DOCSLIB.ORG

This Sumarry Is Only for the Muscles of the Hand (Slides: 14-33) Please Refer to the First 13 Slide When Studying

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Sumarry Is Only for the Muscles of the Hand (Slides: 14-33) Please Refer to the First 13 Slide When Studying This sumarry is only for the muscles of the hand (slides: 14-33) please refer to the first 13 slide when studying. For The innervation of these muscles its easier to memorize them from the last paragraph in the last page Muscle Origin Insertion Nerve Action Image 1st and 2nd, Flexmetacarpoph (lateral two) alangeal (MP) Extensor Tendons of flexor median nerve; joints & extend Lumbricals expansion of Digitorum 3rd and 4th interphalangeal (4 muscles) medial four profundus medial deep (IP) joints of fingers branch of ulnar fingers except nerve thumb -First arises from Proximal base of 1st phalanges of metacarpal thumb and index, Palmar adduct fingers - remaining three ring, and little Deep branch of Interossei toward center of from anterior fingers and ulnar nerve (4 muscles) third finger surface of shafts dorsal extensor of 2nd, 4th, and expansion of 5th metacarpals each finger . Proximal phalanges of index, middle, and ring fingers Contiguous sides abduct fingers Dorsal Interossei and dorsal Deep branch of of shafts of from center of (4 muscles) extensor ulnar nerve metacarpal bones third finger expansion (1st:index\ 2nd,3rd:middle \ 4th:ring) Both palmar and dorsal: -Flex metacarpophalangeal joints -Extend interphalangeal joints Simultaneous flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension at the interphalangeal joints of a digit are essential for the fine movements of writing, drawing, threading a needle, etc. The Lumbricals and interossei have long been accepted as not only primary agents in flexing the metacarpophalangeal joints but also in extending the interphalangeal joints via their attachments to the dorsal digital expansions Muscles of the Thumb Abductor Pollicis Abduction of Median nerve Brevis thumb Flexes Flexor Pollicis metacarpophalan Median nerve Brevis geal joint of thumb Not required “read only” Just know that the insertion is in base of proximal phalanx Pulls thumb Opponens medially and Median nerve Pollicis forward across palm Deep branch of Adduction of Adductor Pollicis ulnar nerve thumb - The first three of these muscles form the Thenar Eminence. Muscles of the little finger Abductor digiti Deep branch of Abducts little minimi ulnar nerve finger Flexor digiti Deep branch of Flexes little finger minimi brevis ulnar nerve Not required “read only” Refer to the slides if you are interested Pulls 5th Opponens digiti Deep branch of metacarpal minimi ulnar nerve forward as in cupping the palm Corrugates skin Superficial branch Palmaris Brevis to improve grip of of ulnar nerve palm Together these muscles form Hypothenar Eminence Movments of the thumb and the little finger: Muscles innervation In total:- Median nerve Ulnar nerve gives 5 muscles:- gives 15 muscles:- -Superficial : one muscle (palmaris brevis) (thenar eminence (3 muscles) + 1st & 2nd lumbrical) -Deep : 14 muscle ( hypothenar eminence (3 muscles) \8 muscles the palmar and dorsal interossei,\ the 3rd and 4th lumbrical muscles, adductor pollicis muscle. Done by Waseem Aldemeri, from Dr Amjad Shatarat’s slides .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Intrinsic Hand Muscles of the Japanese Monkey, Macaca Fuscata
    Anthropol.Sci. 102(Suppl.), 85-95,1994 Intrinsic Hand Muscles of the Japanese Monkey, Macaca fuscata TOSHIHIKO HOMMA AND TATSUO SAKAI Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Hongo 2-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan Received December 24, 1993 •ôGH•ô Abstract•ôGS•ô Anatomy of the intrinsic hand muscles in the Japanese monkeys was studied with an improved method to dissect the muscles and nerves in water after removal of the skeletal framework. The thenar eminence contained four muscles, namely m. abductor pollicis brevis, m. opponens pollicis, m, flexor pollicis brevis, and m. adductor pollicis. The hypothenar eminence contained four muscles, namely m. palmaris brevis, m. abductor digiti minimi, m. flexor digiti minimi brevis, and m. opponens digiti minimi. Majority of the thenar muscles are fused more or less with each other, so that clear separation of these muscles was difficult. The lumbrical muscles arose from the palmar parts of four main tendons of the deep flexor muscle to the second, third, fourth, and fifth digits. The mm, contrahentes arose mainly from a medial tendinous septum attached on the palmar surface to the third metacarpus, and included three muscles destined to the second, fourth and fifth digits. The interossei were found on the radial side of the second, third, fourth and fifth finger as well as on the ulnar side of the second, third and fourth finger. The intrinsic hand muscles in the Japanese monkey received innervation either from the median or the ulnar nerve. Branching pattern of these nerves to the individual muscles was fundamentally similar to those in man except for the fact that the median and the ulnar nerve in the Japanese monkey do not communi cateto make a loop in the thenar muscles.
    [Show full text]
  • Nerve Transfer Techniques in Injuries from the Upper Limb
    THIEME Update Article | Artículo de Actualización 57 Nerve Transfer Techniques in Injuries from the Upper Limb Técnicas de transferencia nerviosa en lesiones del miembro superior Francisco Martínez Martínez1 B. Ñíguez Sevilla2 J. García García2 A. García López3 1 FEA (field medcial expert), Orthopaedics and Traumatology Surgery, Address for correspondence Francisco Martínez Martínez, C/ Canovas Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca. Murcia, Spain del Castillo n°7- 4°a. 30003-Murcia, Spain 2 Resident, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Surgery, Hospital Clínico (e-mail: [email protected]). Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain 3 FEA (field medcial expert), Orthopaedics and Traumatology Surgery, Hospital General de Alicante, Alicante, Spain Rev Iberam Cir Mano 2017;45:57–67. Abstract Proximal nerve injuries from the upper limb or the braquial plexus are associated with a poor prognosis, even with prompt repair. In the last few decades an increase in nerve transfer techniques has occurred, by which a denervated peripheral nerve is reinner- vated by a healthy donor nerve. Nerve transfers are indicated in proximal brachial plexus injuries where grafting is not possible or in proximal injuries of peripheral nerves with long reinnervation distances. Nerve transfers represent a revolution in peripheral nerve surgery and offer the potential for superior functional recovery in severe nerve injuries. In complete brachial plexus injuries, there are being studied the existence of nerve roots (intraplexual transfers). If they do not exist, the transference of nerves out of the plexus are used Keywords (extraplexual transfers) as the spinal accessory nerve, the phrenic nerve, the intercostal ► nerve transfers nerves, etc. ► brachial plexus In this update paper, the different motor intra and extraplexual nerve transfer ► nerve injury techniques are going to be reviewed.
    [Show full text]
  • The Muscles That Act on the Upper Limb Fall Into Four Groups
    MUSCLES OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON UPPER LIMB The muscles that act on the upper limb fall into four groups: those that stabilize the pectoral girdle, those that move the arm, those that move the forearm, and those that move the wrist, hand, and fingers. Muscles Stabilizing Pectoral Girdle (Marieb / Hoehn – Chapter 10; Pgs. 346 – 349; Figure 1) MUSCLE: ORIGIN: INSERTION: INNERVATION: ACTION: ANTERIOR THORAX: anterior surface coracoid process protracts & depresses Pectoralis minor* pectoral nerves of ribs 3 – 5 of scapula scapula medial border rotates scapula Serratus anterior* ribs 1 – 8 long thoracic nerve of scapula laterally inferior surface stabilizes / depresses Subclavius* rib 1 --------------- of clavicle pectoral girdle POSTERIOR THORAX: occipital bone / acromion / spine of stabilizes / elevates / accessory nerve Trapezius* spinous processes scapula; lateral third retracts / rotates (cranial nerve XI) of C7 – T12 of clavicle scapula transverse processes upper medial border elevates / adducts Levator scapulae* dorsal scapular nerve of C1 – C4 of scapula scapula Rhomboids* spinous processes medial border adducts / rotates dorsal scapular nerve (major / minor) of C7 – T5 of scapula scapula * Need to be familiar with on both ADAM and the human cadaver Figure 1: Muscles stabilizing pectoral girdle, posterior and anterior views 2 BI 334 – Advanced Human Anatomy and Physiology Western Oregon University Muscles Moving Arm (Marieb / Hoehn – Chapter 10; Pgs. 350 – 352; Figure 2) MUSCLE: ORIGIN: INSERTION: INNERVATION: ACTION: intertubercular
    [Show full text]
  • Ulnar Nerve Passing Through Triceps Muscle –Rare Variation
    IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) e-ISSN: 2279-0853, p-ISSN: 2279-0861. Volume 12, Issue 6 (Nov.- Dec. 2013), PP 61-62 www.iosrjournals.org Ulnar Nerve Passing Through Triceps Muscle –Rare Variation Chandrika G Teli1, Nilesh N. Kate2, H. S. Kadlimatti 3 1(Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College Gulbarga/ Rajiv Gandhi university of health sciences Karnataka, India) 2(Department of Physiology, ESIC Medical College Gulbarga / Rajiv Gandhi university of health sciences Karnataka, India) 3(Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College Gulbarga / Rajiv Gandhi university of health sciences Karnataka, India) Abstract : During routine dissection for undergraduate students, right upper limb of 45 year old male showed variation in the course of ulnar nerve. The ulnar nerve arose as a continuation of medial cord, descended down along medial side of axillary and brachial artery. As the nerve travelled upper third of arm, it pierced the medial head belly of triceps muscle, passing through it for 4-5 cm ,emerged out of it to reach near the medial epicondyle. Then the nerve passed behind the medial epicondyle to follow its normal course and distribution. This kind of variation is not been described in the literature. Keywords: lunar nerve, variation in course, entrapment neuropathy. I. Introduction The ulnar nerve (C7, 8, T1) is formed from medial cord of the brachial plexus. It lies medial to axillary and brachial artery as far as middle of humerus, and then pierces the medial inter muscular septum to descend on the anterior face of triceps. It passes behind the medial epicondyle to enter the forearm.
    [Show full text]
  • ISPUB.COM Volume 9 Number 2
    The Internet Journal of Surgery ISPUB.COM Volume 9 Number 2 An Anomalous Palmaris Brevis Muscle and its Clinical Implications S Das, S Paul Citation S Das, S Paul. An Anomalous Palmaris Brevis Muscle and its Clinical Implications. The Internet Journal of Surgery. 2006 Volume 9 Number 2. Abstract The palmaris brevis (PB) muscle is a small, thin, subcutaneous muscle of the palm. The palmaris brevis muscle is important muscle contributing to the grip of the hand. In the present case, during routine cadaveric dissection, we detected a PB muscle which was not subcutaneous but existed as a muscle deep to the dermis of the skin of the palm. The PB muscle stretched as a horizontal band over the hypothenar muscles of the palm. The anomalous location of the PB may result in compression of neurovascular structures on the ulnar side of the palm. The awareness of such anomalous muscle which is not subcutaneous, may be clinical important for surgeons operating on the hand and clinicians diagnosing compressive symptoms. INTRODUCTION Figure 1 The PB muscle is a thin subcutaneous muscle. The PB arises Figure 1: Photograph of dissected right palm showing from the flexor retinaculum and the medial border of the central part of the palmar aponeurosis and attached to the dermis of the skin on the ulnar side of the palm. 1 The PB is innervated by the ulnar nerve and the main action of the muscle makes the palmar grip more secure. 1 The clinical importance of the muscle lies in the fact, that it lies above the ulnar artery and the ulnar nerve in the palm.
    [Show full text]
  • Ulnar Nerve Contribution in the Innervation of the Triceps Brachii Muscle Ulnar Nerve to the Triceps Brachii
    ORIGINAL COMMUNICATION Anatomy Journal of Africa. 2017. Vol 6 (1): 834 – 839. ULNAR NERVE CONTRIBUTION IN THE INNERVATION OF THE TRICEPS BRACHII MUSCLE ULNAR NERVE TO THE TRICEPS BRACHII Silva DLR, Barros MP, Freire TGS, Firmino Júnior L, Almeida Filho WRB, Correia Cadeira JSL, Silva NO CorresPondence to Diêgo Lucas Ramos e Silva Rua Prof. Virgilio Guedes, 1391 Ponta Grossa, 57014-220 Maceió, AL. Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The ulnar nerve is considered the thickest terminal branch of the medial cord in the brachial Plexus and most authors does not mention the possibility of this nerve emitting branches to the arm. However, some studies rePorted that the ulnar nerve could suPPly the medial head of triceps brachii muscle. The main objective in this study was identifying the Presence of ulnar nerve branches in tricePs brachii muscle. Sixty uPPer limbs of adult Brazilian corpses of both sexes were used. The estimated age was between 25 and 80 years old. Every studied piece had the nerves and their branches quantified and measured with a manual mechanic caliper. The branches were photographed and had the data registered in individual files. Were found ulnar nerve branches for all the heads of tricePs brachii muscle: 1 branch (9,1%) to lateral head, 2 branches (18,1%) to long head and 8 branches (72,7%) to medial head. Thus, we can conclude that the contribution of ulnar nerve to tricePs brachii muscle constitutes an imPortant anatomical variation. Key words: Ulnar nerve; Triceps brachii muscle; Innervation. INTRODUCTION The ulnar nerve is the terminal branch of the communication with the radial nerve (Bekler et medial cord of the brachial Plexus, receiving C8 al, 2009).
    [Show full text]
  • Compressive Mononeuropathies of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Paraplegia
    ParapkgW 29 (1991) 17-24 © 1991 International Medical Society of Paraplegia Paraplegia Compressive Mononeuropathies of the Upper Extremity in Chronic Paraplegia G. Davidoff, MD, R. Werner, MD, W. Waring, MD Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan Medical Center, and Rehabilitation Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. Summary Controversy exists with regard to the actual prevalence of compressive mononeuropathies at the wrist which may occur following chronic paraplegia. Thirty one chronic paraplegics, with a mean age of 37'9 years (range 20-68 years), and mean time since injury of 9'7 years (range 1-28 years), were studied with a comprehensive neurologic and electrodiagnostic (EDX) assessment. No patient had any clinical or EDX evidence of a peripheral polyneuropathy. The diagnosis of a median mononeuropathy at the wrist was determined by the following criteria: (a) prolonged median sensory distal latency > ipsilateral ulnar sensory distal latency 2 0·5 msec; (b) a median mid-palmar sensory latency> ipsilateral ulnar mid-palmar sensory latency of 2 0'3 msec; or (c) a median motor distal latency 2 l' 7 milliseconds as compared to the ipsilateral ulnar motor distal latency. Ulnar mononeuropathy at the wrist or across the elbow was also characterised. The EDX criteria for a median mononeuropathy at the wrist was met in 55% of subjects (24% of these with bilateral presentations). The location of ulnar mononeuropathies included: two at the superficial sensory branch at the wrist, one at the deep motor branch at the wrist, and three patients with a conduction block across the elbow.
    [Show full text]
  • Palmaris Brevis Spasm Syndrome
    18218ournal ofNeurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry 1995;59:182-184 SHORT REPORT J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry: first published as 10.1136/jnnp.59.2.182 on 1 August 1995. Downloaded from Palmaris brevis spasm syndrome Georges Serratrice, Jean-Philippe Azulay, Jacques Serratrice, Jean Pouget Abstract in the palmaris brevis and abductor digiti Palmaris brevis spasm syndrome is a minimi muscles. The other muscles of the rare and benign condition of localised hand were normal. Motor unit potentials had muscular hyperactivity. In five men, the a normal configuration with 1 mV amplitude, hypothenar eminence underwent sponta- recurrent with 20 to 30 Hz frequency. An neous, irregular, tonic contractions of EMG was normal with voluntary contraction. the palmaris brevis muscle. An EMG Motor and sensory nerve velocities and ulnar showed spontaneous high frequency dis- F wave latency were normal. Carbamazepine charges of normal motor units, without was ineffective. Infiltration of the ulnar nerve evidence of neuropathy or of nerve com- at the wrist with lidocaine reduced the dis- pression. This syndrome resembles other charges but they were not abolished. Finally, restricted muscle hyperactivity syn- there was a dramatic improvement with dromes although there are some differ- phenytoin (200 mg/day). ences. Curiously, the palmaris brevis muscle is not under voluntary control. PATIENT 2 The mechanism of the syndrome could A 37 year old man complained of diffuse be an ephaptic transmission possibly sec- myalgia and exercise intolerance. For eight ondary to the transient and repeated months he had experienced difficulty in writ- stretching of the ulnar nerve superficial ing and had spontaneous, slightly painful, branch.
    [Show full text]
  • Aandp1ch10lecture.Pdf
    Chapter 10 Lecture Outline See separate PowerPoint slides for all figures and tables pre- inserted into PowerPoint without notes. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1 Introduction Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display. • Muscles constitute nearly half of the body’s weight and are of central interest in several fields of health care and fitness Figure 10.5a 10-2 The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles • Expected Learning Outcomes – Describe the varied functions of muscles. – Describe the connective tissue components of a muscle and their relationship to the bundling of muscle fibers. – Describe the various shapes of skeletal muscles and relate this to their functions. – Explain what is meant by the origin, insertion, belly, action, and innervation of a muscle. 10-3 The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles (Continued) – Describe the ways that muscles work in groups to aid, oppose, or moderate each other’s actions. – Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. – Describe, in general terms, the nerve supply to the muscles and where these nerves originate. – Explain how the Latin names of muscles can aid in visualizing and remembering them. 10-4 The Structural and Functional Organization of Muscles • About 600 human skeletal muscles • Constitute about half of our body weight • Three kinds of muscle tissue – Skeletal, cardiac, smooth • Specialized for one major purpose – Converting the chemical energy in ATP
    [Show full text]
  • Functional Anatomy
    Hamill_ch05_137-186.qxd 11/2/07 3:55 PM Page 137 SECTION II Functional Anatomy CHAPTER 5 Functional Anatomy of the Upper Extremity CHAPTER 6 Functional Anatomy of the Lower Extremity CHAPTER 7 Functional Anatomy of the Trunk Hamill_ch05_137-186.qxd 11/2/07 3:55 PM Page 138 Hamill_ch05_137-186.qxd 11/2/07 3:55 PM Page 139 CHAPTER 5 Functional Anatomy of the Upper Extremity OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter, the student will be able to: 1. Describe the structure, support, and movements of the joints of the shoulder girdle, shoulder joint, elbow, wrist, and hand. 2. Describe the scapulohumeral rhythm in an arm movement. 3. Identify the muscular actions contributing to shoulder girdle, elbow, wrist, and hand movements. 4. Explain the differences in muscle strength across the different arm movements. 5. Identify common injuries to the shoulder, elbow, wrist, and hand. 6. Develop a set of strength and flexibility exercises for the upper extremity. 7. Identify the upper extremity muscular contributions to activities of daily living (e.g., rising from a chair), throwing, swimming, and swinging a golf club). 8. Describe some common wrist and hand positions used in precision or power. The Shoulder Complex Anatomical and Functional Characteristics Anatomical and Functional Characteristics of the Joints of the Wrist and Hand of the Joints of the Shoulder Combined Movements of the Wrist and Combined Movement Characteristics Hand of the Shoulder Complex Muscular Actions Muscular Actions Strength of the Hand and Fingers Strength of the Shoulder Muscles
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Limb : Muscles "Revision" Anatomy Team 434
    Upper Limb : Muscles "Revision" Anatomy Team 434 Color Index: If you have any complaint or ▪ Important Points suggestion please don’t ▪ Helping notes hesitate to contact us on: [email protected] ▪ Explanation Muscles of shoulder region Muscle ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE Lateral 1/3 of clavicle + Deltoid tuberosity of Deltoid acromion and spine of Major abductor of the arm humerus scapula Axillary nerve Greater tuberosity of Teres minor Laterally rotates the arm humerus Lateral border of scapula Adducts at the shoulder and Teres major Bicipital groove of humerus Lower subscapular nerve medially rotates the arm Abducts the arm 0-15o, and Supraspinatus Supraspinous fossa Greater tuberosity of assists deltoid for 15-90o Suprascapular nerve humerus Infraspinatus Infraspinous fossa Laterally rotates the arm Lesser tuberosity of Upper and lower Subscapularis Subscapular fossa Medially rotates the arm humerus subscapular nerves All the pictures are taken from [ http://teachmeanatomy.info/ ] .. Muscles of pectoral region Muscle ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NERVE -Sternum, -Adduct and medially rotate the Medial and Pectoralis -Upper 6 costal cartilages humerus Lateral lip of bicipital groove lateral pectoral major -Aponeurosis of external -The clavicular head also nerves oblique muscle performs flexion -Depression of shoulder Pectoralis 3rd, 4th, & 5th ribs close Medial pectoral Coracoid process -Draw the ribs upward & minor to their costal cartilages nerve outwards during deep inspiration Steadies or fixes the clavicle 1st rib at its costal Subclavian groove at the inferior Nerve to Subclavius during movement of the shoulder cartilage surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle subclavius joint -Draws the scapula forward -Rotates scapula outwards in Serratus Ventral aspect of the medial border Long thoracic Upper eight ribs raising the arm above 90 degree.
    [Show full text]
  • Imaging of the Hand 4 Ian Yu-Yan Tsou , Seng Choe Tham , and Gervais K
    Imaging of the Hand 4 Ian Yu-Yan Tsou , Seng Choe Tham , and Gervais K. L. Wansaicheong Imaging of the hand and ngers with ultrasound has always Lumps and bumps on the hand have always been a com- been challenging. Although the hand and ngers are amena- mon indication for ultrasound imaging, with the main inten- ble to ultrasound imaging, the di culty has been with the tion to identify if it is solid or cystic. Ancillary ndings would small sizes of the anatomic structures under study, as well include the relationship or attachment to the surrounding as the very super cial position of these structures, which structures, compressibility, vascularity, and location. places them in the extreme near eld of the ultrasound The more di use swelling in the hand and ngers is usu- transducer. ally due to soft tissue edema. The role that ultrasound is However, the development of hand and microsurgery as able to contribute is to assess if the edema is related to any a subdiscipline of orthopaedic surgery has led to increased particular anatomic structure or underlying injury. Joint ef- demand for imaging of the hand and ngers. Often, the sur- fusions and uid collections can also track within the fascial geon will have a speci c question after the clinical examina- planes and present as swelling. In ammatory or rheumato- tion, and ultrasound can be directed toward answering this logic conditions may also present as joint swelling. question quickly and easily. As long as the limitations of ul- Erosive arthropathy has also become more often imaged trasound are recognized by both the performing radiologist with ultrasound, both by radiologists and rheumatologists.
    [Show full text]