What were the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used of present the What does the key question mean? Physical Geography Key Question: data? Are the hard engineering strategies at Eastbourne effective? That the range of hard engineering methods used to protect the coast near Glyne Gap Width of the beach work well and stop coastal storms from eroding the land behind the beach. This means • Bar graphs are easy to create that the wooden/rip rap groynes work well by trapping a sediment creating a wide How did you present your data? • You can easily see if there is a difference in beach width beach. They would also trap more sediment one side of each groyne due to L-S-D. • Averages can be taken across all 6 data sets Width of the beach Height of shingle on both sides of groynes • The data was plotted onto a bar graph • Bar graphs are easy to create What methods of coastal defence are there at Eastbourne? • The series of bar graphs were produced to show the difference in height between the west and • You can easily see if there is a difference in shingle build up either side of the eastern sides of the 6 beaches measured. groyne • Wooden groynes Height of shingle on both sides of groynes • Averages can be taken across all 6 data sets • Rip Rap Groynes • The data was plotted onto a bar graph Pebble Size Sampling • Sea Wall • The series of bar graphs were produced to show the difference in height between each side of • Shows the spread of data from the mean. Gives an indication of the reliability of • Rip Rap sea wall the groynes on the 6 beaches measured. the data. Anomalies can be drawn. Very visual. Pebble Size Sampling • Works best with lots of data. Can be time consuming and complex to construct, It is a good site to study • A dispersion graph was created especially with lots of data. It doesn't tell you anything about the data this because: • The 5 sets of data for each 5m interval were plotted onto the graph • A line of best fit was drawn to show a correlation between distance from the beach and the • Close size of pebble What did the results show? Did they prove the key question? • Range of defence methods Width of the beach • On all 6 beaches there was a build up of sediment on the eastern side What is the background geography behind the fieldwork? compared to the western side. This meant that the groynes are stopping LSD creating a wider beach. This means that they are effective (proves key question) • Groynes stop LSD which Height of shingle on both sides of groynes builds up a wide beach • On all 5 out of 6 groynes there was a build up of sediment on the eastern side • A wide beach slow down and compared to the western side. This meant that the groynes are stopping LSD stops the waves from creating a taller beach on the eastern side. This means that they are effective reaching land of value and (proves key question) causing erosion. Pebble Size Sampling • That there is a clear correlation between pebble length and the distance from • Seawalls and Rip Rap sea the waters edge. (proves key question) walls slow down and stop the wave energy from causing erosion Secondary Data - https://se-coastalgroup.org.uk/coastal-defence- works/eastbourne-coastal-scheme-2011-2012/

What data did you collect? Annual beach management works are taking place at Eastbourne following a successful business case submission by the East Kent Engineering Partnership, Width of the beach working on behalf of Eastbourne Borough Council. £1.8 million has been secured for • A ranging pole was used to mark the border between the beach and the beach management works from 2016-2021, informed by survey data provided by promenade the Regional Coastal Monitoring Programme and new beach designs produced by • A tape measure was held at the ranging pole and taken to the spot where the EKEP engineers. beach met the sea • A measurement of meters was taken on the east and west side of each beach Annual works have so far been undertaken in 2016, 2017 and 2018, and have • This was completed for 6 different sections of beach consisted of beach recharge, undertaken by the dredger Sospan Dau, and beach Height of shingle on both sides of groynes recycling where possible. • A tape measure was used to measure the height from the top of the wooden groyne down to the sediment • This was taken on both sides of the groynes • A measurement in cm was taken • This was completed for 6 different sections of beach Pebble Size Sampling How could the data collection be improved? • A ranging pole was used to mark the border between the beach and the • promenade Repeat the data collection activities again to reduce anomalies • • A tape measure was held at the ranging pole and taken to the spot where the Having longer tape measures • beach met the sea Going on a less windy day • • At 5m intervals from the waters edge five random pebbles were picked up and Going on a cooler day • their width was measured at the longest point Deciding on a set point to measure the waters edge e.g. the furthest reach of • A measurement in mm was taken the swash How accurate, reliable and valid were your results? • Finding out more secondary data e.g. the costs of the defence to make a better judgement • It was windy and the tape measures kept on • Humans could have thrown larger pebbles blowing round. This meant measuring distance towards the sea, meaning results may be What risks were there at Eastbourne and how could you mitigate them?? to the waters edge was difficult and data could inaccurate be invalid • Stranger danger- Not talking to strangers • Getting lost-Sticking with the group and having the teachers emergency • The tape measure was not long enough to • The weather was extremely hot, fatigue set in mobile number measure the whole width of the beach and had meaning some results were rushed. • Sea-Staying well away from the waters edge to be measured in two sections leading to • It was hard to measure the waters edge as this • Ranging poles-walking with the sharp points facing down human error constantly changes due to the swash and • The sea-not turning backs to the sea when taking measurements backwash • Stones-Don’t pick them up and throw them