Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW Bat Survey Report for Mr & Mrs Richards

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

A European Protected Species Licence will be required for the development to be undertaken

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Report type Bat Survey Report Report reference IG2018BrimastonHall Site Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW Grid reference SM 93082 25073 Client Mr & Mrs Richards, St Lawrence House, Welsh Hook, Wolfscastle, Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, SA62 5NR Date(s)/time(s)/ty Scoping survey: 7th August 2018 pe(s) of survey(s) Dusk activity survey: 7th August 2018 between 20:50 and 23:00 on East Barns Dawn activity survey: 22nd August 2018 between 04:45 and 06:20 Remote recording between the 7th and 15th August 2018 Surveyor details Scoping survey: Mr Iestyn Evans, Natural Resources Wales Licence number 73319:OTH:CSAB:2016; Mr Glyn Lloyd-Jones, Natural Resources Wales Licence number S085044/1 Activity surveys: as above, with assistance from Mr Greg Evans, Ms Jody Evans, Ms Sharon Doherty, and Mr Pete Watts Architect Mr. D. Nicholls, Harries Planning Design Management, Henllan, Eglwyswrw, Pembrokeshire, SA41 3UP

Version Status Changes Name Position Date 1 Draft Sent for review on Ceri Daugherty Author 19/02/19 21/02/19

Name Position Date Reviewed by Glyn Lloyd-Jones Director 24/2/2019 Approved by Glyn Lloyd-Jones Director 03/03/2019 Sent to Client Iestyn Evans Director 22/03/2019

I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd, Awelfryn, Llannon, Llanelli, Carmarthenshire, SA14 6BY. www.I&Gecology.com email: [email protected] and [email protected] or call Iestyn on 07733 214829 and Glyn on 07973 685423

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

PCC & PCNPA Ecological Survey Report Guidance

Table 1 details information that should be included in all ecological survey reports submitted with planning applications. Requirements for bats are provided in Table 2. Prior to the commencement of any work ensure all survey work (Protected Species, Phase 1, Code for Sustainable Homes) has been considered and coordinated. Surveys should reflect national and local planning policy and adhere to the requirements set out in European Legislation. Please be aware in some cases it may be necessary to request additional surveys or further information.

Table 1: Ecological Survey Reports Checklist

Ensure that the scope of the survey has been considered and that the Y correct survey is carried out – Protected Species/Phase 1/Code for Sustainable Homes. Disclaimer to be signed by the agent/architect/developer and applicant Sent to stating they have read and understood the survey report: I, [name], client/architect acknowledge receipt of the ecological survey dated [date] relating to to submit [address]. I have read the contents and understand my legal obligations separately regarding any protected species and habitats that may be present at this alongside address. [Signed]. report The surveyors name, qualifications, professional membership (where Y applicable), experience and relevant EPS licence (where applicable). Executive summary setting out the key findings, recommendations Y (including mitigation) and if further surveys are required (in bold). Introduction and site summary (site name, grid reference, site location Y plan, date of survey). Desk study (to include summary from Local Records Centre data search – Y West Wales Biodiversity Information Centre). Survey methodology (cross reference to guidelines followed, justification Y for method, equipment to be used, limitations). Site description (to include particular features of interest and relevant Y adjoining habitats). Survey results (to include species scientific name, number found (if Y applicable), recorder name, date recorded, weather conditions, date, time of survey, duration). Map summarising records of species and habitats (to include Phase 1 N/A Habitat/NVC codes).

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Table 1: Ecological Survey Reports Checklist

Overall evaluation of the site, habitat and species in their ecological Bats only and physical context and according to status in legislation (EPS, LBAP). Assessment of potential impact(s) of development (to include direct, Bats only indirect, construction, ongoing use, short and long-term effects) on the site, species and adjoining habitats and how impacts can be avoided, mitigated or compensated for. Recommendations (to include details of proposed mitigation, Bats and Barn compensation and enhancement and method statement e.g. timing). owls only Clearly state which recommendations are compulsory and specify actions for the agent/developer/applicant in relation to the planning application (ensuring mitigation and/or compensation is transposed on to the architectural drawings).

Table 2: European Protected Species: Bats Checklist

A description of the building/structure, trees/hedgerows, adjoining Y habitat/site, corridors linking habitat features and overall assessment of the potential of the site to support bats both externally and internally (should include illustrations or photos). Summary of bat evidence found (such as number/type of droppings, Y staining) and conclusions (such as type of roost). Plans showing location of evidence (such as suitable features, identified Y roosts, access points, flight lines, light-sampling, swarming areas). Detailed mitigation and/or compensation strategy specific to the Y development proposal, targeted to the species and type of roosts found (to include method statement detailing timing, landscaping/planting, lighting, order of works). This must be discussed with the architect/agent and be included on the architectural drawings (dimensions, location of access points, materials, enhancement).

iii

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Executive summary

Brimaston Hall (the property) is a period property comprising a late 19th Century detached two-storey house and a number of outbuildings in varying states of decay. The house is subject to proposed plans for demolition and replacement with a new dwelling. It is constructed of stone (part block stone) walls (part rendered) with an unlined slate roof. The house is in a poor state of repair with damaged, slipped, and missing slates on the roof as well as rotten timber fascias/soffits. In addition, some of the render is missing and there are crevices in the exposed stonework. The majority of the doors and windows are intact but one of the bedroom windows is open along with the front door. Floors have also collapsed internally. On the 7th August 2018, I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd undertook a daytime bat scoping survey of the property. As a result of the findings, and to provide extra confidence, a dusk activity survey was undertaken on the 7th August 2018 and a dawn activity survey was undertaken on the 22nd August 2018. The weather conditions present at the site were conducive to bat activity. This report confirms the findings of those surveys, completed in accordance with current best practice (Collins, J. (Ed.) 2016) and conducted by experienced, licensed ecologists and their experienced assistants. Access was available to all parts of the site. The property is located approximately 3.4km east of the village of Hayscastle, 9.5km north of the town of Haverfordwest, and approximately 3.5km east of the boundary of the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park (PCNP). It is not within, or adjacent to, any designated sites. Within 2km, 550m to the south-east, the river and associated habitat of the Western Cleddau River Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), which forms parts of the Cleddau Rivers Special Area of Conservation (SAC) is an important feeding corridor and resting site for an assemblage of bat species. These include the Greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum), the Lesser horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus hipposideros) and the Common pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus pipistrellus). It is also within 2km of Plumstone Mountain SSSI (1.8km to the south-west) and Tre-Rhos Common SSSI (1.9km to the north-north-west), neither of which are designated for their bat interest. In addition, there is one area of Ancient Semi Natural Woodland (ASNW) 1.9km to the south-south-west. For further results see results section. During the daytime PRA, no bats were found, and no droppings or evidence of feeding were found either externally or internally. The anabat was placed within the unlined and uninsulated loft of the house on the 7th August 2018 and removed on the 15th August 2018. The species detected were R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, and Soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus). Only three sequences/passes were detected for each of the horseshoe bats, and only one sequence/pass was detected for P. pygmaeus. As a result of the findings of the PRA, one emergence and one re-entry survey were undertaken. Approximately 10 P. pygmaeus bats (determined by eye and the frequency on the bat detector) were seen to leave the wall tops close to the chimney (north-west elevation) to the front and rear of the house on dusk survey, four were seen to re-enter on the dawn survey. In terms of roost characterisation, using the evidence gathered, it is considered that the house at the property is not being utilised internally by bats for roosting purposes but the rotten soffits and/or wall-tops close to the chimney to both the front and rear of the building are being utilised as a day roost by a small number (approximately 10) of P. pygmaeus bats. In relation to the outbuildings, these will be retained and are not affected by the proposed plans as there are no plans for them at present. Mitigation measures have been recommended as follows (and are to be included in the final plans): Recommendation 1: Access to the wall tops via gaps in the soffits is to be included in the new building close to where bats were seen to leave the property (close to the chimney) and two gaps are also to be included to the front and rear to provide additional roosting opportunities. A Schwegler 1FR or similar will be installed within a rear wall of the new dwelling to face the darkest and most foliose aspect. Recommendation 2: Affix 1 x Kent Style (or similar) and 1 x Vincent Pro bat box to trees within the curtilage of the property in a sheltered, elevated position, before demolition occurs. No evidence of nesting birds was found but there was evidence of Barn owl use and mitigation measures will need to be included. Recommendations for mitigation measures are as follows: Recommendation 3: Evidence of Barn owl activity was found within the main bedroom and in the upper floor of the opposite outbuilding, therefore a Barn owl box will be erected to the rear of the opposite outbuilding.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Contents

PCC & PCNPA Ecological Survey Report Guidance...... ii Executive summary ...... iv Contents ...... v 1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Scope and purpose of survey ...... 1 1.2 Site characteristics and proposed works ...... 1 2. Survey methods and equipment ...... 2 2.1 Desk study ...... 2 2.2 Surveys ...... 3 2.3 Survey limitations ...... 3 3. Results ...... 4 3.1 Desk study results ...... 4 3.2 Survey results ...... 5 4. Conclusions and recommendations ...... 7 4.1 Conclusions ...... 7 4.2 Recommendations ...... 8 5. Outline method statement for planning and mitigation/compensation measures ...... 9 5.1 Outline method statement for planning and mitigation/compensation measures ...... 9 List of Figures Figure 1: Aerial view of Brimaston Hall ...... 2 Figure 2: Approximate surveyor positions during the activity surveys ...... 3 Figure 3: Aerial map showing the flight lines of bats detected ...... 5 List of Tables Table 1: Species detected at the property during the activity surveys ...... 6 Table 2: Provisional timetable of works ...... 10 List of Appendices Appendix 1: An introduction to bat surveys ...... 12 Appendix 2: Overview of the legislation ...... 13 Appendix 3: Types of bat roost and survey timings ...... 15 Appendix 4: List of surveyors ...... 17 Appendix 5: Site plans ...... 18 Appendix 6: Site survey images ...... 20 Appendix 7: Sonogram analysis Brimaston Hall August 2018 ...... 24 Appendix 8: Roost status and mitigation ...... 26 Appendix 9: Roost compensation & enhancement measures ...... 27 Appendix 10: I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd legal disclaimer ...... 29 Appendix 11: References, bibliography, and sources of information ...... 30

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

1. Introduction 1.1 Scope and purpose of survey 1.1.1 Any sign of use of a site by bats is enough to confirm that the space has ‘bat interest’ and is also enough to confirm the importance of the location to bat species. All species, as well as their resting places, are protected by law and the site is protected even when bats are not present. See appendix 1 for an introduction to bat surveys, appendix 2 for an overview of the legislation, and appendix 3 for information on roost types and survey timings. 1.1.2 I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd were contracted to undertake a preliminary roost assessment (PRA)/scoping survey for bats as well as activity surveys dependent upon preliminary findings. This report confirms the results/conclusions of such surveys, undertaken by experienced, licensed bat ecologists and assistants, and outlines any ecological constraints with the proposed works. Appendix 4 lists all surveyors who undertake work for I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd. 1.1.3 The scoping survey aimed to establish baseline data (species data checks) on the presence/absence of any protected or priority species at the site, and to assess the potential of the building to support any protected or priority species. The outcome of the survey has been used to inform and specify whether further surveys are required, or to establish the need for, and extent of, any mitigation or compensation measures required as part of the proposed works. 1.1.4 This report aims to provide the local planning authority with sufficient information to enable a full assessment of the potential ecological impacts of the proposed development. The CIEEM Guidelines for Ecological Report Writing (2017) state that it is important that the structure and content of a report should be proportionate to the predicted degree of risk to biodiversity and to the nature and scale of the proposed development. This report has therefore been written in line with these guidelines. It has also been written in line with GN37: Protection and Enhancement of Biodiversity. This states that all development should demonstrate a positive approach to maintaining and, wherever possible, enhancing biodiversity. Development that would disturb or otherwise harm protected species or their habitats, or the integrity of other habitats, sites or features of importance to wildlife and individual species, will only be permitted in exceptional circumstances where the effects are minimised or mitigated through careful design, work scheduling or other appropriate measures. 1.1.5 If positive signs of bat activity are found then it will be necessary to assess whether a licence is needed at all (damage and disturbance to the roost and harm to bats can be avoided through thoughtful and planned working practices), or whether a licence is recommended as damage, disturbance or harm are unlikely to be avoided. 1.1.6 For the purposes of this survey report, the site boundary is defined as the building(s) and surfaces within the overall building footprint.

1.2 Site characteristics and proposed works 1.2.1 The property comprises a detached two-storey period house and a number of outbuildings located approximately 3.4km east of the village of Hayscastle, 9.5km north of the town of Haverfordwest, and approximately 3.5km east of the boundary of the PCNP. It is

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW constructed of part rendered stone (part block stone) walls with an unlined failing slate roof. There are other detached properties within 90m to the north, but the immediate area is sparsely populated. 1.2.2. The property sits within favourable bat habitat with mature trees within its curtilage. Beyond the property boundary, there are small areas of woodland (including ancient woodland) within 225m to the north-north-west, 600m to the south-east, 820m to the south-west, 1.7km to the south, and 1.9km to the south-south-west. Immediately surrounding the property are small fields (predominantly improved with some semi- improved and unimproved fields) with some mature hedgerows. In relation to waterbodies and watercourses, there are ponds just over 0.6km to the north-north-west and 2.5km to the south-west while the Nant-y-coy brook (part of the Western Cleddau River SSSI) runs just under 600m to the south-east. Its confluence with the partly wooded river corridor of the Western Cleddau River is just over 2.5km to the east. 1.2.3 The house at the property is subject to proposed plans for demolition and replacement with a new dwelling. Figure 1 shows an aerial view of the site while detailed draft plans for the proposed development are included in appendix 5.

Figure 1: Aerial view of Brimaston Hall – the house at the property is encircled in red (from Google® Maps)

2. Survey methods and equipment 2.1 Desk study 2.1.1 Utilising a range of data sources, a desk-based study of the local biodiversity was undertaken in relation to the site. Multi-Agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC) is used to establish the proximity of National and International Statutory Designations, particularly in relation to designations for bat interest. Online searches such as NBN Gateway are used to understand the importance of the area for bats (data is not used for commercial purposes) and species searches are conducted through the Local Records Centre (LRC) where appropriate. 2.1.2 A 2km search area is used when establishing both the proximity of designated sites and any species records (bats and birds only). These search buffers are considered to more than adequately cover the predicted zone of influence of the proposed development. Where bats are found to be present, any sites within 10km which are designated for their

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW bat interest will also be noted. The reasons for the site designations have also been considered when discussing potential impacts on the biodiversity of these sites.

2.2 Surveys 2.2.1 A daytime PRA was undertaken on the 7th August 2018. The PRA visit was used to identify all potential access and egress points for bats in the building, and to identify crevices and possible dwelling places. It consisted of a visual inspection (using torches and binoculars) of the interior and exterior of the building for evidence of bat use. Details of the equipment used by I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd can be found in appendix 1. The survey was undertaken by Iestyn Evans and Glyn Lloyd-Jones and survey images can be found in appendix 6. 2.2.2 An Anabat was placed within the loft of the house on the 7th August 2018 and removed on the 15th August 2018. 2.2.3 A dusk activity survey was undertaken on the 7th August 2018. The surveyors remained as for the PRA with assistance from Greg Evans, Jody Evans, Sharon Doherty, and Pete Watts. Sunset was at 20:59, the survey started at 20:50 and ended at 23:00. The weather was dry with light cloud, there was no wind, and the temperatures remained relatively constant at between 17.3oC and 17.4oC. 2.2.4 A dawn activity survey was undertaken on the 22nd August 2018. The surveyors remained as for the dusk survey. Sunrise was at 06:15, the survey started at 04:45 and ended at 06:20. The weather was dry with patchy cloud, there was little to no wind, and the temperatures remained relatively constant at between 17.1oC and 17.2oC. 2.2.5 Figure 2 shows the position of surveyors during the activity surveys

X1 while the red star shows the location of X2 the Anabat. Each surveyor had a Magenta 5 or an Elekon Batscanner bat X5 detector to assist in identification and X3 detection of bats and their behaviour. X6 X4 Figure 2: Approximate surveyor positions during

N the activity surveys (from Google® Maps)

2.3 Survey limitations 2.3.1 Many of the UK species of bat are crevice dwelling, and bats or signs of bats can be difficult to find within a building. In addition, there may be areas that are inaccessible to the surveyor. Externally, surveyors were not able to physically access the roof and there is vegetation close to the building in places but sufficient access enabled a thorough survey from the ground to be conducted (assisted by the use of ladders as appropriate). Internally, access was available to all areas (with care taken internally due to the number of items within and the condition of the roof and loft space). Using the equipment available to them,

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW all accessible areas were thoroughly surveyed to maximise effectiveness. In addition, the weather conditions and timing of the surveys were optimal. 3. Results 3.1 Desk study results 3.1.1 The property is located approximately 3.4km east of the village of Hayscastle, 9.5km north of the town of Haverfordwest, and approximately 3.5km east of the boundary of the PCNP. It is not within, or adjacent to, any designated sites. Within 2km, 550m to the south- east, the river and associated habitat of the Western Cleddau River SSSI (part of the Cleddau Rivers SAC) is an important feeding corridor and resting site for an assemblage of bat species. These include R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros and P. pipistrellus. It is also within 2km of Plumstone Mountain SSSI (1.8km to the south-west) and Tre-Rhos Common SSSI (1.9km to the north-north-west), neither of which are designated for their bat interest. In addition, there is one area of ASNW, 1.9km to the south-south-west. Within 10km, over wintering R. ferrumequinum have been recorded within the site at the Newgale – Little Haven Coast SSSI (approximately 8.8km to the south-west). To the south-south-east (9.9km), within the vicinity of the Milford Haven Waterway SSSI, are important bat breeding sites supporting internationally important populations of R. ferrumequinum, as well as nationally important numbers of R. hipposideros. Broadleaved woodland and scrub, along with estuarine and grassland habitats, provide essential feeding grounds for the bats, as well as flight paths between sites. The Rhinolophid bats and other bat species also roost in buildings and caves (adjacent to and within the site) during the year. These roosts are used by bats as daytime roosts, night-feeding roosts, or as winter hibernacula. Just under 10km to the east, the Eastern Cleddau River SSSI (which forms part of the Cleddau Rivers SAC) is also an important feeding corridor and resting site for an assemblage of bat species including R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, and P. pipistrellus. 3.1.2 An LRC data search conducted in February 2019 returned eight records within 2.5km for 84+ bats of the following five species:  P. pipistrellus: three records. The first record (2015) reported three bats at Brimaston Grange Barns, 233m to the north. The second and third records (1998), reported 34 bats 2.46km to the north;  Soprano pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pygmaeus): three records. The first record (2014) is for two bats at Brimaston Grange Barns, 233m to the north. The second record (2018) is for 60 bats located approximately (sensitive location) 597m to the south-west. The third record (2012) and is for 6 bats, 1.76km to the north-north-west.  Whiskered bat (Myotis mystacinus): one record (2012) for three+ bats, 1.76km to the north-north-west.  Natterer’s bat (Myotis nattereri): one record (2012) for three+ bats, 1.76km to the north-north-west.  Brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus): one record (2012) for three+ bats, 1.76km to the north-north-west. 3.1.3 In relation to bird interest at those sites within 2km, several species of raptor regularly hunt over the heaths at Plumstone Mountain SSSI. These include goshawk, kestrel, buzzard, merlin, hen harrier, and short eared owl, the latter two species roosting on the site. Within the heathland, dartford warbler, yellowhammer, stonechat, meadow pipit, skylark, linnet,

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW grasshopper warbler, whitethroat, and cuckoo all breed regularly. Large numbers of snipe overwinter and migrating whimbrel stop on passage. In addition, the Western Cleddau River SSSI supports a range of breeding birds including dipper, grey heron, kingfisher, grey wagtail, mallard, moorhen, mute swan, sedge warbler, and grasshopper warbler. Associated wetlands provide valuable habitats for snipe, curlew, lapwing, and barn owls. 3.1.4 An online search revealed that Brimaston Hall has not been subject to any previous planning applications (P16122).

3.2 Survey results 3.2.1 The PRA determined that Brimaston Hall is a period property comprising a late 19th Century detached two-storey house and a number of outbuildings. The house is subject to proposed plans for demolition and replacement with a new dwelling. It is constructed of stone (part block stone) walls (part rendered) with an unlined, failing slate roof. The house is in a poor state of repair with damaged, slipped, and missing slates on the roof as well as rotten timber fascias/soffits. In addition, some of the render is missing and there are crevices in the exposed stonework. The majority of the doors and windows are intact but one of the bedroom windows is open as is the front door. No bats or their signs were found during the PRA, but there were signs of Barn owl use in one of the bedrooms. From the evidence gathered, it was considered that the house has moderate potential to support roosting bats and a moderate risk of bats using the features present (due to the gaps and crevices). An Anabat was also deployed to monitor the building for up to ten days (a battery lifespan) - high numbers of passes in a short time span could suggest internal usage. 3.2.2 The Anabat deployed within the loft of the house recorded between the 7th and the 15th August 2018, detecting low numbers of three species. The most sequences/passes over a short period (3 in total over a 60-minute period) were made by R. ferrumequinum (3 between 22:00 and 23:00 on the 8th August) and R. hipposideros (3 between 23:00 and 24:00 on the 14th August). Only one P. pygmaeus pass was detected between 23:00 and midnight on the 13th August. See appendix 7 for raw data.

3.2.3 As a result of the findings of the PRA, one emergence and one re-entry survey were undertaken. Approximately 10 P. pygmaeus bats were seen/detected leaving the wall tops (via gaps under the soffits) close to the chimney (north-west elevation) to the front and rear, but no bats were seen to re-enter the building on the dawn survey. No other bats were seen to leave or enter, but three species of bat (P. pygmaeus, P. pipistrellus, and Myotis species) were seen/detected utilising the immediate surroundings for foraging, commuting, and socialising. Figure 3 shows the flight lines of bats detected while table 1 lists the species seen/detected and the times they were detected. Figure 3: Aerial map (from Bing® Maps). The yellow arrows show the flight lines of bats detected (from Google® Maps)

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Table 1: Species detected at the property during the activity surveys Species Time Location Behaviour/interest in 7/08/2018 the property 20:50 to 23:00 P. pygmaeus x 6 Between 21:24 Leaving gaps under soffit Exiting wall top roost to and 21:27 board to front of north-west south-west and next to chimney and from south chimney. west corner P. pygmaeus x 4 Between 21:26 Leaving gaps under soffit Exiting wall top roost to and 21:29 board to rear of north-west north-west chimney P. pygmaeus x 4 Between 21:39 Front (south) of property Feeding and commuting. and 21:48 No interest in property P. pipistrellus x 2 Between 22:03 To rear (north-east) of Feeding and commuting. and 22:05 property No interest in property R.hipposideros x2 Between 22:04 Lane to west of property Flying up and down lane, and 22:06 commuting and socialising. P. pygmaeus x 4 Between 22:15 To rear (north-west) of Feeding and commuting. and 22:19 property No interest in property Myotis species x Between 22:17 To rear (north-east) of Heard but not seen 1 and 22:19 property P. pipistrellus x 1 Between 22:23 Towards road to west Heard but not seen and 22:24 Myotis species x Between 22:33 To rear (north-east) of Feeding and commuting. 2 and 22:37 property No interest in property P. pygmaeus x 2 22:41 Front (south) of house Commuting to west towards road. No interest in property Species Time on Location Behaviour/interest in the 22/08/2018 property 04:45 to 06:20 P. pygmaeus x 3 Between 04:52 Front (south) of property Feeding and commuting. and 04:57 No interest in property Myotis species x Between 05:08 To rear (north-east) of Feeding and commuting. 1 and 05:10 property No interest in property R.ferrumequinum 05:12 – 05:15 Lane to west of property Feeding and commuting. x1 No interest in property P. pipistrellus x 2 Between 05:25 Towards road to west Heard but not seen and 05:28 P. pygmaeus x 3 Between 05:32 To rear (north-west) of Feeding and commuting. and 05:35 property No interest in property P. pygmaeus x 4 Between 05:32 Front (south) of house Feeding and commuting. and 05:35 No interest in property P. pygmaeus x 4 06:08 – 06:10 Entered large gap at wall top Return to roost. (south western corner) of front of house

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

3.2.4 Roost Characterisation Assessment: Using the evidence gathered, internally, the house at the property is not being utilised by bats for roosting purposes but due to the failed soffits/weather boards, the wall-tops to the front and sides of the building are being utilised by a small number (approximately 10) of P. pygmaeus bats. It is unlikely that a maternity roost was present (lack of typical warmth and high humidity) but, given that four bats were seen to return on the dawn survey, it is considered more probable that it was being used as an occasional day roost. See appendix 8 which shows roost status and resulting mitigation/compensation requirements.

4. Conclusions and recommendations 4.1 Conclusions 4.1.1 The desk study confirmed that the property is located within favourable bat habitat and is within 2km of one site whose designation includes bat interest (R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, and P. pipistrellus). There are a further three sites within 10km which support bats (R. ferrumequinum, R. hipposideros, and P. pipistrellus). In addition, an LRC data search conducted returned 8 records within 2.5km for 84+ bats of the following five species: P. pipistrellus, P. pygmaeus, M. mystacinus, M. nattereri, and P. auritus. 4.1.2 During the intensive daytime PRA, no bats were found, and no droppings or evidence of feeding were found either externally or internally. An Anabat deployed within the loft of the house recorded between the 7th and the 15th August 2018, detecting low numbers of three species. The most sequences/passes over a short period (3 in total over a 60-minute period) were made by R. ferrumequinum (3 between 22:00 and 23:00 on the 8th August) and R. hipposideros (3 between 23:00 and 24:00 on the 14th August). Only one P. pygmaeus pass was detected between 23:00 and midnight on the 13th August. The property is surrounded by favourable bat habitat including farmland, mature hedges, woodlands, and watercourses and, as noted in 4.1.1, there are eight records for 84+ bats of five species within 2.5km. On the dusk survey 10 P. pygmaeus bats (determined both visually and by the frequency on the bat detector) were seen to leave the wall top from gaps under the rotten fascias/soffits close to the chimney on the north-west elevation to both the front and rear of the house and to the southern end (as indicated by the double ended yellow arrow) four bats were seen to return on the dawn survey to the southern end of the roof/ wall top where a large hole is evident. The lack of evidence of the presence of bats within the building suggests that the likelihood of a significant bat roost being present is very low. It is therefore considered that the fascias/soffits and/or wall-tops of the house are being utilised as a day roost by a small number (approximately 10) of P. pygmaeus. In relation to the other buildings on site, these are not subject to the proposed plans and will be retained. Both Rhinolophid species were detected on the activity surveys mainly flying up and down the lane beneath the tree canopy. 4.1.3 Crevice-dwelling bats such as P. pygmaeus can crawl into their roosts via small gaps in the range of 15–20mm high by 20–50mm wide, and the roost area to be provided in the new dwelling should maintain a crevice of this approximate size gap that the bat(s) can roost between. The current roost area under the soffits/on the wall tops is to be replicated and additional gaps created to both the front and rear of the new dwelling to provide additional opportunities, a Schwegler 1FR or similar will also be installed into the north

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW western gable at eaves height. This, along with the proposed enhancements, will provide a variety of roosting opportunities. Other types of roost were considered but there were no signs of bats anywhere else at the property and there is no basement or cellar. There are some cracks and crevices within the stone walls where the render is missing that these bats will use, but these were relatively superficial and there were no signs of use (however they will be checked before any works commence). The potential for hibernation usage is therefore assessed to be low. See appendix 9 for detailed roost compensation and enhancement measures. In relation to the planned works to the property, these are unlikely to disturb bats if undertaken sensitively and ‘out of season’ in this area but the roof/roofware (including all soffits/fascias) works are to be monitored by a suitably qualified bat ecologist. 4.1.4 The favourable bat-scape around the property features tree lines, hedgerows, and watercourses, and therefore there were many natural commuting routes available to bats as well as good foraging habitat. 4.1.5 All bats and their roosts, irrespective of the number of bats, species, and whether bats are present or not, receive protection from the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). As a result, in the absence of mitigation, the proposed works could result in the damage/destruction of bat roosts for one species of bat, as well as the potential disturbance, killing and/or injury of bats. Destruction of a roost is an absolute offence under the above legislation; therefore, an EPS derogation licence must be obtained from Natural Resources Wales for the works to the house to be legally undertaken. 4.1.6 Enforceable conditions of the EPS licence will require the incorporation of mitigation measures to minimise the risk of disturbance, killing or injury of bats (i.e. timing and methods of demolition works), and compensation measures to ensure there is continued bat roosting provision at the site and that the site is enhanced for protected species. These are outlined in section 4.2 and detailed in 5.1. 4.1.7 No evidence of nesting birds was found but there was evidence of Barn owl use within the house and upper storey of the barn opposite and mitigation measures have therefore been recommended. 4.1.8 There are not considered to be any survey limitations which would impact upon the findings and recommendations of this report.

4.2 Recommendations 4.2.1 As noted in section 4.1 above, all bats and their roosts are protected under the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017, and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). An EPS licence must be obtained for the works to legally proceed as destruction will occur. 4.2.2 P. pygmaeus is a species of principal importance. With regards to such species (Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) species) in Wales, under section 42 of the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006, and sections 6 and 7 of The Environment (Wales) Act 2016 – the LPA must ‘have regard’ to the conservation of their biodiversity in considering the planning application. In the Environment (Wales) Act 2016 Section 6 places a duty upon Local Authorities to enhance biodiversity and the resilience of ecosystems and 7

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW to Creating local biodiversity lists and a duty to take steps to maintain and enhance biodiversity. 4.2.3 Measures will be required to help meet obligations within The Environment (Wales) Act 2016, as well as compensate for the loss of roosting opportunity. Excellent long-term enhancement can be delivered, see appendix 9 for examples. Mitigation measures (against the risk of disturbing, killing, or injuring bats during the works), and compensation measures (to provide continued bat roosting provision at the site) will need to be implemented as conditions of the licence. The recommendations are as follows (and are to be included in the final plans): Recommendation 1: Access to the wall tops via gaps in the soffits is to be included in the new building close to where bats were seen to leave the present property (close to the chimney) and two gaps are also to be included to the front and rear to provide additional roosting opportunities. A Schwegler 1FR (or similar) will be embedded into the north- western aspect. Recommendation 2: Affix 1 x Kent Style (or similar) and 1 x Vincent Pro bat box to trees within the curtilage of the property in a sheltered, elevated position Before Demolition. 4.2.4 An outline Method Statement has been included (see 5.1) to enable the LPA to have ‘regard to the requirements of the Habitats Directive… in the exercise of their functions in considering the planning application’. A full method statement will be prepared as part of an EPS licence application to be submitted to Natural Resources Wales. 4.2.5 All wild birds and their nests (when in use), eggs and dependent young are afforded protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), nesting season is generally from 1st March until 31st July and works cannot be conducted whilst birds are nesting so any nests should be confirmed vacant before work commences. No evidence of nesting birds was found but there was evidence of Barn owl use and mitigation measures will need to be included. Recommendations for mitigation measures are as follows: Recommendation 3: Evidence of Barn owls was also found in one of the outbuildings, and therefore a Barn owl box will be erected on this building to the rear (foliose and darker side). 4.2.6 This ecological report will remain valid for a period of two years from the date of the last survey i.e. until 22/08/2020. A further scoping survey may be required to update the site information if planning is not obtained or works do not commence within that period, especially if the property to be developed has fallen into disrepair.

5. Outline method statement for planning and mitigation/compensation measures 5.1 Outline method statement for planning and mitigation/compensation measures 5.1.1 As there are bats present at the house, an outline method statement for both the LPA and the licence application is required; this will inform the ecologist undertaking the licensing work.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

5.1.2 This Outline Mitigation Strategy will form the basis of the EPS Method Statement to be submitted to Natural Resources Wales following the receipt of planning permission. It aims to address the timing and methods of activities; provision of new bat roosts and site enhancement; impact on, and maintenance of, existing roosts; lighting and habitat provisions; and monitoring. Timing and methods of activity 5.1.3 All contractors will receive a toolbox talk prior to the commencement of works to outline the status of the building, conditions of the licence and Method Statement. High risk works will be directly supervised by a licensed bat ecologist. 5.1.4 The proposed plans include the removal of the roof and roofware prior to demolition of the existing house and construction of the new house. These works will therefore be undertaken carefully by hand. Whilst no bats were seen to leave or enter via the roof itself, they were using the wall tops beneath the soffits/fascias close to the chimney on the north- west elevation, so extra care will be taken in these areas. All tiles will be lifted and not slid. 5.1.5 It is not anticipated that any bats will need to be captured or excluded during the works. See table 2 on the following page for a provisional timetable of works. Maintaining bat roost provision 5.1.6 As per recommendation 1, access to the wall tops via gaps in the soffits is to be included within the new house in the corresponding area where bats were seen to leave the property (close to the chimney on the north-west elevation) and two gaps are also to be included to each of the front and rear to provide additional roosting opportunities (not directly above any windows or doors, due to potential human disturbance and their guano, and away from external lighting). Crevice-dwelling bats such as P. pygmaeus can crawl into roosts via small gaps in the range of 15–20mm high by 20–50mm wide. The roost area should maintain a crevice of this approximate size gap that the bats can roost between. The area this roost provision covers can be small and the height of entry can be from 2–7m. In addition, as per recommendation 2, one Kent Style (or similar) bat box and one Vincent Pro bat box are to be affixed to trees within the curtilage of the property to provide additional opportunities Before Demolition occurs (this will provide accommodation for any displaced bats).A Schwegler 1FR or similar is to be embedded into the North-western gable wall. 5.1.7 Any new timbers and timber products must be checked to ensure that chemicals toxic to bats (TIN 092) are not used and the preferred lining membrane for the roof areas is 1F traditional bitumen membrane (this is mandatory within the wall top areas as bats may have contact with the membrane in this area). Research has demonstrated that none of the modern breathable membranes currently on the market are safe to use where bat roost mitigation is provided. Table 2: Provisional timetable of works Stage Dates Works 0 From receipt of  NO works to areas where bats were detected planning permission to  Provision of enhancement measures for bats - bat boxes x receipt of EPS licence 2 in trees within the curtilage erected as soon as possible.  Provision of mitigation measures for barn owls – barn owl box on outbuilding

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

1 1st October (or receipt  Toolbox talks of licence, whichever is  Ecologist to be on site to check when any works are being later) to 31st March. undertaken to the roof/roofware as well as when Works to be inspecting gaps in the render/stonework prior to undertaken during the demolition. winter months as this  Provision of mitigation measures to be integrated into the will reduce the proposed works – soffit gaps to front and rear likelihood of bats being present 2 Completion of works  Monitoring check to confirm bat access points provided correctly - One visit in year 1 following completion of the development  One dusk activity observation and one dawn activity observation to be carried out during the summer survey period by a suitably qualified ecologist  Reporting to Welsh Government

Lighting and Habitat provisions 5.1.8 Lighting. The lighting proposals for the property have not yet been confirmed but will be included in the final plans to be drawn up by the architect. This external lighting will therefore comply with recommendations in the Bats and Artificial Lighting: Bats and the Built Environment Series Guidance Note 08/18 (Institution of Lighting Professionals, 2018). High wattage or high-level security lights will not be used. Low level, low wattage warm white lighting of 3000 Kelvin and below (e.g. bollard lights and lights below 1m) suitable for use around bat roosts will be used. All lights will be angled or screened to minimise light spill up onto the soffits/leaves, and onto the surrounding vegetation. 5.1.9 There are no current proposals but, if required, illumination of any access paths to the property will be low level, low wattage lighting, and will not be left on all night (e.g. triggered by PIR sensors on short illumination timers). 5.1.10 Habitat. Apart from general clearance around the house and outbuildings, there are no plans to alter the habitat at the property. Mitigation measures have been included to support Barn owls and measures to support House martins and House sparrows could also be provided as they are a UK BAP species. Suitable designs and measurements may be found within the publication ‘Biodiversity for low and zero carbon buildings – a technical guide for new build’ (Williams, 2010). 5.1.11 Monitoring. A monitoring check will be undertaken to confirm bat access points have been provided correctly. In addition, one dusk activity and one dawn observation to be carried out during the summer survey period 1 year after works have been completed by a suitably qualified ecologist.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 1: An introduction to bat surveys A note on bat surveys All bats and their roosts, irrespective of the number of bats, species, and whether bats are present or not, are fully protected by the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). Bats are the only mammal capable of true flight. They are notoriously difficult to survey for as they cannot be heard unaided and are difficult to see due to their nocturnal behaviour. They are also small and can live in the smallest of crevices, so may often be overlooked because of their size. Wales has relatively high numbers of most of the species that occur in Britain; the rural landscape with its abundance of wooded areas, river valleys and hedgerows means that buildings are commonly used as roosting sites by bats. This is particularly the case for older buildings (typically with stone walls and slate roofs) that are located close to good feeding areas, on the edge of settlements, or that are rarely disturbed. Bats may also change their resting and feeding places regularly throughout the year, depending on the time of year and weather conditions. Thus, other signs of use are also looked for such as their droppings or signs of feeding. To gain an understanding as to how bats are using a building, a survey may also involve dusk and/or dawn observations which may need to be repeated at different times throughout the year. The search buffers implemented as part of the survey are considered to more than adequately cover the predicted zone of influence of the proposed development. The reasons for the site designations have also been considered when discussing potential impacts on the biodiversity of these sites. If the sites are designated for their bat or bird interest, this will be mentioned. Survey methodologies are implemented as appropriate, based on the surveyors’ assessment of the site features and with particular reference to the advice in Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good practice guidelines, 3rd edition (Collins, J. (Ed.), 2016) & The Bat Workers' Manual, 3rd edition. (Mitchell-Jones, A.J., & McLeish, A.P. (Ed.), 2004). Reports are written with reference to the CIEEM (2015) Guidelines as well as BS42020. A PRA visit (scoping survey) is used to identify all potential access and egress points for bats in the building, and to identify crevices and possible dwelling places. Internal and external inspections are aided using powerful binoculars and close-focussing monoculars, as well as ladders, high powered Cree flashlights and head-torches. We also have thermal imaging cameras and night vision devices at our disposal as well as full spectrum photographic cameras which can photograph a bat in complete darkness with an infrared flash. Exploitable crevices are also endoscoped with either a hand-held digital scope or a smart phone compatible scope. Digital thermometers and hygrometers are also at our disposal. The survey consists of a visual inspection of the interior and exterior of the building(s) for evidence of bat use, including droppings, smells, feeding remains, staining, and scratching around roost exit and entry points. Potential features conducive (but not necessarily predictive) to bat presence include voids in the stonework, wooden beams, any associated rot holes, gaps behind soffits or within walls and facia boards, raised tiles, any raised render, and any sufficiently large crevices. The general condition of the building(s) is examined, including the structure of the roof, condition of walls, the potential for disturbance, and the position of the building in relation to connectivity to good bat habitat. If positive bat signs are discovered, or the construction style suggests cryptic bats may be present, an Anabat SDII or Anabat Express is deployed within the space of the building surveyed.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 2: Overview of the legislation

All bats and their roosts, irrespective of the number of bats, species, and whether bats are present or not, are fully protected by the Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 and the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). There is a risk that works could result in the damage or destruction of a bat roost or roosts, the disturbance of bats, and the potential killing or injury of bats, sufficient survey effort (where indicated) helps to minimise this risk. All wild birds, their nests, eggs and dependent young are afforded protection under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended), with the bird nesting season generally from 1st March until 31st August. Technical Advice Note (TAN) 5 (Welsh Government, 2009) specifically provides advice about how the land use planning system should contribute to protecting and enhancing biodiversity and geological conservation. The TAN provides advice for local planning authorities on the key principles of positive planning for nature conservation; nature conservation and Local Development Plans; nature conservation in development management procedures; development affecting protected internationally and nationally designated sites and habitats; and development affecting protected and priority habitats and species. Under Section 2.4 within the TAN 5, ‘when deciding planning applications that may affect nature conservation local planning authorities should’: Pay particular attention to the principles of sustainable development, including respect for environmental limits, applying the precautionary principle, using scientific knowledge to aid decision making and taking account of the full range of costs and benefits in a long- term perspective; Contribute to the protection and improvement of the environment, so as to improve the quality of life and protect local and global ecosystems, seeking to avoid irreversible harmful effects on the natural environment; Promote the conservation and enhancement of statutorily designated areas and undeveloped coast; Ensure that appropriate weight is attached to designated sites of international, national and local importance; Protect wildlife and natural features in the wider environment, with appropriate weight attached to priority habitats and species in Biodiversity Action Plans; Ensure that all material considerations are taken into account, and decisions are informed by adequate information about the potential effects of development on nature conservation; Ensure that the range and population of protected species is sustained; Adopt a step-wise approach to avoid harm to nature conservation, minimise unavoidable harm by mitigation measures, offset residual harm by compensation measures and look for new opportunities to enhance nature conservation; where there may be significant harmful effects local planning authorities will need to be satisfied that any reasonable alternative sites that would result in less or no harm have been fully considered.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Bats are listed under Schedule 5 and 6 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 and protected under sections 9 and 11 (as amended by the Countryside and Rights of Way (CRoW) Act 2000). The Environmental Damage (Prevention & Remediation) Regulations 2009 – A protected species and its habitat are protected under this legislation as well as others. The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2017 – (regulation 43) fully protects all bats and their roosts, making it an offence to deliberately kill, injure or capture (take) bats; to deliberately disturb bats; damage or destroy bat roosts or resting places (this is considered an ‘Absolute Offence’ as damage and destruction may detrimentally effect the Continuous Ecological Functionality of that roost/resting place); possess or transport a bat or any part of a bat; sell (or offer for sale) or exchange bats or parts of bats. For any offence to occur a derogation or European Protected Species (EPS) licence must be gained from Natural Resources Wales. To gain an EPS Licence, they must be satisfied that; i. granting the licence would not be detrimental to the Favourable Conservation Status (FCS) of the populations of species concerned within its natural range; ii. the derogation (licence) is in the public interest of Health and Safety or for other reasons of over-riding public interest, including those of a socio-economic nature or will have a benefit of primary importance to the environment; and iii. there is no satisfactory alternative to the derogation which would allow the described development to proceed but which would avoid or reduce, the need for any adverse impact to the species. Bats are also protected by; Appendix III of the Bern Convention. Appendix II of the Bonn Convention (including the Convention's Agreement on the conservation of Bats in Europe). Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006 (in England). The Environment (Wales) Act 2016: specifically, Sections 6 (places a duty upon Local Authorities to enhance biodiversity and the resilience of ecosystems) and 7 (Creating local biodiversity lists and a duty to take steps to maintain and enhance biodiversity). All bats are listed in Annex IV of The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations 2012 and are therefore designated as European Protected Species. These protected species are afforded enhanced protection and more stringent licensing provisions than those protected by the Wildlife and Countryside Act (WACA) alone. There are also biodiversity obligations to be met within the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 [WFG] and the seven Well-being goals which include an emphasis on socio-economic resilience as well as protecting culture, heritage and the Welsh language. One Act does not take precedence over the other.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 3: Types of bat roost and survey timings

As the mitigation guidelines state: The presence of a significant (important) bat roost… can normally be determined on a single visit at any time of year; providing that the entire structure is accessible and that any signs of bat activity have not been removed by others. The table below shows the applicability of survey methods. The table has been reproduced from Bat Mitigation Guidelines (table 5.2) (2004). Season Roost type Inspection Bat detectors and emergence counts Spring (Mar Building Suitable (signs, perhaps bats) Limited, weather dependent – May) Trees Difficult (best for signs Very limited, weather dependent before leaves appear) Underground Suitable (signs only) Static detectors may be useful Summer Building Suitable (signs and bats) Suitable (June – Trees Difficult Limited: use sunrise survey August) Underground Suitable (signs only) Rarely useful Autumn Building Suitable (signs and bats) Limited, weather dependent (September Trees Difficult Rather limited, weather – November) dependent; use sunrise survey? Underground Suitable (signs, perhaps bats) Static detectors may be useful Winter Building Suitable (signs, perhaps bats) Rarely useful (December – Trees Difficult (best for signs after Rarely useful February) leaves have gone) Underground Suitable (signs and bats) Static detectors may be useful

The table below shows the recommended survey timings and is reproduced from the Good Practice Guidelines (table 7.1) (3rd Edition, 2016). This is for presence/absence surveys to give confidence in a negative result for structures (also recommended for trees but unlikely to give confidence in a negative result). Low roost suitability Moderate roost suitability High roost suitability May to August (structures) May to Septembera with at May to Septembera with at No further surveys required least one of the surveys least two of the surveys (trees) between May and Augustb between May and Augustb a September surveys are both weather and location dependent. Conditions may become more unsuitable in these months, particularly in more northerly latitudes, which may reduce the length of the survey season. b Multiple survey visits should be spread out to sample as much of the recommended survey period as possible; it is recommended that surveys are spaced at least two weeks apart, preferably more, unless there are specific ecological reasons for the surveys to be closer together (for example, a more accurate count of a maternity colony is required but it is likely that the colony will soon disperse). If there is potential for a maternity colony then consideration should be given to detectability. A survey on 31 August followed by a mid-September survey is unlikely to pick up a maternity colony. An ecologist should use their professional judgement to design the most appropriate survey regime.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

The table below shows the recommended minimum number of surveys to be carried out according to roost potential. It is reproduced from the Good Practice Guidelines (table 7.3) (3rd Edition, 2016). Low roost suitability Moderate roost suitability High roost suitability One survey visit. One dusk Two separate survey visits. Three separate survey visits. At emergence or dawn re-entrya One dusk emergence and a least one dusk emergence and (structures). separate dawn re-entry a separate dawn re-entry No further surveys required surveyb survey. The third visit could be (trees) either dusk or dawnb aStructures that have been categorised as low potential can be problematic and the number of surveys required should be judged on a case-by-case basis (as noted in section 5.2.9 of the guidelines). If there is a possibility that quiet calling, late-emerging species are present then a dawn survey may be more appropriate, providing weather conditions are suitable. In some cases, more than one survey may be needed, particularly where there are several buildings in this category. b Multiple survey visits should be spread out to sample as much of the recommended survey period (see table 7.1 above) as possible; it is recommended that surveys are spaced at least two weeks apart, preferably more. A dawn survey immediately after a dusk one is considered only one visit. Roosts required by bats Hibernation sites (hibernacula). Sheltered areas with relatively stable winter temperatures. Underground cavities, caves, mines, cellars, hollow trees and cavities and crevices in buildings or similar structures are examples. Nursery roosts (maternity roosts). Places usually warm, where adult females of a colony gather to give birth and rear their young. These are often traditional sites with a history of such use and include roof voids, walls, soffit boxes, hollows and cracks/splits in trees and cavities in bridges and similar structures. Night roosts/feeding perches. Places where bats may gather at night away from the day roost after initial feeding. These places are often quite exposed and may not be suitable for day roosting. They are often recognisable by deposits of droppings and insect remains. Intermediate/dispersal roosts. Sites where small numbers of bats may gather after hibernation before taking up residence in the nursery roost. Bats may return to these sites after dispersal from the nursery roost and before entering hibernation. Mating/male roosts. Places that an individual male may defend from other males and to which he will attempt to lure females. These will include small holes/cavities in trees, stonework, caves, mines and buildings. Access, size of roost space and structure • Crevice-dwelling bats (such as Soprano pipistrelles) can crawl into roosts via small gaps in the range of 15–20mm high by 20–50mm wide. The roost area should maintain a crevice of this approximate size gap that the bats can roost between. The area this roost provision covers can be small but about 1m2 would be useful for summer nursery roosts. The height of entry can be from 2–7m. • Roof-void dwelling bats require similar dimensions to access the roost but typically need timber joists or beams on which to roost. The height of entry can be from 2–7m. • Bats needing a flying area require the same access dimension as mentioned above, 15– 20mm (h) x 20–50mm (w) situated over 2m in height. The roosting area should not be trussed, to allow flight, and should ideally (wherever possible) be of similar dimensions to the roost being replaced. • Horseshoe bats need a larger access so that they can fly (instead of crawl) directly into the roost. Lesser horseshoe bats need an access of 300mm (w) x 200mm (h), while greater horseshoe bats need 400mm (w) x 300mm (h). As above, the roosting area should not be trussed, to allow flight, and should again (where possible) be of similar dimensions to the roost being replaced.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 4: List of surveyors

Surveyor Licence Experience/background Mr Glyn Bats Glyn has significant experience in survey and presentation skills and has Lloyd-Jones also assisted/worked with many other licensed bat surveyors as well as local bat groups over the past years. He possesses both a Bachelor’s degree (with honours) and Master’s degree in the biological sciences and is a member of the Royal Society of Biology. He also holds a bat licence in England. He has also undertaken many badger, tree and herpetofaunal surveys. Natural Resources Wales Licence number S085044/1. Mr Iestyn Bats Iestyn has extensive experience in conservation, habitat improvement Evans and management and has also worked with and assisted other licensed bat workers for many years. He has also helped with local bat group surveys and assisted in data gathering for the Beacon for Bats project undertaken by the Vincent Wildlife Trust. Iestyn has also assisted the Glamorgan Bat Group and will also help supervise and mentor members of the newly incarnated Carmarthenshire Bat Group. Natural Resources Wales Licence number 73319:OTH:CSAB:2016. Mr Pete Trainee Peter provides survey support with his keen eye for detail and vigilance. Watts He has accompanied I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd on many surveys and is becoming a valuable and experienced surveyor. Mr Greg Trainee Greg attends dusk and dawn Surveys to provide extra monitoring for Evans possible entry and exit points for bats. He is currently building his experience in this area and is a keen amateur natural historian with an enthusiasm and affinity for bats. Miss Ceri Trainee Ceri worked at Team Leader level within the SNCO for Wales for many Daugherty years and has experience in dealing with customers both internal and external as well as negotiating with landowners. She also has prior practical conservation management experience as both a Countryside Ranger and a conservation volunteer. She possesses a Master’s degree in Environmental Impact Assessment and a Bachelor’s degree (with honours) in the natural sciences. She is aiming to become a licensed bat ecologist within the next six months and is a valuable member of the team – her eye for detail having proved very useful on many occasions. Ms Jody Assistant Whenever we need extra assistance in observing and recording bat Evans activity on buildings, Jody has provided an excellent and reliable service.

Ms Sharon Assistant Whenever we need extra assistance in observing and recording bat Doherty activity on buildings, Sharon has also provided an excellent and reliable service. Ms Wendy Assistant Wendy has an Honours degree in Environmental Biology and over 17 Larcombe years’ experience working in the field of conservation, including as a Planning Ecologist and as a freelance Ecologist. She has a wide range of experience, both paid and voluntary which includes extended Phase 1 habitat surveys, building assessment for bats, bat/barn owl surveys , summer roost counts (Gower), and winter roost counts (Black Mountains. She has undertaken a range of training including bat ecology and surveying and is a valued member of the team.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 5: Site plans

Proposed elevations (above). The detailed high-resolution drawings accompany this report. The blue areas give examples of where gaps can be created, providing mitigation and enhancement to the site. The blue areas can be as short as 20cm in length with a space of 15-20mm created beneath. They will be located so they are not directly above any windows or doors, and any planned lighting is not to be directed towards them or disturb any flight lines. An example of bat access is shown on the right. Access does not need to extend into the roof space (see red line) at the property as bats are not currently using it.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

The image above shows where a Schwegler 1FR or similar will be embedded for the benefit of Crevice dwelling bats. Free heat will be available to warm the box from the chimney.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 6: Site survey images

Images showing the construction and condition of the property. As can be seen, it is in poor condition and there are many gaps, particularly around the fascias/soffits. The roof also has some missing slates close to the chimney. The red arrows show where bats were seen to exit/enter the wall tops.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Interior images showing the unlined slate roof within the house. While there are slipped, missing, and damaged slates, there were no bats or their signs within the loft space.

Interior images showing some of the items within the house at the property. As can be seen, there are a lot of items inside, but there were no bats or their signs.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Additional interior images. The image on the left shows the evidence of Barn owl use in the main bedroom. There was an open window in this room which would allow access.

Exterior images showing some of the outbuildings which are not subject to the proposed plans. The building in image 2 (directly above) had signs of Barn owl use (pellets) barn owl box is to be erected for their use.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Interior images from the outbuildings. The last two images show the evidence of Barn owl activity found within the upper floor area of the outbuilding opposite the house (shown on page 22 above) which will remain available for their use. A barn owl box will also be erected on site to increase options.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 7: Sonogram analysis Brimaston Hall August 2018 Greater Horseshoe Bat - Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

Sonogram of Greater Horseshoe sequence

Soprano Pipistrelle Bat - Pipistrellus pygmaeus

Sonogram of Soprano Pipistrelle sequence

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Lesser Horseshoe Bat - Rhinolophus hipposideros

Sonogram of Lesser Horseshoe sequence

Sonogram Interpretation of Activity & Building Usage The anabat was placed within the loft of the house on 7 August 2018 and removed on the 15 August 2018. The species detected were Greater Horseshoe, Lesser Horseshoe and Soprano Pipistrelle bats. The most sequences/passes over a short period (3 in total over a 60-minute period) were made by Greater Horseshoe and Lesser Horseshoe bats. The building was a large two-storey period house with an unlined slate roof. The building was located in an area surrounded by very good bat habitat including open farmland, hedges and scattered woodlands. The Afon Cleddau SSSI, which forms part of the Afonydd Cleddau SAC, was located approximately 835m to the south of the property. Both protected sites are designated for its riverine habitats, fish species, otter and alluvial woodlands. No bats, feeding remains or faeces were discovered during the day time inspections. However, during the dusk activity surveys approximately 10 Soprano Pipistrelle bats were seen to exit from rotten soffits on the house. The evidence found within the building and the presence of bats leaving the building during the emergence surveys, confirms that the building was used as a bat roost by a small number of Soprano Pipistrelle bats. The sonograms of the both the Greater and Lesser Horseshoe bats are unsurprising considering the buildings’ location and surrounding habitat. However, given the low number of passes and the lack of evidence, in addition to the evidence of Barn owl use found within the building, it is unlikely that horseshoe bats were using the building as a roost. As a result, it is considered probable that the anabat picked up the calls through the unlined roof. It was considered that the Pipistrelle roost was unlikely to be a maternity roost in nature due to the lack of significant piles of faeces and that the building was not warm enough.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 8: Roost status and mitigation The figure below is taken from p. 39 of the Bat Mitigation guidelines (Mitchell-Jones, A.J., 2004a) and focus upon the need for appropriate, but proportionate, mitigation.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 9: Roost compensation & enhancement measures

Below: Access to the wall tops is to be created on the replacement dwelling in corresponding locations where they are currently roosting. Gap creating measures’ which cost nothing but have been proven to work. These measures will create further opportunity for the crevice dwellers. If box soffits are to be installed on any dwellings on site please refer to the measurements shown. Access does not need to extend into the roof space (see red line) as bats are not currently using it. A Schwegler 1FR will be embedded into the north-western gable end near the chimney. There are no lights here nor windows.

Left: the in-wall Schwegler 1FR, the tree mounted 1FF and the multi season 1WQ.

Right: The Beaumaris box has a single narrow cavity which makes it suitable for crevice roosting bats. The interior of the box has a rough surface for bats to cling to and the front of the box features a subtle but attractive imprint of a bat in flight.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Below: The Vincent Pro bat box (left) and the Kent Bat Box (right)

Above: Examples of interior Barn owl boxes. The box in the bottom image is the Schwegler no.23. Barn Owls prefer cultivated areas and always live and breed in proximity to humans. This box is ideal for integration into all kinds of buildings including barns, industrial buildings, church towers, etc. The box should not be placed completely in the open but ideally attached to the inside walls of the building. Keep an access hole through the external wall clear in front of the entrance to the box. There is a large flap at the rear for inspection and cleaning purposes. Site at least 6 to 8 m above the ground. The box is made from water-resistant chipboard made without the use of formaldehyde.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 10: I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd legal disclaimer This report was prepared by I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd at the instruction of, and for use by, our client(s) named on the front of the report. It does not in any way constitute advice to any third party who is able to access it by any means. I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd excludes to the fullest extent lawfully permitted, all liability whatsoever for any loss or damage howsoever arising from reliance on the contents of this report. We do not however, exclude our liability (if any) for personal injury or death resulting from our negligence, for fraud or any other matter in relation to which we cannot legally exclude liability. We confirm that in preparing this report, we have exercised reasonable skill and care, taking into account the project objectives, the agreed scope of the work, and prevailing site conditions. Advice in this report is based on the judgement of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd and the interpretation of data gathered during the course of their survey on the property named in this document. Until payment has been received, this report remains the intellectual property of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd and can be withdrawn from the planning process at our request. You are also not covered by any of our indemnity or liability insurance until the report has been paid for in full. The findings and advice given during the course of this survey is provided by employees of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd acting only on behalf of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd. The employees of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd may hold other paid employment but none of their advice, nor work undertaken in respect of producing this report, refers to any roles or responsibilities held in any other employment other than that held at I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd. All work undertaken in this report is the sole responsibility of I&G Ecological Consulting Ltd.

Mr & Mrs Richards Brimaston Hall, Hayscastle, Haverfordwest, Protected Species Survey – Bats Pembrokeshire, SA62 5PW

Appendix 11: References, bibliography, and sources of information

Bat Conservation Trust, 2010. Bats in Buildings. Bats and the Built Environment Series: Volume 1. British Standards Institute, BS42020:2013. Biodiversity. Code of practice for planning and development. London, UK. British Standards Institute, BS8596:2015. Surveying for Bats in Trees and Woodland. London, UK. Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, 2015. Guidelines on Ecological Report Writing. Winchester, UK. CIEEM (2017) Guidelines on Ecological Report Writing. Chartered Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management, Winchester. Collins, J (ed.)., 2016. Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines, 3rd Ed. The Bat Conservation Trust. London. Council of Europe, 1979. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats (the Bern Convention). Strasbourg. Council of Europe, 1979. The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (the Bonn Convention). Strasbourg. Dietz, C., von Helversen, O., Nill, D., 2009. Bats of Britain, Europe and Northwest Africa. A. & C. Black, London. HM Government, 2000. Countryside and Rights of Way (CRoW) Act. HMSO. London. HM Government, 2009. Environmental Damage (Prevention and Remediation) Regulations. HMSO. London. HM Government, 2006. Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act. HMSO. London HM Government, 2010 (as amended 2017). The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations. HMSO. London. HM Government, 1981. The Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as Amended). HMSO. London. Institution of Lighting Professionals, 2018. Bats and Artificial Lighting: Bats and the Built Environment Series. Guidance Note 08/18. ILP, Rugby. Lle. Retrieved from http://lle.gov.wales/home MAGIC. Retrieved from https://magic.defra.gov.uk/ Mitchell-Jones, A.J., 2004a. Bat Mitigation Guidelines. English Nature, Peterborough. Mitchell-Jones, A.J., & McLeish, A.P. Ed., 2004. 3rd Edition Bat Workers' Manual. English Nature, Peterborough. Mitchell-Jones, A.J., Cooke, A.S., Boyd, I.L., Stebbings, R.E., 1989. Bats and remedial timber treatment chemicals a review. Mammal Rev. 19, pp 93–110. Morris, P.A., 1993. A Red Data Book for British Mammals. The Mammal Society, London. Waring, S. D., Essah, E. A., Gunnell, K., Bonser, R. H. C., 2013. Double Jeopardy: The Potential for Problems when Bats Interact with Breathable Roofing Membranes in the United Kingdom. Architecture and Environment. Welsh Government, 2003. List of Species and Habitats of Principal Importance for the Conservation of Biological Diversity. Welsh Government. Cardiff. Welsh Government, 2016. Environment (Wales) Act. Welsh Government. Cardiff. Welsh Government, 2009. Technical Advice Note (TAN) 5, Nature Conservation and Planning. Welsh Government. Cardiff Williams, C., 2010. Biodiversity for low and zero carbon buildings: a technical guide for new build. RIBA Pub., London.