Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Central Statistics Organization

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

PARWAN PARWAN

For more details, please contact: Central Statistics Organization Name: Mr. Eidmarjan Samoon P.O.Box: 1254, Ansari Watt Kabul,Afghanistan Phone: +930202104338 • E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.cso.gov.af

Design: Julie Pudlowski Consulting/Ali Mohaqqeq 2 Cover and inside photos: © UNFPA/CSO Afghanistan/2012 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY PARWAN MESSAGE FROM CSO

The successful completion of the Socio-Demographic and Economic Survey (SDES) for Parwan 3URYLQFHLVDQRSSRUWXQLW\WRUHÁHFWZKDWKDVEHHQDFFRPSOLVKHGVRIDUVLQFHWKHÀUVW6'(6LQ%DPL\DQ 3URYLQFHLQ$WWKDWWLPHWKHUHZDVODFNRIUHOLDEOHGLVWULFWGDWDRQWKHSRSXODWLRQZKLFKKDPSHUV GHYHORSPHQWRIHYLGHQFHEDVHGSODQVDQGSURJUDPPHV

The Central Statistics Organization (CSO) of Afghanistan, with technical support from UNFPA and ÀQDQFLDODVVLVWDQFHIURPWKHGRQRUVLVQRZZHOORQLWVZD\WRÀOOLQJLQWKLVVLJQLÀFDQWJDSDFURVVWKH country. Parwan is now the sixth province of Afghanistan for which statistical data on the condition of LWVSHRSOHGRZQWRWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOLVDYDLODEOH

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Sher Mohammad Jamizada 3UHVLGHQW*HQHUDORI&HQWUDO6WDWLVWLFV2UJDQL]DWLRQ

4 MESSAGE FROM UNFPA

The Socio-Demographic and Economic Survey (SDES) for Parwan Province is a major milestone for the SURYLQFHDQGIRU$IJKDQLVWDQLQWKHÀHOGRISRSXODWLRQVWDWLVWLFV,WPDUNVWKHÀUVWWLPHDIWHUPRUHWKDQ WKUHHGHFDGHVWKDWGHWDLOHGGLVWULFWOHYHOGDWDLVPDGHDYDLODEOHIRUWKLVSURYLQFHHQDEOLQJSURYLQFLDO planners and decision makers to create and design measures for responsive planning, effective PRQLWRULQJDQGVWURQJEDVLFVHUYLFHGHOLYHU\IRUPRUHHIIHFWLYHJRYHUQDQFH,QDGGLWLRQDGHWDLOHG VXUYH\RIFRPPXQLWLHVLQFOXGLQJWKHLQIUDVWUXFWXUHSURYLGHVDQ LQYDOXDEOH VQDSVKRW RI WKHLU QHHGV DQG UHVRXUFHV IDFLOLWDWLQJ HYLGHQFHEDVHG SURJUDPPHV IRU 3DUZDQ SRSXODFH LQFOXGLQJ DSSURSULDWH disaster risk reduction and initiatives to strengthen community resilience in cases of calamities.

81)3$LVSURXGRILWVSDUWQHUVKLSZLWKWKH&62ZKLFKKDVUHVXOWHGLQ3DUZDQMRLQLQJ.DSLVD%DPL\DQ .DEXO *KRU DQG 'D\NXQGL LQ DFTXLULQJ WKLV SRSXODWLRQ GDWD GLVDJJUHJDWHG E\ VH[ DJH JURXS DQG GLVWULFW7KLVSXEOLFDWLRQRIIHUVUHOLDEOHVRFLDOHFRQRPLFDQGGHPRJUDSKLFGDWDZKLFKZLOOXQGHUSLQ informed, responsive and granular policymaking and service delivery in the province and districts.

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As efforts to conduct the SDES roll out to other provinces, we look forward to a future where all SROLF\PDNHUVDQGVHUYLFHGHOLYHU\SURYLGHUVUHO\RQGHSHQGDEOHDQGDSSURSULDWHGDWDIRUGHYHORSPHQW and humanitarian programmes for the people in all provinces of Afghanistan.

'U$QQHWWH6DFKV5REHUWVRQ UNFPA Representative for Afghanistan

TABLE OF CONTENTS

MESSAGE FROM CSO 1 MESSAGE FROM UNFPA 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 4 TABLES 5 FIGURES 7 ACRONYMS 10 TEXT BOXES 12 1. PARWAN PROFILE 14 2. INTRODUCTION 15 3. OBJECTIVES 15 4. METHODOLOGY 16 5. MONITORING AND SUPERVISION 17 6. DATA PROCESSING 17 7. SURVEY RESULTS 18

7.1 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS 18

7.2 LITERACY 27

7.3 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT 29

0,*5$7,21 

7.5 ECONOMIC ACTIVIT Y 37

7.7 FERTILIT Y 53

%,57+5(*,675$7,21 

7.9 MORTALIT Y 59

/,9,1*67$7862)3$5(176 

+286(+2/'&+$5$&7(5,67,&6 

+286,1*&+$5$&7(5,67,&6  APPENDICES 76 REFERENCES 80

7 TABLES

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8 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

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9 FIGURES

Figure 1 Map of Afghanistan

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10 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

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11 PARWAN

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12 ACRONYMS SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

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TDR Total Dependency Ratio

TFR Total Fertility Rate

UNFPA United Nations Population Fund

U5MR Under 5 Mortality Rate

13 14 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY TEXT BOXES

7H[W%R[ Median Age

7H[W%R[ Total Dependency Ratio (TDR)

7H[W%R[ Literacy Rate of 10 Years and Older

7H[W%R[ Literacy Rate of the 15-24 Years Old

7H[W%R[ Net Primary Attendance Rate

7H[W%R[ 3URSRUWLRQRI3RSXODWLRQ

7H[W%R[ Total Fertility Rate

7H[W%R[ 5HJLVWHUHG%LUWKV

7H[W%R[ Mortality

7H[W%R[ Parents’ Living Status

7H[W%R[ Average Household Size

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7H[W%R[ Proportion of Households Using an Improved Sanitation Facility

7H[W%R[$ Age Preference Indexes

7H[W%R[$ UN Age-Sex Accuracy Index

15 16 1. PARWAN PROFILE

Parwan Province is situated on the Salang road, Afghanistan’s main trade route to the north, with %DPL\DQ3URYLQFHWRWKHZHVWDQG3DQMVKHU3URYLQFHWRWKHHDVW&KDULNDUWKHSURYLQFLDOFDSLWDOLVRQH RIWKHEHVWSODFHVLQWKHFRXQWU\IRUWUDGH7KLVORFDWLRQDVZHOODVLWVSUR[LPLW\DQGURDGOLQNWR.DEXO means that it has excellent potential for economic growth.

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Figure 1: Map of Afghanistan

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17 PARWAN

2. INTRODUCTION

7KH6RFLR'HPRJUDSKLFDQG(FRQRPLF6XUYH\ 6'(6 ZDVLQLWLDWHGLQLQ%DPL\DQ3URYLQFHE\ WKH&HQWUDO6WDWLVWLFV2UJDQL]DWLRQ &62 RI$IJKDQLVWDQDQGLVQRZEHLQJUROOHGRXWWRRWKHUSURYLQFHV with technical support from UNFPA. The SDES in Parwan Province was carried out successfully in 6HSWHPEHUDVSDUWRIWKHIRXUWKEDWFKRISURYLQFHVWRJHWKHUZLWK.DSLVD3URYLQFH

This report presents data on the population characteristics, literacy, educational attainment, migration, HPSOR\PHQW IXQFWLRQDO GLIÀFXOW\ IHUWLOLW\ PRUWDOLW\ ELUWK UHJLVWUDWLRQ DQG OLYLQJ VWDWXV RI SDUHQWV GLVDJJUHJDWHGE\VH[DQGGLVWULFW,QIRUPDWLRQRQWKHKRXVHKROGDQGKRXVLQJFKDUDFWHULVWLFVLVDOVR LQFOXGHG7KHÀQGLQJVRIWKHUHSRUWZLOODLGGHYHORSPHQWSODQQHUVDQGSURJUDPPHLPSOHPHQWHUV HQDEOLQJWKHPWRGHYLVHVRXQGSROLFLHVDQGDSSURSULDWHSURJUDPPHVIRUWKHHIIHFWLYHGHOLYHU\RIEDVLF services to the people of Afghanistan.

To ensure that high quality data are collected, several layers of supervision and monitoring were done starting from the training of surveyors, survey enumeration to data processing.

3. OBJECTIVES 3.1 Evidence-Based Decision Making, Policy Making, Planning and Administration

)URP$IJKDQLVWDQEHJDQUHFHLYLQJDPDVVLYHDPRXQWRIPXOWLVHFWRUVXSSRUWIRUGHYHORSPHQW SURMHFWV 0RVW SURMHFWV ZHUH GHVLJQHG DQG LPSOHPHQWHG GHVSLWH DODFNRIUHOLDEOHSRSXODWLRQDQG demographic data, especially relating to villages and districts. This lack of data has hampered effective SROLF\IRUPXODWLRQDQGVWUDWHJLFGHYHORSPHQWSODQQLQJDWWKHORFDOOHYHOWKHDEVHQFHRISUHFLVH EDVHOLQHGDWDDOVRPDNHVLWGLIÀFXOWWRPHDVXUHSURJUHVVRUWRWDUJHWSULRULW\SRSXODWLRQVDQGHQVXUH HIÀFLHQWUHVRXUFHDOORFDWLRQ7KH6'(6ZDVGHVLJQHGWRÀOOWKLVGDWDJDSDQGWKHVRFLDODQGHFRQRPLF GLPHQVLRQVRI$IJKDQKRXVHKROGVLWFROOHFWVVKRXOGOHDGWREHWWHUWDUJHWHGSROLFLHVDQGVHUYLFHGHOLYHU\

3.2 Data for Businesses and Industries

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3.3 Housing Policy and Programmes

The SDES provides data on current housing status, demand and capacity to acquire property, and the structural make-up of houses. This can guide policymakers in the design of housing programmes.

18 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

3.4 Data on Vulnerable Populations

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3.5 Humanitarian Assistance

7KH 6'(6 LQFOXGHV D PDSSLQJ DQG OLVWLQJ RI DOO KRXVHV EXVLQHVV HVWDEOLVKPHQWV DQG LQVWLWXWLRQV at the district and village levels as well as the location of community infrastructure, such as health facilities, schools, mosques, markets and roads, which is essential for emergency preparedness plans WRPLWLJDWHWKHHIIHFWVRIGLVDVWHU3RSXODWLRQJURXSVDUHFDWHJRUL]HGE\VH[DJHHGXFDWLRQOLWHUDF\ HPSOR\PHQWVWDWXVDQGRWKHULPSRUWDQWYDULDEOHVZKLFKFDQKHOSVKDSHKXPDQLWDULDQDVVLVWDQFHLILW VKRXOGEHQHHGHG

3.6 Research

7KH6'(6SURYLGHVLQYDOXDEOHGDWDIRUIXUWKHUDQDO\VLVFRPSDULVRQZLWKRWKHUVXUYH\UHVXOWVDQGIRU IXUWKHUUHVHDUFK7KHGDWDZLOOEHH[WUHPHO\XVHIXOIRUJRYHUQPHQWDQGQRQJRYHUQPHQWLQVWLWXWLRQVIRU instance, data on out-of-school youth can generate new policies to address the situation.

4. METHODOLOGY

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4.1. Extensive Listing of Houses, Establishments and Institutions

$QH[WHQVLYHOLVWLQJDQGPDSSLQJSURFHVVFRYHUHGDOOKRXVHVEXVLQHVVHVDQGLQVWLWXWLRQVLQHYHU\ YLOODJHDQGXUEDQDUHDRI3DUZDQ3URYLQFH7KLVLQFOXGHGWKHSUHSDUDWLRQRIVNHWFKPDSVRQZKLFKWKH SK\VLFDOORFDWLRQRIHDFKVWUXFWXUHZDVPDUNHGGXULQJFDQYDVVLQJDQGWKHORFDWLRQVRILPSRUWDQWSXEOLF VHUYLFHVHVWDEOLVKPHQWVDQGLQVWLWXWLRQVVXFKDVVFKRROVKRVSLWDOVEDQNVHWFZHUHIXUWKHUSLQSRLQWHG WKURXJKWKHXVHRI*OREDO3RVLWLRQLQJ6\VWHP *36 GHYLFHV,QIRUPDWLRQUHODWHGWRLQIUDVWUXFWXUHVXFK DVDYDLODEOHPHDQVRIWUDQVSRUWDWLRQWRDQGIURPHDFKYLOODJHWKHSUHVHQFHRIHOHFWULFLW\ZDWHUVRXUFHV potential relocation sites, etc., were collected.

The surveyors used the outputs from the mapping to guide them in conducting the survey and ensure FRPSOHWH FRYHUDJH RI WKHLU DVVLJQHG DUHDV ,Q WRWDO  GLVWULFWVDQGHQXPHUDWLRQDUHDVZHUH canvassed.

19 PARWAN

4.2 Survey Enumeration

Unlike previous CSO surveys, which were designed to provide data at the provincial level, SDES focuses RQ GLVWULFW DQG HYHQ VPDOOHU XQLWV LQFOXGLQJ XUEDQ VXEGLYLVLRQV PDMRU YLOODJHV DQG FOXVWHUV RI VPDOO YLOODJHV7KLVZLOOSURYHYDOXDEOHIRUORFDOGHYHORSPHQWSODQQLQJDQGIRUPRQLWRULQJSXEOLFVHUYLFHGHOLYHU\

7KHÀUVWVWHSLQWKHVXUYH\ZDVWROLVWHYHU\KRXVHKROGLQHDFKYLOODJH+DOIRIWKHVHOLVWHGKRXVHKROGV LH every other household) were taken as samples and asked detailed questions.

5. MONITORING AND SUPERVISION

7KHOLVWLQJDQGPDSSLQJDFWLYLW\ZDVFDUULHGRXWE\&62DQGKLUHGFDUWRJUDSKHUVDQGKLUHGDVVLVWDQW FDUWRJUDSKHUVDORQJZLWKGLVWULFWVWDWLVWLFVRIÀFHUV '62V DQGDVVLVWDQWV7KHÀHOGHQXPHUDWLRQZDV FRQGXFWHGE\VXUYH\RUVFRQWUROOHUVWHDPHGLWRUVGLVWULFWHGLWRUVDQGGLVWULFWFRGHUV under the supervision of the DSOs and their assistants, and CSO staff supervisors.

0RQLWRULQJZDVFRQGXFWHGE\&62DQG81)3$WHFKQLFDOVWDIIZKRYLVLWHGWKHGLVWULFWFHQWUHVGXULQJWKH WZRZHHNWUDLQLQJRIWKH'62VDQGDVVLVWDQWVFRQWUROOHUVDQGVXUYH\RUV7KH\SURYLGHGFODULÀFDWLRQVRQ concepts and procedures to follow in executing the survey and responded to logistical, administrative, ÀQDQFLDODQGKXPDQUHVRXUFHSUREOHPVDVQHHGHG

&62DQG81)3$WHFKQLFDOVWDIIZHUHDOVRUHVSRQVLEOHIRUFKHFNLQJWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUHVDVZHOODVVSRW FKHFNLQJ UHLQWHUYLHZLQJ DQG UHFRUGLQJ REVHUYDWLRQV GXULQJ KRXVHKROGLQWHUYLHZVLQDOOWHQGLVWULFWV (UURUVZHUHWKXVFRUUHFWHGDWDQHDUO\VWDJHRIHQXPHUDWLRQ&62VXSHUYLVRUVXVHGFRPSXWHUWDEOHWVWR UHFRUGWKHÀQGLQJVGXULQJPRQLWRULQJDQGVXSHUYLVLRQ

6RPH&62PRQLWRUVDQGVWDIIKLUHGE\&62FKHFNHGVXUYH\FRYHUDJHREVHUYHGWKHHQXPHUDWLRQ and monitored the work of surveyors and controllers. A third party monitoring company was also contracted WRFKHFNFRYHUDJH7KHÀQGLQJVRIWKHPRQLWRULQJJURXSZHUHLPPHGLDWHO\UHOD\HGWR&62VXSHUYLVRUV for necessary action.

6. DATA PROCESSING

(GLWLQJFRGLQJDQGGDWDHQWU\ZHUHGRQHLQ3DUZDQ$'DWD3URFHVVLQJ&HQWUH '3& ZDVHVWDEOLVKHG in Charikar and 190 data processors were recruited after given strict screening and extensive technical training. Computers, generator, furniture, heaters, an internet connection and other materials and utilities were provided.

)XUWKHUGDWDFOHDQLQJZDVGRQHLQ.DEXODWWKH&62'3&ZLWKYHULÀHUVDQGRQH&62VXSHUYLVRUWR oversee the data processing stage.

20 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7. SURVEY RESULTS

7.1 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS

7.1.1 Population Distribution by District

&KDULNDUWKHSURYLQFLDOFHQWUHKDGWKHODUJHVWSRSXODWLRQLQ3DUZDQ FRPSULVLQJ  SHUFHQW RI WKHWRWDOSRSXODWLRQLQWKHSURYLQFH%DJUDPKDGWKHVHFRQGODUJHVWSRSXODWLRQZLWKSHUFHQW IROORZHGE\6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGZLWKSHUFHQW.RKL6DÀZDVWKHVPDOOHVWGLVWULFWZLWKRQO\ percent.

%\SRSXODWLRQGHQVLW\ )LJXUH ZKLFKLVWKHUDWLRRIWKHSRSXODWLRQWRODQGDUHD6D\LG.KDLOKDGWKH PRVWQXPEHURISHRSOHZKRRFFXS\WKHVDPHVL]HRIODQG SHUVRQVSHUNPRIODQGDUHD ZKLOH Shaykh Ali had the fewest (29 persons per km2).

Table 1. Percent Distribution of the Population by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Percent Parwan 100.0 Charikar  %DJUDP 19.1 Shinwari 9.0 Sayid Khail  -DEXOXVVDUDM 8.9 Salang 3.8 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 15.1 .RKL6DÀ 3.3

Surkhi Parsa 4.7 Shaykh Ali 3.7

Ϯ͘>ĂŶĚĂƌĞĂƵƐĞĚŝƐĨƌŽŵĨŐŚĂŶ'ĞŽĚĞƐLJĂŶĚĂƌƚŽŐƌĂƉŚLJ,ĞĂĚKĸĐĞ;',KͿ͘

21 PARWAN

Figure 2. Population Density by District: Parwan, September 2014



7.1.2 Sex Composition

At 51.0 percent, there were more males than females in Parwan. The sex ratio was 104 males for every IHPDOHVZKLFKLVORZHUWKDQ$IJKDQLVWDQ·VRYHUDOOVH[UDWLR PDOHVIRUHYHU\IHPDOHV 1

3RSXODWLRQVZLWKPDUNHGGHYLDWLRQVLQVH[UDWLRIURPLHEHORZRUDERYHFDQEHH[SODLQHG E\VH[VHOHFWLYHPLJUDWLRQIHPDOHLQIDQWLFLGHVH[VHOHFWLYHDERUWLRQVH[VHOHFWLYHXQGHUUHSRUWLQJ economic activities, or a special feature of the area such as the presence of a large military installation, DQLQVWLWXWLRQFRQÀQLQJDSDUWLFXODUVH[RUZDUPRUWDOLW\

6XUNKL3DUVDKDGWKHKLJKHVWVH[UDWLRDWPDOHVIRUHYHU\IHPDOHVIROORZHGE\-DEXOXVVDUDMDW PDOHVSHUIHPDOHV7KHVH[UDWLRLQRWKHUGLVWULFWVUDQJHGIURPLQ6DODQJWRLQ&KDULNDU %DJUDPDQG6D\LG.KDLO

7KHVH[UDWLRYDULHVE\DJHJURXS,QGHYHORSHGFRXQWULHVWKHVH[UDWLRRIDSRSXODWLRQLVKLJKDWYHU\ young ages and decreases with increasing age. In countries with very high maternal mortality rate and ORZVWDWXVRIZRPHQKRZHYHUWKHVH[UDWLRGHFUHDVHVXSWRFKLOGEHDULQJDJHDQGWKHQLQFUHDVHVZLWK DJH*HQHUDOO\´\RXQJµSRSXODWLRQVRUSRSXODWLRQVZLWKKLJKIHUWLOLW\WHQGWRKDYHDKLJKHUVH[UDWLRWKDQ ´ROGµSRSXODWLRQVRUSRSXODWLRQVZLWKORZIHUWLOLW\

ϭ͘ůůŶĂƟŽŶĂůůĞǀĞůĚĂƚĂƵƐĞĚĨŽƌĐŽŵƉĂƌŝƐŽŶŝŶƚŚŝƐƌĞƉŽƌƚǁĞƌĞƚĂŬĞŶĨƌŽŵƚŚĞEĂƟŽŶĂůZŝƐŬĂŶĚsƵůŶĞƌĂďŝůŝƚLJƐƐĞƐƐŵĞŶƚ͗ĨŐŚĂŶŝƐƚĂŶ>ŝǀŝŶŐŽŶĚŝ- ƟŽŶƐ^ƵƌǀĞLJ;EZsͲ>^ͿϮϬϭϭʹϮϬϭϮ͘

22 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 2. Sex Ratio of the Population by Age Group and District: Parwan, September 2014

Age Group Salang Parwan Bagram Charikar Shinwari -QJK5Cſ Syahgirdi Syahgirdi Ghorband Shaykh Ali Shaykh Sayid Khail Sayid Surkhi Parsa Surkhi Jabulussaraj

Total 104 105 105 103 105  100 102 103 107 103 0-4  100 99  105 95 102 83 90 97 95 5-9 103 107 102 104 100 105 105 94 108 105  10- 14  103 111 112 104 104 99 102 98 114 107 15 - 19 105 104 107 103 109 108 100 109 103 110 90 20 - 24 112 114 113 95 113 119 97 114 110 120 117 25 - 29 104 105 102 90 105 110 93 113 110 101 119 30 - 34 104 105 101 108 105  103 103 123 107  35 - 39 94 91 99 97 98 91 83 98 87 85 87 40 - 44 99 103 98 95 103 108 94 97 99 92 90 45 - 49  97  102 83 85 97 99 93  92 50 - 54 100 102  100 92 110 79 104 119 103 85 55 - 59 102 100 85  121 105 111 103 88 121 119 ² 129 127 125 153  110 90 148 189 138 122  152 145 139 170 141 157 171 144 219 193 173

,QJHQHUDOWKHVH[UDWLRDWELUWKIRUFKLOGUHQHYHUERUQ &(% LVDURXQGPDOHVSHUIHPDOHVZLWK DQRUPDOUDQJHRI²$VH[UDWLRKLJKHUWKDQVXJJHVWVWKDWIHPDOHEDELHVDUHEHLQJRPLWWHG ZKLOHVH[UDWLRVEHORZPD\LQGLFDWHWKDWPDOHEDELHVDUHEHLQJRPLWWHG6H[VHOHFWLYHDERUWLRQPD\ DOVRUHVXOWLQVH[UDWLRVDWELUWKZKLFKDUHRXWVLGHWKHQRUPDOUDQJH

7KHRPLVVLRQRIPDOHEDELHVRUXQGHUUHSRUWLQJRIPDOHFKLOGUHQPD\H[SODLQWKHORZVH[UDWLRIRUWKH ²\HDUDJHJURXSLQDOPRVWDOOGLVWULFWV6\DJLUGL*KRUEDQG PDOHFKLOGUHQIRUHYHU\IHPDOH FKLOGUHQ .RKL6DÀ  6KD\NK$OL  -DEXOXVVDUDM  6KLQZDUL  6XUNKL3DUVD  %DJUDP (99), Charikar (100) and Salang (102). As a result at the province level, the sex ratio for the age group \HDUVZDVER\VSHUJLUOV

([WUHPHO\KLJKVH[UDWLRVZHUHQRWLFHDEOHIRUWKH\HDUVDQGDERYHLQPRVWGLVWULFWVSDUWLFXODUO\LQ .RKL6DÀ  DQG6XUNKL3DUVD  

7.1.3 Age Structure

3DUZDQKDGD\RXQJSRSXODWLRQDVVKRZQE\LWVSRSXODWLRQS\UDPLG )LJXUH 7KHUHODWLYHO\VPDOO ²DJHJURXSPD\EHGXHWR GHFOLQLQJIHUWLOLW\IURPFKLOGUHQLQWRFKLOGUHQLQ ; 2) the omission of very young children, most likely infants, which is common in many countries; and  DJHPLVUHSRUWLQJ7KHVHPD\DOVRFRQWULEXWHWRWKHGHQWIRUER\VLQWKLVDJHJURXSDQGVRPHEXOJHV at older age groups.

23 PARWAN

$JHGDWDDUHQRUPDOO\UHSRUWHGE\WKHUHVSRQGHQWRIWKHKRXVHKROGHLWKHUE\WKHPRWKHURUWKHIDWKHU 0XFKDJHPLVUHSRUWLQJDULVHVZKHQWKHUHVSRQGHQWGRHVQRWNQRZWKHKRXVHKROGPHPEHUV·H[DFW DJHVRUGDWHVRIELUWK7KHWHQGHQF\RIWKHVXUYH\RUVRUUHVSRQGHQWVWRUHSRUWFHUWDLQDJHVDWWKH expense of others is called age heaping, age preference or digit preference. A detailed discussion on the quality of age data for Parwan Province is provided in Appendix 1.

+DOIRIWKHSRSXODWLRQRI3DUZDQZDV\RXQJDWWKHWLPHRIWKHVXUYH\7KH²\HDUDJHJURXSPDGH XSWKHODUJHVWVHJPHQWRIWKHSRSXODWLRQDWSHUFHQWIROORZHGE\WKRVH\RXQJHUWKDQ\HDUVDW SHUFHQWDQG²\HDUDJHJURXSDWSHUFHQW

Figure 3. Population by Age and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

ϴϬн ϳϱͲϳϵ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ ϳϬͲϳϰ ϲϱͲϲϵ ϲϬͲϲϰ ϱϱͲϱϵ ϱϬͲϱϰ ϰϱͲϰϵ ϰϬͲϰϰ ϯϱͲϯϵ ϯϬͲϯϰ ϮϱͲϮϵ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϭϱͲϭϵ ϭϬͲϭϰ ϱͲϵ ϬͲϰ ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϴ͘Ϭ ϲ͘Ϭ ϰ͘Ϭ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϯ͘Ϭ ϰ͘Ϭ ϲ͘Ϭ ϴ͘Ϭ ϭϬ͘Ϭ

$SRSXODWLRQZLWKDPHGLDQDJHEHORZ\HDUVLV considered a young population. Parwan had a very young Text Box 1: Median Age SRSXODWLRQZLWKDPHGLDQDJHUDQJLQJIURP .RKL6DÀ  Parwan (2014)* 17.1 WR  6\DKJLUGL *KRUDEQG  3DUZDQ·V PHGLDQ DJH RI Kapisa (2014)* 17.1 17.1, means that half of the total population in the province Kabul (2013)* 17.7 in 2014 was younger than 17.1 years. This is almost the Ghor (2012)* 16.3 same as the estimated national median age of 17 years Daykundi (2012)* 15.2 7H[W%R[  Bamiyan (2011)* 16.6 The male population of Parwan Province had a median Afghanistan** 17.0

age of 17.3 years while the female population had a lower Sources: * SDES PHGLDQ RI  \HDUV 0DOHV ZHUH JHQHUDOO\ ROGHU WKDQ **NRVA 2011-2012 females in all districts except Salang where the females DUHJHQHUDOO\ROGHUDQGLQ6KLQZDULZKHUHERWKJHQGHUV have the same median ages. The youngest population ZDVLQ.RKL6DÀZLWKIHPDOHDQGPDOHPHGLDQDJHVRI\HDUVDQG\HDUVUHVSHFWLYHO\

24 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 3. Median Age in Years of the Population by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Both Sexes Male Female Parwan 17.1 17.3  Charikar 17.0 17.2  %DJUDP    Shinwari    Sayid Khail  17.0  -DEXOXVVDUDM 17.3 17.5 17.0 Salang    6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 18.4 19.1 17.7 .RKL6DÀ 14.7 15.2 14.1 Surkhi Parsa 17.8 17.9 17.7 Shaykh Ali 18.2 18.5 18.0

The proportion of the population under age 15 also provides an indication as to whether a population LV\RXQJRUROGWKRVHZLWKSHUFHQWRUPRUHEHORZDJHDUHUHJDUGHGDV\RXQJ$V7DEOHVKRZV WKHWRWDOQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQXQGHU\HDUVRIDJHFRPSULVHGSHUFHQWRIWKHWRWDOSRSXODWLRQRI Parwan. At the district level, the proportion of children under 15 years ranged from 41.1 percent in 6KD\NK$OLWRSHUFHQWLQ.RKL6DÀ Table 4. Percentage Distribution of Population by Age Group, Aged- Child Ratio, and District: Parwan, September 2014

Age Group Province/District Total Aged-Child Ratio 0-14 15-64 65 and above Parwan 100.0 44.9 52.4 2.7  Charikar 100.0 44.8  2.7  %DJUDP 100.0  50.9 2.4 5.2 Shinwari 100.0 47.9 49.7 2.5 5.2 Sayid Khail 100.0 45.3 51.7 2.9  -DEXOXVVDUDM 100.0 43.8 53.5 2.7  Salang 100.0 45.9 50.4 3.7 8.1 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 100.0 41.7  2.7  .RKL6DÀ 100.0 50.7 47.7  3.1 Surkhi Parsa 100.0 42.9 54.1 3.0  Shaykh Ali 100.0 41.1 55.1 3.8 9.1

25 PARWAN

7DEOHDOVRVKRZVWKHSURSRUWLRQVRISHUVRQVDJHG²\HDUVDQG\HDUVDQGRYHUE\GLVWULFW7KH ²\HDUDJHJURXSLVFRPPRQO\FRQVLGHUHGDVWKHZRUNLQJDJHJURXSHVSHFLDOO\LQPRUHGHYHORSHG countries. For the whole Parwan Province, the working age group accounted for 52.4 percent of the WRWDOSRSXODWLRQ$WWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOWKLVSURSRUWLRQUDQJHGIURPSHUFHQWLQ.RKL6DÀWRSHUFHQW LQ6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG

3RSXODWLRQVLQZKLFKWKHHOGHUO\ \HDUVROGDQGRYHU FRPSULVHOHVVWKDQSHUFHQWRIWKHWRWDO population are also young populations. The proportion of aged persons for Parwan Province in 2014 ZDVSHUFHQWZLWKSURSRUWLRQVUDQJLQJIURPSHUFHQW .RKL6DÀ WRSHUFHQW 6KD\NK$OL 

7KHDJHGFKLOGUDWLRRUWKHUDWLRRISHUVRQVDJHG\HDUVDQGRYHUWRWKHQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQXQGHU \HDUVLVDOVRVKRZQLQ7DEOH)RU3DUZDQ3URYLQFHWKHUDWLRZDVPHDQLQJWKDWLQWKHUHZHUH VL[SHUVRQVDJHG\HDUVDQGRYHUIRUHYHU\FKLOGUHQXQGHU\HDUVRIDJH%\GLVWULFWWKHUDWLR UDQJHGIURPSHUFHQWLQ.RKL6DÀWRSHUFHQWLQ6KD\NK$OL

The age dependency ratio can point to changes in population age structures which have implications for VRFLDODQGHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQW7KLVUDWLRLVFRPPRQO\FDOFXODWHGE\DVVXPLQJWKDWWKHSRSXODWLRQ DJHG²\HDUVUHSUHVHQWVWKHZRUNLQJDJHJURXSDQGLVDUDWLRRIWKHQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQDQGDJHG SRSXODWLRQVWRWKHQXPEHURIZRUNLQJDJHSHRSOH

Table 5. Age Dependency Ratios by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Total Dependency Ratio Child Dependency Ratio Old-Age Dependency Ratio

Parwan 90.8 85.7 5.1 Charikar 90.2 85.1 5.1 %DJUDP  91.7 4.7 Shinwari 101.4  5.0 Sayid Khail 93.3 87.7 5.7 -DEXOXVVDUDM 87.0 81.8 5.1 Salang 98.4 91.1 7.4 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 79.9 75.1 4.9 .RKL6DÀ   3.3 Surkhi Parsa 84.9 79.4 5.5 Shaykh Ali 81.4  

7DEOHVKRZVWKHDJHGHSHQGHQF\UDWLRVIRU3DUZDQ3URYLQFH7KHWRWDOGHSHQGHQF\UDWLRZDV EURNHQGRZQLQWRDFKLOGGHSHQGHQF\UDWLRRIDQGROGDJHGHSHQGHQF\UDWLRRI7KLVPHDQV WKDWIRUHYHU\SHUVRQVRIZRUNLQJDJH WR\HDUV WKHUHZHUHGHSHQGHQWVFRPSULVLQJ FKLOGUHQDQGÀYHHOGHUO\7KHWRWDOGHSHQGHQF\UDWLRRIWKHGLVWULFWVLQ3DUZDQSULPDULO\UHÁHFWHGWKH child dependency ratio rather than the old-age dependency ratio and was lower than the national HVWLPDWHRI 7H[W%R[ 

26 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

$PRQJ WKH  GLVWULFWV .RKL 6DÀ KDG ERWK WKH KLJKHVW Text Box 2: Total Dependency Ratio WRWDO GHSHQGHQF\ UDWLR DW  DQG FKLOG GHSHQGHQF\ UDWLRDW6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGKDGWKHORZHVWWRWDO Parwan (2014)* 90.8 dependency ratio at 79.9 while Shaykh Ali had the lowest Kapisa (2014)* 91.1 FKLOG GHSHQGHQF\ UDWLR DW  6DODQJ KDG WKH KLJKHVW Kabul (2013)* 83.5 Ghor (2012)* 96.0 old-age dependency ratio at 7.4. Daykundi (2012)* 108.9 Bamiyan (2011)* 96.3 7.1.4 Marital Status Composition Afghanistan** 104.0

Sources: * SDES ,Q WKH DEVHQFH RI PLJUDWLRQ DQG SRO\JDP\ WKH WRWDO **NRVA 2011-2012 QXPEHURIPDUULHGPHQLQDSRSXODWLRQHTXDOVWKHWRWDO QXPEHURIPDUULHGZRPHQ7KHVHQXPEHUVW\SLFDOO\YDU\E\DJHJURXSDVZRPHQFXVWRPDULO\PDUU\ men older than they are. This custom of women marrying older men would result in the differences EHWZHHQWKHPDULWDOVWDWXVGLVWULEXWLRQVRIPHQDQGZRPHQDW\RXQJDJHV7KLVDSSHDUHGWREHWKH FDVHLQWKHÀYHGLVWULFWVDVVKRZQLQ)LJXUHVDQG$PRQJPDOHVDJHG²\HDUVWKRVHZKR ZHUHPDUULHGDWWKHWLPHRIVXUYH\FRPSULVHGSHUFHQWZKLOHDPRQJIHPDOHVLQWKLVDJHJURXSWKH corresponding percentage was 58.0 percent. At age group of 25—29 years, nine in ten women were PDUULHGFRPSDUHGWRVHYHQLQWHQPHQ7KHSURSRUWLRQRIZRPHQZKRJRWPDUULHGEHIRUHUHDFKLQJWKH age of 15 was 0.01 percent and 0.02 percent for men.

)LJXUHV  DQG  DOVR VKRZ WKDW DW DJH JURXS  \HDUV DQG DERYH  SHUFHQW RI ZRPHQ ZHUH ZLGRZHGDQGSHUFHQWZHUHPDUULHGZKLOHIRUPHQWKHÀJXUHVZHUHSHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQW UHVSHFWLYHO\7KLVPD\EHGXHWRROGHUPHQUHPDUU\LQJ

Figure 4. Percent Distribution of Male Population by Marital Status and Age Group: Parwan, September 2014

Ϭ͘Ϭϭ Ϭ͘ϬϮ Ϭ͘Ϭϯ Ϭ͘Ϭϲ Ϭ͘ϭϭ Ϭ͘Ϭϴ Ϭ͘ϭϬ Ϭ͘ϭϮ Ϭ͘Ϭϱ Ϭ͘Ϯϭ Ϭ͘ϭϵ ϭϬϬй Ϭ͘ϬϮ ϭ͘ϱϲ Ϭ͘Ϭϴ Ϭ͘Ϯϭ Ϭ͘ϰϯ Ϭ͘ϱϬ Ϭ͘ϲϵ Ϭ͘ϵϳ ϭ͘ϴϵ Ϯ͘ϱϵ ϵ͘ϵϳ ϵϬй Ϯϱ͘ϵϵ ϴϬй

ϳϬй ϳϯ͘ϰϲ ϲϬй ϵϭ͘ϲϭ ϵϲ͘ϵϰ ϱϬй ϵϵ͘ϵϳ ϵϴ͘ϰϮ ϵϳ͘ϴϭ ϵϴ͘Ϯϳ ϵϳ͘ϱϲ ϵϲ͘ϴϰ ϴϵ͘ϯϳ ϰϬй ϳϯ͘ϴϵ ϯϬй

ϮϬй Ϯϲ͘Ϯϳ ϭϬй ϳ͘ϴϱ Ϭй Ϯ͘ϰϵ ϭ͘ϰϬ Ϭ͘ϲϱ Ϭ͘ϰϵ Ϭ͘ϯϱ Ϭ͘ϰϳ hŶĚĞƌϭϱ ϭϱͲϭϵ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϮϱͲϮϵ ϯϬͲϯϰ ϯϱͲϯϵ ϰϬͲϰϰ ϰϱͲϰϵ ϱϬͲϱϰ ϱϱͲϱϵ ϲϬĂŶĚ ŽǀĞƌ EĞǀĞƌDĂƌƌŝĞĚ ƵƌƌĞŶƚůLJDĂƌƌŝĞĚ tŝĚŽǁĞĚ ŝǀŽƌĐĞĚͬ^ĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚ

27 PARWAN

Figure 5. Percent Distribution of Female Population by Marital Status and Age Group: Parwan, September 2014

Ϭ͘Ϭϭ Ϭ͘Ϭϱ Ϭ͘ϭϭ Ϭ͘Ϭϵ Ϭ͘Ϭϵ Ϭ͘ϭϱ Ϭ͘ϮϮ Ϭ͘Ϯϯ Ϭ͘ϭϲ Ϭ͘ϰϮ ϭϬϬй Ϭ͘Ϭϭ Ϭ͘Ϭϯ Ϭ͘Ϯϱ Ϭ͘ϲϯ ϭ͘ϱϱ ϯ͘ϬϬ ϲ͘ϵϱ ϭϬ͘Ϯϯ ϭϭ͘ϵϳ ϵϬй ϭϳ͘ϵϭ ϭϵ͘ϵϲ

ϴϬй ϰϮ͘ϱϭ ϳϬй ϱϳ͘ϵϴ

ϲϬй ϴϳ͘ϴϱ ϵϰ͘ϰϲ ϱϬй ϵϵ͘ϵϵ ϵϱ͘ϱϭ ϵϭ͘ϳϳ ϴϵ͘ϳϯ ϴϳ͘Ϯϯ ϰϬй ϴϭ͘ϯϳ ϳϵ͘ϱϰ

ϯϬй ϱϲ͘ϴϵ ϮϬй ϰϭ͘ϳϭ

ϭϬй ϭϭ͘ϰϭ ϯ͘ϵϬ Ϭй ϭ͘ϰϬ ϭ͘ϭϯ Ϭ͘ϱϴ Ϭ͘ϱϬ Ϭ͘ϯϭ Ϭ͘ϭϵ hŶĚĞƌϭϱ ϭϱͲϭϵ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϮϱͲϮϵ ϯϬͲϯϰ ϯϱͲϯϵ ϰϬͲϰϰ ϰϱͲϰϵ ϱϬͲϱϰ ϱϱͲϱϵ ϲϬĂŶĚ ŽǀĞƌ

EĞǀĞƌDĂƌƌŝĞĚ ƵƌƌĞŶƚůLJDĂƌƌŝĞĚ tŝĚŽǁĞĚ ŝǀŽƌĐĞĚͬ^ĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚ

)LJXUHVKRZVWKHPDULWDOGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHPDOHDQGIHPDOHSRSXODWLRQVIRUWKH²DQG²DJH groups. The 20-24 age group showed a tendency toward early marriage for women and a propensity WRPDUU\PHQIURPROGHUDJHJURXSV$PRQJPHQLQWKHDJHJURXSSHUFHQWZHUHPDUULHG ZKLOHDPRQJZRPHQLWZDVSHUFHQW7KH²DJHJURXSLOOXVWUDWHVWKHVXEVWDQWLDOGLIIHUHQFH LQWKHPDULWDOGLVWULEXWLRQRIPHQDQGZRPHQ$PRQJPHQWKRVHPDUULHGDFFRXQWHGIRUSHUFHQW ZKLOHZLGRZHUVFRPSULVHGOHVVWKDQSHUFHQW$PRQJZRPHQKRZHYHUSHUFHQWLQWKLVDJHJURXS were married while 18.8 percent were widowed.

Figure 6. Percent Distribution by Marital Status of Males and Females Aged 20-24 and 50-59: Parwan, September 2014

ϭϬϬ͘Ϭ ϵϳ͘ϯ ϵϬ͘Ϭ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϱϬͲϱϵ ϴϬ͘ϲ ϴϬ͘Ϭ ϳϯ͘ϵ ϳϬ͘Ϭ ϱϴ͘Ϭ ϲϬ͘Ϭ ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϰϭ͘ϳ ϰϬ͘Ϭ ϯϬ͘Ϭ Ϯϲ͘Ϭ ϭϴ͘ϴ ϮϬ͘Ϭ ϭϬ͘Ϭ Ϭ͘ϰ Ϭ͘ϭ Ϯ͘Ϯ Ϭ͘Ϭ Ϭ͘ϭ Ϭ͘ϰ Ϭ͘ϯ Ϭ͘ϭ Ϭ͘Ϯ Ϭ͘Ϭ EĞǀĞƌ DĂƌƌŝĞĚ tŝĚŽǁĞĚ ŝǀŽƌĐĞĚͬ EĞǀĞƌ DĂƌƌŝĞĚ tŝĚŽǁĞĚ ŝǀŽƌĐĞĚͬ DĂƌƌŝĞĚ ^ĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚ DĂƌƌŝĞĚ ^ĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ

7DEOHSUHVHQWVWKHPDULWDOVWDWXVGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHPDOHDQGIHPDOHSRSXODWLRQVIRUWKH²DQG ²DJHJURXSVIRUDOOGLVWULFWV,Q&KDULNDUSHUFHQWRIPHQDJHG²\HDUVZHUHPDUULHG ZKLOHSHUFHQWDPRQJZRPHQRIWKHVDPHDJH.RKL6DÀKDGWKHKLJKHVWSURSRUWLRQRIZRPHQ DJHG²ZKRZHUHPDUULHG SHUFHQW ZKLOH6KD\NK$OLKDGWKHORZHVWSURSRUWLRQ SHUFHQW 

28 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 6. Percentage Distribution by Marital Status of Males and Females Aged 20-24 and 50-59: Parwan, September 2014 Male Female District/Age Never Divorced/ Never Divorced/ Group Married Widowed Married Widowed Married Separated Married Separated Charikar 20-24 75.5 24.4 0.1 0.0 45.7 54.0 0.3 0.0 50-59 0.4 97.9 1.8 0.0 1.3 77.2 21.1 0.5 %DJUDP 20-24 70.8 29.1 0.1 0.0 40.2 59.4 0.3 0.0 50-59 0.8  1.5 0.0 0.4 79.7 19.7 0.1 Shinwari 20-24 57.2  0.0 0.1 23.9 75.7 0.1 0.3 50-59 0.0 98.4  0.0 0.0 84.4  0.0 Sayid Khail 20-24  23.3 0.0 0.0 43.5  0.3 0.0 50-59 0.8 97.9 1.3 0.0 0.4  20.9 1.1 -DEXOXVVDUDM 20-24 80.7 19.2 0.1 0.0  51.1 0.3 0.0 50-59 0.5 98.1 1.4 0.0 0.3 82.2 17.5 0.0 Salang 20-24  30.3 0.0 0.0 39.5  0.3 0.0 50-59 1.5 97.1 1.5 0.0 0.0 75.9 24.1 0.0 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 20-24  21.2 0.2 0.0 40.2  0.1 0.0 50-59 0.1 97.1  0.1 0.1 89.9 10.0 0.0 .RKL6DÀ 20-24 50.2 49.8 0.0 0.0 19.0 80.8 0.2 0.0 50-59 0.0 95.5 4.5 0.0 0.0 71.5 27.5 1.0 Surkhi Parsa 20-24 81.3 18.5 0.1 0.1 51.4 48.4 0.3 0.0 50-59 0.4  2.9 0.4 0.4 83.2  0.0 Shaykh Ali 20-24 83.7  0.0 0.0 59.9 39.7 0.4 0.0 50-59 1.9 97.5  0.0 0.5  18.9 0.0 7DEOHVKRZVWKHPHGLDQDJHDWÀUVWPDUULDJHIRU3DUZDQDQGLWVGLVWULFWV7KLVKDVEHHQHVWLPDWHG LQGLUHFWO\XVLQJ6'(6GDWDRQPDULWDOVWDWXVIRUPDOHVDQGIHPDOHVGLVDJJUHJDWHGE\\HDUDJHJURXS The method involves determining the upper limit of the proportion of the population who are ever- PDUULHGE\ORFDWLQJWKHDJHJURXSDWZKLFKWKHSURSRUWLRQRIWKHSRSXODWLRQZKRDUHPDUULHGLVDWLWV SHDN7KHPD[LPXPSURSRUWLRQRIPDUULHGLQGLYLGXDOVLVXVXDOO\KLJKHVWDWWKH²DJHUDQJHVLQFH PRVWSHRSOHZKRZLOOHYHUPDUU\ZRXOGKDYHEHHQPDUULHGE\WKHWLPHWKH\UHDFKWKLVDJHUDQJH+DOI RIWKHPD[LPXPSURSRUWLRQRIHYHUPDUULHGLVVXEWUDFWHGIURPWRGHULYHWKHSURSRUWLRQZKRQHYHU PDUULHG7KLVLVXVHGWRFDOFXODWHWKHPHGLDQDJHDWÀUVWPDUULDJHWKURXJKOLQHDULQWHUSRODWLRQ7KH PHGLDQDJHDWÀUVWPDUULDJHLVWKHDJHEHORZZKLFKKDOIRIWKHSRSXODWLRQKDVPDUULHGIRUWKHÀUVWWLPH

29 PARWAN

7KHGDWDVKRZWKDWZRPHQPDUULHGDWD\RXQJHUDJH \HDUV WKDQWKHLUPDOHFRXQWHUSDUWV  \HDUV 6KD\NK$OLKDGWKHKLJKHVWPHGLDQDJHDWÀUVWPDUULDJHIRUERWKPHQDQGZRPHQDW\HDUV and 23.7 years respectively. Table 7. Median Age at First Marriage by Sex and District: Parwan, September 2014 Median Age at First Marriage Province/District Male Female Parwan 25.0  Charikar 25.2 21.9 %DJUDP 24.7 21.5 Shinwari 23.4 20.2 Sayid Khail 25.0 21.8 -DEXOXVVDUDM  22.3 Salang 24.7 21.4 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 25.2  .RKL6DÀ 22.5 19.7 Surkhi Parsa  22.7 Shaykh Ali 27.2 23.7

7. 2 LITERACY

7KH8QLWHG1DWLRQVGHÀQHVOLWHUDF\DVWKHDELOLW\WRUHDG Text Box 3: Literacy Rate for 10 Years and Older and write, with understanding, a short simple statement on everyday life. The UN recommends that data on Parwan (2014) 44.9 OLWHUDF\EHFROOHFWHGLQFHQVXVHVIRUSHUVRQVDJHG Kapisa (2014) 52.2 \HDUV DQG ROGHU EHFDXVH WKH DELOLW\ WR UHDG DQG ZULWH Kabul (2013) 59.6 requires some years of schooling or time to develop. In Ghor (2012) 26.0 Daykundi (2012) 43.6 censuses, the answers to the cited question on literacy Bamiyan (2011) 38.1 are generally accepted at face value. Source: SDES In the 2014 Parwan SDES, the question on whether a PHPEHURIWKHVDPSOHKRXVHKROGFDQUHDGDQGZULWHZLWKXQGHUVWDQGLQJDVLPSOHPHVVDJHLQDQ\ ODQJXDJH ZDV DVNHG IRU DOO KRXVHKROG PHPEHUV DJHG ÀYH \HDUV DQG DERYH /LWHUDF\ UDWHV IRU WKH SRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGDERYH\HDUVDQGDERYHDQGWKH²DJHJURXSDUHJLYHQLQ7DEOH 8. The data excludes the 5-9 age group.

At 44.9 percent, Parwan Province’s literacy rate for 10 years old and over was higher than the WKUHHSURYLQFHV *KRU'D\NXQGLDQG%DPL\DQ ZKHUHWKH6'(6KDVEHHQFDUULHGRXW 7H[W%R[  7KHOLWHUDF\UDWHIRUPDOHVZDVSHUFHQWWKULFHWKDWIRUIHPDOHV$WWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOWKH PDOHOLWHUDF\UDWHUDQJHGIURPSHUFHQWLQ.RKL6DÀWRSHUFHQWLQ6D\LG.KDLO/LNHZLVH the female literacy rate was ORZHVWLQ.RKL6DÀ SHUFHQW DQGKLJKHVWLQ-DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQW 

30 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7KHUHZHUHVLJQLÀFDQWJDSVEHWZHHQPDOHDQG Text Box 4: Literacy Rate for 15–24 Age Group IHPDOHOLWHUDF\UDWHV 7DEOH )RUWKHSURYLQFH DVDZKROHIHPDOHVZHUHOLWHUDWHIRUHYHU\ Male Female OLWHUDWHPDOHV Parwan (2014)* 78.8 35.7 Kapisa (2014)* 86.3 48.3 Kabul (2013)* 83.3 68.4 .RKL 6DÀ ZKLFK KDG WKH ORZHVW IHPDOH OLWHUDF\ UDWH Ghor (2012)* 42.0 15.8 DOVRKDGWKHORZHVWIHPDOHPDOHUDWLRZLWKRQO\OLWHUDWH Daykundi (2012)* 67.2 46.5 Bamiyan (2011)* 61.6 34.1 females for every 100 literate males aged 10 years old Afghanistan** 61.9 32.1 DQG RYHU -DEXOXVVDUDM ZKLFK KDG WKH KLJKHVW IHPDOH OLWHUDF\UDWHDOVRKDGWKHKLJKHVWIHPDOHPDOHOLWHUDF\ Source:* SDES ratio at 52 women for every 100 men. **NRVA 2011-2012

7KHOLWHUDF\UDWHVVKRZQLQ7DEOHIRUWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGDERYHZHUHKLJKHUWKDQWKRVH DJHG\HDUVDQGDERYH7KLVVXJJHVWVDQLPSURYHPHQWLQOLWHUDF\HVSHFLDOO\LQWKH²DJHJURXS 7KLVGDWDDOVRLOOXVWUDWHVDQDUURZLQJRIWKHJDSEHWZHHQPDOHDQGIHPDOHOLWHUDF\UDWHVWKHIHPDOH PDOHUDWLRIRUWKRVHDJHG\HDUVDQGDERYHZDVORZHUIRUWKRVHDJHG\HDUVDQGRYHU  

7KHOLWHUDF\UDWHIRUWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGDERYHZDVSHUFHQWIRUERWKVH[HV SHUFHQWIRUPDOHVDQGSHUFHQWIRUIHPDOHV7KHOLWHUDF\UDWHVIRUWKRVHDJHG\HDUVDQG DERYHZHUHKLJKHUWKDQ$IJKDQLVWDQ·VRYHUDOOOLWHUDF\UDWHRISHUFHQW SHUFHQWIRUPDOHVDQG 17 percent for females).

7DEOHVKRZVWKHOLWHUDF\UDWHVIRUPHQDQGZRPHQLQWKH²DJHJURXS GHÀQHGDVWKH\RXWK SRSXODWLRQ DQGWKHUDWLRRIZRPHQ·VDQGPHQ·VOLWHUDF\UDWHVLQWKLVDJHJURXSE\GLVWULFW7KLVLVRQH RIWKHLQGLFDWRUVIRU0LOOHQQLXP'HYHORSPHQW*RDO 0'* WRSURPRWHJHQGHUHTXDOLW\DQGHPSRZHU ZRPHQ,QWKLVDJHJURXSWKHIHPDOHPDOH\RXWKOLWHUDF\UDWLRZDVSHUFHQWDQGDERXWWKUHHLQÀYH ZHUHFRQVLGHUHGOLWHUDWH&ORVHWRIRXULQÀYHPDOH\RXWKVDQGWKUHHLQWHQIHPDOH\RXWKVZHUHOLWHUDWH Table 8. Literacy Rate for Males and Females by Major Age Group and District: Parwan, September 2014

10 Years and Above 15 Years Old and Above 15 to 24 Years Old Province/ Both Female/ Male Both Female/ Male Both Female/ Male District Male Female Male Female Male Female Sexes Ratio Sexes Ratio Sexes Ratio

Parwan 44.9  24.9 39.2  59.3  31.5 58.1 78.8 35.7 45.2

Charikar 48.0  32.3 51.4 42.1 58.1 25.0 43.0  77.5  58.9

%DJUDP 39.3 59.1 18.1 30.7 34.3 54.5 13.0 23.8  72.5 24.5 33.8

Shinwari 31.8 52.2 10.4 20.0 25.8 44.5  15.0 41.7  14.5 21.0

Sayid Khail 51.4 72.2 29.2 40.5 47.5 70.4 23.1 32.9   43.2 48.2

-DEXOXVVDUDM 53.5   52.5 48.0  28.1 42.4 70.3 84.9 53.7 

Salang 45.0  27.9 44.9   18.3  59.9 82.4 37.8 45.9

Syahgirdi 47.2  22.9 32.9 43.0  17.4    33.7 39.4 *KRUEDQG

.RKL6DÀ 27.8 49.5 4.7 9.4 25.3  2.7  35.9  4.8 7.3

Surkhi Parsa 47.7  24.9  42.1  18.0 27.9 59.8 80.7 35.9 

Shaykh Ali 48.4   38.4 42.5   28.3  83.7 38.1 45.5

31 PARWAN

Figure 7. Literacy Rate by Age Group and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

ϭϬϬ > ŝ ϵϬ ϴϮ͘Ϯ ƚ ϴϬ͘ϯ Ğ ϴϬ ϳϰ͘ϳ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ ƌ Ă ϳϬ Đ ϱϵ͘ϯ LJ ϲϬ ϱϭ͘ϱ ϰϵ͘Ϭ ϰϲ͘Ϭ ϱϬ ϰϰ͘Ϯ ϰϭ͘ϲ ϰϮ͘ϵ ϰϭ͘Ϯ ϰϭ͘ϲ ϰϬ Z Ϯϴ͘Ϭ Ϯϴ͘ϭ Ă ϯϬ ƚ Ğ ϮϬ ϭϯ͘Ϯ ϴ͘ϵ ϴ͘ϰ ϲ͘ϱ ϳ͘ϭ ϲ͘Ϯ ϱ͘ϵ ϭϬ ϯ͘ϴ ϯ͘ϰ ϭ͘ϱ й Ϭ ϱͲϵ ϭϬͲϭϰ ϭϱͲϭϵ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϮϱͲϮϵ ϯϬͲϯϰ ϯϱͲϯϵ ϰϬͲϰϰ ϰϱͲϰϵ ϱϬͲϱϰ ϱϱͲϱϵ ϲϬĂŶĚ ŽǀĞƌ At the district level, the ratio ranged from seven literate female youths for every 100 literate male youths .RKL6DÀ WROLWHUDWHIHPDOH\RXWKVIRUHYHU\OLWHUDWHPDOH\RXWKV -DEXOXVVDUDM 6D\LG.KDLOKDG WKHKLJKHVWPDOH\RXWKOLWHUDF\UDWHDWSHUFHQWIROORZHGE\6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGDWSHUFHQW -DEXOXVVDUDMKDGWKHKLJKHVWIHPDOH\RXWKOLWHUDF\UDWHDWSHUFHQWIROORZHGE\&KDULNDUDW SHUFHQW.RKL6DÀKDGERWKWKHORZHVWPDOHDQGIHPDOH\RXWKOLWHUDF\UDWHVDWSHUFHQWDQG percent, respectively.

5HFHQW LPSURYHPHQW LQ 3DUZDQ·V OLWHUDF\ PD\ EH LQIHUUHG IURP )LJXUH7KHOLWHUDF\UDWHVIRUWKH  DJH JURXS IRU ERWK PDOHV DQG IHPDOHV ZHUH VLJQLÀFDQWO\ KLJKHU WKDQ WKH RWKHU DJH JURXSV Older groups generally have similar rates, suggesting that there was no improvement in literacy for DERXWWKUHHGHFDGHV7KHUHODWLYHO\KLJKHUOLWHUDF\DPRQJWKHVFKRRODJHSRSXODWLRQVXJJHVWVUHFHQW improvements in the educational system and higher school participation.

7.3 EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

(GXFDWLRQDODWWDLQPHQWLVGHÀQHGDVWKHKLJKHVWFODVVFRPSOHWHGE\DQLQGLYLGXDODQGLVDVVHVVHGE\ H[DPLQLQJGDWDRQWKHKLJKHVWJUDGHFODVVRUOHYHORIHGXFDWLRQFRPSOHWHGE\WKRVHDJHG\HDUVDQG DERYHZKHQWKH\DUHOLNHO\WRKDYHFRPSOHWHGVFKRROLQJRUSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQFROOHJH7DEOHV²SUHVHQW WKHKLJKHVWOHYHORIHGXFDWLRQFRPSOHWHGE\WKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGDERYHLQ3DUZDQDQGLWV districts.

32 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 9. Percent Distribution of Total Population (Both Sexes) 25 Years and Above, by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014 No Classes Classes Classes Vocational and Higher Province/ District Schooling 1-6 7-9 10-12 Education Parwan   5.2 9.1 4.3 Charikar 72.9  5.1 10.1 5.8 %DJUDP  7.2 5.2 8.4 2.8 Shinwari 85.9 3.5  4.2 3.8 Sayid Khail    13.3  -DEXOXVVDUDM  5.9 5.7 15.3  Salang 81.9  4.3 4.3 2.5 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 71.9 8.1  9.5 4.0 .RKL6DÀ 83.2  4.1 5.1 2.0 Surkhi Parsa 74.0 9.8   3.5 Shaykh Ali  7.3 5.0 5.2 5.9 7KUHHIRXUWKVRI3DUZDQUHVLGHQWVDJHG\HDUVKDGQRWDWWHQGHGVFKRRORUKDGDWWHQGHGEXWKDGQRW FRPSOHWHGWKHÀUVWFODVVDWWKHWLPHRIWKHVXUYH\ SHUFHQW )RUPDOHVWKHSHUFHQWDJHZDV SHUFHQW 7DEOH *HQHUDOO\PHQLQ6KLQZDULZHUHOHVVHGXFDWHGFRPSDUHGWRWKHLUFRXQWHUSDUWVLQ other districts, with seven in ten lacking schooling or had not completed any class. Table 10. Percent Distribution of Male Population 25 Years and Above, by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014

No Classes Classes Classes Vocational and Province/ District Schooling 1-6 7-9 10-12 Higher Education Parwan  11.2 8.8  7.7 Charikar  9.5 7.9  9.4 %DJUDP 57.9 12.4 9.1 15.5 5.1 Shinwari 73.7  4.7 7.7 7.4 Sayid Khail 40.1 13.5 10.7 24.3 11.5 -DEXOXVVDUDM  9.0 8.9  7.8 Salang   7.4 8.2 4.8 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 51.1 13.4 11.1 17.2 7.3 .RKL6DÀ  10.1 7.3 9.8 3.7 Surkhi Parsa 54.1  11.5 11.2  Shaykh Ali 57.3 12.8 9.2 9.3 11.4 7KRVHZKRDWWHQGHGFODVVHV²RUUHFHLYHGYRFDWLRQDORUKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQFRPSULVHGDYHU\VPDOO proportion (13.4 percent). Among males aged 25 years or older in Sayid Khail, 35.8 percent had attained RUFRPSOHWHGFODVVHV²YRFDWLRQDORUKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ7KLVZDVIROORZHGE\-DEXOXVVDUDM  SHUFHQW DQG&KDULNDU SHUFHQW ZKLOHWKHUHPDLQLQJGLVWULFWVKDGOHVVWKDQSHUFHQWFRPSOHWLQJ DWOHDVWFODVV:RPHQLQ3DUZDQZHUHOHVVOLNHO\WRJRWRVFKRROWKDQPHQQLQHLQWHQZRPHQKDG QRWFRPSOHWHGDQ\FODVV 7DEOH $OPRVWDOOZRPHQDJHG\HDUVRUROGHULQ.RKL6DÀDQG6KLQZDUL KDGQRWJRQHWRVFKRROZLWKSHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\

33 PARWAN

Table 11. Percentage Distribution of Female Population 25 Years and Above, by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014

No Classes Classes Classes Vocational and Higher Province/ District Schooling 1-6 7-9 10-12 Education Parwan 93.8 2.2 1.5 1.7 0.9 Charikar 90.4  2.2 2.9 1.9 %DJUDP 95.4 2.0 1.1 1.1 0.4 Shinwari  0.4 0.4  0.1 Sayid Khail 92.3   1.9  -DEXOXVVDUDM 90.7  2.3 3.1 1.3 Salang  1.3 1.2 0.5 0.3 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 94.4 2.5 1.4 1.2  .RKL6DÀ 98.8  0.4 0.1 0.1 Surkhi Parsa 94.8 2.8 1.3 0.8 0.2 Shaykh Ali    0.9 0.0

1HWDWWHQGDQFHUDWLRVIRUSULPDU\ FODVVHV² VHFRQGDU\ FODVVHV² DQGKLJKVFKRRO FODVVHV²  DUHSUHVHQWHGLQ7DEOH7KHVHDUHWKHUDWLRVRIFKLOGUHQLQWKHDJHJURXSRIÀFLDOO\FRUUHVSRQGLQJ WRWKHFODVVOHYHO LH²\HDUROGVIRUSULPDU\VFKRRO²\HDUROGVIRUVHFRQGDU\VFKRRODQG ²\HDUROGVIRUKLJKVFKRRO WRWKHWRWDOQXPEHURI Text Box 5: Net Primary Attendance Rate children in these respective age groups. An estimated WKRXVDQGFKLOGUHQDJHG²\HDUVLQ3DUZDQZHUH Male Female attending primary school at the time of the survey; 20 Parwan (2014)* 79.8 51.2 WKRXVDQG FKLOGUHQ DJHG ² \HDUV ZHUH DWWHQGLQJ Kapisa (2014)* 83.4 62.0 VHFRQGDU\VFKRRODQGVRPHWKRXVDQGDJHG² Kabul (2013)* 74.4 60.4 \HDUVZHUHLQKLJKVFKRRO7KHVHQXPEHUVWUDQVODWHLQWR Ghor (2012)* 45.7 32.1 QHWDWWHQGDQFHUDWLRVRISHUFHQWIRUSULPDU\VFKRRO Daykundi (2012)* 65.7 61.4 38.2 percent for secondary school, and 28.5 percent for Bamiyan (2011)* 59.5 53.3 high school. The net primary attendance rate for Parwan Afghanistan** 64.0 48.0 ZDVKLJKHUWKDQWKHQDWLRQDOUDWHRISHUFHQW Sources:* SDES **NRVA 2011-2012 1HWDWWHQGDQFHUDWLRVIRUER\VDWDOOOHYHOVRIHGXFDWLRQ ZHUHKLJKHUWKDQIRUJLUOV7KHUDWLRRIJLUOVWRER\V GHFOLQHGZLWKLQFUHDVLQJOHYHOVRIHGXFDWLRQ,Q3DUZDQ3URYLQFHIRUHYHU\ER\VDJHG²\HDUV ZKRZHUHDWWHQGLQJSULPDU\VFKRROWKHUHZHUHJLUOVRIWKHVDPHDJHJURXSDWWKDWOHYHORIHGXFDWLRQ $WWKHKLJKVFKRROOHYHOWKHUDWLRZDVORZHUZLWKRQO\JLUOVDJHG²IRUHYHU\ER\V

-DEXOXVVDUDMZKLFKKDGWKHKLJKHVWIHPDOHOLWHUDF\UDWHDQGWKHKLJKHVWIHPDOHWRPDOHOLWHUDF\UDWLR also had the highest female-to-male net attendance ratios at all levels. It recorded a ratio of 57 female KLJKVFKRRODWWHQGHHVIRUHYHU\PDOHDWWHQGHHV DJHV\HDUV 

The net attendance ratio is much lower in higher education than at other levels, with only 29 females DJHG²\HDUVIRUHYHU\PDOHVDWWHQGLQJYRFDWLRQDOWHFKQLFDOEDFKHORUVPDVWHUVRUGRFWRUDO courses. Charikar reported the second to highest attendance ratio of 40 females for every 100 males DJHG²\HDUVZKLOH.RKL6DÀFRQVLVWHQWO\UHJLVWHUHGWKHORZHVWIHPDOHWRPDOHQHWDWWHQGDQFH ratios at all levels.

34 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY  27.2 28.7   Male Female/ 7.4 1.5 13.0  8.2 51.1 (A19-24)     Male Female 9.3 12.4 5.8 9.2 12.9 4.8 37.2   A t t e n d i n g C l a s s e s 1 3 a n d H i g h e r 12.4 Both Both Sexes 20.7 7.1 11.8 1.8 15.2   54.2 13.4 Male Female/ 0.7 2.2 4.2 7.9 0.4   12.8 27.7 18.9 45.5 15.4 23.3 (Ages 16-18)      33.5 Male Female At t e n d i n g C l a s s e s 10 -12    38.5 Both Both Sexes 47.9 29.3  59.9 30.9 39.9 28.4 31.9 49.5 13.5 27.2 12.8 21.3 3.1 14.7 22.4 23.5 37.2 8.7 23.5 8.5 14.7 2.5 17.2 Male Female/ 27.4 41.0 34.9 53.7 15.9   (Ages 13-15)      Male Female A t t e n d i n g C l a s s e s 7- 9 27.1 49.2 2.3 4.7 42.1 29.7 47.4 49.9 59.5 39.9 34.0 47.1 19.3 41.0 21.8 33.9 9.1 39.5 54.7 24.8 45.4 29.2 40.8 51.1 40.5 28.3 43.4 12.7 29.2 48.3 38.2 52.9 22.8 43.1 28.5 41.4 15.3 37.0 10.7 Both Both Sexes 82.1 74.9   59.2 73.3 55.8   Male Female/     (Ages 7-12) 77.1 50.4 79.8 51.2 80.4         Male Female A t t e n d i n g C l a s s e s 1 - 6 52.1 75.0 27.4 72.7 83.4  58.7 74.5 73.4 72.0 79.0 54.0 79.7 28.8 73.8    Both Both Sexes District Province/ Surkhi Parsa .RKL6DÀ Shaykh AliShaykh Shinwari Sayid Khail %DJUDP -DEXOXVVDUDM Parwan Salang Charikar Syahgirdi Syahgirdi *KRUEDQG Table 12. Net Attendance Ratio by Sex, Level of Education and District: Parwan, September 2014 and District: Parwan, September Education of Level Sex, by Ratio 12. Attendance Net Table

35 PARWAN

Figure 8. Percentage Distribution of Male Population Aged 7 to 24 Who Were Not Attending School at the Time of the Survey by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014

ϴϬ͘Ϭ EŽ^ĐŚŽŽůŝŶŐ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭͲϲ ůĂƐƐĞƐϳͲϵ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭϬͲϭϮ sŽĐĂƚŝŽŶĂůΘ,ŝŐŚĞƌ

ϳϬ͘Ϭ

ϲϬ͘Ϭ

ϱϬ͘Ϭ

ϰϬ͘Ϭ

ϯϬ͘Ϭ

ϮϬ͘Ϭ

ϭϬ͘Ϭ

Ϭ͘Ϭ

Figure 9. Percentage Distribution of Female Population Aged 7 to 24 Who Were Not Attending School at the Time of the Survey by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014

EŽ^ĐŚŽŽůŝŶŐ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭͲϲ ůĂƐƐĞƐϳͲϵ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭϬͲϭϮ sŽĐĂƚŝŽŶĂůΘ,ŝŐŚĞƌ ϭϬϬ͘Ϭ

ϵϬ͘Ϭ

ϴϬ͘Ϭ

ϳϬ͘Ϭ

ϲϬ͘Ϭ

ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϰϬ͘Ϭ

ϯϬ͘Ϭ

ϮϬ͘Ϭ

ϭϬ͘Ϭ

Ϭ͘Ϭ

)LJXUHVDQGVKRZWKHPDOHDQGIHPDOHSRSXODWLRQDJHG²\HDUVZKRZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRRO DWWKHWLPHRIWKHVXUYH\E\KLJKHVWFODVVFRPSOHWHG6RPHWKRXVDQGUHVLGHQWVRI3DUZDQDJHG ²\HDUVFRQVLVWLQJRIWKRXVDQGPDOHVDQGWKRXVDQGIHPDOHVZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRRO at the time of the survey. A large majority of the population who were out of school had not completed FODVV)RU3DUZDQ3URYLQFHSHUFHQWRIPDOHVDJHG²\HDUVZKRZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRRO

36 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

at the time of the survey had never attended school or if they had attended, had not completed class 1. The corresponding proportion among their female counterparts was 85.7 percent. Shinwari had the KLJKHVWSHUFHQWDJHRIWKHPDOH SHUFHQW DQGIHPDOH SHUFHQW SRSXODWLRQDJHG²ZKR were not attending school and had never attended school or not completed class 1.

7.4 MIGRATION

Some 155 thousand residents of Parwan, comprising 22.7 percent of the total population of the province, had resided elsewhere for at least six months, that is, in another district within Parwan, in DQRWKHUSURYLQFHRUDEURDG7KHFRUUHVSRQGLQJSURSRUWLRQDPRQJWKHPDOHSRSXODWLRQ SHUFHQW  ZDVKLJKHUWKDQDPRQJWKHIHPDOHSRSXODWLRQ SHUFHQW %DJUDP'LVWULFWKDGWKHODUJHVWSURSRUWLRQ RIWKHVHLQPLJUDQWV )LJXUH EDVHGRQWKHWRWDOSRSXODWLRQSHUGLVWULFW

Figure 10. Proportion of In-migrants by Sex and District: Parwan, September 2014

EŽ^ĐŚŽŽůŝŶŐ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭͲϲ ůĂƐƐĞƐϳͲϵ ůĂƐƐĞƐϭϬͲϭϮ sŽĐĂƚŝŽŶĂůΘ,ŝŐŚĞƌ ϭϬϬ͘Ϭ

ϵϬ͘Ϭ

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ϳϬ͘Ϭ

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7DEOHVKRZVWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHSRSXODWLRQZKRKDYHUHVLGHGLQDSODFHRWKHUWKDQWKHLUGLVWULFWRU FLW\RIUHVLGHQFHDWWKHWLPHRIWKHVXUYH\E\SUHYLRXVSURYLQFHGLVWULFWRIUHVLGHQFH,Q.RKL6DÀQLQH LQWHQRIWKHLQPLJUDQWSRSXODWLRQFDPHIURPDEURDG SHUFHQW 

/LNHZLVHH[FHSWLQ6XUNKL3DUVD6KD\NK$OLDQG-DEXOXVVDUDMPRVWLQPLJUDQWVFDPHIURPDEURDGZLWK the the proportion varying from 42.1 percent in Sayid Khail to 85.7 percent in Shinwari. Conversely, the ODUJHVWSURSRUWLRQRIWKHLQPLJUDQWVLQ6XUNKL3DUVD6KD\NK$OL6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGDQG-DEXOXVVDUDM FDPHIURPRWKHUSURYLQFHVZLWKSHUFHQWSHUFHQWSHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\

37 PARWAN

Table 13. Percentage Distribution of In-migrants by Previous Place of Residence and District: Parwan, September 2014

Previous Residence District Other districts in Neighbouring Other Abroad Parwan Provinces1 Provinces Charikar 14.0 17.8 30.9 37.3 %DJUDP 2.8  21.9  Shinwari 4.0 2.3 7.9 85.7 Sayid Khail 20.0 15.3  42.1 -DEXOXVVDUDM 19.8 28.5 31.0 20.7 Salang 11.9 23.8 11.5 52.7 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 4.3 4.7 41.7 49.3 .RKL6DÀ 2.3 2.4 4.5 90.9 Surkhi Parsa 3.4 14.0  20.0 Shaykh Ali 4.7 13.1 45.7 

)LJXUH VKRZV WKH GLVWULEXWLRQ RI LQPLJUDQWV SHU GLVWULFW WRWKHWRWDOLQPLJUDQWVRIWKHSURYLQFH &KDULNDULVWKHIDYRULWHGHVWLQDWLRQZLWKDSHUFHQWVKDUHRIWKHWRWDOLQPLJUDQWV%DJUDPZDVWKH VHFRQGPRVWSRSXODUGHVWLQDWLRQZLWKDSHUFHQWVKDUHZKLOH.RKL6DÀKDGRQO\SHUFHQWRIWKH total in-migrants in the province.

Figure 11. Percentage Distribution of In-migrants to Total In-migrants in the Province by District: Parwan, September 2014

Charikar 36.6 Bagram 31.9 Syahgirdi Ghorband 11.7 Salang 4.3 Jabulussaraj 4.1 Sayid Khail 3.2 Shaykh Ali 3.2 Surkhi Parsa 2.2 Shinwari 2.0 Kohi Safi 0.8

0.0 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0 30.0 35.0 40.0

7DEOH  UHYHDOV WKDW QLQH RXW RI WHQ FXUUHQW UHVLGHQWV RI 3DUZDQ  SHUFHQW  ZHUH ERUQ LQ WKLV SURYLQFH$ERXWSHUFHQWZHUHERUQLQRWKHUSURYLQFHVZKLOHWKHUHPDLQLQJSHUFHQWZHUHERUQLQ IRUHLJQFRXQWULHV$WWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOLQ%DJUDPSHUFHQWZHUHERUQLQRWKHUFRXQWULHV

38 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 14. Percentage Distribution of Population by Place of Birth and District: Parwan Province, September 2014

Place of Birth Province/District Parwan Other Province Other Country Parwan 93.9 4.2 1.9 Charikar 92.5 5.7 1.8 %DJUDP 87.9  5.5 Shinwari 98.7 0.2 1.1 Sayid Khail  3.0 0.7 -DEXOXVVDUDM 97.2  0.3 Salang  2.0  6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 95.3 4.2 0.5 .RKL6DÀ 98.4 0.3 1.3 Surkhi Parsa 94.7 4.9 0.4 Shaykh Ali   

7DEOHSUHVHQWVGDWDRQWKHOHQJWKRIVWD\LQWKHGLVWULFWRIUHVLGHQFHDWWKHWLPHRIVXUYH\IRU LQPLJUDQWV2IWKHVHSHUFHQWKDGEHHQUHVLGLQJLQWKHLUFXUUHQWGLVWULFWRIUHVLGHQFHIRU OHVVWKDQRQH\HDUZKLOHSHUFHQWIRU²\HDUV$QRWKHUSHUFHQWKDGUHVLGHGLQWKHLU FXUUHQWGLVWULFWRIUHVLGHQFHIRU²\HDUVSHUFHQWIRU²\HDUVDQGSHUFHQWIRU \HDUVRUPRUH,Q%DJUDPZKHUHSHUFHQWZHUHLQPLJUDQWVWKHSURSRUWLRQRIUHFHQW PRYHUV OHVVWKDQ\HDUV ZDVWKHKLJKHVWDPRQJWKHGLVWULFWV SHUFHQW 7KHSURSRUWLRQ RILQPLJUDQWVZLWKOHQJWK\VWD\V \HDUVRUPRUH LQ6XUNKL3DUVDDQG-DEXOXVVDUDMZDV PXFKKLJKHUWKDQLQRWKHUGLVWULFWVDWSHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\

Table 15. Percentage Distribution of In-migrants by Duration of Stay in the Current District of Residence and District: Parwan, September 2014

Duration of Stay in the Current District of Residence District Less than 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-19 20 years or one year years years years years more Parwan 3.8 11.8 12.8 11.1 32.3 28.2 Charikar 3.9 11.9 13.3 11.5  23.1 %DJUDP 3.9  15.4 13.1 37.9 17.1 Shinwari 3.2  12.5 10.1 25.5  Sayid Khail 3.0 11.0 11.3 10.7 29.5 34.5 -DEXOXVVDUDM 2.0 10.8 10.7 9.8 29.8 37.0 Salang 4.3 12.2 12.7 12.1  27.0 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 5.4 11.8 12.2 9.9 27.5 33.2 .RKL6DÀ 3.1 12.3  10.5  35.9 Surkhi Parsa  10.7 10.7 9.5  38.9 Shaykh Ali 3.0 10.0 9.8 9.8 35.3 32.1

39 PARWAN

$ERXWQLQHLQWHQLQPLJUDQWVZHUHLQWKHLUFXUUHQWGLVWULFWRIUHVLGHQFHGXULQJ1DZUR]2. Only 0.4 percent was residing in other districts of Parwan, 1.9 percent in other provinces, and 1.0 percent in RWKHUFRXQWULHVZKLOHSHUFHQWZHUHQRW\HWERUQLQ1DZUR] 7DEOH 

Table 16. Percentage Distribution of In-Migrants by Residence in Nawroz 1390 and District: Parwan, September 2014

Residence in Nawroz 1390 Province/District Same District/ Other District Other Other Not Yet Born in Province in Parwan Province Country Nawroz 1390 Parwan 89.3 0.4 1.9 1.0 7.4 Charikar 89.7 0.7 2.1 0.5 7.1 %DJUDP 88.5 0.3 2.2 1.2 7.8 Shinwari 90.0 0.0 0.1 1.1 8.7 Sayid Khail 91.1 0.2 0.7 0.3 7.7 -DEXOXVVDUDM 93.2 0.2 1.0 0.2 5.4 Salang  0.4 1.4 1.4 8.3 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG   3.4 2.5 7.5 .RKL6DÀ 85.9 0.1 0.1 2.3  Surkhi Parsa 90.0 0.1 3.3 0.2  Shaykh Ali 91.7 0.2 1.7 0.8 

7.5 ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

7.5.1 Economic Activity of 15 Years Old and Over

7KH6'(6FROOHFWHGGDWDRQWKHPDLQDFWLYLW\FDUULHGRXWE\KRXVHKROGPHPEHUVDJHG\HDUVRUROGHU during the 12 months prior to the survey.

$PRQJWKHSRSXODWLRQ\HDUVRUROGHUSHUFHQWZHUHUHSRUWHGWRKDYHVRPHZRUNIRUVL[PRQWKV RUPRUHGXULQJWKHPRQWKVSULRUWRWKHVXUYH\$ODUJHUSURSRUWLRQZDVUHFRUGHGDPRQJPDOHV  SHUFHQW FRPSDUHGWRIHPDOHV SHUFHQW 3HUVRQVZKRZRUNHGIRUOHVVWKDQPRQWKVFRQVWLWXWHG percent (2.4 percent among males and 0.8 percent among females), while persons who did not work DWDOOGXULQJWKHUHIHUHQFHSHULRGFRPSULVHGSHUFHQW$PRQJIHPDOHVSHUFHQWGLGQRWZRUN compared to only 31.5 percent among males.

Ϯ͘EĂǁƌŽnjϭϯϵϬ;DĂƌĐŚϮϬϭϭͿŝƐƵƐĞĚĂƐƚŚĞĐŽŵŵŽŶƌĞĨĞƌĞŶĐĞƉĞƌŝŽĚĨŽƌĂůů^^ƚŽĂĐŚŝĞǀĞĂĐŽŶƐŽůŝĚĂƚĞĚƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶĐŽƵŶƚĨŽƌƚŚĞĞŶƟƌĞĐŽƵŶƚƌLJ͘ /ƚǁĂƐĚƵƌŝŶŐƚŚĂƚLJĞĂƌƚŚĂƚƚŚĞĮƌƐƚ^^ǁĂƐĐŽŶĚƵĐƚĞĚŝŶĂŵŝLJĂŶ͘

40 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Figure 12. Percentage of Population 15 Years and Older by Work Status and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

ϭϬϬ͘Ϭ ϵϯ͘ϵ ϵϬ͘Ϭ ϴϬ͘Ϭ ϲϲ͘ϭ ŽƚŚ^ĞdžĞƐ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ ϳϬ͘Ϭ ϲϭ͘ϳ ϲϬ͘Ϭ ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϯϲ͘ϲ ϰϬ͘Ϭ ϯϭ͘ϱ ϯϬ͘Ϭ ϮϬ͘Ϭ ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϱ͘ϯ ϭ͘ϲ Ϯ͘ϰ Ϭ͘ϴ Ϭ͘Ϭ tŽƌŬĞĚĨŽƌϲDŽŶƚŚƐŽƌDŽƌĞ tŽƌŬĞĚůĞƐƐƚŚĂŶϲDŽŶƚŚƐ ŝĚEŽƚtŽƌŬ

Figure 13 shows that the proportion among the male population aged 15 years and older who had VRPHZRUN UHJDUGOHVVRIWKHQXPEHURIPRQWKVZRUNHG GXULQJWKHUHIHUHQFH\HDUZDVPXFKKLJKHU WKDQDPRQJWKHLUIHPDOHFRXQWHUSDUWV SHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\ 7KLVSDWWHUQZDV REVHUYHGLQDOOGLVWULFWV)RUERWKPDOHVDQGIHPDOHVWKHKLJKHVWSHUFHQWDJHVZHUHLQ6XUNKL3DUVDDW 72.4 percent for males and 15.7 percent for females. The lowest percentage for males was reported in -DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQW DQGIRUIHPDOHV.RKL6DÀDQG%DJUDP DQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\ 

Figure 13. Percentage of Population Aged 15 Years or Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey by Sex and District: Parwan, September 2014

ŽƚŚ^ĞdžĞƐ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ ϴϬ͘Ϭ ϳϮ͘ϰ ϳϬ͘ϴ ϳϬ͘ϭ ϲϴ͘ϱ ϲϵ͘ϰ ϲϳ͘ϴ ϲϵ͘ϯ ϲϴ͘Ϯ ϲϴ͘ϴ ϳϬ͘Ϭ ϲϲ͘Ϭ ϲϯ͘ϭ ϲϬ͘Ϭ

ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϰϱ͘Ϯ ϰϬ͘ϳ ϰϭ͘ϯ ϯϴ͘ϯ ϯϴ͘Ϭ ϯϳ͘ϯ ϯϴ͘Ϯ ϯϴ͘ϯ ϯϴ͘ϵ ϰϬ͘Ϭ ϯϰ͘ϭ ϯϱ͘ϴ

ϯϬ͘Ϭ

ϮϬ͘Ϭ ϭϱ͘ϳ ϭϯ͘Ϭ ϭϮ͘ϵ ϴ͘Ϭ ϴ͘Ϭ ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϲ͘ϭ ϰ͘ϲ ϱ͘Ϯ ϭ͘ϵ Ϯ͘ϱ Ϭ͘ϲ Ϭ͘Ϭ

41 PARWAN

Figure 14 reveals that more than half of the population aged 15 years and older in all districts did QRWZRUNZLWKWKHORZHVWSURSRUWLRQLQ6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW DQGKLJKHVWLQ-DEXOXVVDUM  percent). Conversely, the highest proportion of population who worked for six months or more was in Surkhi Parsa with 44.3 percent, while in Salang, 7.9 percent worked for less than six months. For the rest of the districts, the percentage of those who worked for six months or more varied from 33.0 SHUFHQW .RKL6DÀ WRSHUFHQW 6KLQZDULDQG6KD\NK$OL 

Figure 14. Percentage of Population 15 Years and Older by Work Status and District: Parwan, September 2014

tŽƌŬĞĚϲDŽŶƚŚƐŽƌDŽƌĞ tŽƌŬĞĚ>ĞƐƐƚŚĂŶϲDŽŶƚŚƐ ŝĚEŽƚtŽƌŬ ϳϬ͘Ϭ ϲϱ͘ϵ ϲϰ͘Ϯ ϲϮ͘ϳ ϲϭ͘ϳ ϲϮ͘Ϭ ϲϭ͘ϴ ϲϭ͘ϳ ϲϭ͘Ϭ ϱϵ͘ϯ ϱϴ͘ϳ ϲϬ͘Ϭ ϱϰ͘ϴ

ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϰϰ͘ϯ

ϯϳ͘ϰ ϯϳ͘ϴ ϯϳ͘ϴ ϰϬ͘Ϭ ϯϲ͘ϲ ϯϱ͘ϳ ϯϲ͘ϳ ϯϲ͘ϯ ϯϯ͘ϱ ϯϯ͘ϱ ϯϯ͘Ϭ

ϯϬ͘Ϭ

ϮϬ͘Ϭ

ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϳ͘ϵ ϯ͘Ϭ Ϯ͘ϴ ϭ͘ϲ Ϭ͘ϲ ϭ͘ϲ ϭ͘ϱ Ϭ͘ϲ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϭ͘ϵ ϭ͘ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ

Figure 15 shows the proportion of the population who worked six months or more, the proportion of those who worked less than six months, and the proportion of those who did not work during the 12 PRQWKVSULRUWRWKHVXUYH\DPRQJWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGROGHUE\ÀYH\HDUDJHJURXS

As expected, the proportion of persons who did not work during the reference period was highest in the ²DJHJURXS SHUFHQW 7KHSURSRUWLRQRIWKRVHZKRGLGQRWZRUNZDVDOVRKLJKHULQWKH \HDUVDQGRYHUDJHJURXS SHUFHQW DQGWKH²DJHJURXS SHUFHQW WKDQLQWKH²DJH group. Conversely, the proportion of those who worked for six months or more was lower in these age JURXSVWKDQDPRQJWKH²DJHJURXSDWSHUFHQWIRUWKH²DJHJURXSDQGSHUFHQWIRU WKH\HDUVROGDQGRYHUDJHJURXS

42 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Figure 15. Percentage of Population Aged 15 Years and Older by Work Status and Age Group: Parwan, September 2014

ϭϬϬ͘Ϭ

ϵϬ͘Ϭ ϴϰ͘Ϭ

ϴϬ͘Ϭ

ϲϴ͘ϳ ϳϬ͘Ϭ ϲϱ͘Ϯ

ϲϬ͘Ϭ ϱϰ͘ϭ ϱϮ͘ϯ ϱϯ͘Ϭ ϱϬ͘ϱ ϱϭ͘ϯ ϰϵ͘ϯ ϰϴ͘ϳ ϱϬ͘ϭ ϰϵ͘ϯ ϰϴ͘ϴ ϰϴ͘Ϯ ϰϳ͘ϴ ϰϲ͘ϴ ϱϬ͘Ϭ ϰϱ͘ϳ ϰϱ͘ϭ ϰϰ͘ϲ

ϰϬ͘Ϭ ϯϯ͘Ϭ ϯϬ͘Ϯ ϯϬ͘Ϭ

ϮϬ͘Ϭ ϭϰ͘ϴ

ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϭ͘Ϯ ϭ͘ϴ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϯ͘Ϭ ϭ͘ϳ ϭ͘ϵ ϭ͘ϳ ϭ͘ϴ ϭ͘ϵ ϭ͘ϯ ϭ͘ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ ϭϱͲϭϵ ϮϬͲϮϰ ϮϱͲϮϵ ϯϬͲϯϰ ϯϱͲϯϵ ϰϬͲϰϰ ϰϱͲϰϵ ϱϬͲϱϰ ϱϱͲϱϵ ϲϬͲϲϰ ϲϱĂŶĚ ŽǀĞƌ

tŽƌŬĞĚϲDŽŶƚŚƐŽƌDŽƌĞ tŽƌŬĞĚ>ĞƐƐϲDŽŶƚŚƐ ŝĚEŽƚtŽƌŬ

Of the 377 thousand people aged 15 years and older who reported having no work at all in the 12 PRQWKVSULRUWRWKHVXUYH\SHUFHQWZHUHHLWKHUDYDLODEOHIRUZRUNDQGKDGDFWLYHO\VRXJKWIRU ZRUNRUZHUHDYDLODEOHIRUZRUNEXWKDGQRWVRXJKWZRUNIRUYDULRXVUHDVRQVVXFKDVDZDLWLQJWKH UHVXOWRIDMREDSSOLFDWLRQWHPSRUDU\LOOQHVVRUEHOLHYHGWKDWWKHUHZDVQRZRUNIRUWKHP$ERXW SHUFHQWZHUHQRWDYDLODEOHIRUZRUN )LJXUH 

Figure 16. Percentage Distribution of Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Did Not Work in the 12 Months Prior to Survey, by Whether Available for Work or Not and District: Parwan, September 2014

95.5 95.9 100.0 92.4 90.3 90.6 89.6 91.8 91.8 90.7 85.6 90.0 82.1 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 17.1 20.0 14.0 10.0 9.3 8.9 7.8 7.7 7.3 9.0 10.0 3.9 3.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.0

Available for Work Not Available for Work Not Reported

43 PARWAN

)LJXUHVKRZVWKHSURSRUWLRQRIWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGROGHUZKRGLGQRWGRDQ\ZRUNEXW VHHNLQJIRUZRUNDQGWKRVHDYDLODEOHIRUZRUNEXWQRWORRNLQJIRUZRUNWRWKHWRWDOSRSXODWLRQ\HDUV old and over. In Parwan Province, for every 100 persons aged 15 years and older, six were not working EXWVHHNLQJRUDYDLODEOHIRUZRUN7KHUDWLRZDVKLJKHUIRUPDOHVWKDQIRUIHPDOHVVL[PDOHVZHUHQRW ZRUNLQJEXWVHHNLQJRUDYDLODEOHIRUZRUNIRUHYHU\PDOHVLQWKLVDJHJURXSZKLOHWKHUHZHUHRQO\ ÀYHIHPDOHVLQWKLVJURXSIRUHYHU\IHPDOHV$WWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOWKHSHUFHQWDJHIRUPDOHVYDULHG IURPSHUFHQWLQ6XUNKL3DUVDWRSHUFHQWHDFKLQ%DJUDPDQG-DEXOXVVDUDM)RUIHPDOHVWKLV YDULHGIURPSHUFHQWLQ.RKL6DÀWRSHUFHQWLQ6KD\NK$OL

Figure 17. Percentage of Population 15 Years and Older Who Were Not Working But Seeking or Available for Work to the Total Population 15 Years and Older by Sex and District: Parwan, September 2014

ϭϴ͘Ϭ ϭϲ͘Ϭ ϭϰ͘Ϭ ϭϮ͘Ϭ ŽƚŚ^ĞdžĞƐ DĂůĞ &ĞŵĂůĞ ϭϬ͘Ϭ ϴ͘Ϭ ϲ͘Ϭ ϰ͘Ϭ Ϯ͘Ϭ Ϭ͘Ϭ

7DEOHVKRZVDQDVVRFLDWLRQEHWZHHQOLWHUDF\DQGWKHHFRQRPLFVWDWXVDVPHDVXUHGE\WKH proportion of the population aged 15 years and older who had some work in the 12 months prior to VXUYH\UHJDUGOHVVRIWKHQXPEHURIPRQWKVWKH\ZRUNHG3HUVRQVZKRDUHOLWHUDWHDUHPRUHOLNHO\WR engage in economic activity than those who are illiterate.

7DEOHVKRZVWKHDVVRFLDWLRQEHWZHHQOLWHUDF\VWDWXVDQGEHLQJRXWRIZRUNGLGQRWVHHPWRKROGWUXH LQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHZKHUHWKHGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQOLWHUDWHDQGLOOLWHUDWHZDVRQO\SHUFHQWDJHSRLQWV ,QWKHGLVWULFWVWKHKLJKHVWSHUFHQWDJHSRLQWGLIIHUHQFHEHWZHHQOLWHUDWHDQGLOOLWHUDWHSRSXODWLRQQRW ZRUNLQJEXWVHHNLQJRUDYDLODEOHIRUZRUNZDVLQ%DJUDP SHUFHQWDJHSRLQWV 

44 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 17. Percentage of Population 15 Years and Older by Work and Literacy Status and District: Parwan, September 2014

Not Working But Seeking or Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey Province/ District Available for Work Total Literate Illiterate Total Literate Illiterate Parwan 38.3 47.8 32.0 5.7 7.1 4.8 Charikar 38.0 45.5  5.5 7.2 4.3 %DJUDP 37.3 50.5 30.5  9.0 4.9 Shinwari 40.7  39.7 8.3  8.5 Sayid Khail 38.2 50.5 27.1 4.8  3.4 -DEXOXVVDUDM 34.1 41.7 27.1 5.1   Salang 41.3 47.8  4.3  2.9 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 38.3 49.4 29.9   4.8 .RKL6DÀ 35.8 55.2 29.2 2.5 2.9 2.4 Surkhi Parsa 45.2 55.3 37.9 1.9 2.9 1.3 Shaykh Ali 39.0 50.3  10.4 10.5 10.4 )LJXUHVKRZVWKDWIRUPDOHVDQGIHPDOHVFRPELQHGWKHSHUFHQWDJHRIWKRVHZKRZHUHHQJDJHGLQ some economic activities at anytime during the 12 months prior to the survey was lowest among those who did not attend school or had not completed class 1 (32.4 percent) and highest among those who KDGUHDFKHGYRFDWLRQDODQGKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ SHUFHQW $PRQJPDOHVWKHSURSRUWLRQHQJDJHG in economic activity at anytime in the 12 months prior to the survey was highest for those with no VFKRROLQJDWSHUFHQW$PRQJWKHPDOHSRSXODWLRQZKRKDGUHDFKHGSULPDU\OHYHO FODVVHV²  those who had some work accounted for 70.9 percent. Among males who had attained vocational or KLJKHUHGXFDWLRQWKRVHZLWKZRUNPDGHXSSHUFHQW$PRQJIHPDOHVWKHSDWWHUQZDVGLIIHUHQW those who had reached vocational or higher education had the highest percentage (41.2 percent) with DMREGXULQJWKHUHIHUHQFHSHULRG

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$WWKHGLVWULFWOHYHOLQ6D\LG.KDLO SHUFHQW DQG.RKL6DÀ SHUFHQW VHYHQLQWHQRIWKH populations aged 15 years and older who had reached vocational or higher education did some work GXULQJWKHUHIHUHQFHSHULRG,Q6XUNKL3DUVDSHUFHQWRIWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGROGHU ZKRUHDFKHGFODVVHV²ZHUHUHSRUWHGDVKDYLQJDQHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\LQWKH\HDUSULRUWRVXUYH\WKH KLJKHVWLQWKHSURYLFH,Q.RKL6DÀSHUFHQWRIWKRVHDJHG\HDUVROGDQGRYHUZKRKDGDWWHQGHG FODVVHV²ZHUHUHSRUWHGWRKDYHZRUNHGGXULQJWKHPRQWKVSULRUWRVXUYH\

45 PARWAN

Figure 18. Percentage of the Population 15 Years Old and Over by Work Status, Highest Class Completed and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

90.0 82.3 80.0 No Schooling 70.9 70.0 Classes 1-6 63.8 Classes 7-12 60.4 60.0 Vocational and Higher Education 54.1 52.2 50.0 43.8 41.2 40.0 32.4 30.0

20.0

8.7 10.0 7.1 7.8 7.5 8.0 7.3 7.9 7.0 5.5 5.4 4.7 5.6 4.1 4.7 5.1 0.0 Both Sexes Male Female Both Sexes Male Female Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey Not Working but Seeking or Available for Work

Figure 19. Percentage of the Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in 12 Months Prior to Survey by Highest Class Completed and District: Parwan, September 2014 ϴϬ͘Ϭ

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$JULFXOWXUDOIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKHU\ZRUNHUVDFFRXQWHGIRUWKHKLJKHVWSURSRUWLRQRIZRUNHUVLQ3DUZDQ 3URYLQFHDWSHUFHQWSHUFHQWDPRQJPDOHVDQGSHUFHQWDPRQJIHPDOHV(OHPHQWDU\ occupations composed the second highest proportion at 21.5 percent, and higher among males at 22.7 SHUFHQW7KHVHLQFOXGHUHIXVHZRUNHUVODERXUHUVLQPLQLQJFRQVWUXFWLRQPDQXIDFWXULQJDQGWUDQVSRUW HWFDJULFXOWXUDOIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKHU\ODERXUHUVDQGWKRVHHQJDJHGLQRGGMREV)HPDOHZRUNHUVZKR

46 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

were engaged in craft, and related trade workers such as manufacturing workers, also comprised a VLJQLÀFDQWSURSRUWLRQDWSHUFHQW7KHUHZDVDORZHUSURSRUWLRQRIWKLVW\SHRIZRUNHUDPRQJPDOHV (9.7 percent).

$JULFXOWXUDOIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKHU\ZRUNHUVFRQVWLWXWHGWKHODUJHVWJURXSRIZRUNHUVLQDOPRVWDOOGLVWULFWV H[FHSW-DEXOXVVDUDM7KHSHUFHQWDJHYDU\IURPSHUFHQWLQ&KDULNDUWRSHUFHQWLQ6XUNKL3DUVD 6HUYLFHDQGVDOHVZRUNHUVFRPSULVHGWKHODUJHVWJURXSRIZRUNHUVLQ-DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQW 

)LJXUHVKRZVWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRI3DUZDQ·VSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGROGHUZKRZRUNHGDWDQ\WLPH GXULQJWKHPRQWKVSULRUWRWKHVXUYH\E\VH[DQGPDMRULQGXVWU\JURXSEDVHGRQWKH,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6WDQGDUG,QGXVWULDO&ODVVLÀFDWLRQ ,6,& 5HYLVLRQ

$PRQJWKHVHZRUNHUVSHUFHQWZRUNHGLQDJULFXOWXUHKXQWLQJIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKLQJ$VLJQLÀFDQW SURSRUWLRQ SHUFHQW DPRQJIHPDOHZRUNHUVZRUNHGLQWKHVHLQGXVWULHVDQGDQRWKHUSHUFHQW worked in community, social and personal services during the reference period.

$PRQJ PDOH ZRUNHUV  SHUFHQW ZRUNHG LQ DJULFXOWXUH KXQWLQJ IRUHVWU\ DQG ÀVKLQJ VHUYLFHV 27.8 percent in community, social and personal services, 12.5 percent in construction, 11.3 percent in wholesale and retail trade and restaurants and hotels, and 8.1 percent in transportation and communication.

,Q6KD\NK$OLZRUNHUVLQDJULFXOWXUHKXQWLQJIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKLQJPDGHXSSHUFHQWRIWKRVHZKR worked at anytime during the reference year. In other districts the proportions ranged from 12.7 percent LQ-DEXOXVVDUDMWRSHUFHQWLQ6XUNKL3DUVD6D\LG.KDLOKDGWKHKLJKHVWSURSRUWLRQRIZRUNHUVLQ FRPPXQLW\VRFLDODQGSHUVRQDOVHUYLFHVDWSHUFHQWZKLOHLQ6KLQZDULSHUFHQWRIZRUNHUV were in the construction industry.

Figure 20. Percentage Distribution of the Population Aged 15 Years Old and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to the Survey, by Major Occupation Group and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

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47 PARWAN

Table 18. Percentage Distribution of Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey by Major Occupation Group and District: Parwan, September 2014

Skilled Managers/ Craft and Service Province/ agricultural, Professionals/ related Elementary and sales Others District forestry, and Technicians/ trades occupations workers ſUJGT[YQTMGTU Clerks workers Parwan 30.5 8.9  10.3 21.5 10.2 Charikar 24.2 10.8 21.2 14.1 19.4 10.3 %DJUDP 28.7 5.9 21.0 7.4   Shinwari 42.3 7.2 10.1 5.3 29.3 5.8 Sayid Khail  11.4 22.7  15.2 18.0 -DEXOXVVDUDM 12.5 11.7 27.0 7.4 24.3 17.1 Salang 38.9 5.5 12.0 3.8 28.1 11.7 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG  9.0 23.0 13.0 20.5 7.0 .RKL6DÀ 37.7 8.9 8.0 4.0 21.1 20.4 Surkhi Parsa   3.4 22.0 2.7 3.7 Shaykh Ali 49.5 11.2 4.4 5.2 23.0 

Figure 21. Percentage Distribution of the Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey, by Major Industry Group and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

70.0

63.0 Agriculture, Hunting, Forestry and Fishing 60.0 Community, Social and Personal Services Manufacturing Wholesale and Retail Trade and Restaurants and Hotels Construction 50.0 Transportation and Communication Others

40.0 34.8 32.5

30.0 27.1 27.8

20.0 18.7 14.9 12.5 10.5 11.6 11.3 10.0 7.5 8.1 6.2 5.4 2.2 2.4 1.6 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.0 Both Sexes Male Female

48 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 19. Percentage Distribution of the Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey by Major Industry Group and District: Parwan, September 2014 Others and Hotels and Construc-tion Manufac-turing 3URYLQFH'LVWULFW Communi-cation Personal Services Personal Transpor-tation andTranspor-tation Forestry and Fishing Agricul-ture, Hunting, :KROHVDOHDQG5HWDLO Trade and RestaurantsTrade Commu-nity, Social and and Social Commu-nity, Parwan 34.8 27.1  10.5  7.5 2.2 Charikar  29.4  14.4 9.8 9.1 2.9 %DJUDP 34.7 29.4 4.8 10.3 7.7 9.3  Shinwari  12.1 2.1 5.9   0.9 Sayid Khail 27.3  3.8 8.9 7.7  1.5 -DEXOXVVDUDM 12.7 42.9 5.1 13.4 13.9 8.1 4.0 Salang 41.5 28.1 1.8 5.0   0.3 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG   9.5 13.7  7.4  .RKL6DÀ 37.9 43.2  4.7 8.2 3.0 0.3 Surkhi Parsa  13.5 13.3 2.9 2.4  2.3 Shaykh Ali  25.4 1.0 1.3 2.3 3.9 1.4

7KHGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHSRSXODWLRQDJHG\HDUVDQGROGHUZKRZHUHHQJDJHGLQHFRQRPLFDFWLYLW\LQ WKHPRQWKVSULRUWRVXUYH\E\VWDWXVRIHPSOR\PHQWDQGVH[LVVKRZQLQ)LJXUH2QO\SHUFHQW of workers were employers during the reference year while 50.1 percent were employees. The self- HPSOR\HGFRPSULVHGSHUFHQWZKLOHIDPLO\ZRUNHUVSHUFHQW Among male workers, 0.7 percent were employers during the reference year while 52.3 percent were employees. The self-employed among male workers comprised 43.2 percent and family workers, RQO\SHUFHQW$ERXWSHUFHQWRIIHPDOHZRUNHUVZHUHIDPLO\ZRUNHUVSHUFHQWZHUHVHOI employed and 24.1 percent were employees.

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49 PARWAN

Figure 22. Percentage Distribution of the Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to the Survey by Status of Employment and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

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Figure 23. Percentage Distribution of the Population Aged 15 Years and Older Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey, by Status of Employment and District: Parwan, September 2014 7.5.2 Working Children 5 to 17 Years Old

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50 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 20. Number and Percentage Distribution of Children 5-17 Years Old by Work Status, Sex, Age Group and District: Parwan, September 2014

Worked at any time in 12 months Sex/Age Group/District Number (000) Did not work prior to survey

Total 253 4.1 95.9 Sex %R\V 129  93.5 *LUOV 124  98.4 $JH*URXS 5-9  0.7 99.3 %R\V 54 0.9 99.1 *LUOV 52 0.5 99.5 10-12   97.4 %R\V 32 3.8  *LUOV 30 1.4  13-17 84 9.4  %R\V 43  84.4 *LUOV 41 3.0 97.0 District Charikar   95.3 %DJUDP 49 3.7  Shinwari 22   Sayid Khail 15 3.2  -DEXOXVVDUDM 23  98.4 Salang 10   6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG  3.5  .RKL6DÀ 88 2.0 98.0 Surkhi Parsa 11 9.2 90.8 Shaykh Ali 9  93.9

51 PARWAN

Figure 24. Percentage Distribution of Working Children 5-17 Years Old by District: Parwan, September 2014

35.0

30.2 30.0

25.0

20.0 17.7

15.0 12.1 10.4 10.0 8.0 6.0 5.5 4.8 5.0 3.7 1.6 0.0 Charikar Bagram Syahgirdi Surkhi Parsa Shinwari Salang Shaykh Ali Sayid Khail Jabulussaraj Kohi Safi Ghorband

Figure 24 shows that Charikar had the largest percentage share of working children, at 30.2 percent of WKHSURYLQFLDOWRWDOIROORZHGE\%DJUDP SUHFHQW DQG6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG SHUFHQW 

Children who were not attending school were more likely to work than those attending school. Among FKLOGUHQDJHG²ZKRZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRRODWWKHWLPHRIVXUYH\SHUFHQWZRUNHGDWDQ\WLPH GXULQJWKHPRQWKVEHIRUHWKHVXUYH\$PRQJWKRVHDWWHQGLQJVFKRROSHUFHQWZRUNHGGXULQJ WKHUHIHUHQFHSHULRG$PRQJER\VDJHG²ZKRZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRROSHUFHQWZRUNHG during the reference year, compared to 5.1 percent of those who were in school. The corresponding percentages for girls were 1.9 percent and 1.1 percent, respectively (Figure 25).

Figure 25. Percentage of Children 5-17 Years Old Who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey by Sex and School Attendance: Parwan, September 2014

12.0 10.2 10.0

8.0 6.5

6.0 5.1 4.7 4.1 4.0 3.6

1.6 1.9 2.0 1.1

0.0 Both Sexes Male Female Total Attending School Not Attending School

52 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

$PRQJ FKLOGUHQ DJHG ²\HDUV ZKR ZHUH QRW DWWHQGLQJ VFKRRO SHUFHQWZRUNHGGXULQJWKH UHIHUHQFH\HDUZKLOHSHUFHQWRIWKRVHZKRZHUHDWWHQGLQJVFKRROGLGVR )LJXUH $PRQJFKLOGUHQ DJHG²\HDUVZKRZHUHQRWDWWHQGLQJVFKRROSHUFHQWZRUNHGGXULQJWKHUHIHUHQFH\HDUZKLOH 1.7 percent did so among those who were attending school. For young children aged 5-9 years, only 0.9 percent worked among those who were not attending school and 0.4 percent among those who were attending school.

Figure 26. Percentage of Children 5-17 Years Old who Worked in the 12 Months Prior to Survey by Age Group and School Attendance: Parwan, September 2014 14.0 12.7 12.0

10.0 7.8 8.0

6.0 5.1

4.0

1.7 2.0 0.9 0.4 0.0 5-9 years 10-12 years 13-17 years

Attending School Not Attending School

7KHPDMRULW\RIZRUNLQJFKLOGUHQLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHZHUHDJULFXOWXUDOIRUHVWU\DQGÀVKHU\ZRUNHUV )LJXUH 7KLVW\SHRIZRUNHUVFRPSULVHGSHUFHQWRIDOOZRUNLQJFKLOGUHQDJHG²\HDUV SHUFHQWDPRQJZRUNLQJER\VDQGSHUFHQWDPRQJZRUNLQJJLUOV&KLOGUHQHQJDJHGLQVHUYLFHDQG VDOHVZRUNHUVZHUHWKHQH[WODUJHVWJURXSDWSHUFHQW ER\VSHUFHQWJLUOVSHUFHQW  &KLOGUHQHQJDJHGLQFUDIWDQGUHODWHGZRUNHUVZHUHWKHWKLUGODUJHVWJURXSDWSHUFHQW ER\V SHUFHQWJLUOVSHUFHQW 

Figure 27. Percentage Distribution of Working Children 5-17 Years Old by Sex and Occupation: Parwan, September 2014

70.0 Agricultural, forestry, and fishery workers 63.2 Service and sales workers 60.0 Craft and related trades workers Elementary occupations Others 50.0

41.5

40.0 36.5

30.0 26.9 23.8

20.0 18.4 18.3 18.7 15.7 14.2 10.5 10.0 7.3

2.1 2.5 0.3 0.0 Both Sexes Male Female

53 PARWAN

7.6 FUNCTIONAL DIFFICULTY

The Parwan SDES sought to determine whether a Text Box 6: Proportion of Population 5 Years Old SHUVRQ KDG GLIÀFXOW\ LQ VHHLQJ KHDULQJ ZDONLQJ CPF1XGTYKVJ(WPEVKQPCN&KHſEWNV[ UHPHPEHULQJ FRPPXQLFDWLQJ DQG VHOIFDULQJ 7KHVH TXHVWLRQVZHUHDVNHGIRUDOOKRXVHKROGPHPEHUVDJHG Parwan (2014) 1.8 5 years and older in the sample households. Kapisa (2014) 2.1 Kabul (2013) 1.7 Ghor (2012) 4.8 Some 581 thousand people, comprising 1.8 percent Daykundi (2012) 3.6 of the population in this age group, had a functional Bamiyan (2011) 5.3 GLIÀFXOW\LQDWOHDVWRQHRIWKHGHÀQHGDUHDV)LJXUH shows that the proportion was higher among males (2.2 Source: SDES percent) than females (1.4 percent).

Figure 28. Percentage of the Population 5 Years and Older with Functional Difficulty by Sex: Parwan, September 2014

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54 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Figure 29. Percentage of Population 5 Years and Older with Functional Difficulty by District: Parwan, September 2014

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$ERXWSHUFHQWRIFKLOGUHQLQWKH²\HDUDJHJURXSKDGDIXQFWLRQDOGLIÀFXOW\ SHUFHQWDPRQJ ER\VDQGSHUFHQWDPRQJJLUOV 6HOIFDULQJZDVWKHPRVWFRPPRQGLIÀFXOW\DPRQJWKLVDJHJURXS SHUFHQW IROORZHGE\FRPPXQLFDWLQJDQGZDONLQJ SHUFHQWHDFK $PRQJWKRVHLQWKH\HDUV and over, walking (11.0 percent), seeing (10.0 percent) and hearing (7.5 percent) were the most common W\SHVRIGLIÀFXOW\

Figure 30. Percentage of the Population with Functional Difficulty by Sex and Age Group: Parwan, September 2014

55 PARWAN

'LIÀFXOW\LQZDONLQJZDVWKHPRVWFRPPRQO\UHSRUWHGIXQFWLRQDOGLIÀFXOW\ SHUFHQW DQGZDVKLJKHU DPRQJPDOHV SHUFHQW WKDQIHPDOHV SHUFHQW ,WZDVIROORZHG E\ GLIÀFXOW\ LQ VHHLQJ DW  percent (0.7 percent for males and 0.5 percent for females). The least common type of functional GLIÀFXOW\ZDVVHOIFDULQJ SHUFHQW 

Figure 31. Percentage of the Population 5 Years and Older with Functional Difficulty by Type of Difficulty and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

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Figure 32. Percentage of the Population 5 Years and Older with Functional Difficulty by Marital Status and Sex: Parwan, September 2014

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56 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7.7 FERTILITY

7KHIHUWLOLW\RIZRPHQLQDSRSXODWLRQUHIHUVWRWKHLUDFWXDOELUWKSHUIRUPDQFHIHUWLOLW\QRUPDOO\UHODWHVWR OLYHELUWKV7KH3DUZDQ6'(6LQFOXGHGTXHVWLRQVGHVLJQHGWRJDWKHUGDWDRQWKHIHUWLOLW\RIZRPHQDQG FROOHFWHGWKHQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQHYHUERUQDOLYHWRHDFKHYHUPDUULHGZRPDQLQVDPSOHKRXVHKROGV DQGWKHQXPEHURIOLYHELUWKVERUQLQWKHPRQWKVSULRUWRVXUYH\E\HDFKHYHUPDUULHGZRPDQEHORZ 50 years of age.

Typical census questions on lifetime and recent fertility were asked in the SDES which were addressed WRHYHUPDUULHGZRPHQDJHG²2QOLIHWLPHIHUWLOLW\TXHVWLRQVRQWRWDOQXPEHURIOLYHELUWKVDQG QXPEHURIFXUUHQWO\DOLYHDQGGHDGZHUHDVNHGIRUVRQVDQGGDXJKWHUVVHSDUDWHO\7RDVFHUWDLQUHFHQW IHUWLOLW\TXHVWLRQVZHUHDVNHGRQZKHWKHUZRPHQKDGKDGDOLYHELUWKPRQWKVSUHFHGLQJWKHVXUYH\ DQGWKHQXPEHURIOLYHELUWKVE\VH[

$WWKHWLPHRIWKHVXUYH\WKHUHZHUHDERXWWKRXVDQGHYHUPDUULHGZRPHQLQ3DUZDQ2IWKLV QXPEHU  SHUFHQW GLG QRW KDYH DQ\ FKLOG $V H[SHFWHG WKH SHUFHQWDJHRIHYHUPDUULHGZRPHQ ZLWKRXWFKLOGUHQZDVKLJKHVWLQWKH²DJHJURXSZLWKWKHFKLOGOHVVFRPSULVLQJSHUFHQWRIHYHU married women in this age group. Those with one child made up 10.4 percent while those with two children, 11.7 percent.

Table 21. Percentage Distribution of Ever-Married Women Aged 15-49 Years by Number of Children Ever Born and Age of Women: Parwan, September 2014

Number of Children Ever Born Alive Age Number of Group Women (00) 012345678910+

Total 9.2 10.4 11.7 12.3 12.0  10.1 7.8  3.4 4.9 1,010 15-19 51.5 32.8 11.8 2.5  0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 423 20-24 21.0  25.2 14.8 5.7 2.3 0.8 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 185 25-29 7.2 10.5 18.4 22.7 18.7 12.4 5.9  1.1 0.3 0.1 213 30-34 4.2 3.9 8.1 13.2 19.0 18.9 15.0 8.9 5.1 2.1  154 35-39 2.4 2.0 4.0 7.8 12.1  17.5 13.8     40-44  1.5 3.2 5.5 9.0 13.1  15.1  7.8 12.9 131 45-49 2.7 1.8 3.3 5.2 7.9 11.7 14.1 14.2 13.9 9.0  115

7KHIHUWLOLW\RI3DUZDQZRPHQLVQRWWRRKLJK 7DEOH 2QDYHUDJH3DUZDQZRPHQLQWKHLUHDUO\ WZHQWLHVKDYHJLYHQELUWKWRDOPRVWWZRFKLOGUHQZKLFKULVHVWRÀYHFKLOGUHQLQWKHLUODWHWKLUWLHVDQG seven in their late forties.

7KH²\HDUDJHJURXSUHSUHVHQWVZRPHQZLWKFRPSOHWHGIHUWLOLW\ $QG WKHLUPHDQ FKLOGUHQ HYHU ERUQ &(% FDQEHXVHGWRFRPSDUHWKHIHUWLOLW\RIWZRRUPRUHSRSXODWLRQV:RPHQLQ6D\LG.KDLODQG 6DODQJKDGWKHKLJKHVWIHUWLOLW\(YHUPDUULHGZRPHQDJHG\HDUVLQWKHVHGLVWULFWVKDGJLYHQELUWK WRVHYHQFKLOGUHQRQDYHUDJH6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGKDGWKHORZHVWIHUWLOLW\DVVXJJHVWHGE\WKHPHDQ &(%RIFKLOGUHQIRUWKH\HDUDJHJURXS

57 PARWAN

Table 22. Mean Number of CEB Among Ever-Married Women Aged 15-49 Years by Age of Women and District: Parwan, September 2014

$JH*URXS Salang Parwan %DJUDP Charikar Shinwari .RKL6DÀ Syahgirdi Syahgirdi *KRUEDQG Shaykh Ali Sayid Khail -DEXOXVVDUDM Surkhi Parsa Total 4.3 4.5 4.5 3.8 4.8 4.4 4.7 3.7 4.1 4.2 4.5 15-19 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.5  0.8  0.5  0.8 0.4 20-24 1.7 1.8 1.9  1.7  1.8 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.4 25-29 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.1 3.4 3.1  2.5 3.4 2.9 2.9 30-34  4.8 4.8  5.1 4.7 5.2 3.7 4.8 4.5 4.4 35-39 5.8     5.9  4.8  5.7  40-44     7.5  7.1 5.7    45-49  7.1 7.0  7.5  7.3 5.9   7.0

'XHWRWKHDEULGJHGQDWXUHRIWKHTXHVWLRQVDVNHGRQOLIHWLPHDQGUHFHQWIHUWLOLW\WKHVFRSHIRULQWHUQDO validation and cross-checking was limited. Responses commonly suffered from two types of errors. )LUVWGDWDRQOLIHWLPHIHUWLOLW\WHQGVWREHUHSRUWHGSRRUO\ZLWKLQFUHDVLQJDJHRIWKHPRWKHUDVFKLOGUHQ ZKR GLHG RU DUH HOVHZKHUH DUH RIWHQ RPLWWHG 6HFRQG UHFHQW IHUWLOLW\WHQGVWREHV\VWHPDWLFDOO\ XQGHUUHSRUWHGE\DOOZRPHQVLPLODUWRZLGHVSUHDGXQGHUHQXPHUDWLRQRIWKH\RXQJHVWFKLOGUHQLQWKH household head count.

)RU6'(6WKH5HODWLRQDO*RPSHUW]0HWKRGZDVXVHGIRUIHUWLOLW\HVWLPDWLRQZKLFKLVDUHÀQHPHQWRI WKH%UDVV3)UDWLRPHWKRG7KLVPHWKRGHVWLPDWHVWKHDJHVSHFLÀFDQGWRWDOIHUWLOLW\E\GHWHUPLQLQJWKH VKDSHRIWKHIHUWLOLW\VFKHGXOHIURPUHFHQWELUWKVZKLOHGHWHUPLQLQJLWVOHYHOIURPWKHUHSRUWHGDYHUDJH parities of younger women. This method seeks to remedy the errors commonly found in the fertility GDWDDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWRRIHZRUWRRPDQ\ELUWKVEHLQJUHSRUWHGLQWKHUHIHUHQFHSHULRGDQGWKHXQGHU reporting of lifetime fertility and errors of age reporting among older women.

7.7.1 Fertility level

7KH7RWDO)HUWLOLW\5DWH 7)5 IRUHDFKGLVWULFWLVSUHVHQWHGLQ7DEOH Text Box 7: Total Fertility Rate 7KLVLVDFRPPRQPHDVXUHRIIHUWLOLW\DQGLVGHÀQHGDVWKHDYHUDJH QXPEHURIFKLOGUHQDZRPDQZRXOGKDYHLIVKHZHQWWKURXJKKHU Parwan (2014) 6.8 HQWLUHUHSURGXFWLYHSHULRG ²\HDUV UHSURGXFLQJDWWKHFXUUHQWO\ Kapisa (2014) 7.2 SUHYDLOLQJ$JH6SHFLÀF)HUWLOLW\5DWH $6)5 $6)5VDUHHVWLPDWHGE\ Kabul (2013) 6.3 GLYLGLQJWKHQXPEHURIELUWKVWRZRPHQLQDVSHFLÀFDJHJURXS$Q Ghor (2012) 6.1 Daykundi (2012) 7.6 DGGLWLRQDOPHDVXUHRIIHUWLOLW\LVWKH*HQHUDO)HUWLOLW\5DWH *)5 ZKLFK Bamiyan (2011) 7.8 UHSUHVHQWVWKHDQQXDOQXPEHURIELUWKVSHUZRPHQDJHG² DQG WKH &UXGH %LUWK 5DWH &%5  ZKLFK LV H[SUHVVHG DV WKH DQQXDO Source: SDES QXPEHURIOLYHELUWKVSHUSRSXODWLRQV

58 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7DEOHVKRZVD7)5RIFKLOGUHQSHUZRPDQLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFH$PRQJGLVWULFWVWRWDOIHUWLOLW\ UDWHVUDQJHGIURPLQ6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGWRLQ6D\LG.KDLODQG6DODQJ *)5ZDVUHFRUGHGDWELUWKVSHUZRPHQ²\HDUVZLWKD&%5RIELUWKVSHU SHRSOH 6D\LG .KDLO·V *)5 ZDV WKH KLJKHVW DPRQJ WKH GLVWULFWV  ZKLOH.RKL6DÀUHFRUGHGWKH KLJKHVW&%5   Table 23. TFR, GFR, and CBR by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District TFR GFR CBR Parwan  211 29 Charikar  209 27 %DJUDP  223 32 Shinwari  229 31 Sayid Khail 7.8 248 33 -DEXOXVVDUDM  205 20 Salang 7.8 242 32 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG   31 .RKL6DÀ  244 40 Surkhi Parsa  200 25 Shaykh Ali  174 27

Figure 33 shows the ASFR (per 1,000 women) over age. Sayid Khail had the highest TFR and Syahgirdi *KRUEDQGZLWKWKHORZHVW7)5,WDOVRUHYHDOVWKDW$6)5ZDVFRQVLGHUDEO\KLJKHUDPRQJWKH² \HDUDJHJURXS SHUZRPHQ UHPDLQHGKLJKIRUZRPHQDJHG² SHUZRPHQ  DQG²\HDUV SHUZRPHQ DQGGHFOLQHGUDSLGO\DWROGHUDJHV

Figure 33. Age-Specific Fertility Rates for Parwan, Sayid Khail and Syahgirdi Ghorband: 2014

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59 PARWAN

7.8 BIRTH REGISTRATION

%LUWKUHJLVWUDWLRQLVWKHRIÀFLDOUHFRUGRIDFKLOG·VELUWKE\WKHJRYHUQPHQW,WHVWDEOLVKHVWKHH[LVWHQFH of the child under law and provides the foundation for safeguarding his or her civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. $UWLFOHRIWKH&RQYHQWLRQRQWKH5LJKWVRIWKH&KLOGVSHFLÀHVWKDWHYHU\FKLOG KDVWKHULJKWWREHUHJLVWHUHGDWELUWKZLWKRXWDQ\GLVFULPLQDWLRQ 81,&() 

$SDUWIURPEHLQJWKHÀUVWOHJDODFNQRZOHGJHPHQWRIDFKLOG·VH[LVWHQFHELUWKUHJLVWUDWLRQLVFHQWUDOWR HQVXULQJWKDWFKLOGUHQDUHFRXQWHGDQGKDYHDFFHVVWREDVLFVHUYLFHVVXFKDVKHDOWKVRFLDOVHFXULW\ DQGHGXFDWLRQ.QRZLQJWKHDJHRIDFKLOGLVFHQWUDOWRSURWHFWLQJWKHPIURPFKLOGODERXUEHLQJDUUHVWHG DQGWUHDWHGDVDGXOWVLQWKHMXVWLFHV\VWHPIRUFLEOHFRQVFULSWLRQLQDUPHGIRUFHVFKLOGPDUULDJH WUDIÀFNLQJDQGVH[XDOH[SORLWDWLRQ$ELUWKFHUWLÀFDWHDVSURRIRIELUWKFDQVXSSRUWWKHWUDFHDELOLW\RI XQDFFRPSDQLHGDQGVHSDUDWHGFKLOGUHQDQGSURPRWHVDIHPLJUDWLRQ,QHIIHFWELUWKUHJLVWUDWLRQLVWKHLU ‘passport to protection’ (UNICEF).

3DUZDQ6'(6XVHGWKHVWDQGDUGTXHVWLRQ´'RHVBBBBBBBBBKDYHDELUWKFHUWLÀFDWH"µIRUDOOFKLOGUHQ under 5 years of age.

Figure 34 shows that 55.9 percent of the births of children under five were reported as registered (responded ‘yes’ to the question). The birth of boys was more likely to be registered than that of girls (56.9 percent and 54.9 percent, respectively).

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60 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

)LJXUHVKRZVKLJKGLVSDULW\DPRQJGLVWULFWVZLWKELUWKUHJLVWUDWLRQUDQJLQJIURPSHUFHQWLQ 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGWRSHUFHQWLQ6D\LG.KDLO

Figure 35. Proportion of Registered Births for Population Below 5 Years Old by District: Parwan, September 2014

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7KHVDPHSDWWHUQZDVREVHUYHGDPRQJWKHGLVWULFWVH[FHSWLQ.RKL6DÀDQG6D\LG.KDLOZKHUHWKHELUWK UHJLVWUDWLRQRIJLUOVZDVKLJKHUE\SHUFHQWDJHSRLQWDQGSHUFHQWDJHSRLQWUHVSHFWLYHO\ Table 24. Proportion of Registered Births for Population Below 5 Years Old by Sex and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Male Female Parwan  54.9 Charikar   %DJUDP   Shinwari 39.3 38.7 Sayid Khail 79.5 79.8 -DEXOXVVDUDM  72.2 Salang   6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG  34.5 .RKL6DÀ 54.1 55.0 Surkhi Parsa 39.2 38.4 Text Box 8: Registered Births Shaykh Ali  53.4 Parwan (2014)* 55.9 7KHSURSRUWLRQVRIUHJLVWHUHGELUWKVLQRWKHUSURYLQFHVDQGLQ Kapisa (2014)* 53.8 WKHFRXQWU\DVDZKROHDUHSUHVHQWHGLQ7H[W%R[3DUZDQ·V Kabul (2013)* 66.0 ELUWKUHJLVWUDWLRQ SHUFHQW ZDVVLJQLÀFDQWO\KLJKHUWKDQWKH Ghor (2012)* 9.0 Daykundi (2012)* 16.3 national estimate (35 percent). Afghanistan** 35.0

Sources:* SDES **NRVA 2011-2012

61 PARWAN

7.9 MORTALITY

7KLVFKDSWHUGHVFULEHVHVWLPDWHGLQIDQWDQGXQGHUÀYHPRUWDOLW\LQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFH7KHVHDUH important indicators of a country’s or an area’s socio-economic development and quality of life, as well DVWKHSRSXODWLRQ·VKHDOWKVWDWXV0HDVXUHVRIFKLOGPRUWDOLW\DOVRFRQWULEXWHWRDEHWWHUXQGHUVWDQGLQJ of the progress of population and health programmes and policies.

&KLOGKRRGPRUWDOLW\LQJHQHUDODQGLQIDQWPRUWDOLW\LQSDUWLFXODUDUHRIWHQXVHGDVEURDGLQGLFDWRUVRI VRFLRHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWRUVSHFLÀFLQGLFDWRUVRIKHDOWKVWDWXV&KLOGKRRGPRUWDOLW\UDWHVDUHXVHG IRUPRQLWRULQJWKHFRXQWU\·VSURJUHVVWRZDUG0'*ZKLFKDLPVIRUDUHGXFWLRQRISHUFHQWEHWZHHQ DQGDQGWRIXUWKHUUHGXFHLWWRRQHWKLUGRIWKHOHYHOE\ ,VODPLF5HSXEOLFRI $IJKDQLVWDQ0'*5HSRUW 

&KLOGKRRGPRUWDOLW\UDWHVDUHH[SUHVVHGLQDJHFDWHJRULHVDQGDUHFXVWRPDULO\GHÀQHGDVIROORZV

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• 7PFGTſXGOQTVCNKV[WKHSUREDELOLW\RIG\LQJEHWZHHQELUWKDQGWKHÀIWKELUWKGD\

7KH6'(6TXHVWLRQVDVNHGHYHUPDUULHGZRPHQRIUHSURGXFWLYHDJHDERXWFKLOGUHQHYHUERUQDQG QXPEHURIFKLOGUHQFXUUHQWO\DOLYHDVZHOODVWKRVHZKRGLHGE\VH[

$QLQGLUHFWPHWKRG WKH7UXVVHOOYDULDQWRIWKH%UDVVPHWKRGZKLFKXVHVWKH&RDOH'HPHQ\VHULHVRI OLIHWDEOHV ZDVXVHGWRHVWLPDWHFKLOGPRUWDOLW\IURPLQIRUPDWLRQRQDJJUHJDWHQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQHYHU ERUQDQGFKLOGUHQVWLOODOLYH RUGHDG UHSRUWHGE\ZRPHQFODVVLÀHGE\WKHODWWHU·VDJHJURXS

7DEOHSUHVHQWVLQIDQW ,05 DQGXQGHUÀYHPRUWDOLW\UDWHV 805 ZLWKDUHIHUHQFHGDWHRI$SULO ,WLVHVWLPDWHGWKDWWKHLQIDQWPRUWDOLW\LQ3DUZDQLVGHDWKVSHUOLYHELUWKVDQGWKDWWKHXQGHU ÀYHPRUWDOLW\LVGHDWKVSHUOLYHELUWKV7KHVHÀJXUHVIRUPDOHVDUHDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\DQG for females, 52 and 72 respectively.

Table 25. Estimates of Infant Mortality and Under-Five Mortality Rates by Sex: Parwan, September 2014

Sex IMR U5MR

%RWK6H[HV 59 80 Male  87 Female 52 72 Notes: ,QIDQWPRUWDOLW\UDWHUHIHUVWRLQIDQWGHDWKVSHUOLYHELUWKV 8QGHUÀYHPRUWDOLW\UDWHUHIHUVWRGHDWKVWRFKLOGUHQEHORZ\HDUVRIDJHSHUOLYHELUWKV

7KHULVNVIRUFKLOGUHQRIZRPHQDJHG² DQGWKHLQGLUHFWHVWLPDWHRIFKLOGPRUWDOLW\EDVHGRQFKLOGUHQ HYHUERUQDQGFKLOGUHQGHDGIRUWKLVDJHJURXS DUHIUHTXHQWO\KLJKHUVRPHWLPHVVXEVWDQWLDOO\VRWKDQ IRURWKHUDJHJURXSV7KHVDPHLVWUXHWRDOHVVHUH[WHQWIRUWKHFKLOGUHQRIPRWKHUVDJHG²7ZR

62 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

IDFWRUVDFFRXQWIRUWKLVSDWWHUQWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIFKLOGUHQE\ Text Box 9: Mortality ELUWKRUGHUDQGVRFLRHFRQRPLFIDFWRUV)LUVWELUWKVDUHNQRZQ IMR U5MR WREHDWKLJKHUULVNRIG\LQJWKDQKLJKHURUGHUELUWKVDQG Parwan (2014) 59 80 FKLOGUHQ ERUQ WR \RXQJHU ZRPHQ LQFOXGH DQ DERYHDYHUDJH Kapisa (2014) 55 72 SURSRUWLRQRIÀUVWELUWKV:RPHQKDYLQJFKLOGUHQDWHDUO\ Kabul (2013) 43 54 Ghor (2012) 70 97 ages tend to come from lower socio-economic groups, and Daykundi (2012) 76 105

WKHLU FKLOGUHQ DUH WKXV H[SRVHG WR DERYHDYHUDJH PRUWDOLW\ Bamiyan (2011) 86 122 (VWLPDWHVRILQIDQWDQGXQGHUÀYHPRUWDOLW\UDWHVRI3DUZDQ .DSLVD.DEXO*KRU'D\NXQGLDQG%DPL\DQSURYLQFHVDQG Source: SDES $IJKDQLVWDQDUHVKRZQLQ7H[W%R[

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7.10 PARENTS’ LIVING STATUS

)LJXUH  VKRZV WKH SHUFHQWDJH RI RUSKDQHG FKLOGUHQ EHORZ ÀYH \HDUVRIDJH7KHÀJXUHUHYHDOV that 0.92 percent of the children in Parwan Province had lost at least one parent. The proportion of \RXQJFKLOGUHQZKRVHRQO\PRWKHUVZHUHDOLYHZDVSHUFHQWZKLOHSHUFHQWKDGORVWRQO\WKHLU PRWKHUV7KHSURSRUWLRQRIFKLOGUHQEHORZÀYH\HDUVROGZKRKDGORVWERWKSDUHQWVZDVSHUFHQW

Figure 36. Percentage of Orphaned Children Below Five Years Old: Parwan, September 2014 0.70

0.65 0.60

0.50

0.40

0.30

0.21 0.20

0.10 0.06

0.00 Only Mother Alive Only Father Alive Both Father and Mother Dead

63 PARWAN

)LJXUHVKRZVWKHSHUFHQWDJHVRIRUSKDQHGFKLOGUHQEHORZÀYH\HDUVRIDJHE\GLVWULFW7KH proportion was highest in Salang where one percent of children in that age had only their mothers alive. On the other hand, the proportion was highest in Surkhi Parsa where 0.37 percent of children in that DJHZKRVHRQO\IDWKHUVZHUHDOLYH&KDULNDUKDGWKHKLJKHVWSURSRUWLRQRIFKLOGUHQEHORZÀYH\HDUVROG ZKRKDGORVWERWKSDUHQWVDWSHUFHQWIROORZHGE\6KD\NK$OLDWSHUFHQW

Figure 37. Percentage of Orphaned Children Below 5 Years Old by District: Parwan, September 2014

1.20

1.00 1.00 0.87 0.89 0.81 0.80 0.68 0.69 0.65 0.66 0.65 0.60 0.55

0.42 0.40 0.37 0.30 0.30 0.27 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.16 0.20 0.13 0.12 0.06 0.10 0.06 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Only Mother Alive Only Father Alive Both Father and Mother Dead

7KH FRPSDULVRQ RI WKH SDUHQW·V Text Box 10: Parents’ Living Status OLYLQJVWDWXVZLWK.DSLVD.DEXO Only mother alive Only father alive Both parents dead *KRUDQG'D\NXQGLLVVKRZQLQ Parwan (2014) 0.65 0.21 0.06 7H[W%R[3DUZDQ·VSURSRUWLRQ Kapisa (2014) 0.81 0.22 0.04 RIFKLOGUHQZKRKDGORVWDWOHDVWRQH Kabul (2013) 0.49 0.21 0.05 SDUHQWZDVKLJKHUWKDQLQ.DEXO Ghor (2012) 0.70 0.60 0.20 EXWORZHUWKDQLQ.DSLVD*KRUDQG Daykundi (2012) 1.50 0.60 0.40

'D\NXQGL0RUHRYHUDPRQJWKHÀYH Source: SDES 6'(6SURYLQFHV3DUZDQDQG.DEXO KDGWKHORZHVWSURSRUWLRQVRIFKLOGUHQZKRKDGRQO\WKHLUIDWKHUVZHUHDOLYH

64 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7.11 HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

7.11.1 Size of Households

In the estimated 100 thousand households in Parwan Province, the Text Box 11: Average Household Size DYHUDJHKRXVHKROGVL]HZDVSHUVRQVORZHUWKDQWKHQDWLRQDO DYHUDJH  SHUVRQV  7KRVH ZLWK ² PHPEHUV DFFRXQWHG IRU Parwan (2014)* 6.8 Kapisa (2014)* 6.8 34.5 percent, while one-person households comprised only 0.8 Kabul (2013)* 6.9 SHUFHQW$PRQJWKHGLVWULFWV&KDULNDU SHUVRQV 6D\LG.KDLO Ghor (2012)* 5.6 SHUVRQV 6DODQJ SHUVRQV DQG6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG Daykundi (2012)* 9.0 SHUVRQV UHJLVWHUHGDORZHUDYHUDJHKRXVHKROGVL]HWKDQWKH Bamiyan (2011)* 7.4 provincial average. The average household size for the districts Afghanistan** 7.4 ZDVDERYHWKHSURYLQFLDODYHUDJHZKLFKUDQJHGIURPSHUVRQV Sources:* SDES 6KD\NK$OL WRSHUVRQV .RKL6DÀ  **NRVA 2011-2012 Table 26. Percentage Distribution of Households by Size, Average Household Size and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/ District Size or Moreor Average 1 Person 2 Persons 3 Persons 4 Persons 5 Persons 6 Persons 7 Persons 8 Persons 9 Persons Household Household 10 Persons

Parwan 0.8 5.4 7.4 9.9 11.8 13.5 13.4 12.1 9.1   Charikar 0.9   10.7 12.9 14.4 13.3 12.4 8.3 12.4  %DJUDP 0.8 4.9 7.4 10.2 11.7 13.0 13.3 12.3 9.0 17.3  Shinwari  3.2 5.2 8.7 10.4 13.9 12.7 11.0 10.2 24.1 7.7 Sayid Khail 1.4  8.7 10.5  13.4  11.5 8.9 13.0  -DEXOXVVDUDM 0.9 5.8 7.3 9.1   13.4 13.5 9.7 17.2  Salang 1.3 7.9  9.9 11.1 12.8 12.4 10.7 8.3   6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 0.3 5.4  10.2 12.8 14.9  11.8 8.9 14.4  .RKL6DÀ 0.5 4.5   8.4 11.5 12.7  10.7  8.1 Surkhi Parsa 1.0 3.1 5.5 7.8 9.8 11.7 12.0 12.0 10.7  7.9 Shaykh Ali 0.5 5.0  8.2 10.0 9.3 12.9 13.1 11.8  7.3

7.11.2 Main Source of Energy for Cooking

:RRGZDVWKHPRVWFRPPRQVRXUFHRIHQHUJ\IRUFRRNLQJZLWKSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVLQWKH SURYLQFHXVLQJLW )LJXUH /LTXLG3HWUROHXP*DV /3* ZDVXVHGE\SHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGV DQLPDOGXQJE\SHUFHQWVWUDZVKUXEVJUDVVE\SHUFHQWDQGWKHUHPDLQLQJSHUFHQWXVHG RWKHUW\SHVRIIXHOVXFKDVNHURVHQHFKDUFRDOFRDOOLJQLWHHOHFWULFLW\DQGDJULFXOWXUDOFURSUHVLGXH

65 PARWAN

Figure 38. Percentage Distribution of Households by Main Source of Energy for Cooking and District: Parwan, September 2014

100% 3.7 4.1 4.5 1.8 3.8 4.0 1.6 2.3 2.0 6.4 2.8 2.5 6.4 6.3 5.8 3.8 9.1 5.6 2.0 7.7 2.4 10.1 6.4 6.2 14.9 90% 3.7 3.1 2.7 5.0 80% 17.2 70% 21.9 49.0 60% 60.5 69.0 84.5 50% 74.2 83.9 87.7 78.1 40% 81.8 69.7 30% 59.6 20% 41.1 25.1 10% 17.8 10.9 8.3 8.1 5.8 0% 1.7 0.3 0.7 1.5 Parwan Charikar Bagram Shinwari Sayid Khail Jabulussaraj Salang Syahgirdi Kohi Safi Surkhi Parsa Shaykh Ali Ghorband LPG Wood Straw / Shrubs / Grass Animal dung Others

:RRGZDVDSRSXODUIXHOIRUFRRNLQJLQ6KLQZDUL SHUFHQW 6D\LG.KDLO SHUFHQW 6\DKJLUGL *KRUEDQG SHUFHQW 6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW 6DODQJ SHUFHQW DQG%DJUDP SHUFHQW  ZKLOHSHUFHQWRIWKHKRXVHKROGVLQ&KDULNDUXVHG/3*DVHQHUJ\IRUFRRNLQJ

7.11.3 Main Source of Energy for Heating

:RRGZDVDQLPSRUWDQWVRXUFHRIHQHUJ\IRUKHDWLQJLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHDQGZDVXVHGIRUWKLVSXUSRVH E\WKUHHLQÀYHKRXVHKROGV )LJXUH &KDUFRDOZDVXVHGE\SHUFHQWRIWKHWRWDOKRXVHKROGV DQLPDOGXQJDQGEXVKHVE\SHUFHQWJDVE\SHUFHQWDQGFRDOE\SHUFHQW7KHUHPDLQLQJ 1.4 percent of households used other fuels such as kerosene, diesel, electricity, etc. More than half of KRXVHKROGVLQDOOGLVWULFWVH[FHSW&KDULNDUDQG-DEXOXVVDUDMXVHGZRRGDVIXHOIRUKHDWLQJUDQJLQJ IURPSHUFHQWLQ%DJUDPDQG6KD\NK$OLWRSHUFHQWLQ6KLQZDUL

&KDUFRDOZDVXVHGE\WZRLQÀYHKRXVHKROGVLQ&KDULNDU SHUFHQW ZKLOHDQLPDOGXQJRUEXVKZDV XVHGE\WKUHHLQWHQKRXVHKROGVLQ6KD\NK$OL SHUFHQW 

Figure 39. Percentage Distribution of Households by Main Source of Energy for Heating and District: Parwan, September 2014

100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0

Wood Charcoal Animal Dung / bushes Gas Coal Others

66 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7.11.4 Main Source of Energy for Lighting

Solar power was the leading source of energy for lighting among households in Parwan Province and ZDVXVHGE\SHUFHQWRIWKHWRWDOKRXVHKROGVIROORZHGE\HOHFWULFLW\ SHUFHQW JDVODPS  SHUFHQW DQGNHURVHQHODPS SHUFHQW DVVKRZQLQ)LJXUH7KHUHPDLQLQJSHUFHQWXVHG other sources such as candles, etc.

0RVW KRXVHKROGV LQ .RKL 6DÀ  SHUFHQW  6D\LG .KDLO  SHUFHQW 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG  SHUFHQW %DJUDP SHUFHQW DQG6KLQZDUL SHUFHQW XVHGVRODUSRZHUIRUOLJKWLQJ

Electricity (from generator, gridline or hydropower) was the main source of energy for lighting in Salang SHUFHQW 6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW 6KD\NK$OL SHUFHQW DQG&KDULNDU SHUFHQW 

Figure 40. Percentage Distribution of Households by Main Source of Energy for Lighting and District: Parwan, September 2014

100% 4.6 1.8 1.4 2.4 2.8 5.2 2.9 6.4 6.3 3.6 3.4 5.8 5.3 5.8 13.4 2.9 5.5 3.2 90% 6.7 5.7 4.9 8.5 9.7 1.0 8.7 10.3 8.0 80% 28.4 22.7 11.6 70% 33.2 32.3 60% 47.6 69.2 19.3 63.8 75.8 50%

40% 80.7 81.3 67.3 68.8 30% 52.1 48.8 46.4 20% 34.5 25.4 24.9 10% 15.3 0% Parwan Charikar Bagram Shinwari Sayid Khail Jabulussaraj Salang Syahgirdi Kohi Safi Surkhi Parsa Shaykh Ali Ghorband Solar Electricity Gas lamp Kerosene lamp Others

7.11.5 Main Source of Water for Drinking, Washing, Cooking and Other Uses

6XUIDFHZDWHUZDVWKHPDLQVRXUFHRIGULQNLQJZDWHULQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHDQGZDVXVHGE\SHUFHQW of households, got their drinking water from this source while 22.3 percent from protected wells. Across the province, 41.5 percent of households had access to improved VRXUFHV RI GULQNLQJ ZDWHU3 22.3 percent drew water from a Text Box 12: Households Using Improved Drinking Water Sources SURWHFWHGZHOOSHUFHQWZLWKWXEHZHOOERUHKROHSHUFHQW with water from protected spring, 3.9 percent with piped water into Parwan (2014)* 41.3 GZHOOLQJ  SHUFHQW ZLWK ZDWHU SLSHG LQWR FRPSRXQG\DUG DQG Kapisa (2014)* 44.1 Kabul (2013)* 78.4 SHUFHQWZLWKSLSHGZDWHULQWRWKHLUQHLJKERXUV Ghor (2012)* 20.3 Daykundi (2012)* 14.0 Bamiyan (2011)* 15.5 Afghanistan** 27.2

Sources:* SDES **NRVA 2011-2012

ϯ͘/ŵƉƌŽǀĞĚĚƌŝŶŬŝŶŐǁĂƚĞƌƐŽƵƌĐĞƐŝŶĐůƵĚĞƉŝƉĞĚǁĂƚĞƌŝŶƚŽĚǁĞůůŝŶŐͬLJĂƌĚŽƌĐŽŵƉŽƵŶĚͬŶĞŝŐŚďŽƌ͕ƚƵďĞǁĞůůďŽƌĞŚŽůĞ͕ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚĞĚĚƵŐǁĞůůĂŶĚ ƉƌŽƚĞĐƚĞĚƐƉƌŝŶŐ͘

67 PARWAN

%DJUDPKDGWKHODUJHVWSURSRUWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVZLWKDFFHVVWRLPSURYHGGULQNLQJZDWHUVRXUFHV  SHUFHQW IROORZHGE\6D\LG.KDLO SHUFHQW ,Q6D\LG.KDLODQG%DJUDPSURWHFWHGZHOOVZHUHWKH PDLQVRXUFHVRILPSURYHGGULQNLQJZDWHUIRUSHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\RIWKHWRWDO households.

0RVWKRXVHKROGVLQ-DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQW 6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW DQG6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG SHUFHQW REWDLQHGGULQNLQJZDWHUIURPVXUIDFHZDWHUVXFKDVULYHUVVWUHDPVODNHVDQGSRQGV Table 27. Percentage Distribution of Households by Main Source of Drinking Water and and District: Parwan, September 2014

Source of Drinking Water Salang Parwan Bagram Charikar Shinwari -QJK5Cſ Syahgirdi Syahgirdi Ghorband Shaykh Ali Shaykh Sayid Khail Surkhi Parsa Surkhi Jabulussaraj

Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3LSHG:DWHU 12.3 23.4 1.1 22.2 1.4 8.4 38.9   2.9 1.2 Piped into dwelling 3.9 7.9 0.2 2.1 1.3 5.3 13.2 1.9 3.0 0.5 0.1 Piped into compound 2.7  0.3 0.4 0.0 2.5  0.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 3LSHGWRQHLJKERXU  0.7 0.4 3.2 0.1 0.0 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 3XEOLFWDS 5.1 7.8 0.1  0.0 0.5  3.7 3.5 2.3 1.0 7XEHZHOOERUHKROH 7.5 3.1 31.5 2.5 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.1 4.9 1.0 4.9 'XJ:HOO 29.8 21.3 58.2 28.0 73.5 5.1 2.1 23.8  7.0 22.3 Protected well 22.3 15.9 44.3   2.4 1.1 17.1 4.3  21.1 Unprotected well 7.5 5.3 13.9 9.3 12.0 2.8 1.0   0.8 1.2 :DWHU)URP6SULQJ 13.3 9.1 3.7 12.5 11.3  31.1  52.5 15.2  Protected spring 4.4  2.4  1.9   4.3 8.0  7.0 Unprotected spring 8.9 5.5 1.3  9.4 5.1 20.5 13.4 44.5 8.9 29.7 Surface water(river, stream, 35.0 38.2 3.4 34.9  74.5 27.7 49.4 14.9 73.7 34.7 dam, lake,pond,canal) Others 2.1 5.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.2

68 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Figure 41. Proportion of Households With Access to Improved Drinking Water Sources by District: Parwan, September 2014

Parwan 41.5

Bagram 79.2

Sayid Khail 64.9

Charikar 38.2

Shaykh Ali 33.1

Salang 33.0

Shinwari 32.4

Syahgirdi Ghorband 25.2

Kohi Safi 20.3

Jabulussaraj 16.8

Surkhi Parsa 14.2

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 Surface water was also the main source of water for washing, cooking and other uses for most KRXVHKROGV SHUFHQW $PDMRULW\RIKRXVHKROGVLQ-DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQW LQ6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW DQGLQ6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG SHUFHQW XVHGVXUIDFHZDWHUIRUWKHVHSXUSRVHV

Table 28. Percentage Distribution of Households by Main Source of Water for Washing, Cooking and other Household Uses and District: Parwan, September 2014

Source of Drinking :DWHU Salang Parwan %DJUDP Charikar Shinwari .RKL6DÀ Syahgirdi Syahgirdi *KRUEDQG Shaykh Ali Sayid Khail -DEXOXVVDUDM Surkhi Parsa Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 3LSHG:DWHU 7.0  1.5 5.9 1.2 7.8 21.4 2.7   0.2 Piped into dwelling 3.7 7.4 0.3 2.2 1.2 5.2 13.2 1.9 1.4 0.5 0.1 Piped into compound 2.7  0.8  0.0 2.5  0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 3LSHGWRQHLJKERXU   0.4 3.2 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 3XEOLFWDS   0.1 14.0 0.1 0.5  3.3 5.9 2.1 0.9 7XEHZHOOERUHKROH   29.1 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 3.3  2.7 'XJ:HOO  13.8 51.4 21.0 24.2 0.8 2.0   4.2 19.9 Protected well 14.8 8.7 37.7 14.3 14.3 0.5 1.0 15.1 1.5 3.4 18.0 Unprotected well  5.1 13.7  9.9 0.3 1.0  15.0 0.8 2.0 :DWHU)URP6SULQJ 12.5 9.3 3.5 9.1 10.8 11.5  15.7 51.0 14.1 32.7 Protected spring 3.8 3.2 2.2 3.8 1.0  10.4 3.7  5.4 4.2 Unprotected spring 8.7  1.3 5.3 9.8 5.1 20.2 12.1 45.0 8.7 28.5 Surface water(river, stream, dam, 45.9 49.5 12.3   79.1 28.2 54.1 18.5 78.2 43.4 lake,pond,canal) Others 2.3 5.5 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3  3.2 0.1 0.1

69 PARWAN

7.11.6 Land Ownership

$ERXWSHUFHQWRIWKHKRXVHKROGVLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHRZQHGDJULFXOWXUDOODQGDWWKHWLPHRIWKH survey. In Shinwari, 89.8 percent of households owned agricultural land and in the remaining districts WKH SURSRUWLRQ ZDV 6KD\NK $OL  SHUFHQW 6\DKJLUGL *KRUEDQGSHUFHQW6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW6D\LG.KDLOSHUFHQW.RKL6DÀSHUFHQW6DODQJ  SHUFHQW %DJUDP  SHUFHQW-DEXOXVVDUDMSHUFHQWDQGDWWKHORZHVW&KDULNDUZLWKSHUFHQW7KHVL]HRIODQG RZQHGKRZHYHUZDVVPDOOSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVZLWKODQGRZQHGOHVVWKDQÀYHgerib or 10,000 m2 (1 gerib P2).

Figure 42. Proportion of Households with Agricultural Land by District: Parwan, September 2014

100.0 89.8 87.9 90.0 84.7 83.7

80.0 74.0 73.3 68.7 70.0 66.2 66.3

60.0 51.0 50.0 45.9

40.0

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0 Parwan Shinwari Shaykh Ali Syahgirdi Surkhi Parsa Sayid Khail Kohi Safi Salang Bagram Jabulussaraj Charikar Ghorband 7.11.7 Ownership of Livestock and Poultry

$FURVVWKHSURYLQFHSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVRZQHGDWOHDVWDKHDGRIFDWWOHPLONFRZDQGRUDEXOO primarily for food (milk, yogurt, meat, ghee or dried whey) or to provide fuel for cooking and heating (dung). Most of the households owning cows (80.3 percent) owned only one or two heads.

The proportion of households owning a sheep was 29.0 percent with 84.7 percent of them owning ²KHDG V ZKLOHDORZHUSURSRUWLRQRIKRXVHKROGV SHUFHQW RZQHGJRDWVRIZKLFKSHUFHQW RZQHGKHDG V 

2QO\SHUFHQWRZQHGDKRUVHGRQNH\DQGRUPXOHPRVWRIWKHVH SHUFHQW RZQHGRQO\RQHRU two donkeys or horses.

Raising chickens was the most popular activity among households with livestock or poultry, with 42.0 percent raising at least one chicken. Most raised chickens for food and 51.1 percent raised fewer than ÀYHFKLFNHQV$VPDOOSURSRUWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVUDLVHGHLWKHUGXFNRUWXUNH\ SHUFHQW 

At least 70 perceQWRIKRXVHKROGVLQ.RKL6DÀRZQHGDJRDWRUDFKLFNHQ SHUFHQW DQG  percent, respectively).

70 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 29. Proportion of Households by Ownership of Livestock/Poultry, Type and District: Parwan, September 2014

Cattle/Milk Cow/ Horse/Donkey/ Duck/ Province/District Sheep Goat Chicken Bull Mule Turkey Parwan 38.2 29.0 21.3 18.7 42.0 2.4 Charikar 21.9 7.9 3.2 4.4  1.2 %DJUDP 42.1 17.2  4.7 38.0  Shinwari 51.2 53.3  43.2  5.0 Sayid Khail 52.5 14.5 1.9 1.8 39.9 2.3 -DEXOXVVDUDM 28.7 19.2 10.1 4.0 31.3 1.9 Salang 30.5 37.4 33.9 11.5   6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 44.8  40.0 35.8  2.7 .RKL6DÀ 45.9  77.2  71.2 5.0 Surkhi Parsa   39.2   1.3 Shaykh Ali     51.3 3.0

7.11.8 Household Assets and Facilities

In Parwan Province as a whole, 81.2 percent of households had electricity in their houses. In Salang, WKLVSURSRUWLRQLQFUHDVHGWRSHUFHQW

0RELOHSKRQHVZHUHWKHVHFRQGPRVWFRPPRQLWHP DPRQJWKHOLVWRILWHPV RZQHGE\PHPEHUVRI KRXVHKROGV SHUFHQW 7KHQHFHVVLW\RIDFRPPXQLFDWLRQIDFLOLW\LVHYLGHQWLQDOOGLVWULFWVIURP percent of households in Shinwari to 84.8 percent in Charikar.

A comparison of media and communication equipment reveals that 71.2 percent of the households in WKHSURYLQFHRZQHGDUDGLRIROORZHGE\DWHOHYLVLRQVHW SHUFHQW 5DGLRRZQHUVKLSZDVKLJKHVW LQ6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGDQG-DEXOXVVDUDM SHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\ 7HOHYLVLRQVHW RZQHUVKLSZDVKLJKHVWLQ-DEXOXVVDUDMDQG&KDULNDU SHUFHQWDQGSHUFHQWUHVSHFWLYHO\ 

Nearly a quarter, 23.7 percent, of households in the province had a motorcycle, either for personal RUEXVLQHVVXVH'LVWULFWZLVHDWOHDVWWKUHHLQWHQKRXVHKROGVLQ6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG SHUFHQW  %DJUDP SHUFHQW DQG6XUNKL3DUVD SHUFHQW RZQHGDPRWRUF\FOH

71 PARWAN

Table 30. Proportion of Households by Type of Asset/Facility Present in the Households and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/ TV Car Cart

District Truck Radio Watch Bicycle Internet Computer Generator Electricity Motorcycle Refrigerator Mobile Phone Landline Phone Washing Machine

Parwan 81.2 71.2 41.3 0.8 4.5 4.4 1.7 71.1   28.2 23.7 1.0 11.0 3.4 7.9 Charikar 81.7   1.1  12.2 2.9  84.8  34.2 23.0 0.9 12.7 4.3  %DJUDP 82.1  41.9 0.9 1.3 2.1 1.3  83.2  48.2 30.1 1.7 12.4 3.7 9.1 Shinwari 82.5 77.2 9.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 90.3 42.4 5.5 8.2  0.2 8.1 2.8 4.3 Sayid Khail  73.3 40.5 0.8     81.8 5.4 39.5 22.7 0.5 10.0 3.2  -DEXOXVVDUDM    1.2 2.4 3.2 2.5 73.3 84.5 10.9 28.2 10.4  13.9 3.2 13.0 Salang  55.5 42.7 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4   3.1 1.7 3.7 0.2 7.7 2.1 5.5 Syahgirdi  88.0 28.5  0.7 1.5 1.1 85.9  8.8 9.5 30.4 1.1 9.5 2.8 11.7 *KRUEDQG .RKL6DÀ   2.1 1.0 0.2 0.2 4.3 87.3 74.9 1.9  27.2 3.7  1.8 3.7 Surkhi Parsa 88.9 53.0  0.5  1.3 1.0 51.9   28.1  0.5 9.2 3.1 5.2 Shaykh Ali 73.7 59.9 31.9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.3  78.1 7.8  28.2 0.4 7.5 3.7 3.0

7.12 HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS

7.12.1 Construction Materials of Roofs

The majority of households (89.1 percent) in Parwan Province at the time of the survey were living in KRXVHVZLWKURRIVPDGHRIVRLOPXGZLWKZRRGORJVZKLOHSHUFHQWOLYHGLQKRXVHVZLWKURRIVPDGH RIVRLOPXGZLWKZRRGPHWDOSHUFHQWLQKRXVHVZLWKURRIVPDGHRIVWXFFRZLWKEULFNVPHWDODQGWKH UHPDLQLQJSHUFHQWLQKRXVHVZLWKURRIVPDGHRIRWKHUPDWHULDOVDQGRWKHUVVXFKDVEULFNVZLWK VRLOPXGFHPHQW

72 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 31. Percentage Distribution of Households by Construction Materials of the Roof of the Housing Units and District: Parwan, September 2014

Soil/Mud with Soil/Mud with Stucco with Province/District Others Wood/Logs Wood/Metal Bricks/Metal Parwan 89.1   1.8 Charikar 80.2 11.2 5.3 3.3 %DJUDP 79.8 13.7 4.2 2.3 Shinwari 98.4 0.5 0.2 0.8 SayidKhail 95.0 2.9 1.1 1.1 -DEXOXVVDUDM 90.8  2.1 2.4 Salang 98.8 0.7 0.2 0.3 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 99.1 0.4 0.3 0.2 .RKL6DÀ 97.3 2.4 0.3 0.1 Surkhi Parsa 99.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 Shaykh Ali 99.9 0.0 0.0 0.1

7.12.2 Construction Materials of the Outer Walls

6RLOVWRQHZLWKPXGZDVWKHPRVWFRPPRQO\XVHGPDWHULDOIRUWKHRXWHUZDOOVRIKRXVHVDQGZDVXVHG E\SHUFHQWRIWKHKRXVHKROGV$GREHZDVXVHGIRURXWHUZDOOVE\SHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVDQG EULFNVDQGZRRGE\SHUFHQW+RXVHKROGVOLYLQJLQKRXVHVZLWKRXWHUZDOOVPDGHRIVRLOVWRQHZLWKPXG UDQJHGIURPSHUFHQW &KDULNDU WRSHUFHQW 6XUNKL3DUVD 7KHSURSRUWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVOLYLQJ LQKRXVHVZLWKRXWHUZDOOVPDGHRIDGREHYDULHGIURP]HUR 6XUNKL3DUVD WRSHUFHQW &KDULNDU  Table 32. Percentage Distribution of Households by Construction Materials of the Outer Walls of the Housing Units and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Soil and Stone with Mud Adobe Bricks and Wood Others

Parwan 83.0 10.0 4.8 2.2 Charikar  23.1 8.4 5.1 %DJUDP 85.2 7.3  1.3 Shinwari 89.2   1.5 Sayid Khail 93.1 3.3 2.5 1.1 -DEXOXVVDUDM 77.2  7.2 3.0 Salang  1.9 0.8 1.3 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 97.8 1.0 1.0 0.2 .RKL6DÀ 98.8 0.3 0.9 0.1 Surkhi Parsa 99.5 0.0 0.4 0.0 Shaykh Ali 98.9 0.1 0.7 0.3

73 PARWAN

7.12.3 Construction Materials of the Floor

7KHPDMRULW\RIKRXVHKROGVOLYHGLQKRXVHVZLWKÁRRUVPDGHRIHDUWKRUVDQG SHUFHQW ZKLOH SHUFHQWLQKRXVHVZLWKÁRRUVPDGHRIFHPHQW+RXVHKROGVOLYLQJLQKRXVHVZLWKHDUWKVDQGÁRRUV FRPSULVHG DW OHDVW  SHUFHQW LQ HDFK GLVWULFWZLWK .RKL 6DÀ KDYLQJ WKH KLJKHVW SHUFHQWDJH DW  SHUFHQWIROORZHGE\6XUNKL3DUVDDWSHUFHQW,Q&KDULNDUSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVXVHGFHPHQW DVÁRRULQJPDWHULDO

Table 33. Percentage Distribution of Households by Construction Materials of the Floor of the Housing Units and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Earth/Sand Cement Others Parwan 90.8  1.2 Charikar 81.0 17.3 1.3 %DJUDP 87.7 7.9 4.0 Shinwari 97.3 2.4 0.0 Sayid Khail 95.7 4.0 0.0 -DEXOXVVDUDM  7.4 0.0 Salang 98.7 1.2 0.0 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 98.9 0.8 0.0 .RKL6DÀ  0.4 0.0 Surkhi Parsa 99.5 0.1 0.0 Shaykh Ali 97.0 0.1 

7.12.4 Ownership of the Dwelling Unit

$ERXWSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVVXUYH\HGOLYHGLQKRXVHVWKH\RZQHGSHUFHQWLQDIUHHORGJLQJ arrangement and 3.4 percent in rented houses. Except in Charikar and Surkhi Parsa, all other districts had at least 90 percent of the households lived in houses they owned, with the percentage ranged from SHUFHQWLQ%DJUDPWRSHUFHQWLQ6KLQZDUL,Q&KDULNDUSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVZHUHUHQWLQJ while in Surkhi Parsa, 12.5 percent lived in houses with a free lodging arrangement.

74 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table 34. Proportion of Households by Tenure Status of Dwelling Unit and District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Owned Rented Pledged Free Lodging

Parwan 92.4 3.4   Charikar 85.0 9.1 1.9 4.0 %DJUDP 92.8 2.0 0.2 4.9 Shinwari 99.1 0.2 0.0 0.7 Sayid Khail 97.4 0.3 0.0 2.3 -DEXOXVVDUDM 94.0 2.5 0.4 3.2 Salang  0.4 0.1 3.1 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 97.4 0.5 0.0 2.1 .RKL6DÀ 98.4 0.4 0.0 1.0 Surkhi Parsa  1.3 0.1 12.5 Shaykh Ali 95.5 0.9 0.0 3.5 7.12.5 Type of Toilet Facility

2QO\SHUFHQWRIWKHKRXVHKROGVLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHKDG Text Box 13: Households Using Improved UHSRUWHG WR EH KDYLQJ DQ LPSURYHG VDQLWDWLRQ IDFLOLW\ DV SHU Sanitation WKH 81,&() GHÀQLWLRQ 47KLVLQFOXGHVÁXVKWRVHSWLFWDQN SHUFHQW ÁXVKWRSLWODWULQH SHUFHQW ÁXVKWRSLSHG Parwan (2014)* 6.8 Kapisa (2014)* 1.9 sewer system (0.4 percent), ventilated improved pit latrine (0.7 Kabul (2013)* 43.8 SHUFHQW SLWODWULQHZLWKVODE SHUFHQW DQGFRPSRVWLQJ Ghor (2012)* 2.3 toilet (0.2 percent). Among the districts, Charikar had the Daykundi (2012)* 1.4 highest proportion of households with an improved sanitation Bamiyan (2011)* 12.7 facility (15.9 percent) while Surkhi Parsa had the lowest (1.0 Afghanistan** 6.0 percent). Sources:* SDES **NRVA 2011-2012 More than 90 percent of the households in Parwan Province used elevated toilet facilities in which dirt is deposited on the ground and collected at intervals. Charikar, registered the lowest percentage of this facility at 82.2 percent.

ϰ͘ŶŝŵƉƌŽǀĞĚƚŽŝůĞƚĨĂĐŝůŝƚLJŵĂLJŝŶĐůƵĚĞ͗&ůƵƐŚƚŽƉŝƉĞĚƐĞǁĞƌƐLJƐƚĞŵ͕ŇƵƐŚƚŽƐĞƉƟĐƚĂŶŬ͕ŇƵƐŚƚŽƉŝƚůĂƚƌŝŶĞ͕ǀĞŶƟůĂƚĞĚŝŵƉƌŽǀĞĚƉŝƚůĂƚƌŝŶĞ͕Ɖŝƚ ůĂƚƌŝŶĞǁŝƚŚƐůĂď͕ĂŶĚĐŽŵƉŽƐƟŶŐƚŽŝůĞƚ͘

75 PARWAN

Figure 43. Proportion of Households With an Improved Sanitation Facility by District: Parwan, September 2014

Parwan 6.8 Charikar 15.9 Kohi Safi 6.3 Salang 5.8 Jabulussaraj 4.7 Bagram 4.4 Sayid Khail 2.5 Syahgirdi Ghorband 2.2 Shaykh Ali 2.0 Shinwari 1.2 Surkhi Parsa 1.0

Table 35. Percentage Distribution of Households by Type of Toilet Facility and District: Parwan, September 2014

Improved Not improved

Ventilated Province/ Flush/Pour to Pit Latrine Flush to Improved/ Pit Compost- Elevated District Total Piped Sewer/ Total Without Somewhere Else/ Others Latrine with ing Pit Toilet Septic Tank/pit Slab Unknown Place Slab

Parwan  5.3 1.3 0.2 93.2 91.0  0.3 1.2 Charikar 15.9 13.8 1.7 0.4 84.1 82.2 1.2 0.2  %DJUDP 4.4 2.2 1.9 0.3 95.5 93.7 0.3 0.1 1.5 Shinwari 1.2 0.9 0.1 0.2 98.8 92.2 0.3 3.0 3.3 Sayid Khail 2.5 1.0 1.5 0.0 97.5 97.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 -DEXOXVVDUDM 4.7 3.8 0.9 0.1 95.3  0.3 0.0 0.3 Salang 5.8 4.8 0.9 0.2 94.2 88.3 0.1 0.2 5.7 Syahgirdi 2.2 1.4  0.1 97.9  0.9 0.1 0.7 *KRUEDQG .RKL6DÀ  3.4 2.9 0.0 93.8 92.1 1.0  0.1 Surkhi Parsa 1.0 0.2 0.4 0.3 99.0 98.5 0.2 0.0 0.3 Shaykh Ali 2.0 0.2 1.8 0.0 98.0 94.3 1.1 0.0 2.5

76 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

7.12.6 Number of Rooms in the Dwelling Units at the Disposal of the Household and Number of Rooms Used for Sleeping

7DEOHVKRZVWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVE\WKHQXPEHURIURRPVLQWKHLUGZHOOLQJXQLWVDQGE\ household size. This data indicates whether residents are living in crowded conditions which may have a negative impact on physical and mental health of persons living in it, and on the development of children. 5RRPVFRQVLGHUHG¶GZHOOLQJURRPV·LQFOXGHEHGURRPVGLQLQJURRPVVLWWLQJURRPVVWXG\URRPVDQG VHUYDQWV·URRPVEXWH[FOXGLQJNLWFKHQVDQGWRLOHWV

$ERXWSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVZLWKRUPRUHPHPEHUVOLYHGLQKRXVLQJXQLWVZLWKWKUHHURRPV and 25.4 percent lived in dwelling units with four rooms. Only 23.1 percent of households with 10 or PRUHPHPEHUVOLYHGLQGZHOOLQJXQLWVZLWKVL[RUPRUHURRPV

Table 36. Percentage Distribution of Households by Number of Dwelling Rooms at Their Disposal and Household Size: Parwan, September 2014

Number of Rooms at the Disposal of the Households Household Size One Two Three Four Five 6 or More All Households 9.7 29.9 25.5 18.4 7.5 8.9 1 Person 51.7 32.2 8.7 4.7 1.1 1.8 2 Persons  42.7 15.9 8.4 2.2 2.2 3 Persons 23.3 40.5 21.0  3.3 2.2 4 Persons 17.0 39.5 23.8 12.2 4.2 3.2 5 Persons 12.7 35.0  15.2 5.8 4.7 3HUVRQV 8.9 33.4 28.0 18.1 5.8 5.8 7 Persons 5.9 31.8 28.1 19.5 7.1  8 Persons 3.7 27.4 29.2 22.9 8.2 8.7 9 Persons 2.3 23.1 28.2 24.1 10.4 11.9 10 Persons or more 1.1  23.5 25.4 14.3 23.1

$ERXW²SHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVOLYHGLQGZHOOLQJXQLWVZLWKRQO\RQHURRPDQG²SHUFHQWLQWZR URRPV6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGUHJLVWHUHGWKHORZHVWSURSRUWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVOLYLQJLQKRXVLQJXQLWVZLWK only one room (2.4 percent).

6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQGKDGWKHODUJHVWSHUFHQWDJHRIKRXVHKROGVOLYLQJLQKRXVLQJXQLWVZLWKÀYHRUPRUH URRPVDWSHUFHQW 7DEOH ,QWKHRWKHUGLVWULFWVWKLVSHUFHQWDJHUDQJHGIURPSHUFHQWLQ6KD\NK Ali to 31.9 percent in Shinwari. In contrast, more than half of households in Shaykh Ali lived in housing XQLWVZLWKRQO\RQHRUWZRURRPV SHUFHQW 

77 PARWAN

Table 37. Percentage Distribution of Households by Number of Dwelling Rooms at Their Disposal and District: Parwan, September 2014

Number of Rooms at the Disposal of the Households Province/District One Two Three Four Five 6 or More Parwan 9.7 29.9 25.5 18.4 7.5 8.9 Charikar  37.4  14.2 4.3 3.9 %DJUDP 11.1 33.0     Shinwari  15.1  23.9 12.3  Sayid Khail 13.3   14.0 4.2 4.9 -DEXOXVVDUDM  25.3 28.0 23.7 7.9 8.9 Salang 5.8 38.2  18.1  4.9 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 2.4  24.2 24.9  18.4 .RKL6DÀ 4.4   20.4 14.5 13.3 Surkhi Parsa 7.4  23.7 18.3 7.9 11.0 Shaykh Ali  38.4 24.1 14.4 3.8 3.1

7DEOHVKRZVWKHGLVWULEXWLRQRIKRXVHKROGVLQ3DUZDQ3URYLQFHE\QXPEHURIURRPVLQWKHLUGZHOOLQJ XVHGIRUVOHHSLQJDQGE\KRXVHKROGVL]H7KLVGDWDSURYLGHVDPRUHUHÀQHGLQGLFDWRURIWKHFURZGHGQHVV RIKRXVLQJXQLWVDQGDOVRUHÁHFWVWKHGHJUHHRISULYDF\DYDLODEOH,Q3DUZDQ3URYLQFHSHUFHQWRI KRXVHKROGVUHJDUGOHVVRIVL]HKDGRQHURRPDYDLODEOHIRUVOHHSLQJZKLOHSHUFHQWKDGWZRURRPV

Table 38. Percentage Distribution of Households by Number of Rooms Used for Sleeping and Household Size: Parwan, September 2014 Number of Rooms Used for Sleeping Household Size One 6 or Two Three Four Five More All Households 28.7 44.0 19.3 5.8 1.4 0.7 1 Person 93.5 5.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2 Persons 82.0 15.2 1.9  0.0 0.1 3 Persons  31.9 4.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 4 Persons 50.8   1.4 0.3 0.0 5 Persons 38.5 48.4 10.8 1.9 0.3 0.1 3HUVRQV 28.2 53.8 14.9 2.5 0.4 0.2 7 Persons 20.3 55.8 19.3 3.5 0.8 0.2 8 Persons 12.4 55.9 25.1 5.5 0.8 0.3 9 Persons 7.7  31.7 8.2 1.4 0.5 10 Persons or more  30.0 38.3 18.9  3.5 $ERXWSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVZLWKRUPRUHPHPEHUVOLYHGLQGZHOOLQJXQLWVZLWKURRPV XVHGIRUVOHHSLQJ$QRWKHUSHUFHQWRIKRXVHKROGVZLWKQLQHKRXVHKROGPHPEHUVOLYHGLQGZHOOLQJ XQLWVZLWKWZREHGURRPVDQGSHUFHQWLQGZHOOLQJXQLWVZLWKWKUHHEHGURRPV2QO\SHUFHQWRI KRXVHKROGVZLWKRUPRUHPHPEHUVOLYHGLQGZHOOLQJXQLWVZLWKÀYHRUPRUHURRPVIRUVOHHSLQJ

78 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

APPENDICES

Definition of Terms

Adult Literacy Rate. Percentage of persons aged 15 and over who can read and write.

Dependency Ratio. 7KHUDWLRRIWKHQXPEHURISHUVRQVDJHG²DQGDQGRYHUWRWKHQXPEHURI SHUVRQVLQWKHPRVWSURGXFWLYHDJHVRI²H[SUHVVHGDVDSHUFHQWDJH

(WPEVKQPCN&KHſEWNV[$SHUVRQZLWKGLIÀFXOW\LQIXQFWLRQLQJPD\KDYHDFWLYLW\OLPLWDWLRQVZKLFKPD\ range from a slight to a severe deviation in terms of quality or quantity in executing an activity in a manner or to the extent that is expected of people without the health condition. In general, functional GLIÀFXOWLHVH[SHULHQFHGE\SHRSOHPD\EHGXHWRWKHLUKHDOWKFRQGLWLRQ VXFKDVGLVHDVHRULOOQHVV RWKHU KHDOWKSUREOHP VXFKDVDVKRUWRUORQJODVWLQJLQMXU\ DPHQWDORUHPRWLRQDOSUREOHPRUDSUREOHP with alcohol or drug use. A health condition may also include other circumstances, such as pregnancy, DJLQJVWUHVVRUFRQJHQLWDODQRPDO\'LIÀFXOW\LVXVXDOO\PDQLIHVWHGZKHQDSHUVRQLVGRLQJDQDFWLYLW\ with increased effort, discomfort or pain, slowness or changes in the way the activity is typically done.

,PSURYHG 'ULQNLQJ:DWHU 6RXUFH 2QH WKDW E\ QDWXUH RI LWV FRQVWUXFWLRQ RU WKURXJK DFWLYH intervention, is protected from outside contamination, in particular from contamination from IDHFDOPDWWHU,WLQFOXGHVSLSHGZDWHUWRWKHGZHOOLQJFRPSRXQGRUQHLJKERUWXEHZHOOERUHKROH protected well; and protected spring.

,PSURYHG6DQLWDWLRQ)DFLOLW\)RU0'*PRQLWRULQJRQHWKDWK\JLHQLFDOO\VHSDUDWHVKXPDQH[FUHWDIURP KXPDQFRQWDFW,WLQFOXGHVÁXVKRUSRXUÁXVKWRVHZHUV\VWHPVHSWLFWDQNRUWRSLWYHQWLODWHGLPSURYHG SLWODWULQHRUSLWODWULQHZLWKVODEDQGFRPSRVWLQJWRLOHW

1HW6FKRRO$WWHQGDQFH5DWH5DWLRRIFKLOGUHQRIRIÀFLDOVFKRRODJHZKRDWWHQGHGVFKRROLQWKH DSSURSULDWHFODVVWRWKHWRWDOSRSXODWLRQRIRIÀFLDOVFKRRODJH SULPDU\²\HDUDJHJURXSDWWHQG FODVVHV²VHFRQGDU\²\HDUDJHJURXSDWWHQGVFODVVHV²KLJKVFKRRO²\HDUDJHJURXS DWWHQGVFODVVHV²DQGYRFDWLRQKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ²\HDUDJHJURXSDWWHQGVFODVVDQG DERYH 

6H[5DWLR7KHSURSRUWLRQDOGLVWULEXWLRQRIWKHVH[HVLQDSRSXODWLRQDJJUHJDWHH[SUHVVHGDVWKH QXPEHURIPDOHVSHUIHPDOHV

79 PARWAN

Quality of Age Data

7KHUHODWLYHO\VPDOODJHJURXSVKRZQLQ)LJXUH$KDVWKUHHSRVVLEOHH[SODQDWLRQV IHUWLOLW\ decline over the decades (from 7.1 children in 19795WRFKLOGUHQLQ ); 2) omission of children at very young ages, most likely infants as is common in many countries; and 3) age misreporting FRQWULEXWLQJERWKWRWKHGHQWDW²DQGEXOJHVDWROGHUDJHV

The tendency of surveyors or respondents to report certain ages at the expense of others is called age heaping, age preference or digit preference. Digit preference is the preference for particular ages ending in certain digits. Preference for 0 and 5 is the most widespread.

Figure A1 shows single-year-of-age data for and demonstrates the preference for ages ending in 0 DQG  3RVVLEOH HUURUV LQ VLQJOH\HDURIDJH GDWD DUH QHW XQGHUHQXPHUDWLRQ RI VHOHFWHG SRSXODWLRQ groups and misreporting or mis-assignment of age. Infants or children aged 0 are under-reported, RIWHQEHFDXVHSDUHQWVWHQGQRWWRWKLQNRIWKHPDVPHPEHUVRIWKHKRXVHKROG7KHYHU\VPDOOQXPEHU RILQIDQWVDQGFKLOGUHQZKRDUH\HDURIDJHFRPSDUHGWRWKHQXPEHURIFKLOGUHQDJHG²\HDUV VXJJHVWVDQDSSUHFLDEOHXQGHUFRYHUDJHRIVXFKFKLOGUHQLQWKHVXUYH\

Figure A1. Population in Single Year of Age by Sex: Parwan, September 2014

ϵϱ ϵϬ ϴϱ ϴϬ ϳϱ &ĞŵĂůĞ DĂůĞ ϳϬ ϲϱ ϲϬ ϱϱ ϱϬ ϰϱ ϰϬ ϯϱ ϯϬ Ϯϱ ϮϬ ϭϱ ϭϬ ϱ hŶĚĞƌϭ ϭϱ͕ϬϬϬ ϭϬ͕ϬϬϬ ϱ͕ϬϬϬ Ϭ ϱ͕ϬϬϬ ϭϬ͕ϬϬϬ ϭϱ͕ϬϬϬ

ϱ͘ϭϵϳϵĞŶƐƵƐWƌĞůŝŵŝŶĂƌLJZĞƐƵůƚƐŽĨĨŐŚĂŶŝƐƚĂŶ͘ ϲ͘EĂƟŽŶĂůZŝƐŬĂŶĚsƵůŶĞƌĂďŝůŝƚLJƐƐĞƐƐŵĞŶƚϮϬϬϳͬϴ;WƌŽĮůĞŽĨĨŐŚĂŶŝƐƚĂŶͿ

80 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

Table A1. Indexes of Age Preference by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Myer’s Blended Index Whipple’s Index Parwan 22.8 237.1 Charikar  255.2 %DJUDP 24.8 248.8 Shinwari 45.7 231.7 Sayid Khail 22.0  -DEXOXVVDUDM 25.3  Salang 24.8 248.9 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 17.0 187.0 .RKL6DÀ   Surkhi Parsa 20.2  Shaykh Ali 23.8 258.4

7ZR LQGH[HV RI DJH SUHIHUHQFH WKH 0\HU·V %OHQGHG ,QGH[ DQG :KLSSOH·V ,QGH[ DUH SUHVHQWHG LQ 7DEOH$0\HU·V%OHQGHG,QGH[PHDVXUHVSUHIHUHQFH for any terminal digit and ranges theoretically from Text Box A1: Age Preference Indexes Myer’s 0, representing no heaping or preference for any Blended Index Whipple’s terminal digit, to 90, which would result if all ages Index WKDWKDYHEHHQUHSRUWHGLQDVXUYH\HQGLQDVLQJOH Parwan (2014)* 22.8 237.1 GLJLW:KLSSOH·V,QGH[PHDVXUHVKHDSLQJRQDJHVZLWK Kapisa (2014)* 21.3 231.2 terminal digits 0 and 5. It ranges from 100, indicating no Kabul (2013)* 21.4 230.2 Ghor (2012)* 53.1 388.1 preference for terminal digits 0 or 5, to 500, indicating Daykundi (2012)* 23.8 243.6 that only ages ending in 0 and 5 were reported. For Bamiyan (2011)* 27.8 282.2 3DUZDQ3URYLQFHWKH0\HU·V%OHQGHG,QGH[LV Afghanistan** 20.6 223.0 ZKLOH:KLSSOH·V,QGH[LV7KHVHDUHKLJKHUWKDQ WKH FRUUHVSRQGLQJ ÀJXUHV FRPSXWHG IRU $IJKDQLVWDQ Sources:* SDES ZKLFKZHUHDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ 7H[W%R[$  **NRVA 2011-2012 At the district level, Myer’s Index ranges from 17.0 to ZKLOH:KLSSOH·V,QGH[UDQJHVIURPWR

Presenting age data in 5-year age groups tends to minimize Text Box A2: UN Age-Sex Accuracy Index some of the irregularities present in single-year-age data, LQFOXGLQJ HUURUV EURXJKW DERXW E\ DJH KHDSLQJ RU GLJLW Parwan (2014) 40.3 preference. Omission of some population groups, say, young Kapisa (2014) 39.3 FKLOGUHQ SDUWLFXODUO\ LQIDQWV WKH DJHG DQG PRELOH \RXQJ Kabul (2013) 46.7 Ghor (2012) 88.3 adults, particularly those working away from home, can still Daykundi (2012) 67.8 affect the quality of grouped age data. Bamiyan (2011) 68.4

A popular measure of the quality of grouped age-sex data is Source: SDES the UN age-sex accuracy index. Census age-sex data are GHVFULEHGDVDFFXUDWHLIWKHLQGH[LVXQGHU7KHLQGH[VKRXOG EH LQWHUSUHWHG ZLWK FDXWLRQ DV LW GRHVQRWWDNHLQWRDFFRXQWUHDOLUUHJXODULWLHVLQDJHGLVWULEXWLRQGXHWRPLJUDWLRQDQGZDUPRUWDOLW\

81 PARWAN

for instance, which may have affected the value for Parwan. The UN age-sex accuracy index for the 3DUZDQLVZKLFKLVORZHUWKDQWKHLQGH[HVIRUDOOSURYLQFHVZKHUH6'(6KDGEHHQFRQGXFWHG$W WKHGLVWULFWOHYHOWKHLQGH[YDULHVIURPIRU&KDULNDUWRIRU.RKL6DÀ7KXVFDXWLRQVKRXOGEH PDGHZKHQXVLQJWKHGLIIHUHQWLQGLFDWRUVFURVVWDEXODWHGZLWKDJH

Table A2. Age-Sex Accuracy Index by District: Parwan, September 2014

Province/District Index Parwan 40.3 Charikar  %DJUDP 47.1 Shinwari 80.0 Sayid Khail 53.7 -DEXOXVVDUDM  Salang 73.2 6\DKJLUGL*KRUEDQG 55.5 .RKL6DÀ 92.4 Surkhi Parsa 57.5 Shaykh Ali 

82 SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC SURVEY

REFERENCES

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