Fieldwork enquiry question: How effective are the groynes at Risk assessment Methods carried out Swanage in managing longshore drift? Risk of powerful waves, Students told not to go too close to Aim: To investigate the effect of the groynes on Hypothesis and aims: Tides creating risk of drowning. the shore and to stay out of the sea. 1. Beach profile the sorting of beach material (groynes should Consultation of tide timetables. cause an increase in attrition). It is predicted that the groynes at Swanage will be effective in preventing longshore drift. Therefore aim of the investigation is to Danger of cliff collapse and Avoid walking near the foot of cliff Aim: To investigate the effects of the discover how effective the groynes are at preventing the process of Cliff falling rocks. encase of cliff collapse. Students 2. Exposed management technique of groynes on the longshore drift. collapse warned of this and kept well away height of movement of sediment along the coastline. from the back of the beach. groynes Reason location is suitable for physical enquiry: Wet weather is dangerous Students advised to bring plenty of The location was chosen as Swanage beach is on a stretch of coastline due to slippery groynes etc. water and sun cream if the weather Aim: To survey the shape (morphology) of the that is affected by the process of longshore drift. As a result of this 3. Sediment beach. To examine the effects of the Weather Hot weather also poses the forecast is hot. If the weather forecast process and in order to keep the beach for tourists the local council risk of dehydration. is wet, students are advised to bring analysis (shape management technique of groynes on beach has installed the hard engineering method of groynes. The area is also appropriate clothing and footwear. and size) processes and morphology. easily accessible by coach from our school. Evaluation Method 1: Beach profile Presentation method: Bar chart to show the exposed height of the groynes

Sampling method: systematic sampling (fixed intervals) Very clearly shows that updrift is less exposed A larger pebble sample size should have been collected. More than one site Sample size: 3 sites (between pier and groyne, between two groynes Strengths than downdrift. Easy to see the pattern and A bar graph to show the exposed Sample height of groyne data between the groynes should have also and away from the groynes). compare data sets. size Description: Person A stands by the sea holding a ranging pole and 150 been used. Therefore conclusions are Groynes are given letters- not possible to person B holds a second ranging pole 1m up the beach. The angle based on limited data. between matching markers on each ranging pole is measured using a locate. Based on one reading from each side 100 Updrift Weaknesses A lack of readings taken on both sides of clinometer. Repeat this process every 1m up the beach. of the groyne. Difficult to read the decimal Downdrift 50 the groynes means an average of how places of readings. Frequency much groyne was exposed could not be Strengths Weaknesses Height of groyne (cm) 0 Alternative Located bar graphs could have been used on of readings -The method of data collection is -There may be some user error A B C D E F G H I J reached- weakness of data collection a map of the beach to show where the most taken simple to carry out. when taking readings with a presentation Groyne could have had a greater impact on -Systematic sampling is simple clinometer. techniques effective groynes were. results. and has good coverage of the -Ranging poles need to be held Conclusion study area. straight and prevented from Unit 3 sinking into the sediment, It is evident from the results that longshore drift is being managed effectively by the otherwise an inaccurate groynes at Swanage. This is especially seen from the exposed height of the groyne being measurement will be taken. Physical fieldwork- Swanage much less on the updrift side and the gradient on the beach being steeper between the groynes. Method 2: Exposed height of groynes Method 2: Sediment analysis Results

Sampling method: systematic sampling (fixed intervals) Sampling method: systematic sampling (fixed intervals) The beach between the groynes had the steepest overall Sample size: 10 groynes Sample size: 5 pebbles every 2m from the shore at 2 sites (away from gradient. The beach measured with no groynes had the 1. Beach profile Description: identify the updrift and downdrift using a compass. Use and between the groynes) lowest overall gradient. Thus showing the groynes are the meter ruler to measure from the top of the groyne to the surface Description: 5 pebbles were selected randomly every 2m up the effective at building up the beach. of the sediment on each side. Repeat for each groyne. beach. The length and width of each pebble was measured and compared it Power’s chart to subjectively assess roundness. The average exposed height of the groynes was less on Strengths Weaknesses 2. Exposed height of the updrift side. Thus showing the groynes are effective in Strengths Weaknesses -The method clearly shows -Measurements were not taken groynes trapping sediment in the direction of longshore drift. whether the groynes are working. at the same point along each - A quadrat was used in order to -Accessing the roundness using -The method of data collection is groyne and several were not ensure that the pebbles were the chart is subjective. simple to carry out and does not taken along each side. selected at random. -Power’s chart is still The length and width of the pebbles was used to give an need special equipment. - Care should be taken to -Simple method of data collection subjective- to mitigate this area of each pebble. This was plotted onto a cumulative - A large enough sample size was ensure that meter ruler is held with little equipment needed. more than one person could frequency graph which showed the area of the pebbles 3. Sediment analysis used (most of the groynes were straight and does not sink into -It is a quick and efficient way to have assessed the roundness- between the groynes was smaller. Therefore indicating (shape and size) measured), in order to reach a the sand- otherwise an collect the data needed. however this is more time that longshore drift is taking place and the groynes are reliable conclusion. inaccurate reading could be - Using Power’s chart makes the consuming. stopping trapping the sediment causing the erosional taken. data more reliable. - The sample size was small- process of attrition. making the data less accurate. Fieldwork enquiry question: What are the impacts of Swanage being Risk assessment Methods carried out a honeypot destination. Risk of accident by walking Students told to only cross the road at Busy Aim: To investigate the opinions of the locals in Hypothesis and aims: along and crossing busy the crossings and walk in pairs encase terms of tourism. Therefore discovering the roads 1. Questionnaire roads in the town. of accident. social, economic and environmental impacts The aim of the investigation was to discover the impacts for Swanage from their perspective. of being a honeypot tourist destination. It is predicted that the Risk of injuring through Students told to walk around the economic impacts will be more positive than the social and walking around the town town in pairs or more. Each group Injury 2. Environmental Aim: To investigate the impacts of tourism on environmental impacts. such as tripping. carried a first aid kit and so did the quality survey the environment of Swanage. Factors such as teacher. Reason location is suitable for physical enquiry: (bi-polar pollution, greenery, congestion levels and Risk of verbal abuse from Students told to walk around in pairs analysis) density of wildlife habitats were scored. The location was chosen as Swanage is a popular tourist destination members of the public or more. Meeting point given to Aim: To investigate the impact that tourism has attracting 16.5 million visitors a year and generating £830 million per General especially when carrying students to meet at regular times and year. The area is also easily accessible by coach from our school. public out questionnaires. Also a head count to be done. Students to 3. Retail value on the type of shops in Swanage and therefore Swanage is also a small enough seaside town that the risks associated risk of abduction. be polite when asking questionnaires. survey. on the economy. The High Street, Station Road with fieldwork are reduced. and Institute Road were chosen.

Method 1: Questionnaire Presentation method: Bar chart for retail value survey Evaluation

Sampling method: Stratified random sampling (only locals were Very clearly shows which type of shop is most A bar graph to show the retail Only 3 sites were chosen for the EQS and value results the retail value survey therefore not questioned however they were chosen randomly) Strengths dominant along each street in Swanage. Easy Sample 35 showing a full representation across Sample size: 30+ (37 exactly) locals were questioned to read how many in each street. 30 Hig h S treet size Description: Create a questionnaire which focuses on finding out the 25 Swanage- thus the conclusions are based 20 Does not show where in Swanage each type 15 Statio n Road on a small area. impacts of tourism from the locals perspective. When in Swanage ask 10 the questionnaire to a sample size of at least 30 local people. of shop can be found- just an overview of the 5 Weaknesses 0 Institute All of the methods were open to some types of shops along a whole street. Does not Road

Strengths Weaknesses Total kind of bias. People may have lied on the

display the value score for each street. Number of shops Chari ty -The method is a good way to -People may lie especially if Bias questionnaires, the EQS is based on Alternative Located bar graphs on a map of Swanage to

Independent… opinion and human error could have collect data about. they are given options and Vac ant Retai l… - The data collected can easily be their choice is not there. presentation visually show where the streets are. Using GIS incorrectly categorised the shops for the High Street chain Street High Department Store Department collated and graphed to show the -Carrying out face to face techniques to map the location of the shops. Shop typesCon veni ence Store retail value survey. common opinions of the locals. questionnaires can be time - They are a cost efficient way of consuming so a large sample Unit 3 Conclusion collecting quantitative data. size cannot be obtained in the - They are a practical way to time. It is evident from the results that the hypothesis can be partly accepted and rejected. gather people’s opinions. Human fieldwork- Swanage Tourism was found to be very beneficial for the economy. Surprisingly the majority of locals felt positive about tourism.. The environmental impacts were worse in the High Street. Method 2: Environmental Quality Survey Method 2: Retail Value Survey Results Sampling method: systematic sampling (fixed sites) Sample size: 3 sites (Old Harry Rocks, Swanage beach and The High Sampling method: systematic sampling (fixed sites along a transect) The results showed that the majority of shops are high Street) Sample size: 3 sites (along a transect directly opposite the beach). street chains (27%) and independent stores, showing Description: Create a table which has a scale from -3 to +3. include Description: Tally the number of shops at each road into the following 1. Questionnaire tourism is having a positive economic impact. However the factors to be assessed in the table. Visit each site and score the groups; department store, high street chain, independent specialist there are no department stores showing it is not busy factors from -3 to +3. store, convenience store, charity shop and vacant premises. Use the enough. scoring system to calculate the value of each street. Strengths Weaknesses The beach had the highest average score (1.6). The High Strengths Weaknesses -Sites were chosen based on -The score given is based on an 2. Environmental Street had the lowest average score of 0.1, the result of - The scoring system of assigning -Only 3 roads were visited secondary research of Swanage. opinion- more than one Quality Survey high congestion and little habitats. - Using a score system which goes persons opinion and an average high value stores a higher score therefore the conclusion is from -3 to +3 enabled the score given would have been shows easily which street is the based on a small sample size negative aspects of sites to be more reliable. highest value and therefore is and may not be a true 95% of the locals felt that tourists are beneficial to clearly shown. -Lack of sites surveyed- so doing well from tourism. representation across Swanage. Out of the these 54% felt this was due to the -A range of factors was assessed conclusion based on a small - Easy and cost effective way of Swanage. 3. Retail Value money tourism brings. 46% of the people surveyed were at each site. area. seeing the impact of tourism on - Human error could have Survey employed in the tourist industry. Litter was the biggest - Some factors being assessed the economy. categorised some shops issues raised by the locals with 16 people surveyed saying were not appropriate for site. incorrectly. it was the biggest impact.