Quick viewing(Text Mode)

Vegetation of the Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area

Vegetation of the Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area

PARKS AND WILDLIFE VEGETATION OF G U S E N G E L I N G WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT AREA

A FIELD CHECKLIST “Act Natural” Visit a Wildlife Management Area at our Web site: http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us

Cover: Illustration of Common Sassafras by Rob Fleming. HABITAT DESCRIPTION

he Gus Engeling Wildlife Management Area is located in the northwest corner of Anderson County, 20 miles northwest of Palestine, Texas, on T U.S. Highway 287. The management area contains 10,958 acres of land owned by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Most of the land was purchased in 1950 and 1951, with the addition of several smaller tracks through 1960. It was originally called the Derden Wildlife Management Area, but was later changed to the Engeling Wildlife Management Area in honor of Biologist Gus A. Engeling, who was killed by a poacher on the area in December 1951. The area is drained by Catfish Creek which is a tributary of the Trinity River. The topography is gently rolling to hilly, with a well-defined drainage system that empties into Catfish Creek. Most of the small streams are spring fed and normally flow year-round. The soils are mostly light colored, rapidly permeable sands on the upland, and moderately permeable, gray-brown, sandy loams in the bottom­ land along Catfish Creek. The climate is classified as moist, sub-humid, with an annual rainfall of about 40 inches. The vegetation consists of deciduous forest with an overstory of oak, hickory, sweetgum and elm; with associated understory of dogwood, American beautyberry, huckleberry, greenbrier, etc. Shade-tolerant grasses and forbs make up a sparse cover on the forest floor. The management area has active bird rockeries, a sphagnum moss bog, and numerous sloughs and marshes along Catfish Creek. Wintering ducks and other waterbirds use the marshes as a wintering sanctuary for food and cover. Catfish Creek contains an abundance of freshwater fishes and other aquatic life. Other brochures available at the Management Area office include field checklists for FISHES, AMPHIBIANS and REPTILES, BIRDS, and MAMMALS.

LEGEND

• Verified occurrence on the wildlife management area. * Only known Texas site record. (e) Established exotic. (i) Introduced, but native to eastern U.S.

All other listed species are of probable or possible occurrence (species examined or observed within Anderson County or adjacent counties within the general distribution and habitat of the species).

1 CHECKLIST

Woody Trees •Boxelder Acer negundo •Maple, Red Acer rubrum Buckeye, Ohio Aesculus glabra •Buckeye, Red Aesculus pavia •Silktree () Albizia julibrissin (e) •Alder, Hazel Alnus serrulata •Devil’s Walkingstick Aralia spinosa •Birch, River Betula nigra •Hornbeam, American Carpinus caroliniana Hickory, Mockernut Carya alba •Hickory, Water Carya aquatica •Pecan Carya illinoinensis •Hickory, Black Carya texana •Catalpa, Northern Catalpa speciosa (i) •Hackberry, Sugar Celtis laevigata •Hackberry, Dwarf Celtis tenuifolia •Redbud Cercis canadensis •Dogwood, Flowering Cornus Hawthorn, Barberry Crataegus berberifolia •Hawthorn, Cockspur Crataegus crus-galli •Hawthorn, Parsley Crataegus marshallii Hawthorn, Arnold Crataegus mollis •Hawthorn, Littlehip Crataegus spathulata •Hawthorn, Green Crataegus viridis Hawthorn, Warner’s Crataegus warneri •Persimmon, Common Diospyros virginiana •Swamp Privet, Eastern Forestiera acuminata •Buckthorn, Carolina Frangula caroliniana •Ash, White Fraxinus americana •Ash, Green Fraxinus pennsylvanica •Locust, Water Gleditsia aquatica •Locust, Honey Gleditsia triacanthos •Possum-haw (Deciduous Holly) Ilex decidua •Holly, American Ilex opaca •Yaupon Ilex vomitoria •Walnut, Black Juglans nigra •Red Cedar, Eastern Juniperus virginiana •Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua •Osage Orange Maclura pomifera •Chinaberry Melia azedarach (e) •Mulberry, Red Morus rubra •Wax-myrtle, Southern Myrica cerifera 2 •Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica •Hophornbeam Ostrya virginiana •Pine, Shortleaf Pinus echinata •Pine, Loblolly Pinus taeda •Planertree (Water-Elm) Planera aquatica •Sycamore, American Plantanus occidentalis •Cottonwood, Eastern Populus deltoides •Mesquite, Honey Prosopis glandulosa •Laurel Cherry, Carolina Prunus caroliniana •Plum, Mexican Prunus mexicana •Cherry, Black Prunus serotina •Plum, Flatwood (Hog Plum) Prunus umbellata •Oak, Sawtooth Quercus acutissima (e) •Oak, White Quercus alba •Oak, Southern Red Quercus falcata •Oak, Bluejack Quercus incana •Oak, Overcup Quercus lyrata •Oak, Blackjack Quercus marilandica •Oak, Water Quercus nigra •Oak, Nuttall’s Quercus nuttallii •Oak, Willow Quercus phellos •Oak, Shumard’s Quercus shumardii •Oak, Sand Post Quercus stellata var. margaretta •Oak, Post Quercus stellata var. stellata •Sumac, Flameleaf Rhus copallinum •Sumac, Prairie Rhus lanceolata •Locust, Black Robinia pseudoacacia (i) •Willow, Black Salix nigra •Soapberry, Western Sapindus saponaria •Tallow Tree, Chinese Sapium sebiferum (e) •Sassafras Sassafras albidum •Chittamwood Sideroxylon lanuginosum •Baldcypress Taxodium distichum •Basswood, Carolina Tilia americana •Elm, Winged Ulmus alata •Elm, American Ulmus americana •Elm, Cedar Ulmus crassifolia •Elm, Slippery Ulmus rubra •Farkleberry Vaccinium arboreum •Arrowwood, Downy Viburnum rafinesquianum •Hercules’ Club Zanthoxylum clava-herculis

Shrubs •False Indigo, Panicled Amorpha paniculata •Baccharis, Eastern Baccharis halimifolia •Beautyberry, American Callicarpa americana •Tea, New Jersey Ceanothus americanus 3 •Buttonbush, Common Cephalanthus occidentalis •Dogwood, Roughleaf Cornus drummondii •Hawthorn, One- Crataegus uniflora •Forestiera, Privet Forestiera ligustrina •St. Andrew’s Cross Hypericum hypericoides •Crepemyrtle Lagerstroemia indica (e) •Privet, Chinese Ligustrum sinense (e) •Spicebush, Northern Lindera benzoin •Wax-mallow, Drummond’s Malvaviscus drummondii •Aloe, False Manfreda virginica •Wax-myrtle, Evergreen Myrica heterophylla •Pricklypear, Eastern Opuntia humifusa •Pricklypear, Twistspine Opuntia macrorhiza •Pricklypear, Erect Opuntia stricta •Plum, Chickasaw Prunus angustifolia Plum, Prunus gracilis •Azalea, Texas Rhododendron oblongifolium •Sumac, Fragrant Rhus aromatica •Sumac, Smooth Rhus glabra •Skunkbush Rhus trilobata •Rose, Climbing Rosa setigera •Palmetto, Dwarf Sabal minor •Elderberry, Common Sambucus nigra •Coralberry Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Sumac, Poison Toxicodendron vernix •Viburnum, Possumhaw Viburnum nudum •Blackhaw, Rusty Viburnum rufidulum •Yucca, Gulf Coast Yucca louisianensis

Vines •Peppervine Ampelopsis arborea Peppervine, Heartleaf Ampelopsis cordata •Supplejack, Berchemia scandens •Buckwheat Vine, American Brunnichia ovata •Trumpetcreeper Campsis radicans •Treebine, Ivy Cissus incisa •Snailseed, Carolina Cocculus carolinus Jessamine, Carolina Gelsemium sempervirens •Honeysuckle, Japanese Lonicera japonica (e) •Honeysuckle, Trumpet Lonicera sempervirens •Melonette, Drooping Melothria pendula •Creeper, Parthenocissus quinquefolia •Gooseberry, Granite curvatum •Dewberry, Garden Rubus aboriginum Dewberry, Falling Rubus apogaeus •Dewberry, Sawtooth Rubus argutus Dewberry, Northern Rubus flagellaris 4 •Dewberry, Rio Grande Rubus riograndis •Greenbriar, Saw Smilax bona-nox •Greenbriar, Cat Smilax glauca •Greenbriar, Laurel Smilax laurifolia •Greenbriar, Roundleaf Smilax rotundifolia •Greenbriar, Small’s Smilax smallii •Chinaroot Smilax tamnoides •Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans •Grape, Summer Vitis aestivalis •Grape, Graybark Vitis cinerea •Grape, Mustang Vitis mustangensis •Grape, Catbird Vitis palmata •Grape, Muscadine Vitis rotundifolia Grape, Fox Vitis vulpina

Nonwoody (Herbaceous) Plants Grasses Bentgrass, Elliott’s Agrostis elliottiana •Bentgrass, Winter Agrostis hyemalis •Bentgrass, Upland Agrostis perennans •Bentgrass, Rough Agrostis scabra •Hairgrass, Silver Aira caryophyllea (e) •Hairgrass, Annual Silver Aira elegans (e) •Foxtail, Carolina Alopecurus carolinianus •Bluestem, Big Andropogon gerardii •Bluestem, Bushy Andropogon glomeratus •Bluestem, Splitbeard Andropogon ternarius •Bluestem, Broomsedge Andropogon virginicus •Threeawn, Curly Aristida desmantha •Threeawn, Woolysheath Aristida lanosa •Threeawn, Slimspike Aristida longispica •Threeawn, Prairie Aristida oligantha •Threeawn, Purple Aristida purpurea •Threeawn, Arrowfeather Aristida purpurascens •Giant Cane Arundinaria gigantea •Oats, Common Avena sativa (e) •Carpetgrass, Broadleaf Axonopus compressus •Carpetgrass, Common Axonopus fissifolius •Carpetgrass, Big Axonopus furcatus •Bluestem, King Ranch Bothriochloa ischaemum (e) •Bluestem, Silver Bothriochloa laguroides •Grama, Hairy Bouteloua hirsuta •Signalgrass, Broadleaf Brachiaria platyphylla •Signalgrass, Texas Brachiaria texana •Quakinggrass, Little Briza minor (e) •Rescuegrass Bromus catharticus (e) •Brome, Japanese Bromus japonicus (e) 5 •Brome, Hairy Woodland Bromus pubescens •Cheatgrass Bromus tectorum (e) •Sandbur, Coastal Cenchrus incertus •Sandbur, Coastal Cenchrus spinifex •Woodoats, Broadleaf Chasmanthium latifolium •Woodoats, Slender Chasmanthium laxum •Woodoats, Longleaf Chasmanthium sessiliflorum •Windmillgrass, Tumble Chloris verticillata •Woodreed, Stout arundinacea •Jointtail, Carolina Coelorachis cylindrica •Jointweed, Wrinkled Coelorachis rugosa •Bermudagrass Cynodon dactylon (e) •Rosette Grass, Needleleaf Dichanthelium aciculare •Panicgrass, Western Dichanthelium acuminatum •Panicgrass, Cypress Dichanthelium dichotomum •Rosette Grass, Openflower Dichanthelium laxiflorum •Rosette Grass, Scribner’s Dichanthelium oligosanthes •Panicum, Velvet Dichanthelium scorparium •Panicgrass, Roundseed Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon •Crabgrass, Southern Digitaria ciliaris •Crabgrass, Carolina Digitaria cognata (e) •Crabgrass, Slender Digitaria filiformis (e) •Crabgrass, Hairy Digitaria sanguinalis (e) •Crabgrass, Shaggy Digitaria villosa •Barnyardgrass Echinochloa crus-galli (e) •Barnyardgrass, Rough Echinochloa muricata •Cockspur Grass, Coast Echinochloa walteri •Goosegrass Eleusine indica (e) •Wildrye, Canada Elymus canadensis •Wildrye, Virginia Elymus virginicus •Lace Grass Eragrostis capillaris •Stinkgrass Eragrostis cilianensis •Lovegrass, Gummy Eragrostis curtipedicellata •Lovegrass, Weeping Eragrostis curvula (e) •Lovegrass, Teal Eragrostis hypnoides Lovegrass, Plains Eragrostis intermedia •Lovegrass, Indian Eragrostis pilosa •Lovegrass, Coastal Eragrostis refracta •Lovegrass, Red Eragrostis secundiflora •Lovegrass, Purple Eragrostis spectabilis •Lovegrass, Sand Eragrostis trichodes Fescue, Nodding Festuca subverticillata •Skeletongrass, Bearded Gymnopogon ambiguus •Barley, Little Hordeum pusillum (e) •Cutgrass, Clubhead Leersia hexandra •Grass, Catchfly Leersia lenticularis •Cutgrass, Rice Leersia oryzoides 6 •Whitegrass Leersia virginica Sprangletop, Mucronate Leptochloa panicea Ozark Grass Limnodea arkansana •Ryegrass, Perennial Lolium perenne (e) •Melic, Twoflower Melica mutica •Nimblewill schreberi •Basketgrass, Brittle Oplismenus hirtellus •Panicgrass, Beaked Panicum anceps •Panicgrass, Prairie Panicum brachyanthum •Witchgrass Panicum capillare •Panicgrass, Fall Panicum dichotomiflorum Panicgrass, West Indian Panicum diffusum •Maidencane Panicum hemitomon •Panicgrass, Redtop Panicum rigidulum •Panicgrass, Savannah Panicum stenodes •Panicgrass, Warty Panicum verruscosum •Switchgrass Panicum virgatum Paspalum, Pitchfork Paspalum bifidum Paspalum, Bull Paspalum boscianum •Dallisgrass Paspalum dilatatum (e) Paspalum, Mudbank Paspalum dissectum Knotgrass Paspalum distichum •Paspalum, Florida Paspalum floridanum Paspalum, Horsetail Paspalum fluitans •Paspalum, Field Paspalum laeve •Bahiagrass Paspalum notatum (e) •Paspalum, Brownseed Paspalum plicatulum •Paspalum, Early Paspalum praecox •Paspalum, Thin Paspalum setaceum •Vasey’s Grass Paspalum urvillei (e) •Canarygrass, Carolina Phalaris caroliniana •Needlegrass, Blackseed Piptochaetium avenaceum •Bluegrass, Annual Poa annua (e) •Plumegrass, Silver Saccharum alopecuroides •Plumegrass, Shortbeard Saccharum brevibarbe •Plumegrass, Sugarcane Saccharum giganteum •Plumegrass, Narrow Saccharum baldwinii •Cupscale, American Sacciolepis striata •Bluestem, Little Schizachyrium scoparium •Bristlegrass, Marsh Setaria parviflora •Indiangrass, Slender Sorghastrum elliottii •Indiangrass, Yellow Sorghastrum nutans •Johnsongrass Sorghum halepense (e) •Wedgescale, Prairie Sphenopholis obtusata •Dropseed, Composite Sporobolus compositus •Dropseed, Rough Sporobolus clandestinus •Dropseed, Sand Sporobolus cryptandrus 7 •Smut Grass Sporobolus indicus (e) •Dropseed, Pineywoods Sporobolus junceus •Dropseed, Madagascar Sporobolus coromandelianus •Dropseed, Poverty Sporobolus vaginiflorus •Grass, Gaping Steinchisma hians •St. Augustine Grass Stenotaphrum secundatum (e) •Tridens, Lovegrass Tridens eragrostoides •Tridens, Purpletop Tridens flavus •Tridens, Longspike Tridens strictus •Sandgrass, Purple Triplasis purpurea •Gamagrass, Eastern Tripsacum dactyloides •Wheat Triticum aestivum •Signalgrass, Texas Urochloa texana •Fescue, Sixweeks Vulpia octoflora •Fescue, Squirreltail Vulpia sciurea •Cutgrass, Giant Zizaniopsis miliacea

Legumes •Indigobush Amorpha fruticosa •False Indigo, Panicled Amorpha paniculata •Hog Peanut, Southern Amphicarpaea bracteata •Groundnut Apios americana •Milkvetch, Ozark Astragalus distortus •Milkvetch, Rare Loco Astragalus leptocarpus •Milkvetch, Soxman’s Astragulus soxmaniorum •Wild Indigo, Longbract Baptisia bracteata •Wild Indigo, Nuttall’s Baptisia nuttalliana •Pea, Spurred Butterfly Centrosema virginianum •Senna, Prairie (Patridge Pea) Chamaecrista fasciculata •Pea, Sensitive Chamaecrista nictitans •Pigeonwings, Atlantic Clitoria mariana •Rattlebox, Arrowhead Crotalaria sagittalis •Prairie Clover, Slimspike Dalea phleoides •Prairie Clover, Silky Dalea villosa •Bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis •Ticktrefoil, Hairy Small- Desmodium ciliare •Ticktrefoil, Dillenius’ Desmodium glabellum •Ticktrefoil, Smooth Desmodium laevigatum •Ticktrefoil, Stiff Desmodium obtusum •Ticktrefoil, Fewflower Desmodium pauciflorum •Ticktrefoil, Sessileleaf Desmodium sessilifolium •Ticktrefoil, Velvetleaf Desmodium viridiflorum •Coralbean Erythrina herbacea •Milkpea, Eastern Galactia regularis •Milkpea, Downy Galactia volubilis •Bagpod Glottidium vesicarium •Indigo, Western Indigofera miniata 8 •Clover, Japanese Kummerowia striata (e) •Pea Vine, Singletary Lathyrus hirsutus (e) •Pea Vine, Low Lathyrus pusillus •Lespedeza, Roundhead Lespedeza capitata •Lespedeza, Chinese Lespedeza cuneata (e) •Lespedeza, Hairy Lespedeza hirta •Lespedeza, Trailing Lespedeza procumbens •Lespedeza, Creeping Lespedeza repens •Lespedeza, Tall Lespedeza stuevei •Lespedeza, Slender Lespedeza virginiana •Bluebonnet, Texas Lupinus texensis •Medic, Black Medicago lupulina (e) •Medic, Small Medicago minima (e) •Sweetclover, White Melilotis albus (e) •Sweetclover, Annual Yellow Melilotis indicus (e) •Sensitive-briar, Nuttall’s •Puff, Yellow lutea •Snakeroot, Sampson’s Orbexilum pedunculatum •Indian Breadroot, Palmleaf Pediomelum digitatum •Indian Breadroot, Subterranean Pediomelum hypogaeum •Scurfpea, Roundleaf Pediomelum rhombifolium •Pea, Garden Pisum sativum (e) •Snoutbean, Prairie Rhynchosia latifolia •Sesbania, Drummond Sesbania drummondii •Sesbania, Bigpod Sesbania herbacea •Fuzzybean, Slickseed Strophostyles leiosperma •Pencilflower, Sidebeak Stylosanthes biflora •Hoarypea, Multibloom Tephrosia onobrychoides •Tephrosia, Virginia Tephrosia virginiana •Clover, Bejar Trifolium bejariense •Clover, Low Hop Trifolium campestre (e) •Clover, Carolina Trifolium caroliniana •Clover, Crimson Trifolium incarnatum (e) •Clover, White Trifolium repens (e) •Clover, Arrowleaf Trifolium vesiculosum •Vetch, Carolina Vicia caroliniana •Vetch, Vicia ludoviciana •Vetch, Pygmyflower Vicia minutiflora

Forbs — (Composites) •Spotflower, Creeping Acmella oppositifolia •Snakeroot, White Ageratina rugosa •Ragweed, Annual Ambrosia artemisiifolia •Ragweed, Western Ambrosia psilostachya •Ragweed, Giant Ambrosia trifida Broomweed, Texas Amphiachyris amoena Broomweed, Prairie Amphiachyris dracunculoides 9 •Pussytoes, Parlin’s Antennaria parlinii •Chamomile, Stinking Anthemis cotula •Dozedaisy, Aphanostephus skirrhobasis Indian Plantain, Groovestem Arnoglossum plantaginea Sagebrush, White Artemisia ludoviciana •Greeneyes, Texas Berlandiera betonicifolia •Greeneyes, Soft Berlandiera pumila •Beggarticks, Bearded Bidens aristosa •Spanish Needles Bidens bipinnata Beggarticks, Devil’s Bidens frondosa •Beggarticks, Smooth Bidens laevis Daisy, White Doll’s Boltonia asteroides •Boltonia, Smallhead Doll’s Boltonia diffusa •Boneset, False Brickellia eupatorioides •Lawnflower, Prostrate Calyptocarpus vialis •Leastdaisy, Arkansas asteroides •Goldenaster, Soft Chrysopsis pilosa •Thistle, Yellow Cirsium horridulum •Thistle, Texas Cirsium texanum •Mistflower, Blue Conoclinium coelestinum •Horseweed, Canadian Conyza canadensis •Tickseed, Goldenmane basalis •Tickseed, Goldenwave Coreopsis intermedia •Tickseed, Golden Coreopsis tinctoria •Tickseed, Tall Coreopsis tripteris •Scratchdaisy, Slender divaricatum •Scratchdaisy, Hooker’s Croptilon hookerianum •Parasol Whitetop Doellingeria umbellata Coneflower, Clasping Dracopis amplexicaulis •Coneflower, Pale Purple Echinacea pallida •Coneflower, Purple Echinacea sanguinea •Daisy, False Eclipta prostrata •Elephantsfoot, Carolina Elephantopus carolinianus •Elephantsfoot, Hairy Elephantopus tomentosus •Burnweed, American Erechtites hieraciifolia •Fleabane, Philadelphia Erigeron philadelphicus •Fleabane, Oakleaf Erigeron quercifolius •Fleabane, Prairie Erigeron strigosus •Fleabane, Slenderleaf Erigeron tenuis •Dog-fennel Eupatorium capillifolium •Yankeeweed Eupatorium compositifolium •Thoroughwort, Waxy Eupatorium glaucescens •Boneset, Common Eupatorium perfoliatum •Thoroughwort, Roundleaf Eupatorium rotundifolium •Eupatorium, Lateflowering Eupatorium serotinum •Goldentop, Bushy Euthamia leptocephala •Pygmycutweed, Silver Evax candida 10 •Pygmycutweed, Spring Evax verna •Trampweed, Annual Facelis retusa (e) •Boneset, Pink Fleischmannia incarnatum •Blanketflower, Lanceleaf Gaillardia aestivalis •Firewheel Gaillardia pulchella •Everlasting, Narrowleaf Purple Gamochaeta falcata •Everlasting, Gamochaeta pensylvanica •Everlasting, Spoonleaf Purple Gamochaeta purpurea Snakeweed, Texas texana •Sneezeweed, Bitter Helenium amarum •Sunflower, Swamp Helianthus angustifolius •Sunflower, Cucumber Leaf Helianthus debilis •Sunflower, Hairy Helianthus hirsutus •Sunflower, Ashy Helianthus mollis •Camphorweed Heterotheca subaxillaris •Queendevil Hieracium gronovii •Oldplainsman artemisiifolius •Wollywhite, Carrizo Sands Hymenopappus carrizoanus •Wollywhite, Carolina Hymenopappus scabiosaeus •Catsear, Brazilian Hypochaeris brasiliensis (e) •Marshelder, Narrowleaf Iva angustifolia •Dwarf Dandelion, Weedy caespitosa •Dwarf Dandelion, Potato Krigia dandelion •Dwarf Dandelion, Western Krigia occidentalis Dwarf Dandelion, Virginia Krigia virginica •Lettuce, Canada Lactuca canadensis •Lettuce, Woodland Lactuca floridana •Lettuce, Prickly Lactuca serriola •Blazing Star, Pinkscale Liatris elegans Blazing Star, Appalachian Liatris squarrulosa •Blazing Star, Prairie Liatris pycnostachya •Blazing Star, Scaly Liatris squarrosa •Hempvine, Climbing Mikania scandens •Butterweed Packera glabella •Ragwort, Roundleaf Packera obovata Ragwort, Packera tampicana •Palafox, Reverchon’s Palafoxia reverchonii •Palafox, Rosy Palafoxia rosea •Ragweed, False Parthenium hysterophorus •Silkgrass, Narrowleaf Pityopsis graminifolia •Pluchea, Camphor Pluchea camphorata •Camphorweed, Stinking Pluchea foetida •Camphorweed, Sweetscent Pluchea odorata •Camphorweed, Purple Pluchea purpurescens •Camphorweed, Rosy Pluchea rosea •Rabbittobacco Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium •Desert-chicory, Carolina Pyrrhopappus carolinianus 11 Mexicanhat, Naked Ratibida peduncularis •Coneflower, Rough Rudbeckia grandiflora •Blackeyed Susan Rudbeckia hirta •Ragwort, Texas Senecio ampullaceus •Rosinweed, Roughstem Silphium radula •Goldenrod, Boott’s Solidago arguta •Goldenrod, Canada Solidago canadensis •Goldenrod, Giant Solidago gigantea •Goldenrod, Oldfield Solidago nemoralis •Goldenrod, Anisescented Solidago odora •Goldenrod, Downy Ragged Solidago petiolaris •Goldenrod, Rough Solidago radula •Goldenrod, Wrinkleleaf Solidago rugosa •Goldenrod, Elmleaf Solidago ulmifolia •Burweed, Button Soliva mutisii •Burweed, Field Soliva sessilis Sowthistle, Spiny Sonchus asper •Sowthistle, Common Sonchus oleraceus (e) •Aster, Texas Symphyotrichum drummondii •Aster, Bushy Symphyotrichum dumosum •Aster, White Heath Symphyotrichum ericoides •Aster, Slim Symphyotrichum eulae •Aster, Symphyotrichum lateriflorus •Aster, Late Purple Symphyotrichum patens •Aster, Purplestem Symphyotrichum puniceum •Aster, Silky Symphyotrichum serviceum •Aster, Umbrella Symphyotrichum umbellatus •Dandelion, Common Taraxacum officinale (e) •Nerveray, Louisiana Tetragonotheca ludoviciana •Greenthread, Stiff Thelesperma filifolium •Daisy, Cowpen Verbesina encelioides •Crownbeard, Gravelweed Verbesina helianthoides •Frostweed Verbesina virginica •Ironweed, Baldwin’s Vernonia baldwinii •Ironweed, Giant Vernonia gigantea Ironweed, Plains Vernonia marginata •Ironweed, Vernonia missurica •Ironweed, Texas Vernonia texana •Cocklebur, Canada Xanthium strumarium

Forbs — (Other than Composites) •Copperleaf, Slender Acalypha gracilens •Copperleaf, Slender One-seed Acalypha monococca •Copperleaf, Hop-hornbeam Acalypha ostryifolia •Gerardia, Prairie Agalinis heterophylla •Gerardia, Purple Agalinis purpurea •Groovebur, Woodland Agrimonia rostellata 12 •Colicroot, Golden Aletris aurea •Garlic, Meadow Allium canadense •Onion, Drummond’s Allium drummondii •Pleatleaf, Purple Alophia drummondii •Amaranth, Green Amaranthus blitum (e) •Pigweed, Spring Amaranthus spinosus (e) •Redstem, Valley Ammannia coccinea •Anemone, Carolina Anemone caroliniana •Hemp, Indian Apocynum cannabinum •Sicklepod Arabis canadensis •Sandwort, Drummond’s Arenaria drummondii •Sandwort, Thymeleaf Arenaria serpyllifolia (e) •Pricklepoppy, Bluestem Argemone albiflora •Pricklepoppy, Crested Argemone polyanthemos •Jack in the Pulpit Arisaema triphyllum •Dutchman’s Pipe, Texas Aristolochia reticulata •Milkweed, Clasping Asclepias amplexicaulis •Milkweed, Pineland Asclepias obovata •Milkweed, Red Asclepias rubra •Milkweed, Tuba Asclepias tomentosa •Milkweed, Butterfly Asclepias tuberosa •Milkweed, Whorled Asclepias verticillata Milkweed, Green Comet Asclepias virdiflora •Spleenwort, Ebony Asplenium platyneuron •Foxglove, False Aureolaria grandiflora •Lineseed, Mediterranean Bellardia trixago (e) •Brazosmint, Bluntsepal Brazoria truncata •Gromwell, Corn Buglossoides arvensis (e) •Hairsedge, Densetuft Bulbostylis capillaris •Hairsedge, Capillary Bulbostylis ciliatiofolia •Poppymallow, Purple Callirhoe involucrata •Poppymallow Callirhoe papaver •Shephard’s Purse Capsella bursa-pastoris (e) •Bittercress, Sand Cardamine parviflora •Bittercress Cardamine pensylvanica •Balloonvine, Common Cardiospermum halicacabum •Indian Paintbrush, Entireleaf Castilleja indivisa •Chickweed, Shortstalk Cerastium brachypodum •Chickweed, Sticky Cerastium glomeratum (e) •Sandmat, Dixie Chamaesyce bombensis •Euphorbia, Heartleaf Chamaesyce cordifolia •Sandmat, Spotted Chamaesyce maculata •Sandmat, Prairie Chamaesyce missurica •Euphorbia, Prostrate Chamaesyce prostrata •Lambsquarters Chenopodium album (e) •Mexican-tea Chenopodium ambrosioides (e) •Springbeauty, Virginia Claytonia virginica 13 •Clematis, Netleaf Clematis reticulata •Clematis, Many Color Clematis versicolor •Bullnettle, Texas Cnidoscolus texanus •Dayflower, Whitemouth Commelina erecta •Dogflower, Virginia Commelina virginica •Coralroot, Spring Corallorhiza wisteriana •Scrambled Eggs, Southern Corydalis micrantha •Croton, Healing Croton argyranthemus •Croton, Woolly Croton capitatus •Croton, Tropic Croton glandulosus •Croton, Threeseed Croton lindheimerianus •Croton, Michaux’s Croton michauxii •Croton, Oneseed Croton monanthogynus •Croton, Willdenow’s Croton willdenowii •Dodder, Compact Cuscuta compacta •Dodder, Cusp Cuscuta cuspidata Dodder, Peruvian Cuscuta obtusiflora •Flatsedge, Illinois Cyperus grayoides •Flatsedge, Bristly Cyperus hystricinus •Bladderfern, Brittle Cystopteris fragilis •Carrot, Wild Daucus carota •Carrot, American Wild Daucus pusillus •Larkspur, Carolina Delphinium carolinianum •Larkspur, Organ Mountain Delphinium woontonii •Tansymustard, Western Descurainia pinnata •Ponysfoot, Carolina Dichondra carolinensis •Poorjoe Diodia teres •Buttonweed, Virginia Diodia virginiana •Draba, Shortpod Draba brachycarpa •Sundew, Drawf Drosera brevifolia •Sundew, Pink Drosera capillaris •Sundew, Spoonleaf Drosera intermedia •Mock Strawberry, Indian Duchesnea indica (e) •Pipewort, Tenangle Eriocaulon decangulare •Pipewort, Texas Eriocaulon texensis •Buckwheat, Annual Eriogonum annuum •Buckwheat, Longleaf Eriogonum longifolium •Buckwheat, Heartsepal Eriogonum multiflorum •Eryngo, Simpleleaf Eryngium integrifolium •Eryngo, Button Eryngium yuccifolium •Spurge, Flowering Euphorbia corollata •Poinsettia Wild Euphorbia cyathophora •Spurge, Toothed Euphorbia dentata •Spurge, Warty Euphorbia spathulata •Evolvulus, Silky Evolvulus sericeus •Snakecotton, Drummond’s Froelichia drummondii •Snakecotton, Plains Froelichia floridana 14 •Snakecotton, Slender Froelichia gracilis •Bedstraw, Catchweed aparine •Bedstraw, Licorice Galium circaezans •Bedstraw, Bluntleaf Galium obtusum •Bedstraw, Hairy Galium pilosum •Harvestbells Gentiana saponaria •Geranium, Carolina Geranium carolinianum •Avens, White Geum canadense •Vervain, Dakota Mock Glandularia bipinnatifida •Vervain, Rose Mock Glandularia canadensis •Bluet, Tiny pusilla •Mock Pennyroyal, Rough Hedeoma hispida Diamondflowers nigricans •Sun-rose, Carolina Helianthemum carolinianum •Sun-rose, Helianthemum georgianum •Sun-rose, Rosemary Helianthemum rosmarinifolium •Heliotrope, Indian Heliotropium indicum •Daylily, Yellow Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus •Prairie Nymph Herbertia lahue •Nits and Lice Hypericum drummondii •Goldstar, Common Hypoxis hirsuta •Morning-glory, Cotton cordatotriloba •Morning-glory, Pitted •Morning-glory, Bigroot •Standing-cypress Ipomopsis rubra •Krameria, Trailing Krameria lanceolata •Henbit Lamium amplexicaule (e) •Pinweed, Hairy Lechea mucronata •Pinweed, Narrowleaf Lechea tenuifolia •Pepperweed, Southern Lepidium austrinum Pepperweed, Common Lepidium densiflorum •Pepperweed, Virginia Lepidium virginicum •Petiteplant Lepuropetalon spathulatum •False Pimpernel, Yellowseed Lindernia dubia •Flax, Berlandier’s Yellow Linum berlandieri •Flax, Stiff Yellow Linum medium •Flax, Rigid Yellow Linum striatum •Puccoon, Carolina Lithospermum carolinense •Stoneseed, Narrowleaf Lithospermum incisum •Lobelia, Pale Lobelia appendiculata •Cardinalflower Lobelia cardinalis •Lobelia, Downy Lobelia puberula •Lobelia, Downy Lobelia reverchonii •Pygmyleaf, Spreading Loeflingia squarrosa •Woodrush, Bulb Luzula bulbosa •Milkvine, Prairie Matelea cynanchoides •Climbing-Milkweed Matelea decipiens 15 •Anglepod Matelea gonocarpos •Mentzelia, Bractless Mentzelia nuda •Stitchwort, Drummond’s Minuartia drummondii •Stitchwort, Pitcher’s Minuartia patula •Four O’Clock, White Mirabilis albida •Partridgeberry Mitchella repens •Modiola, Carolina Modiola caroliniana •Carpetweed, Green Mollugo verticillata •Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa Beebalm, Lindheimer’s Monarda lindheimeri •Beebalm, Spotted Monarda punctata •Grape Hyacinth, Starch Muscari neglectum (e) •Forget-Me-Not, Largeseed Myosotis macrosperma •Forget-Me-Not, Spring Myosotis verna •Mousetail, Tiny Myosurus minimus •Nama, Rough Nama hispidum •Jonquilla Narcissus jonquilla (e) •Pleatleaf, Prairie Nemastylis geminiflora •Baby Blue-eyes, Largeflower Nemophila phacelioides •Crowpoison Nothoscordum bivalve •Toadflax, Canada Nuttallanthus canadensis •Evening-Primrose, Hooker’s Oenothera elata •Evening-Primrose, Showy Oenothera grandis •Evening-Primrose, Varileaf Oenothera heterophylla •Evening-Primrose, Cutleaf Oenothera laciniata •Evening-Primrose, Threadleaf Oenothera linifolia •Evening-Primrose, Fourpoint Oenothera rhombipetala •Evening-Primrose, Spach’s Oenothera spachiana •Evening-Primrose, Showy Oenothera speciosa •Bluet, Oneflower Oldenlandia uniflora •Woodsorrel, Texas Oxalis lyoni •Woodsorrel, Common Yellow Oxalis stricta •Woodsorrel, Violet Oxalis violacea •Pellitory, Pennsylvania Parietaria pensylvanica •Nailwort, Drummond’s Paronychia drummondii •Passionflower, Purple Passiflora incarnata •Passionflower, Yellow Passiflora lutea •Beardtongue Penstemon australis •Penstemon, Smooth Penstemon digitalis •Penstemon, Cupleaf Penstemon murrayanus •Phacelia, Hairy Phacelia hirsuta •Phacelia, Prairie Phacelia strictiflora Phlox, Pointed Phlox cuspidata •Phlox, Annual Phlox drummondii •Phlox, Downy Phlox pilosa •Mistletoe, Christmas Phoradendron tomentosum •Leaf-flower, Carolina Phyllanthus caroliniensis 16 Groundcherry, Cutleaf Physalis angulata •Groundcherry, Smallflower Physalis cinerascens •Groundcherry, Clammy Physalis heterophylla •Groundcherry, Field Physalis mollis Husk Tomato Physalis pubescens •Groundcherry, Virginia Physalis virginiana •Pokeweed, American Phytolacca americana •Plantain, Largebracted Plantago aristata •Plantain, Hooker’s Plantago hookeriana •Plantain, Simplespike Plantago hybrida •Plantain, Woolly Plantago patagonica •Plantain, Redseed Plantago rhodosperma •Plantain, Virginia Plantago virginica •Fern, Resurrection Pleopeltis polypodioides •Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum •Clammyweed, Redwhisker Polanisia dodecandra •Clammyweed, Large Polanisia erosa Milkwort, White Polygala alba •Milkwort, Pink Polygala incarnata •Milkwort, Polygala mariana •Milkwort, Blood Polygala sanguinea •Milkwort, Whorled Polygala verticillata •Jointweed, Southern Polygonella americana •Knotweed, Pleatleaf Polygonum tenue •Juniper Leaf Polypremum procumbens •Parsley, Nuttall’s Prairie Polytaenia nuttallii •Parsley, Texas Prairie Polytaenia texana •Indian-Physic Porteranthus stipulatus •Purslane, Common Portulaca oleracea •Purslane, Wingpod Portulaca umbraticola •Cinquefoil, Oldfield Potentilla simplex •Selfheal, Common Prunella vulgaris •Brackenfern, Western Pteridium aquilinum Mountainmint, Whiteleaf Pycnanthemum albescens •Mountainmint, Narrowleaf Pycnanthemum tenuifolium •Meadow Beauty, Maryland Rhexia mariana •Meadow Beauty, Common Rhexia virginica •Sandmint, Texas Rhododon ciliatus •Ruellia, Small-flowered Ruellia caroliniensis •Wild Petunia, Fringeleaf Ruellia humilis Wild Petunia, Stalked Ruellia pedunculata •Sorrel, Heartwing Rumex hastatulus •Rose-Gentian, Squarestem Sabatia angularis •Rose-Gentian, Slender Sabatia campanulata •Texas Star Sabatia campestris •Rose-Gentian, Pinewoods Sabatia gentianoides •Pearlwort, Trailing Sagina decumbens 17 •Sage, Blue Salvia azurea •Sage, Lyreleaf Salvia lyrata •Blacksnakeroot, Canadian Sanicula canadensis •Saxifrage, Texas Saxifraga texana •Skullcap, Gulf Scutellaria cardiophylla Skullcap, Drummond’s Scutellaria drummondii •Helmet Flower Scutellaria integrifolia •Skullcap, Small Scutellaria parvula •Stonecrop, Yellow Sedum nuttallianum •Spikemoss, Riddell’s Selaginella arenicola •Sherard Sherardia arvensis (e) •Sida, Arrowleaf Sida rhombifolia (e) •Catchfly, Sleepy Silene antirrhina •Catchfly, Forked Silene gallica (e) •Blue-eyed Grass, White Sisymbrium albidum •Hedge-mustard Sisymbrium officinale (e) •Hedge Mustard Sisymbrium officinale (e) Blue-eyed Grass, Narrowleaf Sisyrinchium angustifolium •Blue-eyed Grass, Prairie Sisyrinchium campestre •Blue-eyed Grass, Roadside Sisyrinchium langloisii •Blue-eyed Grass, Spearbract Sisyrinchium sagittiferum •Horsenettle, Carolina Solanum carolinense •Horse Nettle, Western Solanum dimidiatum •Nightshade, Silverleaf Solanum elaeagnifolium •Buffalobur, Nightshade Solanum rostratum Buttonweed, Smooth False glabra •Ladies’-Tresses, Northern Slender Spiranthes lacera •Betony, Shade Stachys crenata •Featherbells, Eastern Stenanthium gramineum •Starwort, Chickweed Stellaria media (e) •Bluet, Fineleaf Stenaria nigricans •Queen’s-Delight Stillingia sylvatica •Jewelflower, Smooth Streptanthus hyacinthoides •Jewelflower, Clasping Streptanthus maculatus •Dawnflower, Pickering’s Stylisma pickeringii Sunbright Talinum parviflorum •Flameflower, Prairie Talinum rugospermum •Germander, Canada Teucrium canadense •Spanish-moss Tillandsia usneoides •Spiderwort, Hairyflower Tradescantia hirsutiflora Spiderwort, Texas Tradescantia humilis Spiderwort, Prairie Tradescantia occidentalis Spiderwort, Ohio Tradescantia ohiensis •Spiderwort, Reverchon’s Tradescantia reverchonii •Spiderwort, Stemless Tradescantia subacaulis •Noseburn, Shortspike Tragia brevispica •Noseburn, Branched Tragia ramosa 18 •Noseburn, Nettleleaf Tragia urticaefolia •Goathead Tribulus terrestris (e) •Bluecurls, Forked Trichostema dichotomum •Bluecurls, Narrowleaf Trichostema setaceum •Venus’ Looking-Glass, Clasping Triodanis perfoliata Venus’ Looking-Glass, Texas Triodanis texana •Nettle, Heartleaf Urtica chamaedryoides •Cornsalad, Beaked Valerianella radiata •Mullein, Common Verbascum thapsus (e) •Vervain, Brazilian Verbena brasiliensis (e) •Vervain, Slender Verbena halei •Speedwell, Common Veronica arvensis (e) •Violet, Sand Viola affinis •Violet, Bog White Viola lanceolata •Violet, Arrowleaf Viola sagittata •Violet, Common Blue Viola sororia •Violet, Carolina Viola villosa •Cliff Fern, Bluntlobe Woodsia obtusa

Aquatic and Wetland Plants Shoreline Waterplantain, American Alisma plantago-aquatica Chaff Flower, Mat Alternanthera caracasana •Waterhyssop, Blue Bacopa caroliniana •Waterhyssop, Coastal Bacopa monnieri •Waterhyssop, Disc Bacopa rotundifolia •Sedge, Prickly Bog Carex atlantica •Sedge, Southern Waxy Carex glaucescens •Sedge, Cypress Swamp Carex joorii •Sedge, Long’s Carex longii •Spadeleaf Centella asiatica •Flatsedge, Fragrant Cyperus odoratus •Loosestrife, Swamp Decodon verticillatus •Water-purslane Didiplis diandra •Burrhead, Creeping Echinodorus cordifolius •Hedge-hyssop, Yellowseed Gratiola neglecta •Marshpennywort, Manyflower Hydrocotyle umbellata •Marshpennywort, Whorled Hydrocotyle verticillata •False Fiddleleaf, Ovate Hydrolea ovata False Fiddleleaf, Oneflower Hydrolea uniflora •Acanthus, Lake Hygrophila lacustris Spiderlily, Carolina Hymenocallis caroliniana •Spider-lily, Late Hymenocallis eulae •Spiderlily, Spring Hymenocallis liriosme •Rush, Torrey’s Juncus torreyi Water-willow, American Justicia americana •Water-willow, Looseflower Justicia ovata 19 •Water Horehound, Taperfleaf Lycopus rubellus Lythrum, Winged Lythrum alatum •Pepperwort, Narrowleaf Marsilea vestita •Bluet, Bosc’s Oldenlandia boscii •Arrow Arum, Green Peltandra virginica •Ditch Stonecrop Penthorum sedoides •Frogfruit, Lanceleaf Phyla lanceolata •Clearweed, Canadian Pilea pumila Knotweed, Water Polygonum amphibium •Knotweed, Prostate Polygonum aviculare (e) •Smartweed, Denseflower Polygonum densiflorum •Smartweed, Swamp Polygonum hydropiperoides Smartweed, Curlytop Polygonum lapathifolium •Smartweed, Pennsylvania Polygonum pensylvanicum Ladysthumb, Spotted Polygonum persicaria (e) •Smartweed, Dotted Polygonum punctatum Knotweed, Bushy Polygonum ramosissimum •Arrowleaf, Tearthumb Polygonum sagittatum False Buckwheat, Climbing Polygonum scandens Smartweed, Bog Polygonum setaceum •Buttercup, Ranunculus laxicaulis •Spearwort, Low Ranunculus pusillus •Beakrush, Shortbristle Horned Rhynchospora corniculata •Marchcress, Bog Rorippa palustris •Brookweed, Thinleaf Samolus valerandi •Lizard’s Tail Saururus cernuus Hemlock, Waterparsnip Sium suave Jumpseed Tovara virginiana •Bladderwort, Rush Utricularia juncea

Emergent •Hedgehyssop, Sticky Gratiola brevifolia •Hedgehyssop, Shaggy Gratiola pilosa •Hedgehyssop, Roundfruit Gratiola virginiana •Bulrush, Keeled Isolepis carinata •Bulrush, Gulf Coast Isolepis molesta •Lotus, American Nelumbo lutea •Pond-lily, Yellow Nuphar lutea •Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata •Yellowcress, Stalkless Rorippa sessiliflora Yellowcress, Southern Marsh Rorippa teres Arrowhead, Grassy Sagittaria graminea •Arrowhead, Broadleaf Sagittaria latifolia Arrowhead, Nipplebract Sagittaria papillosa •Arrowhead, Delta Sagittaria platyphylla Threesquare, Chairmaker’s Schoenoplectus americanus Bulrush, California Schoenoplectus californicus 20 •Woolgrass Scirpus cyperinus Threesquare, Common Schenoplectus pungens Bulrush, Softstem Scirpus tabernaemontani Nutrush, Fringed Scleria ciliata Nutrush, Littlehead Scleria oligantha •Nutrush, Whip Scleria triglomerata •Bur-Reed, American Sparganium americanum Bur-Reed, Branched Sparganium androcladum •Powdery Alligator Flag Thalia dealbata •Cattail, Southern Typha domingensis •Cattail, Broadleaf Typha latifolia •Neckweed Veronica peregrina

Floating •Mosquito Fern Azolla caroliniana •Watershield Brasenia schreberi •Marshpennywort, Floating Hydrocotyle ranunculoides Duckweed, Lesser Lemna aequinoctialis •Duckweed, Least Lemna minuta •Duckweed, Common Lemna minor •Duckweed, Little Lemna obscura Duckweed, Valdivia Lemna valdiviana Spongeplant, American Limnobium spongia •Seedbox Ludwigia alternifolia •Primrose-willow, Wingleaf Ludwigia decurrens •Primrose-willow, Cylindricfruit Ludwigia glandulosa •Primrose-willow, Narrow-leaf Ludwigia linearis Primrose-willow, Mexican Ludwigia octovalvis •Water-Primrose, Smooth Ludwigia peploides •Water-Primrose, Roundleaf Ludwigia repens •Primrose-willow, Globefruit Ludwigia sphaerocarpa •Clubmoss, Southern Bog Lycopodiella appressa •Waterlily, American White Nymphaea odorata •Pondweed, Waterthread Potamogeton diversifolius •Pondweed, Longleaf Potamogeton nodosus Pondweed, Spotted Potamogeton pulcher •Duckmeat, Common Spirodela polyrrhiza •Watermeal, Brazilian Wolffia brasiliensis •Watermeal, Columbia Wolffia columbiana

Submerged Fanwort, Carolina Cabomba caroliniana •Water-Starwort, Bolander’s Callitriche heterophylla •Coon’s Tail Ceratophyllum demersum Hornwort, Prickly Ceratophyllum muricatum •Waterweed, Brazilian Egeria densa (e) •Mudplantain, Grassleaf Heteranthera dubia 21 Mudplantain, Blue Heteranthera limosa •Seedbox, Marsh Ludwigia palustris •Watermilfoil, Parrot Feather Myriophyllum aquaticum (e) •Watermilfoil, Changeleaf Myriophyllum heterophyllum Watermilfoil, Cutleaf Myriophyllum pinnatum Waternymph, Southern Najas guadalupensis •Pondweed, Leafy Potamogeton foliosus Pondweed, Small Potamogeton pusillus •Mermaidweed, Marsh Proserpinaca palustris •Bladderwort, Horned Utricularia cornuta •Bladderwort, Humped Utricularia gibba •Bladderwort, Swollen Utricularia inflata •Bladderwort, Common Utricularia macrorhiza Bladderwort, Little Floating Utricularia radiata

Moist Soil Sites (Other than S1horeline) •Sweetflag, Drug Acornus americana (e) •Gerardia, Beach Agalinis fasciculata •Ammania, Earleaf Ammania auriculata •Slimpod, Willow Amsonia tabernaemontana •Pimpernel, Scarlet Anagallis arvensis (e) •Pimpernel, False Anagallis minima (e) •Green-dragon Arisaema dracontium •Lady Fern, Common Athyrium filix-femina •False Nettle, Smallspike Boehmeria cylindrica •Grapefern, Cutleaved Botrychium biteratum •Grapefern, Winter Botrychium lumarioides •Fern, Rattlesnake Botrychium virginianum •, Cap Burmannia capitata Water-Starwort, Nuttall’s Callitriche pedunculosa Water-Starwort, Matted Callitriche peploides Water-Starwort, Terrestrial Callitriche terrestris Water-Starwort, Vernal Callitriche palustris •Sedge, Green White Carex albolutescens •Sedge, Eastern Woodland Carex blanda •Sedge, Carolina Carex caroliniana •Sedge, Davis’ Carex davisii •Sedge, White Edge Carex debilis •Sedge, Thinfruit Carex flaccosperma •Sedge, Frank’s Carex frankii •Sedge, Greater Bladder Carex intumescens •Sedge, Narrowleaf Carex leavenworthii •Sedge, Bristlystalked Carex leptalea •Sedge, Long’s Carex longii •Sedge, Louisiana Carex louisianica •Sedge, Hop Carex lupulina •Sedge, Sallow Carex lurida 22 •Sedge, Muhlenberg’s Carex muehlenbergii •Sedge, Oklahoma Carex oklahomensis •Sedge, Sharpscale Carex oxylepis •Sedge, Reflexed Carex retroflexa •Sedge, Upright Carex stricta •Sedge, Fox Carex vulpinoidea •Chervil Chaerophyllum tainturieri •Hemlock, Water Cicuta maculata •Clematis, Curly Clematis crispa •Cebolleta Cooperia drummondii •Swamp-lily, Southern Crinum americanum •Celery, Slimlobe Cyclospermum leptophyllum •Flatsedge, Globe Cyperus echinatus •Flatsedge, Redroot Cyperus erythrorhizos •Flatsedge, Chufa Cyperus esculentus •Flatsedge, Haspan Cyperus haspan Flatsedge (no specific common name) Cyperus hermaphrodictus •Flatsedge, Plukenet’s Cyperus plukenetii Flatsedge, Texas Cyperus polystachyos •Flatsedge, Oneflower Cyperus retroflexus •Flatsedge, Pine Barren Cyperus retrorsus •Flatsedge, Green Cyperus virens •Mint, False Dicliptera brachiata •Yam, Fourleaf Dioscorea quaternata •Spikesedge, Jointed Eleocharis equisetoides •Spikerush, Blunt Eleocharis obtusa •Spikerush, Pale Eleocharis olivacea •Spikerush, Squarestem Eleocharis quadrangulata •Spikerush, Twisted Eleocharis tortilis •Spikerush, Viviparous Eleocharis vivipara •Horsetail, Scouringrush Equisetum hyemale •Pipewort, Smallhead Eriocaulon koenickianum •Erygo, Creeping Eryngium prostratum •Dog-tooth-violet, White Erythronium albidum •Fimbry, Slender Fimbristylis autumnalis Fimbry, Grasslike Fimbristylis miliacea Fimbry, Vahl’s Fimbristylis vahlii •Bedstraw, Dye Galium tinctorium •Rosemallow, Halberdleaf Hibiscus laevis •Rosemallow, Crimsoneyed Hibiscus moscheutos •St. Peterswort Hypericum crux-andreae •St. Johnswort, Dwarf Hypericum mutilum •St. Johnswort, Early Hypericum nudiflorum St. Johnswort, Spotted Hypericum punctatum •Bloodleaf, Rootstock Iresine rhizomatosa •Iris, Dixie Iris hexagona •Iris, Virginia Iris virginica 23 •Rush, Toad Juncus bufonius •Rush, Capped Juncus capitans •Rush, Leathery Juncus coriaceus Rush, Forked Juncus dichotomus •Rush, Slimpod Juncus diffusissimus •Rush, Common Juncus effusus •Rush, Inland Juncus interior •Rush, Grassleaf Juncus marginatus •Rush, Lesser Creeping Juncus repens •Rush, Needlepod Juncus scirpoides Rush, Poverty Juncus tenuis •Rush, Redpod Juncus trigonocarpus •Rush, Roundhead Juncus validus •Conobea, Narrowleaf Leucospora multifida •Dogshade, Prairie Limnosciadium pumilum •False Pimpernel, Clasping Lindernia dubia •Spindleroot Ludwigia hirtella •Clubmoss, Southern Bog Lycopodiella appressa •Bogmoss, Stream Mayaca fluviatilis •Mecardonia, Purple Mecardonia acuminata •Bunchflower Melanthium virginicum •Shade Mudflower Micranthemum umbrosum •Monkey Flower, Sharpwing Mimulus alatus •Hornpod, Wand Mitreola sessilifolia •Fern, Sensitive Onoclea sensibilis •Adder’s-tongue, Bulbous Ophioglossum crotalophoroides •Adder’s-tongue, Common Ophioglossum vulgatum •Fern, Cinnamon Osmunda cinnamomea •Fern, Royal Osmunda regalis •Cowbane, Stiff Oxypolis rigidior •Beefsteak- Perilla frutescens (e) •Lopseed Phryma leptocaulis False Dragonhead, Narrowleaf Physostegia angustifolia False Dragonhead, Finger Physostegia digitalis False Dragonhead, Slender Physostegia intermedia False Dragonhead, Showy Physostegia pulchella •Lionsheart, Late Physostegia virginiana •Milkwort, Slender Polygala leptocaulis •Milkwort, Bitter Polygala polygama •Fern, Christmas Polystichum acrostichoides •Clubmoss, Slender Pseudolycopodiella caroliniana •Mock Bishopweed, Threadleaf Ptilimnium capillaceum •Mock Bishopweed, Ribbed Ptilimnium costatum •Laceflower Ptilimnium nuttallii Buttercup, Littleleaf Ranunculus abortivus •Buttercup, Early Ranunculus fascicularis Buttercup, Bristly Ranunculus hispidus 24 •Buttercup, Mississippi Ranunculus laxicaulis Buttercup, Large Ranunculus macranthus Buttercup, Spinyfruit Ranunculus muricatus •Buttercup, Smallflower Ranunculus parviflorus •Beakrush, Anglestem Rhynchospora caduca •Beakrush, Bunched Rhynchospora cephalantha •Beakrush, Globe Rhynchospora globularis •Beakrush, Clustered Rhynchospora glomerata Beakrush, Elliott’s Rhynchospora elliottii •Beakrush, Longbeak Rhynchospora scirpoides •Toothcup Rotala ramosior Dock, Pale Rumex altissimus •Amnastla Rumex chrysocarpus •Dock, Curly Rumex crispus •Dock, Fiddle Rumex pulcher Dock, Swamp Rumex verticillatus •Nutrush, Netted Scleria reticularis •Spike-moss, Meadow Selaginella apoda •Blue-eyed Grass, Spreading Sisyrinchium rosulatum •Scaleseed, Roughfruit Spermolepis divaricata •Ladies’ Tresses, Nodding Spiranthes cernua •Ladies’ Tresses, Slender Spiranthes laciniata •Dogbane, Climbing Trachelospermum difforme •Marsh Fern, Eastern Thelypteris palustris •St. Johnswort, Virginia Marsh Triadenum virginicum •St. Johnswort, Greater Marsh Triadenum walteri •Cornsalad, Wood’s Valerianella woodsiana •Speedwell, Corn Veronica arvensis (e) •Speedwell, Purslane Veronica peregrina •Violet, Bayou Viola langlossii •Violet, Primrose Viola primulifolia •Chainfern, Narrowleaf Woodwardia aerolata •Chainfern, Virginia Woodwardia virginica •Alexanders, Golden Zizia aurea

Bogs •Screwstem Bartonia paniculata •Grasspink, Tuberous Calopogon tuberosus *•Thistle, Swamp Cirsium muticum •Saw-grass, Smooth Cladium mariscoides •Saw-grass, Swamp Cladium mariscus Flatsedge, Strawcolored Cyperus strigosus •Umbrella-grass, Hairy Fuirena squarrosa •Bog Orchid, Waterspider Habenaria repens St. Johnswort, Claspingleaf Hypericum gymnanthum •Orchid, Yellowfringed Platanthera ciliaris Orchid, Crested Yellow Platanthera cristata 25 •Orchid, Snakemouth Pogonia ophioglossoides •Milkwort, Marsh Polygala cruciata •Beakrush, Loosehead Rhynchospora chalarocephala •Beakrush, Slender Rhynchospora gracilenta •Beakrush, Large Rhynchospora macra •Beakrush, Featherbristle Rhynchospora oligantha •Beakrush, Thread Rhynchospora rariflora •Beakrush, Coastal Plain Rhynchospora stenophylla •Yellow Trumpets Sarracenia alata •Sphagnum, Magellan’s Sphagnum magellanicum •Yelloweyed Grass, Coastalplain Xyris ambigua •Yelloweyed Grass, Baldwin’s Xyris baldwiniana Yelloweyed Grass, Carolina Xyris caroliniana •Yelloweyed Grass, Southern Xyris diformis •Yelloweyed Grass, Irisleaf Xyris laxifolia •Yelloweyed Grass, Richard’s Xyris jupicai •Yelloweyed Grass, Rough Xyris scabrifolia •Yelloweyed Grass, Slender Xyris torta *•Deathcamus, Black Zigadenus densus

REFERENCES

Correll, D.S. 1956. Ferns and fern allies of Texas. Texas Research Foundation. Renner, Texas. 188 pp. Correll, D.S. and H.B. Correll. 1972. Aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern . Environmental Protection Agency, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. 1,777 pp. Correll, D.S. and M.C. Johnston. 1970. Manual of vascular plants of Texas. Texas Research Foundation. Renner, Texas. 1,881 pp. Cox, P.W. and P. Leslie. 1988. Texas trees: a friendly guide. Corona Publishing Co., San Antonio. 374 pp. Diggs, G.M., B.L. Limpscomb, and R.J. O’Kennon. 1999. Shinners and Mahler’s illustrated flora of north central Texas. Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Fort Worth, Texas. 1626 pp. Duncan, W.H. 1975. Woody vines of the southeastern United States. University of Georgia Press. 76 pp. Elias, T.S. 1980. The complete trees of : field guide and natural history. Outdoor Life/Nature Books: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. 948 pp. Fassett, N.C. 1966. A manual of aquatic plants. University of Wisconsin Press. 405 pp. Gould, F.W. 1975. The grasses of Texas. Texas A&M University Press, College Station. 653 pp. Gould, F.W. 1978. Common Texas grasses: an illustrated guide. Texas A&M University Press, College Station. 267 pp.

26 Hatch, S.L., K.N. Gandhi, and L.E. Brown. 1990. Checklist of the vascular plants of Texas. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University. College Station. MP-1655. 158 pp. Hatch, S.L. ([email protected]) and H.D. Wilson ([email protected]). 2002. Digital Flora of Texas (http://www.texasflora.org). Jones, S.D., J.K. Wipff, and P.M. Montgomery. 1997. Vascular plants of Texas: a comprehensive checklist including synonymy, bibliography, and index. Uni­ versity of Texas Press, Austin, Texas. 404 pp. Kricher, J.C. and G. Morrison. 1988. A field guide to eastern forests. Houghton Mifflin Co. 368 pp. Mahler, W.F. 1984. Shinner’s manual of the north central Texas fora. Southern Methodist University Herbarium. Dallas, Texas. 360 pp. Niehaus, T.F., C.L. Ripper, and V. Savage, 1984. A field guide to southwestern and Texas wildflowers. Houghton Mifflin Co. 449 pp. Nixon, E.S. and B.L. Cunningham. 1985. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of east Texas. B.L. Cunningham Productions, Nacogdoches, Texas. 240 pp. Nixon, E.S. and J.G. Kell. 1993. Ferns and herbaceous flowering plants of east Texas. Unpublished manuscript, Nacogdoches, Texas. 455 pp. Petrides, G.A. 1988. A field guide to eastern trees. Houghton Mufflin Co. 272 pp. Simpson, B.J. 1988. A field guide to Texas trees. Texas Monthly Press, Austin. 372 pp. Singhurst, J.R., J.C. Cathy, D. Prochaska, H. Haucke, G.C. Kroh, and W.C. Holmes. 2003. The vascular flora of Gus A. Engeling Wildlife Management Area. Southeastern Naturalist 2(3):347-368. Teer, J.G. 1951. Vegetation of the Derden [Engeling] Wildlife Management Area. Job Completion Report, Texas Game and Fish Commission. Project No. W-52-R, Job IV. November 16, 1950–November 15, 1951. 34 pp. plus map. USDA, NRCS. 2004. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. Veteto, G.H., C.E. Davis, R.V. Hart, and L.N. Lodwick. 1976. A tentative checklist of the vegetation of the Gus A. Engeling Wildlife Management Area and Anderson County, Texas. Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept., Pittman-Robertson Project, Texas W-54-D and W-74-R. Vines, R.A. 1960. Trees, shrubs, and woody vines of the Southwest. University of Texas Press. 1,104 pp.

COMPILED BY

John G. Himes, Ph.D., Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Ray C. Telfair II, Ph.D., Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Julie Hogan Rose, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. George H. Veteto, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (deceased).

27 CONTRIBUTORS

Angie Brooks, Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University. Carl D. Frentress, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Stephen L. Hatch, Professor, Department of Range Science, Texas A&M University. Harry H. Haucke, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Mary May, School of Forestry, Stephen F. Austin State University. Steve Orzell, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Jim Neal, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Tim Powell, Department of Biology, Stephen F. Austin State University. Dale F. Prochaska, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Chester M. Rowell, Adjunct Professor of Biology, Sul Ross State University (deceased). Jason R. Singhurst, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. Milton W. Weller, Kleberg Chair Professor of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University.

28 Partial funding for this publication was contributed by Federal Aid (P-R) project W-124-M

Wildlife Division 4200 Smith School Road Austin, Texas 78744

PWD BK W7000–010N (11/04) In accordance with Texas Depository Law, this publication is available at the Texas State Publications Clearinghouse and/or Texas Depository Libraries.

Top View