Volume 30, No. 1 January 1985 COURIER Washington, D.C. The National Park Service Newsletter

Mt. McKinley: Alaska's highest ranger station

Mt, McKinley medical camp, Denali National Park.

By Jon Waterman 3,893 men and women have put the the mountain. In 1932, Superintendent Seasonal Mountaineering Ranger soles of their boots on North America's Harry Liek, Ranger Grant Pearson, and Denali National Park highest point. Forty-four have died from two others made the second ascent of various altitude illnesses, crevasse and the mountain. On their descent, the Imagine Mt. McKinley's personality: climbing falls, or extreme weather rangers participated in McKinley's first hidden crevasses and thoughtless conditions. Approximately 50 climbers rescue: two climbers died in a crevasse avalanches, arctic storms that would have had frostbite, which necessitated fall. The ranger team dragged out one of pull the shingles from your roof, or set amputation of fingers and toes. the two bodies, then initiated a search your dog howling, and an iron-cold Accidents are commonplace on a for a third lost member of the beleaguered breath that blackens fingers and toes. mountain that has become a mecca for party. Amidst this cruel entity, there are mountaineering pilgrimages from all In recent years, the Park Service has humanoid forms struggling with heavy over the world. played an increasing role on the loads or altitude sickness in an ecosystem National Park Rangers have been mountain. In the late 1970s, rangers that barely supports aircraft and passing actively involved on Mt. McKinley since made tentative sorties, ten day patrols ravens. 1913, when Harry Karstens (Mt. which amounted to familiarization trips From 1903 to 1984, 7,159 climbers McKinley's first superintendent) and and a chance to contact climbers on have attempted "the mountain," and three others made the first ascent of (continued) ]on Waterman (left). Dr. Eric Larson, VIP. their own turf. Seasonal rangers were hired for their expertise in Alaska Range mountaineering. In the 1980s the rangers moved into a ranger station in Talkeetna, the jumping off point for McKinley climbers. Rangers sought out experienced climbers and developed a Volunteers in the Parks (VIP) program. VIPs were chosen for their backgrounds in winter mountaineering, rescue work, and emergency medicine. In return for assisting the rangers, VIPs were offered an attempt on the summit, providing all was well on the mountain. The program flourished and Denali National Park had found an inexpensive, yet invaluable support system for Mt. McKinley patrols. Rescue assistance was the primary objective for these patrols, but rangers found additional problems with sanitation and trash at the more popular camps on the mountain. A plastic bag Misha Kirk and Eric Larson policy was developed and climbers began to dispose of waste in crevasses. Between 1982 and 1983, rangers, a Student Conservation Association aide, and VIPs assisted the University of Alaska's High Altitude Medical Research Association aide Randy Waitman, plotted littering and two guides were cited for Camp at the 14,000 foot level on the three, thirty-day patrols to base out illegal guiding. The camp was evacuated mountain. Many accidents were prevented of the 14,000 foot medical camp. and flown off on July 4, 1984. and lives saved because of this joint In May, U.S. Army helicopters The medical camp was a success, effort. And the mountain, that silent, (volunteering their time to assist the thanks, in part, to the support of unkempt bulk, was getting groomed. It project) flew in over a ton of medical a strong VIP program. Still, the looked cleaner than it had in years. supplies and gear needed to maintain the mountain's problems are complex, In 1984, the Park Service ran the high altitude medical-ranger station. many-colored and difficult to solve. medical camp on its own. Medical Passing climbers were contacted about Have climbers become over reliant on doctors John Diaz, Eric Larson and preventative medical measures they the medical camp at 14,000 feet? Will Roger Amklov signed up for the VIP could take, and over a dozen climbers crevasses fill to the brims with trash and program, along with Greg Kallio, Misha were treated for frostbite and altitude human waste that can't be carried out? Kirk and Karl Klassen. Rangers Scott sickness. Accidents above the medical Should fly-in toilets be installed? Such Gill, Roger Robinson, Jon Waterman, camp declined. The patrols shifted their questions will test National Park Service newly appointed South District Ranger focus to other problems. For the first mountaineering philosophy for years to Bob Seibert and Student Conservation time, a climber was served a citation for come.

2 COURIER/January Breaking new ground at the Big South Fork

By Steven M. Seven construction of a small campground on Park Ranger the bluffs above the Big South Fork Big South Fork National River and River, plus extensive interpretive and Recreation Area recreational facilities to be built at the river. Interpretive activities centering Ground breaking ceremonies have around the abandoned coal tipple of been held at Big South Fork National Mine 18 will focus on life in the mining River and Recreation Area, Ky.-Tenn., town of Blue Heron. Founded in the to formally begin construction on the early 1930s, Blue Heron and Mine 18 Blue Heron Recreational Complex. were finally closed in the mid 60s. The Named for the abandoned community of area will further be developed to provide Blue Heron and located in the Kentucky facilities for picnicking, hiking, portion of the national area, Blue Heron swimming, fishing and canoeing, 'all will be the second recreational complex major recreational activities of Big to be developed in the Big South Fork. South Fork. Enabling legislation passed in 1974, Another area under construction is the created Big South Fork National River Bandy Creek project. Begun almost two and Recreational Area and made working years ago, this is the first recreational partners of the U.S. Army Corps of complex to be developed at the Big South Engineers and the National Park Service. Fork. Located in Tennessee, Bandy Creek While this may be a unique pairing of is scheduled for completion in late 1985. talents, the relationship has been most When open, the complex will provide harmonious and productive. Facilities at facilities for trailer, tent, and group Big South Fork are designed and developed camping, as well as a camp store, an by the Corps and when completed, turned activities building, canoe rental and river over to the Park Service for management. trips, and a horse livery, plus access to Corps plans at Blue Heron call for the both hiking and equestrian trails. Big South Fork River Gorge.

Candles light the way at Fort Vancouver

By Glenn Baker Management Assistant Fort Vancouver NHS

A candlelight tour through the buildings of a reconstructed 19th century fort. Hardly an original interpretive device, but judging from the enthusiastic reaction of local visitors, one might think the staff and volunteers at Fort Vancouver National Historic Site, Wash., had invented the idea. Such was the public response to Fort Vancouver's second annual candlelight tour held last October. Superintendent James Thomson put it all in perspective: "We don't take any credit for the idea of conducting interpretive tours by candlelight", he said. "But we do take a little bit of credit for turning that idea into an unqualified success here." The original fort was the Hudson's Bay Company's fur trade headquarters (From left) Fort Vancouver VIPs Clay She/ton, Marv Benson, and Art Wagner as "Hudson's Bay for the Oregon country, consisting of Company gentlemen"playing cards in public mess hall. present-day Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and British Columbia. From 1825 to 1846, Fort Vancouver was the symbol of Britain's superior claim to the Pacific phased out, and in 1860, were transferred Fortunately, a significant portion of Northwest at a time when America was to Victoria, British Columbia. The fort the fort has been reconstructed by the still in her expansion period. After our and its buildings were destroyed in a Park Service. Since 1966, the stockade, country gained control of the region in series of fires that by 1866 had erased bastion, Chief Factor's House, kitchen, 1846, operations at the fort were gradually all surface evidence that it ever existed. (continued)

COURIER/January 3 bakery, blacksmith shop, and a dispensary- to be coached on appropriate behavior crowd we drew when we first tried this Indian trade store have been rebuilt in and dialogue. Volunteer guides were program a year ago. Because of the their exact locations. This was just required to keep the crowds moving various bottlenecks caused by visitors enough reconstruction to make the idea along the tour route. Local media had to stopping too long at the more interesting of a candlelight tour worth pursuing. be sold on the idea that a candlelight points along the tour route, some of Organizing the program was no small tour of Fort Vancouver was an event them were forced to wait in line almost task. A sufficient number of candles and worth telling the public about. an hour before they even reached the lanterns were needed to light the "This year's candlelight tour was fort gates", he said. Plans are already buildings and establish an illuminated almost too successful", Superintendent underway for running next years tour route outside. Period clothing had Thomson noted. "The word had gotten candlelight tour an additional day to be matched with the right staff around, and our attendance jumped to to accommodate the crowds. member or volunteer. Role players had 3,000 visitors this time, about twice the

Search and rescue at Rocky Mountain

By Michael T. Smithson accomplish the same mission in a few of searchers were air-lifted to the Park Technician hours. Continental Divide. Smaller helicopters Rocky Mountain National Park Last summer, Captain Charles Carrico such as "Flight for Life" and "Air Life" of the 179th Aviation Company, and his are used extensively for most of the The cargo bay doors opened as we crew held a helicopter rescue and safety park's rescue operations. approached the ledge where the injured session for more than 50 National Park The park staff has worked cooperatively climber lay. A ranger clipped into a Service personnel at Rocky Mountain with dozens of different Governmental rope, disappeared over the edge and was National Park. The session focused on and volunteer agencies to develop a lowered to the climbers below. An using the Chinook's winch to raise and professional search and rescue team empty litter followed, and within lower rescuers, litters, and supplies to capable of quickly responding to minutes the injured person was hoisted areas too small for normal helicopters to emergency situations. This year alone, to the helicopter and rushed to the land. The Chinook, capable of flying over 1,200 hours of search and rescue hospital. Ten years ago this rescue could 140 m.p.h., can carry large search and training have been completed by the have taken two days. But now, with the rescue teams and their gear to the staff. With the Army's help, we can help of a Chinook helicopter from the summit or ridge of any Colorado peak. increase our ability to serve visitors U.S Army's 179th Aviation Company in It has been used a number of times in in need. Colorado, Rocky Mountain National the peaks, including the search for a Park's search and rescue team can 12-year old boy in 1982, when hundreds

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Captain Charles Carrico demonstrates the proper way to sit on the penetrator. A Park Ranger is lowered from a hovering Army Chinook helicopter in a search and rescue exercise.

4 COURIER/January Lincoln Home celebrates Lincolnfest 84

By Stephen N. Chaffee Supervisory Park Technician Lincoln Home National Historic Site

Lincoln Home National Historic Site, 111., celebrated Independence Day 1984, in an enthusiastic and patriotic show of American themes and traditions. The city of Springfield hosted America's largest free street festival when 18 city blocks were miraculously transformed overnight into one gigantic "Lincolnfest" extravaganza, teeming with music and merriment, food and fireworks. Live jazz, country, traditional and folk music, parades, craft demonstrations, and a Civil War encampment, were just a few of the activities enjoyed by over 250,000 "fest-goers." Those wishing to escape the hot pavement, high decibel rock-and-roll, and concession stands found a more relaxed and reflective pace at Lincoln Home National Historic Site. Near the front steps of the home, a steady flow of festival-goers gathered under large basswood trees to view the work of local Park Technician Judith Winkelmann strolls with fest-goers. craftsmen from the Clayville Rural Life Center. Spinning and weaving, quilting, chair caning, oil painting, and log interpretation of the exercises performed. of national pride, patriotism and furniture construction demonstrations Abraham Lincoln and Ulysses S. Grant independence—a celebration of American helped bridge the gap to a simpler epoch look-alikes, signed autographs and values, ideals and traditions. Lincoln home of American life. Abraham Lincoln shook hands with surprised admirers. volunteers and staffers are optimistic that sculptor John Frank, exhibited several Now in its fourth season, Lincolnfest Lincolnfest 85 will prove equally remarkable walnut likenesses of the continues to serve as a joyous expression rewarding for Americans of all ages. Great Emancipator. For Lincoln Home visitors, the wait to enter was forgotten in the excitement of period dances, banjos, violins, zithers and hand-clapping. The spirited danced Lincoln Boyhood's great flagstaff to the foot-tapping, knee-slapping square dance music of the Allen Street String Sue Dickens, Sharon Wertman inches above ground, comparable to a Band. Others enjoyed ballads, traditional Park Technicians 12-story building; and research indicates and folk music while straddling bales of Lincoln Boyhood NM an additional 12 feet below ground. The straw. The Camp Fuller Music Fife and pole weighs approximately nine tons and Drum Corps struck a patriotic note with is constructed of tapered steel sections. "Yankee Doodle" and "The Battle Hymn How tall is your flagpole? At Lincoln Atop the flagpole rests an ornamental of The Republic." Boyhood National Memorial, Ind., we tell visitors that our flagstaff may be the gold ball. The two halyards, each A day in the life of a Civil War era tallest in the National Park System. 250-feet in length, pass through the soldier came dramatically alive for To see if our assumption is valid, we pulleys mounted on the "truck" at the thousands of Lincolnfest celebrants. An measured our flagpole and challenge top. The halyard set-up enables us to authentic Civil War encampment, located you to do the same. more easily raise and lower the large near the backyard of the home was visited Our flagstaff has been described as flags. by over 8,000 fest-goers. Many witnessed "lofty," "soaring," "mammoth," The "everyday" flag measures 9 X 17 the raising and lowering of the Colors to "monumental," and "towering." Its feet. The huge "garrison" flag, flown on the sounds of drum and bugle and black reputation was well-established in 1955, holidays and other special occasions, powder rifles. Cavalry and infantry when K. L. Rains agreed to paint the requires four to six people to raise, units performed saber and rifle firing Indiana State Park flagpoles "for the lower, and fold. The nylon garrison flag drills to enthusiastic viewers. Wilson's sum of $15 a piece." He made one measures 20 X 38 feet and weighs 45 Creek National Battlefield Historian exception, however; painting the pounds. Experience has proven that the Richard Hatcher and Dr. Karl Luthin flagpole at Lincoln Boyhood would cost larger the flag, the less it whips (and the of the 7th Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, $45 "as it is about 125 feet high." better it looks on what we believe to be provided drill onlookers with a descriptive Rain's estimate was not far off. The the tallest flagpole in the Park System. pole was measured in March 1983, by a The great flagpole at Lincoln Boyhood, licensed surveyor. It soars 120 feet, three (continued)

COURIER/January 5 first stood in the traffic island in what is white, and blue above the treetops. The now the memorial visitor center parking sight of the American flag on our grand area. Erected by the Indiana Lincoln flagpole warms the hearts of many Union, it was dedicated on July 12,1931. travelers and visitors. We, the staff, are The pole was erected because landscape also awed by the flagpole and take great architect Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., pride in it. believed that "there is one, and only Because this pole is special, we at one, large and conspicuous object, Lincoln Boyhood would like to know if idealistic in significance, that could be our assumption is correct. To find out, used as the dominant object" to the we issue this challenge: Measure your entrance of Nancy Lincoln's gravesite— tallest flagpole from the ground to the "that is the great flagpole bearing the tip. (This should not include the height American Flag." In 1939, Olmsted of a building or any other object on submitted a landscape and architectural which the pole may be mounted. The plan to fit the "scale of the flagstaff." height should only be of the flagpole.) Upon completion of this plan in 1944, Please submit the measurement and the flagpole was moved to the hill near pertinent information to: Lincoln the burial site of Abraham Lincoln's Boyhood National Memorial, Lincoln mother. City, Indiana 47552, by March 31, 1985. From this knoll, the flagpole is visible We will publish the results of our four miles away on U.S Highway 231. challenge in mid-1985. Travelers can catch glimpses of red, Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial flagpole.

Canyonlands anniversary

By Ronald Thoreson scene pounded through our veins, as if of Arches National Monument, and Bates Park Ranger the once too insolent flesh was protesting Wilson by name, who had a dream. Canyonlands National Park over this sudden dwarfing comparison of Bates likes to recall his first view of its puniness to the mighty forces of what was later to become Canyonlands It could have been part of one vast nature." National Park. He saw the rugged park known as Escalante, this "most Both Brown and Olcott were involved landscape, trisected by the Green and fantastic colored jumble of natural in what, by this time, had become an Colorado Rivers, from the tandem seat wonders" as Bates Wilson, the first ambitious project —the surveying of of a small Piper flown by a local bush superintendent described it.That is just lands for one all-encompassing park that pilot. What he saw totally captivated one of the intriguing stories associated would have included much of southern him: with Canyonlands National Park, which Utah and northern Arizona. And, "There were arches, spires, rugged reached the 20th anniversary of its interestingly enough, the name suggested canyons, crevasses and fins, stitched establishment on September 12, 1984. for this proposal was "Canyonlands." together with little green grabens. A When Natural Bridges National That the name was not then used is large number of still-intact pre-historic Monument, Utah, was created by the largely attributed to the objections of Indian ruins were visible as I looked Presidental Proclamation of Teddy one man, Frederick Law Olmsted, son of down upon this rainbow-hued land. To Roosevelt in 1908, there were already the Frederick Law Olmsted who designed a Park Service official, it was the reports circulating of even more scenic Central Park in New York City. "The proverbial pot of gold..." treasures to be found in southeast Utah. Canyon lands of Utah' is by no means Over the next several years, and for As visitation increased and travel fully satisfactory for the area we are the rest of his career, Wilson endeavored became easier, it was apparent that there reporting on," Olmsted commented. "It to explore by jeep, horse, and foot, was indeed a region of such deep, does sound like the title of a book. . . what he had seen spread below him so labyrinthine canyons, magnificent that the people of Utah would naturally magically that day. He also set about flowing rivers, and monumental geologic assume such a title to refer to the telling others of his dream for a national rarities. Those who viewed the grandeur canyons of the Dinosaur Region, rather park. were mightily impressed, if not stunned. than the region south of the Book Cliffs, For the resurrection of the name Consider the following passage, penned is a very serious objection." So the name "Canyonlands," however, full credit back in the 1930s by then Park Service "Escalante" was chosen for the proposed must be given to former Secretary of the Recreational Planner Paul V. Brown, in national park, acknowledging the earliest, Interior, Stewart Udall. After an a report written to Park Planner George brief explorations in the area by the extensive, on-the-spot tour of the lands W. Olcott: Dominguez-Escalante expedition of 1776. which had once again been proposed for "Do you recall that first terrifying Olmsted, it was said, was not particularly park status in the late 1950s, Udall made revolt of our physical bodies at being pleased with this choice either. an enthusiastic comment: "Acre for acre, subjected to such overwhelming and The Escalante park movement may the canyon lands of Utah are the most unaccustomed scale of landscape as we have grown, were it not for the spectacular in the world." The term looked down—down—down into the intervention of World War II. When the Canyon Lands" captured the imagination abyss of that writhing cataclysm? Back idea expired while national interests of the press. Olmsted's objections not in normal surroundings, it is easy to were directed toward the war effort, the withstanding, they turned it into one smile in recollection of the violent denial name of Canyonlands may have gone with word, and from that time forward there that rose within us as the shock of that it. Yet back in Utah was a man, custodian were never any doubts about the name

6 COURIER/January of the newly-proposed park. It survived geologic marvels in abundance, there is Anasazi Indian viewed an arch or the three years of survey and controversy, history to be found here, too. Tales of confluence of two mighty rivers, or how and when at last, on September 12, Butch and Sundance and the early cowboy often a cowboy waxed poetic over seeing 1964, the bill was signed by President line camps. Stories of hunting desert the moon rise over a collection of Johnson, it was to establish bighorn with atal-atals and spear points, eroded rock sculpture, yet we are sure "Canyonlands National Park." or raising corn, beans, and squash on that when we see such sights, there is Today, the name Canyonlands conjures the dry mesa tops, as the first human some linkage with the elemental forces up for a whole generation of Americans settlements are recounted. The tales of nature which we recognize. We feel who have come to know it, an image of persist, for the land wrought rugged and that others who have traveled amidst wild and primitive country with the adaptable people, as individually unique these colored canyons before us must flavor of the long lost West still as the stone monuments that surrounded have felt it too. lingering over it. For, in addition to them. We may never know how an

representations of the fort located in Christiansted National Historic Site the Royal Library and the Rigsarkiv in Copenhagen, and at the Trade and Shipping Museum at Kronborg Castle, By F. Kenneth Barta did in the mid-19th century. This meant Helsingor, Denmark, also corroborated Park Historian a radical change of color from a blood- the use of the yellow wash on the walls Christiansted NHS, V.I. red, the color it was painted in 1910, to of the fort. Nonetheless, many local a yellow-ochre, its color during the people were surprised at the color Activity has been the byword at 1800s. The old paint was cleaned off by change because the fort had been red as Christiansted National Historic Site in blasting with walnut shells which are less long as their grandparents could the United States Virgin Islands in recent abrasive than sand or glass beads. The remember. Consequently, the park staff years, as major restoration work has yellow-ochre color was determined by undertook an active public relations been undertaken. Christiansted was scientific analysis of samples of various effort to communicate these findings, established in 1952 to preserve the layers of plaster and paint taken from as well as preservation philosophy in striking Danish colonial architecture the walls of the fort and analyzed at the general, to the local community. remaining from the 18th and 19th century Southeast Region Division of Cultural when this Caribbean seaport was the Research. More evidence was found by (continued) hub of Danish West Indian sugar trade. examining the numerous bills which existed Fort Christiansvaern is a prime example for frequent painting, stuccoing, and of 17th and 18th century Danish military limewashing of the fort. Very often, architecture. It has been replastered, "recipes" for the color mix were limewashed, and painted to appear as it included. Contemporary graphic

Maintenance Supervisor Philbert Baptiste fashioned the curved plane to recreate copies of the original molding used in window frames of the steeple building. Inner courtyard of Fort Christiansvaern.

COURIER/January 7 Joseph Alexander, master carpenter, hand planing shutter frame for the steeple building.

The steeple building, formerly the company. The tower clock mechanism is The interpretive staff of the historic site Church of Our Lord God of Sabaoth, being reworked at the NPS conservation has been augmented by the appointments completed in 1753, was Saint Croix's laboratory at Harpers Ferry. When it is of F. Kenneth Barta as historian and first Lutheran Church. After 1831, the completed, the town will once again William F. Cissel as curator. Both men building ceased being a house of worship have the privilege of hearing it strike are tenth generation Virgin Islanders. It when the congregation moved to a larger the hours as it did one hundred years is hoped that Christiansted National edifice. Today, this same building is ago. Historic Site will become a research being used as a museum by the Park The scalehouse contained the facilities center for all those interested in the Service. for weighing and inspecting imports and history of the Danish West Indies. The Park Service is fortunate to have exports. Built in the mid-1800s, the Material from the Royal Archives in a maintenance crew of unusually skilled structure will be stripped of all plaster Copenhagen and the National Archives craftsmen who are duplicating methods and stucco to bare masonry, replastered in Washington, will be microfilmed and and materials of the past. There is such and coated with an acrylic-lime wash. deposited in air-conditioned rooms at tremendous pride in their adherence to The Old Custom House, also completed the fort for scholarly research. New the old standards of workmanship that in the mid-1800s, now houses the exhibits are also being created for the Philbert Baptiste, maintenance administrative offices of Christiansted scalehouse, the steeple building, and the supervisor, has designed his own planes National Historic Site. The interior was fort, which will stress social history, to follow the contours of the original renovated, making the office more the plantation system, architecture, and mouldings. In describing the processes liveable while preserving the old military history. Major emphasis will involved in accurately re-creating the architectural elements. All of these be placed on providing professional construction of the past, he said, "You highly technical projects are under the curatorial care to the museum collections have to work with what you have to get ever-watchful eyes of Phil Springer, which include the Folmer Andersen what you want in achieving the final project supervisor, who has been Collection, the most significant product." Mahogany wood has been assigned to Christiansted for the assemblage of West Indian archeological used for the reconstructed windows, past three years. material. The catalog system will be door frames, and shutters. All joints The major issue for discussion during entered onto the park's microcomputer are morticed, tenoned, and pegged, as the site's upcoming general management to improve accountability and in the 18th century. plan will be removal of public parking conservation scheduling. Termite and dry rot damage was so lots. Landscaping will be undertaken to Christiansted National Historic Site extensive that the cupola of the tower restore the historic ambience of the and its sister park, Buck Island Reef had to be removed, and when taken grounds in a setting many consider to be National Monument, are under the down, it fell apart. It will be the most picturesque harbor in the West direction of Superintendent Tom reconstructed on the site by a local Indies. Bradley.

8 COURIER/January Park Briefs

SANTA MONICA MOUNTAINS NRA, Calif. - A unique "Gifts of Land" booklet has been mailed to landowners. While publications outlining donation methods and other private efforts to protect and resources are not new, the "Gifts of Land" brochure is believed to be the first such National Park Service publication to concentrate on the needs of a single park. The "Gifts of Land" booklet discusses full and partial land donations, donations with reserved uses, bargain sales, easements, and bequests. The majority (From left) Perry Denton, president, Carlsbad Caverns Natural History Association Board of of these gift methods have tax Directors; G. D. O'Brien, manager of Exploration Training, Shell Oil Companies; and advantages for landowners. All of Superintendent William W. Dunmire. the methods would protect scenery and resources in the Santa Monica Mountains, while certain methods would CARLSBAD CAVERNS NP, N. Mex.- Superintendent Dunmire said, "The provide more public access. The Shell Companies Foundation of present exhibits in the Carlsbad Caverns "We have had good response to these Houston, Texas, has contributed $50,000 Visitor Center are among the oldest in methods in past negotiations with toward a major museum rehabilitation the National Park System and are landowners," stated Superintendent project at the park. The money will be outdated both in style and content." Daniel Kuehn. "We hope the booklet used to produce a large three dimensional The rehabilitation project will include will inspire people's natural generosity model of the cavern. This will be part of constructing all new interpretive toward a good cause and that it will also the first major rehabilitation of the park exhibits, producing an audiovisual let them know about the advantages of visitor center since it was constructed 30 program on cave information, converting making the gift." years ago. one room into a small theater, and Five gifts of land totaling 130 acres The donation was made to the Carlsbad producing the cave model exhibit. have already been received. In addition, Caverns Natural History Association, Construction is scheduled to start more than $2,000,000 in partial a non-profit cooperating association in January. donations have resulted in land for formed in the 1950s for the purpose of Dunmire stated that NPS is extremely public use and tax advantages for the providing aid to the park's educational grateful for the Shell Companies landowners. program. The association is also donation and added that it will help providing an additional $10,000 for the National Park Service to provide production of a movie on bats which a quality, educational experience for YELLOWSTONE NP - The annual will be available for year-round showing visitors. Christmas Bird Count, one of over 1,400 in the visitor center. similar counts throughout the world, was held on December 15 in Gardiner, Montana. The birders paid a S3 fee to help defray publication costs. The GEORGE ROGERS CLARK NHP, (that area bordered by the Appalachian National Audubon Society, sponsor of Ind.- The second annual George Rogers Mountains, Mississippi River, Great the event, will publish the results in Clark Trans-Appalachian Frontier History Lakes, and Gulf of Mexico) during its the July 1985 issue of their journal, Conference was held on October 20. Co- early history. The historic importance of "American Birds." sponsored by the park and Vincennes Vincennes and the great significance of This marked the 85th anniversary of University, the meeting featured papers George Rogers Clark's capture of British- the original Christmas Bird Count, taken on Clark's troops, British soliders, held Fort Sackville, located there, makes on Christmas Day, 1900, by birders in frontier rangers, fur traders, and pioneer Vincennes the logical location for such a 25 locations, mostly around major stereotypes. Of the many historical gathering. It is hoped that the papers northeastern cities. Since then, the conferences held each year across the from the first conferences will be annual event has grown from its original nation, this is the only one which published in the near future. 25 counts to last season's 1,460. focuses on the Trans-Appalachian region

COURIER/January 9 FREDERICKSBURG AND SPOTSYLVANIA NMP, Va.- "We have tried to sell it several times, and even tried to give it away if someone would move it," Superintendent Jim Zinck said. The "it" is a 120-ton, steel-reinforced, 72-foot-tall structure on the historic landscape. In 1972, the National Park Service acquired the silo with a tract of land on the wilderness battlefield. The problem had centered around removing this highly intrusive structure without expending Government funds. The bids for contractors to remove the silo ranged from $20,000 to $25,000. But, the problem was solved when the National Guard Unit in Fredericksburg was looking for a structure to perform realistic training for their demolition specialists. After a year's planning, the silo came down on October 13. Superintendent Zinck said he is extremely pleased with the final work performed by the unit. "The silo is removed and we can now provide visitors with a better view of the 1862 historic scene," he said.

MOUND CITY GROUP NM, Ohio- effigy pipe replicas, and other materials On October 9, the national monument relating to the prehistoric Hopewell recorded its two millionth visitor. Indians. The gift package was donated Official record-keeping began in 1946. by Eastern National Park and Monument Rebecca Miller of Westville, Ohio, was Association, which operates the sales congratulated by Superintendent Ken outlet at the visitor center. Mrs. Miller Apschnikat and presented with a gift was accompanied by her husband, Ron, package of books, slides, postcards, and their son, Marcus.

HERBERT HOOVER NHS, Iowa- which approached $1.2 million. On October 13, Superintendent Malcolm Iowa Governor Terry Branstad helped Berg presented a plaque and letter on with the trail dedication and commented behalf of Interior William Clark to that the designation would put Iowa on the Linn County Conservation Board the national map of trails published by designating the Cedar Valley Nature NPS. Trail a national recreation trail. Eight years in the making, the 52-mile Superintendent Berg applauded the trail was built on the abandoned cooperative efforts of several private, railroad bed of the Waterloo, Cedar nonprofit organizations for overcoming Falls and Northern Railroad. It is the the many financial and legal obstacles longest trail in Iowa and connects the during the development of the trail. A Cedar Rapids and Waterloo metro areas. £? 3 S50,000 Federal grant from the Land and The trail is open year-round for hikers, •O <*] Water Conservation Fund contributed joggers, bicyclists, cross-country skiers, toward the trail development costs, and nature study groups. i c o c YELLOWSTONE NP - MacMinn been closed to winter travel since the o -) Bench, located near the north entrance outbreak of Chlamydia among the bighorn of the park, reopened for winter use on sheep in 1981-1982. Two hiking trails November 20. The area is open from have been established for access to the I 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. daily. It had area. e

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10 COURIER/January NPS people in the news

Kudos for Kirkens

Vern Kirkens, a maintenance mechanic of medical attention. Marais for safe keeping during his at Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore, "His observations made it obvious to hospitalization and after his release Mich., was commended by Superintendent him I was in need of medical attention, took him to his car for the trip home. Grant Peterson for his response to an although I claimed to be all right," "The public will always have a safe emergency that resulted in saving the life Curtis said in his letter. place to enjoy our nation's natural of William A. Curtis, a national lakeshore Kirkens radioed for assistance and an beauty with such personnel and the visitor. ambulance took Curtis to a hospital in services rendered by the National Park Curtis hand-delivered a letter to the Munising, where he was hospitalized for Service," Curtis said. superintendent to express his thanks for more than a week. The superintendent told Kirkens, the life-saving assistance he received "Without this hospitalization, I would "Your action and concern for a member from Kirkens. have died within a matter of hours," of the public we serve, brings credit not While Curtis was camped at the Beach Curtis said. only to yourself but to NPS as well. I Campground, Kirkens noticed that he Curtis added that Park Service commend you for a job well done. Your looked ill and asked if he was in need employees also took his car to Grand action was exemplary."

Landmark coordinator keeps step with history

by Arthur Miller Public Affairs Officer, MARO

A regional landmark coordinator makes a lot of house calls. As coordinator for the Mid-Atlantic, North Atlantic, National Capital and part of the Midwest Regions, Gene Peluso keeps track of some 830 outstanding national historic landmarks in 17 States. On his appointed rounds, he touches the history of many eras since these landmarks illustrate many aspects of America's history and prehistory. As he visits each site, he takes careful note of the maintenance of the property, its use by the owner, its surroundings, its boundaries and any threats to its status as a landmark. Often he is accompanied by an official from the State's Historical Preservation Office. Other times the superintendent of a nearby national park area will volunteer to make the site inspection. o At an owner's request, Peluso may offer advice on historic preservation problems and techniques, or put the Harold Littleton (right), President of Lombardy Hall Foundation, and Gene Peluso. owner in contact with an expert on the regional staff who can assist with a problem. Recently, a typical visit took him to the 1750 stone home near Wilmington, Delaware, that was once owned by a Littleton related how two centuries Grand Lodge of Delaware of the Masons. signer of the Constitution. Peluso was ago Lombardy Hall was the home of As he glanced around , Peluso was met by Harold "Jack" Littleton, Gunning Bedford, Jr. Bedford, a lawyer pleased to see that the handsome Georgian president of the Lombardy Hall who served as a delegate to the Continental residence was being exceptionally well Foundation and a retired chemical Congress and later the Constitutional cared for by its present owners, Granite engineer with the DuPont Company. Convention in Philadelphia, was an Lodge No. 34 of the Ancient Free and outspoken champion of the rights of Accepted Masons. small States like Delaware. He later The Delaware Masons, who bought the served as the first grand master of the (continued)

COURIER/January 11 property in 1967, restored it to its original appearance when Bedford lived there. It is used as a meeting hall and a museum for the lodge. They proudly open it to the public on special occasions and by appointment to civic, historical and school groups. "At the time we bought it," Littleton recalled, "the house had been used by an undertaker for the cemetery next door. There was talk of building a service station directly in front of it and turning the house into an antique store." But historic preservation won out. Littleton said the Masons raised funds to install a new roof, repaired the two large chimneys, replaced windows and doors, added supports in the basement and repainted the interior as it had been when the Bedfords lived at Lombardy. "We did it all on our own," he smiled. "Every Tuesday we had volunteers out here scraping, painting and doing carpentry work. It worked out fine— and it's paid for!" Peluso thanked his host for the tour and complimented the masons on their 1 authentic restoration of the house. Later, he sat down to fill out his inspection report. He had no trouble at all rating o Lombardy Hall as "Priority 3" a well- kept historic landmark which faces "no threat or anticipated threat to its cultural Gene Peluso (right) runs over his checklist with Harold Littleton. integrity."

Anzelmo to Great Falls Park

Joan M. Anzelmo, public information officer for Yellowstone National Park, has been named site manager of Great Falls Park in McLean, Va. Great Falls Park is a scenic natural area located on the Potomac River and is administered as part of the George Washington Memorial Parkway. As site manager, Anzelmo is responsible for operation of the 800-acre park, including administration, visitor services, maintenance, protection activities, and search and rescue operations. Anzelmo began her career with the Park Service at the National Visitor Center in 1976 as a park technician, conducting tours of the Washington, D.C. area for official visitors and coordinating special events. In 1978, she was named chief, Division of Visitor Services at the National Visitor Center and served in that capacity until her appointment to Yellowstone in 1980. In Yellowstone, Anzelmo managed one of the largest field Public Information Bicentennial activities in 1981. She was A native of Washington, D.C, Offices in the National Park System. also head of the Park Service Information Anzelmo studied French, Spanish, and During her tenure there, she served on Exhibits at the three Olympic Villages Italian in Geneva, Switzerland, and the special event team for the Yorktown during the 1984 summer games in Los completed her B.A. at the University Angeles. of Maryland, College Park, in 1975.

12 COURIER/January Special People

Age no barrier in Olympic VIP program

Nelsa and "Buck" Buckingham at work in the herbarium. Brian Thomas.

By Margaret E. Ellis students from places as far away as cataloguing and organizing the 30,000 Public Affairs Specialist, PNRO Slippery Rock, Pa., working on internships species in the park's herbarium ("plant to complete their degrees. Last summer, morgue," they call it) since before Brian Thomas is a courier for the Stoudt manned information booths, led Olympic had an official VIP program. rangers at Sol Due Hot Springs. He meadow walks and conducted a Junior This work is just the preliminary to their receives radio-phone messages from Ranger program Saturday mornings for ultimate project—unraveling the plant Carol, a Volunteer in the Parks (VIP) local children, while Caldwell served history of the Olympic Peninsula. and wife of Seasonal Ranger Lloyd as a backcountry ranger at Ozette. The park does not have funding for Hickerson, and delivers them posthaste. Other volunteers staff the visitor's the kind of painstaking research the Along with two of the Hickerson boys, center and work on exhibits. Pat Buckinghams are voluntarily conducting. he also cleans litter from trails and Burkhardt, a teacher at Peninsula It is, of course, invaluable to understanding campgrounds and sweeps the interpretive College, is building a "hands-on" plant the complete history of this unique park, amphitheatre of pine needles and debris. collection. Elwha Indian, Darryl Charles, a biosphere with World Heritage status. Too small to wear the official VIP demonstrates native beadwork, fashioning A pristine area, Olympic National Park uniform, Brian is furnished instead, with headbands, knife sheaths and belts, while is surrounded on three sides by salt a special cap. He doesn't mind. He is interpreting local Indian craft and water, and contains more than 60 peaks only eight years old and the youngest culture to fascinated visitors. and ridges that extend 7,000 feet, none "official" in Olympic National Park, There is an "Adopt-a-Trail" program more than 30 miles inland. Because there Wash. for couples like Robert and Roberta is no orderly north-south pattern of Brian has a natural interest in his work. Baldwin, retirees willing to assume the ridges, as in the Cascade Range, there are His father is sub-district ranger at Lake light maintenance of a trail. There are extreme differences in rainfall as well as Crescent and his mother, Wilma, is one of group programs, such as the Eagle Scout in elevation. Mt. Olympus, for example, many park wives on 24-hour VIP call-up, project to establish a trailhead, receives 20 feet of rain a year, while 34 taking part in roving patrols, flagging install signposts and a comfort miles east, Sequim gets less than 17 traffic, administering first-aid and station. There are VIPs translating park inches. The effect is a wide variety providing advice and information when handouts into German, Japanese and of habitats and a very complex plant uniformed personnel are unavailable. Spanish. distribution. There is a wide range of Brian's four-year-old sister, Betsy, is And there are the Buckinghams, species in the park. Some are found excluded from VIP service, he explains, builders of the park's herbarium, who, nowhere else in western Washington. only until she gets over being too little. this year alone, logged some 3,080 They have survived, it appears, sheltered Not all of Olympic's 121 volunteers volunteer hours at the park. by their unusual habitat, while elsewhere their species perished under climatic are "park families." Some, like Kent Nelsa and Herbert W. "Buck" Caldwell and Christine Stoudt, are Buckingham have been verifying, (continued)

COURIER/January 13 stresses, such as those imposed during and stored in the park's protected sealed per hour. the glacial area. cabinets that smell of mothballs to keep It isn't just the dollar savings that Nelsa and Buck have spent thousands out insects that might eat the dried benefit the park. Of greater value is the of hours organizing, classifying and plants. time and expertise spent on research building the park's plant collection. The couple visits other herbaria, in projects that would otherwise be short- They make periodic forays into the Washington and in Victoria, B. C, handed or left undone, the care given to park, setting up a base camp to search checking to compare varieties of known trails, the attention given to visitors, and for specimens. They preserve the plants Olympic plants and to identify others the special programs offered to children. in zip-lock bags containing wet paper unknown in the park collection. So far, More precious still is the enthusiasm towels before bringing them home to dry they have identified 1500 species and infused into the park by the untiring and press. Nelsa claims her living room varieties of vascular plants found on the volunteers, from 73-year-old Buck in his is virtually furnished with stacks of Peninsula. herbarium, to eight-year-old Brian, home-made wooden presses, newspaper As of last August, Olympic National eagerly reaching for his volunteer cap, and corrugated cardboard, necessary for Park had 126 VIPs. This dedicated his messenger bike and his broom. the procedure. The dried specimens are group had donated 35,789 hours at a mounted on paper, classified, labeled cost to the Government of only 18 cents

Darryl Charles at work in the visitors center (From left) Hickerson boys, and Brian Thomas sweeping amphitheater.

The Hickerson "park"family.

14 COURIER/January Awards

Efforts to make Statue of Liberty/Ellis Island accessible to disabled people recognized

On November 16, the National Park Service received a Special Recognition Award from the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped (PCEH) for its efforts to assure that the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island will be accessible to disabled visitors, following the major renovations currently underway. The award was presented to Director Dickenson by Harold E. Russell, Chairman of the President's Committee, at a special awards presentation and press conference held at the Department of the Interior. Shortly after plans for renovation and restoration of the Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island were announced, a group of disabled citizens from the New York and New Jersey area contacted the Director asking for assurances that optimum accessibility would be provided and offering their assistance in identifying (From left) Dick Vernard, chairman of the Citizens Advisory Committee; Ron Drock, barriers and solutions to those barriers. representative from the Disabled American Veterans; Russell E. Dickenson; Harold Russell, chairman of the PCEH; and Bernie Posner, executive director of the PCEH. This committee has been working with David Park, chief, Special Programs and Populations, WASO; Ray Bloomer, consideration and that optimal access The Disabled American Veterans disability program specialist, NARO; would be provided. Many of the National Organization has been and staff from the Statue of Liberty to committee's recommendations have following the activities of this special assess architectural and programmic already been included in design plans. committee on accessibility and at the barriers and to recommend solutions. The President's Committee Award awards ceremony announced that they Superintendent David Moffitt and recognized NPS for "dedicated service were making a donation to the Ellis Regional Director Herb Cables have toward the goal of accessibility of the Island-Statue of Liberty Foundation in both assured the committee that their Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island for the amount of $1 million for the recommendations would receive full disabled people." accessibility features of the restoration.

San Antonio employees recognized Superintendent Jose Cisneros of San Antonio Missions National Historical Park, Tex., presented Special Achievement Awards to three Adminstrative Division employees for their contributions to the "start-up" of San Antonio Missions. Employees recognized were: Robert Keeling, contract specialist; Delia Arzola, personnel assistant; and Sam Mejia, budget clerk. The park's administrative officer is Jo Landon.

(From left) Robert Keeling, Superintendent ]ose Cisneros, Delia Arzola, Jo Landon, and Sam Mejia.

COURIER/January 15 Peterson Award nominations open

The Harold L. Peterson Award for the Nominations may be made by publishers, Secretary of Eastern National Park and best article on any facet of American editors, authors, or interested parties on Monument Association, PO Box 671, military history written in the English behalf of articles that deal not only with Cooperstown, NY 13326, not later than language and published during 1984 in military history, including naval and air, March 15, 1985. an American or foreign journal has been directly but also with economic, political, The Company of Military Historians announced by William C. Everhart, social, ecological, or cultural developments annually appoints a panel of members to chairman of the board of Eastern National during the period of war or affecting review all nominations and recommends Park and Monument Association. The late military history between wars from the three articles to Eastern National Park Harold Peterson, chief curator of the time of settlement until the present. and Monument Association. After review Park Service, was active in the Three clear copies of articles nominated by an ad hoc committee, the board of Association for many years. must be received by the Executive the Association chooses the winner.

PNRO Cultural Division wins award

The Washington Trust for Historic Island (and Ebey's Landing National thinking by the five team members," Preservation awarded three outstanding Historical) Reserve. To our knowledge, Comp said. They were: Gretchen project awards in the State. One went to this inventory represents the first time Luxenberg, chief historian; Cathy the Cultural Resources Division of the that a cultural landscape approach, Gilbert, chief landscape architect; Pacific Northwest Region and another encompassing numerous components of Diane Scena, VIP landscape architect; group of volunteers whose project was historic preservation, has been attempted Candace Land and Kyle Castellano, coordinated with both the Cultural in the State of Washington. This vital assistant historians. Resources Division and Olympic document goes beyond the mere recording The second award, in the nonprofit National Park, Wash. of historical structures, to include a organization category, went to the The Cultural Resources Division won broad network of human interaction Olympians for their work in restoring the award for the most outstanding with the environment. We are excited Olympic's Enchanted Valley Chalet. The project in the public agency category for about the possibility of this inventory Trust considers the Chalet "the most its Ebey's Landing National Reserve serving as a model for future projects important intact log structure on the Building and Landscape Inventory. across the United States." (Olympic) peninsula" and the Olympians' In presenting the award to Division Comp credited the project's success to "noble efforts have made it possible for Chief Dr. T. Allan Comp, the Trust the support of Ebey's Landing Project future generations to enjoy." explained: Director Jerry Reed Jarvis and to the The Washington Trust was not alone "We. . understand the need to fine team of young professionals and in appreciating the Olympians' efforts. preserve and protect any rural volunteers. For their outstanding service, the community which provides us with an "The work required only three months volunteer organization also received a unbroken historic record over the past to document and evaluate 350 structures letter of commendation from the century, as outlined in the 1978 Act of and 17,400 acres of land within the President of the United States. Congress which created the Whidbey reserve, thanks to hard work and good

Whiskeytown recognizes volunteers

National Volunteer Week, 1984, was Volunteers in Parks were recognized and volunteers with ages ranging from 16 recognized at the Whiskeytown Unit of applauded by the Whiskeytown staff. to 62. Some unusual projects include Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National The VIP's told of their backgrounds wastewater treatment, toll road Recreation Area, Calif., by calling an and of projects underway in the resource historical research, bug collection, all-employee meeting. Superintendent management, maintenance and gold panning instruction, and gold mine Ray C. Foust presented going-away interpretation divisions. In three interpretive walks and programs. certificates and letters of appreciation. months this unit received 500 hours The program was spearheaded by Sixteen active and six on inactive status of donated service from very talented Park Ranger Andy Anderson.

16 COURIER/January Lenihan and Davidson, Appleman-Judd awardees

Daniel J. Lenihan, an archeologist who heads the Submerged Cultural Resource Unit in the Southwest Regional Office, N. Mex., and George E. Davidson, chief, Interpretation and Information Services at Capitol Reef National Park, Utah, are the recipients of the prestigious Appleman-Judd Award. The nationwide National Park Service award is given for sustained Archeologist Lenihan briefs divers competence and accomplishment in in the chilly waters near Isle Royale cultural resources management. National Park. Lenihan was cited by Director Russell Dickenson for leadership in documentation and protection of underwater cultural resources throughout the system and for assistance to many State and other Federal agencies. Lenihan began his career with the Southeast Archeological Center in 1973. He transferred to the Southwest Regional Office in 1974. In a letter to Lenihan, the Director said, "Your contributions to the Submerged Cultural Resources Unit, and to the precedent-setting work of the unit on resources such as the varied and well- preserved shipwrecks at Isle Royale National Park, Mich., richly merit attention." Lenihan has also led investigations of the resources at Point Reyes National Seashore, Calif., the four-year National Reservoir Innundation Study, and most recently, a physical survey and mapping of the sunken "battlewagon" USS Arizona at Pearl Harbor, which provided new data for monitoring the condition of the memorial. Davidson was recognized for his efforts to research and better the interpretation of the cultural resources of Capital Reef's relatively new, 377-square mile park. Davidson was cited for a series of efforts including the Fremont River Oral History Collection, cultural and scenic planning, design and construction of exhibits, study and furnishing of historic structures and the fostering of community involvement in the history program. The Director said, "Your creative efforts to broaden the park's cultural resources programs have resulted in a strong park history program with the interest and support of the local community." Davidson has been a career employee since 1966, and has served at several historic sites. His brother Bob, is assistant superintendent at Gettysburg National Military Park, Pa.

Davidson researched the life of one deputy U.S. Marshall who pursued both Mormon polygamists and Robber's Roost outlaws alike. He presents a dramatic monolog to both park visitors and community groups.

COURIER/January 17 E&AA news and notes

Allen Edmunds receives award

Allen T. Edmunds, retired professional NPS areas along the Atlantic Ocean and years with the Park Service. After of the National Park Service, received in the Gulf Coast and Great Lakes retirement, Edmunds served as a senior the Award for Excellence from the Regions. consultant to former NPS Director National Society for Park Resources, As an expert in shoreline resource George Hartzog for seven years. during the National Park and Recreation preservation and management, Edmunds Edmunds received the Cornelius Pugsley Association Congress in Orlando, Fla., assisted a number of European countries, Gold Medal in 1961 as an outstanding last fall. Japan and Taiwan, in efforts to preserve conservationist in the United States, Edmunds was cited for his professional and protect their shorelines. and the Department of the Interior achievement in the field of parks and A resident of Richmond, Va., Edmunds Distinguished Service Gold Medal in recreation in directing the studies and retired from NPS in 1969, as assistant 1966. research which resulted in the regional director in the former Northeast establishment and preservation of nine Regional Office in Philadelphia, after 33

Your E&AA Representatives

James L. Ryan—Chairman of the Board William C. Everhart—Alumni Editor Theresa G. Wood—Executive Director Stanley T. Albright—Director's Representative Harry M. Elsey—Treasurer Alice Lee—National Chair, NP Women George M. Kyle—Education Trust Fund Officer/WASO Representative Thelma Warnock—NPW Correspondent Earl M. Semingsen—Special Memberships Conrad L. Wirth—Representative-at-Large

Mid-Atlantic Western Pacific Northwest John Montgomery—Employee Mo Kahn—(Acting) Employees Don Jackson —Employees Nate Golub—Alumni Joseph L. (Bill) Orr—Alumni Bob Mclntyre—Alumni

Midwest North Atlantic Harpers Ferry Norm Reigle—Employees Herb Olsen—Employees David Nathanson—Employees Ray Rundell—Alumni ]oe Antosca—Alumni Denver Service Center Southeast National Capital Len Hooper—Employees Bob Deskins—Employees Margaret Davis—Employees Bob Steenhagen—Alumni George Fry—Alumni William R. Failor—Alumni Alaska Southwest Rocky Mountain Keith Hoofnagle—Employees Eldon G. Reyer—Employees John Chapman—Employees Les Arnberger—Alumni Karl Gilbert—Alumni Join the E&AA

TREASURER, EMPLOYEES AND ALUMNI ASSOCIATION FOR NPS, 3830 PINEWOOD TERRACE, FALLS CHURCH, VA 22041 I AM A • NEW MEMBER, • RENEWAL, OR • OTHER. I AM ALSO AN EMPLOYEE D OR ALUMNUS •. ENCLOSED IS $ FOR E&AA MEMBERSHIP AND SUBSCRIPTION TO THE NATIONAL PARK COURIER. ALSO ENCLOSED IS $ AS AN ADDITIONAL GIFT TO THE E&AA. NAME STREET CITY & STATE & ZIP CODE MEMBERSHIPE RATE-1 YEAR-$10. SPECIAL MEMBERSHIP: LIFE-$100. (PAY IN FULL; OR 4 PARTIAL PAYMENTS OF $25, A YEAR FOR 4 YEARS; OR 5 PARTIAL PAYMENTS OF $20, A YEAR FOR 5 YEARS. SECOND CENTURY CLUB-$200. SUPPORTING DONOR-S500. POUNDER—$1,000.

18 COURIER/January National Park Mid-Atlantic women meet at Asseateague Women

through the years, and hopefully women National River, W. Va., were chosen. will be able to benefit as need is The group expressed that the continued experienced. If enacted by this board, "best effort" of the women is the great The National Park Women held a greater support of the fund is expected. moral-support system for each other productive business meeting when Another recommendation that was which helps promote that park-family they joined their husbands at the forwarded to Director Dickenson, raises feeling. superintendent's conference at concern for the importance of government Since all are busy with careers, families, Asseateague National Seashore, housing in park areas and employees. personal interests and community life, Md.-Va., last fall. Available housing and at reasonable no one should feel guilty The 16 women also had a wonderful rents for low-grade transferring if a local women's club cannot be week of fun. The staff at Asseateague employees is important. Problems maintained. It is a plus if such an planned many special activities including encountered by delays in home sales organization can work. Special welcome a lovely coffee party with delicious present hardships, financial and of new employees by friendly visits or goodies, a fantastic beach party and emotional, for many dedicated meals mean a lot and such good feelings cookout at the lovely McCabe House. personnel. Some type of help is needed will survive; dedication to NPS will At the NPW meeting, a unanimous if the mobility benefitting the Park continue. recommendation was made and has been Service is to continue. The group also There is still time for anyone forwarded to each E&AA board member expressed negative feelings for the "guest interested in becoming a correspondent requesting that all employees, spouses, overnight" bed and breakfast type from their area. Please write to: Thelma divorced or widowed spouses (male and program. Warnock, P.O. Box 1602, Crescent City, female) be added to the eligibility Election of new officers for the July Calif. 95531. You may also get on the guidelines for educational loans. It is 1985-1987 term was also held. Ellie NPW mailing list by writing Thelma. felt that the women's contributions to Whitman, chairman, and Ginny Carrico, this fund have been considerable alternate, both of New River Gorge

Deaths

William "Otis" Hicks Samuel A. King

Otis Hicks, a former maintenance the Education Trust Fund of the E&AA, Samuel A. King died suddenly on supervisor at Piatt National Park (now 3830 Pinewood Terrace, Falls Church, September 22 of a heart attack suffered part of Chickasaw National Recreation Va. 22041. at his home in Merced, Calif. He leaves Area, Okla.), White Sands National his widow, Norma, at the home address Monument, N. Mex., and Grand Canyon of 3209 N. Parsons Avenue, Merced, National Park, died November 5 in Calif. 95340. Presbyterian Hospital in Oklahoma City, Mr. King's career began as a temporary of circulatory complications. Funeral ranger in Yosemite National Park in services were held at the Calvary Baptist 1931, and took him to the superintendences Church in Sulphur, Okla. of Saguaro National Monument, Ariz.; Mr. Hicks began his Park Service Joshua Tree National Monument, Calif.; career in the 1940s at Piatt National Mount McKinley National Park (now Park and after retiring from Grand Denali National Park), Alaska; and Canyon National Park, returned to Piatt Whiskeytown-Shasta-Trinity National to serve as a construction representative Recreation Area, Calif. He received on Job Corps conducted activities where many awards during his career, including he was instrumental in the completion of the Department of the Interior's the Buckhorn Entrance Bridge. Meritorious Award. He retired in 1965. He was active in scouting, having He is survived by a son, Gordon H. received the Silver Beaver Award in King, and a daughter, Lillian King recognition of several years contributions Kelley of Fairbanks, Alaska. He leaves as a scout leader. He is survived by his four grandchildren and three great wife, Ethel, and his son who is a grandchildren, and one sister, Annette personnel officer with the Veteran's Bartholomoe of Portland, Oregon. Adminstration. The family requests that those wishing Condolences may be sent to Mrs. Hicks to remember Mr. King may do so by at 900 East 7th St., Sulphur, Okla. 73086. sending a contribution in his name to The family requests that those wishing the Education Trust Fund of the E&AA, to remember Mr. Hicks, may do so by 3830 Pinewood Terrace, Falls Church, sending a contribution in his name to Va. 22041.

COURIER/January 10 program. It was through his inspiration Ernst T. Christensen that the Association for Living History Dan Feaser Farms in the United States was formed. Ernst T. Christensen, 75, passed away He assisted in the planning and on September 14 of advanced Parkinson development of several history farms Syndrome in Santa Ynez Valley Hospital, and spent several years as coordinator Calif. for the Park Service and the Living Mr. Christensen began his career with Historical Farms in Des Moines, Iowa, the National Park Service in 1941 as an Logan, Utah, and other places. Ill health interpretive guide at Carlsbad Caverns caused him to curtail his activities. National Park, N. Mex., and retired in From early childhood, Mr. Christensen's December, 1974, as chief of Interpretation, greatest joy was sharing his knowledge Recreation and Resource Management, of the wonders of nature. He was deeply National Capital Region. concerned about preserving the balance His colorful career also took him of nature and the protection of our to assignments in Grand Canyon, environment. Some of his ideas, which Yellowstone and Everglades National were considered radical at the time, have Parks. He was the recipient of many been put into practice and are accepted special awards including the Department procedures today. of the Interior's Meritorious Service Mr. Christensen leaves his widow, Award. He was also the author of Martha, at the home address of 1520 numerous publications. Mountain View Drive, Solvang, Calif. Mr. Christensen will be remembered 93463. Also surviving are a son, three for the design and construction of labels daughters, a grandson, five brothers and used on various nature trails, as well as three sisters. the planning of trails on the North Rim The family requests that those wishing of Grand Canyon and Everglades. He to remember Mr. Christensen may do so was also involved in the planning of the by sending a contribution in his name to Dan D. Feaser, 64, retired visual first shuttle buses used on the Mall and the Education Trust Fund of the E&AA, information specialist from Harpers other areas of National Capital Region. 3830 Pinewood Terrace, Falls Church, Ferry Center, died at home November 7. Oxon Hill Children's Farm was his first Va. 22041. Mr. Feaser entered the National Park attempt at planning a Living History Service in 1956 as an exhibit designer and illustrator at the Eastern Museum Laboratory in Washington D.C. As part of the Mission 66 museum planning team, he collaborated on projects at various National Park System areas including, Homestead National Monument Paul G. Favour, Jr. of America, Nebr.; George Washington Carver National Monument, Mo.; Shiloh National Military Park, Tenn.; Fort Paul G. Favour, Jr., 70, died in his Services Award from Eastern National Sumter National Monument, S.C.; sleep on October 9, while on a Parks and Monument Association, a Independence National Historical Park, moose-hunting trip in northern Maine. commendation for outstanding Pa.; Statue of Liberty National His name had been picked in the Maine contributions from the NPS Science Monument, N.Y.-N.J.; and many moose lottery and although his health Center, a special NPS Achievement others. precluded him from deer hunts and hikes Award for his contributions to the In 1970, Mr. Feaser transferred to the for the past 10 years, he chose to National Natural Landmarks program, and newly-established Harpers Ferry Center participate and bagged an 800-pound an honorary award from the Association where he helped plan and produce bull moose within the first two hours of Interpretive Naturalists for wayside exhibits servicewide until his of the hunt. outstanding accomplishments in the retirement in 1980. field interpretation of the natural Mr. Favour, a nationally known Natural drawing ability, an eye for environment. naturalist, began his Park Service career detail, and an enduring enthusiasm for as a seasonal and then as a permanent Mr. Favour is survived by his widow, birds and animals helped to establish ranger at Acadia National Park, Maine. Edith (Fait) Favour, two children, a Mr. Feaser as an admired wildlife artist. His colorful career took him to sister, a brother, three grandchildren, His paintings and sketches of mammals, Shenandoah National Park as the park's one great grandchild, and several fish, waterfowl, and gamebirds have first naturalist. He returned to Acadia cousins and nieces. Although Mrs. appeared in numerous books, magazines, and served as the chief park naturalist. Favour's permanent address is Box 187, and exhibits. One of Mr. Feaser's After retirement he was re-employed Summit Road, Northeast Harbor, Maine sculptures depicting a grizzly bear in the Park Service's Natural Landmarks 04662; she can be reached at 417 El and cub was presented by former NPS program and was responsible for a 20-State Camino Del Mar, Laguna Beach, Calif. Director Gary Everhardt to President area. He established interpretive programs, 92651. Gerald Ford. trained summer personnel and founded The family requests that those wishing Mr. Feaser is survived by his wife Natural History Associations for both to remember Mr. Favour may do so by Evelyn, a daughter Margie, and a son Acadia and Shenandoah National Parks. sending a contribution in his name to David. Letters of condolence may be For his professional accomplishments, the Education Trust Fund of the E&AA, sent to Mrs. Evelyn Feaser, P.O. Box Mr. Favour received the Department of 3830 Pinewood Terrace, Falls Church, 631, Shepherdstown, W. Va. 25443. Interior's Meritorious Award, a Special Va. 22041.

20 COURIER/January FYI

The Yosemite Research Center for Cultural and Natural Sciences

Yosemile's New Research Center in El Portal.

By Scott L. Carpenter Yosemite Research Center, such as dominates what is now the conference Archeologist dormitory, laboratory, library and room of the Research Center. Yosemite National Park computer facilities, the Park Service In addition to functioning as a facility is able to offer logistical support to for visiting researchers, the center is the Located on a knoll overlooking the these visiting researchers. focus for the operations of the park Merced River in El Portal, California, The Research Center is housed in a archeologist and the research scientist. the Yosemite Research Center functions charming residential structure built in The Archeology program, under the as a base of operations for research in 1929, to house the Superintendent of the direction of Park Archeologist Scott Yosemite National Park. Established in National Lead Company's El Portal Carpenter, functions to investigate, November 1983, by the National Park Barium Mine. The Park Service acquired manage, and preserve cultural resources Service, the center serves as a support the house and adjacent buildings in 1958, in Yosemite. Archeological remains in facility for visiting scientists engaged in as a part of its El Portal Adminstrative the Sierra Nevada span at least 3500 research of Yosemite's natural and cultural Site. The former assay office now serves years. Yosemite, due to its relatively resources. These projects greatly benefit as an analytical laboratory for both pristine condition, provides an excellent the resource management programs of natural and cultural sciences. One of the opportunity to study pre-historic and Yosemite by providing new information interesting features of the comfortable historic Sierran occupation. The Yosemite at little or no expense to the Government. white frame house is its distinctive Archeological Research program conducts By providing access to facilities at the fireplace made of river rock with a large small- and large-scale research to barite crystal in the center. This fireplace (continued)

COURIER/January 21 determine the nature and extent of cultural resources to aid in the planning and implementation of park management, interpretive and development projects, as well as resource preservation programs. The Research Program for the Natural Sciences, under the direction of Dr. Jan Van Wagtendonk, functions to gather and analyze data to effectively protect and manage the park's natural resources. The program includes studies dealing with plant and animal communities and also coordinates activities of researchers -c 0 whose projects focus on fire ecology, aa bedrock and glacial geology, the impact of NPS and visitor activities on g resources, and other relevant subjects. The Research Center sponsors a schedule of seminars highlighting current research (From left) Scott Carpenter, Archeologist; Dr. Jan van Wagtendonk, Research Scientist; within the park. Superintendent Robert Binnewies; and Western Regional Director Howard Chapman.

Training on Section 106 Review begins in 1985

The Advisory Council on Historic Section 106 is the portion of the National include, commercial or housing Preservation is offering 11 sessions of a Historic Preservation Act of 1966 that developments, new construction in special training course explaining Section requires Federal agencies to both consider historic areas, highways, dams, and 106 Review during 1985. The two-day the effects of their projects on historic power plants. course, "Introduction to Federal Projects properties and provide the Advisory For information about how to register and Historic Preservation Law," is co- Council on Historic Preservation with an for the training, write the Advisory sponsored by the Advisory Council and opportunity to review and comment on Council on Historic Preservation, The the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. their projects' impact on historic Old Post Office Building, 1100 The sessions, scheduled from January properties. Any project that uses Federal Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Room 809, through July, will be held in Denver, money, or needs a Federal license, and Washington, D.C. 20004, and ask for New Orleans, Seattle, Anchorage, has the potential to affect historic the course brochure announcing Boston, Chicago, Atlanta, San property is subject to Section 106 INTRODUCTION TO FEDERAL Francisco, Washington, D.C., and Review. Typical Federal projects that PROJECTS AND HISTORIC Portland, Oregon. could require Section 106 Review PRESERVATION LAW.

International opportunities for retirees retired employees and others on a volunteer basis wherever and whenever Behind news headlines of turmoil, Parks and park concepts are gaining possible. really interesting and exciting park attention and favor in parts of the world Overseas assignments take many forms happenings are taking place in many where we might expect conflicting from short- to long-term; from on-the- countries of the world. For example, national needs to relegate natural job support to classroom training. They Egypt recently passed its first national resource conservation to an ambysmal might involve planning for new or park legislation; parks are being priority. In fact, many of us would existing areas, design and construction, identified, established and staffed. In probably be surprised to find the great maintenance, interpretation, protection, India, dramatic national and extent of appreciation for parks and the and management. In fact, any and all international efforts are centered on environment by political elements in activities of the U.S. National Park Project Tiger, a world famous success countries facing national problems which Service might be a subject of need in story in the protection of park habitats make our own situation pale by countries with emerging park programs. for endangered species. In South and comparison. They are experiencing Perhaps less exotic, but still extremely Central America, park efforts are on the exciting times in their park histories. important are the Service contacts with move; new parks are being established, Many of these countries are looking large numbers of foreign park professionals facilities and programs are being for help—help of many kinds from which come to the United States. In the developed at an unprecedented rate. experienced park people. The letter last two years, 81 nations have sent Over the last decade, the number of reprinted with this article expresses more than 600 park managers here to national parks has doubled in this one type of help needed. The Park learn from our experience. region. Service receives an average of 60-70 Working with dedicated park people Efforts in Southeast Asia and the such requests each year. either here or in their countries can better known programs in many African International Affairs, WASO, works provide rewarding experiences for people countries are continuing to expand and with most of the more than 120 countries with park backgrounds, commitment, improve. with national park systems and uses and a shared concern for national

22 COURIER/January heritage. The opportunity to play a role in the world park community on a first-hand, work-day basis is not for REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA everyone; for those involved however, FORESTRY DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY the personal satisfaction can be very P.O. Box 3019 high. Monrovia, Liberia If you think you might like to share your enthusiasm, skills, and knowledge July 17, 1984 about parks, write to: Chief, International Affairs, National Park Mr. Chester Brooks Service, U.S. Department of the 106 S. 30th Avenue East Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240. Duluth, MN 55812 Of course, send a resume or brief U.S.A. concerning your experience and other information which would be helpful Dear Mr. Brooks: in considering you for possible assignments. The Sapo National Park was created by government decree No. 73 on While these experiences can be truly May 19 last year, as Liberia's first park. Sapo is a tropical rainforest satisfying and personally rewarding, park of roughly 323,075 acres (about 505 square miles). This area still there can also be difficult circumstances possesses most of Liberia's diminishing wildlife and habitat. I serve the of living or working conditions. Pay? Park in the capacity of warden. Assignments are mainly of a volunteer We face a lot of problems managing the new park. One of the type; however, transportation and living difficulties we experience is the lack of trained and/or experienced expenses are paid in most cases. So, you personnel. A friend of mine mentioned you as a veteran park service won't make money, but you won't be personnel, and so I decided to drop you a line to find out whether you out-of-pocket for much either. On the know of any body of your type of experience, who might be willing and other hand, you can profit much from interested to come over, for a few months at least, and assist us. Due to the chance to help, even a little bit, the the economic condition of my country at the present, I wouldn't say cause of parks and protected areas on an that the park would be in the position to offer a sponsorship for such a international basis. person. It may be possible for him to work his way under the umbrella of perhaps the US Peace Corps. If your ha,ve any suggestions, kindly write and let us know as soon as you can. We look forward to hearing from you soon. Best regards Nimitz Steamboat Sincerely yours, Hotel restored Joseph N. Toah PARK WARDEN The Nimitz Steamboat Hotel once again graces the skyline of Fredericksburg, Texas, reports Doug Hubbard, superintendent of the Admiral Nimitz State Historical Park. Famous for its good food, hospitality, and the only bathhouse between San Antonio and San Diego in stagecoach days, the restored hotel now houses the RUSSELL E. DICKENSON, Director Museum of the Pacific War. Fleet National Park Service Admiral Chester Nimitz, Commander-in- U.S. Department of the Interior Chief throughout the Pacific War was Washington, D.C. 20240 born in Fredericksburg. Before his death in 1966, he requested that the park which bears his name, be dedicated to Editorial Board the more than two million men and women who served with him. Sandra Alley, Public Affairs Officer, NCR In addition to the museum, the park William Everhardt, Alumni Editor, E&AA has a garden of peace, built by the Bill Halainen, ANPR Newsletter people of Japan, a history walk where Duncan Morrow, Media Relations Gene Scovill, NPW/E&AA Education Trust Fund visitors may view large relics—tanks, Thelma Warnock, NPW Correspondent guns, boats and aircraft from the Theresa Wood, Executive Director Pacific, and a research collection of Conrad Wirth, Representative-at-Large military objects and uniforms. Hubbard was manager of Harpers Ferry Center before he retired from the Anita Clevenger, Editor National Park Service in 1970 and came Ricardo Lewis, Graphics Artist to the Nimitz project. He and Fran live in an 1855 stone house which they restored on the outskirts of Fredericksburg. They are always glad to see old friends.

COURIER/January 23 Vietnam Veterans Memorial Dedication November 11,1984

* eg -S' o 3 5 Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Wash., D.C.

"Three Servicemen" by Frederick E. Hart

•ir a

(From left) John P. Wheeler III, chairman of the board, Vietnam Memorial Fund, Inc.; First Lady Nancy Reagan; NCR Regional Director Jack Fish; o fan C. Scruggs, president, Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, Inc.; o President Ronald Reagan; and Interior Secretary William Clark.

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