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Home , House of Wisdom, Qusta ibn Luqa, Yahya ibn Adi

International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 The (Bait Al-Hikmah): A sign of glorious period of Abbasids caliphate and development of Abdul Rahim Chandio Department of public administration university of Sindh [email protected] Abstract: The house of wisdom is recognized wand memorized with terms like Grand Library of Bagh or Bait al -Hikmah and it was a big library and center for the medieval period founded by the Abbasids in , . It has brought a revolution for of Greek, Persian, Indian scientific works into . This study examines the importance of this scientific institution, which contributed extensive progress in science, , history and literature and growth of the Islamic world. The grand library of Bagdad was a very important industry for translation services, and it became a great asset to earlier Muslim history to touch the pinnacle of the Muslim glory to meet the golden age of . The precious effects of this have influenced the world of east and west for many years, and the best colleges around the world have used its blessings. The services of the house of wisdom services were not only confined to translation but it also urged many scholars to contribute to produc ing the original works. The Abbasid Khalifa Harun al-Rashid and Mamun emphasize scientific works and encouraged literary development. The Abbasids period flourished throughout the world due to its recognition of the Abbasid era, as the Golden Age of Islam. This paper discusses the importance of the Bait al-Hikmah in preserving Greek, Persian and Indian works and materialized the scientific research. Keywords: Bait al-Hikmah, Translation, Abbasids dynasty, scientific development.

Introduction

The House of Wisdom (Bait-ul-Hikmat) was to represent an imperial expression of early Abbasid intellectual ambition and this collective institutional highlights the state policy of the empire. In addition, working the house of wisdom mobilized the campaign as a translation bureau and storage area and scholars' academic center and attract the intellectuals across the Muslim empire (Anjum, 2014). The Bayt Al-Hikmah or the house of wisdom was recognized to highlight the witnesses of the golden age of the Muslim ummah and that represent as a leading library in Islamic history (Algeriani, and Mohadi,2017; Anjum, 2014; Gutas, D1998). The House of Wisdom represents the symbol of the golden age of Islam that draws attention towards the Abbasid development in the intellectuality and faculty of wisdom. This Abbasid public academy and center of learning and intellectual heart in Baghdad is unique in Muslim history and it was the only initiative of the Muslim ummah to inves t in the scientific development and practice the Islamic commandments to be interpreted in the best interest of the people. the chief cause behin d the decline of Muslim history and ummah was to face the disintegration in the name of sectarianism, violation of the democratic values, and maintain stagnating vitality of the administrative accountability of Islam ( Chandio, et al., 2019). The European science has given a lot the but they were Muslims who produced great scientific contribution when t he scientific and intellectual traditions were flourishing in their midst, their counterparts, the Europeans, were languishing in the backyard of the history of learning (Kasule, 2001).

The Abbasid grand library (Bait al-Hikmah) materialized an effective appreciation and recognition to be an important institution of Abbasid period to bring a turning point in the Islamic history and services for the translation assignments and it was believed to become a major intellectual center of learning and discovering the wisdom during the Golden Age of Muslim history, and this house of wisdom was realized by the world researchers and scholars as a revolutionary institution in the Muslim empire (Anjum, 2014; Kaviani et al., 2012). Moreover, this institution influenced the western and eastern world in the jurisdiction of literary development and scientific progress (Kaviani et al., 2012). Scholars from all over the world came here to acquire knowledge and Baghdad also became the richest in knowledge and other fields. Muslims believe in one God and follow the instructions of the , they worked hard on knowledge and emphasized scientific works and also recognized the importance o f knowledge. Therefore, Muslims had political and economic power during the period that this era came to known as the Golden Age of Islam and there is no doubt that Bait al-Hikma was the most important part of this period.

The grand library of Baghdad had precious effects to influence Eastern and Western world in a long journey of wo rld history and there are numerous colleges and eminent universities all the way through the world secured the blessings and advantages (Kaviani, 2012). Moreover, the ignorance of the worth and importance of this institution by the western scholars was denied by the researchers and the indifference attitude towards the glorious position regarding the golden age of Islamic history could have concealed by the western biased philosophy and their baseless reasons ashamed them and proved to be wrong (Kaviani, 2012). the contribution of the great Muslim Mathematician and astronomers Jabir al Battani (850 -925) maintained a long life and

www.ijeais.org/ijeais 1 International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 several books were written on and . He materialized his recognition and fame that relies on his handbook of astronomical tables that secured its influential position in the western world until the emergence of the European Renaiss ance.

The rest of the scientific work of Muslim were transferred to After demolishing of Baghdad that encouraged the European development of science and technology (Anjum, 2014). Al Razi (863-930 AD) was a great Muslim chemist (Hakim) and a philosopher known in the west as Rhazes wrote the number of books on the as Kitab al Mansoori, Al Hawi, Kitab al Mulooki and Kitab al Judari wa al Hasebah to materialize everlasting recognition and fame. In this way, in the 15th century, Kitab al Mansoori was translated into Latin language and some volumes were published separately in Europe. Further, Al Razi wrote the first book on smallpox (al-Judari wa al-Hasbah) which was translated over numerous times into Latin and other European languages and he was the first to differentiate the difference between chickenpox and smallpox (Anjum, 2014). This institution came to know as an influential educational institution in Baghdad to disperse Arabic and Non Arabic writings to meet the diverse topics Muslim religion, education, history, and other related literary works (Algeriani, and Mohadi, 2019).

Bait Al-Hikmah

Islam instructs to pursue the observation and encourage the faculty of understanding in order to comprehend the bounty of the hidden treasure of Almighty Allah. Science is an integrating subject of Holy Quran to encircle the heavy astronomical bodies to tiny particles. Likely, it reveals the subatomic particles which highlight the scientific miracles as of the Holy Quran as it mentions in the given verse ―Not even an atom‘s (zerre) weight in the heavens and the earth, or something smaller or greater than it is hidden from him, but all are in a clear record. (34- Saba, 3)”likely, Holy Quran further supports the subjects… Not even an atom's weight eludes your Lord, either on earth or in heaven. Nor is there anything smaller than that, or larger, which is not in a Clear Book. (Qur'an, 10:61). Islam has mentioned Man as God‘s creation that is a complex living structure on the earth and a sign for the people of great wisdom and the Holy Quran elaborates the scientific realities in different ways. Almighty Allah urges man to observe and study and comprehend things carefully like natural objects (stars, plants, rivers, animals, birds etc) hence numerous Quranic verses support it as ―See how Allah did originate creation‖ (29:20). Moreover, it highlights the omnipotent of the al mighty Allah in this Quranic Verse as ―See they not how Allah originates creation?‖ (29:19).

The prophet of Islam gave an eternal and final message to man that is based on the divinity and launched an enlightened movement and a perfect ideology and way of life to encompass the physical and metaphysical aspects (Anjum, 2014). The decline of the contemporary Muslim world is because of the violation of the social, political, economic and administrative injunction of Islam and the adoption of a superstitious attitude in the life of a Muslim. The ideology of Islam is based on the oneness of God, the finality of prophethood, and resurrection day led the man to a world beyond the unseen world and the world of nature and mate rial. Though Islamic ideology disclosed the man‘s eye into the world of nature and material, it mobilized man‘s thinking on how to imagine and perceive reality beyond the creatures of almighty, objects and nature‘s wonders (Anjum, 2014). It invited mankind to speculate and take advantage of observation, understanding and experience. Undoubtedly, under this ideology, Muslim knowledge and insight deepened and they were more eager to acquire knowledge and intelligence. The prophetic instructions highlight the pinnacle of knowledge and its vitality and recommend achieving knowledge and wisdom from birth to death. Holy prophet encouraged followers to learn and He (pbuh) released the captives of the battle of Badar on a condition to teach ten Muslim children to make them capable to read and write and who were not able to pay the ransom.

The deep inspiration of scholars and scientists during the Abbasid period had a great impact on scientific learning, philosophy and knowledge. Abbasids caliph particularly Harun-al-Rashid and Mamun deeply realized the reality of the importance of knowledge and search of the truth of the world of nature. That is why the House of Wisdom was founded and around the founder of the House of Wisdom that established two types of opinion. The house of wisdom (Bait al-Hikmah) was founded by the Abbasid caliph Haru-al-Rashid and concluding under Caliph Mamun (813-833 AD) in which he earned credited with the institution. The institution (Bait al-Hikmah) under the caliph Mamun attracted scholars to share their scholarly services to dispense the ideas, thoughts, information and culture in the house of wisdom. The grand library or learning center of Baghdad attracted the Muslim scholars throughout the empire that results in the contribution of the scholars and scientific progress (Algeriani, and Mohadi, 2017; Anjum, 2014). The Bait al-Hikmah came to known as Khizanat-al-Hikma as it was present earlier during the Al Rashid and the era and it served to translate the Greek works. In addition, according to a researcher, he was the caliph Jaffaral Mansoor who motivated and encouraged Muslims to learn science and took initiatives and advised to translate the Greek, Persian and Indian works into Arabic (Algeriani, and Mohadi, 2017; al-Diyaji, 1975). The caliph Abu Jafar al-Mansur (95-135 AH) collected books on the diverse field of learning in which he gathered stuff relating to astronomy, engineering, , and literature and brought the translation in a large scale. Further, the number of publications came into force on the prophetic tradition (), Quranic science, History and the caliph Jaffaral Mansoor gathered such collections of books in a room as it was the nucleus of the Bait al-Hikmah (al Diyaji, 1975).

www.ijeais.org/ijeais 2 International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 It is supported by the O'Leary: 1973 that construction idea of the house of wisdom ( Bayt al-Hikmah) was followed by the Abbasid caliph Al Mamun as it says ―the caliph Al-Ma‘mūn has founded a school he named Bayt al-Hikmah, and he made it an institution that embraces the translation of the Greek books‖( O'Leary: 1973, p.327), the same opin ion appears in Max Meyerhof and William James Durant writings. An effective encouragement was sought by the caliph Al Mamun that was to put forth a significance and influence of the progress of Islamic culture and thought. The institution Bait al-Hikmah was the very first institution of higher scientific learning in the Muslim world where books of other languages were translated and copied by re fined scholars and famous learned man and these books were served to the library (Naseem, 2001). The Abbasid Caliph Al Mamun commissioned sent to Byzantine for the collection and searching of books on science and Greek philosophy to be purchased for the caliph and these books were translated by the scholars of the academy (Bait al-Hikmah). The academy or house of wisdom provided a platform and center as the Treasure of Wisdom for the translation and learning in Muslim history. There is the number of scholars like Qifli and ibn Nadim who call the institution as Bait al-Hikmah, whereas Yaqut- Hanmani called the Bait -ul- Hakmat as Khazanatul al-Hikmah. This library of wisdom (Khizanatul al-Hikmah) played an effective and a significant role in the way of the development of science and scientific learning in the Islamic world that made Bagdad a cent er of learning and capital of Knowledge. The Abbasid caliphs adopted a rationalist approach and scholars of the Baith -ul-Hakmat were the Mutazilah . In this perspective rationalism of Abbasid impact the learning scenario as it revealed in the Bait al-Hikmah.

Services and contribution of the house of wisdom (Bait Al-Hikmah)

In the era of the Abbasid caliph Al Mamun, a rational approach was adopted that encouraged the scholars to discover their reasoning and the caliph was very interested to listen to the debate and discussion between people. The chief assignment of the scholars at the grand library of the Baghdad was to translate of the foreign who translation was the chief work of the academy of Bait al-Hikma in Barlier services form the Syriac, Greek, Aramaic, Persian, and Sanskrit and the academy had a strength of the 65 translators to translate. This center of learning or academy attracted numerous scholars to give their opinion and discover the wisdom, thus it came to recognize the kingdom of the translation and Baghdad the city of knowledge. In addition, academy emerged in the era of the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid (149-193 AH), that mobilized the era of the translation movement which aimed to flourish Islamic thought in the field of diverse knowledge and led by a number of Arab and Persian scholars and scholars (Algerian, Mahdi, 2017; Ma‘ruf, 1969). The talent and success of the heritage were preserved and it helped with the great and unprecedented experience that the western used to thrive (Algeriani, and Mohadi, 2017). According to Al Nadim's "Al Fihrist," there are 47 translators working from Greek and Syriac, 17 from Persian, two from Sanskrit and one from Aramaic in Bait al-Hikmah. In the ninth century, most of the translations made in Baghdad and during the caliphate of Abbasid al Mamun (813-33) were able to translate texts quickly and proceed as some of those who succeeded.

The building of creativity recognizes the knowledge and distribution of knowledge by scientists and it comprises a race of academics and scientists. The library contains works of , , , , , , , and Socrates. Among the interpreters they patronized was Sabain's lawyer Thabit b. Qurrah (836 -901) and the well-known translator Hunaya bin Ishaq. Different specialists have worked in the House of wisdom: translators, scholars, authors, authors, researchers of different disciplines, and authors. Students of all ethnic and faith distracted, and scholars who were persecuted by the , and the Abbasid Empire encouraged the learners contemporarily. Many different languages are spoken in the facility including Arabic, Farsi, Aramaic, Hebrew, Syriac, Greek and Latin. Yahanna Bin Masawayah is the main character who guides Bait al-Hikma and writes Daghal Al-Ayn (Negative Eye). A most important interpretation of Aristotle's Ethics was the first Greek translation of the work of moral thought by Thabit bin Qurrah that laid the groundwork for the natives ' tone to be called as Ibn Al Akhlaq. Thabit bin Qurha not only confined to translation works but his contribution also is deeply acceptable to the development of various fields of study, mathematics, astronomy, geometry and so on. In this era numerous fame translators flourished instance Yonana Ibn Bitriq, Hajjaj Ibn Mater (d.833) Qosta Ibn Luqa al Bulabakki (922), Abdul Masikh Ibn Abdullah Naima al Himsi (220) Honayn Ibn Ishaq (809-73), Ibn Honayn (290), Thabit Ibn Qurah (d.901), Hobaish ibn al Hassan (800), and these personalities translated books of the Hypocrites, Galen, Aristotle and Plato. Muhammad bin Musa al Khwarizmi (780-850) the greatest mathematician of Islam, thrived under the guidance of Caliph al Mamun and besides the great scholar, Jabir al Battani (850-925) was one of the greatest mathematicians and astronomers of all time. There are several works on mathematics and astronomy that can be assigned to him. But his claim to fame rests on his hands in the book of astronomical stars that were still influential in the West until the Renaissance.

There are number of evidence which reveal regarding the scholars to be known who got knowledge and studied in Baghdad in the 8th and 13th centuries, such as Al-Jahiz, Al-Kindi and Al-Ghazali, who have all contributed to the vibrant scientific community in Baghdad, whether an official academy exis ts (Pormann et al., 2007; Jonathan2009). Projects that researchers associate with the House of wisdom include, but are not confined to, philosophy, mathematics, medicine, astronomy , and (Jonathan, 2009). The early name of the library, Khizanat al-Hikma literally can be called (storehouse Wisdom) plays its activities to preserve the rare books regarding the poetry, a role that remained shocked by the Family of Wisdom until it was

www.ijeais.org/ijeais 3 International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 destroyed by the Mongols (Gutas, 1998). The famous Muslim Hakim Al Razi (863-930 AD) remained an evergreen philosopher who came to be known as the father of modern chemistry. He had such a prominent role in medicine that he could only be compared to Ibn Sina. Some of his medical activities, Kitab al-Mansouri, Al Hawi, Kitab al-Mulkki, Kitab al-Judari wa al-Haseba have reached an eternal glory and the famous work Kitab al-Mansuri was translated into Latin in the 15th century AD. and Some of its volumes were published separately in Europe. His al-Judari Wal Haraba was the first practice of smallpox and chickenpox.

Razi‟s outstanding scientific contribution has more than 200, out of which about half deal with the medicine of 21 concern alchemy. The Banu Musa was the three sons of Musa b. shakir, called the three brothers and were named Muhammad Ahmad and Hasan. They lived in reign of al Mamun and they were mathematicians, astronomers and great patrons of the sciences. They were served in the „houses of wisdom‟ on they visited these houses to consult books or for the sake of copying or translation on the compilation. Naubakt (976-77AD) was a Persian astronomer and engineer and helped in the construction of Baghdad But his son Fadl (d.815-16 AD) was the chief librarian to Harun al Rashid. He was translated from Persian into Arabic and also wrote various astrological treaties. Several descriptions of roads and courtiers come into existence in the n inth century A.C. Ibn Khurdadhbin a geographer of Persian origin composed such description entitled the kitab-al-Masalik-wa- Mamalik. Abdul Husain Abd-al Rahman –Al Safi was a permanent astronomer of the medieval times. His knowledge of both the Islamic and great astronomy particularly uninometry was comprehensive. He was the first to observe the change of the color of the star. Baghdad was known as the world‟s richest and center for the intellectual development of this time, and had a population of over a million, one of the largest in its time. Many foreign works were translated into Arabic from Greek, Chinese and many other languages like Sanskrit in the Abbasid Empire. Large libraries were constructed and scholars persecuted by the Byzantine Empire were welcomed. The House of Wisdom (Bait al -Hikmah) was introduced the concept of the library catalog and other medieval Islamic libraries, where books were organized into limited genres and categories. This academy introduced different types of categories like translators, scientists, scribers, authors, the man of letter, writers, scribing, discourse, dialogue and discussion. Many and books in various scientific subjects and in different languages were translated in the house of Wisdom. 4. Notable personalities of the House of Wisdom There number of famous personalitities concern the House of wisdom played their sigginifcant role and contribution in which few of them enlisted as below. Abu Maʿshar (786-886 A.D); A Persian origin astrologist in the Abbasid court translated the works of Aristotle (809-873 A.D); Arab (Hestorian) scholar and philosopher who was placed in charge of the House of Wisdom and he translated over 116 books by many of the most significant scholars in history. Ibn Rushd ( known in Europe) (1126-1198 A.D); Muslim philosopher of famous for his commentary on Aristotle. Thābit ibn Qurra (826–901A.D) He was a astronomer, mathematician, and translator and he reformed Ptolemaic system.Moreover, he is considered as the founding father of statics. (980-1037 A.D); physician and Philosopher of Persian origin famous for writing ―”. The Banu Musa brothers—remarkable Persian origin engineers and mathematicians Sahl ibn Harun (d. 830)— philosopher and polymath. Al-Ghazali (1058-1111 A.D); theologian of Persian origin and author of ―The Incoherence of the Philosophers” to challenge the philosophers who favored . Al-Kindi (died. 873A.D); He is considered as to be among the first Arab philosophers to combine the ideology of Aristotle and Plato. Muhammad al-Idrisi (1099-1169 A.D); geographer of Arab origin worked under Roger II of Sicily and his role is concerned with the Map of the World. Maslama al-Majriti (950-1007 A.D); An Arab mathematician and astronomer to translate the Greek texts. Al-Ḥajjaj ibn Yūsuf ibn Maṭar (786–833 A.D) a translator and mathematician and he is known regarding the translation of Euclid's works. Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi (died in. 850 A.D); Persian polymath head of the House of Wisdom. (1048-1131 A.D) He was Persian poet, mathematician, and astronomer most famous for his solution of cubic equations. Yusuf Al-Khuri (d ied in. 912) He was mathematician and astronomer by faith of Christian and he was hired as a translator by Banu Musa brothers. (820-912 A.D) He was physician and mathematician and translated Greek texts/ works into Arabic. Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbaḥ al-Kindi (800-870 A.D) He was a mathematician, and the first self-identified philosopher in the Arabic tradition.

www.ijeais.org/ijeais 4 International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 Abu Bishr Matta (870-940 A.D) He was translator, physician, and scientist. (571-815 A.D) He is known for his work with practical metallurgy, his work was translated into Latin During the 12th century. He is known as the father of chemistry (893-974 A.D) Syriac Jacobite Christian philosopher, theologian and translator. Sind ibn Ali (died in. 864) He was a astronomer who translated and reworked al-Sindhind. Al-Jahiz (781-861A. D) He wa a author and biologist and he was known regarding the ―Kitab al-Hayawan‖ and numerous other literary services. Ismail al-Jazari (1136-1206 A.D) He was a physicist and engineer and he known regarding to his work ―The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices in 1206”. Yahya Ibn al-Batriq (796-806 A.D)He was a astronomer and translator. The Translation Movement started in this House of Wisdom and lasted for over two centuries. Over a century and a half, primarily Middle Eastern Oriental Syriac Christian scholars translated all scientific and philosophic Greek texts into Arabic language in the House of Wisdom. The translation movement at the House of Wisdom was inaugurated with the translation of Aristotle's Topics. By the time of Al-Ma'mun, translators had moved beyond Greek astrological texts, and Greek works were already in their third translations(Gutas, 1998). Authors translated include: Pythagoras, Plato, Aristotle, Hippocrates, Euclid, Plotinus, Galen, , Charaka, and . Many important texts were translated during this movement including a book about the composition of medicinal drugs, a book on this mixing and the properties of simple drugs , and a book on medical matters by . These, plus many more translations, helped with the advancements in medicine, agriculture, finance. Furthermore, new discoveries motivated revised translations and commentary correcting or adding to the work of ancient authors. In many cases names and terminology were changed; a prime example of this is the title of 's , which is an Arabic modification of the original name of the work: Megale Syntaxis.

Factors leading to Downfall of house of wisdom (Bait Al-Hikmah)

The leading factors of the downfall of the house of wisdom (Bait-al-Hakam) affected the muslim science and development. Hence, there are numbers of reasons behind the decline of the golden age of muslim history and grand liberary can be enumerated as below. Early Abbasids caliph followed the foot step of the rationalisticapproach that impact the development and observation in the very discipline of knowledge and emregnce of the religious disintegration and diverse interpretation allowed the superstitious and violate the true essence of the rationalism which deeply affect the scientific institution of Muslims. The house of wisdom folourished under few Abbasid caliphs as Harun and Mamun and coming successors (al- Mutasim, Wasiq 842 and al- Mutawakkil(847-861) turned down the attentions and investment on the developmet of muslim science and stoped the GreekPhilosophy. The regim of the scientific declining of the literary development of the muslim world arose with overcome of the irationalism on the Islamic rational philosophy and investment on the scientific development (Anjum, 2014)t. Likely, in the golden age of Muslim History Islam became a powerful weapon to guide muslims to meet the pinnacle of the glory and progess in the each institution of life and the achievement reached a peak when muslim made themselves politically stable, economically prsoperious, socially sound and religiously oneness and integrated. the denying phase towards the teaching of the Holy Quran that results not only toward economic, social, political decline of muslims but it also became a scosue of the ideological disunity among muslim (Anjum, 2014) . at the time of the declinine of muslim scientific chisrtains were engaged to bring renaissance in Europe.in the contemporary period sufi philosophy overcame that deeply followed metaphysical institution and denied t he materialistic world that also impact the muslims scientific development and literary progress in time to come. the emergence of thefrustration of the muslim highlight the certain factors as denied encouragement, no incentive, superstitious, misinterpretation of the religious injunctions, poor political support towrd the scientific development and lack of attention of the religious scholars to interpret the Islamic science. The adoption of Islamic true essence and realizing of the dire need of the muslim renaissance can assist to meet the lost glory. Moreover, military power, economic growth and muslim world collective market and connectivity of the whole muslim world like a single market under the slogance of one road to link Muslim world can assis t to social,political, economic and religious matual understanding and transition skills and human capital. moreover, absence of democracy in Muslim countries is also not an especially important reason for slow scientific development and it impactec all ot her social institution and it

www.ijeais.org/ijeais 5 International Journal of Engineering and Information Systems (IJEAIS) ISSN: 2643-640X Vol. 5 Issue 3, March - 2021, Pages: 1-6 confined freedom of opinion, and limted contact with the outside world.

Conclusion

The biggest centre of learning that turned the muslim history in the golden age and became a kingdom of science and literary development in the medieval world. The notion of the abbasid emphasized on the doctrine to recognize islam as the faith of knowledgeand it urged them towards enlghtenment and muslim renaissance. In Quran man is called as a highest respected creature that reveals because of his/her mind (intellect) of faculty of wisdom. Islam emphasizes to pursue the investigation, observation and understanding via investing intellect and it motivates and urges adopt the comprehensive nature to study the heaven (sky) and the earth in order to approach the proofs to extol and prais the glourious Almighty God and enter into the fold of islam with complete faith. The zenith of knowledge has been recognized by Holy Prophet (pbuh) and His preaching always emphasized on the followers to seek knowledge from the cradle to grave and appreciate the travelling in the search of knowledge (Ilm). Abbasid was the economically and politically sound and strongly believe in the oneness of God and this period allowed many scholars to contribute their remarkable works on science. the muslim workers were translated intodifferent European languages which played a vital role in the developmet and European renaissance. No doubt in the Abbasids period Muslims was in the flourishing position in the world because of science and other literary development that dignified them all over the world. the downfall of the house of wisdom (Bait al-Hikmah) was not the failure of an institution but it led to the downfall of the Muslim world and resultatntly muslim community lost their power, their identity, their confidentiality and respect. Much of the scientific research transferred to and from Europe after the destruction of Baghdad has contributed to the development of science and these works were the largest correspondents in the West. We are well aware of the fact that if a community has scientific knowledge, it will gain a hi gher position in the world. We believe in God strongly and we must intellectually understand the Qoran and the purpose of the Qora n. Reference

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