21 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007

UPDATED OKLAHOMA OZARK FLORA A Checklist for the Vascular Flora of Ozark Plateau in Oklahoma based on the work of C.S. Wallis and records from the Oklahoma Vascular Plants Database

Bruce W. Hoagland Oklahoma Biological Survey and Department of Geography University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019-0575 e-mail: [email protected]

Charles Wallis’ 1959 dissertation determined using the USDA-NRCS (2007). “Vascular Plants of the Oklahoma The WOL and OC were summarized Ozarks” is one of the most important separately following Palmer et al. (1995) florisitic works for state botanists and (Tables 1 and 2). The OC was also compared conservationists. Although a number of with the rare species tracking list of the local and county floras for Oklahoma Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory (2007) have been published, only Wallis and C. T. to determine which species of conservation Eskew (1937) have completed regional interest were listed (Table 3). studies. Wallis’s interest in the Ozark The WOL consisted of 1,205 species or flora began with his 1953 masters thesis, 1,240 when subspecies, varieties, and hybrids “The Spermophyta of Cherokee County were added. These taxa belong to 556 genera Oklahoma,” and subsequent studies in in 131 families. In the OC, there were 303 collaboration with U. T. Waterfall at species that did not appear in the WOL, for a Oklahoma A&M (Wallis 1957; Wallis and total of 1,508 species. Subspecies, varieties, Waterfall 1953; Waterfall and Wallis 1962, and hybrids accounted for 57 additional taxa, 1963). This paper has two objectives, to increasing the total to 1,565 taxa. (Note that update the taxonomy of Wallis’s Ozark list the OC does not include Castanea dentata, (WOL) and to provide a current Ozark Opuntia phaeacantha, and Quercus coccinea species checklist (OC) by inclusion of records that which appeared in Wallis’s original list. They did not appear in WOL. Since several have since been annotated to other taxa.) decades have passed since the WOL was These taxa belong to 615 genera in 145 completed, there have been many changes families. The most speciose families in the in the taxonomy of the plants listed. WOL were the Asteraceae 213, Poaceae 172, These updates will enhance the utility of Cyperaceae 104, and Fabaceae 100. The the WOL for modern users and not genus Carex contained the most species (51) detract from Wallis’s original work. in the WOL, followed by Dichanthelium and The OC was compiled by comparing Polyogonum, each with 20 taxa. the updated WOL with the Oklahoma There were 134 taxa of non-native plants Vascular Plants Database (OVPD; or 10.8% of the total taxa in the WOL. There Hoagland et al. 2007). Nomenclature for were an additional 54 non-native taxa in the the OC follows the United States OC for a total of 188, or 12.0% of the total Department of Agriculture-Natural taxa reported. Non-native species occurred in Resources Conservation Service (USDA- 45 families. The genera with the greatest NRCS 2007). In the OC, species number of non-native species were Trifolium introduced to North America were (7 species), Bromus (5), and Polygonum (5).

Hoagland, B.W. https://doi.org/10.22488/okstate.17.100052 22 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007

Seventy-nine taxa tracked by the Elisens, and R. Tyrl. 2007. Oklahoma Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory Vascular Plants Database. University of were present in the OC (Table 3). Of Oklahoma, Norman. www.biosurvey.ou.edu these, 50 were reported by Wallis and 28 accessed 1 October 2007). were added from the OVPD. Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory. 2007. Conservation ranks are assigned to taxa Oklahoma Natural Heritage Inventory according to level of imperilment at the working list of rare Oklahoma plants. state (S) and global (G) levels on a scale of University of Oklahoma, Norman. 1 – 5, where 1 represents a species that is (www.biosurvey.ou.edu/publicat.html imperiled and 5 a species that it is secure accessed 1 October 2007). (Groves et al. 1995). Fifty-one taxa or Palmer, M.W., G.L. Wade, and P. Neal. 1995. 66.4% of those in Table 3 were ranked as Standards for the writing of floras. G5 and thus considered demonstrably Bioscience 45: 339-345. secure at the global scale. No taxa were USDA-NRCS. 2007. The PLANTS Database ranked G1 or G2, indicating imperilment National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, at the global level. Thirty-one taxa LA 70874-4490 USA(http://plants.usda.gov (39.7%), however, were ranked as S1, 12 accessed 1 May 2007). as S2,and 19 as S1S2. The higher Wallis, C.S. 1953. The Spermatophyta of percentage of state rare species indicates Cherokee County, Oklahoma (exclusive of that many of these species are at the the Poaceae, Cyperaceae, and Juncaceae). western margin of their ranges in eastern M.S. thesis, Oklahoma A&M College, Oklahoma. In Oklahoma, some of Stillwater, Oklahoma. species listed in Table 3 occur only in the Wallis, C.S. 1957. Additions to the Ozarks, such as Clematis virginiana, Oklahoma flora from the Oklahoma Equisetum arvense (one location in Adair Ozarks. Proc. Oklahoma Acad. Sci. 38: County), Erigenia bulbosa, Gentiana alba, 3-5. Glyceria acutiflora, Heteranthera dubia (one Wallis, C.S. 1957. Additions to the Oklahoma location in Cherokee County), Physocarpus flora from the Oklahoma Ozarks. Proc. opulifolius var. intermedius, Silene regia, and Oklahoma Acad. Sci 38: 3-5. Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (Cherokee Wallis, C.S. 1959. Vascular plants of the County only). Castanea pumila var. Oklahoma Ozarks. Ph.D dissertation, ozarkensis and Silene regia are species of Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, concern and were once candidates for Oklahoma. federal listing as threatened. Wallis, C.S. and U.T. Waterfall. 1953. Additions to the Oklahoma flora from Literature Cited Cherokee County. Proc. Oklahoma Acad. Sci. 34: 124-125. Eskew, C.T. 1937. The flowering plants Waterfall, U.T. and C.S. Wallis. 1962. Some of the Wichita National Forest. M.S. geographic relationships of the vascular thesis, University of Oklahoma, flora of the Oklahoma Ozarks: Studies in Norman. the composition and distribution of the Groves, C.R., M.L. Klein, and T.F. Oklahoma flora. Proc. Oklahoma Acad. Breden. 1995. Natural heritage Sci. 43: 61-63. programs: public-private partnerships Waterfall, U.T. and C.S. Wallis. 1963. A list for biodiversity conservation. Wildlife of the vascular flora of the Oklahoma Society Bulletin 23: 784-790. Ozarks. Proc. Oklahoma Acad. Sci. 44: Hoagland, B.W., A.K. Buthod, I.H. 11-22. Butler, P. Callahan-Crawford, W.E.

Hoagland, B.W. 23 Oklahoma Native Plant Record Volume 7, Number 1, December 2007

Table 1 Summary of Wallis’s (1959) floristic list Table 3 Species tracked by the Oklahoma Natural of the Oklahoma Ozarks. Numbers outside the Heritage Inventory in the Oklahoma Ozarks. This list parentheses represent the number of species is a combination of Wallis (1959) and records from the reported, those within the parentheses represent Oklahoma Vascular Plants Database. Taxa not the total number of taxa reported, including reported in Wallis 1959 are denoted with #. Taxa are subspecies and varieties. The number of hybrids ranked according to level of imperilment at the state (S) reported is denoted with an asterisk. and global (G) levels on a scale of 1 – 5, where 1 represents a species that is imperiled and 5 a species Non- that it is secure (Groves et al. 1995). Taxonomic Group Taxa Native native G- S- Equisetophyta 0 (1*) 0 (1*) 0 Taxa rank rank

Lycopodiophyta 1 1 0 Agalinis tenuifolia var. parviflora G5 S2S3

Pteridophyta 21 21 0 #Agalinis viridis G4 S1

Coniferophyta 2 2 0 Aletris farinose G5 S1S2 1,181 1,047 Magnoliophyta (1,215) (1,081) 134 Arabis shortii G5 S1S2 G4 781 Arnoglossum atriplicifolium G5 S1S2 Magnoliopsida 882 (909) (808) 101 266 Arnoglossum reniforme G4 S1S3 Liliopsida 299 (306) (273) 33 1,205 1,071 Aruncus dioicus var. pubescens G5 S1S3 Total (1,240) (1,106) 134 Asplenium bradleyi G4 S1 Table 2 Summary of all plants reported from the Oklahoma Ozarks based upon Wallis (1959) and Axonopus fissifolius G5 S1 data in the Oklahoma Vascular Plants Database. Numbers outside the parentheses represent the #Brachyelytrum erectum G5 S1 number of species reported, those within the parentheses represent the total number of taxa #Brasenia schreberi G5 S1 reported, including subspecies and varieties. The number of hybrids reported is denoted with an Callirhoe bushii G3 S3 asterisk. #Calopogon oklahomensis G4 S1 Taxonomic Non- Group Taxa Native native Calopogon tuberosus var. tuberosus G5 S1

Equisetophyta 3 (3; 1*) 3 (3; 1*) 0 Carex cephalophora var. cephalophora G5 S2

Lycopodiophyta 3 3 0 Carex oklahomensis G4 S2

Pteridophyta 31 (32) 31 (32) 0 #Carex oxylepis G5 S2

Coniferophyta 3 3 0 Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis G5 S2 1,481 1,280 (1,518; (1,330; #Cayaponia grandifolia G4 S1 Magnoliophyta 5*) 5*) 188

1,082 Cladrastis kentukea G4 S2S3 (1,125; 945 (983; Magnoliopsida 5*) 5*) 142 Clematis virginiana G5 S1S2

Liliopsida 381 (393) 335 (347) 46 #Collinsia verna G5 S1 1,508 1,321 Total (1,565) (1,377) 188 #Corallorrhiza odontorhiza G5 S1

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Cotinus obovatus G4 S3 Panicum brachyanthum G5 S2S3

#Croton michauxii G5 S1 #Perideridia americana G4 S1S2

#Cypripedium kentuckiense G3 S1 #Phacelia gilioides G5 S1

Desmodium pauciflorum G5 S1 Phaseolus polystachios G4 S1

Dicentra cucullaria G5 S1S2 Philadelphus pubescens G5 S2

Draba aprica G3 S1 Physocarpus opulifolius var.intermedius G5 S1S3

#Drosera brevifolia G5 S2S3 #Pilularia americana G5 S1S2

#Equisetum arvense G5 S1 Platanthera lacera G5 S1S2

#Erigenia bulbosa G5 S1S2 #Podostemum ceratophyllum G5 S2

Fraxinus quadrangulata G5 S2S3 Rhamnus lanceolata ssp. glabrata G5 S1 G4 Galium arkansanum G5 S1S2 #Rhus lanceolata G5 S1S2

#Gentiana alba G4 S1 Rhododendron canescens G5 S2S3 G4 #Gentiana puberulenta G5 S1 #Ribes missouriense G5 S1

Glyceria acutiflora G5 S1 Rorippa teres G5 S1S2

Hedeoma pulegioides G5 S1S3 Silene regia G3 S1

Heteranthera dubia G5 S2 Sporobolus vaginiflorus var. ozarkanus G5 S1S2

Hexalectris spicata G5 S1S2 Symphyotrichum laeve var. laeve G5 S1S3

Hypericum gentianoides G5 S1S2 Symphyotrichum novae-angliae G5 S1

Impatiens pallida G5 S2 Tilia americana var. americana G5 S1S2

Iris cristata G5 S2 Tilia americana var. caroliniana G5 S1S2 G4 Iris virginica G5 S2 #Tipularia discolor G5 S1 G3 #Malaxis unifolia G5 S1 Tradescantia ernestiana G4 S?

#Marsilea vestita G5 S1 Tradescantia ozarkana G3 S1S2

#Monotropa hypopithys G5 S1 Ulmus serotina G4 S2

#Monotropa uniflora G5 S1 Urtica dioica G5 S2

#Muhlenbergia bushii G5 S1S2 Uvularia grandiflora G5 S2S3

Neobeckia aquatica G4 S1S3 Valerianella ozarkana G3 S1 G3 #Panax quinquefolius G4 S1

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Appendix: a checklist for the vascular flora of Ozark Plateau in Oklahoma. This list was compiled from Wallis (1959) with additions from the Oklahoma Vascular Plant Database (Hoagland et al. 2007). # Indicates species not appearing in Wallis (1959). * Indicates species that are not native to North America are marked with an asterisk.

EQUISETOPHYTA Marsileaceae Equisetaceae #Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grev. #Equisetum arvense L. #Pilularia americana A. Braun Equisetum ×ferrissii Clute (pro sp.) [hyemale × laevigatum]. Syn. = Equisetum hymenale Ophioglossaceae L. var. intermedium. #Botrychium dissectum Spreng. #Equisetum hyemale L. Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. #Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun #Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walt. #Ophioglossum engelmannii Prantl LYCOPODIOPHYTA Isoetaceae Polypodiaceae #Isoetes melanopoda Gay & Durieu ex Durieu #Pleopeltis polypodioides (L.) Andrews & Windham ssp. michauxiana (Weatherby) Selaginellaceae Andrews & Windham Selaginella apoda (L.) Fern. #Selaginella rupestris (L.) Spring Pteridaceae Adiantum capillus-veneris L. PTERIDOPHYTA Adiantum pedatum L. Aspleniaceae Argyrochosma dealbata (Pursh) Windham. Asplenium bradleyi D.C. Eat. Syn. = Notholaena dealbata (Pursh) Asplenium platyneuron (L.) B.S.P. Kunze. Asplenium resiliens Kunze Asplenium trichomanes L. Asplenium rhizophyllum L. Syn. = Cheilanthes alabamensis (Buckl.) Kunze Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link. Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) D.C. Eat. Syn. = C. vestita (Spreng.) Sw. Dryopteridaceae #Cheilanthes tomentosa Link Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth ssp. Pellaea atropurpurea (L.) Link asplenioides (Michx.) Hultén. Syn. = A. #Pellaea wrightiana Hook. filix-femina (L.) Roth var. asplenioides #Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. latiusculum (Michx.) Farw. (Desv.) Underwood ex Heller #Cystopteris bulbifera (L.) Bernh. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn var. Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. var. fragilis. pseudocaudatum (Clute) Heller Wallis listed forma dentata (Dickson) Clute Cystopteris tennesseensis Shaver. Syn. = C. Thelypteridaceae fragilis (L.) Bernh. var. simulans Phegopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) Fée. Syn. (Weatherby) McGregor. = Dryopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) C. Dryopteris marginalis (L.) Gray Christens. Onoclea sensibilis L. #Thelypteris palustris Schott var. pubescens Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott (Lawson) Fern. Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr.

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CONIFEROPHYTA Rhus aromatica Alt. var. aromatica Cupressaceae Rhus aromatica Alt. var. serotina (Greene) #Juniperus ashei Buchh. Rehd. Juniperus virginiana L. Rhus copallinum L. var. latifolia Engl. Rhus glabra L. Pinaceae #Rhus lanceolata (Gray) Britt. Pinus echinata P. Mill. #Rhus trilobata Nutt. #Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. simplicifolia (Greene) MAGNOLIOPHYTA Barkl. MAGNOLIOPSIDA Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Acanthaceae Greene. Syn. = Rhus radicans L. var. Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. vulgaris (Michx.) DC. Wallis listed Justicia americana (L.) Vahl. formas negundo (Greene) Fern. and #Ruellia caroliniensis (J.F. Gmel.) Steud. ssp. vulgaris. ciliosa (Pursh) R.W. Long var. cinerascens Toxicodendron pubescens P. Mill. Syn. = (Fern.) Kartesz & Gandhi Rhus toxicodendron L. Ruellia humilis Nutt. Syns. = R. humilis Nutt. var. expansa Fern. and R. humilis Nutt. Anonaceae var. longiflora (Gray) Fern. Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal Ruellia pedunculata Torr. ex Gray Ruellia strepens L. Apiaceae (= Umbelliferae) #Ammoselinum butleri (Engelm. ex S. Wats.) Aceraceae Coult. & Rose Acer negundo L. var. negundo *#Anethum graveolens L. Acer negundo L. var. texanum Pax Angelica venenosa (Greenway) Fern. Acer rubrum L. #Bifora americana Benth. & Hook. f. ex S. Acer saccharinum L. Wats. Acer saccharum Marsh. Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz #Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. var. Amaranthaceae dasycarpum Hook. ex S. Wats. Amaranthus albus L. Chaerophyllum tainturieri Hook. var. tainturieri. #Amaranthus arenicola I.M. Johnston Syn. = C. texanum Coult. & Rose. Amaranthus graecizans L. Cicuta maculata L. Amaranthus hybridus L. Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. #Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. *Daucus carota L. Wallis listed formas carota Amaranthus retroflexus L. and epurpuratus Farw. Amaranthus spinosus L. Daucus pusillus Michx. Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer. #Erigenia bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. Syn. = Acnida tamariscina auct. non Eryngium leavenworthii Torr. & Gray (Nutt.) Wood #Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC. Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq. var. Eryngium yuccifolium Michx. var. synchaetum campestris (Small) Fern. Gray ex Coult. & Rose Froelichia graçilis (Nutt.) Moq. Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Iresine rhizomatosa Standl. Limnosciadium pinnatum (DC.) Mathias & Constance Anacardiaceae Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Syn. = Cotinus obovatus Raf.

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Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. var. Asclepiadaceae villicaulis Fern. Asclepias amplexicaulis Sm. Oxypolis rigidior (L.) Raf. Asclepias hirtella (Pennell) Woods. #Perideridia americana (Nutt. ex DC.) Asclepias incarnata L. ssp. incarnata Reichenb. Asclepias obovata Ell. Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Asclepias purpurascens L. #Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. #Ptilimnium nuttallii (DC.) Britt. Asclepias stenophylla Gray Sanicula canadensis L. var. canadensis Asclepias sullivantii Engelm. ex Gray Sanicula odorata (Raf.) K.M. Pryer & L.R. Asclepias tuberosa L. ssp. interior Woods. Phillippe. Syn. = S. gregaria Bickn. #Asclepias variegata L Spermolepis divaricata (Walt.) Raf. ex Ser. Asclepias verticillata L. Spermolepis echinata (Nutt. ex DC.) Heller Asclepias viridiflora Raf. Syn. = A. viridiflora Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude Raf. var. lanceolata (Ives) Torr. and A. Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. viridiflora Raf. var. linearis (Gray) Fern. Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) Gray var. aureum Asclepias viridis Walt. Britt. Syn. = T. trifoliatm (L.) Gray var. Cynanchum laeve (Michx.) Pers. flavum Blake. Matelea baldwyniana (Sweet) Woods. *#Torilis arvensis (Huds.) Link Matelea decipiens (Alexander) Woods. *Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC. Matelea gonocarpos (Walt.) Shinners Trepocarpus aethusae Nutt. ex DC. Zizia aptera (Gray) Fern. Asteraceae (= Compositae) Zizia aurea (L.) W.D.J. Koch Achillea millefolium L. var. occidentalis DC. Syn. = A. lanulosa Nutt. Wallis listed Apocynaceae formas lanulosa and rubicunda Farwell. Amsonia illustris Woods. Ageratina altissima (L.) King & H.E. Robins. Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. var. salicifolia var. altissima. Wallis listed villicaule Fern. (Pursh) Woods. Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. var. elatior (L.) Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. var. Descourtils. Wallis listed forma villosa tabernaemontana Fern. & Griseb. Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Ambrosia bidentata Michx. Apocynum cannabinum L. Syn. = A. Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Syn. = A. cannabinum L. var. glaberrimum A. DC. psilostachya DC. var. lindheimeriana and Apocynum cannabinum L. var. (Scheele) Blank. pubescens (Mitchell ex R. Br.) Woods. Ambrosia trifida L. var. texana Scheele Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Nutt. Syn. Aquifoliaceae = Gutierrezia dracunculoides (DC.) Blake. Ilex decidua Walt. Antennaria neglecta Greene. Syn. = A. campestris Rydb. Araliaceae #Antennaria parlinii Fern. #Panax quinquefolius L. #Antennaria parlinii Fern. ssp. fallax (Greene) Bayer & Stebbins Aristolochiaceae Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards #Aristolochia serpentaria L. *Anthemis cotula L. Aristolochia tomentosa Sims Aphanostephus skirrhobasis (DC.) Trel. Asarum canadense L. Syn. = A. canadense L. *Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. var. acuminatum Ashe. Arnoglossum atriplicifolium (L.) H.E. Robins.

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Syn. = Cacalia atriplicifolia L. Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. glabrata Arnoglossum plantagineum Raf. Syn. = (Gray) Cronq. Cacalia plantaginea (Raf.) Shinners. Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet var. Arnoglossum reniforme (Hook.) H.E. Robins. grandiflora Syn. = Cacalia muehlenbergii (Schultz- #Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg ex Sweet var. Bip.) Fern. harveyana (Gray) Sherff *Artemisia annua L. Coreopsis lanceolata L. Syn. = C. lanceolata Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. ludoviciana. L. var. villosa Michx. Syn. = A. ludoviciana Nutt. var. Coreopsis palmata Nutt. gnaphalodes (Nutt.) Torr. & Gray Coreopsis pubescens Ell. var. pubescens Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. mexicana Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Wallis listed formas (Willd. ex Spreng.) Keck. Syn. = Artemisia tinctoria and atropurpurea (Hook) Fern. ludoviciana Nutt. var. mexicana (Willd. ex Coreopsis tripteris L. Syn. = C. tripteris L. var. Spreng.) Gray deamii Standl. Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) Nutt. *#Cosmos sulphureus Cav. #Baccharis halimifolia L. *#Crepis pulchra L. Berlandiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. var. pumila. Dracopis amplexicaulis (Vahl) Cass. Syn. = B. tomentosa Nutt. var. dealbata #Echinacea angustifolia DC. Torr. & Gray. #Echinacea atrorubens Nutt. Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britt. Syns. = B. Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt. polylepis Blake var. polylepis and B. Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench polylepis Blake var. retrorsa Sherff. Eclipta alba (L.) L. Bidens bipinnata L. Elephantopus carolinianus Raeusch. #Bidens cernua L. Erechtites hieraciifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. var. #Bidens discoidea (Torr. & Gray) Britt. hieraciifolia. Syns. = E. hieraciifolia (L.) Bidens frondosa L. Raf. ex DC. var. intermedia Fern. and E. Boltonia asteroides (L.) L'Hér. var. latisquama hieraciifolia (L.) Raf. ex DC. var. praealta (Gray) Cronq. Syn. = B. latisquama Gray. (Raf.) Fern. Boltonia diffusa Ell. var. interior Fern. & Grisc. Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Shinners var. Erigeron philadelphicus L. var. philadelphicus texana (Shinners) Shinners. Syn. = Erigeron pulchellus Michx. Kuhnia eupatoriodes L. var. ozarkana Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. var. beyrichii Shinners. (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Torr. & Gray ex Gray *Carduus nutans L. Erigeron strigosus Muhl. ex Willd. var. Centaurea americana Nutt. strigosus *Centaurea cyanus L. #Erigeron tenuis Torr. & Gray Chaetopappa asteroides Nutt. ex DC. Eupatorium altissimum L. Chrysopsis pilosa Nutt. Syn. = Heterotheca #Eupatorium hyssopifolium L. pilosa (Nutt.) Shinners Eupatorium perfoliatum L. *Cichorium intybus L. Eupatorium purpureum L. Cirsium altissimum (L.) Hill Eupatorium serotinum Michx. *Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten. #Eupatoriadelphus fistulosus (Barratt) King & #Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. H.E. Robins. Conoclinium coelestinum (L.) DC. Syn. = Eurybia hemispherica (Alexander) Nesom. Eupatorium coelestinum L. Syn. = Aster hemisphericus Alexander Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq. var. Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene. Syn. = canadensis Solidago gymnospermoides (Greene)Fern.

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Fleischmannia incarnata (Walt.) King & H.E. Hieracium gronovii L. Robins. Syn. = Eupatorium incarnatum Hieracium longipilum Torr. Walt. #Hieracium scabrum Michx. Gaillardia aestivalis (Walt.) H. Rock var. Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Hér. var. aestivalis. Syn. = G. fastigiata Greene. corymbosus (Torr. & Gray) B.L. Turner Gaillardia aestivalis (Walt.) H. Rock var. Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Hér. var. flavovirens (C. Mohr) Cronq. Syn. = G. scabiosaeus lutea Greene. Ionactis linariifolius (L.) Greene. Syn. = Aster #Gaillardia suavis (Gray & Engelm.) Britt. & linariifolius L. Rusby Iva angustifolia Nutt. ex DC. *Galinsoga parviflora Cay. Iva annua L. var. annua. Syn. = I. ciliata Willd. *#Galinsoga quadriradiata Cav. Krigia biflora (Walt.) Blake. Wallis listed formas Gamochaeta purpurea (L.) Cabrera. Syn. = biflora and glandulifera Fern. Gnaphalium purpureum L. Krigia dandelion (L.) Nutt. Grindelia lanceolata Nutt. var. lanceolata. Krigia caespitosa (Raf.) Chambers. Syn. = Wallis listed forma lanceolata. Serinia oppositifolia (Rat.) Kuntze Grindelia papposa Nesom & Suh. Syn. = Krigia occidentalis Nutt. Haplopappus ciliatus (Nutt.) DC. Krigia virginica (L.) Willd. Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock Lactuca canadensis L. Syn. = L. canadensis Helenium autumnale L. var. canadensis (Wallis listed formas Helenium flexuosum Raf. angustata Wieg. and canadensis), L. Helianthus angustifolius L. canadensis L. var. latifolia Kuntze (Wallis Helianthus annuus L. listed formas latifolia and exauriculata #Helianthus decapetalus L. Wieg.), L. canadensis L. var. longifolia #Helianthus divaricatus L. (Michx.) Farw., and L. canadensis L. var. Helianthus ×doronicoides Lam. (pro sp.) obovata Wieg. (Wallis listed forma [giganteus × mollis]. Syn. = H. stenopoda Wieg.). doronicoides Lam. Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. Helianthus grosseserratus Martens Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell. Wallis Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Syns. = H. hirsutus listed formas campestris (Greene) Fern. Raf. var. stenophyllus Torr. & Gray and H. and ludoviciana. hirsutus Raf. var. trachyphyllus Torr. & *Lactuca serriola L. Syn. = L. scariola L. Gray. Wallis listed formas integrifolia (Bogenh.) #Helianthus ×laetiflorus Pers. (pro sp.) G. Beck and scariola. [pauciflorus × tuberosus] #Lactuca tatarica (L.) C.A. Mey. var. pulchella Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. (Pursh) Breitung Helianthus mollis Lam. *Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. Syn. = #Helianthus nuttallii Torr. & Gray Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. var. #Helianthus laetiflorus Pers. var. rigidus pinnatifidum Lecoq & Lamotte. (Cass.) Fern. Liatris aspera Michx. var. aspera. Wallis listed Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. formas aspera and benkii (Macbr.) Fern. Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. Liatris aspera Michx. var. intermedia (Lunell) Helianthus tuberosus L. Gaiser Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet var. scabra #Liatris punctata Hook. (Dunal) Fern. #Liatris punctata Hook. var. nebraskana Gaiser Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby. Liatris pycnostachya Michx. Wallis listed forma Syn. = H. latifolia Buckl. pycnostachya.

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Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. var. hirsuta Silphium perfoliatum L. (Rydb.) Gaiser Silphium radula Nutt. Syn. = S. asperrimum #Liatris squarrosa (L.) Michx. var. glabrata Hook. (Rydb.) Gaiser Smallanthus uvedalius (L.) Mackenzie ex #Liatris squarrulosa Michx. Small. Syn. = Polymnia Uvedalia L. var. *#Matricaria discoidea DC. densipilis Blake Oligoneuron nitidum (Torr. & Gray) Small. Syn. Solidago altissima L. = Solidago nitida Torr. & Gray. #Solidago arguta Ait. var. boottii (Hook.) #Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small Palmer & Steyermark Packera aurea (L.) A.& D. Löve. Syn. = Solidago caesia L. Senecio aureus L. Solidago canadensis L. var. gilvocanescens Packera glabella (Poir.) C. Jeffrey. Syn. = Rydb. Senecio glabellus Poir. Solidago gigantea Ait. Syn. = S. gigantea Ait. Packera obovata (Muhl. ex Willd.) W.A. Weber var. leiophylla Fern. & A. Löve. Syn. = Senecio obovatus Muhl Solidago hispida Muhl. ex Willd. var. rotundus Britt. Solidago ludoviciana (Gray) Small Packera plattensis (Nutt.) W.A. Weber & A. Solidago missouriensis Nutt. var. fasciculata Löve. Syn. = Senecio plattensis Nutt. Holz. *#Parthenium hysterophorus L. Solidago nemoralis Ait. var. longipetiolata Parthenium integrifolium L. (Mackenzie & Bush) Palmer & Steyermark. Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. Syn. = S. nemoralis Ait. var. decemflora #Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass. var. odorata (DC.) Fern. Polymnia canadensis L. Wallis listed forma Solidago nemoralis Ait. var. nemoralis. Syn. = radiata (Gray) Fassett. S. nemoralis Ait. var. haleana Fern. Prenanthes aspera Michx. #Solidago odora Ait. #Prenanthes altissima L. Solidago petiolaris Ait. var. angusta (Torr. & Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium (L.) Hilliard & Gray) Gray. Syns. = S. lindheimeriana Burtt ssp. obtusifolium. Syn. = Scheele and S. petiolaris Ait. var. wardii Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. (Britt.) Fern. Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walt.) DC. Solidago radula Nutt. var. radula #Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus (Nutt.) Nutt. Solidago rugosa P. Mill. ssp. aspera (Ait.) #Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus (D. Don) DC. Cronq. Syn. = S. rugosa Mill. var. Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. celtidifolia (Small) Fern. Wallis listed formas columnifera and Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. speciosa pulcherrima (DC.) Fern. #Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. rigidiuscula Torr. Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnh. & Gray Rudbeckia grandiflora (D. Don) J.F. Gmel. ex Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. var. ulmifolia DC. Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. ex Willd. var. Rudbeckia hirta L. var. pulcherrima Farw. microphylla Gray. Syn. = S. delicatula Rudbeckia laciniata L. var. laciniata Small. Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh *Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Wallis listed forma Rudbeckia triloba L. var. triloba glandulosus Beckh. #Silphium asteriscus L. Symphyotrichum anomalum (Engelm.) Nesom. #Silphium integrifolium Michx. var. integrifolium Syn. = Aster anomalus Engelm. Silphium integrifolium Michx. var. laeve Torr. & Symphyotrichum cordifolium (L.) Nesom. Syn. Gray. Syn. = S. speciosum Nutt. = Aster sagittifolius Wedemeyer ex Willd. Silphium laciniatum L. var. laciniatum var. sagittifolius.

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Symphyotrichum divaricatum (Nutt.) Nesom. #Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. Syn. = Aster exilis Ell. f. ex Gray Symphyotrichum drummondii (Lindl.) Nesom Verbesina helianthoides Michx. var. drummondii. Syn. = Aster sagittifolius Verbesina virginica L. Wedemeyer ex Willd. var. drummondii Vernonia arkansana DC. Syn. = V. crinita Raf. (Lindl.) Shinners. Vernonia baldwinii Torr. ssp. baldwinii Symphyotrichum ericoides (L.) Nesom var. Vernonia gigantea (Walt.) Trel. ssp. gigantea. ericoides. Syn. = Aster ericoides L. Syn. = V. altissima Nutt. Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) A.& D. Löve var. Vernonia missurica Raf. laeve. Syn. = Aster laevis L. Xanthium strumarium L. var. canadense (P. #Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) Nesom Mill.) Torr. & Gray. Syns. = X. italicum Symphyotrichum novae-angliae (L.) Nesom. Mor., X. pensylvanicum Wallr., and X. Syn. = Aster novae-angliae L. speciosum Kearney. Symphyotrichum oblongifolium (Nutt.) Nesom. Xanthium strumarium L. var. glabratum (DC.) Syn. = Aster oblongifolius Nutt. Cronq. Syn. = X. chinense Mill. Symphyotrichum ontarionis (Wieg.) Nesom. Syn. = Aster ontarionis Wieg. Balsaminaceae Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) Impatiens capensis Neerb. Nesom var. oolentangiense. Syn. = Aster Impatiens pallida Nutt. azureus Lindl. var. azureus. Symphyotrichum oolentangiense (Riddell) Berberidaceae Nesom var. poaceum (Burgess) Nesom. Podophyllum peltatum L. Syn. = Aster azureus Lindl. var. poaceus (Burgess) Fern. Betulaceae (=Corylaceae) Symphyotrichum patens (Ait.) Nesom var. Alnus serrulata (Alt.) Willd. Syn. = A. serrulata gracile (Hook.) Nesom. Syn. = Aster (Alt.) Willd. var. vulgaris Spach. patens Ait. var. gracilis Hook. Betula nigra L. Symphyotrichum patens (Ait.) Nesom var. Corylus americana Walt. var. americana. patens. Syn. = Aster patens Ait. var. Wallis listed forma americana. patens. Ostrya virginiana (P. Mill.) K. Koch var. Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) Nesom. Syn. virginiana. Syn. = Ostrya virginiana (P. = Aster pilosus Willd. Mill.) K. Koch var. lasia Fern. Wallis listed Symphyotrichum praealtum (Poir.) Nesom var. forma glandulosa (Spach) Macbr. praealtum. Syn. = Aster praealtus Poir. var. praealtus. Bignoniaceae #Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) Nesom. Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. Symphyotrichum turbinellum (Lindl.) Nesom. Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Syn. = Aster turbinellus Lindl. Catalpa speciosa (Warder) Warder ex Engelm. *#Tanacetum vulgare L. *Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers Boraginaceae ssp. officinale *Buglossoides arvensis (L.) I.M. Johnston. #Thelesperma ambiguum Gray Syn. = Lithospermum arvense L. *Tragopogon dubius Scop. Syn. = T. major #Cynoglossum virginianum L. Jacq. Hackelia virginiana (L.) I.M. Johnston Verbesina alternifolia (L.) Britt. ex Kearney. Heliotropium convolvulaceum (Nutt.) Gray Syn. = Actinomeris alternifolia (L.) DC. *Heliotropium indicum L. Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torr.

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Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. Armoracia aquatica (Eat.) Wieg. Lithospermum caroliniense (Walt. ex J.F. Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. ssp. fernaldiana Gmel.) MacM. (Butters & Abbe) Jonsell. Syn. = R. Lithospermum incisum Lehm. islandica (Oeder) Borbas var. fernaldia Myosotis macrosperma Engelm. Butters & Abbe. Myosotis verna Nutt. Rorippa palustris (L.) Bess. ssp. hispida Onosmodium bejariense DC. ex A. DC. var. (Desv.) Jonsell. Syn. = R. islandica occidentale (Mackenzie) B.L. Turner. Syn. (Oeder) Borbas var. hispida (Desv.) = O. occidentale Mackenzie. Butters & Abbe. Onosmodium bejariense DC. ex A. DC. var. Rorippa teres (Michx.) R. Stuckey. Syn. = R. subsetosum (Mackenzie & Bush) B.L. obtusa (Nutt.) Britt. Turner. Syn. = O. subsetosum Mackenzie Rorippa sessiliflora (Nutt.) A.S. Hitchc. & Bush. Selenia aurea Nutt. Sibara virginica (L.) Rollins Brassicaceae *Sinapis arvensis L. Syn. = Brassica kaber *#Alliaria petiolata (Bieb.) Cavara & Grande (DC.) L.C. Wheeler var. pinnatifida Arabis canadensis L. (Stokes) L.C. Wheeler. Arabis laevigata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Poir. *#Sisymbrium altissimum L. Arabis missouriensis Greene *Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Syn. = S. Arabis shortii (Fern.) Gleason. Syn. = A. officinale (L.) Scop. var. leiocarpum DC. perstellata E.L. Br. var. shortii Fern. Streptanthus maculatus Nutt. *Barbarea vulgaris Ait. f. *Thlaspi arvense L. *Brassica napus L. *Brassica rapa L. Cabombaceae *Camelina microcarpa Andrz. ex DC. #Brasenia schreberi J.F. Gmel. *Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Cardamine bulbosa (Schreb. ex Muhl.) B.S.P. Cactaceae Cardamine parviflora L. var. arenicola (Britt) #Opuntia humifusa (Raf.) Raf. O.E. Shultz Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm. Cardamine pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. Cardamine concatenata (Michx.) Sw. Syn. = Callitrichaceae Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Callitriche heterophylla Pursh Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britt. ssp. Callitriche terrestris Raf. brachycarpa (Richards.) Detling Draba aprica Beadle Campanulaceae Draba brachycarpa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray Campanulastrum americanum (L.) Small. Syn. Draba cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray var. = Campanula americana L. var. illinoensis cuneifolia (Fresn.) Farw. #Draba reptans (Lam.) Fern. Lobelia appendiculata A. DC. Iodanthus pinnatifidus (Michx.). Steud. #Lobelia puberula Michx. Lepidium campestre (L.) Ait. f. Lobelia cardinalis L. Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. Lobelia inflata L. Lepidium virginicum L. var. virginicum Lobelia siphilitica L. var. ludoviciana A. DC. Lesquerella gracilis (Hook.) S. Wats. var. Lobelia spicata Lam. var. spicata gracilis Lobelia spicata Lam. var. leptostachys (A. DC.) *Nasturtium officinale Ait. f. Mackenzie & Bush Neobeckia aquatica (Eat.) Greene. Syn. = Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Greene. Syn.

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= Specularia biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Fisch. *#Cerastium pumilum W. Curtis & C.A. Mey. *Dianthus armeria L. Triodanis lamprosperma McVaugh. Syn. = Minuartia drummondii (Shinners) McNeill. Syn. Specularia lamprosperma (McVaugh) Fern. = Stellaria nuttallii Torr. & Gray. Triodanis leptocarpa (Nutt.) Nieuwl. Syn. = #Minuartia michauxii (Fenzl) Farw. var. texana Specularia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Gray (B.L. Robins.) Mattf. Triodanis perfoliata (L.) Nieuwl. Syn. = Minuartia muscorum (Fassett) Rabeler. Syn. = Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. Stellaria muscorum Fassett. Minuartia patula (Michx.) Mattf. Syn. = Cannabinaceae Arenaria patula Michx. Wallis listed formas *Humulus lupulus L. media Steyerm. pitcheri (Nutt.) Steyerm. and robusta Steyerm. Capparidaceae Paronychia canadensis (L.) Wood *#Cleome hassleriana Chod. Paronychia fastigiata (Raf.) Fern. var. fastigiata #Cleome serrulata Pursh *#Petrorhagia dubia (Raf.) G. López & Romo #Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. ssp. *Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P.W. Ball & dodecandra Heywood. Syn. = Dianthus prolifer L. Polanisia dodecandra (L.) DC. ssp. Sagina decumbens (Ell.) Torr. & Gray trachysperma (Torr. & Gray) Iltis *Saponaria officinalis L. *#Scleranthus annuus L. Caprifoliaceae Silene antirrhina L. Lonicera flava Sims Silene regia Sims *Lonicera japonica Thunb. Silene stellata (L.) Ait. f. Wallis listed forma #Lonicera sempervirens L. scabrella (Niewl.) Palm. & Steyerm. Sambucus nigra L. ssp. canadensis (L.) R. Silene virginica L. Bolli. Syn. = S. canadensis L. var. *Stellaria media (L.) Vill. canadensis and S. canadensis L. var. submollis Rehd. Celastraceae Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench. #Celastrus scandens L. # Triosteum aurantiacum Bickn. Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. Triosteum perfoliatum L. #Viburnum molle Michx. Ceratophyllaceae #Viburnum rafinesquianum J.A. Schultes Ceratophyllum demersum L. Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Chenopodiaceae Caryophyllaceae Chenopodium album L. Agrostemma githago L. *Chenopodium ambrosioides L. var. *Arenaria serpyllifolia L. ambrosioides Cerastium brachypodum (Engelm. ex Gray) #Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. B.L. Robins. Chenopodium leptophyllum (Moq.) Nutt. ex S. #Cerastium brachypetalum Desportes ex Pers. Wats. *Cerastium fontanum Baumg. ssp. vulgare *Chenopodium pumilio R. Br. (Hartman) Greuter & Burdet. Syn. = C. Chenopodium simplex (Torr.) Raf. Syn. = C. vulgatum L. hybridum L. var. gigantospermum (Aellen) *Cerastium glomeratum Thuill. Syn. = C. Rouleau. viscosum auct. non L. Chenopodium standleyanum Aellen Cerastium nutans Raf. Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult.

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Monolepis nuttalliana (J.A. Schultes) Greene Crassulaceae Sedum nuttallianum Raf. Cistaceae Sedum pulchellum Michx. Lechea mucronata Raf. Syn. = L. villosa Ell. *#Sedum sarmentosum Bunge Lechea tenuifolia Michx. Syn. = Lechea tenuifolia Michx.var. occidentalis Hodgdon. Cucurbitaceae #Cayaponia grandifolia (Torr. & Gray) Small Clusiaceae (= Guttiferae) Cucurbita foetidissima Kunth Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz ssp. Melothria pendula L. hypericoides. Syn. = Ascyrum Sicyos angulatus L. hypericoides L. var. hypericoides. Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz ssp. Cuscutaceae multicaule (Michx. ex Willd.) Robson. Syn. Cuscuta compacta Juss. ex Choisy = Ascyrum hypericoides L. var. multicaule Cuscuta cuspidata Engelm. (Michx.) Fern. Cuscuta glomerata Choisy Hypericum drummondii (Grev. & Hook.) Torr. & Cuscuta gronovii Willd. ex J.A. Schultes Gray #Cuscuta indecora Choisy Hypericum gentianoides (L.) B.S.P. #Cuscuta obtusiflora Kunth Hypericum multilum L. Syn. = H. multilum L. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. var. pentagona. var. parviflorum (Willd.) Fern. Syn. = C. campestris Yuncker. *Hypericum perforatum L. Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. var. glabrior Hypericum pseudomaculatum Bush (Engelm.) Gandhi, Thomas & Hatch. Syn. Hypericum prolificum L. Syn. = H. = C. glabrior (Engelm.) Yuncker. spathulatum (Spach.) Steud. #Cuscuta polygonorum Engelm. Hypericum punctatum Lam. Hypericum sphaerocarpum Michx. Dipsacaceae *Dipsacus fullonum L. Syn. = Dipsacus Convolvulaceae sylvestris Huds. *Calystegia sepium (L.) R. Br. ssp. sepium *Convolvulus arvensis L. Syn. = C. arvensis Droseraceae L. var. fraterniflorus Mack. & Bush. #Drosera brevifolia Pursh *#Ipomoea coccinea L. #Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey. Ebenaceae *#Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth Diospyros virginiana L. Syn. = D. virginiana L. #Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb. ssp. var. pubescens (Pursh) Dippel. fraterniflora (Mackenzie & Bush) Brummitt *Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. Syn. = I. Elaeagnaceae hederacea (L.) Jacq. var. integriuseula *#Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Gray. Ipomoea lacunosa L. Ericaceae Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey. Rhododendron canescens (Michx.) Sweet #Rhododendron oblongifolium (Small) Millais Cornaceae #Rhododendron prinophyllum (Small) Millais Cornus drummondi C.A. Meyer Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Syn. = Vaccinium Cornus florida L. arboreum Marsh. var. glaucescens Cornus obliqua Raf. (Greene) Sarg. Vaccinium pallidum Ait. Syn. = V. vacillans

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Torr. var. crinitum Fern. Euphorbia heterophylla L. Vacciniun stamineum L. Syn. = V. stamineum Euphorbia hexagona Nutt. ex Spreng. L. var. interius (Ashe) Palmer & Steyerm. Euphorbia marginata Pursh and V. stamineum L. var. neglectum Euphorbia pubentissima Michx. Syn. = E. (Small) Deam) corollata L. var. mollis Millap. #Vaccinium virgatum Ait. Euphorbia spathulata Lam. Syn. = E. dictyosperma Fisch. & C.A. Mey. Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia obtusata (Pursh) Small Acalypha gracilens Gray. Syn. = A. gracilens Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt. Gray var. fraseri (Muell.-Arg. Weatherby Stillingia sylvatica L. Acalypha monococca (Engelm. ex Gray) L. Tragia betonicifolia Nutt. Syn. = T. urticifolia Mill. & Gandhi. Syn. = A. gracilens Gray Michx. var. monococca Engelm. ex Gray. #Tragia urticifolia Michx. Acalypha ostryifolia Riddell Tragia ramosa Torr. Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. Acalypha virginica L. Fabaceae (=Leguminosae) Argythamnia mercurialina (Nutt.) Muell.-Arg. Acacia angustissima (P. Mill.) Kuntze var. hirta var. mercurialina. Syn. = Ditaxis (Nutt.) B.L. Robins. mercurialina (Nutt.) Coult. *#Albizia julibrissin Durazz. Chamaesyce humistrata (Engelm. ex Gray) Amorpha canescens Pursh Small. Syn. = Euphorbia humistrata Amorpha fruticosa L. Syn. = A. fruticosa L. var. Engelm. ex Gray. angustifolia Pursh, A. fruticosa L. var. Chamaesyce maculata (L.) Small. Syn. = oblongifolia Palmer and A. fruticosa L. var. Euphorbia maculata L. and Euphorbia tennesseensis (Shuttlew.) Palmer. supina Raf. #Amorpha laevigata Nutt. Chamaesyce missurica (Raf.) Shinners. Syn. Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. var. = Euphorbia missurica Raf. bracteata #Chamaesyce nutans (Lag.) Small Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fern. var. comosa Chamaesyce prostrata (Ait.) Small. Syn. = (L.) Fern. Euphorbia chamaesyce auct. non L. Apios americana Medik. Syn. = A. americana Chamaesyce serpens (Kunth) Small. Syn. = Medik. var. turrigera Fern. Euphorbia serpens Kunth. Astragalus canadensis L. Croton capitatus Michx. var. capitatus. Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. var. trichocalyx Croton glandulosus L. var. septentrionalis (Nutt.) Barneby Muell.-Arg. Astragalus distortus Torr. & Gray Croton lindheimerianus Scheele #Astragalus nuttallianus DC. #Croton michauxii G.L. Webster Baptisia alba (L.) Vent. var. macrophylla Croton monanthogynus Michx. (Larisey) Isely. Syn. = Baptisia leucantha Croton willdenowii G.L. Webster. Syn. = Torr. & Gray var. leucantha. Crotonopsis elliptica Willd. Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. ex Ait. f. var. minor Euphorbia corollata L. var. paniculata (Ell.) (Lehm.) Fern. Boiss. #Baptisia bracteata Muhl. ex Ell. var. Euphorbia cyathophora Murr. Syn. = E. leucophaea (Nutt.) Kartesz & Gandhi heterophylla L. var. graminifolia (Michx.) Cercis canadensis L. var. canadensis. Wallis Engelm. listed formas canadensis and glabrifolia Euphorbia dentata Michx. Wallis listed formas Fern. cuphosperma (Engelm.) Fern. and dentata. Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene var.

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fasciculata. Syn. = Cassia fasiculata Lathyrus pusillus Ell. Michx. var. robusta (Pollard) Macbr. Lespedeza capitata Michx. Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench ssp. Lespedeza cuneata (Dum.-Cours.) G. Don nictitans var. nictitans. Syn. = Cassia #Lespedeza frutescens (L.) Hornem. nictitans L. Lespedeza hirta (L.) Hornem. Cladrastis kentukea (Dum.-Cours.) Rudd. Lespedeza procumbens Michx. Clitoria mariana L. Lespedeza repens (L.) W. Bart. Crotalaria sagittalis L. Lespedeza stuevei Nutt. Dalea candida Michx. ex Willd. var. candida *#Lespedeza thunbergii (DC.)Nakai Dalea lanata Spreng Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. #Dalea multiflora (Nutt.) Shinners Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britt. Dalea purpurea Vent. Lotus unifoliolatus (Hook.) Benth. var. Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. ex B.L. unifoliolatus. Syn. = L. americanus (Mitt.) Robins. & Fern. Bisch. non Vell. Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. *Medicago lupulina L. Desmodium canescens (L.) DC. *Medicago sativa L. Desmodium ciliare (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. *Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Syn. = M. alba Desmodium cuspidatum (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. Medikus. ex Loud. Mimosa nuttallii (DC.) B.L. Turner. Syn. = Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex Willd.) Wood Schrankia nuttallii (DC.) Standl. #Desmodium illinoense Gray Neptunia lutea (Leavenworth) Benth. Desmodium laevigatum (Nutt.) DC. Orbexilum pedunculatum (P. Mill.) Rydb. var. Desmodium marilandicum (L.) DC. pedunculatum. Syn. = Psoralea Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. Wallis lists psoralioides (Walt.) Cory var. eglandulosa formas foliolatum (Farwell) Fassett, (Ell.) Freeman. nudiflorum, and personatum Fassett. #Orbexilum simplex (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) #Desmodium nuttallii (Schindl.) Schub. Rydb. Desmodium obtusum (Muhl. ex Willd.) DC. #Pediomelum linearifolium (Torr. & Gray) J. Syn. = Desmodlum rigidum (Ell.) DC. Grimes Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. var. Phaseolus polystachios (L.) B.S.P. paniculatum Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. Syn. = Desmodium pauciflorum (Nutt.) DC. P. tenuiflora Pursh var. floribunda (Nutt.) Desmodium perplexum Schub. Syn. = Rydb. Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. var. *#Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. dillenii (Darl.) Isely. Rhynchosia latifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray Desmodium rotundifolium DC. #Robinia hispida L. Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr.) Torr. & Gray Robinia pseudo-acacia L. #Desmodium viridiflorum (L.) DC. Senna marilandica (L.) Link. Syn. = Cassia Galactia volubilis (L.) Britt. Syn. = G. volubilis marilandica L. (L.) Britt. var. mississippiensis Vail. Sesbania herbacea (P. Mill.) McVaugh. Syn. = Gleditsia triacanthos L. S. exaltata Raf. Gymnocladus dioicus (L.) K. Koch Strophostyles helvula (L.) Elliot #Indigofera miniata Ortega Strophostyles leiosperma (Torr. & Gray) Piper *Kummerowia stipulacea (Maxim.) Makino Strophostyles umbellata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Britt. *Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl. Stylosanthes biflora (L.) B.S.P. Syn. = S. *#Lathyrus hirsutus L. biflora (L.) B.S.P. var. hispidissima (Michx.) *Lathyrus latifolius L. Pollard & Ball.

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Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. Syn. = T. Quercus stellata Wangenh. virginiana (L.) Pers. var. holosericea (Nutt.) Quercus velutina Lam. Wallis listed formas Torr. & Gray. dilaniata Thel., macrophylla (Dippel) Trel., *Trifolium arvense L. and missouriensis (Sarg.) Trel. Trifolium carolinianum Michx. *Trifolium dubium Sibthorp Fumariaceae *Trifolium hybridum L. #Corydalis curvisiliqua Engelm. ssp. *Trifolium incarnatum L. occidentalis (Engelm. ex Gray) W.A. *Trifolium pratense L. Weber Trifolium campestre Schreb. Syn. = T. Corydalis crystallina Engelm. procumbens L. Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. Trifolium reflexum L. Corydalis micrantha (Engelm. ex Gray) Gray *Trifolium repens L. Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. *Trifolium resupinatum L. Vicia caroliniana Walt. Gentianaceae Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. leavenworthii (Torr. #Gentiana alba Muhl. ex Nutt. & Gray) Lassetter & Gunn. Syn. = V. #Gentiana puberulenta J. Pringle leavenworthii Torr. & Gray var. Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh leavenworthii. Sabatia campestris Nutt. Wallis listed formas #Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. ssp. ludoviciana albiflora D. M. Moore and campestris. Vicia minutiflora F.G. Dietr. *Vicia sativa L. ssp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. Syn. = V. Geraniaceae angustifolia L. var. segetalis (Thuill.) *Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Hér. ex Ait. W.D.J. Koch. Geranium carolinianum L. *Vicia villosa Roth #Geranium carolinianum L. var. sphaerospermum (Fern.) Breitung Fagaceae Geranium maculatum L. Castanea pumila (L.) P. Mill. var. ozarkensis *#Geranium molle L. (Ashe) Tucker. Syn. = C. ozarkensis Ashe. *Geranium pusillum L. Quercus alba L. Wallis listed formas alba, latiloba (Sarg,) Palmer & Steyerm. and Grossulariaceae viridis Trel. #Ribes missouriense Nutt. #Quercus buckleyi Nixon & Dorr Quercus falcata Michx. var. falcata Haloragaceae Quercus lyrata Walt. *Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc. Syn. = Quercus macrocarpa Michx. M. brasiliense Camb. Quercus marilandica (L.) Muenchh. Myriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. Wallis lists Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) B.S.P. forma alexanderi (Britt.) Trel. Quercus nigra L. var. nigra Hamamelidaceae Quercus palustris Muenchh. Hamamelis vernalis Sarg. Syn. = H. vernalis Quercus rubra L. var. ambigua (Gray) Fern. Sarg. var. tomentella (Rehd.) Palmer. Syn. = Q. rubra L. var. borealis (Michx. f.) Farw. Hippocastanaceae Quercus rubra L. var. rubra Aesculus glabra Willd. var. glabra. Syn. = A. Quercus shumardii Buckl. var. schneckii (Britt.) glabra Willd. var. sargentii Rehd. Sarg.

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Hydrangeaceae albiflorum D. M. Moore and amplexicaule. Hydrangea arborescens L. var. arborescens. *Lamium purpureum L. Syn. = H. arborescens L. var. oblonga Torr. *Leonurus cardiaca L. & Gray *Leonurus sibiricus L. Hydrangea cinerea Small. Syn. = H. Lycopus americanus Muhl. ex W. Bart. Syn. = arborescens L. var. deamii St. John. L. americanus Muhl. var. scabrifolius Fern. Philadelphus pubescens Loisel. Lycopus rubellus Moench. Syn. = L. rubellus Moench. var. arkansanus (Fresn.) Benner. Hydrocharitaceae Lycopus uniflorus Michx. *#Egeria densa Planch. *Marrubium vulgare L. #Elodea canadensis Michx. *Melissa officinalis L. * Mentha ×piperita L. (pro sp.) [aquatica × Hydrophyllaceae spicata]. Syn. = Mentha piperita L. Ellisia nyctelea (L.)L. *Mentha spicata L. Hydrolea ovata Nutt. ex Choisy #Monarda bradburiana Beck Hydrophyllum virginianum L. Monarda citriodora Cerv. ex Lag. Nemophila phacelioides Nutt. Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa #Phacelia gilioides Brand #Monarda fistulosa L. ssp. fistulosa var. mollis Phacelia hirsuta Nutt. (L.) Benth. Phacelia strictiflora (Engelm. & Gray) Gray var. Monarda punctata L. ssp. punctata var. robbinsii Constance villicaulis (Pennell) Palmer & Steyermark. Syn. = M. punctata L. var. villicaulis Juglandaceae (Pennell) Shinners Carya alba (L.) Nutt. ex Ell. Syn. = Carya Monarda russeliana Nutt. ex Sims. Syn. = M. tomentosa (Lam. ex Poir.) Nutt. virgata Raf. Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. Koch *Nepeta cataria L. #Carya glabra (P. Mill.) Sweet *Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch Physostegia angustifolia Fern. #Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) G. Don #Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. Carya ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. Syn. = Carya Prunella vulgaris L. Syn. = P. caroliniana Mill. ovalis (Wangenh.) Sarg. var. obcordata #Prunella vulgaris L. var. lanceolata (W. Bart.) (Muhl. & Willd.) Sarg. Fern. Carya ovata (P. Mill.) K. Koch Pycnanthemum albescens Torr. & Gray Carya texana Buckl. Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Schrad. Juglans nigra L. Pycnanthemum verticillatum (Michx.) Pers. var. pilosum (Nutt.) Cooperrider. Syn. = P. Lamiaceae (= Labiatae) pilosum Nutt. Agastache nepetoides (L.) Kuntze Salvia azurea Michx. ex Lam. var. grandiflora #Blephilia ciliata (L.) Benth. Benth. Clinopodium arkansanum (Nutt.) House. Syn. Salvia lyrata L. = Satureja arkansana (Nutt.) Briq. Scutellaria elliptica Muhl. ex Spreng. Cunila origanoides (L.) Britt. Scutellaria incana Biehler *Glechoma hederacea L. Syn. = G. hederacea Scutellaria lateriflora L. L. var. micrantha Moricand. Scutellaria ovata Hill ssp. bracteata (Benth.) Hedeoma hispida Pursh Epling Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers. Scutellaria ovata Hill ssp. ovata *Lamium amplexicaule L. Wallis listed formas Scutellaria parvula Michx. var. parvula

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#Scutellaria parvula Michx. var. australis Callirhoe alcaeoides (Michx.) Gray Fassett Callirhoe bushii Fern. Stachys tenuifolia Willd. Callirhoe digitata Nutt. var. digitata Teucrium canadense L. var. canadense. Syn. Callirhoe involucrata (Torr. and Gray) Gray var. = T. canadense L. var. virginicum (L.) Eat. involucrata Trichostema brachiatum L. #Callirhoe leiocarpa R.F. Martin Hibiscus laevis All. Syn. = H. militaris Cav. Lauraceae Hibiscus lasiocarpos Cav. Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume var. benzoin #Hibiscus moscheutos L. Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume var. pubescens *#Hibiscus syriacus L. (Palmer & Steyerm.) *#Hibiscus trionum L. Rehd. *Malva neglecta Wallr. Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees. Syn. = S. Malvastrum hispidum (Pursh) Hochr. Syn. = albidum (Nutt.) Nees var. molle (Raf.) Fern. Sidopsis hispida (Pursh) Rydb. Sida spinosa L. Lentibulariaceae Utricularia gibba L. Syn. = U. biflora Lam. Melastomataceae Rhexia mariana L. var. interior (Pennell) Kral & Linaceae Bostick. Syn. = R. interior Pennell #Linum berlandieri Hook. var. berlandieri Hook. var. berlandieri Menispermaceae Linum medium (Planch.) Britt. var. texanum Calycocarpum lyoni (Pursh) Gray (Planch.) Fern. Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. Linum pratense (J.B.S. Norton) Small. Syn. = Menispermum canadense L. L. lewisii Pursh var. pratense J.B.S. Norton Linum sulcatum Riddell Molluginaceae Glinus lotoides L. Loasaceae Mollugo verticillata L. Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. ex Sims. Monotropaceae Loganiaceae #Monotropa hypopithys L. Polypremum procumbens L. #Monotropa uniflora L.

Lythraceae Moraceae Ammannia auriculata Willd. Maclura pomifera (Raf.) Schneider Ammannia coccinea Rothb. *Morus alba L. Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. Syn. = C. petiolata Morus rubra L. Koehne. Lythrum alatum Pursh Nelumbonaceae Lythrum alatum Pursh var. lanceolatum (Ell.) Nelumbo lutea Willd. Torr. & Gray ex Rothrock. Syn. = L. lanceolatum Ell. Nyctaginaceae Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne. Syn. = R. Mirabilis albida (Walt.) Heimerl ramosior (L.) Koehne var. interior Fern. & Mirabilis linearis (Pursh) Heimerl Grisc. *Mirabilis jalapa L. Malvaceae Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM. *Abutilon theophrasti Medik.

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Nymphaeaceae ex S. Wats.) W. Dietr. Syn. = O. biennis L. Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. ssp. advena (Ait.) var. hirsutissima Gray. Kartesz & Gandhi. Syn. = N. advena (Ait.) Oenothera fruticosa L. ssp. fruticosa Alt. f. #Oenothera grandis (Britt.) Smyth Nymphaea odorata Ait. ssp. tuberosa (Paine) Oenothera laciniata Hill Wiersma & Hellquist. Syn. = N. tuberosa Oenothera linifolia Nutt. Ait. #Oenothera spachiana Torr. & Gray Nyssaceae #Oenothera speciosa Nutt. Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Syn. = N. sylvatica Oenothera villosa Thunb. ssp. villosa. Syn. = Marsh. var. dilatata Fern. O. biennis L. var. canescens Torr. & Gray. Oenothera triloba Nutt. Oleaceae #Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir. Orobanchaceae Fraxinus americana L. Orobanche uniflora L. Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Syn. = Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. var. Oxalidaceae subintegerrima (Vahl) Fern. Oxalis corniculata L. Syn. = O. corniculata L. Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. var. langloisii (Small) Wieg. *Ligustrum sinense Lour. #Oxalis dillenii Jacq. *Oxalis stricta L. Syns. = O. europaea Jord. Onagraceae var. bushii (Small) Wieg. and O. europaea #Calylophus serrulatus (Nutt.) Raven Jord. var. europaea. Wallis listed formas Circaea lutetiana L. ssp. canadensis (L.) europaea, pilosella Wieg., and villicaulis Aschers. & Magnus. Syn. = C. Wieg. quadrisulcata (Maxim.) Franch. & Savigny Oxalis violacea L. Syn. = O. violacea L. var. ssp. canadensis (L.) A.& D. Löve. tricnophora Fasaett. . #Gaura biennis L. Gaura longiflora Spach. Syn. = G. biennis L. Papaveraceae var. pitcheri Torr. & Gray. Argemone polyanthemos (Fedde) G.B. Gaura mollis James. Syn. = G. parviflora Ownbey. Syn. = A. intermedia auct. non Dougl. ex Lehm. var. parviflora. Wallis Sweet. listed forma parviflora. *#Papaver dubium L. Ludwigia alternifolia L. Syn. = Ludwigia Sanguinaria canadensis L. Syn. = S. alternifolia L. var. pubescens Palmer & canadensis L. var. rotundifolia (Greene) Steyermark. Fedde. Ludwigia decurrens Walt. Syn. = Jussiaea decurrens (Walt.) DC. Passifloraceae Ludwigia glandulosa Walt. ssp. glandulosa Passiflora incarnata L. Wallis listed formas Ludwigia palustris (L.) Ell. Syn. = L. palustris alba Waterfall and incarnata. (L.) Ell. var. americana (DC.) Fern. & Grisc. Passiflora lutea L. Syn. = P. lutea L. var. Ludwigia peploides (Kunth) Raven ssp. glabriflora Fern. glabrescens (Kuntze) Raven. Syn. = Jussiaea repens L. var. glabrescens Phytolaccaceae Kuntze. Phytolacca americana L. #Ludwigia repens J.R. Forst. Rivina humilis L. Oenothera biennis L. var. biennis Oenothera elata Kunth ssp. hirsutissima (Gray

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Plantaginaceae *Polygonum hydropiper L. Plantago aristata Michx. Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. var. #Plantago elongata Pursh hydropiperoides. Syns. = P. #Plantago heterophylla Nutt. hydropiperoides Michx. var. bushianum *Plantago lanceolata L. Stanford and P. hydropiperoides Michx. #Plantago major L. var. opelousanum (Riddell ex Small) #Plantago patagonica Jacq. Riddell ex W. Stone. Plantago pusilla Nutt. Polygonuum lapathifolium L. #Plantago rhodosperma Dcne. *#Polygonum orientale L. Plantago rugelii Dcne. Polygonum pensylvanicum L. var. Plantago virginica L. pensylvanicum Syn. = P. pensylvanicum #Plantago wrightiana Dcne. L. var. laevigatum Fern. Polygonum persicaria L. Platanaceae Polygonum punctatum Ell. var. confertiflorum Platanus occidentalis L. (Meisn.) Fassett Polygonum punctatum Ell. var. leptostachyum Podostemaceae ((Meisn.) Small #Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx. Polygonum punctatum Ell. var. punctatum Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. Polemoniaceae Polygonum sagittatum L. #Phlox cuspidata Scheele Polygonum scandens L. Phlox divaricata L. ssp. laphamii (Wood) #Polygonum setaceum Baldw. Wherry. Syn. = P. divaricata L. var. Polygonum tenue Michx. laphamii Wood. Polygonum virginianum L. Syn. = Tovara Phlox pilosa L. ssp. ozarkana (Wherry) Wherry. virginiana (L.) Raf. Syn. = P. pilosa L. var. ozarkana Wherry. *Rumex acetosella L. Phlox pilosa L. var. pilosa Rumex altissimus Wood Polemonium reptans L. *Rumex crispus L. Rumex hastatulus Baldw. Polygalaceae *Rumex obtusifolius L. Polygala ambigua Nutt. Syn. = P. verticillata L. *#Rumex patientia L. var. dolichoptera Fern. *Rumex pulcher L. Polygala incarnata L. Polygala sanguinea L. Portulacaceae #Polygala verticillata L. Claytonia virginica L. Phemeranthus calycinus (Engelm.) Kiger. Syn. Polygonaceae = Talinum calycinum Engelm. Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. Phemeranthus parviflorus (Nutt.) Kiger. Syn. = *#Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Talinum parviflorum Nutt. #Polygonum amphibium L. Portulaca halimoides L. Syn. = Portulaca *Polygonum aviculare L. var. aviculare. Syn. = parvula Gray. P. aviculare L. var. vegetum Ledeb. Portulaca oleracea L. Polygonum buxiforme Small. Syn. = P. #Portulaca pilosa L. aviculare L. var. littorale (Link) W. D. J. Koch. Primulaceae *Polygonum convolvulus L. *#Anagallis arvensis L. *#Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. Androsace occidentalis Pursh

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Centunculus minimus L. *Ranunculus parviflorus L. Dodecatheon meadia L. ssp. meadia. Wallis Ranunculus pusillus Poir. listed formas album and meadia. Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Lysimachia ciliata L. Ranunculus sceleratus L. var. sceleratus Lysimachia lanceolata Walt. Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall. Syn. Samolus valerandi L. ssp. parviflorus (Raf.) = T. dasycarpum Fisch. & Avé-Lall. var. Hultén. Syn. = S. parviflorus Raf. hypoglaucum (Rydb.) Boivin. #Thalictrum dioicum L. Ranunculaceae Thalictrum thalictroides (L.) Eames & Boivin. Anemone caroliniana Walt. Wallis listed Syn. = Anemonella thalictroides (L.) Eames formas caroliniana and violacea Clute. & Boivin. Anemone berlandieri Pritz. Syn. = Anemone decapetala auct. non Ard. Rhamnaceae Anemone virginiana L. Berchemia scandens (Hill) K. Koch Aguilegia canadensis L. Syn. = A. canadensis Ceanothus americanus L. Syn. = C. L. var. latiuscula (Greene) Munz. americanus L. var. pitcheri Torr.& Gray. Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. Ceanothus herbaceus Raf. Syn. = C. Clematis pitcheri Torr. & Gray herbaceus Raf. var. pubescens (Torr. & *#Clematis terniflora DC. Gray ex S. Wats.) Shinners. Clematis versicolor Small ex Rydb. Frangula caroliniana (Walt.) Gray. Syn. = Clemiatis virginiana L. Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. var. caroliniana *Consolida ajacis (L.) Schur. Syn. = and Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. var. mollis Delphinium ajacis L. Wallis listed formas Fern. ajacis and alba R. H. Cheney. Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh ssp. glabrata Delphinium carolinianum Walt. ssp. (Gleason) Kartesz & Gandhi. Syn. = carolinianum. syn. = D. carolinianum Walt. Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh var. glabrata var. crispum Perry and D. carolinianum Gleason. Walt. var. nortonianum (Mack & Bush) Perry. Rosaceae Delphinium tricorne Michx. Wallis listed formas Agrimonia parviflora Ait. albiflora Millsp. and tricorne. Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. Enemion biternatum Raf. Syn. = Isopyrum Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. biternatum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray Amelanchier arborea (Michz. f.) Fern. Myosurus minimus L. #Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fern. var. Ranunculus abortivus L. var. abortivus alabamensis (Britt.) G.N. Jones Ranunculus fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow Syn. Aruncus dioicus (Walt.) Fern. var. pubescens = R. fascicularis Muhl. ex Bigelow var. (Rydb.) Fern. aprica (Greene) Fern. Crataegus coccinioides Ashe Ranunculus harveyi (Gray) Britt. Crataegus crus-galli L. Ranunculus hispidus Michx. Crataegus engelmanni Sarg. Ranunculus hispidus Michx. var. nitidus #Crataegus intricata Lange (Chapman) T. Duncan. Syn. = R. Crataegus mollis Scheele carolinianus DC. #Crataegus pruinosa (Wendl. f.) K. Koch Ranunculus laxicaulis (Torr.& Gray) Darby #Crataegus punctata Jacq. Ranunculus longirostris Godr. Crataegus reverchonii Sarg. Syn. = C. #Ranunculus macranthus Scheele reverchoni Sarg. var. discolor (Sarg.) Ranunculus micranthus Nutt. Palmer.

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Crataegus spathulata Michx. Rubus mollior Bailey Crataegus viridis L. Rubus occidentalis L. *#Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke Rubus oklahomus Bailey Fragaria virginiana Duchesne Rubus trivialis Michx. Geum canadense Jacq. var. canadense. Syn. Sanguisorba annua (Nutt. ex Hook.) Nutt. ex = G. canadense Jacq. var. camporum Torr. & Gray (Rydb.) Fern. & Weath. Geum vernum (Raf.) Torr. & Gray Rubiaceae Gillenia stipulata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Baill. Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Malus ioensis (Wood) Britt. var. ioensis. Syn. = Diodia teres Walt. var. teres. Syn. = D. teres Pyrus ioensis (Wood) Bailey. Walt. var. setifera Fern. & Grisc. *Malus sylvestris P. Mill. Syn. = Pyrus malus #Diodia virginiana L. L. Galium aparine L. var. aparine. Syn. = G. Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. var. aparine L. var. vaillantii (DC.) Koch. intermedius (Rydb.) B.L. Robins. Galium arkansanum Gray Potentilla norvegica L. Galium circaezans Michx. var. hypomalacum *Potentilla recta L. Fern. Potentilla simplex Michx. var. simplex Galium concinnum Torr. & Gray #Prunus americana Marsh. #Galium obtusum Bigelow #Prunus angustifolia Marsh. #Galium pilosum Ait. var. pilosum #Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray Galium pilosum Ait. var. puncticulosum Prunus hortulana Bailey (Michx.) Torr. & Gray Prunus mexicana S. Wats. Syn. = P. Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. americana Marsh. var. lanata Sudsworth. Galium triflorum Michx. Wallis listed formas Prunus munsoniana W. Wright & Hedrick. glabrum Leyend and triflorum. *Prunus persica (L.) Batsch Galium virgatum Nutt. Prunus rivularis Scheele. Syn. = P. reverchonii Houstonia purpurea L. var. calycosa Gray. Sarg. Syn. = Houstonia lanceolata (Poir.) Britt. Prunus serotina Ehrh. Houstonia longifolia Gaertn. #Prunus virginiana L. Houstonia pusilla Schoepf. Syn. = H. patens *#Pyrus communis L. Ell. Rosa carolina L. var. carolina. Syn. = R. Houstonia purpurea L. carolina var. villosa (Best) Rehd. Wallis #Houstonia rosea (Raf.) Terrell listed forma glandulosa (Crepin) Fern. #Oldenlandia boscii (DC.) Chapman Rosa foliolosa Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray *Sherardia arvensis L. Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. Spermacoce glabra Michx. Rosa setigera Michx. var. setigera Stenaria nigricans (Lam.) Terrell var. nigricans. Rosa setigera Michx. var. tomentosa Torr. & Syn. = Houstonia nigricans (Lam.) Fern. Gray Rubus aboriginum Rydb. Rutaceae #Rubus argutus Link Ptelea trifoliata L. Rubus allegheniensis Porter #Zanthoxylum americanum P. Mill. Rubus bushii Bailey. Syn. = R. fructifer Bailey, Salicaceae R. ozarkensis Bailey, and R. scibilis Bailey. *#Populus alba L. #Rubus flagellaris Willd. Populus deltoides Marsh. Rubus frondosus Bigelow. Syn. = R. pratensis Salix caroliniana Michx. Bailey. Salix humilis Marsh. var. humilis. Syn. = S.

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humilis Marsh. var. hyporhysa Fern. cinerea Pennell. Syn. = Gerardia Salix interior Rowlee. Wallis listed forma grandiflora Benth. var. cinerea (Pennell) wheeleri (Rowlee) Rouleau. Cory. Salix nigra Marsh. #Aureolaria pectinata (Nutt.) Pennell Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst. Santalaceae Buchnera americana L. Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. umbellata. Syn. = C. richardsiana Fern. Castilleja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Wallis listed formas coccinea and lutescens Farwell. Sapindaceae #Castilleja indivisa Engelm. #Cardiospermum halicacabum L. #Castilleja purpurea (Nutt.) G. Don Sapindus saponaria L. var. drummondii (Hook. #Collinsia verna Nutt. & Arn.) L. Benson. Syn. = S. drummondii Collinsia violacea Nutt. Hook. & Arn. Dasistoma macrophylla (Nutt.) Raf. Syn. = Seymeria macrophylla Nutt. Sapotaceae Gratiola neglecta Torr. Sideroxylon lanuginosum Michx. ssp. Gratiola virginiana L. oblongifolium (Nutt.) T.D. Pennington. *Kickxia elatine (L.) Dumort. Syn. = Bumelia lanuginosa (Michx.) Pers. Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt. Syn. = var. oblongifolia (Nutt.) Conobea multifida (Michx.) Benth. R. B. Clark. *Linaria vulgaris P. Mill. Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. anagallidea Saxifragaceae (Michx.) Cooperrider. Syn. = L. Heuchera americana L. var. hirsuticaulis anagallidea (Michx.) Pennell. (Wheelock) Rosendahl Butters & Lakela Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell var. dubia Penthorum sedoides L. Mecardonia acuminata (Walt.) Small var. #Saxifraga palmeri Bush acuminata. Syn. = Bacopa acuminata Saxifraga texana Buckl. (Walt.) B.L. Robins. Saxifraga virginiensis Michx. var. subintegra Mimulus alatus Ait. Goodman Mimulus glabratus Kunth var. oklahomensis Fassett Saururaceae #Mimulus ringens L. Saururus cernuus L. Nuttallanthus texanus (Scheele) D.A. Sutton. Syn. = Linaria canadensis (L.) Dumont. Scrophulariaceae var. texana (Scheele) Pennell. #Agalinis densiflora (Benth.) Blake Pedicularis canadensis L. ssp. canadensis. Agalinis fasciculata (Ell.) Raf. Syn. = Gerardia Syn. = P. canadensis L. var. dobbsii Fern. fasciculata Ell. Penstemon arkansanus Pennell Agalinis gattingeri (Small) Small. Syn. = Penstemon digitalis Nutt. ex Sims Gerardia Gattingeri Small. #Penstemon laxiflorus Pennell Agalinis heterophylla (Nutt.) Small ex Britt. Penstemon tubiflorus Nutt. Syn. = Gerardia heterophylla Nutt. Scrophularia marilandica L. Wallis listed Agalinis tenuifolia (Vahl) Raf. var. parviflora forma neglecta (Rydb.) Pennell. (Nutt.) Pennell. Syn. = Gerardia tenuifolia *Verbascum blattaria L. Wallis listed formas Vahl. var. parviflora Nutt. albiflora (Don) House and blattaria. #Agalinis viridis (Small) Pennell *Verbascum thapsus L. Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell var. #Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.

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*Veronica arvensis L. Tamaricaceae Veronica peregrina L. ssp. peregrine *#Tamarix chinensis Lour. Veronica peregrina L. ssp. xalapensis (Kunth) *Tamarix gallica L. Pennell. Syn. = V. peregrina L. var. xalapensis (Kunth) Pennell. Tiliaceae Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farw. Tilia americana L. var. americana. Syn. = Tilia neglecta Spach. Simaroubaceae #Tilia americana L. var. caroliniana (P. Mill.) *#Ailanthus altissima (P. Mill.) Swingle Castigl.

Solanaceae Ulmaceae *Datura inoxia P. Mill. Syn. = D. meteloides Celtis laevigata Willd. var. laevigata auct. p.p., non Dunal. #Celtis laevigata Willd. var. texana Sarg. *Datura stramonium L. Celtis occidentalis L. Syn. = C. occidentalis L. Physalis angulata L. Syns. = P. angulata L. var. pumila (Pursh) Gray. var. lanceifolia (Nees) Waterfall and P. Celtis tenuifolia Mitt. var. ternilfolia. Syn. = angulata L. var. pendula (Rydberg) Celtis tenuifolia Nutt. var. georgiana. Waterfall. (Small) Fern. & Schub. Physalis cordata P. Mill. Syn. = P. pubescens Ulmus alata Michx. L. var. glabra (Michx.) Waterfall. Ulmus americana L. #Physalis hederifolia Gray Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. Physalis heterophylla Nees var. heterophylla *Ulmus pumila L. Physalis longifolia Nutt. var. longifolia. Syn. = Ulmus rubra Muhl. Physalis virginiana Mill. var. sonorae #Ulmus serotina Sarg. (Torr.) Waterfall. Physalis missouriensis Mackenzie & Bush Urticaceae #Physalis pubescens L. var. pubescens Boehmeria cylindrica (L. ) Sw. var. cylindrica Physalis pubescens L. var. integrifolia (Dunal) Laportea canadensis (L.) Weddell Waterfall Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd. Physalis pumila Nutt. Pilea pumila (L.) Gray var. deamii (Lunell) Physalis virginiana P. Mill. var. virginiana Fern. Solanum americanum P. Mill. Urtica chamaedryoides Pursh Solanum carolinense L. Wallis listed formas Urtica dioica L. albiflorum (O. Ktze.) Benke and carolinense. Valerianaceae Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Valerianella longiflora (Torr. & Gray) Walp. Solanum rostratum Dunal Valerianella ozarkana Dyal. Syn. = V. bushii *Solanum physalifolium Rusby. Syn. = Dyal. Solanum sarachoides auct. non Sendtner. Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. #Solanum ptychanthum Dunal *#Veronica persica Poir. Verbenaceae *#Veronica polita Fries Callicarpa americana L Glandularia canadensis (L.) Nutt. Staphyleaceae Glandularia pumila (Rydb.) Umber. Syn. = Staphylea trifolia L. Verbena pumila Rydb. Phryma leptostachya L. Formerly placed in the Phrymaceae.

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Phyla lanceolata (Michx.) Greene Syn. = L. Des Moulins. lanceolata Michx. var. recognita Fern. & Parthenocissus quinguefolia (L.) Planch. Grisc. Wallis listed forma hirsuta (Donn) Fern. Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. Syn. = L. incisa #Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. aestivalis (Small) Tidestrom Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. bicolor Deam. Syn. Verbena bracteata Cav. ex Lag. & Rodr. = V. aestivalis Michx. var. argentifolia Verbena halei Small (Munson) Fern. Verbena hastata L. Vitis aestivalis Michx. var. lincecumii (Buckl.) Verbena simplex Lehm. Munson. Syn. = V. lincecumii Buckl. var. Verbena stricta Vent. Wallis listed formas glauca Munson. albiflora Wadmond and stricta. #Vitis cinerea (Engelm.) Millard Verbena urticifolia L. var. urticifolia #Vitis palmata Vahl #Verbena urticifolia L. var. leiocarpa Perry & #Vitis riparia Michx. Fern. #Vitis rupestris Scheele Vitis vulpina L. Violaceae Hybanthus concolor (T.E. Forst.) Spreng. Zygophyllaceae Viola bicolor Pursh. Syn. = V. kitaibeliana R.& *Tribulus terrestris L. S. var. rafinesquii (Greene) Fern. Viola missouriensis Greene Monocotyledoneae #Viola ×palmata L. (pro sp.) [brittoniana or Acoraceae pedatifida × affinis or sororia] #Acorus calamus L. Viola pedata L. Syn. = V. pedata L. var. lineariloba DC. Agavaceae Viola pedatifida G. Don Manfreda virginica (L.) Salisb. ex Rose. Syn. = Viola pubescens Ait. Syn. = V. pensylvanica Agave lata Shinners. var. pensylvanica. Yucca arkansana Trel. Viola pubescens Ait. var. scabriuscula Yucca filamentosa L. Schwein. ex Torr. & Gray. Syn. = V. #Yucca glauca Nutt. pensylvanica Michx var. leiocarpa (Fern. & Wieg.) Fern. Alismataceae #Viola X primulifolia Alisma subcordatum Raf. Viola sagittata Ait. Echinodorus cordifolius (L) Griseb. Viola sororia Willd. Syn. = V. papilionacea Sagittaria ambigua J.G. Sm. Pursh. #Sagittaria brevirostra Mackenzie & Bush Viola triloba Schwein. var. dilatata (Ell.) Sagittaria calycina Engelm. Brainerd Sagittaria graminea Michx. Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Wallis listed formas Viscaceae (=Loranthaceae) hastata (Pursh) Robins. and latifolia. Syn. Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. = S. latifolia Willd var. obtusa (Engelm.) Johnston. Syn. = P. flavescens Nutt. ex Wieg. Engelm. #Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J.G. Sm.

Vitaceae Araceae Ampelopsis arborea (L.) Koehne Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott ssp. triphyllum. Ampelopsis cordata Michx. Syn. = A. atrorubens (Ait.) Blume. Wallis Cissus trifoliata (L.) L. Syn. = C. incisa (Nutt.) formas virde (Engler) Fern. and zebrinum

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(Sims) Fern. #Carex fissa Mackenzie Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott Carex flaccosperma Dewey Carex frankii Kunth Commelinaceae Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd. Syn. = Carex *Commelina communis L. haleana Olney. Commelina diffusa Burm. f. Carex gravida Bailey var. lunelliana Commelina erecta L. var. angustifolia (Michx.) (Mackenzie) F.J. Herm. Fern. Wallis listed forma crispa (Woot.) Carex grayi Carey. Syn. = Carex grayi Carey Fern. var. hispidula Gray. Commelina erecta L. var. deamiana Fern. Carex grisea Wahlenb. Syn. = Carex Commelina erecta L. var. erecta. Wallis listed amphibola Steud var. turgida Fern. formas erecta and intercursa Fern. Carex hirsutella Mackenzie Commelina virginica L. Carex hyalinolepis Steud. Tradescantia ernestiana E.S. Anderson & Carex jamesii Schwein. Woods. Wallis listed formas alba Waterfall Carex leavenworthii Dewey. Syn. = Carex and ernestiana. cephalophora Muhl. var. leavenworthii #Tradescantia hirsutiflora Bush (Dewey) Kükenth. Tradescantia ohiensis Raf. Wallis listed forma Carex laevivaginata (Kükenth.) Mackenzie ohiensis. #Carex louisianica Bailey Tradescantia ozarkana E.S. Anderson & Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex Dewey Woods. #Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd. Carex lurida Wahlenb. Cyperaceae #Carex microdonta Torr. & Hook. Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth ex C.B. Clarke #Carex molestiformis Reznicek & Rothrock ssp. capillaris. Syn. = Bulbostylis capillaris Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex Willd. var. (L.) C. B. Clark var. crebra Fern. enervis Boott. Carex aggregata Mackenzie Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex Willd. var. #Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng. var. albicans muehlenbergii. Carex amphibola Steud. var. amphibola Carex normalis Mackenzie Carex annectens (Bickn.) Bickn. Carex oklahomensis Mackenzie. Syn. = Carex Carex austrina Mackenzie stipata Muhl. var. oklahomensis Carex bicknelii Britt. (Mackenzie) Gleason. Carex blanda Dewey Carex oligocarpa Schkuhr ex Willd. Carex brevior (Dewey) Mackenzie #Carex oxylepis Torr. & Hook. Carex bulbostylis Mackenzie. Syn. = Carex Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd. amphibola Steud. var. globosa (Bailey) #Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd. Bailey. #Carex shinnersii P. Fothr. & Reznicek Carex bushii Mackenzie Carex shortiana Dewey #Carex caroliniana Schwein. #Carex socialis Mohlenbrock & Schwegm. Carex cephalophora Muhl. var. cephalophora #Carex squarrosa L. Carex cherokeensis Schwein. Carex triangularis Boeckl. #Carex complanata Torr. & Hook. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Carex crawei Dewey Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. ex Torr. Carex crus-corvi Shuttlw. ex Kunze Cyperus bipartitus Torr. Syn. = Cyperus #Carex davisii Schwein. & Torr. rivularis Kunth. #Carex digitalis Willd. Cyperus echinatus (L.) Wood. Syns. = #Carex festucacea Schkuhr ex Willd. Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) Torr. var.

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ovularis and Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) (Torr. & Hook. ex Torr.) Boeckl. Torr. var. sphaericus Boeckl. Fimbristylis vahlii (Lam.) Link Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Fuirena squarrosa Michx. *Cyperus esculentus L. Isolepis carinata Hook. & Arn. ex Torr. Syn. = Cyperus flavescens L. Syn. = Cyperus Scirpus koilolepis (Steud.) Gleason. flavescens L. var. poiformis (Pursh) Fern. Kyllinga pumila Michx. Syn. = Cyperus *#Cyperus iria L. tenuifolius (Steud.) Dandy. Cyperus lupulinus (Spreng.) Marcks ssp. Lipocarpha drummondii (Nees) G. Tucker. lupulinus. Syn. = Cyperus filiculmis Vahl. Syn. = Hemicarpha drummondii Nees. Cyperus odoratus L. Lipocarpha micrantha (Vahl) G. Tucker. Syn. = #Cyperus reflexus Vahl Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl) Pax. #Cyperus retroflexus Buckl. Syn. = Cyperus Rhynchospora harveyi W. Boott uniflorus Torr. & Hook. Rhynchospora macrostachya Torr. ex Gray #Cyperus setigerus Torr. & Hook. Rhynchospora recognita (Gale) Kral. Syn. = Cyperus strigosus L. Syn. = Cyperus strigosus Rhynchospora globularis (Chapm.) Small L. var. robustior Britt. var. recognita Gale. Cyperus strigosus L. var. strigosus #Schoenoplectus acutus (Muhl. ex Bigelow) Cyperus squarrosus L. Syn. = Cyperus A.& D. Löve var. acutus inflexus Muhl. Schoenoplectus americanus (Pers.) Volk. ex Cyperus virens Michx. Schinz & R. Keller. Syn. = Scirpus Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roemer & J.A. americanus Pers. var. americanus. Schultes var. acicularis Syn. = Eleocharis Schoenoplectus californicus (C.A. Mey.) Palla. acicularis (L.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes var. Syn. = Scirpus californicus (C.A. Meyer) gracilescens Svens. Steud. Eleocharis engelmanni Steud. Wallis lists Schoenoplectus heterochaetus (Chase) Soják. forma englemanni. Syn. = Scirpus heterochaetus Chase. #Eleocharis erythropoda Steud. Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (K.C. Gmel.) Eleocharis lanceolata Fern. Palla. Syn. = Scirpus validus Vahl var. Eleocharis macrostachya Britt. creber Fern. Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth Scirpus atrovirens Willd. Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) J.A. Schultes Scirpus pendulus Muhl. Syn. = Scirpus #Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roemer & J.A. lineatus auct. non Michx. Schultes Scleria ciliata Michx. var. ciliata #Eleocharis parvula (Roemer & J.A. Schultes) Scleria oligantha Michx. Link ex Bluff, Nees & Schauer Scleria pauciflora Muhl. ex Willd. var. Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roemer & caroliniana (Willd.) Wood J.A. Schultes Scleria triglomerata Michx. Eleocharis radicans (A. Dietr.) Kunth. Eleocharis tenuis (Willd.) J.A. Schultes var. Dioscoreaceae verrucosa (Svens.) Svens. *Dioscorea oppositifolia L. Syn. = Dioscorea Fimbristylis annua (All.) Roemer & J.A. batatas Dcne. Schultes. Syn. = Fimbristylis baldwiniana Dioscorea quaternata J.F. Gmel. (J.A. Schultes) Torr. Dioscorea villosa L. Wallis listed formas Fimbristylis autumnalis (L.) Roemer & J.A. glabrifolia (Bartlett) Fern. and villosa. Schultes Fimbristylis puberula (Michx.) Vahl var. Hydrocharitaceae puberula. Syn. = Fimbristylis drummondii Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) St. John

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Allium stellatum Fraser ex Ker-Gawl. Iridaceae *Allium vineale L. Wallis listed formas *Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC compactum (Thuill.) Aschers and vineale. Iris cristata Ait. *Asparagus officinalis L. Iris virginica L. var. shrevei (Small) E. Anders. Camassia scilloides (Raf.) Cory Nemastylis nuttallii Pickering ex R.C. Foster Cooperia drummondii Herbert Sisyrinchium angustifolium P. Mill. Erythronium albidum Nutt. Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn. Wallis lists Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl. forma kansanum (Bickn.) Erythronium mesochoreum Knerr. Syn. = Steyerm. Erythronium albidum Nutt. var. Sisyrinchium langloisii Greene. Syn. = mesochoreum (Knerr) Rickett. Sisyrinchium varians Bickn. #Erythronium rostratum W. Wolf *Hemerocallis fulva (L.) L. Juncaceae Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville Juncus acuminatus Michx. Maianthemum racemosum (L.) Link ssp. Juncus biflorus Ell. racemosum. Syn. = Smilacina racemosa Juncus brachycarpus Engelm. (L.) Desf. var. cylindrata Fern. Juncus diffusissimus Buckl. Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britt. #Juncus dudleyi Wieg. *#Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Juncus effusus L. var. solutus Fern. & Wieg. Polygonatum biflorum (Walt.) Ell. var. Juncus interior Wieg. commutatum (J.A. & J.H. Schultes) Juncus marginatus Rostk. Morong. Syn. = Polygonatum Juncus nodatus Coville. Syn. = Juncus canaliculatum auct. non (Muhl. ex Willd.) acuminatus Michx. var. robustus Engelm. Pursh. Juncus scirpoides Lam. Trillium recurvatum Beck #Juncus secundus Beauv. ex Poir. #Trillium sessile L. Juncus tenuis Willd. Trillium viridescens Nutt. Juncus torreyi Coville Uvularia grandiflora Sm. Juncus validus Coville Zigadenus nuttallii (Gray) S. Wats. Luzula bulbosa (Wood) Smyth & Smyth #Luzula echinata (Small) F.J. Herm. Najadaceae Najas guadalupensis (Spreng.) Magnus Lemnaceae Lemna minor L. Orchidaceae Lemna valdiviana Phil. #Calopogon oklahomensis D.H. Goldman Spirodela polyrrhiza (L.) Schleid. Calopogon tuberosus (L.) B.S.P. var. #Wolffia brasiliensis Weddell tuberosus. Syn. = Calopogon pulchellus #Wolffia columbiana Karst. R. Br. ex Ait. f. #Corallorrhiza odontorhiza (Willd.) Poir. Liliaceae Corallorhiza wisteriana Conrad Aletris farinosa L. #Cypripedium kentuckiense C.F. Reed Allium canadense L. var. canadense #Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. Allium canadense L. var. lavandulare (Bates) Hexalectris spicata (Walt.) Barnh. Ownbey & Aase #Malaxis unifolia Michx. Allium canadense L. var. mobilense (Regel) Platanthera lacera (Michx.) G. Don. Syn. = Ownbey Habenaria lacera (Michx.) R. Br. *#Allium sativum L. Spiranthes cernua (L.) L.C. Rich.

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Spiranthes lacera (Raf.) Raf. var. gracilis Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. Syn. = (Bigelow) Luer. Syn. = Spiranthes gracilis Andropogon saccharoides Sw. (Bigelow) Beck. Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Spiranthes tuberosa Raf. Syn. = Spiranthes #Brachyelytrum erectum (Schreb. ex Spreng.) grayi Ames. Beauv. Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. & Gray *Bromus catharticus Vahl. #Tipularia discolor (Pursh) Nutt. *Bromus hordeaceus L. ssp. hordeaceus. Syn. = Bromus mollis L. Poaceae (= Gramineae) *Bromus japonicus Thunb. *Aegilops cylindrica Host. Syn. = Aegilops Bromus pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. cylindrica Host. var. rubiginosa Popova. *Bromus secalinus L. *Agrostis gigantea Roth. Syn. = Agrostis alba *Bromus tectorum L. L. Cenchrus spinifex Cav. Syns. = Cenchrus Agrostis elliottiana J.A. Schultes incertus M.A. Curtis and Cenchrus Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. pauciflorus Benth. Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerman Chasmanthium latifolium (Michx.) Yates. Syn. #Agrostis scabra Willd. = Uniola latifolia Michx. #Agrostis stolonifera Chloris verticillata Nutt. *Aira caryophyllea L. #Chloris virgata Sw. *#Aira elegans Willd. ex Kunth Cinna arundinacea L. Syn. = Cinna Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. arundinacea L. var. inexpansa Fern. & Andropogon gerardi Vitman. Syn. = Grisc. Andropogon gerardi Vitman var. Coelorachis cylindrica (Michx.) Nash. Syn. = chrysocomas (Nash) Fern. Manisuris cylindrica (Michx.) Kuntze. Andropogon ternarius Michx. *Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Andropogon virginicus L. var. virginicus. Syn. *Dactylis glomerata L. = Andropogon virginicus L. var. Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. ex Roemer & tetrastachyus (Ell.) Hack. J.A. Schultes. Syn. = Danthonia spicata #Aristida basiramea Engelm. ex Vasey (L.) Beauv. ex Roemer & J.A. Schultes var. Aristida dichotoma Michx. var. curtissii Gray ex longipila Scribn. & Merr. S. Wats. & Coult. #Diarrhena americana Beauv. Aristida dichotoma Michx. var. dichotoma Diarrhena obovata (Gleason) Brandenburg. Aristida longespica Poir. var. geniculata (Raf.) Syn. = Diarrhena americana Beauv. var. Fern. Syn. = Aristida intermedia Scribn. & obovata Gleason. Ball. #Dichanthelium aciculare (Desv. ex Poir.) Aristida longespica Poir. var. longespica Gould & C. A. Clark Aristida oligantha Michx. #Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Aristida purpurascens Poir. C.A. Clark var. acuminatum *Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino. Syn. = Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Arthraxon hispidus (Thunb.) Makino var. Clark var. fasciculatum (Torr.) Freckmann. cryptatherus (Hack) Houda. Syn. = Panicum lanuginosum Ell. var. Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Muhl. fasciculatum (Torr.) Fern. *#Avena sativa L. #Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & Axonopus fissifolius (Raddi) Kuhlm. Syn. = C.A. Clark var. lindheimeri (Nash) Gould & Axonopus affinis Chase. C.A. Clark *Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng. Syn. = Dichanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould & C.A. Andropogon ischaemum L. Clark. Syn. = Panicum boscii Poir.

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#Dichanthelium clandestinum (L.) Gould (Schreb.) Muhl. Dichanthelium commutatum (J.A. Schultes) Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Gould. Syn. = Panicum commutatum #Digitaria villosa (Walt.) Pers. Schultes var. commutatum. *Echinochloa colona (L.) Link. Wallis listed #Dichanthelium depauperatum (Muhl.) Gould forma zonalis (Guss.) Wieg. #Dichanthelium dichotomum (L.) Gould var. *Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. dichotomum *Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Dichanthelium latifolium (L.) Gould & C.A. Elymus canadensis L. Clark. Syn. = Panicum latifolium L. Elymus hystrix L. Syn. = Hystrix patula Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould. Syn. = Moench. Panicum laxiflorum Lam. Elymus villosus Muhl. ex Willd. Dichanthelium linearifolium (Scribn. ex Nash) Elymus virginicus L. var. virginicus. Syns. = Gould. Syns = Panicum linearifolium Elymus virginicus L. var. glabriflorus Scribn. var. linearifolium, Panicum (Vasey) Bush (Wallis listed formas linearifolium Scribn. ex Nash var. werneri australis (Scribn. & Ball) Fern., (Scribn.) Fern., and Panicum perlongum hirsutiglumis (Scribn.) Fern., and Nash. virginicus) and Elymus virginicus L. var. Dichanthelium malacophyllum (Nash) Gould. jejunus (Ramaley) Rydb. Syn. = Panicum malacophyllum Nash. *#Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau #Dichanthelium oligosanthes (J.A. Schultes) Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees Gould var. oligosanthes *Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen. Dichanthelium oligosanthes (J.A. Schultes) Syn. = Eragrostis megastachya (Koel.) Gould var. scribnerianum (Nash) Gould. Link. Syns. = Panicum oligosanthes Schultes Eragrostis curtipedicellata Buckl. var. helleri (Nash) Fern. and Panicum *Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees oligosanthes Schultes var. scribnerianum Eragrostis frankii C.A. Mey. ex Steud. (Nash) Fern. Eragrostis hirsuta (Michx.) Nees Dichanthelium ravenelii (Scribn. & Merr.) Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B.S.P. Gould. Syn. = Panicum ravenelii Scribn. & Eragrostis intermedia A.S. Hitchc. Merr. Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees ex Steud. Dichanthelium scoparium (Lam.) Gould. Syn. Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. = Panicum scoparium Lam. Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh) Steud. Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Ell.) Gould. #Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Wood Syn. = Panicum sphaerocarpon Ell. Festuca paradoxa Desv. Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon (Ell.) Gould var. Festuca subverticillata (Pers.) Alexeev. Syn. = isophyllum (Scribn.) Gould & C.A. Clark. Festuca obtusa Biehler. Syn. = Panicum polyanthes Schultes. #Glyceria acutiflora Torr. Dichanthelium villosissimum (Nash) Glyceria striata (Lam.) A.S. Hitchc. Freckmann var. praecocius (A.S. Hitchc. & Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) B.S.P. Chase) Freckmann. Syn. = Panicum *#Holcus lanatus L. praecocius A.S. Hitchc. & Chase. Hordeum pusillum Nutt. Digitaria cognata (J.A. Schultes) Pilger. Syn. = Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) J.A. Schultes. Leptoloma cognatum (Schultes) Chase. Syn. = Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. #Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koel. Leersia oryzoides (L) Sw. Wallis listed formas Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koel. glabra A.A. Eat. and oryzoides. *Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Leersia virginica Willd. Muhl. Syn. = Digitaria ischaemum Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth ssp. fascicularis

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(Lam.) N. Snow. Syn. = Diplachne muehlenbergii (Nash) Fern. fascicularis (Lam.) Beauv. Phalaris caroliniana Walt. Leptochloa panicea (Retz.) Ohwi ssp. brachiata *#Phleum pretense L. (Steudl.) N. Snow. Syn. = Leptochloa *Poa annua L. filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. #Poa champaniana Scribn. *Lolium perenne L. ssp. multiflorum (Lam.) Poa pratensis L. Husnot. Syn. = Lolium multiflorum Lam. Poa sylvestris Gray #Melica mutica Walt. Polypogon interruptus Kunth Melica nitens (Scribn.) Nutt. ex Piper Schedonnardus paniculatus (Nutt.) Trel. *#Microstegium vimineum (Trin.) A. Camus *#Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub #Muhlenbergia bushii Pohl *#Schedonorus pratensis (Huds.) Beauv. Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash. Syn. #Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fern. = Andropogon scoparius Michx. Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. #Setaria leucopila (Scribn. & Merr.) K. Schum. Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl. ex Willd.) Trin. Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen. Syn. = Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr. ex Gray Setaria geniculata auct. non (Wild.) Beauv. #Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Willd.) B.S.P. *Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roemer & J.A. Schultes Nassella leucotricha (Trin. & Rupr.) Pohl. Syn. ssp. pumila. Syn. = Setaria glauca (L.) = Stipa leucotricha Trin. & Rupr. Beauv. Neeragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nicora *Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. Panicum anceps Michx. Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Panicum brachyanthum Steud. *Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Panicum capillare L. var. capillare Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link. Syn. = Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. var. Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link var. suttiei dichotomiflorum (Farw.) Fern. Panicum flexile (Gattinger) Scribn. Sphenopholis filiformis (Chapman) Scribn. #Panicum obtusum Kunth Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.) Rydb. #Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin. Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Syn. = Panicum rigidulum Bosc ex Nees var. Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. rigidulum. Syn. = Panicum agrostoides var. lobata (Trin.) scribn. Wallis listed Spreng. var. agrostoides. forma lobata. Panicum virgatum L. Sporobolus clandestinus (Biehler) A.S. Hitchc. Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) A. Löve. Syn. = Syn. = Sporobolus canovirens Nash. Agropyron smithii Rydb. var. smithii. Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Merr. var. #Paspalidium geminatum (Forsk.) Stapf compositus. Syn. = Sporobolus asper *Paspalum dilatatum Poir. (Beauv.) Kunth var. hookeri (Trin.) Vasey. Paspalum floridanum Michx. Syn. = Paspalum #Sporobolus compositus (Poir.) Merr. var. floridanum Michx var. glabratum Engelm. drummondii (Trin.) Kartesz & Gandhi Paspalum fluitans (Ell.) Kunth Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray Paspalum laeve Michx. Syn. = Paspalum Sporobolus heterolepis (Gray) Gray laeve Michx var. pilosum Scribn. Sporobolus vaginiflorus (Torr. ex Gray) Wood Paspalum pubiflorum Rupr. ex Fourn. Syn. = var. vaginiflorus Paspalum pubiflora Rupr. var. glabrum #Sporobolus vaginiflorus (Torr. ex Gray) Wood Vasey ex Scribn. var. ozarkanus (Fern.) Shinners Paspalum setaceum Michx. Syn. = Paspalum Steinchisma hians (Ell.) Nash. Syn. = Panicum ciliatifolium Michx. var. ciliatifolium and hians Ell. Paspalum ciliatifolium Michx. var. Tridens muticus (Torr.) Nash var. elongatus

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(Buckl.) Shinners. Syn. = Triodia elongata var. hastata (Willd.) A. DC. and Smilax (Buckl.) Scribn. bona-nox L. var. hederifolia (Bey.) Fern. Tridens flavus (L.) A.S. Hitchc. Syn. = Triodia #Smilax ecirrata (Engelm. ex Kunth) S. Wats. flava (L.) Smyth. Smilax glauca Walt. Syn. = Smilax glauca Tridens strictus (Nutt.) Nash. Syn. = Triodia Walt. var. leucophylla Blake. stricta (Nutt.) Benth. ex Vasey. #Smilax herbacea L. Triplasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapman Smilax lasioneura Hook. Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. Smilax pulverulenta Michx. *Triticum aestivum L. #Smilax rotundifolia L. #Urochloa platyphylla (Munro ex Wright) R. Smilax tamnoides L. Syn. = Smilax tamnoides Webster L. var. hispida (Muhl. ex Torr.) Fern. *Vulpia myuros (L.) K.C. Gmel. Vulpia octoflora (Walt.) Rydb. Sparganiaceae #Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Doell & Aschers. #Sparganium americanum Nutt. Sparganium androcladum (Engelm.) Morong Pontederiaceae #Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM. Typhaceae Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Wild. *Typha angustifolia L. Typha domingensis Pers. Potamogetonaceae (= Zosteraceae) Typha latifolia L. Wallis listed formas ambigua *Potamogeton crispus L. (Sonder) Kronf. and latifolia. Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. Potamogeton foliosus Raf. ssp. foliosus Zannichelliaceae Potamogeton nodosus Poir. Zannichellia palustris L. Formerly a member of the Zosteraceae. Smilacaceae Smilax bona-nox L. Syn. = Smilax bona-nox L.

Hoagland, B.W.