About EnGenius

EnGenius Technologies, Inc. is the industry expert in feature-rich, long-range and enhanced sensitivity wireless communications technology for voice and data. Now home users and small- to medium-sized businesses can introduce and use a wider array of devices and applications because EnGenius makes their networks bigger. Agenda

• 802.11 Standards • IP Rating • PoE (Power-over-Ethernet) • Factors to Consider • RF Basics • EnGenius Outdoor Bridges and APs Wi-Fi Standards • 802.11b

2.4GHz, 11Mbps throughput, DSSS modulation • 802.11a

5GHz, 54Mbps throughput, OFDM modulation

• 802.11g

2.4GHz, 54Mbps throughput, OFDM modulation

• 802.11n

2.4GHz and 5GHz, 300Mbps throughput, MIMO and Spatial Multiplexing, 20-40MHz channels IP Rating IP stands for ingress protection and the numbers tell you the level of protection against solid particles and liquids Protection against solid objects Protection against liquids 0 No Protection 0 No protection 1 Protection against solid objects > 50 mm 1 Protection against vertically falling water drops

Protection against solid objects > 12.5 mm Protection against vertically falling water drops 2 2 when tilted up to 15° Protection against solid objects > 2.5 mm Protection against water sprayed vertically at an 3 3 angle up to 60° 4 Protection against solid objects > 1 mm 4 Protection against splashing water 5 Dust-protected 5 Protection against water jets from any direction 6 Dust-tight 6 Protection against powerful water jets

Protected against the effects of temporary 7 immersion in water Protected against the effects of continuous 8 immersion in water PoE (Power-over-Ethernet) • EnGenius outdoor models come with proprietary PoE injectors. • Eliminates the need to run 110/220 VAC power to network devices. • System installers need to run only shielded CAT5e/6 cable that carries both power and data to each device • Allows greater flexibility in the location of APs and network devices • Significantly decreases installation costs in most cases Factors to Consider • Mounting locations may be limited

• RF interference and choosing the right band

• Backhaul connectivity may be difficult to achieve

• Heating, cooling, and other environmental considerations

• Power may not be readily available

• Bandwidth requirement for the type of traffic

• Type of antenna required

• Site survey to identify possible sources of interference Understanding dBm • The dBm is an absolute power measurement.

• The “m” stands for milliwatt, which is the reference point.

• 0dbm is 1mW of power

• 1dbm is 1dB stronger than 0dBm or 1dB stronger than 1mW (1.3mW) -xdBm is power less than 1mW

0dBm = 1mW -3dBm = 0.5mW 3dBm = 2mW 10dBm = 10mW -10dBm = 0.1mW 28dBm = 600mW (approx.) 30dBm = 1000mW or 1 watt Understanding dBi • dBi = The dB gain an antenna has as compared to a baseline “Isotropic radiator” type antenna. It’s simply a reference point.

• The Isotropic radiator is a theoretical antenna where the signal is transmitted like a globe, equally in all directions.

• Does not exist in real life. The design of any real antenna will cause the signal to favor one direction (even slightly) over another.

• The physical laws of the conservation of energy says if you gain power in one direction, the other direction must be lost.

• To have antenna gain therefore means the signal pattern is changed to be favorable in a certain direction over another. The more disproportional it is, the more gain is realized. dBm to Milliwatts Calculating EIRP • dBm and dBi – You can add or subtract them!

• dBm is power while dBi is antenna gain.

• The total power (transmitter, losses of cable, gain of antenna etc.) is called EIRP (Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power) Example: 28dbm + (-2db coax loss) + 6dbi antenna = 34dbm EIRP. Maximum EIRP in 2.4 GHz FCC limits EIRP for Omni-directional signals to 36dbm for 2.4GHz and 5GHz WiFi For directional signals, for every 3db of antenna gain beyond 6dbi, transmitter power must be reduced by 1dbm. Max Power Max Antenna Gain EIRP (dBm) EIRP (watts) 30 dBm 6 36 4 29 9 38 6.3 28 12 40 10 27 15 42 16 26 18 44 25 25 21 46 39.8 24 24 48 63 23 27 50 100 22 30 52 158 Maximum EIRP in 5.8 GHz In the 5.8 GHz band, in a fixed point-to-point link you can use antennas up to 23 dBi gain (although the transmit power fed into the antenna is still limited to 30 dBm).

Band Frequency Max Power EIRP

U-NII-1 Indoor Only 5150-5250 MHz 50 mW 200 mW

U-NII-2 Indoor/Outdoor 5250-5350 MHz 250 mW 1 Watt

U-NII-2 Indoor/Outdoor DFS 5470-5725 MHz 250 mW 1 Watt

U-NII-3 Outdoor Only 5725-5825 MHz 1 Watt 200 Watt Transmit Power • Tx power is the amount of power a radio transmits • Generally, the longer the distance, the more power needed • EnGenius devices display transmit power in dBm Receive Power

• Rx Power is the lowest level at which a radio can detect signal from noise. • The lower the level, the better the radio

Not to be confused with receive sensitivity.

 Rx Sensitivity – is a measurement of the weakest signal a receiver can receive and still correctly translate it into data (-75dB is better than -90dB in actual performance) Up to 600mW Tx Power • Rule of thumb: Outdoors – for every increase of 6 dB, the coverage distance doubles. • An increase of 3dBm is double the power in mW

N Data Rate Tx Avg. Power Rx Sensitivity MCS 0 / 8 28 -95 MCS 1 / 9 28 -92 MCS 2 /10 28 -87 MCS 3 /11 28 -85 MCS 4 /12 26 -80 MCS 5 /13 25 -79 MCS 6 /14 24 -74 MCS 7 /15 23 -73 RF line of sight • The Fresnel zone for a radio beam is an elliptical area immediately surrounding the visual path. It varies in thickness depending on the length of the signal path and the frequency of the signal.

• Free space loss and curvature of the earth must also be considered.

• Elevate antennas to get above any obstructions. Link Budget Calculation • Line of sight is critical. • Less than 30% obstruction of the Fresnel Zone. • Proper antennas and alignment. • Adequate Tx and Rx power on both ends. http://www.wirelessconnections.net/calcs/BudgetCalc.asp

No Fresnel Zone Encroachment Clear Line of Sight

TX Distance Cable Loss TX Antenna RX Antenna RX Gain Gain Cable Loss

TX Power RX Signal Level Transmitter Receiver Point-to-Point Made Easy • Integrated directional antennas • No cable loss • Dual Polarization

EHN200

EHN200 5 GHz Outdoor Wireless 11n Bridge

• High Power 27 dBm • IP65 Waterproof / Dustproof • AP / CB / WDS Modes • 24V PoE Support • 2 x 10/100 Fast Ethernet Ports

ENH500 (802.11an / 5GHz) • 2Tx / 2Rx (up to 300 Mbps) • Integrated 14 dBi Antenna with Dual Polarization Performance in urban environment 90 Mbps @ ½ mile 75 Mbps @ 1 mile 3.5 Mbps @ 2 miles 2.4 GHz Outdoor Wireless 11n Bridges

• High Power 27 dBm • IP65 Waterproof / Dustproof • AP / CB / WDS Modes • 24V PoE Support • 2 x 10/100 Fast Ethernet Ports

ENH202 (802.11bgn / 2.4GHz) • 2Tx / 2Rx (up to 300 Mbps) Integrated 10 dBi Antenna with Dual Polarization Performance in urban environment 15 Mbps @ ½ mile 15 Mbps @ 1 mile 10 Mbps @ 2 miles

ENH200 802.11bgn (2.4GHz) 1Tx+1Rx : 150Mbps 2.4 GHz Outdoor N Wireless Bridges

• High Power 28dBm • CB/AP/WDS Mode • IP67 Water proof design • 24V PoE support • 2 x Gigabit Ethernet Ports

ENH210 802.11bgn (2.4GHz) 2Tx+2Rx : 300Mbps Integrated 14dBi Antenna with dual polarization

Performance in urban environment 70 Mbps @ ½ mile 50 Mbps @ 1 mile 35 Mbps @ 2 miles High Power Outdoor Wireless 11n Access Points ENH200EXT (2.4GHz) • 1Tx+1Rx : up to 150Mbps EAG-2408 • 10/100Mbps Fast Ethernet • High Power 27dBm • SMA Connector for 2.4GHz Antenna • CB / AP / WDS Modes • IP65 Waterproof design • 24V PoE Support • MSSIDs / VLAN • EAG-2408 recommended antenna (optional accessory) • Use high gain antenna directional antenna for longer links

ENH210EXT 802.11bgn • 2Tx+2Rx: 300Mbps • Gigabit Ethernet • High Power : 29dBm • 2 N-Type connectors • 2 x 5 dBi antennas • AP/CB/WDS Mode • IP67 Water proof design • 48V PoE support (802.3af/at compliant) • MSSIDs (up to 8), VLAN • SNMP Adjusting ACK Timeout • For links 2 Km and greater • Can drastically increase performance Grounding

Grounding the device is important must be installed according to the National Electric Code sections 810-15s and 810-21.

Never attach the Grounding Wire while the device is powered.

If the ground is to be attached to an existing electrical circuit, turn off the circuit before attaching the wire.

Use the EnGenius POE only with approved EnGenius models they ship with.

Never install radio equipment, surge suppressors, or lightning protection during a storm. Questions?

w [email protected] 8 888-735-7888 x 517 w www.engeniustech.com