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4th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON PSYCHOLOGY RESEARCHES (GCPR-2017)

16 – 18 March 2017 Grand Park Lara Convention Center, Lara – Antalya, www.gcpr.info ABSTRACTS BOOK

Sponsors Johns Hopkins University , North Cyprus University of Kyrenia, North Cyprus University of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia Alma Almaty Management University, Kazakhstan Global Journal on Business Economics Management Association for Human, Science, Nature, Education and Technology (AH-TEC)

Organization Association for Human, Science, Nature, Education and Technology Academic World Education and Research Center - A non-profit international organization www.awer-center.org

ORGANIZING COMMITTEE

Organized by Near East University University of Kyrenia Academic World Education and Research Center Association for Human, Science, Natura, Education and Technology

Chair Tulay Bozkurt, Kultur University, Turkey

Co-Chair Nur Demirbaş Çelik, Akdeniz University, Turkey

Program Committee Süleyman Çetin Özoğlu, Near East University, Cyprus Kobus Maree, University of Pretoria, South Africa Steven M. Ross, Johns Hopkins University, USA Emee Vida Estacio, Keele University, UK Jongho Shin, Seoul National University, South Korea Margaret Harris, Oxford Brookes University, UK Marilyn Campbell, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Demet Erol Öngen, Akdeniz University, Turkey Lia Patrício, University of Porto, Portugal Mukaddes Sakallı Demirok, Near East University, Cyprus Melis Seray Özden, Istanbul Kultur University, Turkey Ebru Çakıcı, Near East University, Cyprus Melahat Halat, University of Kyrenia, Cyprus Semih Çalışkan,

Secretariat Beria Gokaydin, Near East University, Cyprus [email protected]

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International Advisory Board

Rui Gomes, University of Minho, Portugal Aldert Vrij, University of Portsmouth, UK André Francisco Pilon, University of São Paulo, Brazil Andrew Day, Deakin University, Australia Andy McKinlay, The University of Edinburgh, UK Anthony L Pillay, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Bea Van den Bergh, Tilburg University, The Netherlands Begoña Montero, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain Biyu J. He, Washington University, China Britt af Klinteberg, Stockholm University, Sweden Conchi San Martín, University of Barcelona, Spain Chris McVittie, Queen Margaret University, Scotland Demet Erol Ongen, Akdeniz University, Turkey Diane Cooper, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, South Africa Diane Sunar, Bilgi University, Turkey Edwin Herazo, Human Behavioral Research Institute, Colombia Elena Lupu, Oil and Gas University, Romania Emee Vida Estacio, Keele University, UK Emel Kuruoglu, Dokuz Eylul University, Turkey Flora Cornish, Glasgow Caledonian University, Scotland Felix Ehrlenspiel, Technical University of Munich, Germany Georg W. Oesterdiekhoff, University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany George Wright, Durham Business School, UK Giuseppe Riva, The Catholic University of Milan, Italy Gill Furze, University of York, UK Gonul Akcamete, Ankara University, Turkey Hayat Boz, Ankara University, Turkey Ivandro Soares Monteiro, Instituto Superior da Maia, Portugal Ian Butler, University of Bath, UK Ileana Rotaru, Eftimie Murgu University, Romania Inge Petersen, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa Jacobus G. Maree, University of Pretoria, South Africa Jesús de la Fuente Arias, University of Almería, Spain Joanna Pawelczyk, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poland Joanne Dickson, University of Liverpool, UK John Fraser, University of New England, UK Juan-José Igartua, University of Salamanca, Spain Jung-Cheol Shini, Seoul National University, South Korea Kamil Özerk, University of Oslo, Norway Kavita Vedhara, University of Nottingham, UK Kinga Morsanyi, University of Plymouth, UK Lawrence T. Lam, The University of Notre Dame, Australia Lesley Fraser, Australian Guidance and Counselling Association, Australia Page| II

Lia Patrício, Univsity of Porto, Portugal Mansour Abdi, Arak University, Iran Malik Amjad, University College of the North, Canada Martin Voracek, University of Vienna, Austria Margaret Harris, Oxford Brookes University, UK Marie P. Wissing, North West University, South Africa Marilyn Campbell, Queensland University of Technology, Australia Mehmet Erdem, University of Nevada, USA Melahat Isinsu Halat, Ministry of Healthy, North Cyprus Michelle Simpson, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, USA Mohamed Yusoff Abbas, University Technology MARA, Malaysia Monica T. G. Ramirez, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Mexico Montserrat Comesaña Vila, University of Minho, Portugal Nebi Sumer, Middle East Technical University, Turkey Oya Hazer, Hacettepe University, Turkey Peter Mitchell, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Malaysia Reinhold Viehoff, Martin Luther University, Germany Mohammad Hossein Yarmohammadian, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran Ruy Jornada Krebs, State University of Santa Catarina, Brazil Selahattin Ogulmus, Ankara University, Turkey Stephen Goss, Univsity of Abertay Dundee, Scotland Stefanie Hoehl, University of Heidelberg, Germany Simonetta Adamo, University of Milan, Italy Sibel Cigdem Guneysu, Baskent University, Turkey Steve Campbell, University of New England, Australia Steve W. J. Kozlowski, Michigan State University, USA Steven M. Rose, John Hopkins University, USA Sue Hawick, New South Wales Australia, Australia Tim Lewis, University of Missouri, USA Tim Melchert, Marquette University, USA Toon W. Taris, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands Turan Temur, Gazi University, Turkey Tuncay Ergene, Yasar University, Turkey Usha Tummala-Narra, Michigan State University, USA Wenche Andersen Helland, University of Bergen & Stord Hospital, Norway

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ABSTRACTS

INTUITION IN MUSIC EDUCATION

Rasa Kirliauskiene, Lithuanian University

Jolanta Abramauskiene, Lithuanian University

Abstract

In this article is analysed the role of intuition in music education. Since success needs insight and quick perception, otherwise called intuition, article aims to reveal, how it is possible to achieve in music teacher’s activity. Also the content of the role of a contemporary music teacher was identified and 5 aspects were distinguished: significance as an educator and as an authority, the importance of teacher’s personality, creativity and value-based aspects. Revealed during the research content of the role of a contemporary music teacher justifies possibilities for intuition in music education and extends its boundaries. Analysis of the research results is meaningful for the improvement of music education. Analysis of scientific literature sources allows to state, that musical communication is based on, first of all, intuitive intonational thinking, thus, appropriate use of music, may efficiently stimulate intuitive thinking, reserves of unknown to us subconsciousness, and through them, those of consciousness and therefore music more than any other kinds of arts facilitates spiritual power, intellect, whereas music education, which is based on music playing, creates favourable conditions for the development of intuition. The research revealed that music teachers frequently act under influence of intuition, change plans when new ideas emerge and get overwhelmed with an impulse of creativity. According to them, manifestations of intuition in music activities are mostly expressed in music creation, listening to music, music playing and musical thinking. The research data identified the content of the role of a music teacher pointing out its 5 aspects: educator (education for humanity: humanity, communication, playing music together); authority (competent specialist: example for school learners, profound knowledge of study subject, universality); importance of teacher’s personality (aspects of teacher’s personality: ability to arouse learners’ interest, ability to be a friend, teacher’s charismatic personality, flexibility); creativity (manifestations of creativity: teacher’s creativity, ability to develop students’ creativity, improvisation, revelation of students’ personality through creative expression) and value-based aspects (enlightener of students’ souls, nurturer of beauty of life, provision of sense to new impressions, expression of emotions). The content of the role of a contemporary music teacher revealed during the research substantiates possibilities of intuition in music education and expands its boundaries.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Rasa Kirliauskiene, Lithuanian University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Comparative study of Resilience, Perceived Social Support and Locus of Control between Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Normal Children

Masha Asad Khan, Chartered University

Abstract

This study compared resilience, perceived social support and locus of control between mothers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and normal children, Lahore, Pakistan. Through purposive sampling data was collected from 200 mothers having ASD (n=100) and normal children (n=100). Ages of children ranged between 3 to 12 years (M=6.63; SD= 2.40). The data of ASD children’s mothers was taken from five different schools of Special children of Lahore whereas, data of normal children’s mothers was collected from five private schools. The comparative group was blocked on age and gender of the child. The Resilience Scale, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Locus of Control Scale and Demographic Questionnaire were administered. Comparative research design was used. Individual testing was carried out. Data was analyzed using Independent sample t test. Results showed significant difference in locus of control score of mothers of children with ASD and normal children but non significant difference in resilience and perceived social support score of mothers of children with ASD and normal children, was found. Further, most of the mothers reported higher external locus of control.

Keywords: Resilience, Perceived Social Support, Locus of Control, Autism Spectrum Disorder.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Masha Asad Khan, Chartered University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Syllable Structure in the Mental Lexicon: A Computational Analysis

Dinesh Kumar Ramoo, Çağ University

Andrew Olson, University of Birmingham

Abstract

Syllables are universal structures in articulation, but current speech production models disagree on whether syllables play a role only during the organisation of phonemes during production or whether they play a more central role. Arguments against having syllables as organising structures within the mental lexicon are that 1) resyllabification, where phonemes move from their lexical syllabic position to another syllable during connected speech (“park.a.long”>“par.ka.long”), and 2) the storage costs of having such information in the lexicon. Levelt et al. (1999) argue for a model of speech production (LRM model) with no stored syllabic information. On the other hand, Dell (1986; 1988) had each phoneme coded for syllable position. Romani et al. (2011) proposed a new model (Lexicon with Syllable Structure or LEWISS) which has the syllable structure organising the phonemes (which are not intrinsically coded for syllable position). Dell (1986; 1988) used conversational speech errors, Levelt et al. (1999) employed chronometric data while Romani et al. (2011) analysed aphasic patients’ speech errors. The current study compared these models from a computational perspective by quantifying the resyllabification rates and storage costs of English, Italian and Hindi. Three speech corpuses were used: Penn Tree Bank (English), CLIPS (Italian) and EMILLE CIIL (Hindi). A program was developed in JavaTM to process each utterance to derive the phonemic form of each word from the language’s respective dictionary. The phonemes were syllabified according to the syllabification rules of each language: first as individual words and then across morpheme/word boundaries. The second analysis quantified the storage requirements of: Dell (which stores phonemes according to syllable position), LRM (which stores the according to serial position and syllabifies during production) and LEWISS (which stores abstract syllable structural information connected to phonemes). The analysis quantified Shannon’s entropy for each stored unit and computed the required storage for a set of monosyllabic words in each language. The results show that English has a higher resyllabification rate (33%) than Italian or Hindi (<1%) and that models that only use post- lexical syllabification (LRM) actually have larger storage costs compared to models that store syllabic information (Dell and LEWISS). While Dell is more efficient in terms of storage, it cannot account for resyllabification (as phonemes are intrinsically coded for syllable positions which cannot be switched post- lexically). The results indicate that lexically stored syllable structure as an organising principle within the mental lexicon might be a valid consideration for future psycholinguistic analysis and experimentation.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Dinesh Kumar Ramoo, Çağ University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS OF DEVIANT BEHAVIOUR SCALE

Shahnila Tariq, University of the Punjab

Rukhsana kausar, University of the Punjab

Abstract

This study is the part of the PhD research. In this study, an indigenous assessment measure was developed to identify the psychosocial risk factors of adolescent deviant behaviour, by using correlational research design, to collect the data. A self-constructed scale was used, which was based on the themes collected from the previous study. The data was collected from 612 male adolescents (age range 13-19 years) from different government schools and colleges. The schools and colleges were selected by using stratified random sampling technique from the list of the government schools and colleges taken from the district education officer (DEO) Lahore, Pakistan. The data was analysed by using Principal Component Analysis(PCA) and reliability analysis to examine the psychometric properties of the scale. Results revealed six factors, including family/socialization/parenting, social, psychological, moral values, biological/developmental and the media. The findings will be helpful in working on these factors in order to reduce the risk factors of developing deviant behaviour in adolescents.

Keywords: psychosocial factors, deviant behaviour, principal component analysis

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Shahnila Tariq, University of the Punjab

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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İHMAL EDİLEBİLİR KAYIP VERİ DURUMUNDA MODEL TABANLI KAYIP VERİ BAŞETME YÖNTEMLERİNİN ŞANS PARAMETRESİNE ETKİSİ

Duygu Koçak, ALAADDİN KEYKÜBÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

Abstract

Eğitim ve psikoloji alanlarına test ölçmek ve test kuramlarının temelinde gözlenen hesaplamak gözlemlenmek (gizil) değişkenlere yönelik çıkarım yapmak yatıyorum. Klasik testava yaygın olarak kullanılan alanına sahip olmasına rağmen önemli dezavantajları içerir. Eleştirilen yönleri biridir. Bir parametre olan şansların başarısızlığı (parametresi) gruptan ve madde örnekleminden bağımsızdır ve sabittir. Tepki Kuramı'nda, bireyin ölçümü, özelliğe sahip olma, düzeyi ile yanıtları arasındaki ilişki, matematiksel bir işlevle açıklanmaktadır. Bireylerin yeteneklerini teste bağlı kalmadan aracın yola çıkarak kestirebilen MTK'da şanta ait parametresi de gruptan bağımsız olarak özel olarak hesaplıyor. Ancak testlerle ölçülmeye çalışılan özellik ve ölçütlere ve test parametreleri için kestirebilmek için bireylerin kendilerini testeye yöneltilen maddelerele yanıt verme ned. Bu bağlamda yanıtlayıcıların kendilerine yöneltilen maddeleri herhangi bir nedenle cevaplamaktan kaçınması, boş bırakması ya da atlanması, diğer bir deyişle kayıp veri ortaya çıkması, aslında bu tür bir çıkarımı yapılabilmenin önündeki en önemli engeldir. Veri setinde kayıp veri. Araştırmalarda önüne geçilemez bir sorundur. Bu nedenle çok fazla kayıp veri baş etme şek geliştirilmiştir. Bu veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi, veri kümesi. Araştırmada, model temelli, kayıp veri başlama yöntemleri için geçerli kılmak maksimizasyon algoritması ve çoklu veri atama yöntemlerinin tek boyutlu maddesi Tepki Kuramı üç parametreli lojistik modelinde şanslar (c) parametresine etkileşim yapay veri setleri için ortaya çıkmayı amaçlayan temel araştırma niteliğindedir. Üretken eksiksiz kanıt veri setlerinde kayıp veri mekanizmalarına uygun ve istikrarlı bir şekilde üretilebilir. (R Develoment Core Team, 2011). Rota alanına alan {ltm} paketinden yararlanılmıştır. Veriler, MTK tek boyutlu lojistik modellerinden 3 adet Parametreli Lojistik Model temel alınarak üretilmiştir. Örneklem büyüklüğü 500, 1000 ve 3000, yanıt kategorisi (2-0 puanlama). ÜretilengelDE Tamamen Rastgele Kayıp (TRK), Rastgele Kayıp (RK) mekanizmalarını sağlanacak şekilde% 2,% 5 ve% 10 oranlarında oluşturulmuştur. TRK mekanizması için herhangi bir değişkene bağlı olmadan örneklenemezsin büyüklüğünde belirlenen oranlarda gözenek silinmiştir. RK mekanizması için ön tanımlı veri setine üç boyutlu sıralama ölçeği düzeyinde bir başka değişken rastgele olarak tanımlanmıştır. Oluşturulan düzeylerden farklı oranlarında kayıp veri oluşturulmuştur. Çoklu Atama (ÇA) ve Beklenti Maksimizasyon Algoritması ile Atama (BMA) yöntemleri arasında tekrar tamamlanmıştır. Ardından tamamlanmış veri setleri yeniden analiz edilerek şans parametresi belirlendi ve eksiksiz veri setinde değerler referans alınarak yorumlanmıştır.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Duygu Koçak, ALANYA ALAADDİN KEYKÜBÜ ÜNİVERSİTESİ

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Phonological Loop and Central Executive in Hypothyroidism

Vatsal Priyadarshi Pandey, Banaras Hindu University

Abstract

Studies have shown that hypothyroidism causes impairment in working memory however, there seems to be a dearth of literature on the specific components of working memory that seems to be affected in hypothyroidism. The current study assessed phonological loop and central executive component of working in hypothyroid patients. The study comprised of 11 hypothyroid patient with an age of 18 to 49 (10 females and 1 male) and 8 healthy subjects that were matched on age and education. Phonological loop was assessed using digit span forward and backward while the central executive was assessed using N-back 2 task. During the N- back Task the stimulus was presented orally and visually. Results showed non-significant difference between hypothyroid patients and healthy controls on phonological loop measures. On the measure of central executive significant difference was found between healthy controls and hypothyroid patients. It was concluded that hypothyroidism seems to affect working memory in a more specific way by affecting central executive component only. Further research is needed to examine the effect of specific working memory deficit on everyday life of a hypothyroid patient and response to the levothyroxine replacement.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Vatsal Priyadarshi Pandey, Banaras Hindu University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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The Effect of Violent Video Games on Cognition

Nur BAYKAL, Bahcesehir University

Metehan Irak, Bahcesehir University

Abstract

The differential effects of playing violent video games on cognition have become an issue of concern. Neuropsychological studies provided inconsistent results in terms of effects of playing excessive video games on information processing. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of violent video games on different cognitive processes, namely; working memory, object recognition and visual-spatial perception. The relationships between violent video game addiction and aggression, personality, empathy were also investigated. The study was conducted with 54 university students. Participants were classified into three different groups (addicted, risk and control) according to the amount of time they spent for game playing and game addiction scale. In addition to demographic information form, Buss-Perry Aggression Scale, Weiss Craving Scale, the short-form Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Game Urging Scale were administered. Besides, participants’ working memory, object recognition and visual-spatial perception were measured. The results revealed that people who play violent video games have higher scores on aggression, craving, urging and psychoticism than people who do not play. Also, there are significant differences in terms of object recognition and visual spatial tasks performances. Game addicted group’s reaction time was significantly faster than risk groups and non-players. Similar to previous results violent game playing is related with aggressive thoughts, craving, and urging, violent game addiction does not have negative effect on working memory, object recognition and visual-spatial perception. These findings were discussed under the light of relevant literature and future directions for research and clinical practice were recommended.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Nur BAYKAL, Bahcesehir University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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TURKISH ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF SPIELBERGER’S STATE ANGER SUBSCALE

Tuba Kalay, Biruni University

İlke Sine Eğeci, Bahçeşehir University

Serap Özer,

Abstract

The problem of the lack of psychometrically well-developed anger scales in Turkey for the clinical assessment unearths the necessity of developing an adaptation of a scale, which assesses anger at a specific time. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the State Anger Subscale of Spielberger’s State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). The sample consisted of undergraduate students aged 18 to 31 years (M=21.1, SD=2.3). The reliability and validity of the State Anger Subscale were addressed by examining the internal consistency, factor analytic structure, and concurrent and construct validity. Supporting the validity of the scale, one factor structure underlying the original form was replicated. In order to investigate concurrent validity of the scale, Novaco Anger Scale was used and similar to the previous studies, a statistically significant relation between the two scales was detected. In order to investigate construct validity of the scale, an imagery anger-inducing task was given to 60 undergraduate students (for the experimental group, 15; for the control group, 15). A significant difference between experimental and control group was found. Depending on these findings, the State Anger Subscale provided to be a reliable and valid assessment tool for future research and for clinical practice. For future studies, it can be recommended to explore the factor structure of the complete Turkish State Trait Anger Expression Inventory.

Key words: State Anger, Anger Expression, Adaptation, STAXI, Emotions

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Tuba Kalay, Biruni University

E-Mail Address: [email protected] Page| - 8 -

Parents’ Beliefs About Children’s Emotions Questionnaire (PBACE): Adaptation to Turkish, Validity and Reliability Study

Ayşe Elif IŞIK USLU, Hacettepe University

Figen TURAN, Hacettepe University

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to adapt and provide validity and reliability of “Parents’ Beliefs About Children’s Emotions Questionnaire (PBACE) which is developed by Halberstadt et al (2013). 250 mothers who have 4 to 6 years old children attending a preschool were participated in the study. The results of the validity study were obtained by content validy and structure validy (confirmatory factor analyses-CFA). First and second order confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in CFA process. Fit indexes which were used in the study are chi- square goodness (x2), RMSEA, CFI and IFI. The x2/fd fit index that obtained by chi-square fit index dividing into the degrees of freedom was found to be perfect fit and the fit indexes of RMSEA, CFI and IFI were found to be acceptable fit. As a result of first order CFA, it is determined that the regression coefficients and t-scores are significant and the model is verificated. In the model that shows factorial structure of the scale, the coefficients that indicate the relationship between observed variables and factors are sufficient. It is decided that the structure of the scale which is designated before is generally fit with the gathered data when the CFA fit statistics are considered. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient is calculated to obtain the reliability results of the scale. The reliability coefficients of the sub-scales are calculated as follows: for cost of positivity .71, for value of anger .75, for manipulation .70, for control .79, for parental knowledge .68, for autonomy .78 and for stability .70.

Key words: emotion socialization, beliefs about emotions, confirmatory factor analysis

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Ayşe Elif IŞIK USLU, Hacettepe University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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BORDERLİNE KİŞİLİK BOZUKLUĞUNDA DEPRESİF SEMPTOM VE ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI TRAVMALARININ DÜRTÜSELLİK, KENDİNE ZARAR VERME VE İNTİHAR DAVRANIŞLARI ÜZERİNDEKİ YORDAYICI ETKİSİ

Pervin Tunç, İstanbul Arel University

Doğan Şahin, İstanbul Arel University

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, Borderline Kişilik Bozukluğu (BKB) tanılı ve BKB tanılı olmayan (kontrol) gruplarda depresif semptom ve çocukluk çağı travmalarının, dürtüsellik, kendine zarar verme ve intihar davranışları üzerindeki yordayıcı rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, İ.Ü. İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi ve Erenköy Ruh ve Sinir Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Psikiyatri Servisinde takipleri devam eden BKB tanılı olgu grubu (n1=72) ve sağlıklı gönüllülerden oluşan kontrol grubu (n2=71) oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin toplanmasında, Demografik Bilgi Formu, Borderline Kişilik Envanteri (BKE), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Hamilton Depresyon Skalası (HAM-D), Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği (BIS-11), Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği (ÇÇTÖ), Kendine Zarar Verme Davranışı Değerlendirme Envanteri (KZVDDE) ve İntihar Davranışı Ölçeği (İDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Gruplar arası farklılıkların değerlendirilmesinde bağımsız örneklemler için tTesti kullanılmıştır. Değişkenler arası ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesi için ise Pearson korelasyon katsayısı ve çoklu doğrusal hiyerarşik regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarında, BKB tanılı grupta, çocukluk çağında duygusal istismara maruz kalma ve depresif semptomlar (Beck Depresyon Ölçeği) düzeyi arttıkça dürtüsel davranışların da arttığı saptanmıştır. Yine BKB grubunda, çocukluk çağında duygusal istismara maruz kalma düzeyi arttıkça kendine zarar verme davranışının da arttığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca BKB grubunda, çocukluk çağında cinsel istismara maruz kalma düzeyi ve depresif semptomlar (Beck Depresyon Ölçeği) arttıkça intihar davranışının da arttığı saptanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular ilgili vii literatür çerçevesinde tartışılarak araştırmacılara ve klinisyenlere önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Sözcükler: Borderline Kişilik Bozukluğu, depresif semptom, çocukluk çağı travması, dürtüsellik, kendine zarar verme davranışı, intihar davranışı

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Pervin Tunç, İstanbul Arel University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Teacher Candidates' Opinions Regarding Instructional and Safe Use of Social Networks and Internet Addiction Risk Levels

Fezile Özdamlı, Near East University

Abstract

In conjunction with the development and advancement of internet technologies, social networking sites have created a socialization environment. Instructors point out that these tools must be used as an active and different form of communication with students. Also, participation of the students through social networking sites should be encouraged. However, the risk of internet addiction has also become widespread on the increase use of social networks. The aim of this research is to “determine the opinions of teacher candidates on the use of social networking sites in education and internet addiction risk levels”. General survey model was used in this research in order to determine the opinions regarding social networks of teacher candidates (n=1140) from the education faculties in Turkish Republic of and figure out their internet addiction risk levels. “Use of Social Networks in Education Scale” developed by Ozturk and Akgun and “Internet Addiction Test” developed by Young were used in this research. According to the results of the study, it has been figured out that almost all of the teacher candidates think that sharing information through social networking sites is either partially safe or not safe. Besides, most of the teacher candidates feel anxious about keeping information as confidential. Another important result is that teacher candidates are internet users at an average level. It also shows that they might spend too much time on the internet however they use internet in a controlled manner.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Fezile Özdamlı, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Content Analysis of Gender Stereotypes Representations in Children’s Literature

İpek Danju, Near East University

Huseyin Uzunboylu, Near East University

Abstract

This paper explores that gender representations researches in children’s literature. The main aim of this study was carried out in order to guide the researchers in the field of gender stereotypes representations. The present study focuses on current literature about gender representations on children’s school textbooks and storybooks. Content analyses methodology was used for documentary screening. The Taylor and Francis Group (Routledge) and ERIC databases used for collecting articles about the subject of gender role representations. The researcher has reached 420 articles from known two databases. The purpose of the study those found articles examined on the issue of contents were commonly researched, commonly used methodologies, data collection tools and data analysis methods in children’s gender role representations in the literature. Results regarding the most used content it’s found out gender differences in education textbooks, gender representations images in storybooks, in educational software for young children. It also found out that most common methodology used quantitative, as data collection tools interview and survey used and as data obtained from the articles were analysed using descriptive statistics. ıt is suggested that the storybooks and textbooks authors should writes educational materials without bias according to female and male gender role representations.

Keywords: Child Development; Child Literacy; Content Analysis; Gender Stereotypes; Social Development.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: İpek Danju, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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The Effect of the Virtual Laboratory on Students’ Attitude towards the Physics Lab Course

Gülsüm Aşıksoy, Near East University

Didem İşlek, Near East University

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of virtual physics laboratory instruction in physics attitudes of students. It also aims to determine the views of students’ on virtual laboratory. The study involved 42 students who was divided into two groups (21 experimental, 21 control). Students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. In the research, the pre-test and post-test control group design was used. The experimental group used the virtual laboratory. On the other hand the control group used traditional laboratory. The research data were obtained via the “physics laboratory attitude scale” and semi-structured interviews. The result of this study carried out that virtual laboratory applications made positive effects on students’ attitudes. In addition, semi-structured interviews were found out that they had positive opinions regarding the virtual physics laboratory.

Keywords: virtual laboratory, physics laboratory, physics, attitude

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Gülsüm Aşıksoy, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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How do test anxiety, study habits, locus of control and year of study affect the academic performance of university students?

Funda GEZER FASLI, Near East University

Abstract

Test anxiety is one of the most contentious assessment-related psychological terms and apparently it has an important role in one’s educational as well as emotional life. In this case, it is not surprising that where tests and exams take place, there anxiety emerges. The present research, specifically, is designed to investigate how the joint interactions of test anxiety, study habits, locus of control and year of study determine the academic performance of African oriented university students who are learning Turkish as a foreign language. Data for the research were collected through three different adapted version of questionnaires. The questionnaires were completed by the sample group who were drawn randomly among the African oriented students. The findings of the research are discussed in accordance with the existing literature.

Keywords: Test anxiety; study habits; locus of control; academic performance

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Funda GEZER FASLI, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Co-location Errors in Schemas: Constructed Utilizing Mental Representations

Fatma Baysen, Near East University

Engin Baysen, Near East University

Abstract

The current research study aimed to reveal how students, grade 5- university (N=933), build their conceptions by open-ended questions, interviews, and observations concerning the concept free-fall. Students created their free-fall phenomenon in their schemes concentrating on a superficial characteristic of heaviness context. Students’ ‘heaviness schema’ encapsulated a collection of different knowledge; co-locate in the schema as mental representations based on daily experiences. Students constructed their schema and used this schema spontaneously and consistently when needed not considering the specific problem in detail. Co-location errors are common among students and concluding with misconceptions. Few students those who gave correct responses kept their conceptions as isolated facts.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Fatma Baysen, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Self-immunization in adolescence and early adulthood in Turkey

Hale Nur Kılıç, University

Regine Mößle,

Abstract

People should have the capacity to adapt to the changes in their environment as well as to maintain the stability of their self-concept (Greve, 2000). They usually experience a dilemma between “to adapt” and “to maintain the stability” (Greve & Leipold, 2012). To deal with this dilemma, people use some defense mechanisms, one of which is self-immunization process. This process is an instrument that integrates both adaptation to reality and stabilization of the self. In other words, immunization is achieved by changing the subjective operationalization of the general aspect of self-concept adaptively. If people believe that they are good at such skills, these are considered as highly diagnostic. On the other hand, if they believe they do not have such skills, these skills are considered as less diagnostic (Greve & Wentura, 2003; Greve et al., 2009). In the light of the literature, the purpose of this study is to examine self-immunization process among participants in Turkey with regard to concept of honor and self-worth. The study, which was developed within the framework of the master thesis at the University of Hildesheim, was conducted with 291 people between the ages of 14-28 (M=21.41, SD=3.15). In addition, the current study focused on development of self-immunization within the concept of both self-worth and honor. Participants were surveyed for a number of properties about the concept of self-worth (courage, intelligence, modesty, self-confidence, honesty, achievement etc.) and honor. The results showed that processes of self-immunization occur in concept of self-worth (M=0.54, SD=0.49, T = 20.35, p <.01) and honor (M=0.81, SD=0.51, T=37.71, p <.01). In addition, the correlation between two self-immunization processes was significant (r = 0.20, p <.01). The results indicated that adults and adolescences in Turkey have a high tendency for the immunizing the self with regard to self-worth and honor. For the future studies, it is recommended to focus on cultural differences and to investigate different areas for measuring self-immunization.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Hale Nur Kılıç, Marmara University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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ASSESSMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION NEEDS TEACHERS’ MENTAL HEALTH BASED ON DIFFERENT VARIABLES

Cahit Nuri, Near East University

Abstract

This study aims to assess psychologies of special education needs teachers who working at special education needs institutions based on different variables, such as; gender, educational level and properties of students. A total number of 67 special education needs teachers currently working in North Cyprus participated in this study. Data were collected with SCL 90 which was developed by Richels and Rock (1976). T-test and ANOVA were applied for data analysis. Results have been showed that marital status has a significant role in influencing on psychological symptoms (p<.05). It was revealed that anxiety, phobia, psychoticism and hostility scores of single teachers were significantly higher than the scores of married teachers. In addition, a significant influence was observed working years on psychological symptoms. However, there is not any influence was determined educational level on psychological symptoms of special education needs teachers (p<.05). Significant differences have been determined between special education teachers who works with ASD disorder and special education teachers who works with students with a mental disorder. It was revealed that special education needs teachers working with ASD disorder had significantly higher scores on psychological symptoms when compared to special education needs teachers working with students with a mental disorder. Obtained results were discussed based on relevant literature and recommendations were also provided.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Cahit Nuri, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Psychometric Properties of Revised Form of Dyadic Adjustment Scale in a sample from North Cyprus

Hüseyin Turan BAYRAKTAROĞLU, Near East University

Abstract

Goal of the study: The goal of this study is to determine psychometric properties of Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) among a sample from North Cyprus. Method: RDAS was applied to 279 (217 female, 62 male) married individuals, graduated at least from elementary school and working at different workplaces in Lefkoşa. RDAS is the final form of Dyadic Adjustment Scale developed by Spanier (1976) and revised by Busby et. al. (1995) and was adapted to Turkish by Gündoğdu (2007). RDAS is a five point Likert scale. Marital Problem Solving Scale (MPSS) and Communication subscale of Dyadic Relations Scale (DRS) were used for criterion related validity. Exploratory factor analysis was applied to test structure validity. The reliability of the scale was measured with Cronbach Alpha coefficient and item-total correlation coefficients. Results: Significant moderate positive correlation (r=.637 and r=.552) was found between RDAS and the other two scales used for criterion related validity. The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that 56.98% of the total variance of the scale was determined by three factors. The original scale also had three factors but the grouping of the items was different. The consensus dimension of the original scale remained the same, but the items of satisfaction and cohesion dimensions of the original scale grouped under two different groups. When the common features of the new item groups were considered, they were named as satisfaction and conflict. Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient for reliability of the scale was between .74-.87 for the original and adaptation studies and it was between .73-.82 for the scale and its subscales at the current study. The corrected item-total correlations were between .380-.711. Conclusion: When the results are considered as a whole, Turkish version of Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale is found to be a valid and reliable instrument.

Key Words: Marriage, dyadic adjustment, marital adjustment, marital satisfaction, North Cyprus, validity and reliability

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Hüseyin Turan BAYRAKTAROĞLU, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Academic well-being and life satisfaction of Polish students: A pilot study

DOMINIKA ANNA JEDRZEJEWSKA AKBAS, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

Abstract

A pilot study, employing Perception of the Situation of Students Questionnaire (PSSQ) on 103 participants, was conducted in November 2016 at The John Paul II Catholic University in Lublin, Poland, focusing effect of certain characteristics such as sex, marital status, region of origin, age and field of study. The statistical analysis of the data revealed that four factors, namely; the value of family, a feeling of self-determination and autonomy, stability and value of social environment, have significant effect on the subject matter. The study gives an overview about how students see themselves in their environment and the values which guide them in their daily life.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: DOMINIKA ANNA JEDRZEJEWSKA AKBAS, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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“Troubling Love” by Ferrante: Killing Mother For Keeping Her Love

Hayriyem Zeynep Altan, Nişantaşı University

Abstract

“Troubling Love” by Elena Ferrante (1992), seems that it is a kind of detective novel but in fact the main subject is about a dark mirror holding over a woman’s ontological existence. The troubling love reflecting from this mirror is whose love to whom? This study aims to answer this question. Delia, the main character in the novel, who is trying to lighten up the mysterious death of her mother, has to do a journey in past. According to the psychoanalytical theory; the prerequisite of understanding an individual’s identity is, researching on childness process. In this regard, this novel describes the history of this traveling which is done after a lost, dead mother. Then we understand that; there is a conflict between these two images: The "image of Amalia" erected by Child Delia and the "Amalia image" discovered by Mature Delia who is in her forties now. How shoud we read this difference? When we focus on the language, the repeated images, metaphors and especially the indicators of violence in the narrative; it is clear that the “mother image” as a and the “relationsip” between mother and daughter as a symbiotic tie have to be quested and psychoanalysis is the most available method for this study. Especially the theory of “Object Relations” formed by Melanie Klein and D. W. Winnicott’s theory named as “Playing and Reality” are functional in analyzing this text. When the narrative forced the reader or the researcher to face with Delia’s childhood fantasies, the darkness of the mother’s death (the veil of mystery) falls behind the symbolic death of Amalia. So that, Delia has to investigate her own identity. After she did a comparison of fantasy and reality in her mind, she finds out that the death of her mother can’t be identified as a singular event but more than that, it is a process which contains contributions of many people in the family. Especially there is a symbolic parallelism between Amalia’s death and Delia’s birth. Ferrante gives the related clues in the first sentence of the book. Troubling Love seems to caharacterise the deviant passion of Caserta to Amalia but according to the arguments of this study; the focus of the narration is the Delia’s “evious love” to her mother. When Delia discovers this fact, the researcher also faces with the hidden problem: The femininity was built by society without woman’s contribution and despite woman.

Key Words: Troubling Love, Envy, Femininity, Psychoanalysis, M.Klein

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Hayriyem Zeynep Altan, Nişantaşı University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Do Early İntelligent Scores Predict Long-Term Academic Achievement: A Quadrennial Longitudinal Study

Derya Atalan Ergin, Near East University

Cemre Erten Tatlı, Near East University

Abstract

The Purpose of the Study: Different approaches are used to assess academic achievement and intelligence in the world. In Turkey, academic achievement is usually evaluated by multiple choice questions at national level. Intelligence, which seems to be related to academic achievement, is basically evaluated in two methods: verbal and non verbal tools. In this study, establishing a linear regression model that explain academic achievement in terms of assessing academic achievement and intelligence is aimed. Method:In this study, a longitudinal pattern is designed by using 85 students’ (ngirls=41 ,nboys=44) scores of Culture Fair Intelligence Test (nonverbal-evaluated in 5th grade), Primary Mental Abilities Ages (verbal-evaluated in 7th grade) and Transition From Basic To Secondary Education (evaluated in 8th grade). Findings and Conclusion:Findings show that there is not a relation between Transition From Basic To Secondary Education scores and Culture Fair Intelligence Test scores, on the other hand, there is positively meaningful relation between Primary Mental Abilities Ages and Transition From Basic To Secondary Education scores. In established regression model, the scores of Primary Mental Abilities Ages is seemed to explain the %14 of the variance. This finding is thought to prove that Transition From Basic To Secondary Education is based on the skill of reading comprehension rather than reasoning.

Keywords: intelligent, academic achivement, longitudinal study, Transition From Basic To Secondary Education

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Derya Atalan Ergin, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Acquisition of Sibling and Family Concepts: A Piagetian Study

Cemre Erten Tatlı, Near East University

Derya Atalan Ergin, Near East University

Abstract

The Purpose of the Study: According to Piaget, reasoning which include relative concept, is the main factor of intelligence. These concepts are affected by some factors such as; age, individual features and culture. In Turkey the studies regarding the acqusition of relative concepts are quite limited. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the acqusition of sibling and family concepts of children of ages 9 and 11 in regard to gender, age and socio-economic status variables. Method: In the study, “Siblings Test” developed by Piaget is used as an assessment tool. Besides, the definitions of “sibling” and “family” concepts of the participating group are evaluated as qualitative data. A total of 200 (ngirls =114, nboys= 86) students of 3rd graders (ngirls = 56, nboys= 46) and 5th graders (ngirls= 58, nboys= 40) form the participating group of the study. The findings obtained from the quantitative and qualitative data were evaluated according to age, gender and socio- economic status varibles. Findings and Results: The relative concepts are acquired in Piaget’s suggested time and systematic in children of ages 9 - 11 in medium and high socio-economic status. However, it is below the expected acqusition in low socio-economic status in both age groups. This finding indicates that relative concepts are affected by culture and socio-economic status. A similar difference exists in children’s acqusition of family concepts and underperformance in the acquisiton of family concepts exists in low socio-economic status children.

Keywords: Piaget, relative concepts, socio-economic status, sibling, family.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Cemre Erten Tatlı, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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CİNSİYET VE YAŞ GRUPLARINA GÖRE ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN İYİLİK HALİ

Nur Demirbas, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi

Fidan Korkut Owen, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi

Türkan Doğan, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi

Abstract

İyilik hali, pek çok tanımda Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün işaret ettiği gibi fiziksel, bilişsel ve sosyal tüm alanlarda çok boyutlu bir iyi-oluş hali olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu temel tanımdan yola çıkarak Korkut-Owen ve Owen (2012) tarafından geliştirilen İyilik Hali Yıldızı Modeli kişinin yaşamındaki beş boyutlu iyilik halinden söz etmektedir. Bu yıldız yaşamı anlamlandırma, bilişsel, duygusal, fiziksel ve sosyal boyutlardan oluşturmaktadır. Bu modele dayanarak (Korkut-Owen, Doğan, Demirbaş-Çelik ve Owen, 2016) İyilik Hali Yıldızı Ölçeği (İHYÖ) adlı bir ölçek de geliştirilmişlerdir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin iyilik hallerinin cinsiyet ve yaşlarına göre değişip değişmediğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla İHYÖ ve öğrencilerin yaş ile cinsiyet bilgilerini içeren kişisel bilgi formu 145 üniversite öğrencisine uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri online veri toplama yolu olan Kwiksurvey sisteminden yararlanılarak toplanmıştır. Katılımcıların 111’i (% 76.4) kadın, 34’ü (% 24.6) erkektir. Yaş açısından bakıldığında katılımcılardan 35 kişinin 17-22 yaş aralığında (% 24.1), 95 kişinin (% 65.5) 23-28 yaş aralığında ve 15 kişinin (% 10.3) 29 yaş ve üstü olduğu belirlenmiştir. Homojenlik testi için Levene, normallik testi için Skewness ve Kurtosis testlerinden yararlanılmış verilerin normal ve homojen dağıldığı saptanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre cinsiyetler arasında iyilik hali toplam puan açısından anlamlı fark bulunmaktadır. Puanlara bakıldığında erkeklerin iyilik hali puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Alt puanlar incelendiğinde cinsiyetler arasında sadece fiziksel boyutta erkekler lehine fark bulunmuştur. Analizler sonucu farklı yaş gruplarının İHYÖ’den aldıkları toplam puanlar arasında birinci yaş grubu ile ikinci yaş grubu arasında ve birinci yaş grubu ile üçüncü yaş grubu arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Ortalamalara bakıldığında yaş arttıkça iyilik halinden alınan puanların düştüğü görülmektedir. Alt boyutlar açısından bakıldığında ise sadece yaşamı anlamlandırma ve hedef odaklı olma alt boyutunda farklı yaş grupları arasında anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Bu farkın birinci yaş grubu ile ikinci yaş grubu arasında ve birinci yaş grubu ile üçüncü yaş grubu arasında olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Ortalamalar incelendiğinde yaş arttıkça yaşamı anlamlandırma ve hedef odaklı olma puanında düşme olduğu görülmektedir. Bulgular alanyazın ışığında tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Nur Demirbas, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Do Early Intelligent Scores Predict Long-term Academic Achievement: A Quadrennial Longitudinal Study

Cemre ERTEN TATLI, Near East University

Derya ATALAN ERGİN, Near East University

Abstract

The Purpose of the Study: Different approaches are used to assess academic achievement and intelligence in the world. In Turkey, academic achievement is usually evaluated by multiple choice questions at national level. Intelligence, which seems to be related to academic achievement, is basically evaluated in two methods: verbal and non verbal tools. In this study, establishing a linear regression model that explain academic achievement in terms of assessing academic achievement and intelligence is aimed. Method:In this study, a longitudinal pattern is designed by using 85 students’ (ngirls=41 ,nboys=44) scores of Culture Fair Intelligence Test (nonverbal-evaluated in 5th grade), Primary Mental Abilities Ages (verbal-evaluated in 7th grade) and Transition From Basic To Secondary Education (evaluated in 8th grade). Findings and Conclusion:Findings show that there is not a relation between Transition From Basic To Secondary Education scores and Culture Fair Intelligence Test scores, on the other hand, there is positively meaningful relation between Primary Mental Abilities Ages and Transition From Basic To Secondary Education scores. In established regression model, the scores of Primary Mental Abilities Ages is seemed to explain the %14 of the variance. This finding is thought to prove that Transition From Basic To Secondary Education is based on the skill of reading comprehension rather than reasoning.

Keywords: intelligent, academic achivement, longitudinal study, Transition From Basic To Secondary Education

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Cemre ERTEN TATLI, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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THE PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUG USE AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TURKISH REPUBLIC OF NORTHERN CYPRUS, 2015

Mehmet cakici, Near East University

Ebru cakici, Near East University

İpek ozsoy, Near East University

Utku beyazit, Near East University

Meryem karaaziz, Near East University

Sevil hançerli, Near East University

Abstract

Objective: This study is a follow-up study of the study that was conducted in 1999. By the light of the recent results, this study’s aim is to investigate prevalance of cigarette, alcohol and other psychoactive substances use and to see the changes of ratios compared to previous years also to investigate the risk factors among secondary school students in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Methods: This study was conducted in March 2015, among 1487 secondary school students from state schools and private schools in TRNC. The questionnaire form contains questions about socio-demographic characteristics, and questiontions about cigarette, alcohol and other psychoactive substances. The questionnaire of the study was based on questions from the European Schools Research Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD), similar with recent school- based studies in TRNC. Result: In this study it was found that, lifetime prevalence at least once of smoking 8.9%, alcohol use 36.3%, other pscychoactive drugs (OPD) 5.5%, illegal substances 3.9%. It was also found that lifetime prevalance of extacy use is 0.9%, cannabis 0.9% and senthetic cannabinoid 0.8%. Most commonly used drugs among OPD were benzodiazepin (2.1%), volitile substances (1.6%) and pills with alcohol (2.2%). Prevalence of using cocaine, heroin, amphetamine, LSD, extacy and anobolisan steroid were between 0.5-0.9%. Most commonly reason of using OPD were entertainment, curiosity and irritability. It was seen that first OPD use was decreased to the age of 11 and below. Smoking, alcohol use and being drunk were the risk factors for becoming probably users of illegal drugs. Conclusion: Research findings showed that the rate of using psycoactive substances among secondary school students in TRNC is lower than other European countries, but there is an increase in use of lots of pschoactive substances. For the prevention programs of TRNC youth, it is necessary to focus on volatile substances, benzodiazepins, cannabis, sentetic cannabinoids and extacy besides of smoking and alcohol. It will be necessary to continue more follow-up studies to see the changes between rates of substances.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Mehmet cakici, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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INFLUENCES OF MENOPAUSE ON WOMEN’S MENTAL HEALTH AND SEXUAL LIFE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Seren akman, Near East University

Mehmet cakici, Near East University

Buse keskindag, Near East University

Meryem karaaziz, Near East University

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of menopause on women’s mental health and sexual life. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Antalya, Turkey. It included 100 females (50 menopausal and 50 non-menopausal women). The age of the sample varied between 35-65 years. Individuals voluntarily participated in the study through snowball sampling method. The symptoms of menopause were assessed by the Menopausal Symptoms Scale (MRS), psychological symptoms were assessed by the Symptoms Check List (SCL-R 90), and sexual functions were evaluated by the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and the Golombok Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale (GRISS). Results: The findings indicated that mean scores of all subscales of the SCL-R 90 were significantly higher among menopausal women in comparison with non- menopausal women. No significant differences were found between menopausal and non-menopausal women in terms of sexual satisfaction. However, mean scores of vaginismus and anorgasmia subscales of the GRISS were significantly higher in menopausal women than non-menopausal women. Conclusion: Menopausal women can experience psychological problems because of the loss of fertility. Menopause can affect the women’s mental health. Also, it can negatively influence sexual life although menopausal women do not wish to report any sexual difficulty. Multidimensional health care including psychological support could be efficient for menopausal women.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Seren akman, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FACEBOOK LEVEL OF USE WITH POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER, DEPRESSION AND SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLLES

Mehmet Cakici, Near East University

Asra Babayigit, Near East University

Ebru Cakici, Near East University

Meryem Karaaziz, Near East University

Abstract

Purpose: With more than 350 million users worldwide, Facebook has become an increasingly prevalent choice in the lives of individuals, driven by the communications technologies that have developed in recent years. For this reason, studies towards facebook usage are increasing rapidly. Studies show that facebook usage has negative effects on depression, anxiety disorders, histrionic personality disorder and dependencies. Moreover excessive facebook usage can lead to facebook addiction. In this study, the relationship between facebook level of use in TRNC with post traumatic stress disorder, depression and socio-demographic variables in NC was investigated.Method: The study was applied between May–June 2016. Sample of the study consists of the Turkish speaking individuals between 18-65 years of age living permanently in NC. Multi-stage stratified (randomized) quota was used in the survey and 982 people were selected according to the 2011 census. The Questionnaire consists of the socio-demographic data form prepared by the researchers, traumatic stress symptom scale, facebook addiction scale and beck depression inventory. Analyzes of findings were done by comparing the two groups: high risk for facebook addiction (FB-YRG) (FBÖ>45) and low risk for facebook addiction (FB-DRG) (FBÖ≤45). In the analysis of the data, chi-square test was applied to compare the high and low risk groups of facebook addiction. Logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between sociodemographic risk factors, depression, PTSD (independent variables) and facebook use (dependent variable). Correlation analysis was also conducted to reveal the relationship between Facebook use, depression and PTSD. Results: In the study, FB-HRG was determined as 17,6%. Major Depression spot prevalence was 23.5% and prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder was found as 19%. Depression and PTSD were found to be higher in FB-HRG than FB-LRG. The risk of facebook dependence is more prevalent in individuals without substance use, young, unmarried and non-childbearing people, and also without any physical illness participants. Conclusion: People with high risk of facebook addiction are more socailly isolated, lonely, low self- confidence and younger in comparison to individuals with low risk of facebook addiction. Depression and PTSD is more prevelant among individuals with high risk of facebook addiction, similar with drug addiction researches. The reason of high facebook level of use among these people may be suggested that facebook use is a form of behavior that arises as a means of self-healing to get rid of negative affect.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Mehmet Cakici, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Comparison of Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Problematic Internet Use between Problematic Gamblers and Non-gamblers among University Students

Yagmur fırat, Near East University

Mehmet cakici, Near East University

Asra babayigit, Near East University

Meryem karaaziz, Near East University

Abstract

Aim: The Internet addiction is defined as the inability to control reviewing and using the internet for an excessive time period. The habit of Internet gambling, as with other addicting habits, results from a few variables: a man's genetic or hereditary predisposition, mental attitude, social environment, and peer influence. On the other excitement results from the virtual environment of the internet itself, unlimited access, and diversion of use can also make it more addictive. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences about the socio-demographic characteristics and problematic internet use, between problematic gamblers and non-gamblers. Method: The study was administered to the 299 Near East University students in April-May 2015. The study sample is selected in non-randomized way. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic form, South Oaks Gambling Screening (SOGS) Scale and Problematic Internet Usage Scale (PIUS). Descriptive and chi-square statistical methods were used in comparison of socio-demographic characteristics and analysis of the Pearson correlation was used to determine the relationship between PIUS Scale and SOGS Scale. Differences between two groups were analyzed by chi-square statistics and t-test analyses. Results: According to study more than half of the gamblers played gambling over the internet. Moreover men tended to gamble more than women. It is also found that single and high income level participants are gambling more frequently. Students attending to the university for more than 5 years found to have more PPG problem. Moreover, students with PPG had lower academic success. However, this study shows that students who have money tend to spend it more on gambling and this situation causes the negative effect on their academic performance. In this study it is illustrated that the highest number of gambling occurs at casinos (77.7%) which followed closely by betting offices (70.8%). It is also observed that gambling on games such as horse-racing and dog-football-gambling were higher than PPG. Problematic internet use has been seen as one of the leading causes of problem and pathological gambling. Conclusion: These studies showed that university students who had problem with internet use were more prone to have PPG problem. In order to prevent the inter-related problems of PPG and problematic internet use, effective public health policies, awareness and consciousness programs are needed. Moreover, in the university the psychological counseling and guidance center can scientifically inform the youth to reduce these problems.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Yagmur fırat, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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The Prevalence Of Intimate Partner Violence Among Women In North Cyprus And Related Risk Factors And Psychological Symptoms

Meryem Karaaziz, Near East University

Ebru Cakici, Near East University

Abstract

Purpose: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most common type of violence applied to women and it causes important health problems. The aim of this study is to show the prevalence of IPV against women in North Cyprus (NC), related risk factors and psychological symptoms hence to form data for future prevention studies which aim to decrease this problem. Method: The present study includes 497 female participants representing women aged older than 18 years in NC. To assess IPV against women, Women Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) is used. In this study socio-demographic information form was used to learn socio-demographic variables, Symptom Check List Revised form (SCL-90-R) was used to show the psychological symptoms. Results: The prevalence of IPV was found 14.3%. Findings indicated significant differences for all WAST subscales between non-abused and abused participants. Women who are younger than 35, who are seperated or divorced, who have secondary education or literate, and who have occupation were exposed to IPV more. However, partner’s age and educational level did not indicate significant associations with women’s IPV scores. Women exposed to IPV had significantly higher scores for all subscales of SCL-90-R, except for somatization, indicating higher prevalence of psychological problems. Conclusion: This study shows dimensions of IPVagainst women in TRNC and its negative consequences on women’s health. Prevention programs should be planned to increase public awareness and take precautions.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Meryem Karaaziz, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected] Page| - 29 -

Ethnic identity formation, self-esteem and psychological symptoms among third culture individuals.

GLORİA MANYERUKE, Near East University

EBRU CAKİCİ, Near East University

Abstract

The goal of this study was to investigate the ethnic identity formation, self-esteem and psychological health of Third Culture Individuals (TCI) in comparison with their mono-cultural peers living in their home country, Zimbabwe. It was also within the scope of this study to investigate the differences between TCIs living within Africa and TCIs who migrated to countries outside Africa. This study was conducted as an internet based cross sectional research. The study had 88 participants, 51.1% female and 48.9% male. Snowball sampling was employed in this study. 30.4% of the participants resided in Zimbabwe, 40.5% were Zimbabwean TCIs living in South Africa and 29.1% in the United Kingdom. TCIs had lower affective identity scores than their mono- cultural counterparts. TCIs living in other African countries were found to suffer more from psychological symptoms and had lower ethnic identity score than the other two groups. The study also revealed correlation between ethnic identity and the participant`s age but not with self-esteem nor psychological symptoms. The results of this study suggest that the xenophobia in African countries has negative consequences on the immigrants. The TCIs who have chance to express their ethnical identity without fear experience better ethnic identity formation and less psychological symptoms.

Key words: third culture individuals, ethnic identity formation, self-esteem, xenophobia, psychological symptoms, globalization.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: GLORİA MANYERUKE, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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THE EFFECTS OF FLIP LEARNING COURSE ENVIRONMENTS ON STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT AND APPLICATION

Semih Caliskan, Near East University

Huseyin Bicen, Near East University

Abstract

This study aims to determine the opinions of bachelor’s degree students on the designed flip learning course with the educational applications of virtual environments. The method of the present study is a descriptive and experimental model with qualitative and quantitative survey model designed with pre-test, post-test and semi structured interview form. Study group consists of 81 students (41 experimental and 40 control group) enrolled in freshman level in Near East University Ataturk Faculty of Education. Data collection tools of the study consist of survey and semi structured interview form. Data collection procedures have started with pre-test administration to the participants of the study and the instruction to follow the developed flip learning environment. After the final training participants has been asked to answer the administered post-test questionnaire and have been interviewed with semi-structured questions in terms of the flip learning environment view evaluation. As a result of the collected data, participants view concerning the flip learning environment evaluation in general reveals a positive view. Pre-test and post-test results indicates that, following courses exchanging information and studying conditions with the developed flip learning virtual environment for students has shown a positive trend. According to the results obtained from the interviews concerning the flip learning would support training and also increase motivation.

Key words: Flip Learning, Distance Learning, Virtual Classes, Information Technologies, and Mentally Disabled Teaching.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Semih Caliskan, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Exploring the Role of Procedural Negotiation in Improving Speaking Skill Learners’ Psychology: The Case of English as a Foreign Language Third Year Students at Mohamed Lamine DEBBAGHINE SETIF-2 University –ALGERIA

Radhia MEBARKIA, English Language and Literature in Mohamed Lamine DEBBAGHINE

Abstract

The present study aims to explore the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers as well learners’ perceptions of the procedural negotiation role as a facilitating participatory dialogu ein solving the problem realized with the speaking skill learners’ psychology. In other words, the work attempts to shed some light on the importance of establishing a relaxed and friendly environment to get the EFL speakers’ psychology improved. This mixed-methods research aims to describe two variables: procedural negotiation as the independent variable and its role in improving the EFL speaking skill learners’psychology as the dependent variable. The data have been gathered through self-completion questionnaires administered to ten Oral Expression teachers and one hundred and twenty-five first year students at the English Language and Literature Department, Mohamed Lamine DEBBAGHINE SETIF-2University,ALGERIA. The results have shown that negotiation could be beneficial for improving thelearners’psychology while speaking. This study has certainly its limitations, but its findings revealed interesting implications. Thus, future researches should be done experimentally to test out the applicability of the findings to a larger population.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Radhia MEBARKIA, English Language and Literature in Mohamed Lamine DEBBAGHINE

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Wellness of University Students According to Gender and Age Groups

Nur Demirbas, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University

Fidan Korkut Owen, Bahcesehir University

Türkan Doğan, Hacettepe University

Abstract

As World Health Organization (WHO) points out, wellness, in most definitions, is mentioned a multi- dimensional wellness in physical, cognitive and social fields. From this basic definition, the Well-Star Model, designed by Korkut-Owen and Owen (2012), discusses five dimensions of wellness in people’s private lives. The star consists of the following: "meaning and purpose of life, cognitive, emotional, physical and social aspects. Based on the model (Korkut-Owen, Doğan, Demirbaş-Çelik and Owen, 2016), the researchers have also developed the Well-Star Scale. The purpose of the study is to determine whether wellness of university students varies according to gender and age groups. To this end, the Well-Star Scale and personal data forms including gender and age groups were given to 145 university students. The research data were gathered by using the Kwiksurvey system, an online data collecting instrument. 111 (76.4%) of the participants were female, and 34 (24.6%) of the participants were male students. In terms of age, the ranges were as follows: 35 participants were in the range from 17 to 22 years old (24.1%), 95 participants (65.5%) were in the range from 23 to 28 years old and 15 participants (10.3%) in the range of above 29. Levene was employed for the homogeneity test, and Skewness and Kurtosis tests were used for normality. It was concluded that the research data were normal and homogeneously distributed. t test and one way variance analysis were employed for data analysis. According to the research findings, there is a statistically significant difference between the wellness total scores of the gender group. It is found that the wellness scores of the man higher than women. When sub-totals are examined, it is obvious that the difference between genders is significant in favour of the male participants, solely in the physical dimension. As a result of the analyses, there is a significant difference between the first age group and the second age group according to the Well-Star Scale scores of different age groups, and another significant difference between the first and the third age groups. When means are considered, it is apparent that wellness scores get lower as age increases. In terms of the sub-dimensions, there is a significant difference between the different age groups only in "meaning and purpose of life factor. The difference was found between the first age group and the second age group; and between the first age group and the third one. When means are considered, it is seen that the scores of "meaning and purpose of life decline as age increases. These findings are discussed in the light of the literature and recommendations are also included in the research.

Key Words: Wellness, Well Star Scale, Well Star model

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Nur Demirbas, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Teacher Candidate’ Environmental Identity

Donay Nisa Kara, Near East University

Serap Ozbaş, Near East University

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine and specify candidate teachers’ environmental identity and was the effect of gender’s role on the environmental identity. A random sampling method with by the 153 volunteer participants was used. According to the participants’ demografic properties, 85 of them were male and 68 of them were female. Their age ranged between 18 to 23. In this study, environmental identity scale developed by Clayton (2003) and adapted into Turkish by Kılınç (2013) was used. The orginal scale grade is in five type Likert, but the Turkish version was a seven point grading Likert. For validity, Cronbach alpha was used. The Turkish sclae was calculated as .88 and the value of Cronbach alpha was calculated as .93 in this study. The results of this study showed that the environmental identity is high and gender does not play a significant role on the environmental identity of candidate teachers.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Donay Nisa Kara, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Mindfulness Among Educators In General And Special Education At Independent Schools In Qatar And Its Effects On Their Academic Performance And Self-Efficacy.

Mohamed R Nosair, Qatar university

Abstract

The study aims to determine the effects of mindfulness on self-efficacy and professional success among educators of general and special education at Qatar Independent. The study sample will consist of 100 educators from the males and females divided to (50) educators of general education and (50) educators of Special Education in primary, and high schools. They will response to mindfulness scale and the scale of self- efficacy. In addition, use reports of the assessment by the Department of Education for their performance and assessments of their supervisors. The study will examine the effect of some variables such as differences between educators from general and special education, as well as the differences between males and females and years of experience. The study will use a statistic descriptive approach and Correlative analysis such as; means and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The study may predicts differences between educators in all variables study.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Mohamed R Nosair, Qatar university

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING STRATEGIES AND THE LOCUS OF CONTROL LEVELS OF HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR CLASS STUDENTS

Gözde Evram, Near East University

Murat Tezer, Near East University

Abstract

The aim of this study to determine the decision making strategies and the locus of control levels of high school senior class students and to display whether there is a significant differences between decison making strategies and the locus of control levels of high school senior class students. Data were collected as appropriate for quantitative study and screening model was used which is a descriptive research method. A total 838 students who were enrolled at 12th grade of high school participated at the study. “Decision Making Strategies Scale” developed by Kuzgun (1992), and “Internal-External Locus of Control Scale” developed by Rotter (1966) were employed. The data were evaluated with frequency-percentile, average and multi-variate analysis of variance (MANOVA). According to the findings, it has been determined that the locus of control levels of high school senior class students is externally controled but they employ the rational decison making strategy, which is a subscale of decision-making strategies, more frequently than other strategies. Significant difference has been identified in the scores received from decision making strategies according to the locus of control levels of the students. Research findings revealed a necessity for planning and conducting studies for students to make their own decisions related to comprehensive information studies on decision making and locus of control which will be provided at schools.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Gözde Evram, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

Page| - 36 -

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DECISION-MAKING STRATEGIES AND THE LOCUS OF CONTROL LEVELS OF HIGH SCHOOL SENIOR CLASS STUDENTS

Beria Gokaydin, Near East University

Deniz Ozcan, Near East University

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı üstün zekalılar öğretmenliği bölümü öğrencilerinin yaratıcı düşünmeye yönelik tutumlarının belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel ve nitel yöntemin birlikte ele alındığı karma yöntem kullanılmıştır. Nicel veri toplama aracı olarak sahip olunan yaratıcılık tutumunu değerlendirmek amacıyla Raudsepp, E. (1981) tarafından geliştirilen ‘‘How Creative Are You? Perigee Trade’’ ve Sabire Çoban (1999) tarafından Türkçe’ye uyarlanan ‘‘Ne Kadar Yaratıcısınız? Tutum Ölçeği’’ ile araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Nitel veri toplamak için ise araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın çalışma grubu 2015-2016 Bahar Dönemi eğitim öğretim yılında üstün zekalılar öğretmenliği bölümü 1., 2. ve 3. sınıf öğrencilerinin tamamı ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada elde edilen nicel veriler için Spss 24.0 paket programı kullanılmıştır. Nitel veriler ise içerik analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaratıcı Düşünme, Üstün Zeka, Yaratıcılık.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Beria Gokaydin, Near East University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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Mindfulness skills in individuals with borderline personality features: roles of impulsivity and rejection sensitivity

Ekin Emiral-Coşkun, Istanbul Arel University

İlke Sine Egeci, Bahcesehir University

Abstract

The current study aimed to explore whether mindfulness mediates the relationships between (1) borderline personality features and the facets on impulsivity (namely, urgency, premediation, perseverance, and sensation seeking), and (2) borderline personality features and rejection sensitivity. Sample reached through convenience sampling method. Accordingly, 419 individuals participated in the research with an age range between 20 and 39 (M = 26.24, SD = 4.67). For the exploration of the research questions, data collection is completed with the employment of Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), Urgency, Premediation, Perseverance, and Sensation Seeking Impulsivity Scale (UPPS Impulsivity Scale), and Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire (RSQ). For the analysis of the data, mediation analysis with the use of PROCESS macro by Hayes (2013) was applied. It is found that mindfulness partially mediates the relationship between borderline personality features and urgency (N = (419) R2 = (.22), F = (120.67), p < .001), and, borderline personality features and sensation seeking facets of impulsive behaviors (N = (419) R2 = (.08), F = (36.62), p < .001). More specifically, results suggest that the higher the level of borderline personality features, the lower the level of mindfulness individual has, which in turn increases the likelihood of urgent and sensation seeking behaviors. In addition, since it is a partial mediation, higher levels of borderline personality features alone, regardless of mindfulness levels, leads to the increased likelihood of urgent and sensation seeking behaviors. Along with the present findings, it can be said that mindfulness is a very important factor for understanding the dynamics of borderline personality features, and, managing behaviors resulted from it. Findings suggest the use of mindfulness skill development in individuals with borderline personality disorder features which may help them reducing some of their impulsive behaviors especially like involving in rash or regrettable actions as a result of intense negative affect or seeking for excitement and adventure. These mindfulness skill training based interventions might focus more on their impulsive behaviors like involving in rash or regrettable actions as a result of intense negative affect or the tendency to seek for excitement and adventure. On account of one of the most problematic areas of everyday lives of individuals with borderline personality features are composed of impulsive mistakes and misinterpretations of relationships, these educations would be beneficial.

Keywords: Borderline personality features, mindfulness, impulsivity, rejection sensitivity.

ADDRESS FOR CORRESPONDENCE: Ekin Emiral-Coşkun, Istanbul Arel University

E-Mail Address: [email protected]

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