ND 4828

[ANNOUNCER] NEWSDEPTH IS A PRESENTATION OF WVIZ, PBS, IDEASTREAM EDUCATION AND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY A GRANT FROM THE MARTHA HOLDEN JENNINGS FOUNDATION.

[RICK] COMING UP NEXT ON NEWSDEPTH, WE MEET FLIPPY, YEP HE'S A BURGER FLIPPING ROBOT. PLUS, I'M NOT KIDDING, IT'S KIDDING SEASON. AND OHIO USED TO BE CLOTHING CENTRAL. I'LL TAKE YOU ON A TOUR OF ONE LAST SUIT FACTORY. NEWSDEPTH IS NOW.

COULD NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA FINALLY BE AT PEACE?

HELLO EVERYBODY, I'M RICK JACKSON.

THE KOREAN WAR THAT RESULTED IN THE DIVIDE BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA, MAY SOON COME TO AN END. THOUGH THERE HAS NOT BEEN BATTLING ON THE FIELD SINCE AN ARMISTICE WAS SIGNED IN 1953, THE WAR WAS NEVER OFFICIALLY DECLARED OVER.

LEADERS OF BOTH COUNTRIES, KIM JONG UN, FROM THE NORTH, AND MOON JAE-IN, FROM THE SOUTH, MET AT THE DEMILITARIZED ZONE THAT SITS AT THE BORDER OF THEIR COUNTRIES. YOU CAN SEE THEM HERE BOTH STANDING TOGETHER JUST SOUTH OF THE LINE THAT DIVIDES THE NATIONS. THE TWO SYMBOLICALLY STEPPED OVER TO THE NORTH AND THEN BACK TO THE SOUTH FOR TALKS TO TAKE PLACE.

THE TWO MADE REMARKABLE PROGRESS BY SIGNING THE PANMUNJOM DECLARATION FOR PEACE, PROSPERITY AND UNIFICATION ON THE KOREAN PENINSULA. THE AGREEMENT HAS BOTH OF THE COUNTRIES WORKING TOGETHER TO REMOVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS FROM THE KOREAN PENINSULA AND IT ALSO CALLS FOR MEETING TO BE HELD WITH CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES TO HOPEFULLY DECLARE AN END TO THE WAR. THEY CELEBRATED THE TALKS WITH A CAKE TOPPED WITH A MAP OF THE UNIFIED PENINSULA.

NOW LAST WEEK WE TOLD YOU ABOUT WOMEN IN SAUDI ARABIA TAKING THEIR FIRST STEPS TO GET BEHIND THE WHEEL ONE DAY. WE MIGHT NOT NEED TO LEARN TO DRIVE AT ALL. THAT'S BECAUSE AUTONOMOUS CARS ARE BEING DEVELOPED. AUTONOMOUS MEANS ABLE TO ACT ON ONE'S OWN. IN THIS CASE, THE CARS ARE BEING RUN BY COMPUTERS, WITHOUT THE NEED FOR HUMAN DIRECTION.

STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN ARE ABLE TO CATCH A RIDE ON A DRIVERLESS VEHICLE THANKS TO COMPANY NAVYA. REPORTER EMILEE FANNON HAS MORE.

[EMILEE] THE FIRST EVER DRIVERLESS CAR HIT THE STREETS OF MADISON AND TOOK PASSENGERS FOR A SHUTTLE RIDE ABOVE OBSERVATORY DRIVE ON THE UW CAMPUS. THE UW IS LEADING THE INDUSTRY, BEING THE FIRST TO GET APPROVAL FOR THESE VEHICLES ON THE ROADWAYS. - HIGH AUTOMATION VEHICLE THAT DOESN'T HAVE ANY STEERING WHEELS OR PEDALS, IT REALLY IS DRIVERLESS. SO THAT MEANS THAT IT'S GOING TO RESPOND BETTER TO ANYTHING THAT'S GETTING IN IT'S WAY.

[EMILEE] THE VEHICLE IS MANNED BY AN OPERATOR, CURRENT LAW DOESN'T ALLOW THEM TO DRIVE WITHOUT ONE. AS TIME EVOLVES, EXPERTS SAY ONE DAY THESE WILL JUST BE FILLED WITH PASSENGERS.

- WELL SIMILARLY TO A PILOT OF AN AIRPLANE, THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM'S DOING ABOUT 99% OF THE FLYING ON AN AIRPLANE BUT IT MAKES US ALL FEEL BETTER KNOWING THAT THERE IS A HUMAN UPFRONT, JUST IN CASE.

- EXPERTS SAY THIS TYPE OF TECHNOLOGY WOULD BE PERFECT FOR COLLEGE CAMPUSES, EVEN WITH THE HEAVY FOOT TRAFFIC. IT ALSO WILL ALERT YOU IF YOU STAND HERE TOO LONG BY A SIMPLE HONK TO GET OUT OF THE WAY. - [AARON] BECAUSE IT'S A DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENT, WE'VE GOT CARS, TRUCKS, BUSES, PEDESTRIANS, BUT IT'S NOT SO BUSY THAT IT'S REALLY STRETCHING THE LIMITATIONS OF THE VEHICLE.

[EMILEE] THE GOAL IS TO CONDUCT A TRIAL AND ERROR AND PUT PEOPLE'S MINDS AT EASE. SIMILAR DRIVERLESS VEHICLES HAVE EXPERIENCED CRASHES AND SOME WINDING UP DEADLY.

- WE DID HAVE A LITTLE, NOT ACTUAL RUN-IN, BUT A BUS GOT CLOSE AND IT STOPPED FOR A SECOND, AND HE WAS ABLE TO TAKE CONTROL THEN AND BACK US UP AND RESTART. SO I FELT SAFE WHEN I WAS IN IT.

[RICK] THANKS EMILEE. AS YOU SAW, IN THIS DRIVERLESS SHUTTLE, IT'S STILL IMPORTANT FOR AN OPERATOR TO BE PAYING FULL ATTENTION TO WHERE THE CAR IS GOING.

NOW LAST WEEK WE ASKED IN OUR POLL IF YOU HAD EVER BEEN IN THE CAR WITH A TEXTING DRIVER AND 70% OF YOU SAID YES. THAT'S A LITTLE SCARY. ONE DAY IF WE HAVE CARS THAT DON'T REQUIRE A DRIVER, TEXTING WILL BE A-OKAY, BUT FOR NOW, IT'S IMPORTANT TO PUT THE PHONES DOWN.

HOW ABOUT TECHNOLOGY MAKING YOU A BETTER BURGER, TOO? AS CUSTOMERS IN A CALIFORNIA RESTAURANT ARE FINDING OUT, ROBOTS AREN'T JUST FOR HIGH- TECH JOBS ANYMORE. RICH DEMURO SPENT THE DAY WITH FLIPPY, THE BURGER- FLIPPING ROBOT.

[RICH] THE NEXT TIME YOU STEP INTO A FAST FOOD PLACE, YOU MIGHT BE SAYING, THIS WAS COOKED BY A ROBOT?

- IT WAS.

[RICH] FLIPPY IS A BRAND NEW BURGER FLIPPING ROBOT, NOW COOKING AT A CHAIN CALLED CALIBURGER, WHICH SERVES UP CALIFORNIA STYLE BURGERS AND FRIES.

- THE KEY TO SUCCESS IN THE RESTAURANT INDUSTRY IS CONSISTENCY. SO GOING TO, ANYTIME YOU GO TO A CALIBURGER ANYWHERE YOU KNOW THAT THE PATTY WILL BE COOKED EXACTLY THE SAME. [RICH] DEVELOPED BY MISO ROBOTICS, FIRST A LITTLE HUMAN HELP. A CO- WORKER PUTS PATTIES ON THE GRILL.

- THE KITCHEN OF THE FUTURE WILL ALWAYS HAVE PEOPLE IN IT BUT WE SEE THAT KITCHEN AS HAVING PEOPLE AND ROBOTS.

[RICH] THE ROBOT USES THERMAL IMAGING, 3D, AND CAMERA VISION TO SENSE WHEN TO FLIP AND REMOVE.

- IT DETECTS THE TEMPERATURE OF THE PATTY, THE SIZE OF THE PATTY, AND THE TEMPERATURE OF THE GRILL'S SURFACE.

[RICH] EACH BURGER HAS TO COOK FOR ABOUT 4 AND HALF MINUTES, FLIPPY ONLY HAS TO TURN THEM ONCE AND THE DEVICE LEARNS THROUGH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, BASICALLY THE MORE BURGERS FLIPPY FLIPS, THE SMARTER IT GETS. CHEESE AND TOPPINGS ARE ADDED BY A CO-WORKER. IN ADDITION TO CONSISTENCY AND SAFETY, CALIBURGER SAYS THE SYSTEM CAN CUTDOWN ON COSTS.

- IT'S NOT A FUN JOB, IT'S HOT, IT'S GREASY, IT'S DIRTY.

[RICH] LESS TURNOVER MEANS LESS TIME TRAINING NEW GRILL COOKS.

[RICK] THANKS RICH. CALIBURGER IS TESTING FLIPPY OUT IN JUST ONE STORE, BEFORE ADDING HIM TO ITS OTHER LOCATIONS. IT'S IMPORTANT TO GET IT RIGHT BECAUSE FLIPPY DOESN'T COME CHEAP. THE ROBOT COSTS ABOUT $60,000.

WELL ANOTHER PRICEY BOT IS BEING ROLLED OUT AT THE SMITHSONIAN MUSEUMS IN WASHINGTON D.C., IF YOU DIDN'T KNOW, THE SMITHSONIAN IS A SERIES OF NATIONAL MUSEUMS LOCATED IN THE CAPITOL CITY. THEY STORE ALL SORTS OF ARTIFACTS AND ART ABOUT OUR NATION'S HISTORY, AND THEY'RE FREE TO VISIT!

SO IF YOU GET THE CHANCE TO GO YOU MIGHT JUST BE GREETED BY PEPPER, A NEW ROBO DOCENT. THE ROBOT CAN ANSWER COMMON QUESTIONS LIKE, WHERE ARE THE BATHROOMS, BUT PEPPER ALSO ADDS TO EACH EXHIBIT. FOR EXAMPLE, AT THE AFRICAN ART MUSEUM, PEPPER TEACHES SWAHILI.

SOFTBANK ROBOTICS DONATED 25 PEPPERS TO THE SMITHSONIAN, VALUED AT $25000 EACH. EXPENSIVE BUT STILL PRETTY COOL.

SO NOW THAT WE'VE GIVEN YOU A COUPLE EXAMPLES OF ROBOTS CHANGING THE WAY WE WORK AND LIVE, WE WANT TO GET YOUR OPINION IN THIS WEEK'S POLL. ARE ROBOTS IMPROVING HOW WE LIVE? YOU CAN CHOSE FROM, YES, WE ARE GETTING BETTER PRODUCTS AND FASTER SERVICE. NO, I'M CONCERNED THAT THEY ARE TAKING JOBS AND INCOME AWAY FROM PEOPLE, OR I CAN'T DECIDE, THERE ARE TOO MANY ISSUES TO CONSIDER.

WE'LL LET'S STICK WITH THE TOPIC OF SCIENCE, BECAUSE MARGARET THOMPSON'S GOT SOME NEW NASA DISCOVERIES TO SHARE IN THIS WEEK'S SPOT ON SCIENCE. CHECK IT OUT.

SPOT ON SCIENCE: URANUS IS A SMELLY PLANET [MARGARET] UNLESS YOU LIKE PLUGGING YOUR NOSE, YOU'RE LUCKY WE DON'T LIVE ON URANUS. WHY? WELL BECAUSE THE SEVENTH PLANET FROM THE SUN IS IN A STINKY SITUATION. IT SMELLS LIKE ROTTEN EGGS. NASTY.

HOW DO WE KNOW THIS? WELL, NASA SCIENTISTS MADE THE DISCOVERY THROUGH A HIGH-TECH SNIFF TEST, WHICH THEY REVEALED IN THE JOURNAL, NATURE ASTRONOMY.

UNTIL NOW, SCIENTISTS HAVE ONLY SPECULATED ABOUT THE GASES THAT LIE IN THE BLUE, GREEN CLOUDS OF URANUS. FROM THE LOOKS OF IT, YOU MIGHT IMAGINE IT SMELLS LIKE COTTON CANDY OR BLUEBERRIES, BUT NOPE.

NASA SCIENTISTS IN HAWAII USED THEIR GEMINI TELESCOPE TO CHECK OUT THE SITUATION. HOW DO YOU USE A TELESCOPE TO SEE A SMELL? WELL, THE 26 FOOT TELESCOPE IS EQUIPPED WITH A NEAR-INFRARED INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROMETER OR NIFS FOR SHORT. THIS SPECIAL TOOL IT ABLE TO ANALYZE THE SUNLIGHT, REFLECT IT FROM URANUS'S ATMOSPHERE AND WHAT THEY FOUND IS EVIDENCE OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE, H2S.

NOW UNLIKE OUR FRIENDLY HYDROGEN DIOXIDE, H2O, COMMONLY CALLED WATER, HYDROGEN SULFIDE IS A CHEMICAL WITH A LESS UNPLEASANT SCENT. IT'S BEST DESCRIBED AS A SMELL OF ROTTEN EGGS, SO REALLY STINKY AND TOO MUCH OF IT CAN BE POISONOUS FOR MOST ANIMALS. SO YOU AND I DEFINITELY COULDN'T BREATH IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF URANUS.

HOWEVER, DOWN HERE ON EARTH, THERE ARE A FEW ODD ANIMALS THAT CAN SURVIVE IN PLACES WITH LOTS OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE. THEY'RE CALLED EXTREMOPHILES. AN EXTREMOPHILES IS AN ANIMAL CAPABLE OF LIVING IN EXTREME CONDITIONS, LIKE PLACES THAT ARE SUPER HOT OR UNDER HIGH PRESSURE.

NOW HIGH LEVELS OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE ARE FOUND AROUND CERTAIN VENTS IN THE BOTTOM OF OUR OCEAN AND THERE ARE FEW SPECIES OF FISH AND BACTERIA THAT LIKE TO HANG OUT THERE. THEY MUST NOT HAVE GOOD NOSES.

WHETHER THEY COULD ADAPT TO LIVE ON URANUS IS YET TO BE SEEN BUT AS FOR YOU AND ME THERE ARE STILL MORE DANGERS THERE THAN A STINKY SMELL. LIKE, THERE ISN'T ENOUGH AIR TO BREATHE AND IT'S COLDER THAN MINUS 300 DEGREES FAHRENHEIT. SO YEAH, WE MIGHT NOT BE SNIFFING THE SEVENTH PLANET BUT COME ON, URANUS, HOW ABOUT A LITTLE DEODORANT. -

[RICK] THANK YOU MARGARET. WELL ACROSS THE GLOBE, FOLKS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM ARE CELEBRATING A NEW ROYAL BABY. PRINCE WILLIAM AND THE DUTCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE, KATE, WELCOMED THEIR THIRD CHILD TO THE WORLD.

PRINCE LOUIS IS NOW FIFTH IN LINE TO BECOME THE KING OF ENGLAND, BIG ROLE FOR A LITTLE BOY! THE COUPLE AND LOUIS LEFT THE HOSPITAL LESS THAN 24 HOURS AFTER KATE GAVE BIRTH. THEY HEADED HOME TO KENSINGTON PALACE TO BE WITH THEIR OTHER TWO CHILDREN, FOUR-YEAR-OLD PRINCE GEORGE, AND TWO- YEAR-OLD PRINCESS CHARLOTTE. KATE AND THE BABY ARE SAID TO BE DOING WELL.

OF COURSE IN THE ANIMAL KINGDOM, SPRING IS KNOWN FOR BEING THE TIME WHEN LOTS OF ANIMALS GIVE BIRTH. AT ONE FARM IN MAINE, THE KIDS JUST KEEP COMING. KID OF COURSE MEANING HERE A BABY GOAT. STEVE MINICH CHECKED IN ON THE LITTLE GUYS.

[HOPE] YES. YES YOU'RE A GOOD GIRL. YOU'RE SUCH A GOOD GIRL, YES.

[STEVE] NO SOONER DOES HOPE HALL GET TO CUDDLE WITH ONE NEWBORN GOAT, THAN JUST A FEW STALLS AWAY SHE'S TENDING TO YET THE NEXT DELIVERY.

[HOPE] BABIES ARE POPPING OUT EVERYWHERE BUT WE LOVE IT. I LOOK FORWARD TO IT ALL WINTER LONG TO SEE THOSE LITTLE FACES AGAIN.

[STEVE] HOPE AND HER FAMILY OWN THE SUNFLOWER FARM IN CUMBERLAND.

[HOPE] YEAH, I LOVE YOU. SO I LISTEN TO THEM ALL NIGHT LONG AND THERE WE'RE CONSTANTLY ZIPPING OUT TO SEE HOW EVERYBODY'S DOING.

[STEVE] IT'S THE KIDDING SEASON, A SURE OFTEN STRESSFUL TWO WEEKS IN MID-APRIL WHEN ON THIS FARM MORE THAN FOUR DOZEN BABIES WILL BE BORN. JUST EIGHT YEARS AGO, THE HALL'S STARTED THIS VENTURE WITH ONLY A SINGLE PAIR OF GOATS.

[HOPE] AND THEN IT JUST KIND OF SLOWLY SNOWBALLED. WE FOLLOWED OUT INTUITION AND NOW WE HAVE A BARN FULL OF 27 GOATS AND WE'LL HAVE OVER 50 BABIES THIS SEASON AND WE'RE MAKING ALL KINDS OF PRODUCTS, YES.

[STEVE] BY MID-MAY THROUGH SUMMER THE FARM'S CREAMERY WILL BE UP AND RUNNING, PRODUCING A VARIETY OF GOAT CHEESE AND OTHER GOAT MILK PRODUCTS. BUT FOR NOW, ALL THE ATTENTION IS FOCUSED ON THE BABIES.

- THEY LOVE THEIR CHIN SCRATCHED. RIGHT? OH YOU'RE A GOOD GIRL, YES.

[STEVE] EACH WEEKEND THROUGH MOTHER'S DAY, THE FARM OPENS TO THE PUBLIC FOR ANYONE WHO MIGHT WANT TO ENJOY CUDDLING A KID.

- SAY YOU'RE A PRETTY GIRL.

[STEVE] THE HUMAN CONTACT, HOPE SAYS, IS GOOD FOR THE GOATS SINCE MOST ARE DESTINED TO BE SOLD AS PETS.

[HOPE] THEY BECOME REALLY SOCIALIZED AND FRIENDLY, AND EASY GOING WITH PEOPLE AND WE SELL A LOT OF OURS IN PAIRS AS PETS. SO WE WANT THEM TO BE REALLY FRIENDLY AND EASY GOING.

[STEVE] EVEN AT JUST ONE OR TWO DAYS OLD, THESE BABY GOATS ARE HAPPY TO BE HELD.

[HOPE] AND THEN CLOSE HIM RIGHT AROUND THE GOAT. JUST LIKE THAT, GREAT. OH HE LIKES YOU.

[STEVE] OH I CAN SEE WHY PEOPLE LIKE THIS.

[RICK] THANKS STEVE, JUST KIDDING, NO REALLY, THANK YOU STEVE. I WONDER IF ANY OF YOU WROTE ABOUT BABY ANIMALS IN THE SPRING POEMS WE ASKED YOU TO WRITE US LAST WEEK. LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT YOUR CREATIVE WORK BY OPENING UP OUR INBOX!

CHLOE FROM HICKORY RIDGE KEPT IT SHORT AND SWEET: “SPRING IS HERE, LET THE FLOWERS BLOOM. LET'S GO OUTSIDE, INSTEAD OF IN A INDOOR ROOM.”

HERES A POEM FROM RALPH AT GEARITY ELEMENTARY: “SPRING THE FLOWERS BLOOMING, THE SUN IS SHINING, SO DON'T FEEL GLOOMY. WE LIKE TO PLAY OUTSIDE, IT'S SUNNY AND BRIGHT, WHAT AN AMUSING SIGHT.”

IRIS FROM MUNROE ELEMENTARY WROTE IN A GOOD ONE: “WHEN I WALK OUTSIDE I SEE FUN FLOWERS, BUT SOME DAYS I SEE RAIN SHOWERS. EVERY DAY IS LIKE ONE OTHER, WITH HAVING FUN PLAYING WITH EACH OTHER.”

CLAYVON FROM CITIZENS ACADEMY SHARED THIS VERSE: “SPRING, THE FLOWERS BLOSSOM AND THE AIR FEELS AWESOME. THE SUN SHINES BRIGHT. IT FEELS GOOD AT NIGHT. I GO ON SPRING BREAK, THERE IS NOT A SINGLE SNOWFLAKE. I DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT SCHOOL. IF I DO I WOULD BE A FOOL.”

WILLIAM FROM SAINT ANTHONY OF PADUA WROTE: “TODAY I WAS A LITTLE GLOOM BUT THEN I SAW A FLOWER BLOOM. I WASN'T GLOOMY ANYMORE AND I WON'T FOREVER MORE.”

WELL THANK YOU CHLOE, RALPH, IRIS, CLAYVON, AND WILLIAM. WE LOVED GETTING TO CELEBRATE NATIONAL POETRY MONTH WITH YOU! NOW THAT WE'RE ON TO MAY, THE FIRST DAY OF THE MONTH IS MARKED BY A HOLIDAY THAT MOST PEOPLE DON'T KNOW THE BACK STORY TO, THAT'S MAY DAY.

IT MIGHT SOUND LIKE A FUN SPRING DAY, BUT THE HOLIDAY IS ACTUALLY TWO IN ONE. IT DOES CELEBRATE THE BEGINNING OF SPRING, WITH TRADITIONS LIKE DANCING AROUND A MAY POLE, BUT IT ALSO CELEBRATES INTERNATIONAL WORKERS DAY. THIS HOLIDAY IS ONE THAT CELEBRATES THE WORKING CLASS AND COMMEMORATES THE HAYMARKET AFFAIR, THAT'S AN 1886 STRIKE BY WORKERS IN CHICAGO ASKING FOR EIGHT HOUR WORK DAYS, THAT TURNED VIOLENT.

OHIO HAS A HISTORY OF BOTH WORKERS AND EMPLOYERS FIGHTING FOR BETTER WORK ENVIRONMENTS. DARIELLE SNIPES TELLS US A LITTLE MORE IN THIS WEEK'S KNOW OHIO.

KNOW OHIO: GARMENT INDUSTRY [DARRIELLE] IF YOU LOOK ON THE TAGS IN YOUR CLOTHES YOU MIGHT BE SURPRISED TO FIND OUT JUST HOW FAR THEY'VE COME TO MAKE IT ON YOUR BACK. PLACES LIKE CHINA AND VIETNAM ARE HOTSPOTS FOR THE GARMENT INDUSTRY TODAY. BUT WOULD YOU BELIEVE BACK IN THE DAY OHIO WAS ONE OF THE TOP PLACES FOR CLOTHING PRODUCTION IN THE U.S.

IN THE 1920S CLEVELAND ALONE WAS MAKING ALMOST AS MANY GARMENTS AS NEW YORK. BEFORE THEN, THOUGH, IN THE 1800S CLOTHES WERE STILL MADE ALL BY HAND, STITCH BY STITCH. WOMEN SEWED THEIR FAMILY'S CLOTHES.

UNIFORMS, LIKE THOSE FOR THE MILITARY BROUGHT ABOUT THE NEED FOR READY TO WEAR CLOTHING. THAT IS, CLOTHING THAT YOU CAN BUY IN STORES OFF THE RACK. IN THE 1860S READY TO WEAR CLOTHING TOOK OFF. THIS WAS THE RESULT OF A COUPLE OF FACTORS, BETTER STANDARD SIZES WERE DEVELOPED FOR MEN'S AND THEN WOMEN'S CLOTHING. TECHNOLOGY TOOK OFF AND THE POPULATION OF CITIES LIKE CLEVELAND WAS RAPIDLY INCREASING.

THE GARMENT INDUSTRY FOUND A HOME IN CLEVELAND WHERE RESIDENTS WERE WILLING TO WORK HARD. ONE MAJOR EXAMPLE IS THE JOSEPH AND FEISS COMPANY. THE FOUNDER, KAUFMAN KOCH, SET UP SHOP IN CLEVELAND IN 1845. THE COMPANY BECAME KNOWN FOR IT'S $15 MEN'S SUIT, WHICH SOLD UNDER THEIR CLOTHCRAFT BRAND.

IN 1909 RICHARD FEISS, SON OF THE FEISS THAT THE COMPANY WAS NAMED AFTER BECAME MANAGER OF THE FACTORY. HE BROUGHT IN NEW IDEAS TO MAKE THE COMPANY MORE EFFICIENT AND ALSO JUST A NICER PLACE TO WORK IN GENERAL. THEY DESIGNED CHAIRS THAT WERE MORE COMFORTABLE FOR LONG HOURS OF WORK AND HELD SOCIAL EVENTS. THE COMPANY EVEN INTRODUCED A FIVE DAY WORK WEEK IN 1917, WHICH IS WHAT WE STILL HAVE TODAY.

HOWEVER, WHEN BUSINESSES MIGHT HAVE BEEN BOOMING, WORKERS AT MANY FACTORIES WERE STILL FEELING MISTREATED. THEY WORKED VERY LONG HOURS FOR VERY LITTLE PAY. TO HAVE MORE OF A SAY IN THEIR WORK ENVIRONMENTS MANY EMPLOYEES BANDED TOGETHER TO FORM UNIONS. THE UNIONS JOINED FORCES AND THOUSANDS OF EMPLOYEES WENT ON STRIKE TO ASK FOR BETTER WORKING ENVIRONMENTS AND WAGES.

IN 1918, DURING WORLD WAR I, TO AVOID THE HALT AND MAKING WAR UNIFORMS, CLEVELAND MAYOR NEWTON BAKER, WHO WAS ALSO THE UNITED STATES SECRETARY OF WAR STEPPED IN. HE HELPED BOTH SIDES AGREE TO A WAGE INCREASE AND SO PRODUCTION CONTINUED BUT IT COULDN'T LAST FOREVER.

BY THE 1930S THE DECLINE IN CLEVELAND'S GARMENT INDUSTRY WAS UNDERWAY. AFTER ONE LAST BOOST IN PRODUCTION FOR WORLD WAR II, THE INDUSTRY WAS DEFINITELY ON ITS WAY OUT OF HERE. WE COULDN'T CONTINUE TO COMPETE WITH NEW YORK CITY AND OHIO COMPANIES FOUND CHEAPER LABOR IN THE SOUTH AND EVENTUALLY OVERSEAS. AND AS YOU CAN SEE THAT IS STILL WHERE MOST CLOTHES ARE PRODUCED TODAY.

[RICK] THANKS DARIELLE. I ACTUALLY HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO VISIT THE OLD JOSEPH AND FEISS COMPANY PLANT THAT SHE MENTIONED. NOW, THEY OPERATE AS KEYSTONE TAILORED MANUFACTURING, THE LAST SUIT FACTORY STANDING IN CLEVELAND. CHECK IT OUT IN THIS WEEK'S BUCKEYE BEAT. -

BUCKEYE BEAT: CLEVELAND’S LAST SUIT FACTORY

[KENNETH] WE LOVE THE IDEA THAT WE HAVE WORKERS IN THE UNITED STATES THAT ARE MAKING HIGH-END GARMENTS. [RICK] KEYSTONE TAILORED MANUFACTURING IS THE FAMILY OWNED COMPANY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONTINUATION OF SUIT MAKING IN NORTHEAST OHIO. IT'S REHABBED FACTORY OPERATES FROM THE SAME BROOKLYN FACILITY WHERE JUST A FEW YEARS AGO HUGO BOSS MADE MEN'S CLOTHES. HISTORICALLY IT BEGAN AS THE JOSEPH AND FEISS COMPANY, A MAJOR EMPLOYER IN CLEVELAND'S GARMENT HEYDAY, DURING THE DECADE SURROUNDING THE TURN OF THE 18TH CENTURY. KEYSTONE HAND ASSEMBLES MEN'S CLOTHING HERE, PRIMARILY FOR CHICAGO'S W DIAMOND GROUP, CLOTHES BRANDED AS HART SCHAFFNER & MARX, AN UPSCALE LINE FOR WHICH BLAZERS AND SPORTS COATS ROUTINELY SELL AT THE $400 AND UP PRICE POINT. BUT HERE THE DOLLARS THAT TRULY MATTER ARE THOSE THAT LINE THE POCKETS OF LONG-TIME WORKERS.

KENNETH RAGLAND IS THE PRESIDENT OF W DIAMOND GROUP. HE SAYS THE FIRST STEP IN MAKING A SUIT, IS PREPARING THE FABRIC THEY BUY FROM ITALY OR ASIA.

[KENNETH] THERE'S A PAPER PATTERN, WE LAY THAT PATTERN OUT ON TOP OF THE FABRIC, AND WE HAVE A MACHINE THAT ACTUALLY CUTS THE FABRIC INTO THE VARIOUS BODY PIECES, A SLEEVE, A LEG. ONCE THE FABRIC'S BEEN CUT, THE FABRIC IS BROUGHT UPSTAIRS FROM OUR CUTTING ROOM AND THEN IT'S MOVED TO TWO DIFFERENT AREAS.

WE HAVE A PANT SHOP, THAT IS SEWING THE PANTS. COAT SHOP SEWING THE COAT. SO ONE PERSON IS NOT SEWING THE GARMENT FROM START TO FINISH. THERE'S SOMEBODY THAT SPECIALIZES ON THE PANT LEGS, ANOTHER PERSON IS SPECIALIZING ON THE WAIST BAND.

AS THE GARMENT GOES THROUGH, THE COMPONENT PIECES EVENTUALLY DO GET TO A POINT TO WHERE THERE'S A FINAL ASSEMBLY POINT, AND THERE WILL BE A SERIES OF OPERATORS THAT ARE ACTUALLY SEWING THE FINISHED GARMENT. FROM THERE IT GOES TO A PRESSING ROOM WHERE THE GARMENT IS ACTUALLY PRESSED LIKE A DRY CLEANER WOULD DO. AT THAT POINT, PUT IT IN A POLY BAG, IT'S READY TO BE SHIPPED.

[RICK] EACH WORKER HAS THEIR PRECISE TASK AND THE COMPANY IS LOOKING FOR MORE PEOPLE TO HELP. RAGLAND SAYS THEY DON'T HAVE TO HAVE CLOTHING BACKGROUND, JUST A SOLID WORK ETHIC.

[KENNETH] A LOT OF THE SKILLS THAT YOU SEE HERE ARE VERY TRANSFERABLE. PEOPLE OUT OF THE AUTO INDUSTRY, EITHER GOING TO OR COMING FROM. YOU KNOW, WHETHER IT WAS SEWING, YOU KNOW, SEAMS ON CARPET PIECES OR ON SEATS, THINGS OF THAT NATURE. SO THERE'S MULTIPLE APPLICATIONS FOR WHAT WE SEEN CALLED A CUT AND SEW BUSINESS AND THOSE SKILLS BECOME VERY TRANSFERABLE.

[RICK] HE BELIEVES CLEVELAND COULD BE A GARMENT CENTER AGAIN, NOT ON THE SCALE OF THE 1920S BUT SUBSTANTIAL ENOUGH.

[KENNETH] WHAT MAKES CLEVELAND AN OPPORTUNITY FOR OTHERS, IS OTHER PEOPLE IN CLEVELAND THAT ARE STARTING UP BUSINESSES, AND SHOWING THE INITIATIVE TO TRY AND GROW A BUSINESS FROM THIS AREA SPECIFICALLY FROM A DESIGN AND FROM AN AESTHETIC POINT OF VIEW.

[RICK] AND FOR A SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA GUY WHO ALSO SPENT YEARS IN NEW YORK'S FASHION DISTRICT, RELOCATING TO CHICAGO AND COMING TO CLEVELAND, SEVERAL TIMES EACH MONTH, HAS PROVEN TO HIM THAT THE MIDWEST IS MORE THAN CAPABLE OF PROVIDING EVERYTHING THAT NEEDS DONE, NO NEED TO OUTSOURCE, NO NEED TO HAVE THIS WORK FINISHED OVERSEAS.

IT IS A BY AMERICA ATTITUDE BUT HAVING THE SEWING, THE ASSEMBLING, THE FINISHING WORK DONE IN BROOKLYN MADE FINANCIAL SENSE AS WELL.

[KENNETH] WHAT IT WAS TO US, AN OPPORTUNITY, AN OPPORTUNITY TO COME IN, ACQUIRE A FACTORY THAT HAD CAPABILITIES, HAD EQUIPMENT, MACHINERY, JUST THE EQUIPMENT AND THE MACHINERY IN THE BUILDING TO GO OUT AND REPLACE EVERYTHING THAT'S HERE, WOULD EASILY AS A STARTUP, TWO AND A HALF TO THREE MILLION DOLLARS OR MORE, AND YOU JUST DON'T GO BUY THAT EQUIPMENT EVERY DAY OF THE WEEK.

[RICK] NOR COULD THEY FIND WORKERS WITH 15 TO 20 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN THE BUILDING, A PLUS THAT HELPED SEAL UP THE DEAL.

[KENNETH] SO THIS IS A FAMILY BUSINESS TO US. WHEN WE ACQUIRED THE FACTORY FROM HUGO BOSS, THAT WAS ONE OF THE FIRST THINGS THAT WE ENDEAVORED TO BRING OUT WAS THIS IS A FAMILY COMPANY. THERE'S NO PRIVATE EQUITY, THERE'S NO HEDGE FUND MONEYS, NO PRIVATE MONEYS, IT'S MY PARTNER AND MY, OUR PERSONAL MONEY THAT WERE PUT INTO THIS FACTORY AND CONTINUE TO BE PUT INTO THIS FACTORY.

WE FEEL THAT WE'VE TREATED OUR PEOPLE THE WAY THEY WANT TO BE TREATED, THAT IS AS HUMAN BEINGS WITH A SENSE FAIRNESS AND SENSE OF EQUALITY, AND IT'S WHY, YOU KNOW, WE'RE HERE, AND WHY WE CONTINUE TO BE HERE, AND WHY WE'RE GOING TO BE HERE A LONG TIME.

[RICK] KEYSTONE TAILOR DOES SOMETHING ELSE RARE IN THE INDUSTRY THAT ANY ONE OF US CAN TAKE ADVANTAGE OF, PRODUCING THEIR EXCESS MATERIAL INTO SUITS ANYWAY, ALONG WITH EXTRAS OF SOME OF LAST YEAR'S MODELS AND SELLING IT RIGHT OUT OF THE FACTORY AT DEEP DISCOUNTS.

EMPLOYEES BUY HERE, BROOKLYN RESIDENTS TOO. U.S. SENATOR, SHERROD BROWN OFTEN TALKS OF HAVING SUITS THAT WERE MADE IN CLEVELAND, OHIO,

[SHERROD] IF YOU LOOK AT THIS SUIT TODAY, IT SAYS HUGO BOSS, IF YOU LOOK INSIDE THE SUIT, IT SAYS MADE BY UNITE HERE WORKERS.

[RICK] HE WAS AMONG THOSE WHO FOUGHT ALONGSIDE UNION'S AND HOLLYWOOD ACTORS TO KEEP THIS PLACE ALIVE WHEN HUGO BOSS WANTED TO LEAVE IN 2010. RAGLAND SAYS THAT LOYALTY REMAINS.

[KENNETH] YOU KNOW THE GOAL HERE IS TO GROW THE FACTORY AND CONTINUE TO HIRE BACK. THEY'RE CURRENTLY TALKING ABOUT THE FACILITY LETTING OUT IT'S OWN WAISTLINE AND IN A TWIST, MANAGEMENT CREDITS THE UNION HERE FOR A RELATIONSHIP HE TERMED PHENOMENAL.

THE UNION FRANKLY WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN OUR ACQUIRING THIS FACTORY A LITTLE OVER TWO YEARS AGO AND IT JUST FEELS REALLY, REALLY GOOD TO US. [RICK] WHETHER CLEVELAND TURNS TO FORMER GARMENT GLORY UNKNOWN, BUT THIS PLACE AND IT'S HISTORY ARE HERE LONG-TERM. THE FUTURE YOU MIGHT SAY ALL BUT SEWN UP.

[RICK] NOW IT'S NOT JUST ADULTS WHO ARE GETTING INTO MANUFACTURING. SOME COLLEGE STUDENTS IN OHIO PUT THEIR SKILLS TOGETHER, TO HELP A LITTLE BOY IN NEED. MALENA CARUSO HAS THAT STORY.

[MALENA] IN JUST ONE MONTH STUDENTS HERE CREATED THREE PROTOTYPES LIKE THIS ONE AND MADE A FINAL MECHANICAL HAND FOR A THREE-YEAR-OLD BOY. IN JUST THAT ONE MONTH THEY CHANGED HIS LIFE FOREVER. THESE STUDENTS AT NORTHWEST STATE COMMUNITY COLLEGE TOOK ON A LABOR OF LOVE, A BIG IDEA TO CHANGE THE LIFE OF ONE LITTLE BOY WHO WAS BORN WITHOUT HIS RIGHT HAND.

- I THINK WITHIN 30 SECONDS WE WERE JUST LIKE YES. THIS IS SOMETHING WE WOULD REALLY WANT TO DO AND THEN WITHIN FIVE HOURS WE HAD A TEAM OF STUDENTS READY TO GO.

[MELENA] THIS 3D PRINTING MACHINE AND THE BRAINPOWER OF STUDENTS AND FACULTY TOOK THE MODEL OF A MECHANICAL HAND FROM THE INTERNET AND CAME THREE-YEAR-OLD CAMERON THE ABILITY TO HIGH-FIVE, FIST BUMP, AND--

- IN SEVERAL THINGS, HE'S GOING TO BE ABLE TO SWING, SWING HIGHER, FASTER, BECAUSE HE'LL HAVE TWO HANDS TO GRAB ONTO THE SWING. HE PICKED UP KEYS, HE'S GOING TO BE ABLE TO, YOU KNOW, SHAKE OUR HAND.

[MALENA] THE STUDENTS AND STAFF DID ALL OF THIS WORK ON THEIR OWN TIME AND AN ANONYMOUS DONOR SUPPLIED THE FUNDS.

[RICK] THANKS MALENA. WE LOVE SEEING YOUNG PEOPLE LIKE THOSE COLLEGE STUDENTS OR YOU, DOING GREAT THINGS AND THAT'S WHY WE SET UP OUR A+ SECTION. YOU KNOW, WE'RE PRETTY USED TO HEARING FROM TEACHERS ABOUT HOW GREAT THEIR STUDENTS ARE BUT EVERY ONCE IN AWHILE WE HEAR FROM STUDENTS WHO WANT TO TELL US ABOUT A GREAT TEACHER AND THAT'S WHAT WE HAVE FOR YOU TODAY.

WE RECEIVED THIS LETTER FROM SOFIA AT INDEPENDENCE PRIMARY SCHOOL. IT SAYS: “I WANT TO RECOGNIZE MY TEACHER MRS. KLAG. MRS. KLAG IS WONDERFUL AND A SUPPORTIVE TEACHER. SHE TAUGHT ME HOW TO KEEP TRYING. SHE ALWAYS ENCOURAGES OTHERS TO TRY HARDER. SHE ALSO NEVER MAKES YOU FEEL BAD IF YOU NEED EXTRA HELP. MRS. KLAG IS A GENEROUS PERSON. AT LUNCH TIME SHE SAYS HAVE A SCRUNCHY LUNCHY. MRS. KLAG TEACHES SCIENCE, SHE ALWAYS MAKES IT FUN EVEN IF IT IS NOT. MRS. KLAG ALSO SHOWS US BILL NYE THE SCIENCE GUY. MRS. KLAG'S BIRTHDAY WAS A COUPLE DAYS AGO. THIS IS MY PRESENT TO HER. MRS. KLAG HAS SOME PRETTY GOOD STORIES. MRS. KLAG IS ALWAYS ENCOURAGING US TO READ SOMETHING NEW. SHE KNOWS A LOT OF PEOPLE. SHE GOT OUR CHOIR TO SING THE NATIONAL ANTHEM AT A BASEBALL GAME. I HOPE YOU CAN PICK THIS A+.”

SO WE DID! A BIG A+ TO MRS. KLAG AND TO SOFIA FOR HER LOVELY LETTER. NOW THIS WEEK WE WANT YOU TO TAKE SOFIA'S LETTER AS AN EXAMPLE AND WRITE TO US ABOUT A TEACHER THAT YOU ADMIRE AND APPRECIATE. WE WANT TO SHARE YOUR LETTERS NEXT WEEK FOR OUR TEACHER APPRECIATION SHOW!

ALRIGHT LET'S CHECK IN WITH NEWS CAT TO SEE WHO YOU OVER HAVE BEEN ADMIRING IN THIS WEEK'S PETTING ZOO.

HI NEWS CAT FOUND A GOOD STORY? OH, SHE MUST HAVE. HEY, COWS USING A FITNESS TRACKERS, REALLY? TO FIND OUT ABOUT THESE TECH SAVVY MOOO-VERS, CLICK THE PETTING ZOO BUTTON ON OUR WEBSITE.

THANK YOU NEWS CAT. WELL THAT'S GOING TO WRAP IT UP FOR US. TEACHERS DON'T FORGET TO FILL OUT OUR SURVEY ONLINE SO WE CAN HEAR YOUR INPUT ABOUT THE PROGRAM.

AS ALWAYS THERE ARE PLENTY OF WAYS TO GET IN TOUCH WITH US. YOU CAN EMAIL US WE'RE [email protected]. YOU CAN WRITE US, OUR ADDRESS IS 1375 EUCLID AVENUE IN CLEVELAND, 44115 OF COURSE OR YOU CAN TWEET US, WE'RE AT NEWSDEPTHOHIO.

THANKS SO MUCH FOR WATCHING. I'M RICK JACKSON. WE'LL SEE YOU RIGHT BACK HERE NEXT WEEK!

[ANNOUNCER] NEWSDEPTH IS A PRESENTATION OF WVIZ, PBS, IDEASTREAM EDUCATION, AND IS MADE POSSIBLE BY A GRANT FROM THE MARTHA HOLDEN JENNINGS FOUNDATION.