Natural Gas Filtration and Drying Solutions for NGV Fuelling Applications CNG Contamination Problems

NGV Refuelling Applications Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a and many governments financially sup- is piped to a gas dispenser where it is leading alternative to other traditional the use of this energy source due used to refuel NGV’s. fuels used in the automotive industry. to these environmental benefits and to Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) types range achieve goals for emission reductions. CNG can also be produced by upgrad- from large trucks, buses and com- ing biogas to gas pipeline quality mercial vehicles down to passenger In NGV fuelling stations, Natural Gas is standard. The upgraded biogas is cars, taxis, fork-lifts and motorized taken from a pipeline and compressed known as biomethane which can be tricycles. The use of CNG as a vehicle to pressures ranging from 150 barg up converted to CNG by compression in fuel contributes to the reduction of CO2, to 350 barg. The resultant CNG is stored the same manner as for Natural Gas. nitrous-oxide and particulate emissions in purpose built tanks and, on demand,

The Problem CNG is prone to the same types of These problems lead to: contamination that are present in tradi- • Compressor fouling tional fuels – solids that collect during • Vehicle fuel system breakdown handling, water that condenses in stor- • Liquids in storage tanks and vehicle age and vehicle fuel tanks and lube oils fuel tanks which cause corrosion that carry over into the CNG stream. • Gas dispenser breakdown During its transport to the dispenser • Formation of hydrates causing block- the CNG will also pick up contaminants ages in valves, orifices, nozzles etc. from the delivery system.

CNG Cylinder Corrosion

ISO 15403:2000(E), Paragraph 5.1 The Single Most Important Safety Factor for CNG “The single most important safety requirement of compressed natural gas (CNG) fuel is very low water dew-point temperature to preclude the formation of liquid water at any time. Liquid water is the pre- cursor to the formation of corrosive compounds through combination with components in natural gas, namely carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. The combination of corrosive agents, and the pressure cycling, caused by fuel consumption and subse- quent refilling of the fuel storage container, can result in crack growth in metals and ultimately damage and failure. Also, liquid water itself can be detrimental as it may cause blockages, both liquid and solid, in the fuel system. Thus, the water dew-point of the fuel gas at the fuelling station outlet shall be suffi- ciently below the lowest ambient temperature in which the fuelling station and vehicles will operate.” Parker solutions for clean dry compressed natural gas

Typical CNG fuel station layout

HDK-CNG Adsorption Dryer CNG Dispenser

Cascade Storage Filter Filter Filter CNG Compressor Aftercooler Grade ZP & XP Grade ZP & A Grade XP Filter Grade ZP

Pipeline Natural Gas

Tank Sump

CNG Filtration

Installing a low pressure particulate filter before the CNG compressor will remove pipe scale to prevent damage to the compressor. After compression, the installation of a coalescing filter will eliminate oil and water aerosols protecting downstream components. For extra protection, the addition of a high efficiency coalescer in- stalled at the CNG dispenser will protect sensitive metering equipment and provide further protection from oil entering vehicle fuel tanks.

• Wide range of filtration grades • Approved for fluid group 1 gases • Pressures 16/50/100-350 barg • Accreditted to PED/CE • Threaded & Flanged connections • Optional ATEX compliance for • Housings in Aluminium, Steel zone 2 or zone 1 applications and Stainless Steel

CNG Dryers Installing an adsorption dryer in the NGV station will ensure the gas dewpoint is sufficiently low to prevent moisture condensation as recommended in the ISO 15403:2000(E) standard.

STV HDAM/E W-EKT HDK-CNG Single Tower, Suction-Side Single Tower, Discharge Side Dual Tower, Suction-Side Re- Dual Tower, Discharge Side, Adsorption Dryer Adsorption Dryer generative Adsorption Dryer Regenerative Adsorption Dryer Wide Range of Gas Flow Rates, Low to Medium Gas Flow Medium to High Gas Flow Low to Medium Gas Flow Rates, recommended for low through- Rates, recommended for low Rates, recommended for recommended for medium to high put fuelling applications throughput fuelling duties medium to high throughput throughput fuelling duties fuelling duties Parker Worldwide

Europe, Middle East, Africa IE – Ireland, Dublin North America Tel: +353 (0)1 466 6370 AE – United Arab Emirates, [email protected] CA – , Milton, Ontario Dubai Tel: +1 905 693 3000 Tel: +971 4 8127100 IT – Italy, Corsico (MI) US – USA, Cleveland [email protected] Tel: +39 02 45 19 21 [email protected] Tel: +1 216 896 3000 AT – Austria, Wiener Neustadt Tel: +43 (0)2622 23501-0 KZ – Kazakhstan, Almaty [email protected] Tel: +7 7272 505 800 Asia Pacific [email protected] AT – Eastern Europe, Wiener AU – , Castle Hill Neustadt NL – The Netherlands, Oldenzaal Tel: +61 (0)2-9634 7777 Tel: +31 (0)541 585 000 Tel: +43 (0)2622 23501 900 CN – China, Shanghai [email protected] [email protected] Tel: +86 21 2899 5000 NO – Norway, Asker AZ – Azerbaijan, Baku HK – Tel: +47 66 75 34 00 Tel: +994 50 2233 458 Tel: +852 2428 8008 [email protected] [email protected] IN – , Mumbai PL – Poland, Warsaw BE/LU – Belgium, Nivelles Tel: +91 22 6513 7081-85 Tel: +32 (0)67 280 900 Tel: +48 (0)22 573 24 00 [email protected] [email protected] JP – Japan, Tokyo Tel: +81 (0)3 6408 3901 BY – Belarus, Minsk PT – Portugal, Leca da Palmeira Tel: +375 17 209 9399 Tel: +351 22 999 7360 KR – South Korea, Seoul [email protected] [email protected] Tel: +82 2 559 0400 CH – Switzerland, Etoy RO – Romania, Bucharest MY – Malaysia, Shah Alam Tel: +41 (0)21 821 87 00 Tel: +40 21 252 1382 Tel: +60 3 7849 0800 [email protected] [email protected] NZ – , Mt Wellington CZ – Czech Republic, Klecany RU – Russia, Moscow Tel: +64 9 574 1744 Tel: +420 284 083 111 Tel: +7 495 645-2156 SG – [email protected] [email protected] Tel: +65 6887 6300 DE – Germany, Kaarst SE – Sweden, Spånga TH – Thailand, Bangkok Tel: +49 (0)2131 4016 0 Tel: +46 (0)8 59 79 50 00 Tel: +662 717 8140 [email protected] [email protected] TW – Taiwan, Taipei DK – Denmark, Ballerup SK – Slovakia, Banská Bystrica Tel: +886 2 2298 8987 Tel: +45 43 56 04 00 Tel: +421 484 162 252 [email protected] [email protected] ES – Spain, Madrid SL – Slovenia, Novo Mesto South America Tel: +34 902 330 001 Tel: +386 7 337 6650 AR – Argentina, Buenos Aires [email protected] [email protected] Tel: +54 3327 44 4129 FI – Finland, Vantaa TR – Turkey, Istanbul BR – Brazil, Sao Jose dos Campos Tel: +358 (0)20 753 2500 Tel: +90 216 4997081 Tel: +55 12 4009 3500 [email protected] [email protected] CL – Chile, Santiago FR – France, Contamine s/Arve UA – Ukraine, Kiev Tel: +56 2 623 1216 Tel: +33 (0)4 50 25 80 25 Tel +380 44 494 2731 [email protected] [email protected] MX – Mexico, Apodaca Tel: +52 81 8156 6000 GR – Greece, Athens UK – United Kingdom, Warwick Tel: +30 210 933 6450 Tel: +44 (0)1926 317 878 VE – Venezuela, Caracas [email protected] [email protected] Tel: +58 212 238 5422 HU – Hungary, Budapest ZA – South Africa, Kempton Park Tel: +36 1 220 4155 Tel: +27 (0)11 961 0700 [email protected] [email protected]

© 2012 Parker Hannifin Corporation. All rights reserved. BRONGV-01-EN

EMEA Product Information Centre Free phone: 00 800 27 27 5374 (from AT, BE, CH, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, IE, IL, IS, IT, LU, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RU, SE, SK, UK, ZA) US Product Information Centre Toll-free number: 1-800-27 27 537 www.parker.com/hzd