DOCSLIB.ORG

Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852) by Wu Wenjie

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

personality pro le 81 Arthur Wellesley (1769-1852) by Wu WenJie INTRODUCTION as an aide-de-camp to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, before Arthur Wellesley was an Anglo- being promoted to Lieutenant Irish general and statesman, victor in the same year. During that of the Waterloo Campaign and twice period, Wellington was involved British Prime Minister. Known as in social activities with his the 1st Duke of Wellington or, Duke superior, playing with his violin of Wellington, he is most famous and unfortunately, indulged in for his major role in the Napoleonic gambling.3 Wellington’s life took th wars during the 19 century. a complete change when he fell in love with Catherine Pakenham, EARLY LIFE daughter to the 2nd Baron Longford. Arthur Wesley was born in In 1793, Wellington's proposal Dublin on 1st May 1769 to the 1st was turned down by Catherine’s Earl and Countess of Mornington. brother, Thomas Pakenham, who In 1798, he changed his surname to considered him a poor man who Wellesley.1 As the third son in the had no goals in his life, un tting family, he was not as exemplary to the status of Catherine and the 4 as his brothers. The young duke Pakenham family. This spurred was not a promising student at the young duke to reconsider his Eton back then; he was withdrawn current lifestyle and thus began to and sent to private classes in pursue his military career. Brussels, followed by a military MILITARY CAREER school—the French Royal Academy of Equitation in Angers.2 During Defeat in Flanders his time in Angers, he was taught Having purchased lieutenant various skills such as riding, colonelcy in September 1793, fencing, mathematics, literature, Wellington set sail for Flanders as well as French. Wellington also in his very rst battle experience expressed interest in music and he against the French forces. During took up violin as a specialisation. the campaign, assisting the Duke of York, he realised that the Following his mother’s advice, communications and order of the Wellington joined the army in troops and its generals were very March 1787 and with the help of disorganised. Wellington treated his brother, Richard Wellesley, this as a lesson on 'what one ought Wellington was attached to the not to do. The British eventually 73rd (Highland) Regiment of Foot lost the battle.5 POINTER, JOURNAL OF THE SINGAPORE ARMED FORCES VOL.40 NO.4 8 AmendedPersonality Profile-Arthur Wellesley .indd 81 12/12/2014 11:02 personality prole 82 FOURTH ANGLO-MYSORE WAR before attacking again. By the as The Treaty of Bassein. While following day, Wellington’s forces Following the defeat in the EIC was negotiating with managed to secure Sultanpettah Flanders, Wellington returned the Marathas, Wellington's army and the forces marched towards to England in March 1795 before marched towards the Scindia’s Seringapatam. Wellington was setting sail for India in May 1796. stronghold in Ahmednagar. The then deployed as a reserve to His brother, Richard, was then Marathas felt that the British support the siege of Seringapatam. the Governor-General of India. should not be involved in their On 4th May, Tipu Sultan was killed To extend the rule of the British affairs and refused to submit to and Seringapatam was captured. East India Company (EIC) over the EIC. When negotiations fell, India, Richard ordered the capture Wellington's forces took over When Seringapatam was taken of Seringapatam, a city located Ahmednagar. over, the troops were given the north of Mysore. Wellington took liberty of plundering the town and Wellington then received part in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore the native citizens cowered in fear intelligence about enemies War against Tipu Sultan, ruler of as the whole town was in chaos. stationed at the village of Assaye. the Kingdom of Mysore. During In response to this, Wellington He personally scouted the Maratha the preparation for the war, instilled order and discipline as he camp and discovered a huge Wellington took charge of logistics called for troops to be stationed in army. The Scindia had allied with and understood the importance the town and hanged some of the the Raja of Berar, forming an of managing and securing supply plunderers.8 The plundering soon extensive force of an estimated lines.6 stopped and the people returned 40,000 to 200,000 men.11 Though to their homes in peace. Within War broke out on Mallavelly, severely outnumbered, Wellington days, the town became lively once rd where the Sultan’s army tried to fought the Marathas Army on 23 more, with thriving businesses attack the invaders. Fortunately, September 1803. and crowds lling up the streets. they failed. Wellington’s 33rd Wellington displayed excellent The Marathas Army deployed regiment assisted the forces of attributes of a commander and artillery and cavalry units at the General George Harris against the along with the recognition of his front line against Wellington’s Sultan’s army and drove them to contributions, he was made the forces. Using the terrain to his retreat from Mallavelly, back into Governor of Seringapatam and advantage, Wellington’s forces Seringapatam. The forces of General Mysore.9 concealed themselves on the Harris and Wellington arrived at reverse slopes of the grounds Seringapatam in 1799 and began Battle of Assaye to avoid taking damage from their siege on the outlying village In 1802, rivalry between the artillery. At close range, of Sultanpettah. The attack proved factions of the Maratha Wellington’s infantry charged to be unsuccessful due to the fact Confederacy initiated a war.10 and broke through the Marathas that it was utter darkness when The Holkars attacked Scindia front line. As Wellington’s forces they commenced the attack and and Peshwas, forcing Baji Rao II, advanced, some of the Marathas the soldiers were ghting against Peshwa of Pune to ee. Baji Rao gunners feigned death. They the Sultan’s forces that were II sought the help of the EIC to surprised the British by attacking already prepared for their attack.7 restore his throne and agreed to from the rear. In response to this, Wellington was decisive and made submit to the EIC’s authority in Wellington deployed his cavalry the right choice—to retreat and exchange. The Peshwa then signed to break apart their gun line and scout his enemies’ positions a treaty with the British, known ensured that no gunners were POINTER, JOURNAL OF THE SINGAPORE ARMED FORCES VOL.40 NO.4 8 AmendedPersonality Profile-Arthur Wellesley .indd 82 12/12/2014 11:02 personality prole 83 left alive. The battle of Assaye short-lived as he was called back During the battle of Toulouse, only lasted for a few hours. to active service against Napoleon the United Kingdom and France Despite being outnumbered by Bonaparte, Emperor of France.14 incurred huge amount of the Marathas, Wellingon’s forces casualties.15 News of Napoleon's France had allied with Spain managed to drive the Marathas abdication nally reached and invaded Portugal in 1807. army to retreat and emerged as Wellington and his opponent, the grand victor, with casualties In response to the attacks, the Marshal General of the French Army, of his army close to 1,600, out British decided to intervene to Jean-de-Dieu Soult. The battle was of 6,000 men, while the Marathas stop Napoleon from expanding. In put to an end by Marshal Soult who Army had 5,000 men.12 Wellington’s 1808, Wellington’s forces defeated realised that there was no longer experience in the eld, along the French army in the Battle of a purpose to continue ghting. with his leadership qualities and Napoleon was then sent to exile Vimeiro and with England and calmness, led his men to believe on Elba in 1814 while Wellington Portugal joining forces, the Anglo- that victory was possible. By the returned to England and was Portuguese Army was formed with end of 1803, Scindia and Berar granted a dukedom, making him surrendered to the EIC. The Battle Wellington as its Commander-in- the rst Duke of Wellington. of Assaye was said to be nest Chief. Battle of Waterloo achievement for Wellington and his rst major victory in battle In 1809, France once again Napoleon, who was unwilling to history. invaded Portugal. Wellington, in spend the remainder of his days on command of the Anglo-Portuguese Elba, escaped and landed in Cannes, st Throughout his years in India, Army, engaged the French forces France on 1 March 1815. Troops Wellington gained the experience who were still loyal to Napoleon in the Battle of Porto. The battle and qualities of a commander that defected to him and they marched ended with Wellington’s victory would later allow him to excel in into Paris on 19th March where he and the French forces retreated his future battles—leadership, took command and drove out Louis into Spain. With Spain, England and decision-making, discipline, care XVIII, King of France, in an attempt for soldiers, careful planning and Portugal ghting against France, to regain power. At that point of preparations, military strategy and Wellington led the Allied Army time, Wellington had already been maintaining diplomatic relations and liberated Portugal and Madrid, sent to the Congress of Vienna as an with civilians. When Wellington the Spanish capital. In 1812, the Ambassador of Great Britain. Upon requested to return to England in Sixth Coalition was formed—this hearing the news, the ambassadors 1804, he was made Knight of The included Austria, Prussia, Russia, of the allied countries declared Bath for his contributions. the United Kingdom, Portugal, Napoleon as an outlaw.16 Leaving Vienna, Wellington became the Peninsular Wars Sweden, Spain and several other German States.
Recommended publications
  • FALL of MARATHAS, 1798–1818 A.D. the Position of Marathas in 1798 A.D

    FALL of MARATHAS, 1798–1818 A.D. the Position of Marathas in 1798 A.D

    M.A. (HISTORY) PART–II PAPER–II : GROUP C, OPTION (i) HISTORY OF INDIA (1772–1818 A.D.) LESSON NO. 2.4 AUTHOR : PROF. HARI RAM GUPTA FALL OF MARATHAS, 1798–1818 A.D. The Position of Marathas in 1798 A.D. The Marathas had been split up into a loose confederacy. At the head of the Maratha empire was Raja of Sitara. His power had been seized by the Peshwa Baji Rao II was the Peshwa at this time. He became Peshwa at the young age of twenty one in December, 1776 A.D. He had the support of Nana Pharnvis who had secured approval of Bhonsle, Holkar and Sindhia. He was destined to be the last Peshwa. He loved power without possessing necessary courage to retain it. He was enamoured of authority, but was too lazy to exercise it. He enjoyed the company of low and mean companions who praised him to the skies. He was extremely cunning, vindictive and his sense of revenge. His fondness for wine and women knew no limits. Such is the character sketch drawn by his contemporary Elphinstone. Baji Rao I was a weak man and the real power was exercised by Nana Pharnvis, Prime Minister. Though Nana was a very capable ruler and statesman, yet about the close of his life he had lost that ability. Unfortunately, the Peshwa also did not give him full support. Daulat Rao Sindhia was anxious to occupy Nana's position. He lent a force under a French Commander to Poona in December, 1797 A.D. Nana Pharnvis was defeated and imprisoned in the fort of Ahmadnagar.
  • Pierre Riel, the Marquis De Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte's Spanish Policy, 1802-05 Michael W

    Pierre Riel, the Marquis De Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte's Spanish Policy, 1802-05 Michael W

    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Fear and Domination: Pierre Riel, the Marquis de Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte's Spanish Policy, 1802-05 Michael W. Jones Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Fear and Domination: Pierre Riel, the Marquis de Beurnonville at the Spanish Court and Napoleon Bonaparte’s Spanish Policy, 1802-05 By Michael W. Jones A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Spring Semester 2005 Copyright 2004 Michael W. Jones All Rights Reserved The members of the Committee approved the dissertation of Michael W. Jones defended on 28 April 2004. ________________________________ Donald D. Horward Professor Directing Dissertation ________________________________ Outside Committee Member Patrick O’Sullivan ________________________________ Jonathan Grant Committee Member ________________________________ James Jones Committee Member ________________________________ Paul Halpern Committee Member The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii This dissertation is dedicated to the memory of my father Leonard William Jones and my mother Vianne Ruffino Jones. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Earning a Ph.D. has been the most difficult task of my life. It is an endeavor, which involved numerous professors, students, colleagues, friends and family. When I started at Florida State University in August 1994, I had no comprehension of how difficult it would be for everyone involved. Because of the help and kindness of these dear friends and family, I have finally accomplished my dream.
  • Waterloo in Myth and Memory: the Battles of Waterloo 1815-1915 Timothy Fitzpatrick

    Waterloo in Myth and Memory: the Battles of Waterloo 1815-1915 Timothy Fitzpatrick

    Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2013 Waterloo in Myth and Memory: The Battles of Waterloo 1815-1915 Timothy Fitzpatrick Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES WATERLOO IN MYTH AND MEMORY: THE BATTLES OF WATERLOO 1815-1915 By TIMOTHY FITZPATRICK A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2013 Timothy Fitzpatrick defended this dissertation on November 6, 2013. The members of the supervisory committee were: Rafe Blaufarb Professor Directing Dissertation Amiée Boutin University Representative James P. Jones Committee Member Michael Creswell Committee Member Jonathan Grant Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my Family iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Drs. Rafe Blaufarb, Aimée Boutin, Michael Creswell, Jonathan Grant and James P. Jones for being on my committee. They have been wonderful mentors during my time at Florida State University. I would also like to thank Dr. Donald Howard for bringing me to FSU. Without Dr. Blaufarb’s and Dr. Horward’s help this project would not have been possible. Dr. Ben Wieder supported my research through various scholarships and grants. I would like to thank The Institute on Napoleon and French Revolution professors, students and alumni for our discussions, interaction and support of this project.
  • The Education of a Field Marshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia

    The Education of a Field Marshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia

    University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 1992 The education of a field am rshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia/ David G. Cotter University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Cotter, David G., "The ducae tion of a field marshal :: Wellington in India and Iberia/" (1992). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 1417. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/1417 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EDUCATION OF A FIELD MARSHAL WELLINGTON IN INDIA AND IBERIA A Thesis Presented by DAVID' G. COTTER Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS May, 1992 Department of History Copyright by David G. Cotter 1992 All Rights Reserved ' THE EDUCATION OF A FIELD MARSHAL WELLINGTON IN INDIA AND IBERIA A Thesis Presented by DAVID G. COTTER Approved as to style and content by Franklin B. Wickwire, Chair )1 Mary B/ Wickwire 'Mary /5. Wilson Robert E. Jones^ Department Chai^r, History ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to all in the History department at the University of Massachusetts, especially Professors Stephen Pelz, Marvin Swartz, R. Dean Ware, Mary Wickwire and Mary Wilson. I am particularly indebted to Professor Franklin Wickwire. He performed as instructor, editor, devil's advocate, mentor and friend.
  • Grand Battery Battles in India Part One the Second Anglo-Maratha War

    Grand Battery Battles in India Part One the Second Anglo-Maratha War

    Grand Battery Battles in India Part One The Second Anglo-Maratha War The war started as a result of faction fighting in the Maratha Confederacy. Officially, Baji Rao II was the head of the Marathas, but he was under challenge from Doulut Rao Sindhia (Gwalior) and Jaswant Rao Holkar (Indore). Other leaders also fancied their chances including Gaekwar and Ragogee Bhonsla. A civil war broke out which led to the defeat of Baji Rao II’s forces at the Battle of Poona on October 25 1802. He fled into exile under the protection of the British, subsequently signing the Treaty of Bassein in which he ceded territory to the British and agreed to have no external dealings with other powers (notably the French). Wellesley was then determined to support Baji Rao II’s claim to the throne and re-installed him at Poona on May 13 1803. Negotiations opened with the leading contenders for the throne, but with no breakthrough in sight, Wellesley moved against the combined forces of Sindhia and the Raja of Berar. The two Maratha armies were a considerable force to be reckoned with. The Raja of Berar could muster around 10,500 regular infantry and upwards of 40,000 other troops. The Scindia army was around 35,000 strong and commanded by the Hanoverian Pohlmann. Wellesley mustered two armies of his own. In the north was a force under General Lake and in the south a combined force under Wellesley himself. His army consisted of some 11,000 troops, supported by the Hyderabad Contingent of 9,400 and around 5,000 light horse (Mysore and Maratha allies).
  • Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject : History

    Expansion and Consolidation of Colonial Power Subject : History

    Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Subject : History Lesson : Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Course Developers Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Prof. Lakshmi Subramaniam Professor, Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Kolkata Dynamics of colonial expansion--1 and Dynamics of colonial expansion--2: expansion and consolidation of colonial rule in Bengal, Mysore, Western India, Sindh, Awadh and the Punjab Dr. Anirudh Deshpande Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Delhi Language Editor: Swapna Liddle Formating Editor: Ashutosh Kumar 1 Institute of lifelong learning, University of Delhi Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Table of contents Chapter 2: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.2.1: Dynamics of colonial expansion - I 2.2.2: Dynamics of colonial expansion – II: expansion and consolidation of colonial rule in Bengal, Mysore, Western India, Awadh and the Punjab Summary Exercises Glossary Further readings 2 Institute of lifelong learning, University of Delhi Expansion and consolidation of colonial power 2.1: Expansion and consolidation of colonial power Introduction The second half of the 18th century saw the formal induction of the English East India Company as a power in the Indian political system. The battle of Plassey (1757) followed by that of Buxar (1764) gave the Company access to the revenues of the subas of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and a subsequent edge in the contest for paramountcy in Hindustan. Control over revenues resulted in a gradual shift in the orientation of the Company‟s agenda – from commerce to land revenue – with important consequences. This chapter will trace the development of the Company‟s rise to power in Bengal, the articulation of commercial policies in the context of Mercantilism that developed as an informing ideology in Europe and that found limited application in India by some of the Company‟s officials.
  • The Expansion of British India During the Second Mahratta

    The Expansion of British India During the Second Mahratta

    Hist 480 Research essay The expansion of British India during the second Mahratta war The strategic, logistic and political difficulties of the 2nd Anglo- Mahratta campaign of General Lake and Arthur Wellesley primarily against Dawlut Rao Scindia and Bhonsla Rajah of Berar By John Richardson 77392986 Supervised by Jane Buckingham 2014 ‘This dissertation is submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of BA Honours in History at the University of Canterbury. This dissertation is the result of my own work. Material from the published or unpublished work of other historians used in the dissertation is credited to the author in the footnote references. The dissertation is approximately 10,000 words in length.’ 1 Abstract The period of British colonialism and the expansion of British influence in India occurred over a number of years. This research paper focuses primarily on the period from 1798 to 1805, with particular reference to the period of conflict in 1803. While many aspects of this period are well known, a number of less well recognised influences have had considerable impact on the capacity for British expansionism. This research paper examines the influence of the second Anglo-Mahratta wars, and in particular of the simultaneous campaigns of General Lake and Arthur Wellesley, primarily against Dawlut Rao Scindia and Bhonsla, Rajah of Berar. These campaigns have particular political and military significance, and mark a change in Anglo-Indian relations. The military strategies, intentions and outcomes of these are discussed, and recognition given to the innovations in regard to logistics and warfare. These elements were central to the expansion of British influence as they resulted in both the acceptance of the British as a great martial power, and helped to create a myth of the invincibility of British arms.
  • Department of Defence and Strategic Studies

    Department of Defence and Strategic Studies

    Department of Defence and Strategic Studies University of Allahabad ALLAHABAD Lecture List B.A./B.Sc. (First Year) LECTURE LIST INSTRUCTIONS — The syllabus is divided into five units. — The examinees will have to attempt Five Questions in all. All questions will carry equal marks. Two questions will be asked from each uint. The examinees will have to attempt one question from each unit. — The questions will be of three types requiring short answers, medium answers and long/essay type answers. These instructions will be applicable for all the papers for theory examination. B.A./B.Sc I Ist PAPER THE ART OF WAR IN INDIA (UPTO 1947) UNIT I 1. Indo-Greek art of war with special reference to the Battle of Hydaspes, 326 B.C. 2. Kautilya's philosophy of war : Military organisation, art of war and inter-state relations. 3. Maurya Military System as described by Greek historians. UNIT 2 4. Hindu Military System during the age of Guptas and Harsh with reference to the decline of chariots and the rise of cavalary upto 7th century AD. 5. Rajput Military System and Turk pattern of warfare with special reference to the battle of Somnath & Terrain upto 12th Century AD. UNIT 3 6. Army organisation during Sultanate period. Military & Economic reforms of Allauddin Khilji. 7. Invasion of Babur with reference to battle of Panipat & Khanwa. A Mughal Military System under Akbar. (1) 12. Tripathi, R.P. Rise and fall of the Moghals. 8. Maratha Military System under Shivaji and 13. Gupta, H.R. Marathas & Panipat. weaknesses of Maratha Military System after Shivaji 14.
  • Revisiting Wellington's Greatest Battles from Assaye to Waterloo

    Revisiting Wellington's Greatest Battles from Assaye to Waterloo

    MOVING FORWARD IN THE OLD STYLE ‘Moving forward in the old style’: Revisiting Wellington’s Greatest Battles from Assaye to Waterloo HUW J. DAVIES Defence Studies Department, King’s College London Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Waterloo, as Wellington's final battle, and his only encounter with Napoleon, has been feted by historians as the Iron Duke's greatest battle. This article argues that, whilst the circumstances of the battle undoubtedly render it as one of Wellington's greatest, in terms of its importance in military history (i.e. the history of how wars are fought) Waterloo is in fact not Wellington's greatest battle. Instead, the article examines two of Wellington's own choices as his greatest: Assaye, fought in India in September 1803, and the Nivelle, fought in the foothills of the Pyrenees. Across a sweep of history that takes in Wellington's whole military career, it can be seen that these two battles represent Wellington's learning curve, and illustrate his tactical, operational and strategic brilliance. By contrast, Waterloo was for Wellington a hard fought, but disappointing battle, since Napoleon has proven less effective an opponent that expected. Indeed, the victory at Waterloo arguably bred stagnation and lazy thinking about the military profession within the British Army between 1815 and 1854. As the 200th Anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo approaches, a new volume on the great encounter between Wellington and Napoleon seemingly appears on a daily basis. As the historian of memory Alan Forrest has noted, this preponderance of literature is reflective of the national sprit the British associate with the battle.
  • Napoleon's Heavy Cavalry, the Cuirassier and Carabinier: Their Arms, Armor, and Tactics

    Napoleon's Heavy Cavalry, the Cuirassier and Carabinier: Their Arms, Armor, and Tactics

    Napoleon's Heavy Cavalry, the Cuirassier and Carabinier: Their Arms, Armor, and Tactics Ricky E. Parrish Napoleon Bonaparte came to power in France after his coup of 18 Rmmaire year WIT (9 November 1799). Guided by his organizational genius, each branch of the French army- infantry, cavalry, and artillery-underwent a reorganization. Napoleon had definite ideas as to the role of each of these services, and he wanted to mold them into the most efficient army in Europe. According to Napoleon, there were four types of cavalry: scouts, light cavalry, dragoons, and Cuirus- siers (heavy cavalry).' On 17 September 1802, Napoleon ordered the heavy cavalry within the army to be reduced to twenty regiments: two Carabiniers and eighteen cuirassier^.^ (The Carabi- niers were elite heavy cavalry units), Originally, only six of these units were to be issued the cuirass; however, by the first problem was the weight of the weapon. The flat, end of 1803 twelve regiments of armored heavy cavalry unfullered blade was very heavy, and the troopers com- existed within the French army. 'l'wo more regiments of plained about this weight. The second problem was the Cuirassier were added by 1810, and the two Carabinier construction of the hilt. The three side bars did not extend regiments were armored after taking heavy casualties during into the pommel, which was a cause of weakness in the hilt. the 1809 campaign.3 Therefore, there were a total of sixteen The lack of a brass ferrule at the base of the grip gave the armored cavalry regiments in the French army at the height of weapon a tendency to split.
  • Dakhan History : Musalmán & Marátha, A.D. 1300-1818

    Dakhan History : Musalmán & Marátha, A.D. 1300-1818

    DAKHAN HISTORY GAZETTER OF THE BOMBAY PRESIDENCY VOLUME 1 PART II BOOK I - ‘HISTORY OF THE KONKAN, By the Reverend Alexander Kyd Nairne, (XVI, 1-131 PP) BOOK II - ‘EARLY HISTORY OF THE DAKHAN DOWN TO THE MAHOMEDAN CONQUEST. By Professor Ramkrishna Gopal Bhandarkar (IV, 132-275 PP) BOOK III - ‘THE DYNASTIES OF THE KANARESE DISTRICTS OF THE BOMBAY PRESIDENCY from the earliest historical times to the Musalman Conquest. By John Faithfull Fleet (XIV, 277-584 PP) BOOK IV - DAK HAN HISTORY, MUSALMAN AND MARATHA A.D. 1300-1818. PARTI.-PoonaSataraand Sholapur. PART II. - Khandesh Nasik and Ahmadnagar. By W.W. Loch (585-634 PP) BOOK V. - HISTORY OF THE BOMBAY KARNATAKA MUSALMAN AND MARATHA A.D. 1300-1818, Colonel E.W. West(635-670 PP) INDEX (671-770 PP) •available under AES imprint DAKHAN HISTORY MUSALMAN & MARATHA A.D. 1300-1818 PART I POONA SA’TA’RA & SHOLA’PUR PART II KHANDESH NASIK & AHMED NAGAR W.W. LOCH ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES NEW DELHI ★ MADRAS ★ 1989 ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES. * C-2/15, S.D.A. NEW DELHI-110016 * 5 SRIPGRAM FIRST STREET, MADRAS-600014. Price Rs 45 AFS Reprint 1989 First Published 1877 ISBN 81-206-0467-9 Published by J Jetley for ASIAN EDUCATIONAL SERVICES 02/15. SDA New Delhi-110016 Processed by APEX PUBLICATION SERVICES New Delhi-110 016 Printed at AGGARWAL Printers Deputy Ganj. Sadar Bazar Delhi-6 DAK I IAN IILSTOHY: M1JSALMAN AND MARATHA, a.d. 1300-1818. Part I—Poona Sa'ta'ra and Shola'pur, LY W. W. LOCK Esquire, BOMBAT CIVIL SERVICE. [Costsibuted m 187?,] DAKHAN HISTORY.
  • Napoleon Bonaparte Očima Francouzských Řadových Vojáků a Důstojníků

    Napoleon Bonaparte Očima Francouzských Řadových Vojáků a Důstojníků

    TECHNICKÁ UNIVERZITA V LIBERCI Fakulta přírodovědně-humanitní a pedagogická NAPOLEON BONAPARTE OČIMA FRANCOUZSKÝCH ŘADOVÝCH VOJÁKŮ A DŮSTOJNÍKŮ DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Liberec 2014 Bc. Filip TRDLA Poděkování Děkuji PhDr. Pavlu Smržovi za jeho pomoc při psaní této diplomové práce. Především za jeho rady, objektivní kritiku a věcné připomínky. Poděkování patří také všem, kteří mě během celého studia podporovali. Anotace Diplomová práce se na základě pramenů osobní povahy a sekundární literatury snaží rekonstruovat vztah řadových francouzských vojáků a důstojníků k Napoleonovi Bonapartovi a obecně zmapovat pohled vojáků na jednoho z nejvýznamnějších vojevůdců a politiků (nejen) 18.–19. století. Cílem práce je též analýza příčin glorifikace Napoleonovy osobnosti a snaha vysvětlit důvody vzniku Napoleonova "kultu neporazitelného génia". Tento vztah bude analyzován z hlediska časového, kdy bude srovnáván pohled na historicky prvního francouzského císaře v období raných úspěchů s vnímáním jeho osoby v době největších úspěchů, ale i pádů. Druhým hlediskem bude určování a analýza vztahů k Napoleonovi z pohledu osob různé vojenské hodnosti včetně maršálů napoleonské Francie. V práci jsou použity metody komparace a analýzy. Klíčová slova 18. století 19. století historie Francie maršálové Francie Napoleon Bonaparte napoleonské války paměti vojáků propaganda První císařství Alexander Louis Berthier Jean Lannes Marcellin de Marbot Paul Charles Thiébault Marengo Slavkov Annotation Diploma thesis based on a personal character of sources and secondary literature attempts to reconstruct a relationship of ordinary French soldiers and officers to Napoleon Bonaparte and generally to map a view of the soldiers on one of the greatest generals and politicians (not only) 18th to 19th century. The aim of this work is an analysis of the causes of the glorification of Napoleon's personality and attempts to explain the reasons for the emergence of Napoleon's "cult of undefeated genius".