpful found that each of 15 P. lactiflora cultivars showed distinct advice and edits about this paper. pollen morphology when examined with SEM. Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva and Xiaonan Yu planned and devised the Three methods are most frequently used to study pollen experiments. Lihong Hao and Hui Ma analyzed the pollen. All authors developed all drafts of the manuscript, approved it for publication, and take morphology: LM, SEM, and transmission electron microscopy public responsibility for its content. (TEM). TEM is often used to observe the ultrastructure to 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. explore the structure and composition of the pollen wall. For J. AMER.SOC.HORT.SCI. 141(3):275–284. 2016. 275 Table 1. Chromosome number, flower color, blooming date (2013), group, and origin of the 26 herbaceous peony cultivars used in this pollen morphology research. Code Cultivar Ploidyz Flower color Blooming date Group Origin, country A Scarlett O’Hara 2n =2x = 10 Red 31 Apr. Hybrid Glasscock Falk, the United States B Paula Fay 2n =2x = 10 Pink 5 May Hybrid Fay, the United States C Alexander Fleming 2n =2x = 10 Pink 2 May Lactiflora Blonk, The Netherlands D Nippon Beauty 2n =2x = 10 Dark red 10 May Lactiflora Auten, the United States E Sarah Bernhardt 2n =2x = 10 Pink 9 May Lactiflora Lemoine, France F Kansas 2n =2x = 10 Bright red 11 May Lactiflora Bigger, the United States G Charle’s White 2n =2x = 10 White 8 May Lactiflora Klehm the United States H White Wings 2n =2x = 10 White 11 May Lactiflora Hoogendoorn, The Netherlands I Buckeye Belle 2n =3x = 15 Dark red 6 May Hybrid Walter Mains, the United States J Brightness 2n =3x = 15 Brilliant red 15 May Hybrid Glasscock, the United States K Red Red Rose 2n =3x = 15 Red 27 Apr. Hybrid Saunders, the United States L Flame 2n =3x = 15 Coral 28 Apr. Hybrid Glasscock, the United States M Halcyon 2n = 3x = 15 Pure white 11 May Hybrid Saunders, the United States N Apache 2n =3x = 15 Red 20 May Hybrid Wolfe-Bigger, the United States O Nosegay 2n =3x = 15 Rose pink 7 May Hybrid Saunders, the United States P Roselette 2n =3x = 15 Pink 8 May Hybrid Saunders, the United States Q Old Faithful 2n =3x = 15 Dark red 10 May Hybrid Glasscock, the United States R Picotee 2n =3x = 15 White 28 Apr. Hybrid Saunders, the United States S Pink Teacup 2n =3x = 15 Pink 30 Apr. Hybrid Hollingsworth, the United States T Coral ’n Gold 2n =3x = 15 Rose coral 5 May Hybrid Klehm, the United States U Laddie 2n =3x = 15 Bright red 3 May Hybrid Glasscock, the United States V John Harvard 2n =3x = 15 Dark red 4 May Hybrid Auten, the United States W Paladin 2n =3x = 15 Pink 5 May Hybrid Saunders, the United States X Pink Hawaiian Coral 2n =3x = 15 Pink coral 5 May Hybrid Klehm, the United States Y Athena 2n =4x = 20 Ivory 5 May Hybrid Saunders, the United States Z Cream Delight 2n =4x = 20 Cream 10 May Hybrid Reath, the United States zPublished in Ma (2014). example, Tellerıa et al. (2013) and Xu and Ronse de Craene 2010 (Autodesk, San Rafael, CA). Measurements included P, (2013) used TEM to study the ultrastructure of the pollen wall E, P/E, D, W, and D/W. Experimental data were analyzed with in Compositae and Annonaceae, respectively. A limitation of SPSS (version 18.0; IBM, Armonk, NY), and the Duncan’s LM observations is the level of detail in pollen grain surface multiple range test (P < 0.05) was used for mean separation. In sculpture that is discernable. The detail that is available from addition, the partial correlation I between these six indexes was SEM is often required for taxonomic studies (Kodela, 2006). In analyzed. this study, the pollen morphology, including shape, size, and The P · E value represents the size of pollen grains, whereas surface sculpture, of 26 herbaceous peony cultivars with P/E represents pollen shape. If P/E > 2, it is perprolate, and if different ploidy levels were examined to provide a useful 1.14 < P/E < 2, it is subprolate (Wang and Wang, 1983). Pollen palynological basis for studying kinship and taxonomy among characteristics were observed in equatorial view as well as in peonies and to advance hybrid peony breeding. polar view, including pollen shape, the type of perforations and exine ornamentation, which were all based on SEM images. Materials and Methods Descriptive palynological terminology follows that used by Erdtman (1943, 1952, 1969) and Punt et al. (2007). Finally, PLANT MATERIALS. Fresh pollen grains of the 26 cultivars based on the data of six indices (P, E, P/E, D, W, and D/W), cultivated at the experimental farm of the Beijing Forestry Q cluster analysis within SPSS was used to develop a University were collected from mature stamens in Apr. and dendrogram. May 2013 (Table 1). Most of the cultivars introduced from United States were cultivated in Beijing for more than 3 years.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cally Plant List a ACIPHYLLA Horrida
    Cally Plant List A ACIPHYLLA horrida ACONITUM albo-violaceum albiflorum ABELIOPHYLLUM distichum ACONITUM cultivar ABUTILON vitifolium ‘Album’ ACONITUM pubiceps ‘Blue Form’ ACAENA magellanica ACONITUM pubiceps ‘White Form’ ACAENA species ACONITUM ‘Spark’s Variety’ ACAENA microphylla ‘Kupferteppich’ ACONITUM cammarum ‘Bicolor’ ACANTHUS mollis Latifolius ACONITUM cammarum ‘Franz Marc’ ACANTHUS spinosus Spinosissimus ACONITUM lycoctonum vulparia ACANTHUS ‘Summer Beauty’ ACONITUM variegatum ACANTHUS dioscoridis perringii ACONITUM alboviolaceum ACANTHUS dioscoridis ACONITUM lycoctonum neapolitanum ACANTHUS spinosus ACONITUM paniculatum ACANTHUS hungaricus ACONITUM species ex. China (Ron 291) ACANTHUS mollis ‘Long Spike’ ACONITUM japonicum ACANTHUS mollis free-flowering ACONITUM species Ex. Japan ACANTHUS mollis ‘Turkish Form’ ACONITUM episcopale ACANTHUS mollis ‘Hollard’s Gold’ ACONITUM ex. Russia ACANTHUS syriacus ACONITUM carmichaelii ‘Spätlese’ ACER japonicum ‘Aconitifolium’ ACONITUM yezoense ACER palmatum ‘Filigree’ ACONITUM carmichaelii ‘Barker’s Variety’ ACHILLEA grandifolia ACONITUM ‘Newry Blue’ ACHILLEA ptarmica ‘Perry’s White’ ACONITUM napellus ‘Bergfürst’ ACHILLEA clypeolata ACONITUM unciniatum ACIPHYLLA monroi ACONITUM napellus ‘Blue Valley’ ACIPHYLLA squarrosa ACONITUM lycoctonum ‘Russian Yellow’ ACIPHYLLA subflabellata ACONITUM japonicum subcuneatum ACONITUM meta-japonicum ADENOPHORA aurita ACONITUM napellus ‘Carneum’ ADIANTUM aleuticum ‘Japonicum’ ACONITUM arcuatum B&SWJ 774 ADIANTUM aleuticum ‘Miss Sharples’ ACORUS calamus ‘Argenteostriatus’
    [Show full text]
  • AGS Seed List No 69 2020
    Seed list No 69 2020-21 Garden Collected Seed 1001 Abelia floribunda 1057 Agrostemma githago 1002 Abies koreana 1058 Albuca canadensis (L.
    [Show full text]
  • Lin Li 2 , Fang-Yun Cheng 3,4 , and Qi-Xiang Zhang 2
    American Journal of Botany: e16–e18. 2011. AJB Primer Notes & Protocols in the Plant Sciences M ICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR THE CHINESE HERBACEOUS 1 PEONY PAEONIA LACTIFLORA (PAEONIACEAE) Lin Li 2 , Fang-yun Cheng 3,4 , and Qi-xiang Zhang 2 2 National Flower Engineering Research Center, Key Laboratory for the Genetics and Breeding of Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing 100083, China; 3 Landscape Architecture College of Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China • Premise of the study : Microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) primers were developed for the Chinese peony, P. lactifl ora , to investigate the diversity within Chinese peony germplasm resources. • Methods and Results : Using an SSR-enriched genomic library, a set of 10 unique polymorphic genomic SSRs was developed and characterized. The primers amplifi ed 61 alleles in all 10 loci, including di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeats. The primers were also effective for P. veitchii and P. obovata . • Conclusions : The new primers will be useful for genetic research of the Chinese peony and extend the repertoire of SSR markers available to study the herbaceous taxa in Paeonia . Key words: enriched library; microsatellite; Paeonia lactifl ora ; primer. Paeonia (Peoniaceae) includes woody and herbaceous spe- because of its wide ecological adaptation, strong resistance to cies, respectively called Mudan and Shaoyao in China. The stress environments, and the variability in fl ower color and germplasm is important to the fl oral and medicinal industries. form from the offspring of seeds. Therefore, suitable molecular Although herbaceous peonies traditionally have not been as de- markers are greatly needed to identify, assess, conserve, and sirable and popular as endemic tree peonies in China, varieties use the germplasm of P.
    [Show full text]
  • S Crossing Experiments in the Genus Paeonia, with the Object Both of Ob
    CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN PAEONIA I. THE COMPATIBILITY OF THE SPECIES AND THE APPEARANCE OF THE HYBRIDS A. P. SAUNDERS AND G. L. STEBBINS, JR. Hamilton College, Clinton, New York, and University oj California, Berkeley, California Received September 4, 1937 INTRODUCTION INCE 1916, the senior author has carried on an extensive series of S crossing experiments in the genus Paeonia, with the object both of ob- taining new horticultural forms and of securing evidence concerning the interrelationships of the species and the processes of evolution within the genus. Some accounts of the hybrids have already been published (SAUN- DERS 1928, 1933a, 193313). The junior author began cytological work on the species and hybrids in 1932, continuing that started by the late Dr. G. C. HICKS,whose work along with additional data obtained by the junior author has also been published (HICKSand STEBBINS1934). Since that time the cytological as well as the morphological study of the hybrids has progressed steadily, except that it was somewhat interrupted by the departure of the junior author for California in 1935. The following limitations prevent a cytogenetic study of this genus com- parable to that carried on in other genera, such as Crepis, Nicotiana, and Datura. Peony seeds are slow of germination, and the plant takes several years to mature; from the date of hybridization to the season of first blooms is usually a gap of six or seven years. This makes it difficult for one individual to raise many successive generations. An added difficulty is that most interspecific hybrids in Paeonia are completely sterile for at least two or three years after they first begin to bloom; older plants of al- most all the hybrids, when they have established themselves as strong clumps, set occasional seeds, usually not more than one or two to an entire plant.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.534455 B2 Cheng Et Al
    USOO7534455B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 7.534455 B2 Cheng et al. (45) Date of Patent: *May 19, 2009 (54) HERBAL COMPOSITION PHY906 AND ITS (56) References Cited USE IN CHEMOTHERAPY U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS (75) Inventors: Yung-Chi Cheng, Woodbridge, CT 4,618,495 A * 10/1986 Okuda et al. ................ 424,728 (US): Shwu-Huey Liu, Madison, CT 5,595,756 A * 1/1997 Bally et al. ................. 424/450 (US) 5,665,393 A * 9/1997 Chen et al. ........ ... 424/489 6,048,847 A * 4/2000 Ramadoss et al. ........... 514,169 (73) Assignee: Yale University, New Haven, CT (US) 6,630,176 B2 * 10/2003 Li et al. ...................... 424,728 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2003/0180395 A1 9, 2003 Bueter ........................ 424,725 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 376 days. OTHER PUBLICATIONS This patent is Subject to a terminal dis Suzuki et al. Supressor Macrophages: A Role on the Growth of claimer. Transplanted Tumors and Regulation by an Extract of Licorice, Glycyrrhizin; Oncologia (Tokyo), 1987, 20(5), pp. 124-133; one (21) Appl. No.: 11/100,433 page Abstract from STN database only provided.* Raskin et al. Can an Apple a Day Keep the Doctor Away? Current (22) Filed: Apr. 7, 2005 Pharmaceutical Design, 2004, 10, pp. 3419-3429.* H.B. MacPhillamy: Plant Science Bulletin, Apr. 1963, vol. 9, Issue 2. (65) Prior Publication Data pp. 1-15.* US 2005/O196473 A1 Sep. 8, 2005 * cited by examiner Related U.S. Application Data Primary Examiner Patricia Leith (63) Continuation-in-part of application No.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2004
    $WODQWLF5KRGR ZZZ$WODQWLF5KRGRRUJ 9ROXPH1XPEHU 2FWREHU 2FWREHU 3RVLWLRQVRI5HVSRQVLELOLW\ President Penny Gael 826-2440 Director - Social Sandy Brown 683-2615 Vice-President Available Director - R.S.C. Horticulture Audrey Fralic 683-2711 (National) Rep. Sheila Stevenson 479-3740 Director Anitra Laycock 852-2502 Secretary Lyla MacLean 466-449 Newsletter Mary Helleiner 429-0213 Treasurer Chris Hopgood 479-0811 Website Tom Waters 429-3912 Membership Betty MacDonald 852-2779 Library Shirley McIntyre 835-3673 Past President Sheila Stevenson 479-3740 Seed Exchange Sharon Bryson 863-6307 Director - Education Jenny Sandison 624-9013 May - Advance Plant Sale Ken Shannik 422-2413 Director - Communications Mary Helleiner 429-0213 May- Public Plant Sale Duff & Donna Evers 835-2586 0HPEHUVKLS Fees are due on January 1, 2005. Annual dues are $ 15.00 for individuals or families. Make cheques payable to Atlantic Rhododendron and Horticultural Society. Send them to ARHS Membership Secretary, Betty MacDonald, 534 Prospect Bay Road, Prospect Bay, NS B3T1Z8. Please renew your membership now. When renewing, please include your telephone number and e-mail. This information will be used for Society purposes only (co-ordination of potluck suppers and other events) and will be kept strictly confidential. The Website address for the American Rhododendron Society is www.rhododendron.org for those wishing to renew their membership or become new members of the ARS. AtlanticRhodo is the Newsletter of the Atlantic Rhododendron and Horticultural Society. We welcome your comments, suggestions, articles, photos and other material for publication. Send all material to the editor. (GLWRU 0DU\ +HOOHLQHU 0DUOERURXJK $YH Published three times a year. February, May and October.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Spring Distribution
    2020 Spring Distribution The staff, Board, and volunteers of the Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden (RSBG) are pleased to present our latest selection of Rhododendron species and companion plants. We provide the finest and largest selection of documented and verified as true to name clones of Rhododendron species in North America. We also offer a large selection of species grown from seed, the majority of these from wild populations. Seedlings provide an exciting opportunity to acquire taxa new to cultivation. They also provide the collector with the opportunity to grow those desirable species not readily produced through asexual propagation. Our ever-expanding collection of non-rhododendrons or “companion plants” provides the opportunity to acquire an outstanding range of rare and hard to find treasures selected from around the world. Your purchases directly fund the mission of the RSF. In addition to your own selections, don’t forget your neighbors, relatives, and friends - our plants make great and unusual gifts. RSF plants also make great door prizes and auction items at American Rhododendron Society and other garden club meetings. We hope you enjoy the catalog and are happy with the plants you receive. Thank you for your support! Steve Hootman Executive Director & Curator HOW TO ORDER PLANTS: Mail Orders: Please mail your order to RSF, P. O. Box 3798, Federal Way, Washington 98063-3798 USA Fax Orders: You may also fax your order to 253-838-4686 E-mail Orders: You may submit your order via [email protected] but please do not e-mail your credit card information. Call 253-838-4646 to submit your credit card information.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainable Sourcing : Markets for Certified Chinese
    SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS In collaboration with SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS SUSTAINABLE SOURCING: MARKETS FOR CERTIFIED CHINESE MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS Abstract for trade information services ID=43163 2016 SITC-292.4 SUS International Trade Centre (ITC) Sustainable Sourcing: Markets for Certified Chinese Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Geneva: ITC, 2016. xvi, 141 pages (Technical paper) Doc. No. SC-2016-5.E This study on the market potential of sustainably wild-collected botanical ingredients originating from the People’s Republic of China with fair and organic certifications provides an overview of current export trade in both wild-collected and cultivated botanical, algal and fungal ingredients from China, market segments such as the fair trade and organic sectors, and the market trends for certified ingredients. It also investigates which international standards would be the most appropriate and applicable to the special case of China in consideration of its biodiversity conservation efforts in traditional wild collection communities and regions, and includes bibliographical references (pp. 139–140). Descriptors: Medicinal Plants, Spices, Certification, Organic Products, Fair Trade, China, Market Research English For further information on this technical paper, contact Mr. Alexander Kasterine ([email protected]) The International Trade Centre (ITC) is the joint agency of the World Trade Organization and the United Nations. ITC, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland (www.intracen.org) Suggested citation: International Trade Centre (2016). Sustainable Sourcing: Markets for Certified Chinese Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, International Trade Centre, Geneva, Switzerland. This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Documentation of Reticulate Evolution in Peonies (Paeonia) Using
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 92, pp. 6813-6817, July 1995 Evolution Documentation of reticulate evolution in peonies (Paeonia) using internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA: Implications for biogeography and concerted evolution TAO SANG*, DANIEL J. CRAWFORD, AND TOD F. STUESSY Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210-1293 Communicated by Michael T. Clegg, University of California, Riverside, CA, April 17, 1995 ABSTRACT The internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of genus, comprising three sections and -35 diploid (2n = 10) nuclear ribosomal DNA of 33 species of genus Paeonui (Paeo- and tetraploid species of shrubs and perennial herbs, occurs niaceae) were sequenced. In section Paeonia, different pat- widely in disjunct areas of the northern temperate region terns of nucleotide additivity were detected in 14 diploid and (11-13). All the tetraploid species belong to herbaceous sec- tetraploid species at sites that are variable in the other 12 tion Paeonia. The majority of the tetraploids occurring in the species of the section, suggesting that reticulate evolution has Mediterranean region has been suggested as allopolyploids (9, occurred. Phylogenetic relationships of species that do not 10). The origins of the putative allotetraploids, however, show additivity, and thus ostensibly were not derived through remain unknown. The diploid species ofthis section have never hybridization, were reconstructed by parsimony analysis. The been considered to be of hybrid origin. taxa presumably derived through reticulate evolution were In the present study, ITS sequences were used to reconstruct then added to the phylogenetic tree according to additivity the phylogeny of Paeonia. t The sequence data indicate that from putative parents.
    [Show full text]
  • Climatic Refugia and Geographical Isolation Contribute to the Speciation and Genetic Divergence in Himalayan-Hengduan Tree Peoni
    ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 27 January 2021 doi: 10.3389/fgene.2020.595334 Climatic Refugia and Geographical Isolation Contribute to the Speciation and Genetic Divergence in Himalayan-Hengduan Tree Peonies (Paeonia delavayi and Paeonia ludlowii) Yu-Juan Zhao 1,2, Gen-Shen Yin 3, Yue-Zhi Pan 2, Bo Tian 4 and Xun Gong 1,2* 1 Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, China, 2 Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, China, 3 College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming, China, 4 Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China Himalaya and Hengduan Mountains (HHM) is a biodiversity hotspot, and very rich in endemic species. Previous phylogeographical studies proposed different hypotheses Edited by: (vicariance and climate-driven speciation) in explaining diversification and the observed Genlou Sun, pattern of extant biodiversity, but it is likely that taxa are forming in this area in Saint Mary’s University, Canada species-specific ways. Here, we reexplored the phylogenetic relationship and tested Reviewed by: Guifang Zhao, the corresponding hypotheses within Paeonia subsect. Delavayanae composed of Northwest University, China one widespread species (Paeonia delavayi) and the other geographically confined Yong Li, species (Paeonia ludlowii). We gathered genetic variation data at three chloroplast Henan Agricultural University, China DNA fragments and one nuclear gene from 335 individuals of 34 populations *Correspondence: Xun Gong sampled from HHM.
    [Show full text]
  • INDEX SEMINUM 2018 Gothenburg Botanical Garden, Sweden
    INDEX SEMINUM GOTHENBURG BOTANICAL GARDEN SWEDEN 2018 Eryngium maritimum L. INDEX SEMINUM 2018 Gothenburg Botanical Garden, Sweden Seeds from the Index Seminum are not for sale, but are available on an exchange basis exclusively for scientific, educational and nature conservation purposes. Orders can be placed until March 31, 2018. We prefer orders to be posted online, but the desiderata found in the end of this catalogue can also be used and sent by e-mail or mail (reaching us by March 31 at the latest). The orders will be dispatched according to the availability of seeds. Index Seminum online: gotbot.indexseminum.org Contact: [email protected] The seed catalogue • The family classification follows APGIII. • All seeds were collected in 2017. • Indicated provenance is for seeds. • Index of collectors’ initials can be found in the end of the catalogue. The garden • Latitude/longitude: 57.6805/11.9549 • Altitude: 27–120 m a.s.l. • Mean temperature (past 10 years): 9.0 °C (0.6 °C for February, 18.4 °C for July) • Mean annual precipitation (past 10 years): 948 mm Amaryllidaceae 1 Allium acuminatum Coll.no: J.NIL 16-2, USA: Colorado, Elk River Road, Steamboat, Routt Count!. "rov: #arden - $ild ori%in. 2 Allium anceps USA: Nevada. "rov: #arden - $ild ori%in. 3 Allium bisceptrum USA: Nevada, L!on Co. S of Como, 1'() m. "rov: #arden - $ild origin. 4 Allium caesium U*+: S. ,lope of . ramin /t. range, near v. Re0ok,ai on Rd. .okand-1a,23kent, 1()) m. "rov: #arden - $ild ori%in. 5 Allium caesium 'Wijnrode Selektion' "rov: #arden.
    [Show full text]
  • Paeonia Anomala L
    Paeonia anomala L. Identifiants : 22795/paeano Association du Potager de mes/nos Rêves (https://lepotager-demesreves.fr) Fiche réalisée par Patrick Le Ménahèze Dernière modification le 26/09/2021 Classification phylogénétique : Clade : Angiospermes ; Clade : Dicotylédones vraies ; Ordre : Saxifragales ; Famille : Paeoniaceae ; Classification/taxinomie traditionnelle : Règne : Plantae ; Sous-règne : Tracheobionta ; Division : Magnoliophyta ; Classe : Magnoliopsida ; Ordre : Dilleniales ; Famille : Paeoniaceae ; Genre : Paeonia ; Nom(s) anglais, local(aux) et/ou international(aux) : Anomalous peony, Common Peony , Rumeno milje ; Note comestibilité : * Rapport de consommation et comestibilité/consommabilité inférée (partie(s) utilisable(s) et usage(s) alimentaire(s) correspondant(s)) : Parties comestibles : feuilles, racine{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique) | Original : Leaves, Root{{{0(+x) La racine est séchée et cuite avec des aliments protéinés. Les jeunes pousses sont consommées cuites néant, inconnus ou indéterminés. Note médicinale : *** Illustration(s) (photographie(s) et/ou dessin(s)): Autres infos : dont infos de "FOOD PLANTS INTERNATIONAL" : Page 1/2 Distribution : Il pousse à la lisière des forêts et sur les coteaux rocheux. Il fait mieux dans les sols neutres ou alcalins. Il peut pousser au soleil ou à l'ombre légère. Il ne peut pas survivre à l'engorgement ou aux sols extrêmement secs. Il peut tolérer le gel. Il convient aux zones de rusticité 5-9. Au Sichuan et au Yunnan{{{0(+x) (traduction automatique). Original : It grows on the edges of forests and on rocky hillsides. It does best in neutral or alkaline soils. It can grow in sun or light shade. It cannot survive waterlogging or extremely dry soils. It can tolerate frost. It suits hardiness zones 5-9.
    [Show full text]