THINK LOGISTICS – SPACE LOGISTICS ! Florian Loire Strategy for Civil Launchers

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THINK LOGISTICS – SPACE LOGISTICS ! Florian Loire Strategy for civil launchers

Space School - 25 June 2019 #spaceenablers 1 DISRUPTION IN THE SPACE MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SPACE LOGISTICS @ ESTACA - 25/06/2019 Existing Space Economy has real economic value to society Science & Meteorology …. Exploration Navigation/Positioning

Earth Observation

Telecommunications

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. #spaceenablers THE GOOD OLD DAYS: A FEW WELL SEGMENTED LAUNCH SERVICE MARKET SEGMENTS

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S SPACE LOGISTICS @ ESTACA 07/12/2018 WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - ARIANE 5 THE EUROPEAN WORKHORSE WITH 104 LAUNCHES PERFORMED

ARIANE 5 ES Fairing ARIANE 5 ECA Height: 17 m Launch weight: 760 t Ø 5.4 m Launch weight: 780 t Thrust: 1,340 t Thrust: 1,340 t Dual Launch System (SYLDA) Ø 4 m useful

Last HM7B engine Still the Thrust: 6.5 t mission in benchmark 2018 Reignitable Aestus engine for GTO Thrust: 2.7 t missions

2 boosters

Vulcain 2 engine Thrust: 136 t

* All references to tons (t) are metric tons throughout THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SASGMBH – ALL– ALL RIGHTS RIGHTS RESERVED. RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 REVOLUTION: LEO SMALLSATS CONSTELLATIONS

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - Source: www.astranis.com REVOLUTION: IN ORBIT SERVICING

Source: ESA.blog.int Source: Effective Space Solution

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. SPACE LOGISTICS @ ESTACA - Institutional market complemented with Digital Economy financing ….  New business models

What Disruption is taking place?

High Tech Industry  Industrial optimization Geopolitical environment  Acceleration of Innovation Cycles  National interests of contributing nations  New work methodologies  Sovereignty and strategic / military interests (digitalization, Agile…)

….

1st launch Domestic competition 1st launch st in 2018 1 launch in 2017 MEDIUM / HEAVY LAUNCHERS in 2016 2021

Ariane 5 Soyuz Proton Falcon 9 Atlas V H-II Long March-3 GSLV Mk.II Ariane 6 Falcon Heavy New Glenn Vulcan OmegA Starship Angara H-III Soyuz 5 Long March-5 GSLV Mk.III Falcon 9 A5 Block 5

1st launch in 1st launch 2015 et 2016 SMALL LAUNCHERS in 2016

1st launch in 2018

Vega PSLV Dnepr Minotaur-C Rockot Long March-2 Soyuz-1 Vega C PSLV Angara 1.2 Cyclone 4M Epsilon 2 Long March- 6 & 7 Electron LauncherOne Vector Alpha

TODAY TOMORROW

2 TOWARDS SPACE LOGISTICS SERVICES

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 SPACE LOGISTICS CONCEPT ADAPTING END-TO-END TRANSPORTATION SERVICE TO CLIENT NEEDS Defining the nodes and flows of the space transportation network

(Constellation) Satellite

GEO Satellite Asteroids Mars

Earth Sub-orbital/ HAPS Space Station(s) Moon

To transport: For activities on nodes Enabling growth in market segments • Micro/small to large satellites Navigation Telecom Earth Observation • Cargo / payloads • Humans Safety & Security Human flight + cargo Science • Raw materials • Fuels Space Production Mining • …

A (very) profitable business prospect

Conventional Futuristic

Conventional commercial customers Futuristic visions of scalability • Telecom broadcast • “Millions of people working and living in space” (Blue Origin) • Broadband • “Making life multi-planetary” (SpaceX) • Earth observation • “Moon Village” (ESA) • … • “Space belongs to everyone” (PTScientists) • “There are $20 trillion checks up there to be cashed” (Planetary Resources) Institutional enablers / customers • “The addressable market could be as large as $37 billion” (NASA, DoD, EC, ESA, CNES, DLR, …) (Bigelow)

Enabled through cash available for investment

• Customer contracts • Company investments Public Private • R&D contracts / Grants (institutional, • Private fortune Partnerships conventional commercial) • Equity raises through venture capital

Enabling Space Economy

 Identification of minimum bricks for an efficient transport service  Simplification for customer by offering end-to-end service  Increasing addressable market by offering extra service capabilities

for increased societal return

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - ARIANE 6 UNPRECEDENTED FLEXIBILITY, MODULARITY AND COMPETITIVENESS Fairing ARIANE 62 Height: 14 or 20 m ARIANE 64 (2 BOOSTERS) Ø 5.4 m (4 BOOSTERS)

Performance: Dual launch system Performance: 4.5-5 t GTO Ø 4.5 m useful 12 t* GTO Launch weight: 530 t* Launch weight: 860 t

Thrust: 816 t Reignitable Vinci engine Thrust: 1,530 t Thrust: 18 t

2 or 4 P120C boosters (common with Vega C) Thrust: 459 t Vulcain 2.1 engine Thrust: 140 t

* All references to tons (t) are metric tons throughout

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SASGMBH – ALL– ALL RIGHTS RIGHTS RESERVED. RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 ARIANE 6 ALL COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL MISSIONS

ARIANE 64 PERFORMANCE

MEO

LEO 20 t

GTO 12 t

SSO

A competitive and continuously improving launcher Development of alternative vs launch vehicles targeting the same family is the first key building block timeframe

ICARUS new lightweight upper stage (by 2025)

Vega-C 2020 Ariane 6 maiden flight 2020 maiden flight FOC 2023 Prometheus

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 MISSION VERSATILITY IS KEY COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE

A family of innovative dispensers and future AG kickstage to answer several market needs and improve Ariane 6 market capture

Multi-payload for GTO and M/LEO constellation GEO dispatching • Dual launch towards GTO • Deploying (big) constellations • Transportation of stack of small • Replenishing in multiple planes sats to GEO • Galileo 1st and 2nd generation Dispenser(s)

MLS Rideshare

• A regular piggyback Launch Service for light Satellites Enabling complex and long • Offering affordable tickets to any duration missions Orbit, to all segments of the light Satellites market • From the spare capacity of the • Exploration (lunar and cargo) Launcher, after the primary Kick Stage(s) • Large Science missions A62 A64 passenger mission

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 18 LUNAR EXPLORATION Total Government Investment

Global interest converging towards 2013-2017 2018-2022 2023-2027 the Moon $67B $81B $93B

2017 $15B (74% from US ) 2008-2017 -> 6 Mars missions 53% 25% 10% 9% 3% transportation orbital Mars other deep Moon 2018-2027 -> Mars missions 10 infrastructure exploration space exploration exploration

44% 26% 14% 9% 7% 2008-2017 -> 8 Lunar missions transportation orbital Moon other deep Mars infrastructure exploration space exploration exploration 2018-2027 -> 50 Lunar missions 2027 $20B (64% from US ) Lunar Surface End-to-End Services (ISRU)

Ariane 6 + Lander + ~300kg A flagship missions for Europe, payload transportation to the by Europe, for strategic lunar Moon starting in 2021 Exploration capabilities

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 19 LUNAR PAYLOAD DELIVERY SERVICE (ESA HRE STUDY) ROADMAP BENEFITTING OF PLANNED ARIANE 6 IMPROVEMENTS

Moon Surface Moon Surface Moon Surface Moon Surface Basic Medium Medium Evo Heavy payload

Shared launch Increased pairing with orbit raising capability due to Upper Position: GTO payload sat is assumed lighter Upper Stage

Kickstage doubles lunar surface P/L Lower Position: Lunar Lander capability at marginal extra cost New Upper Stage

ESA Lunar surface P/L ~300kg ~600kg ~600kg Heracles Mission

THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - 25/06/2019 20 EUROPEAN INDEPENDENT ACCESS TO THE LUNAR SURFACE

Strategic European positioning on lunar exploration for future cooperation

100% European ‘New Space’ approach through innovative partnering between ArianeGroup and PTScientists leveraging on private investments

Short term, affordable and feasible sovereign access to lunar surface guaranteeing European interests in future moon village

Proving A64 versatility using mixed mission dual launch with Arianespace

Roadmap towards increased lunar surface capability taking benefit of planned improvements of Ariane 6

A mission for Europe, by Europe, for strategic lunar Exploration capabilities

LEO/MEO Enabling RTG launch: Constellation Sample Return MSR, Ice Giant etc… deployment caspule

Efficient access to GEO

Lunar surface mission Kick Stage for heavy payloads to the Moon/cis-lunar Ascender/lander to the Moon surface

Cis-lunar human- THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S rated vehicle WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SAS – ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. - THIS DOCUMENT AND ITS CONTENTS ARE PROPERTY OF ARIANEGROUP. IT SHALL NOT BE COMMUNICATED TO ANY THIRD PARTY WITHOUT THE OWNER’S WRITTEN CONSENT | ARIANEGROUP SASGMBH – ALL– ALL RIGHTS RIGHTS RESERVED. RESERVED. - 25/06/2019