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Interreg Alpine Space Project HyMoCARES HydroMorphological assessment and management at basin scale for the Conservation of Alpine Rivers and related Ecosystem Services Results and highlights – HyMoCARES selection of tools for river managers

Presented by: Mario Klösch (University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna) Frédéric Liébault (Irstea Grenoble)

HyMoCARES Final conference Bolzano-Bozen, October 2, 2019 Presentation content

• Introduction • Multi-scale framework for hydromorphological management • Tools supporting hydromorphological restoration

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Presentation content

• Introduction • Multi-scale framework for hydromorphological management • Tools supporting hydromorphological restoration

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Pressures at the HyMoCARES case study sites

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Retention of sediment in the catchment Hydropower plants in the Mura River catchment © google earth Hydropower plant (Mura) and Retznei (Sulm) –

Torrent control (Eggenbach - Wagner et al. (2015) )

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Channelisation (narrowing and straightening) of river reaches

Example: Mura River along the border between and 1821-1836

2km

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Channelisation (narrowing and straightening) of river reaches

Example: Mura River along the border between Slovenia and Austria 18212006-1836 © google earth

2km

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Presentation content

• Introduction • Multi-scale framework for hydromorphological management • Tools supporting hydromorphological restoration

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Multi-scale framework for hydromorphological assessment Basic considerations: 1. Sediment supply determines lateral dynamics 2. Sediment supply determines channel slope 3. Bed level changes alter sediment transport

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

1. Sediment supply determines lateral dynamics The lateral dynamics increase with increasing sediment supply

Schumm (1985) Church (2006)

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 2. Sediment supply determines channel slope The channel slope adjusts to the supply via aggradation/degradation

increased supply

initial supply decreased supply

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 3. Bed level changes alter sediment transport Aggradation increases, degradation decreases sediment transport

Aggradation Degradation

Qs Qs

Qs,in Qs,out

Qs,out Qs,in

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Qs,in

wide

narrow CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT

Qs,in Qs,out REACH SCALE REACH SCALE

Qs,out

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Qs,in

aggradation

degradation CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT

Qs,in Qs,out REACH SCALE REACH SCALE

Qs,out

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Qs,in

aggradation wide

narrow degradation CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT

Qs,in Qs,out REACH SCALE REACH SCALE

Qs,out

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Example: Eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980: Einleitung Instantaneous increase of sediment supply

Qs,in

aggradation wider

conditions Increase of channel width of boundary Sudden change CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT narrower degradation

Qs,out Legend REACH SCALE Increased slope Initial slope and bed composition Decreased slope and/or bed armouring Zheng et al. (2014) Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Example: Eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980: Einleitung Instantaneous increase of sediment supply

Qs,in

aggradation wider

Longer term adjustment

Increase of channel widthslope CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT narrower degradation

Qs,out Legend REACH SCALE Increased slope Initial slope and bed composition Decreased slope and/or bed armouring Zheng et al. (2014) Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Example: Decrease of sediment supply in laboratory experiment Qs,in

aggradation wider conditions of boundary CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT Marti & Bezzola (2009) narrower Sudden change degradation Equilibrium after bedload supply was reduced to 20%: • Single channel with decreased width Qs,out • Armoured bed in single channel Legend REACH SCALE • Decreased slope (from 2.12% to 1.92%) Increased slope Initial slope and bed composition Decreased slope and/or bed armouring Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Example: Decrease of sediment supply in laboratory experiment Qs,in

aggradation wider

Adjustment

CATCHMENT SCALE CATCHMENT Marti & Bezzola (2009) narrower degradation Equilibrium after bedload supply was reduced to 20%: • Single channel with decreased width Qs,out • Armoured bed in single channel Legend REACH SCALE • Decreased slope (from 2.12% to 1.92%) Increased slope Initial slope and bed composition Decreased slope and/or bed armouring Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Understand the trajectories of channel evolution of your river Example: Upper Drau (Austria) a) Channelisation b) Adjustment to the decreased channel width by decreasing slope and/or bed coarsening. c) Construction of dams in the catchment. d) Channel widening (including excavation of side- e channels) a e) Replacement of a check dam a new one with increased 0 2 1 5 b permeability the still reduced sediment supply d 4 3 c

Legend Increased slope Initial slope and bed composition © Carinthian Water Management Authority Decreased slope and/or bed armouring Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Indicator of channel evolution: HyMoCARES Chevo Tool for standardised assessment of channel evolution

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Einleitung

Indicator of channel evolution: HyMoCARES Chevo Tool for standardised assessment of channel evolution

Example: Case study site Salzach River Measure: Initiation of bank erosion Cross sectional change: downstream of new ramp to compensate bedload deficit

399 398 2005 xs 504 397 2015 xs 504 396 395 394 393

elevation (m elevation a.s.l.) 392 391 390 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 lateral distance (m)

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Displayed all at once: The channel evolution diagram Presentation content

• Introduction • Multi-scale framework for hydromorphological management • Tools supporting hydromorphological restoration

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Planning and Management Tools • Collection of recommended, existing tools; • New developments within HyMoCARES suitability - no x little xx medium xxx high

HyMoCARES HyMoCARES Widest HyMoCARES SedRace HyMoLink

HyMoCARES bedloadWeb

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 HyMoCARES HyMoLink Tool for linking morphodynamics to habitat zones

Hydraulic rating model for analysing morphodynamics with different relevance for aquatic and terrestrial habitats

Based on frequency of submergence, the river is subdivided into: • Aquatic zone • Semiterrestrial zone • Terrestrial zone

Morphodynamics in different zones have different relevance in providing habitats to riverine species.

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 HyMoCARES HyMoLink Tool for linking morphodynamics to habitat zones

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 Frequency diagram

HyMoCARES HyMoLink Tool for linking morphodynamics to habitat zones

Cross section display Frequency diagram

Semiterrestrial Semiterrestrial HyMoCARES HyMoLink erosion aggradation Tool for linking morphodynamics to habitat zones

Aquatic Aquatic erosion aggradation

Cross section display HyMoCARES HyMoLink Report on morphodynamics in aquatic, semiterrestrial and terrestrial zone

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 BedloadWeb, a web site dedicated to bedload transport

The aim is to provide standard concepts and tools for the largest audience (specialists and non-specialists)

Home page

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 BedloadWeb, a web site dedicated to bedload transport

The first tab makes available more than 11000 bedload values measured in the field or in the flume, as well as standard bedload equations. This tool is educational as it permits to play with the models and to test their sensitivity to input parameters

The database page

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 BedloadWeb, a web site dedicated to bedload transport

The second tab offers all the necessary tools for a complet bedload project (Grain size, Hydraulics Sediment budget..)

The project management tool allows users to communicate with each other

The toolbox page BedloadWeb, a web site dedicated to bedload transport

The last page gives access to help and several documents

Help page

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 HyMoCARES SedRace Tool for estimating the velocity of sediment transfer to target reaches

Aims: • Calculation of residence time of replenished sediment in sections • Time lag between upstream measures and downstream effects

Replenishment at the River

Text; color: 0/51/153; © Styrian Water Management Authority HyMoCARES SedRace Tool for estimating the velocity of sediment transfer to target reaches

Aims: • Calculation of residence time of replenished sediment in sections • Time lag between upstream measures and downstream effects

© google earth

© google earth © google earth

Replenishment site Widened reach

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 © Styrian Water Management Authority HyMoCARES SedRace Tool for estimating the velocity of sediment transfer to target reaches Method of tool development: Derivation of formulas from the field (based on Klösch and Habersack, 2018)

. . = 0.21 0.021 3 𝑑𝑑 −0 485 2 3 63 𝑑𝑑50 𝜌𝜌𝑠𝑠 − 𝜌𝜌 𝜏𝜏 𝑑𝑑 𝑉𝑉𝑢𝑢 𝑒𝑒 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 − 𝜌𝜌 𝜌𝜌𝑠𝑠 − 𝜌𝜌 𝑔𝑔𝑔𝑔 𝑑𝑑50

Tracer survey at Drau River

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 HyMoCARES SedRace Tool for estimating the velocity of sediment transfer to target reaches Application of the online tool to calculation residence times of sediment in target reaches or time until target is reached

350 200 0.008 ) 1 -

) 300 discharge (m3/s) 0.007 1

- 180 s 0.006 3 250 transport velocities (m/s) 0.005 200 160 0.004 150 140 0.003 100 0.002 discharge (m discharge 50 120 0.001

0 100 0 transport velocity (m s 12.12.2015 31.01.2016 21.03.2016 10.05.2016 29.06.2016 18.08.2016 07.10.2016 26.11.2016 15.01.2017 06.03.2017 80 350 8000

) 300 60 discharge (m3/s) 7000 1 -

s 6000 3 250 travel distances (m) 40 5000 200

Days until distance is is reached distance until Days 4000 150 20 3000 100 0 2000 discharge (m discharge 50 1000 (m) distance travel 0 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0 12.12.2015 31.01.2016 21.03.2016 10.05.2016 29.06.2016 Grain18.08.2016 size (m)07.10.2016 26.11.2016 15.01.2017 06.03.2017 Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 River bar predictor (Crosato and Mosselman, 2009) Tool for estimating the number of bars developing after widening Literature

Church, M. (2006). Bed material transport and the morphology of alluvial river channels. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 34, pp. 325‐354 Crosato A, Mosselman E. 2009. Simple physics‐based predictor for the number of river bars and the transition between meandering and braiding. Water Resources Research 45: 1–14. Klösch, M., and Habersack, H. ( 2018) Deriving formulas for an unsteady virtual velocity of bedload tracers. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, 43: 1529– 1541. doi: 10.1002/esp.4326. Marti, C., & Bezzola, G. R. (2009). Bed Load Transport in Braided Gravel‐Bed Rivers. In Braided Rivers (eds I. Jarvis, G. H. Sambrook Smith, J. L. Best, C. S. Bristow and G. E. Petts). doi:10.1002/9781444304374.ch9 Schumm, S. A. Patterns of alluvial rivers. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 1985 13:1, 5-27 Wagner, B; Hauer, C; Schoder, A; Habersack, H 2015. A review of hydropower in Austria: Past, present and future development. RENEW SUST ENERG REV. 2015; 50: 304-314. Zheng, S., Wu, B.S., Thorne, C.R., Simon, A., 2014. Morphological evolution of the North Fork Toutle River following the eruption of Mount St. Helens, Washington. Geomorphology 208, 102–116.

Bolzano, October 2nd, 2019 For risks and side effects, read the package leaflet or consult your HyMoCARES Team Thank you!

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