23 June 2004
UNJLC United Nations Joint Logistic Centre
Source UNJLC
Access: PUB
UNJLC SUDAN BULLETIN 15
23 June 2004
UNJLC Sudan Bulletin 15 23 June 2004
The aim of the UNJLC bulletins is to provide a concise weekly overview of UNJLC activities and the present logistical situation in regard to the planning and preparedness for a post war period in South Sudan and the crisis in Darfur. Contact details for all UNJLC offices are available on the UNJLC website at http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/9629 Please note that we are now only emailing a simple text version of the report for users in Sudan with low bandwidth. Users with web access may also see the report and download the PDF version on the UNJLC website at http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/9612 To register to the bulletin or to be removed from the UNJLC mailing list please email to [email protected].
CONTENT
Northern Sudan - Darfur
Southern Sudan 1. Transport Sector 2. Distances 3. Air Operations 4. Corridors 5. Rail 6. River Transport 7. Warehousing/Storage 8. Rainfall
Annex A: NFI Status Report Annex B: NFI Summary
Northern Sudan - Darfur
Shelter/NFI distributions in El Geneina went well and are on-going and on track to be completed first week July in all accessible locations at the reduced distribution levels. The current UNICEF purchase of Jerry cans (funded by promised donation from ECHO) was released ex-factory ahead of schedule and sent to El Geneina. Distributions in Nyala are behind schedule because limited distribution capacity.
Date created: 04/06/23 Page 1 of 10 Date last change 04/06/23 For more information check www.unjlc.org or send an email to [email protected]
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El Fasher is scheduled to receive its first flight of common supply line NFI from a USAID in-kind donation arriving 26 June.
The Shelter/NFI sector meeting agreed to re-visit the proposal for cooking fuel support in an effort to increase donor interest. Initial price quotes show pressurized kerosene stoves available within the region at USD 10 ex- factory.
See attached spreadsheets for flight schedule, and Shelter/NFI Status report.
WFP announced that they will only able to distribute about 500,000 rations in June compared to the target of 800,000. Providing food for Darfur is a complex activity involving huge, and increasing, quantities, transported over long distances often over terrible road conditions. WFP has been in the forefront of planning and implementing operations in Darfur and their problems this month highlight what an exceptionally difficult logistics environment Darfur is.
The UNJLC estimates that overall logistics operations in Darfur need to quadruple in size over the coming months. This includes such activities as up-graded fuel supply arrangements, light vehicle workshops, spare parts and tyres, generator support, road repair, and staff accommodation/offices.
UNJLC Contacts: Douglas Osmond, Khartoum 00249 9121 60405 [email protected] Simon Cammelbeeck, Khartoum 00249 9121 67522 [email protected] (Chief UNJLC Sudan) Hassan Abdalla, Khartoum 00249 9121 53008 [email protected] Nicolas Daher, Geneina 00249 9121 60410 [email protected] Nicky Atkinson 00249 9123 91044 [email protected] Nick Sanders N/A [email protected] Aslan Palombo 00249 9121 67521 [email protected]
Southern Sudan
1. Transport Sector: • Commercial Truck Fleets: Kenya: The total truck fleet and uplift capacity in Kenya has yet to be established. However, the humanitarian agencies short listed transport companies have an estimated truck fleet of 836. Uganda: The total truck fleet and uplift capacity in Uganda has yet to be established. However, the humanitarian agencies short listed transport companies have an estimated truck fleet of 159. South Sudan: The commercial truck fleet in South Sudan is very small and unreliable due to a combination of old trucks and lack of maintenance, spare parts and workshop facilities. Northern Sudan: The reported size of the truck fleet registered with the Heavy Trucks Association in Northern Sudan is 2852.
• Axle Loads: Kenya: The total permitted axle loads in Kenya are outlined in this section below. Uganda: The total permitted axle load in Uganda is equivalent to that in Kenya (outlined in this section below). South Sudan: No axle load limitation exists. Northern Sudan: The total permitted axle load in Northern Sudan is: 10 MT for single axle, 16 MT for double axle and 22 MT for triple axle
The Kenyan Ministry of Roads, Public Works, and Housing has reclarified the legal maximum axle loads and gross weights for vehicles traveling on the Kenyan road network. Limits are as follows: Maximum axle load:
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1. any single axle fitted with four or more wheels 0,000kg 2. any single steering axle, whether controlled by a 8,000kg drawbar or driver operated steering mechanism 3. tandem axle group having four wheels on each axle 16,000kg 4. triple axle group having four wheels on each axle 24,000kg 5. four axle group having four wheels on each axle 32,000kg Legal gross vehicle weights: 1. vehicle with two axles 16,000kg 2. vehicle with three axles 22,000kg 3. vehicle with four axles 28,000kg 4. vehicle and semi-trailer with total of three axles 26,000kg 5. vehicle and semi-trailer with total of four axles 34,000kg 6. vehicle and semi-trailer with total of five axles 40,000kg 7. vehicle and semi-trailer with total of six axles 46,000kg 8. vehicle and semi-trailer with total of seven axles 54,000kg 9. vehicle and drawbar trailer with total of four axles 34,000kg 10. vehicle and drawbar trailer with total of five axles 40,000kg 11. vehicle and drawbar trailer with total of six axles 46,000kg 12 vehicle and drawbar trailer with total of seven axles 54,000kg The full announcement by the Kenyan Ministry of Roads, Public Works, and Housing is available for download on the UNJLC website at http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/19361
2. Distances: • Three distance lists are now available for download from the UNJLC website. These lists cover the following: Locations in South Sudan ex Lokichoggio in Kenya (Eastern Corridor) Locations in South Sudan ex Koboko in Uganda (Western Corridor) Locations within Kenya ex Mombassa All three lists are downloadable at http://www.unjlc.org/content/index.phtml/itemId/22089 or available from the UNJLC office.
3. Air Operations: • OLS operate a fleet of 19 aircraft in support of the South Sudan operation. The fleet, based primarily out of Lokichoggio in Northern Kenya is comprised of seven types of aircraft with the following capacities and costs:
Air Freight Rates ex Lokichoggio to Any Destination in South Sudan, and Aircraft Capacities Aircraft Capacity (passenger or cargo) Price in US$/Kg Remarks
Caravan 10 pax or 1.0 MT 3.50 - 4.00 Buffalo *10 or 40 pax or 8.0 MT 1.50 - 2.20 * Depending on classification of the aircraft.
Twin Otter 19 pax or 1.5 MT 4.00 - 4.50 L 382 (C-130) 18.0 MT 0.70 - 1.21 DACH 8 37 pax or 4.0 MT 1.01 - 1.69 Antanov 12 24.0 MT N/A Stationed in El Obeid IL 76 36.0 MT N/A Stationed in El Obeid
4. Corridors: Page 3 of 10 For more information check www.unjlc.org or send an email to [email protected]
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• At present there are only two operational corridors into South Sudan from outside the country; the Eastern Corridor via Narus in Kenya, and the Western Corridor via Kaya in Uganda. Two additional corridors via Uganda are currently closed due to security concerns. An alternative corridor is via Port Sudan in the north of Sudan. Prior to a comprehensive peace deal this corridor will not be fully viable, however once cross line movement is practicable, it is likely to become an important addition to the Kenyan and Ugandan routes. An outline of key border crossings and customs points along these corridors is included below:
Border crossings at corridors and customs Country Border Crossings Customs Operational Status Kenya Narus Lokichoggio Operational Uganda Kaya Kaya Operational Nimule Nimule Closed (Security) Madi Opei Madi Opei Closed (Security) North Sudan Port Sudan Port Sudan Operational
• A breakdown of the main corridors (Eastern, Western, and Port Sudan) is outlined below. Initial information on distances and indicative costs is included.
Current Operational Corridors: Indicative Prices and Distances Corridor Distance in US$/MT US$/MT/Km Km 1. Mombasa – Nairobi – Lokichoggio 1385 115.00 0.08 2. Lokichoggio – Any destination in S.S. by air N/A N/A N/A 3. Lokichoggio – Kapoeta by road 95 N/A 0.50 4. Nairobi – Lokichoggio by road 896 80.00 0.10 5. Mombasa – Kampala by rail N/A 61.50 N/A 6. Mombasa – Kampala by road 1025 80.00 0.07 7. Kampala – Arua – Kaya – Yei – Maridi - Yambio by road 1025 239.60 0.23 8. Kampala – Arua – Kaya – Yei – Maridi - Rumbek by road 1153 290.40 0.25 9. Mombasa – Nairobi - Malaba – Arua - Kaya – Yei – Maridi 2156 374.30 0.17 - Yambio by road 10. Mombasa – Nairobi - Malaba – Arua - Kaya – Yei – 2361 460.40 0.20 Maridi -Rumbek by road 11. Nairobi – Malaba – Arua – Kaya – Yei – Maridi – Yambio 1671 324.30 0.19 by road 12. Nairobi – Malaba – Arua – Kaya – Yei – Maridi – 1876 410.40 0.22 Rumbek by road 13. Post Sudan – Kosti by rail 1190 14. Port Sudan – Kosti by road 1214 50.00 0.04 15. Kosti – Juba by barge 1436 110.00 0.08
• Initial information on the road from Babanusa to Wau has been received. With the dilapidated state of the rail line from Babanusa to Wau, and its contamination with mines, the road route becomes the most probable means of access, although it too is in a poor state of repair and requires a comprehensive process of assessment, clearance, and repair. The road was operational until 1983 when, due to the worsening security situation in the area, it was largely abandoned. The route can be broken down as follows: Town Distance from Babanusa (KM) Babanusa 0 El Muglad 32 El Mairam 132 Mal Wal 203 Ariat 261 Wodweel 273
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Aweil 309 El Fongo 346 Ghangi 395 Wau 446
The route from Babanusa to Wodweel was never graveled and therefore only gives seasonal access. One can currently drive from Babanusa as far as Mal Wal and the route is used by local traders. Little information is available on the route from Wodweel to Aweil. From Aweil to Wau was once an all weather road, however lack of maintenance and mine laying have negated any benefits this gave. Historically, the Bahr al Arab and Lul rivers both blocked the road during the rainy season. Any rehabilitation of this road would require the bridging of these rivers as fording is not considered an alternative.
5. Rail: • Sudan Rail Network: The main rail line in Sudan runs from east to west, from Port Sudan (Red Sea Province) to Nyala (Southern Darfur Province). The line splits shortly after Port Sudan at Haiya, joining again at Sennar. The southern loop from Haiya to Sennar (via Kassala) is not operational, forcing traffic to pass by the northern loop (via Atbara and Khartoum) to reach Sennar. A separate track branches off from the east-west route at Atbara, linking the city with Wadi Halfa in the extreme north of the country and Karima to the northwest.
Access to the south of Sudan from the Port Sudan – Nyala route is theoretically possible at two points: At Kosti (White Nile Province) cargo can be transferred to barges and transported up the Southern Reaches of the Nile as far as Juba. Alternatively, a rail line branches off the Port Sudan – Nyala route at Babanusa (Southern Kordofan Province) and reaches as far south as Wau. However, this rail link is currently not operational and would require considerable rehabilitation before it became a viable corridor. Below is an outline of the rail stretches comprising the Sudanese network:
Rail Section Distance (KM) Rail Weight Status
Port Sudan – Haiya 203 90 lb. Yard Operational Haiya – Atbara 271 90 lb. Yard Operational Atbara - Khartoum 313 90 lb. Yard Operational Khartoum – Kosti - El 689 588 ms.75lb.Yard & Operational Obeid 101 Kms.90 lb. Yard El Obeid - Babanusa 363 75 lb. Yard Operational Babanusa – Nyala 335 50 lb. Yard Operational Babanusa – Wau 446 50 lb. Yard Non Operational Haiya – Kassala 347 75 lb. Yard Non Operational Kassala – Gedarif 218 75 lb. Yard Non Operational Gedarif – Sennar 237 75 lb. Yard Non Operational Sennar– Ed Demazeen 277 50 lb. Yard Operational Atbara – Wadi Halfa 596 259 Km.50 lb. Yard & Operational 337 Km.75 lb. Yard Atbara – Kareema 494 244 Km.75 lb. Yard & Operational 222 Km.50 lb. Yard Total Track 4789 Operational 3541 Non Operational 1248
• The majority of rolling stock operating on the Sudanese rail network is operated by the Government- owned Sudan Railways Corporation. An overview of their assets is provided below:
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Sudan Railway Rolling Stock Description Unit 2000 2001 2002 Main Line Diesel Locomotives: No. 114 111 111 Stock No. 35 27 22 Operational Shunting Diesel Locomotives: No. 43 41 41 Stock No. 15 12 11 Operational Freight Wagons: Stock No. 4,024 4,881 4,309 Operational No. 2,316 1,969 1,712 Oil Tank Wagons: Stock No. 783 979 910 Operational No. 455 484 392
• In addition to the Sudanese Railway Corporation, there are two private companies with rolling stock. Details are as follows:
Name of Company No. of Locomotives No. and Type of Wagons Al – Bazim 2 in service Total of 150 wagons (open top and covered) (Express Railway Cargo) 6 under maintenance They plan to have 300 wagons by end 2003 Shieku Cargo: 6 locomotives (2 98 wagons (30 open top, 68 covered) of light, 4 heavy) 30-33 MT each (Rail Transport)
Passenger: 1 locomotive and 22 wagons
• Kenya Rail Network: The Kenyan railway network runs from Mombassa on the Indian Ocean to Malaba on the border with Uganda. A branch line links Nakuru on the main line with Kisumu on Lake Victoria. The network is single track, metre gauge and has a weight per yard of between 50 – 115 lb. The network is in need of considerable maintenance. Wooden sleepers have rotted and rails have become worn. Track fastenings are in bad condition and there are ballast shortfalls.
The main transit point for Uganda is Malaba, which links with the Ugandan rail system. A second transit point is Kisumu on Lake Victoria, which is connected to the Ugandan rail system via wagon ferries on the lake. Malaba has a maximum daily capacity of 300 units of 40 MT, however an average of 120 units is optimum. Kisumu has an optimum daily capacity of 200 units of 40 MT.
A breakdown of the rail network is included below:
Rail Section Route Length in KM Mombasa - Malaba 1082 Mombasa - Taveta 283
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Nakuru - Kisumu 217 Nairobi - Nanyuki 235 Others 945 Total Track 2762 Operational 2643 Non Operational 119
• Of an original fleet of 214 locomotives held by the Kenyan Railways Corporation, only 120 remain maintainable. Of this 120, only 70 are currently operational.
There are a total of 7 shunters operating in the area around Mombassa. These are often not equivalent to demand and delays are therefore experienced. At times, units are manually pushed.
Of an original fleet of 6,478 passenger and freight wagons, only 2,470 remain operational. Around 89% of the operational fleet is comprised of freight wagons. An overview of Kenyan rolling stock is included below:
Description Unit 2004 Main Line Diesel Locomotives: No. 214 Stock No. 70 Operational Shunting Diesel Locomotives: No 9 Stock No 8 Operational Freight & Passenger Wagons: Stock No. 6478 Operational No. 2470
6. River Transport: • Waterways: The primary water corridor in Sudan is represented by the White Nile. The White Nile traverses the entire country for a distance of 3,500 km from Wadi Halfa in the north to Juba in the south. The lower stretch from Wadi Halfa to Khartoum is complicated by a number of cataracts. However, the ‘Southern Reach’ stretch from Kosti to Juba constitutes a potentially valuable corridor: Stretching 1,436 km, the Southern Reach passes from Kosti through Renk, Malakal, Adok, Shambi, Bor, Mongalla, Terekeka, and Juba. Reports state that the route is navigable throughout the year. With the current non-operational status of the Babanusa – Wau railway link, the Southern Reach represents one of the few options for the forwarding of cargo from Port Sudan to the south of the country (transshipment from rail to barge at Kosti).
In addition to the White Nile itself, there are a number of its tributaries, which, while providing only seasonal access, allow for a potentially greater outreach by barge. Measuring a total of around 700 km, these include: The Sobat Corridor: Linking Malakal and Nassir (and onwards to Gambela in Ethiopia) The Zeraf River: Branching from the White Nile west of Malakal and heading south roughly parallel with the Jonglei canal through Fangak to Obel and Nagdiar. The river is apparently regularly blocked by water hyacinth. The Bahr el Ghazal: Follows the White Nile from Malakal and continues west to Benitu. The Jur River: Linking Benitu with Wau. Services historically went all the way to Wau but were discontinued from the 1970’s due to blockages from water hyacinth and the security situation.
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As well as the White Nile and its tributaries, the Blue Nile presents limited options for river transportation. A stretch of 210 km between El Suki and El Rosieres is navigable between August and Feburary (low water levels hinder this throughout the remainder of the year). The current non-operational status of the Haiya – Sennar rail route however, would disallow the use of this river in conjunction with the Sudanese rail corridor.
• Transport Assets: The majority of transport assets operating on Sudan’s river ways are owned by the public River Transport Corporation. Their fleet comprises of the following: Push Tugs: 16 units 2000 tons/unit capacity Self Propelled Oil Barge: 1 unit (600 MT/unit capacity) General Cargo Barge: 76 units (700 MT/unit capacity) Flat Deck Cargo Barge: 8 units (500 MT/unit capacity) Oil Fleet Barge: 10 units (500 MT/unit capacity) Passenger vessel: 4 units (232 passengers/unit capacity)
A number of private companies operate river services, although these are much smaller than that of the River Transport Corporation. Private companies consist of the following: 1. Garb el Nuer Pusher: 1 pusher and 1 flattop barge of 400MT. 2. El Mugren: 1 pusher of 100MT and 2 barges totaling 500MT. 3. River Engineering Transport 900MT barge capacity. (Meyroue Pusher) 4. Jonglei State (Malakal Pusher) 1 pusher but hire barges. Capacity of 450MT 5. Hussein Rahman Adilan 1 self-propelled flattop barge and fuel tank. 500MT (El Mushir Pusher) capacity. Hire barges. 1 pusher of 1400MT 6. Pushers for Peace 6 pushers and 6 barges with capacity of 950MT. 6 flattop barges of 750MT 7. Shankin River Transport (Latjor) 2 pushers: 1 of 600MT, 1 of 100MT with 2 barges (450MT).
All companies operate Kosti-Malakal apart from El Mushir Pusher who operates to Kosti, Malakal, Nassir, Juba, and Bentiu.
7. Warehousing/Storage: • Reports from South Sudan indicate that there is extremely limited warehousing/storage infrastructure in country. As such, it will be imperative to optimize fully the storage capacity held by the humanitarian community. UNJLC has therefore compiled an initial list of warehousing operated by Agencies/NGOs in and around South Sudan.
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Warehousing, South Sudan
Location Agency Nos Size in met. Structure
LOKICHOGGIO WFP 19 24 x 10 Storage tent UNICEF 01 24 x 10 Storage tent UNICEF 01 50 x 25 Permanent UNICEF 01 150 x 60 Open yard FAO 01 26 x 11 Rub hall CARE 01 24 x 10 Storage tent SCF-UK 01 23 x 8 Comport WHO 01 26 x 10 Steel Uniport SUPR AID 01 22 x 11 Permanent TEAR FUND 01 26 x 11 Rub hall MSF-BELGIUM 01 26 x 11 Rub hall MSF-FRANCE 01 26 x 11 Rub hall KATE 01 228 x 14 Permanent NPA 03 26 x 11 Rub hall NSCC 01 26 x 11 Rub hall ACROSS 01 24 x 10 Permanent IRC 01 19 x 11 Temporary OXFAM 01 26 x 11 Steel Uniport ACF 01 26 x 11 Rub hall NCA 01 26 x 11 Rub hall RAPID RESPONSE 01 41 x 26 Permanent PRDA 01 26 x 14 Steel Uniport IKOTOS NCA 02 26 x 11 Rub hall AKON WFP 01 24 x 10 Storage tent AKOT SCF-SWEDEN 01 ------Permanent MABIOR WFP 01 45 x 10 Permanent PULMOK WFP 01 20 x 5 Permanent RUMBEK UNICEF 05 24 x 10 Storage tent WFP 02 24 x 10 Storage tent DEA 01 ------Permanent OXFAM 01 ------Permanent SCF-SWEDEN 01 ------Permanent MAPEL SCF-UK 01 23 x 8 Comport NYADIN SCF-UK 01 23 x 8 Permanent AKON SCF-UK 01 23 x 8 Permanent WVI 01 24 x 10 Storage tent MARIALBAI UNICEF 01 12 x 4 PHC tent SCF-UK 01 23 x 8 Comport KAUDA, NUBA UNICEF 01 12 x 4 PHC tent WFP 01 24 x 10 Storage tent ABUROK, SHILLOK UNICEF 01 12 x 4 PHC tent NYAL UNICEF 01 24 x 10 Storage tent YAMBIO UNICEF 02 24 x 10 Storage tent ADJUMANI, UGANDA UNHCR 04 24 x 10 Storage tent PALORINJA, UGANDA UNHCR 04 24 x 10 Storage tent RHINO, UGANDA UNHCR 03 24 x10 Storage tent IMVEPI, UGANDA UNHCR 01 ------Permanent
8. Rainfall:
South Sudan Rainfall (in mm) by Region for 2003:
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Bahr el Ghazal (59 Payams) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 2.2 3.8 7.4 88.8 116.5 170.6 174.3 184.1 147 87.2 81.8 1.5 Highest 21 21 53 161 252 285 286 265 207 128 189 11 Lowest 0 0 0 26 60 111 87 120 65 53 16 0
Upper Nile (85 Payams) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 1 7.6 19.3 47.8 72.5 104.8 107.4 133.7 116.1 94.9 59.9 12.1 Highest 12 60 185 122 137 167 194 203 195 168 203 197 Lowest 0 0 0 2 24 51 60 79 53 41 5 0
Western Equatoria (26 Payams) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 23.4 33.8 69.6 235.7 123.4 198.1 207.1 150.6 140.8 109.1 126.8 26.9 Highest 62 73 127 297 189 256 284 196 202 136 145 60 Lowest 1 7 31 139 88 154 114 122 96 77 74 2
Eastern Equatoria (37 Payams) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Average 6 17.4 66.2 173.1 121.4 111.1 114.2 130.1 86.7 71.5 96.6 42.2 Highest 25 60 124 242 193 197 174 185 151 109 173 193 Lowest 1 3 36 78 44 25 26 56 8 22 24 2
UNJLC Contacts: Matthew Dee (Nairobi): 00254 (0)734699727 [email protected] Rolf Bohlin (Nairobi): 00254 (0)733626933 [email protected] Oddbjorn Larsen (Rumbek): +8821621116176 [email protected]
ABOUT UNJLC UNJLC is an inter-agency facility reporting, in the current emergency, to the Humanitarian Coordinator for Sudan, and overall to the Inter-Agency Standing Committee. Its mandate is to coordinate and optimize the logistics capabilities of humanitarian organizations in large-scale emergencies. UNJLC operates under the custodianship of WFP who are responsible for the administrative and financial management of the Centre. UNJLC is funded from voluntary contributions channeled through WFP. The UNJLC project document for Sudan can be viewed on the UNJLC website (www.unjlc.org).
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