Vol. XVIII No. 1 January, 1963 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE ASSOCIATION OF JEWISH REFUGEES IN GREAT BRITAIN

a FAIRFAX MANSIONS, FINCHLEY RD. (corner Fairfax Rd.), London, N.W.3 Off let and Consulting Houn: Telephone : MAIda Vale 9096.'7 (General Ofhce and Welfare for the Aged) Monday to Tluirsday 10 a.m.—1 p.m. 3—6 p.m. MAIda Vale 4449 (Employment Agency, annually licensed by the L.C.C.. and Social Services Dept.) fridaf 10 ajn.-1 p.m.

Or. Rudolf R. Levy against any reference to international jurisdiction, and those who—as did Great Britain, France and Holland—sponsored the appeal to an ii}temational court, whether the Intemational Court of Justice PROTECTION AGAINST GROUP ATROCITIES or a special international high court for deating with acts of genocide. The latter took their stand on the fact that genocide could rarely be com­ The Genocide Convention mitted without the participation and tolerance of the State and therefore it would be, as the repre­ In connection with the neo-Nazi occurrences acceptance of rules applied first only among sentative of the Philippines formulated it, para­ Sir Barnett Janner, M.P., President of the Board of several nations and gradually becoming recognised doxical to leave punishment to the same State. Deputies, initiated a debate in the House of principles of international law." On the other hand, it may safely be assumed that Commons some time ago on the question of Great To avoid difficulties arising from the interpreta­ those who oppose international jurisdiction on Britain's accession to the Genocide Convention, tion of a general concept, a list of acts was given this matter would also not accept the jurisdiction the international agreement against group murder, in Article 2 which fall within the meaning of of a high court of this kind. Exertions for the in the course of which thc Government representa­ genocide if they are committed with the purpose of establishment of an international criminal high tive stated that " the difiBcuIties involved are such destroying a national, ethnic, racial or religious court have been fruitless up to the present. There­ that the United Kingdom should not accede to it". group in its entirety or in part. The following fore, this 6th Article of the Convention diminishes What then is the purport of the Genocide Con- come within this category : killing members of the practical significance of the Genocide Con­ J^ntion and for what reasons was the British the group, causing serious bodily or mental harm vention. Government moved to refrain from acceding to to members of the group, deliberately inflicting this international convention ? on the group conditions of life calculated to bring According to Article 9, merely disputes The Second World War influenced profoundly about its physical destruction in whole or in part, between the Contracting Parties relating to the development and features of international imposing measures intended to prevent births the interpretation, application or fulfilment of the criminal law. Where plain martial law is concemed within the group, forcibly transferring children of Convention, including those relating to the there were already international treaties and rules the group to another group. responsibility of the State for genocide, are to ot common law. On the other hand, efforts to come before the International Court of Justice. According to Article 8 appeal may be made to treat crimes against humanity as acts particularly Punishable Acta subject to criminal law are of more recent date, the competent bodies of the United Nations for experiences during the Nazi period led to the " According to Article 3 of the Convention the appropriate measures for the prevention and sup­ making of genocide, or group murder, an act following acts are penal : genocide, conspiracy to pression of acts of genocide. particularly subject to criminal law. commit genocide, direct and public incitement to However, the article which gave rise to the v.-haracteristic of genocide is that the offender commit genocidci, attempt to commit genocide, refusal of the British Govemment to accede to the les to destroy a social group as such and that by complicity in genocide. On this Article the British Convention is Article No. 7, which states that ind' ^j''*"'s single persons suffer injury, not as and Polish representatives declared expressly : " genocide shall not be considered as political suV • ^'^" ''"' ^ members of a group, whereby " Incitement is punishable generally regardless of crimes for the purpose of extradition" and the "Ojective group hatred is the impelling factor. the results." Contracting Parties bind themselves in these cases di«^ "different species of group destruction may be Under Article 4 persons who commit genocide " to grant extradition in accordance with their J ""guished : physical group murder consi^s in or any of the acts mentioned in Article 3 shall be laws and treaties in force". ne physical destruction of the group. Biological punished " whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public oflficials or private s oup murder consists in destroying the power to IMbate In House of Commons propagate, by prevention of birth or by child individuals". This gave rise naturally to a dis­ eportation. Finally, there is cultural genocide, cussion of the appeal made by an offender on the As was explained in the House of Commons by .P^'^ting the ruin of the group's cultural founda- grounds of orders received from superiors, which Mr. Peter Thomas, the Joint Under-Secretary of T fv,- '^"S"3g^' religion and cultural traditions, played so great a part in war crime cases. Opinions State for Foreign Affairs, in reference to this fio J belongs, too, group destruction by disrup- were divided on this. Nehemiah Robinson's view article, the decisive question is : " Would it be deportation, etc., in so far as the aim of is that intent implies initiative, and therefore necessary, if the United Kingdom decided to such measures is to prevent the survival of the ordinarily it would seem that no intent could be group, become a party to the Convention, to amend the ascribed to persons merely fulfilling superior Extradition Act, 1870, to provide that an offence orders, however " superior orders would not be a of genocide should not be regarded as an offence Resdirtion of United Nations justification in those cases where the guilty party of a political character and by so doing to limit the was not only a tool of his superior, but partici­ traditional right of this country to grant political in '^^ Plenary Session of the United Nations stated pated in the ' conspiracy to commit genocide ' ". ;P a resolution of December llth, 1946, that The contracting parties bind themselves, so far asylum ? " As against this. Sir Barnett Janner ( "^"^^eide is a crime under international law, con- as their constitutions permit, to enact the necessary declared : "There is no question about its being a anP *° ^^^ ^P'"t and aims of the United Nations legislation to give effect to the provisions of the crime. If it is a crime and is so acknowledged to na condemned by the civilised world " and on present Convention. On the part of the Norwegian, be and condemned accordingly, how can thc "ecember 9th, 1948, it adopted the Convention Government be heard to say that if the crime of Canadian and Australian Govemments this Article genocide is committed, there is a political reason ,"?iiocide unanimously anci without abstentions. was interpreted to mean that additional legislation for avoiding extradition ? I do not understand BrV K **''""' noting that even at that time the is requisite only in States where thc existing this argument." and he asks the House : " How ritish delegate made a statement regarding a criminal law is inadequate for the prosecution of can we expect those 65 nations—including our own ^ssible reservation "concerning the right of all the acts subject to punishment in the Conven­ closest allies and friends and intimate connections of th ^ asylum and the need of a future study tion. Otherwise the Convention contains no —to regard us with anything but disrespect when Ian, Convention in so far as British criminal express obligation for " uniformed legislation". We do not accept what they have accepted, and * was concemed ". That was 14 years ago. To date only very few States have deemed it what their legal authorities obviously have told „ tn the Convention, which describes genocide as a necessary to supplement their criminal laws them is in order, but, instead, make some kind of niitf!,!!)^- ""^^er intemational law, whether com- accordingly, viz.: Israel, the German Federal legal excuse ? " cont '•" '™^ °^ peace or in time of war", fhe Republic and Denmark. py^.'^cting parties bind themselves to prevent and The crucial weakness of the Convention lies And though in its statement the British Govern­ Art-'1 '*^'^ "'""^ (Article 1). The discussion on this obviously in the provision conceming legal pro­ ment allays fears by saying that "the perpetrator sent included its lesal validity, and the repre- cedure that determines which court is competent to could and would be punished under the ordinary to"^''ves of Great Britain and the United States handle charees of genocide. In Article 6 it is criminal law ". the statements made by the Home ^^ the view that resolutions of the Plenary said that criminal procedure shall be conducted Secretary. Mr. H. Brooke, on the occasion of the "..^'on were by no means mandatory, but were " bv a competent tribunal of the State in the proceedings against Colin Jordan have shown only n, "JP'y declaratory statements" In his Com- territory of which the act was committed ", or " by too plainly that law and legal practice by no means ^ ntar\' on this Convention Nehemiah Robinson sue'' intemational penal tribunal as mav have adequately cover actions which are the subject of •mem^"- "^'^e basic position is whether this state- iiirisdiction with respect to those Contracting the Genocide Convention and that recent occur­ crim J'^Plies that genocide is an intemational Parties which shall have acepted its jurisdiction ". rences make the accession of Great Britain to .me in general or for the signatories onlv," and This Article is a somewhat unhappv compromise the Genocide Convention, with all its consequences, notes further: "Increasingly there is a wider between those who, like the Soviet Union, protested seem urgently necessary. Page 2 AJR INFORMATION January, 1963

GRANTS FOR NAZI VICTIMS FROM FROM THE GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN SCENES AUSTRIA BERLIN COMMUNITY CHAIRMAN 50 TRIALS Damage to Occupation and Vocational Education Mr. Heinz Galinski, Chairman of the Berlin The biggest trial ever to be heard by a West Jewish Community, recently celebrated his SOth German court will be held at Frankfurt, when 28 The Austrian Assistance Funds (Hilfsfonds) has birthday. As a survivor of the Auschwitz concen­ ex-Nazi officers will be charged with responsibility issued an announcement calling on victims of tration camp he was one of those who took a for the murder of hundreds of thousands of Fascist and Nazi persecution from Austria to leading part in the reconstruction of Jewish life prisoners, Jews and non-Jews, at Auschwitz. apply to the Fund (address: Taborstrasse 2-6, in post-war Germany. He has served the Berlin Preliminary court proceedings against Richard Vienna II) for grants on account of community first as a member of its Repraesentant­ Baer, the last commandant of Auschwitz, who was (a) damage to occupation, enversammlung and, later on, as its Chairman. caught in North Germany only a few years ago, (b) damage caused by break of vocational He is also Chairman of the Directorium of the and 27 members of the S.S. and Gestapo per­ education or interruption of such educa­ Zentralrat of the Jews in Germany. To mark the sonnel of the camp, have recently been concluded. tion lasting at least 3i years. occasion, a reception was held in the Fasanen­ The official indictment will probably be filed soon The DEADLINE for submitting applications is strasse Community Centre. Tributes were paid to but a date for the hearing has not yet been fixed. OCTOBER 31, 1963. Application forms with him by representatives of Jewish organisations, Thirteen of the accused are in custody. Nine explanatory notes are available from the United of the municipality of Berlin, the churches and the others, for whose arrest warrants were issued, are Restitution Oflfice (London) Ltd., Austrian Desk, trade unions. Mr. Bruno Woyda (London), Hon. still free because of ill-health. 183/189 Finchley Road, London, N.W.3, and from Secretary of the Council of Jews from Germany, The prosecutor has also demanded the open­ the Consular Department of the Austrian conveyed the greetings of the former German ing of preliminary proceedings against 17 other Embassy, 18 Belgrave Square, London, S.W.l. Jews and thanked Mr. Galinski for his devoted former Nazi oflficials at Auschwitz who were only The Assistance Fund will accord 9,000 A.S. in and untiring work in the interests of Jewry and recently traced and they will be tried at a later the case of damage to occupation and 6,000 A.S. Judaism. date. The prosecutor stressed that several hundred in the case of damage to education. It is envisaged former members of the Nazi personnel at Ausch­ that the moneys available will suflBce to provide witz were still being sought by the police, including additional grants of an amount not yet known RABBI DR. PRINZ VISITS BERLIN the camp doctor, Josef Mengele. for damage to occupation. Widows of persons Rabbi Dr. Joachim Prinz (New Jersey) recently Martin Fellenz, a former S.S. oflBcer, is on trial who suffered damage to occupation will be paid a visit to Berlin and addressed members of in Flensburg charged with the murder of 40,000 eligible to obtain the grant in their place. the cominunity at a service at Pestalozzistrasae Jews in the Cracow region during the war. He Eligible to apply for grants are former residents Synagogue. was arrested in June, 1960, after visiting Hayes of Austria who were either Austrian nationals in and Harlington, Middlesex, as an official repre­ March 1938 or were resident there for a period of sentative of Schleswig, where he had been a mem- at least 10 years. PLEDGE AT BELSEN ber of the Town Council and business manager Persons who are at present Austrian nationals Five hundred young West Berliners recently of a bakery. will only be accorded the grants if they should gathered at the site of the former Bergen-Belsen The trial of 13 former S.S. and Nazi police­ not obtain compensation for diminution of concentration camp and pledged themselves to men charged with the murder of some 170,000 income or damage to occupation on the basis of work for peace and human good. The occasion Jews at the Nazi extermination camp of Chelmno the provisions of the Austrian Victims' Welfare was the national Day of Mourning, in which the in Poland opened in Bonn. The principal law. In order to avoid a situation in which poten­ defendant is Gustav Laars, accused of kilLng about tial claimants, i.e., present Austrian nationals living country commemorated the dead of both world abroad, may fail to obtain any payments, it is wars and the victims of Nazi persecution lOO.CKX) Jews in mobile gas chambers. Oscar Waltke. a former S.S. and Gestapo oflRcer. recommended that they make their application to was found guilty by a jury in Hanover of com­ the Assistance Fund while also applying to the "RESERVED FOR GERMAN VICTIMS" plicity in the murder of 70 Jews and was sen­ " Amt der Wiener Landesregierung ", Magistrats- tenced to eight years' hard labour. The Presiding Abteilung 12, Vienna I., for compensation on the German Ex-Servicemen and " war victims" Judge said there was insuflficient evidence to prove basis of the Austrian Victims' Welfare Law. withdrew from a remembrance day service at beyond doubt that Waltke was responsible for the Luenen because the ceremony included comme­ killing of members of the Jewish Council of Lem­ moration of the victims of Nazi persecution. berg and other mass executions. PROSECUTION OF AUSTRIAN WAR The Chairman of the ceremonies, a former Nazi CRIMINALS colonel, declared that the day's remembrance was During the trial at Coblenz of twelve former S.S. " reserved for the dead German soldiers and the oflficers accused of murdering thousands of Jews The Federation of Jewish Communities in victims of Allied air raids only". It was not. and others in the Minsk region, two former S.S. Austria has submitted a memorandum to the he said, an occasion for commemorating Jews judges stationed at Minsk gave evidence. Both are Austrian Ministry of Justice requesting the or other former inmates of concentration camps. working as lawyers in northern Germany.--^J.C.) amendment of the Austrian Penal Code in a —(J.C.) LAWYERS' SHARE IN NAZI CRIMES way which makes it possible to prosecute crimes In his concluding address at the German against humanity until 1965. Under the present COLOGNE DONATION TO ISRAEL Jurists' Meeting (Deutscher Juristentag) in Han­ legislation, such crimes cannot be prosecuted over, Professor Dr. E. Friesenhahn, President of if 20 years have elapsed since they were com­ The Cologne Municipal Council has for the the Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe, recalled mitted. This means that many criminals who second year donated more than £2,000 for the the attitude of lawyers under the Nazi regime. are traced only now cannot be punished for the promotion of Israeli educational institutions and " Did not quite a few among us act according to crimes they committed from 1939 onwards. The to help Israeli students. the rule: ' Order is order, aad paragraph is para­ same would apply to culprits who will be found graph ', instead of asking ' What is right' ? " in future as the result of the systematic efforts of the Central Oflfice for the Investigation of BAN ON SHECHITA DEMANDED '• If those of us who then held public oflfices had said ' No', we would perhaps have been spared Nazi Crimes in Ludwigsburg (Germany). To Dr. Hermann Stolting, President of the German the shame which overcomes us when we think of meet the situation, the Germans have enacted League for the Protection of Animals, told a the place which overshadows our meeting venue: an amendment to their Penal Code, by which the meeting in Munster that the society would never Bergen Belsen ". Referring to the recent investi­ 20 years' period of expiration commences not at abandon its demand for a ban on shechita. He gations of the records of judges and prosecutors. the date at which the crime was committed, but stated that his opposition to shechita had nothing Professor Friesenhahn stressed that theirs was a on June 8, 1945. when the German administration to do with antisemitism or Nazi doctrines, but great oflfice and that they must pay for each of justice started to function again. The memor­ was solely based on his wish to prevent unneces­ breach of its standards. andum requests an amendment on the same lines sary cruelty to animals. Dr. Stolting revealed for Austria. that his organisation hoped to reach a compromise NO PENSION FOR SCHLEGELBERGER settlement on the issue in the near future, follow­ The Administrative High Court in Lueneburg NOVEMBER POGROMS REMEMBERED IN ing negotiations with some 2,000 Orthodox ruled that the former Secretary of State and Gennan Jews.—{J.C.) acting Minister of Justice, Professor Dr. F. AUSTRIA Schlegelberger. was not entitled to a pension. The Court's President stated that Schlegelberger To mark the 24th anniversary of the pogroms WEST-GERMAN MOVE AGAINSTF V.V.N. in November. 1938, 500 Jews, led by the Israel CRITICISED had participated in measures connected with the so-called " final solution of the Jewish question." Ambassador to Austria and by the Vice-President Labour M.P.s in Britain have added their voice It is expected that Schlegelberger will lodge an of the Vienna Jewish community, held a meeting to the many protests in West Germany and else­ appeal with the Federal Administrative Court. at Hom cemetery. where against Dr. Adenauer's attempt to outlaw Jewish tombstones at Horn cemetery have been CHIEF PROSECUTOR SUSPENDED desecrated by neo-Nazis on four occasions during the Association of Victims of the Nazi Regime the last year. (V.V.N.). The West German Govemment's legal Dr. Karl Kolb. Chief Prosecutor in Wuerzburg. move to get this body in West Germany banned, has been suspended from his post following opened with a court case in West Berlin. allegations that he was a judge of a Nazi special "OPERATION ATONEMENT" Dr. Bamet Stross and Mr. Shinwell were among court in Kalish, Poland, which handed down the Members who protested, cabling to Dr. " terror sentences". Only a few days earlier Twelve young Germans are helping to build a Adenauer: " Further persecution of anti-fascists Kolb had asked the East German authorities new Jewish community centre near Lyons. They is disturbing to world democratic opinion ". to hand over incriminating material in their are volunteers for the West German Evangelical A committee for the defence of the organisation possession about the suspended President of the Church's " Operation Sign of Atonement ". The has been set up in Frankfurt/Main. It includes local Administrative Court. Dr. Schiedermair, cost of the centre is being met by the Hesse State leading churchmen like Pastor Niemoller. who was a Nazi judge in Norway. Government, Hesse towns and the Berlin Senate. AJR INFORMATION January, 1963 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JUDAICA Remembrance Parade COLIN JORDAN'S APPEAL FAILS SOBLEN : ISRAEL CRITICISED Three thousand five hundred British Jewish ex-Service Men and Women, including former The Court of Criminal Appeal refused leave to Mr. Sydney Silverman, M.P., strongly criticised refugee members of H.M. Forces, as well as a appeal against the conviction and sentences at the Israel for the treatment accorded to Dr. Robert contingent from France, marched along Whitehall Old Bailey on Colin Jordan, leader of the National Soblen, who committed suicide after being con­ to the Cenotaph for the annual remembrance 5>ocialist Movement, and John Tyndall. his deputy. victed in America on an espionage charge. service and parade organised by the Association of It also refused applications for legal aid. Speaking in a debate in the House of Commons Jewish ex-Serviee Men and Women. On October 15, Mr. Justice Barry, sentenced on the aliens regulations, he declared : " I feel The parade created a stirring impression on Jordan and Tyndall to nine and six months personally humiliated by what the Israeli authori­ hundreds of sightseers lining the route. respectively under Section Two of the Public ties did to him. A country whose great glory Order Act, 1936 for their part in organising and was that no one claiming to be a Jew would go Shecfaita equipping Spearhead in such a way as to arouse to its shores and be turned away, turned him away, reasonable apprehension that it was being hustled him away overnight into the custody of The demands for a Bill banning shechita organised for the purpose of using or displaying a U.S.A. marshal, and the pitiful excuse given brought up in the Commons have been dropped force in promoting a political object. Two other afterwards was that he had landed with a false after it was pointed out that, in the present members of the organisation, Denis Pirie and passport and had committed an offence against situation, such a move might be misinterpreted Koland Kerr-Ritchie, each received three months' the immigration laws of Israel. as antisemitism. imprisonment but did not appeal. " I do not want to say too much, but if the United Synagogue's New Prendent The " People," the Sunday paper, reported in a present citizens or inhabitants of Israel who .?pecial article written by Mr. J. Nichols, who arrived there in contravention of the immigration Sir Isaac Wolfson has been elected President V"^ the movement to obtain information, that laws were to be hustled out, the country would of the United Synagogue. He succeeds the retir­ Jordan planned to give British Jews three months lose 65 per cent of its population overnight. 1 ing President, the Hon. Ewen E. S. Montagu, and to leave the country when he and his National am glad to know that public opinion in Israel is becomes the ninth President of the most powerful socialist Movement were "in control". "Those censorious, and rightly censorious, of what was synagogal body in Anglo-Jewry. mat stay after that will be forced to work for done." itie community and, when we no longer have any Archbishop on Tolerance "se for them, they will be removed ".—(J.C.) HALF MILLION SIGN ANTI-RACE-HATE PETITION The danger of confusing indifference with tolerance was stressed by the Archbishop of FREE SPEECH TV PROGRAMME The anti-race-hate petition, signed by nearly Canterbury, Dr. Michael Ramsay, when he half a million people all over Britain and delivered the tenth annual Sir Robert Waley Pictures showing Nazi brutalities in the Warsaw Northem Ireland in less than three months, has Cohen Memorial Lecture. The tide of his lecture, ^Jtietto, gas chamSers and the wartime persecution been presented to Parliament by representatives held under the auspices of the Council of Chris­ In A •'^^^' ^^ *^" ^s an interview with Colin of the three parties. tians and Jews, was "The Crisis of Human [„?.!"• ^•^'•e shown on B.B.C. television recently The petition forms arrived in 15 bundles lied Freedom ". sch jP'^^'S'^t", a current affairs programme for up in green, blue and red tape, and were handed The Archbishop, a Joint President of th© over to three M.P.s by representatives of five Council, said it must be emphasised that indiffer­ sr. ?. P''og''amme examined the subject of free organisations, including the Rev. Bill Sargent, ence was not a virtue and that it was not ^Peech and took as its point of departure the vicar of Holy Trinity, Dalston, and other oflficials tolerance, and people had to be made aware of oisturbances at fascist meetings in Britain. The of his Yellow Star Movement which initiated the distinction. " The truly tolerant man narrator posed the question: "Even if what the the petition. They were supported by Mr. Martin reveres those processes whereby he has reached ^^^'^'.^ts say is unpopular have they not the right to Ennals, National Secretary of the National his own convictions and so reveres the same Council for Civil Liberties, and leading repre­ processes in others ". sentatives of the Board of Deputies of British Tolerance alone could not serve as an alter­ Jews, the Association of Jewish Ex-Serviccmen. native to racialism, said the Archbishop. It could "RACE PREJUDICE AND EDUCATION" and the London Anti-Fascist Committee. allow a man to claim a different theory or different politics from one's own. But to allow ... P^?'''ng at a conference on race relations CHIEF RABBI ADVOCATES a black man to live in one's community was not ,-P^'sed by the National Council for Civil NON-VIOLENCE simply a matter of allowing his opinions but of J- oerties, Dr. Cyril Bibby, author of " Race Pre- allowing him. fund^^ ^nd Education", said that one of the Addressing the thousands of Jewish Ex-Service is , "cental things in education against racialism Men and Women attending the reunion and rally Hampstead's Community Centre io ensure that people get their facts straight, at Hammersmith, the Chief Rabbi denounced the thin*^' ^'^•'y contended that there was no such use of violence as an answer to neo-Nazi violence At a reception which followed the laying of racifl *^ '•" ''^•'^ "• Historically, the real root of or provocation. the foundation-stone for the £125.000 project on the h P'^^J^'^ice was sexual. There was always The best means of minimising prejudice, said the site adjoining the Hampstead Synagogue, it like th^'-'^ JERUSALEM : HAIFA (SO EAST 4:ni ST.. IsfEW YORK. 17. N.Y. the school is filled to capacity with boys of almost every other denomination. It holds 106 boys. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION January, 1963

RUDOLF SLANSKY REHABILITATION ? NEWS FROM ABROAD According to reports from Prague, 47 senior officials, former members of the secret police and UNITED STATES ARGENTINA the Ministry of Justice, have been dismissed from their posts. This is in connection with the trial Jewish Senators and Congressmen Neo-Nazi Youth and sentence of Rudolf Slansky ten years ago. Among the newly elected members of the Members of the neo-Nazi youth organisation. A prosecutor and one of the " People's Judges " American Senate and of the House of Represen­ Tacuara went on a rampage in several districts who took part in the trial are themselves tatives are three Jewish Senators and nine Jewish of Buenos Aires, attacking Jewish shops, break­ expected to face trial. Congressmen. The Senators are Jacob K. Javits ing windows an(i causing general disorder. The Slansky, the former General Secretary of the (Republican, New York), Ernest Gruening (Demo­ police made 24 arrests, most of them teenagers. Czechoslovak Communist Party, and a group of crat, Alaska) and Abraham A. Ribicoff (Demo­ Other Tacuara members attacked a Jewish other high-ranking Jewish officials, were tried in crat, Connecticut). The Jewish Congressmen are school, but were themselves attacked and several 1952, sentenced to death and executed. Seymour Halpem, Emanuel Celler, Leonard of them were handed over to the police. The dismissals are believed to presage the Farbstein, Abraham Multer, Jacob H. Gilbert, rehabilitation of Slansky and other victims of the Benjamin S. Rosenthal, Samuel Friedman, Her­ Reports " Exaggerated " purges carried on during the period. The families maim Toll and Charles S. Joelson; with the of some of the victims are reported to have been exception of Seymour Halpem (Republican) all Professor Paul Link, formerly of Buenos Aires, informed that a State pension will be paid to of them are Democrats. told a meeting of the Anglo-Israeli Cultural them as compensation for the injustice committed Association in London that Argentinians are a by the " former followers of the personality cult "• Clergymen Appeal to Kruschev liberal people and are no more antisemitic than The charges against Slansky and several of the the British. Antisemitic acts of a handful of In a cable to Mr. Kruschev, a group of 46 other accused included the carrying on of youngsters (many of whom were sons of ex-Nazi " criminal " Zionist activities.—(J.C.) prominent Protestant, Catholic and Jewisii clergy­ officers) had been wildly exaggerated by reports men in the U.S. urged the Russian Govemment in the Press, he said. The few fascists in Argen­ WHO IS A JEW? to halt the discriminatory treatment of Jews. tina were no more significant than the supporters They claimed that while most other denomina­ of Mosley who committed similar acts in Britain. A Jerusalem High Court Decision tions were permitted " bare necessities for Neither was it true to call Argentina a haven for religious practice, the almost 3.000,000 Russian war criminals, for there were " as many war The High Court of Justice in Jerusalem has Jews were denied minimal rights (xinceded fo criminals in Britain or the United States as there ruled that the Law of Return, enacted in 1950 to adherents of other religions." are in Argentina ". establish the right of every Jew to settle in Israel and to acquire Israeli citizenship on his arrival, DENMARK There were about 470,000 Jews in Argentina but, declared Professor Link, nevertheless, the only applies to persons who claim the Jewish Preparations for 150th Anniyersafy Argentine community was on the decline because faith and do not adhere to any other rehgion. It of the country's impoverished economic situation. therefore rejected the application of Oswald The 150th anniversary in 1964 of the Danish Rufeisen, who was converted to Christianity in decree giving Jews complete equality with other Front Against Antisemitism 1942 and has resided in the Carmelite Monastery citizens, is to be marked by the publication of a of Haifa since 1959, to be recognised as a Jew massive historical survey of Jewish life in Den­ A large section of influential Argentine opinion within the terms of the Law of Return. The mark. Historians and others are to contribute has declared support for the newly formed United Court stated that Rufeisen, now " Father Daniel", chapters on all aspects of the Jewish contribution Front Against Antisemitism. has to apply for Israeli citizenship by naturalisa­ to Danish life. With the declared aim of fighting antisemitism tion, as can any of the other 48,000 Christians in in all its forms, the new group has the backing Forest in Israel the country. of all the major political parties, many of the trade The Court President recalled that, during the King Frederik IX of Denmark is expected to unions and organisations of students and writers. war. Father Daniel had risked his life to save give his official approval shortly to the planting RUSSIA Jews in Poland. However, he went on, " the of a forest in Israel in his name. The project is personal merits of Rufeisen are irrelevant here. sponsored by the Jewish community of the Further Trials The question is whether he can be regarded as a American State of New Jersey. The forest is Jew, and this we must answer negatively." being planted " to commemorate the heroic deeds A trial of some fifty persons was held before of the people of Denmark on behalf of the Jewish the Supreme Court of the Moldavian Republic in FRENCH NAZI FOUND j people in 1943 ". Kishinev. Of these, forty had Jewish names. Four Jews were sentenced to death and were shot Jacques Vasseur, a Frenchman who worked for GOTHENBURG'S COMMUNAL CENTRE soon afterwards. the Nazi police during the occupation, and was Spe

KURFUERSTENDAMM NOSTALGIA VS.A.: Georg Froeschel, who is scripting "Charlemagne" for M.G.M., introduced Fritzi Massaiy as guest of honour at " Club 1933 " in Los Angeles.—^Seventy-nine-year-old Julius Berstl A Newspaperman Recalls the Twenties has completed his new novel, " Der Teufel schlaeft nie," in New York.—Norbert Schiller, Werner Klemperer and Ursula Thiess will be Nostalgia is fashionable now in Germany, But there is another, more persistent thought in an episode of "77 Sunset Strip" on TV.— wnat we, who were in Berlin in the 'twenties, that comes to mind. Our adversaries told the Susan Kohner will play in Thornton Wilder's nad always suspected: that we had witnessed world that the Kurfiirstendamm culture was made " The Pullman Car " at New York's Circle-in-the- «jermany's most concentrated cultural period- and run by Jews. At thc time, most of us hotly Square Theatre.—Billy Wilder is producing and seems to be confirmed now by a spate of denied that allegation. But I think it was one of directing "Irma la Douce," with Jack Lemmon memoirs telling the young ones of the post-Nazi the Nazi lies that contained more than a kernel and Shirley MacLaine. generation what they missed. Max Krell, of truth. Yes, it was Jews who lifted the Berlin iJramaturg in Weimar, editor in Munich, literary of the 'twenties to its stature as a cultural metro­ Home l\eu>s: Franz Waxman recently con­ director with Ullstein in Berlin, was so much part polis, and we might just as well be proud of it. ducted for the first time in London at the Royal ot that period that his book* is bound to make To put it bluntly: there is no better proof of the Festival Hall. The Berlin-bom musician wrote interesting reading merely on the strength of the German-Jewish cultural genius than the com­ the scores for many Hollywood films ; his latest iniiumerable famous people he met professionally parative barrenness of the present-day, Jewless, composition "Joshua" was presented at this cultural scene of Germany. year's Music Festival in Los Angeles.—Martin and socially. And the majority of the great Miller, who ten years ago played in the first names of which Krell, the non-Jew, writes, were night of " The Mousetrap," will be in " Incident Jews. at Midnight."—Anton Diflfring, currently in " Out r.\^^A^c ^* fi°*^ t**^ authentic atmosphere of the SPOTLIGHT ON HAMBURG of Bounds" at the Wyndham, will also appear ?'° Caf6 des Westens before World War I, popu­ in "Incident at Midnight."—Ken Adam designed lated by people like Emanuel Lasker, Leonhard the scenes for "Sodom and Gomorrah."— "ank, Paul Lindau, Carl Sternheim, Salomon Erich Luth, the Director of Hamburg's State Brecht-Weill's " Mahagonny" will be produced ^nediander-Mynona, Franz Blei. In Bavaria Press Office, is a 60-year-old, well-known joumalist at Sadler's Wells on January 14.—Granada will ft-reii meets an unsuccessful banker from Prague with a blameless record. He has made a name televise an adaptation by Erwin Piscator and the wtio calls himself Meyrink (the story of the crea- for himself as the promoter of Peace with Israel late Alfred Neumann of "War and Peace." uon of his " Golem " is good anecdotic stuff) and movement and of the boycott movement against witnesses the Raterepublik with 25-year-old Toller Veit Harian, who directed the "Jud Suss" film. Metes from Everytchere : The city of Mann­ as Its Minister of War and General. Here, When Hitler came to power Liith resigned from heim awarded the Schiller Prize (10,000 D.M.) to '"aximilian Harden makes his appearance as a the Hamburg Senate and was chased out of the Elisabeth Bergner.—Wanda Rotha will star on ^peaKer on the eve of the revolution and pleads editorial office of his newspaper. But he remained Berlin's TV in Cartier's production of "That tor a new, spiritual Germany. in Germany, an uncompromising observer of the Lady" and will also appear at Vienna's Josef­ havoc which the Nazis wreaked in every field of stadt.—Lotte Lehmann co-directed " Der Rosen­ Writers and Artists German culture. kavalier" al New York's Metropolitan and also appeared in a radio interview with Maria Jeritza. in Ji"* ^^'stein saga is greatly enriched by Krell's The two booklets which Liith has recently pub­ "isiae stories of the five brothers and their lished, " Zeitungsstadt Hamburg " and " Ham­ Milestones: Dr. Ludwig Lewin, co-founder of various publications. In Krell's office Egon burger Theater 1933-45", are therefore of special Berlin's Lessing Hochschule, became 75 last r, *"• KJsch speaks of his adventures ; Wasser- interest. The first one is the reprint of a discourse month. He is director of a mental hospital in I}f?\.«l'scusses the Hau case before turning it held at the Institut fiir publizistische Bildungs- New York and also has a guest house in Ascona. wh^ • """^l- " Der Fall Maurizius " ; a man arbeit (under the chairmanship of Professor Emil —Austrian playwright Max Mell, of "Apo&tel- offi • '"^'•oduces himself by his private name and Dovifat, whose panegyrics on Hitler seem to have spiel" fame and a friend of von Hofmannsthal, ' iciai title, Oberforster Perlmann, reveals him- been forgiven and forgotten). Hamburg, with its turned 80 years of age. " dm ^' • °^^'P Dymow ; Else Lasker-Schuler world-wide connections, was indeed the birthplace and v^ il" ' ^^°^ ^™* *° t'""^ •' Ludwig Wolff of some of the earliest Continental joumals, and Germany: Anton Walbrook is on tour with serial Baum create the new type of quality in 1828 Saphir said that it was Germany's Heidemarie Hatheyer in Molnar's " Ledbgardist". " zeitungsreichste Stadt". Here, Gabriel Riesser —Arno Assman will succeed O. F. Schuh as serial novel for the " Berliner lUustrirte " ; Moritz director of Cologne's theatre.—^Hans Jaray h^ cavai ^?^^^ about his latest film ideas. What a fought for Jewish emancipation with his periodical Der Jude (" printed by permission of His Majesty acquired the TV rights of Wesker's "Tag fuer scen» ^ u- °^ writers and artists—a glittering Tag".—Egon Jameson, of London, lectured jn in I *""^'^ was blacked out, almost overnight, the King of Denmark "), and that most liberal of censors, Karl Sieveking. actually advised the pub­ West Germany on " Hasst England Europa ? "— whl u^^' '^". Soon, hardly any of the people lisher Campe on the best way to keep out of Gruendgens successfully produced "Don Carlos" cult^.r • "'^'^^ ^^'•''° "'^ ""^""^ °f European trouble with his Heine editions. Here, Lassalle in Hamburg, himself taking the part of tha. '° ^^^^ period remained in town—or, for published his Socialist journals, until Bismarck Philip.—Roma Bahn starred in Duerrenmatt's nat matter, alive. Krell himself stayed on for a clamped down on them. " Besuch einer alten Dame " in Wilhelmshaven.— Ullc,^-^^"' "•y'"g 'o keep the Nazi tide out of Lucie Mannheim and Dieter Borsche will be in einior'? i, ^'"^ eventually he had to give up and Liith gives an admirable potted history of the Anouilh's " Die Grotte ", directed by E. Piscator, ve^rc .,*° Florence, where he spent the war great Hamburg papers—Fremdenblatt, Anzeiger, at Berhn's Volksbuehne.—^Walter Gropius has • t[S and died there a few months ago. Nachrichten, Volkszeititng, Echo, Tageblatt—and become an honorary citizen of Berlin.—At Ber­ bonV n" enjoyable, nostalgic, often fascinating their fates under Hitler. However, I should have lin's Jewish community centre Curt Bois intro­ anH ', '!'"strated with many good photographs, preferred a more critical attitude towards Ham­ duced an evening in memory of the late Joseph better % *, P'^y *^^' '' <=°"'«' have been a lot burg's post-war joumals ; Luth does not go beyond Schmidt who died 20 years ago. antin,; *^ ...'^ "°* a eood writer; he writes the listing their circulations and the names of their Denn». u- loumalese" of the evening papers, editors (some of whoin have not very clean A Life on Record: Robert Stolz, who will loeiC. .^ ' reminiscences with improbab e dia- records, nor are their joumalistic policies free visit Israel in January to conduct concerts, has wom' i^'^'Patises his documentary evidence; from the desire to pander to the basest instincts of recorded the story of his life under the title of from , ^'v '"^ ^°°^ 's riddled with mistakes, a mass readership). Somewhat ambiguously, "Amadeo". He recalls his early days in Graz —anH^-?i"^'y"'P^'' names—Kreissler, MacMiUan Ltith ends with the sentence: "All criticism is and Bruenn, how he conducted the first "Merry fieiii-Ac ""*5—" Men and Mices "—to erroneous valid only when it gets its response from the Widow" production in Vienna, went bankrupt in and fV ^"°fdmg to him. Masaryk died in 1935, critical mind of the well-informed and thinking his own theatre and his best years in Berlin. The instead nf II 'Responsibility paragraph is 45 reader ". second half of that L.P. is a declaration of love hahit i ?u ^'- Perhaps his most disconcerting to his wife Einzi. On another record, " Electrola ", heXi^ -u ' °^ revealing the names of the people The booklet on Hamburg's theatre under Hitler, are the composer's numerous evergreens from two nr ?», *^ ^ would-be dramatic effect, only sponsored by the University, is so lavishly pro­ "Servus du", "Salome" (lately revived as about tt!** dozen lines after beginning to write duced and brilliantly illustrated that it looks "Romeo"), "Klingelfee" and "Adieu, du scow r • ."^'^ age-old journalistic trick recurs almost like a Festschrift. Considering that it kleiner Gardeoffizier" to "Two Hearts". pui!nL °f t™es. I don't think an English recalls the saddest chapter in German theatrical these ^*^°"''' ^^''^ 'e' *he book appear with history, one wonders if all this labour and Obituary: The 72-year-old Hamburg-born EnoLvJ" "' afd annoying features: but then, expense would not have been worthy of a more sculptor. Paul Henle, has died as the result of onl, K r''"*'''l''"s have editors, and German constructive cause. Still, it is an interesting record. drowning; he lived in Hampstead.—Script­ literar?^ ^^^* '"^^ *^an save the money for such We read about the good fight which men like writer Georg C. Klaren has died in Sawbridge- ^ ran- watchdogs. On his last but one page Arnold Marld and Justin Steinfeld put up; about worth, near London. Together with the late librari "^^'' "°"'' well-organised archives and Oskar Fritz Schuh's gala performances before H. Juttke he wrote many German scripts and We ha * " '^e*^' sheet of printed paper ; all Hitler and Goebbels and Richard Strauss's directed the film version of " Wozzeck" with have -* *° '^ ^°°^ "P *he references. But we officious "Heil Hitler" (reproduced in facsimile). Kurt Meisel shortly after the war in Berlin.— And we learn of innumerable acts of kindness Walter Schwab, who wrote a book on Nazism tried pot_got the time t(j do so." I wish he had under the pen-name "Verrina," has died in boot '° ^?^ *he fime : it would have "made his and sympathy towards the Jewish artists before ^"K much more valuable. they were driven into exile or sent to the exter­ Berlin at the age of 81. '''•ankf^''^'^^'^ "^s*"" "'' " **"""'' ""•''''^'' Scheffler. mination camps. E.L. PEM Page 6 AJR INFORMATION January, 1963

Fritz Friedlander Furthermore, he confided to his trusted friends. Heinrich and Lily Braun that, in his view, if the Socialists came to power they could only keep themselves in the saddle if they had the energy to FROM MARX TO HITLER represent the cause of the strong (cf. Lily Braun: " Memoiren einer Sozialistin "). In this respect he Centenary of Werner Sombart's Birth anticipated, mutatis mutandis, a concept of Hitler's, Stalin's and Mussolini's future eras of dictatorship Der Mensch hat, im Gegensatz zum Tier, eine Fiille gegensdtzUcher Triebe und Impulse —a concept rooted in the system of thought of in sich grossgeziichtet. —Nietzsche : '" Der Wille zur Macht." Nietzsche, Sorel, Pareto and Marx. In consequence of his enthusiasm for " the cause Why did Werner Sombart's book, " Die Juden Jewish theologians like Moses Hoffmann. Julius of the strong " Sombart declared after the outbreak und das Wirtschaflsleben " cause a sensation when Guttmann and Max Eschelbacher, demonstrated of the First World War in 1914: "German it first appeared in 1911 ? that the way Sombart had interpreted Jewish militarism is the most complete union between Certainly it was first of all the personality of religion and ethics in support of his theory did Potsdam and Weimar, it is Beethoven in the the author which attracted attention. Werner not stand the test. Franz Oppenheimer emphasised trenches." He plunged into a war propaganda, Sombart, born on January 19th, 1863, in Ermsleben that the Jews did not import the capitalistic spirit unworthy of a social scientist of his calibre : in his am Harz, was a brilliant, colourful and highly but, on the contrary, during their wanderings brochure "Handler und Helden" (1915) he tried talented political economy scientist in the Ger­ sought access to those areas in which economic to play off the " noble and heroic" German many of Wilhelm II. He was not only a fascinat­ life was already developing in the direction of idealism against the " greedy and profiteering" ing lecturer— from 1890 to 1906 at the Breslau modern capitalism. English materialism. and then at the Berlin University—but also Prominent non-Jewish scholars, like Felix Rach- possessed an immense capacity for work : after fahl and Lujo Brentano, also rejected Sombart's No Splendid Isolation his initial treatise " Die romische Campagna" book. The latter, one of the greatest masters m (1888) appeared his monumental study "Der the field ot political economy, parried Sombart's After the war was lost he soon realised that the moderne Kapitalismus" (1902) and, as a supple­ basic thesis with the statement that capitalism was Socialists of the Weimar Republic had not the ment, " Die deutsche Volkswirtschaft im 19 bom in ancient Babylon, where the exiled Jewish energy " to represent the cause of the strong". Jahrhundert" (1903). He was, too, an esteemed people by chance became acquainted with it. and when Hitler came to power he was eager to contributor to the " Archiv fiir Soziale Gesetzge­ Finally, Brentano summed up Sombart's book in jump on to the bandwagon. To secure a front bung und Statistik ", edited by Heinrich Braun. one devastating sentence: " Das ganze Buch ist seat, he wrote "Deutscher Sozialismus". but it However, he made himself a name especially zuchtlos, und von einen zuchtlosen Buche gilt was unfortunate for him that the Nazis had neither on account of his book " Sozialismus und soziale dasselbe wie von einem zuchtlosen Weibe." forgotten nor forgiven his former predilection for Bewegung" (1896), in which—and still more in Perhaps this was too hard; anyhow Ludwig the Marxist doctrine. They let him know that •• Das Lebenswerk von Karl Marx" (1909)--he Feuchtwanger. from the lively discussion of Som- his way of thinking was still " static ". i.e.. lacking showed a strong leaning to the Marxist doctrine, bart"s book, drew the conclusion : " Sombarts in understanding of what they called " politische an unusual attitude for a Prussian university Hauptthese Uber den jiidischen Anteil an der Fuhrungswirtschaft", a system of self-supporting scholar, and one which barred him from access Entstehung des Kapitalismus ist heute allgemein economy, striving for independence from over­ to full professorship. aufgegeben." seas raw materials by using substitutes ("deutsche Werkstoffe ") in the interest of a massive rearma­ Jews and Modem Capitalism Why did Sombart's " Die Juden und das ment. Certainly, Sombart. as an expert, knew that Wirtschafstleben", though it was practically this Nazi experiment was bound to result either in Therefore his comprehensive book " Die Juden unanimously rejected by the scholarly critics, economic chaos or in a war at the risk of und das Wirtschaftsleben" (1911) met with great exercise a strong influence on the general public, catastrophe. The old scholar still lived to see expectation, all the more as its author had already in particular on the contemporary German, and his last work—the sociological studv "Vom lectured about this most topical subject. While, why was it quoted time and again ? Menschen" (1938)—disregarded in a Germany some years ago. Max Weber in his epoch-making It did so because the antisemites found it most preparing for war. When he died in Beriin on stu(iv " Die protestantische Ethik und der Geist suitable to cloak their bogy of financial world May 18th, 1941, he was at least spared the experi­ des 'Kapitalismus" (1904-05) had claimed that the domination by the " international Jew" with an ence again of the failure of militarism which, in his Anglo-Saxon Puritanism, practised in everyday life. apparently " scientific" material and, of course, eye, was " Beethoven in the trenches"'. .\ man had produced modern capitalism, Sombart now set they did not hesitate to use Sombart's prestige for who was always available for the highest bidder out to prove that the growth of the modern their sinister ends. However, was Sombart's inter­ was gone. Western capitalistic mind had mainly to be pretation of the role of the Jews in the economic attributed to the Jewish people in the Diaspora, history of the West only misused, or did it really and he asserted in this respect : place trump cards in the hands of the antisemites ? " Wie die Sonne geht Israel iiber Europa, wo KELLERGEIST es hinkommt, spriesst neues leben empor, von wo es fortzieht, da modert alles, was bishcr Turn to the Swastika ADVISES A.J.R. READERS gebliiht hat." Relying on an immense, though not always When excessive German nationalism grew sound source material, Sombart tried to prove that stronger and stronger, Sombart revealed the Jewish business men had been numerously repre­ ambiguity of his mind and began to burn the sented at the Leipzig fairs and had secured a big idols that he had worshipped and to worship the pwrtion of the Levantine trade ; that they had also idols that he had burned : he changed the been the first to come into the market with grain, originally pro-Marxist tenor of his " SoziaUsmus wool, flax, manufactured goods of the textile und soziale Bewegung" into a violently anti- industry, colonial products like sugar, tobacco, etc. Marxist outburst. Therefore the Marxist thinker This process, according to Sombart, was not Hermann Heller, a Jew, noted among other things restricted to Europe : modern America was, to a as the author of "Europa und der Faschismus". large extent, also shaped by the Jewish mentality. charged him with ideological apostasy. This outstanding success in business was, in Ultimately, after Hitler's seizure of power Som­ Sombart's view, achieved on account of the bart. who until then liked to pose as an undaunted peculiarity of the Jewish mind : its original intellectual fighter, made haste to insinuate himself nomadism, its realism and rationalism, i.e., sense of with the all powerful ruler : in 1934 he published " tachlis ", its instinct for purposefulness. his book " Deutscher Sozialismus", in which he approved of the expulsion of the Jews from the Rejected by Critics cultural and economic life of Germany, with Sombart's vastly exaggerated theory was rejected reference to his previous thesis that the Jews had by a number of most competent critics. Noted to be considered the bearers of the fateful spirit and practice of modern capitalism. He renounced Choose Hallgarten— what he had formerly said in favour of the Jews. Gorta Radiovision Did Sombart. however, actually undergo a sudden change of mind ? This is. indeed, open to Choose Fine Wines Service question. Why, we may ask, did the young Sombart, in (Member R.T.R.A.) the era of Wilhelm, sympathise with the Marxist If you have any difficulty in finding doctrine, but did not dare join the Social Demo­ 13, Frognal Parade, cratic Movement ? On the one hand he was HALLGARTEN wines, v/rite to us Fmchley Road, N.WJ shrewd enough to realise that the future might SALES REPAIRS belong to this movement and that, therefore, it A$k for th»ni by nairn! Agents for Bush, Pye, Philips, might pay him to flirt with it. On the other hand Grundig, etc. he reahsed, too, that the militaristic and national­ Refrigerators, Wasbing-Machines Stocked istic forces were still predominant in Imperial .Wr. Gort will always be pleased to Germany and that, therefore, he might be wise to S. F. & 0. HALLGARTEN advise you. side with them : For this reason he supported Crutchad Friart, London, E.C.3 (HAM. 8635) Wilhelm II's imperialistic tendencies : his naval as well as his colonial and world trade policies. AJR INFORMATION January. 1963 Page 7

E. G. Loicenthal should receive top priority. Kelm^n was impressed by the attitude of Jews in other Euro­ pean countries who had evinced great solidarity in this matter. Samuel described the Jewish com­ FOCUS ON FRANCE munities in France, not as undeveloped, but rather insufficiently equipped to absorb the stream Geneva Conference on Jewish Refugees of newcomers. He listed the necessities by name: A map of France lies before us; it is enlivened mass of material produced to illustrate develop­ accommodation, schools, synagogues, rabbis, by a mass of practically up-to-the-minute statis­ ments, facts and problems. The word " report'" youth leaders. tical info.Tnation. .Against the names of each of appeared no less than a dozen times on the Heinz Galinski (Berlin), Chairman of the some 60 towns, apajt from main centres like carefully prepared agenda, which was punctiliously Zentralwohtfartsstelle der Juden in Deutschland, Paris and Marseilles, two figures have been a(lhered lo. Nevertheless, time was alloweorteur for the study group on ques­ tions of fund-raising. Kelman reported on the United Action of European Jewry limited to any particular aspect, of the activities in the field of Jewish social work. Although he procurement, training and status of senior Jewish . The problems of this latest tragic Jewish migra­ also spoke of finance, as indeed he had to, his administrative officers, teachers, social workers, tion were predominant in the convention of the survey was characterised by a broad human etc. The writer of this article presented fhe Manding Conference on Jewish Community Ser- approach. But for the existence of the Standing recommendations of the committee that had been Yjces, the third conference of this kind, held in Conference, Jordan stressed, sufficient help could given the task of considering the future form J->encva at the beginning of November. This not have been provided for the Jewish refugees of the three language (English, French, German) Inter-European organisation, whose establishment from North Africa. In the present year the Joint quarterly bulletin " Exchange," issued by the was, to a high extent though not entirely, due has expended alone $3 million on help for these Standing Conference. Joan Stiebel, Joint Secre­ to the benevolent assistance of the American refugee groups. Further on in his report Jordan tary of the Central British Fund, London, Joint Distribution Committee (A.J.D.C), received declared that the emergency affecting Algerian explained the aims of the committee to be estab­ °.^iegates from communities, community associa­ Jewry could by no means be considered past, and lished for securing co-operation between senior tions and leading welfare bodies in 14 countries. he singled out for special praise the self-sacrifice officials of organisations; and in his report Jules jn all there were about 150 people present, from of French Jewry. He described the care for the Braunschvig (Paris) represented the view of the J 'o to Athens, and from London and Amsterdam aged and handicapped in Israel, which accounted study group on "Jewish cultural matters". to Rorne and Belgrade. Naturally the French for the largest item in the Joint's budget, as well The Chairman, Dr. Mayer, announced that this Relegation was by far the strongest and the most as that for Jews in Persia and those still living year's William J. Shroder Memorial Prize of the th ^^ in committee and discussion ; in addition in North African territories. Finally, he touched .American Council of Jewish Federations and U^ Were several French-speaking observers on the A.J.D.C.'s work in other parts of the Welfare Funds had been awarded to th© Standing ifom Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria. For the first world. His remarks were considerably amplified Conference " in recognition of its exceptional me (and they were specially welcomed) repre- by Max A. Braude (Geneva), Director of the accomplishments in the field of intemational *«itatives attended from the 1.500-2,000-strong World Ort Union, and James P. Rice (New York), social work ". ewish community in Madrid, and from the com­ mainly responsible for the United Hias Ser­ munity in Helsinki, the Finnish capital. This vice, chiefly on the question of technical training ni!t y demonstrated their feeling of spiritual (especially in France) and in respect of certain ^«ge with the Standing Conference, and the migration movements (from Cuba, North Africa, st ui^ European framework was therebv demon­ France). Victor Girmounsky (London), Director strably extended and consolidated, of the Jewish Colonisation Association (I.C.A.), nf r\^ Geneva conference, under the chairmanship which is active in many countries, was able to sL^"^' "^^torre Mayer (Milan), Chairman of the report, inter alia, that there were still 2,000 Jewish j>ian(jing Conference, was also a step forward in families on I.C.A. estates in the Argentine. mat it was the first to be freed from the patron- One whole afternoon was devoted to the situa­ op , 'he Joint. It was more than a symbolic tion of the Jews in France and North African gesture when Charles H. Jordan (Geneva), General territories. In Claude Kelman (Paris). Vice-Presi­ director of the A.J.D.C., ceremonJouslv handed dent of the F.S.J.U. (Fonds Social Juif Unifi^), In K- presidential gavel of office to Dr. Mayer. Julien Samuel (Paris]), Executive Director of this ^TQ. n His welcoming address to the delegates Mayer Central French Jewish Relief Organisation, and lim" **"' ^ ^^'" ^^ '° express the hope that in Maitre l.Chouraki, President of the Oran (Algeria) na r •'** '^°"^* 'he Standing Conference might community, the Standing Conference found fSSTI ir^"^'Pate with the Joint in its Jewish social informed and judicious experts on questions ^JJ^^wurs in other parts of the worid ; and this arising as a result of the emergency. Kelman's inv"i '•^^inite the Joint in some measure for the noteworthy analysis, which was mainly concerned Whether you travel for busi­ "'•l^! assistance that it had provided. with spiritual, religious and educational matters, ness or to get away from it, t tiis self-reliance, which inaugurates a new culminated in the conclusion that the sad events PELTOURS will be glad to Jo"*^ '" *^^ post-war co-operation between the in North Africa would probably lead to an arrange any trip you have in Eu"' ^°*^ ^^^ Jewish communities in Western enrichment of Jewish life in France. But a pre­ mind. Our individual service rn.I**''*' ""eflects the re-emerging initiative of these requisite of this was that educational demands takes care of everything con­ ^ommunities in the fields of welfare, health and nected with travelling, ucation. At the same time such efforts indicate from passports to travel p^'^arked upsurge in Jewish life generally. reservations and hotel of »? i^*- ^- Warburg (New York), President bookings and,of course addr °^°'' emphasised in his short welcoming there is no charge strtvn^^ the significance of the fact that the whatever for the ,, „.°?8er Jewish groups in Western Europe were Wir kaufen Einzelwarka, Bibliolhakan, facility. ^'* Fran°^ to the aid of those so heavily pressed in deriv*^' c American Jewry, which was largely Autographen und moderna Graphik com- '^ Jewish refugees from Europe, would Diraktor: Dr. Joseph Suschitzky PELTOURS com!?"^. '*^ *ff<*rts to help the French Jewish 38a BOUNDARY RD.. LONDON, N.W.S 29 DUKt ST. LONDON, Wl *^ery close attention was needed to absorb the Talaohon* MAI 3030as== Page 8 AJR INFORMATION January, 1963

tine, where he became Assistant Director of the Central Zionist Archives and also a guest lecturer Birthday Tributes at the Hebrew University. He supplemented his Herzl biography with a special study " Herzl and Dreyfus" ana, in co-operation with Georg Herlitz, with an edition of Herzl's letters. After ZUM 80. GEBURTSTAGE VON RABBINER keit ein Ende mit Schrecken brachte. Spandau the foundation of the State of Israel, he was war eine Mittelgemeinde, Unterricht, Gottesdiest appointed State Archivist. Apart from his official DR. ARTHUR LOEWENSTAMM und Fiirsocge nahmen seine Kraft in Anspmch, duties, he is at present working on a book about und er wirkte auch in den kleineren Gemeinden modem antisemitism and its place in the history Am 20. Dezember vollendete Rabbiner Dr. of the Jewish question. Arthur Loewenstamm, ein hervorragender Ver­ der Umgebung. Aber zur gleichen Zeit eroffnete treter der letzten Rabbinergeneration in Deutsch­ sich ihm dort ein weiteres Arbeitsfeld. Er war Alex Bein is not only a truly great scholar who land, in London sein achtzigstes Lebensjahr. ja nahe bei Berlin und konnte sich damit seinen also keeps in touch with current developments, Anlasslich dieses feierlichen Tage gedenken Anteil an dem judischen Leben der Reichshaupt- but is a man of many cultural interests as well. seiner die Mitglieder seiner einstigen Gemeinde, stadt schaffen. Vor Allem war er in dem Orden In the spacious study of his Jerusalem flat is a nun iiber die ganze Erde verstreut, seine Schiller B'nai Berith tatig. Der Hohepunkt seiner Wirk­ fine grand piano, for Dr. Bein is a passionate lover und seine Kollegen in Herzlichkeit und wtlnschen samkeit dort war das Jahr, in dem er Prasident of classical music, and hardly any concert takes der Berthold Auerbach Loge, der grossten Loge place in Jemsalem which he and his wife, Betty, ihm ungezahlte gute Jahre in Gesundheit und in im Deutschen District, war. Tatig auf so vielen Frische des Geistes. do not attend. We wish him many more years of Gebieten hat er das deutsche Judentum gut scholarly and cultural activity. Er ist 1882 in Ratibor geboren, der Sohn eines kennen gelernt. Ein Zeugnis dafUr hat 1929 seine F.F. frommen jiidischen Hauses, und ein Schiiler des Abhandlung uber die Soziologie des Ordens in Jiidisch-Theologischen Seminars in Breslau der Festschrift zu dei^en fUnfzigjahrigen Bestehen geworden. Hier war er ein Jiinger von Israel geliefert. Levy, dem Meister der modernen Talmudfor- .i^^fR!S . THERESE FREIMANN 80 schung, von Marcus Brann, dem hervorragenden Seine rabbinischen Wirksamkeit fand Jhr Historiker des Judeotums, und von Saul Horo­ gewaltsames Ende als der Pogrom uber die vitz, dem grossen Talmudisten und Religions- deutsche Judenheit hereinbrach. Auch die Mrs. Therese Freimann recently celebrated her philosophen. Von ihnen lernend wurde er Synagoge in Spandau wurde in Brand gesteckt, 80th birthday in New York. She was born in heimisch in der weiten Welt des jiidischen und er selber hat das schauerliche KZ Sachsen­ Frankfurt/Main, the daughter of Rabbi Markus Wissens. Auf dem Seminar gewann er auch hausen erlitten. Dann hat er mit seiner Familie Horovitz ; one of her brothers was the late Mr. Hattorath Horaah, die Autorisation als Rabbiner. Zuflucht in England gefunden. Fast im letzten Abraham Horovitz, who played a leading part in Streng gesetzestreu in einer LebensfUhrung und Augenblick. w^nige Monate vor dem Ausbruch the work of the AJR. She embarked on Jewish dabei frei im Geist studierte er auf der Univer­ des Welikrieges, ist er hierher gekommen. Er welfare work in her home town at an early age, sitat Breslau Philosophie. In Erlangen promo­ hatte das Gluck, auch jetzt seinen Platz zu finden. especially in the field of care for adolescents and, vierte er mit einer Dissertation ilber das System Nach schweren Jahren wurde er der Director of as a disciple of Bertha Pappenheim, for young von Hermann Lotze, dem fiihrenden deutschen Studies bei der Society for Jewish Study. Er hat women in need of special attention. She continued Philosophen in der Mitte des neunzehnten das grosse Vortrags-und Unterrichtswerk der her social work after her emigration to the U.S. Jahrhunderts. Jiidisches Wissen und Philosophie Gesellschaft entworfen und geleitet und war tatig in 1939. There she was particularly constructive sind in ihm eng mit einander verhunden geblieben. in ihrem Seminar, diesem Brennpunkt geistigen in helping the new arrivals. Realising that, at that Es ist ein Ausdruck seines inneren Lebens, dass judischen Lebens in den Vierzigem und bis zum first stage of immigration, the women often had sein Beitrag zu der Festschrift zum 75 jahrigen Ende der funfziger Jahre. Dann sind auch fUr to be the breadwinners of the family, she eased Bestehen des Breslauer Seminars eine Unter­ ihn. den hohen Siebziger die Jahre des stillen their lot by founding kindergartens which looked suchung liber Hugo Grotius gewesen ist, den Lebens, Denkens und Forschens gekommen, after the children while the mothers had to work. Vater des modernen Volkerrechts vor dreihundert getrubt durch einen schweren Schlag, den Tod The first kindergarten was established in 1940, and Jahren. seiner Frau vor zehn Jahren, und verschont durch three further kindergartens followed soon. At die Liebe von Kindem und Enkeln. the same time, Mrs. Freimann is an active member of the Beth Abraham Home, the "Blue Card" Achtundzwanzig Jahre lang ist er in Deutsch­ Er hat immer einen herzlichen Anteil an den organisation, and the Co-operative Council of land Rabbiner gewesen, zuerst sechs Jahre lang, Menschen genommen, mit denen das Leben ihn Jewish Welfare Organisations. We extend our 1911-1917, in seiner oberschlesischen Heimat, in zusammengefiihrt hat, vor Allem ist er mit seinen grateful and cordial congratulations to Mrs. Pless, als einer der Nachfolger seines Lehrers Schulem von einst bis auf diesen Tag in Ver­ Freimann. Marcus Brann, und nachher in Spandau, bis die bindung geblieben. Einige von ihnen sind selber Verfolgung der Hitlerzeit auch seiner Wirksam- Rabbiner geworden. So nehmen auch sie herz­ lichen Anteil an seinem grossen Tage, diesem Hohepunkt seines langen Lebens. Ruckblickend auf Jahrzehnte werden sie ihm sagen, darf er PROFESSOR DR. MAX BORN 80 selber sich sagen, dass sein Wirken nicht vergeb­ lich geblieben, dass es Saat und Ernte gewesen- The Nobel Prize Winner for Physics, Pro­ ist. fessor Dr. Max Bora, recently celebrated his DR. MAX ESCHELBACHER. 80th birthday. He was Professor at Goettingen from 1921-1933. When the Nazis came to power, ALEX BEIN 60 he took up appointments at the Universities of Cambridge and, later on. of Edinburgh. During that time, he was also Chairman of the Not all great men of history have been fortunate Emergency Society of German Scholars in Exile in finding a competent biographer. Theodor Herzl, (London). Professor Born now lives in retire­ who had to undergo so many disappointments ment in Bad Pyrmont (Germany). during his prematurely shortened life, was at least favoured in this respect. For the biography which Dr. Alex Bein, who will be 60 on January 21st, published about him in 1934 was soon acknow­ ^^ RUDOLF STEINER 60 ledged as a standard work on its subject. THE LUTON Originally written m German, the author's mother The well-known bookseller Rudolf Steiner (of tongue, it was translated into several languages. R. & E. Steiner) will celebrate his 60th birthday After Adolf Friedemann, the chronicler of the on January 31. He started his career as a Zionist movement, had already pioneered the way bookseller in his home town of Munich. In the KNITTING by a description of Herzl's life, Bein was the first 'twenties he went to Berlin where he became to write a comprehensive and full-length a free-lance author and regular contributor to biography, drawing on all available source various periodicals, including the "Simpli­ material. After a careful study he wrote the cissimus ", " Ente ", and " Hamburger Echo ". He COMPANY manuscript, as he told me, in a couple of months. also worked for the German broadcasting. In Later attempts in this field could not surpass his 1929 he won a competition and his short story, LTD. work. " Jakob Ehgluecksfurtner", was published by When Alex Bein published this biography he had Cassirer Verlag in the collection " Vorstoss". Mgnufacturers of Jersey Cloth only entered his thirties. He was born on At the end of 1932 the same publishers accepted January 21st, 1903, at Steinach a.d. Saale; he his novel " Ein einzelner Mensch " ; however, the and Knitted Headwear studied history at the Berlin University, where he subsequent events made the publication impos­ was a pupil of the famous historian Friedrich sible. Mr. Steiner went to Prague in 1934 from Wholesale only where he escaped under great difficulties when the Meinecke, under whose guidance he graduated Nazis occupied Czechoslovakia. He came to with a thesis on Alexander Hamilton's political England in 1939. After having worked with a 664-668 DUNSTABLE ROAD, ideas. Meinecke, who appreciated the young London publishing firm for several years he LUTON, BEDFORDSHIRE doctor's eminent talents, procured him an appoint­ foimdcd his own firm in 1947 ; his clients include ment as a staff member of the Potsdam Deutsches university libraries, collectors and booksellers all Tel.: Luton 52516/7 Reichsarchiv ; to the best of my knowledge he was over the world. We sincerely wish Mr. Steiner the only Jew holding such position. In 1933, Bein, many happy and successful years to come. a devoted Zionist, left Germany for Jewish Pales­ AJR INFORMATION January, 1963 Page 9

Herbert Freeden (Jerusalem) of West Germany's citizens, technicians, scientists, military advisers, are in Cairo busily working for the destruction of Israel. " It is very difficult to ISRAELIS AND GERMANS accept the explanation, which can also be heard from Israeli spokesmen, that it is not ' Germany' The discussions about Israel's relations with shoutings and singings of a small group of that is helping Abdul Nasser to build rockets, but Germany and the Germans, started by the recent youngsters who vwre staging a noisy demonstra­ only ' Germans'," comments the Hebrew daily visit of Dr. Eugen Gerstenmaier, President of the tion outside the building, commandeered partly by " Ha'aretz ". Bundestag, has not yet ended and, probably, will the Communists, partly by the right-wing " Herut ". The German-language paper "Yedioth Hada- pot end for a long time to come. The situation A similar attempt had already failed at his arrival shoth " is even more outspoken: " The Egyptian IS not oniy complicated but confused, and the con­ at Lod airport. But for the threat of demonstra­ dictator whose rockets threaten us with death and fusion cuts right across the political parties. As tions, the German visitor would almost certainly destruction, could never have reached this position an example : the mayor of Ramat Gan, Mr. have postponed his visit because of the " Spiegel" without the Stuttgart physicist Dr. Saenger and Krinitzky. a prominent member of the Liberal crisis. But after so many threats and warnings he his numerous colleagues from Westem Germany Party, who prevented the municipal orchestra felt it would be improper not to come as arranged, who likewise offered their services to Abdul from a concert tour in the Bundesrepubik, was lest his absence be interpreted as yielding to Nasser. ... It is doubtful whether the authorities severely reproved in the party Press by a Liberal pressure which, in tum, might be embarrassing to in Bonn should not have been able to prevent member of the Knesset, Mr. Benno Cohn. the Israel authorities. this scandal. But leaving this aside—if the Other Dr. Gerstenmaier was an official guest, yet his The inquiry about their feelings towards Germany really dominated public opinion in the Israeli colleague. President of the Knesset, Kadish Germany which "Jerusalem Post" arranged among Bundesrepublik it would have been impossible for Luz, did not receive him in Parliament but yielded students of the Hebrew University, resulted in a Saenger, Krug, Pilz and the others to accept even to the pressure of certain groups and welcomed contradictory picture. From the extreme demand the most tempting offers by Nasser, instead of pre­ nim only in his home at Daganiah. to reject all payments of restitution and reparation paring the annihilation of Israel." Prime Minister Ben-Gurion had his picture and to shun any contact whatsoever, to the genuine Indeed, just those Israelis who want to create taken together with the visitor from Germany desire to stretch out a hand to the German youth a link with the new Germany, ask themselves : ^nng their long and cordial talk but President which was not involved in the past—there were why did the German Press not strongly denounce Ben-Zvi, at his reception for Dr. Gerstenmaier, all shades of opinions and reactions. On the those German rocket builders in Cairo ? Where, refrained from the customary pho'tographic nicety, whole, young Sephardi and Oriental Jews who so they ask themselves, are the protest meetings m consideration of the sensitive feelings of large had not suffered from the Nazis and not met any of the trade unions, of the students organisations, parts of the population. German in their lives, were more inimical than where are the interpellations in the Bundestag, boys and girls from German-Jewish families or where are the warnings and appeals of the Dr. Gerstenmaier's Lecture in Jerusalem Western-European backgrounds. " Jerusalem churches, of the writers, of the intellectuals ? Dr. Gerstenmaier, in his lecture in Jerusalem, Dr. Gerstenmaier showed a deep understanding Post" added editorially : " We do not have to resort to an intellectual and political vacuum to raised the controversial question " Did we really tor this cleavage and. indeed, one could not wish not know what happened to the Jews ? ' He was tor a better representative of " the other Ger­ forget the past, and we should be able to consider our relations with the Germany of the future on referring to the past. As to the present, there is many". His lecture at the Hebrew University not even a controversy—the Germans in Cairo greatly impressed the crowded auditorium of their merits, remembering the past, but also not forgetting the present." prepare openly for another slaughter of Jews, and professors, students, hieh civil servants and other nobody in Germany wil! have the excuse of saying intellectuals. With lucidity, dignity and tact did However, the present, too, does not make it that he did not know. It is this renewed indiffer­ f 'v'^'''* the subject of his talk " Metamorphosis quite easy for the Israeli to find a natural and ence that stands in the way of a rapprochement or the Germans ? " without taking notice of the unprejudiced approach to Germany—for hundreds between Israelis and the new Germany. LOOK SPECIALLY SLIM LONDON UNIVERSITY (E.M. DEPT.) AJR CLUB and Zion House, 57 Eton Avenue, THEODOR HERZL SOCIETY N.W.3 LECTURES on SUNDAY, JAN. 20 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS at 4.30 p.m. OF JEWISH EXISTENCE TODAY LUCIE SCHACHNE : Tuesday, January 8 ARI AVNERRE : " SOCIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN CHAIM EASTERN EUROPE " Tuesday, January 15 Prof. NORMAN BENTWiCH WEIZMANN " SOCIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST '• Sein Leben und Werk Tuesday, January 22 The Rev. CHAIM PEARL. M.A., Ph.D. : Vortrag anlasslich des " SOCIOLOGICAL-RELIGIOUS SITUATION 10. Todestages IN THE ENGLISH-SPEAKING WORLD " Tuesday, February 5 Space donated by DAViD PATTERSON : TRADE CUTTERS LIMITED " ASSIMILATION WHEREWITH ? " Britannia Works, 25 St. Pancras Way. at 8.15 p.m. at Zion House, N.W.1 57 Eton Avenue, N.W.S IN THE NEMEW H I ^M special A WORLD -WIDE TRAVEL Through BARON IRAVa COMPANY 15, EDGWAREiURY GARDENS, Unique Silhouette 'X' panels behind you as well u EOGWARE, MIDDLESEX in front give you all-round control with freedom. ^M^M^\ Tel.: STOnegrove 5019 - 8626 Elastic side panels smooth your hips and thighs. In ^tj'Jy^|r elastic net with 100 denier Bri-Nylon. Silver Lurex Cobles : TRANSBARON. EDGWARE trimming. White or Black. Small, medium, m ^ J PROPRIETOR : ). G. J. BARON. M.T.A.l. large and extra large. ^ Jr " ALWAYS AT YOUR PERSONAL SERVICE MEMKR OF TRAVEL TRADE AISOCIATION 4 iRITISH TRAVEL & HOLIDAYI Corsets Silhouette Ltd., 84 Baker St., London, W.l. ASSOCIATION Page 10 AJR INFORMATION January. 1963

on the treatment of cancer. He had always been OBITUARY interested in the antagonistic relation between thc different hormones and, as he believed that cancer DR. ERNST RACHWALSKY of the breast is due to an excessive production of the female hormone in the body, he suggested Farewell to a Friend ings and gave most useful advice. The charac­ that administration of the male hormone was the logical treatment for these cases. He persisted in Dr. Ernst Rachwalsky died recently in his 74th teristic of Dr. Emst Rachwalsky was the human this in spite of much opposition and lived to see year, lo the great grief of his large family, many touch well known to his patients and especially to his theory vindicated and his method universally friends and patients. After his postgraduate train­ our residents. adopted. It is not a cure, and he was the first to ing in hospitals and clinics in Berlin and Konigs­ In an enterprise like ours difficult situations stress this, but it has lengthened the lives and berg. he practised in Berlin as a physician and are unavoidable but Dr. Rachwalsky always over­ relieved the misery of thousands of afflicted specialist of gastric diseases. He enaigrated to came them with his common sense and his women. England in 1937, and after his qualifying exami­ humanity. To us on the House Committee his nation, built up a large practice in Upper loss opens a wide gap in our organisation, not Dr. Loeser was a man of handsome appear­ Wimpole Street. easily to be closed. ance, complete integrity and was much respected Ernst Rachwalsky was a powerful, upright per­ We had to say goodbye for ever to him but we by his colleagues and much loved by his patients. sonality who combined sound knowledge and shall always remember him as one of our best He was widely read and fond of music and the clinical judgment with the gift of inspiring fritnds. Requiescat in Pace. arts. He married, while still an assistant, confidence. His skill in practice will be sorely WALTER DUX. Susannah Courant, of Breslau, herself the daughter missed. He was a true friend to many, and of a gynjecologist. She became his constant and DR. ALFRED A. LOESER loving helpmate through all his vicissitudes and found plenty of time for services to his colleagues, A made his home a centre of personal and social both in illness and in health. He bore his own Dr. Alfred Loeser, the well-known London happiness. It is ironical that a happy companion­ ilhiess with great courage, knowing the prognosis, gynascologist, passed away on November SOth. ship of thirty years should have ended a year ago but refusing to be discouraged. He continued He was born in Nimptsch, Silesia, the son of Dr. with her death from the same disease to the cure with his work until the last moment, often in Nathan Loeser, the local County Medical Officer of which he had devoted his life. He leaves two pain and di^comfoirt, but never letting his friends of Health, and studied medicine at Freiburg and daughters, one a doctor and the other a well- and patients notice this. Breslau. For four years he worked as assistant known 'cellist. Emst Rachwalsky was a man of wide interests. to the celebrated Professor Morgenroth at the His garden he made into a place of beauty. He Charitd (Berlin). With the advent of World DR. SELMAR SPIER liked nature, mountains and travelling, and we War I, Loeser joined a Prussian regiment as an made many journeys together. He was also a well- officer in the Medical Service. After being Dr. Selmar Spier (Ramot Hashavim) passed kncwn stamp collector. He gave his services to the wounded he returned to his old hospital, the away recently. He was 69 years old. He was the AJR Board and to the Old Age Homes, and was Charit6, where he spent the next four years. He scion of a well-known Frankfurt family and revered as a friend by people in need. By his was then appointed Director of the gynaecological practised in his home town until 1934, when he death our community has lost an excellent doctor and obstetric departments of the Jewish and emigrated to Palestine to become a settler in and a kind and generous man. The world is Hufeland Hospitals in Berlin, and, through his Ramat Hashavim. After the foundation of the poorer for his passing. diagnostic and operative skill, soon acquired a Leo Baeck Institute he was the Secretary of the H.S. large and influential practice. In addition to this, Institute's Jerusalem Centre from 1955 to 1958. Loeser maintained his interest in research which At the request of U.R.O. he went to Frankfurt Tribute From Otto Hirsch House was to lead eventually to his outstanding work on in 1958 and worked at the office there until A few minute.s' walk from Kew Gardens lies cancer. He managed to combine a busy pro­ 1962. During that time he also published his the Otto Hirsch House, one of our Homes for Old fessional and social life with the publication of memoirs under the heading: "Vor 1914— Aged People. If you enter the main gate you are nearly ninety clinical and scientific papers. Erinnemngen an Frankfurt, gescbrieben in greeted by large stretches of lawn and flower Dr. Loeser came to England in 1934 and after Israel", a book which at the same time is a vivid beds with beautiful roses and evergreen shrubs requalifying in Edinburgh settled in London in and important contribution to the history of of all kinds, a pleasure to our visitors and our consultant practice. His international reputation Frankfurt Jewry of his generation. During the residents ; but the inan who planted all this beauty soon secured him a considerable practice and his last period of his life he was working on the will never see it again. second part of these recollections. The death of extensive experience and practical skill were this capable and unassuming man is a great loss On November 21st our dear friend—^Dr. Ernst widely sought and utilised. His chief surgical to the organisations with which he was asso­ RachwaUky—left us for ever. Right from the interest was in plastic reconstruction for sterility ciated and to the many friends he leaves all beginning he became a member of our House and there are many children who would never over the world. We extend our sincerest sym­ Committee, and a very active one. In spite of have been born but for his operative dexterity. pathy to his family. his failing health he regularly attended our meet­ Loeser's chief claim to fame, however, is his work

FAMILY EVENTS BOOKKEEPER, experienced up to BUSINESS COUPLE travelling to Enquiries by AJR trial balance, good references, seeks Israel end of January for several Birthday full- or part-time or homework. Box months would take on commissions. Adler.—Mrs. Gertrud Adler, widow Heimann.—Mrs. Frieda Heimann, 65 176. of the late Hans Siegfried Adler, who Eton Avenue, London, N.W.3, will 'Phone PRI. 7468 or write Box 179. BOOKKEEPER, experienced, with WOULD ANYBODY who knows passed away December 2nd, 1959, last celebrate her 75th birthday on Janu­ stock record analysis, general office known address 78 Canfield Gardens, ary 9th. 1963. something about the will of the late London, N.W.6. routine, reliable, responsible, seeks Mr. Herman Ascher please com­ full-time position. Box 180. Amdt.—Mr. Willy Arndt, whose Death municate with HAMpstead 7088. mother was n^e Bieber, wanted by Bergnoiann.—Dr. Curt Bergmann, AGENT with good connections in general wholesale and retail trades relatives in La Paz. Mr. Arndt lawyer and notary (formerly Dresden) Personal emigrated to England in 1938, lived (England 1938-1948) passed away on wants suitable agencies. Own car. Box 181. for some time after the war in November 28th, 1962, in Berlin after REFINED WIDOW, lonely, mid-609, Frankfurt/Main but returned to a long illness, aged 76 years. Deeply SECRETARY, English / German independent means, wants to meet England later on. mourned by his wife (Berlin, West- shorthand-typist, bookkeeping up to non-orthodox cultured gentleman Zehlendorf, 10 Bogotastrasse) and trial balance, experienced, orthodox, 65-72. Object friendship or matri­ Weiss.—Mr. Gerhard Weiss, bom seeks full-time position, preferably 1902/04 in Zabrze (Hindenburg). his relatives and friends. mony. Strictly confidential. Box Upper Silesia, came to England in with a small firm. Box 177. 33160, Urbach International Advertis­ CLASSIFIED 1939 (formeriy of Gleiwitz Wilhelm­ Accommodation Vacant ing Ltd., 23 Lyndhurst Road, London, str.), last known address in England. Situations Vacant FURNISHED FLATLET, Golders N.W.3. Kitchener Camp. Hut 37/1, Rich­ Women Green; bed-sitting-room, kitchen, WIDOW. 54, cheerful, domesticated, borough, near Sandwich, Kent, pro­ COMPANION required for retired dining-room ; newly decorated ; Ascot, working, lonely, wishes to meet fession machinist, wanted by relatives doctor and wife living in Suffolk. basin, cooker, 'phone, use of bath ; gentleman. Object friendship. Box in Poland. Enquiries, 'phone SPEedwell 1183. 5 gns. weekly; single lady. Tele­ 178. phone SPE. 6785. Situations Wanted Men Miscellaneous AJR Attendance Service ANGLO-GERMAN LAWYERS' GENTLEMAN, 58, healthy, versatUe, VISITING SECRETARY, typing, ASSOCIATION orthodox, former owner of dress­ translating, interpreting English, WOMEN available to care for sick making firm, experienced in book­ German. French. Own typewriter. people and invalids, as companions LECTURE BY keeping, P.A.Y.E., general office BAY. 8777. and sitters-in ; full- or part-time (not Professor Otto Kahn-Freund LONDON GIRL, aged 18, leaving residential). 'Phone MAI. 4449. routine, seeks position, preferably as (Professor of English Law at the London Assistant to Manager. Box 175. school January, would like to meet School of Economics) similar as companion(s) for 5-6 MISSING PERSONS on weeks' trip to Israel early February. AMBITIOUS YOUNG MAN Box 174. Mannheimer.—Relatives of the late " Problems of Hormonising the required to be trained in manage­ SUPERFLUOUS HAIR safely and Mrs. Natalia Mannheimer (n6e Legal Systems Within the Common ment and control. This position permanently removed by qualified Schendel) born July 12th, 1879, in Market " offers great scope and opportunity Physiotherapist and Electrolysist. Strzelno/Mogilno, Poland, daughter for further advancement. of Juliusz Schendel and Rozalia TUESDAY. JANUARY 22, 1963, at 8 p.m. Write in confidence, stating details of Facials. Body massage. Visits at tiie Gerinan Institute, 51 Princes Gate, experience, age. to : Managing Director. arranged. Mrs. Dutch, D.R.E., 239 (n^e Pincus), wanted as heirs by Otto Exl)lbltion Road, London. S.W.7. Marida Hat Manufacturing Co.. Willesden Lane, N.W.2. Tel. : WIL­ Wilfert, Inselsbergstr. 18, 623 Frank- 1, Dudley Street. Luton. GUESTS WELCOME. lesden 1849. furt-H6chst. i AJR INFORMATION JanUafy, 1963 Page 11 BERLIN SCHOOL REMEMBERS ITS JEWISH TEACHER LEO BAECK INSTITUTE LECTURE The next lacture under the auspices of the: The memory of Professor Dr. Leo Fembach Fernbach geb Guttmann (geb. 7.6.1858), und ihr Friends of the Leo Baeck Institute will be held u^t *^^^^ ^' ''^^ Luisenstaedtische Oberreal- Sohn Dr. Hans Fembach (geb. 10.8.93), zuletzt on Thursday, 17th January, at 8 p.m. at the schule (later Realgymnasium) in Berlin was wohnhaft Berlin-Friedenau, WiUielmshoeher Wiener Library, 4 Devonshire Street, W.l. Mr. f°°<>ureWorld Jewish Congress, at the close of its i'^vl "" J Erschuetterung die Nachricht gelesen of Prof. Fembach had to suffer the same fate as recent special two-day conference in London, naoen, dass er mit seinen Angehoerigen in einem their parents and their brother. issued a call to the United Nations, democratic nauonalsozialistischen Vernichtungslager auf Governments and religious and humanitarian luerchterhche Weise ermordet worden ist. Dass AJR Information received the tributes quoted organisations throughout the world, to take aieser verdiente Wissenschaftler, Lehrer und above from Mr. L. Felix (18 Wallwood Road, energetic measures against the international Nazi- 7 i, ^''' '^^•' ^'^'e Hunderte junger Deutscher Leytonstone, London, E.ll), who would be grate­ fascist conspiracy and its local manifestation. ^u kiar denkenden, gewissenhaften, pflichtgetreuen ful if any former pupils of the L.O.R.-L.R.G. A resolution, adopted by the 60 delegates from f^igehoerigen ihrer Volksgemeinschaft erzogen would get in touch with him. 15 European countries, declared that Nazi and ^t, nach einem arbeitsreichen, mit unendlichem fascist groups were exploiting antisemitism as a t-ieisse erfuellten Leben als alter Mann so WAR ORPHANS RESCUE weapon directed not only against the Jews but sterben musste, bleibt fuer jeden, der sich also against democracy. 1? emer fuerchterlichen Zeit Herz und The aim of the conference was to assess the vjemuet bewahrt hat, unfassbar. Ich erinnere A fully documented history of the work of the Commission on the Status of Jewish War Orphans composition, character and financial sources of the iri. °*^^ S^™ 3ls Physiker seiner Irefflichen various neo-Nazi and fascist groups and the extent untersuchung ueber 'Die Geige als akustisches in Europe is to be published shortly. The book will recall what the Chief Rabbi, the Chairman to which they were already linked. In Europe Jostnament', und viele kennen seine gute und alone there have been 23 international conferences ^rgtaeltige Bearbeitung des Werkes von Adolf of the Commission, described as " a wonderful chapter in the story of rescue work ". of fascist and Nazi groups within the last few weckfuss '500 Jahre Berliner Geschichte'. years. There are already eleven international yewiss war er fuer viele kein einfacher Lehrer, The decision to publish the book was taken at groups in existence, including two international unrf ^ s'reng und in Dingen des klaren Denkens the first meeting of the Commission to be held youth organisations. hch u P^'Dl'<^h zuverlaessigen Arbeit unerbitt- since 1954. Dr. Brodie who presided, said: "It ,.; ' ^J^r gerade diese Eigenschaften erfuellen has been felt for a long time that the activities ihn •°?^''ar'«n Schueler mit der Versicherung, carried out under the auspices of the Commission NEO-NAZIS MEET nJ-j"^"^"* ™ vergessen ; ich verspreche das und should be recorded in order that there should be Werde es halten." a visible reminder of the evil consequences of the Neo-Nazi youth groups, although small in Nazi persecution and also of the heroic and number, are becoming increasingly active. In a further tribute, pubUshed in April, 1961, magnificent efforts on the part of the Commission Recently about 300 representatives of neo-Nazi Wrot .'^ Hansen-Schmidt (now Stockholm) and other organisations to save ' a brand plucked youth groups from Germany, Austria and emigre from the fire.' "—(J.C.) communities of Rumanians, Hungarians, Bul­ Inn ™ hahc ich gesehen, dass Sie die Mittei- garians and Czechs met in Passau under the ungen ueber Prof. Fembachs trauriges Ende zur guidance of Arthur Erhardt, publisher of the sebr°^* der grossen ' LORE'—Gemeinde AJR MANCHESTER German neo-Nazi monthly " Nation Europa", Fai!^I i haben. Alle wi&sen nun, wie in seinem and H. Suendermann, formerly deputy Nazi lano '' ^^'^^ '^^^ Vaterlandes' fuer jahrzehnte- To satisfy the demand of the long waiting list Press chief. 6o]ch H*"^ Pflichterfuellung ausgesehen hat. for the Old Age Home in Manchester (Morris A group calling itself " Junges Europa" also noch Informationen sind notwendig, weil es Feinman Home) another nearby property has been convened another meeting of young neo-Nazis ni^t "V™*"" *'n* Menge Ahnungsloser gibt, die purchased and will be converted into an annexe, at Goslar. The group is said to comprise fascist sie e ^, "''^n wollen, was vorgefallen ist, weil thus adding 14 single rooms to the accommoda­ youth organisations in several European countries halt aa'taendige Menschen fuer undenkbar tion of 46 residents in the main building. The and South Africa. wir a?i ^'^"^ erfahren sie nun, wie einem, den scheme is being implemented with the help of The neo-Nazi German Freedom Party, which GXI 1 ^"* kannten, mitgespielt worden ist. Am the Allocations Committee of the Central British was formed early in 1962, following a split in the JJcoenktage von Jena und Auerstaedt, am 14. Fund. The Administering Committee of the Man­ extremist German Reich Party, held its first v^tober, 1942, wurden Prof. Dr. Leo Fembach chester Home consists of committee members of national rally in DUsseldorf, with deleptes from vgeo. 18.1.1859 in Berlin), seine Frau Amalie the local AJR branch. all parts of Westem Germany attending.—(J.C.) Catering with a difference DOWNS VIEW "HOUSE ARLET" ma\ 1.°' ,'" nations for formal or Infor- 'THE HOUSE ON THE HILL' PRIVATE HOTEL venue E —'" y°^^ own home or anv 40 BOUVERIE RD. WEST, FOLKESTONE, 77 St. Gabriel's Road, N.W.2 free consultations—please 'phone Nursery and Kindergarten KENT 'Phone : GLA. 4029 Mrs. J. Comfort and Mrs. P. Beer visitors to London are welcomed In mv exquisitely furnished and cultured Private announce that they have now Hotel. Mrs. ILLY LiEBERMANN 5 NETHERHALL GARDENS, N.W.3 Central Heating. Garden, TV. retired and regret they are unable Good residential district. WEStern 2872 Prospectus from the Principal. HAM. 1662 to accept any more bookings. MRS. LOTTE SCHWARZ

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CULTURAL NEWS EINSTEIN " REHABILITATED " A special volume devoted to Professor Albert NOBEL PRIZE FOR J(EW FROM AUSTRIA B.M.A.'s TRIBUTE TO DERMATOLOGIST Einstein, author of the theory of relativity and entitled " Einstein ", has been written by Professor This year's Nobel Prize for chemistry has been The dermatologist. Dr. Frederick WilUam Boris Kuznetzov, one of the leading scientists in jointly awarded to two scientists working in the Jacobson, passed away in Jamaica, aged 68. He the U.S.S.R. This contrasts sharply with the Medical Research Council's Unit for Molecular was bom in Germany and, prior to his emigra­ boycott of Einstein which has been maintained Biology at Cambridge, Dr. Max Perutz and Dr. tion, worked with the Charity and the Rudolph for years in Soviet writing. John Kendrew. Dr. Perutz, the Director of the Virchow Hospital. He came to Great Britain in Professor Kuznetzov's book, of which 25,000 Unit, was born in Austria. He cante to England 1934 and, after having obtained his qualifications copies were published, was sold out within a few as a research student in 1936, after taking a degree in this country, was associated with the London hours. A second volume is to be produced in chemistry in Vienna. When the Nazis occupied Jewish Hospital; he was also a part-time con­ shortly, to contain new material supplied by Austria, he could not return to his home country sultant dermatologist to the L.C.C. After having Professor Otto Nathan, Einstein's best friend. served with the R.A.M.C. during the war, he left and stayed here as a refugee. " The Ministry HEBREW IN RUSSLi of Labour was very strict", he said in an for Jamaica in 1947, where he later on became interview published in the Sunday Times, and an associate lecturer and consultant at the Uni­ The works of about a dozen Hebrew writers, at one time it looked as if he would have to go versity of the West Indies and its teaching many of them living and writing in Israel, are to America. However, with the help of a grant hospital. In an obituary, published in the British to be published in Russian translation in a new from the Rockefeller Foundation it became Medical Journal of November 24, tribute is anthology of Jewish poetry to be issued by the possible for him to continue his research work, especially paid to his outstanding teaching quali­ Moscow State Publishing House. and dunng the war he was given the oppor­ ties. " This dependable, honest, compassionate, argumentative, enthusiastic man (the Joumal DEATH OF DR. KARL SCHWARTZ tunity of dedicating his knowledge to the war writes) was a true friend to all who merited his effort. Since 1947, he has worked under the friendship. The large coitgregation of colleagues, The art historian, Dr. Karl Schwartz passed auspices of the Medical Research Council. students, friends and patients at his funeral was away in Tel Aviv at the age of 77. Prior to his evidence of their esteem." emigration in 1933, he was for several years Director of the Berlin Jewish Museum. His IGOR OISTRAKH IN ISRAEL works include a book on " Jews in Art" (pub­ AWARD FOR AMERICAN PHYSICIST lished 1928). Igor Oistrakh, the Russian violinist, was accorded a tremendous welcome when he per­ Dr. Edward Teller, the American-Jewish FRENCH PRIZE formed with the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra at physicist and Nobel Prize winner, has won the Anna Langfus, a Polish-born Jewish writer, has his first concert in the Mann Auditorium at Tel U.S.A. Atomic Energy Commission's Enrico been awarded France's major literary award, the Aviv. Fermi Award for 1962. He has been chosen for Goncourt Prize, for her book " Baggage of Under the patronage of the Soviet Ambassador, his contributions to chemical and nuclear physics, Sand". It describes the loneliness of a Jewisb Mr. Mikhail Bodroy, the concert was attended by for his leadership in themonuclear research and woman who has lost her entire family in the Cabinet Ministers and diplomatic representatives. "for his efforts to strengthen national security". catastrophe. The hall was packed and Oistrakh was greeted Dr. Teller, a native of Hungaxy, went to the The awards means the elevation of the book with long and loud applause when he appeared U.S.A. in the 'thirties. He is often referred to as to the rank of best-seller in France and all on the platform. " the father of the hydrogen bomb ".—(J.C.) French-speaking territories.

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