Description and Finding Aid JOHN W. HOLMES FONDS F2260

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Description and Finding Aid JOHN W. HOLMES FONDS F2260 Description and Finding Aid JOHN W. HOLMES FONDS F2260 Prepared by Marion Magee 2011, 2014 John W. Holmes fonds JOHN W. HOLMES FONDS Dates of creation [187-] -1991, predominant 1938-1991 Extent 12 m of textual material Approximately 200 photographs Biographical sketch John Wendell Holmes (JWH), diplomat, administrator, educator, and writer, was born in London, Ontario, on 18 June 1910 to William Wendell Holmes and Helen Morton. He received his BA from the University of Western Ontario and his MA from the University of Toronto and thereafter pursued graduate studies at the University of London (England). From 1941 to 1943 he was national secretary of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs. In 1943 Holmes joined Canada’s Department of External Affairs. While in the foreign service he was first secretary in London, England, chargé d’affaires in Moscow, acting Canadian representative to the United Nations in New York, External Affairs member of the directing staff at the National Defence College (Kingston), and assistant under-secretary of state for external affairs supervising the work of the Far Eastern, United Nations, and Commonwealth Divisions. In 1960 he left the public service to become president (a title later changed to director general) of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs (CIIA). He relinquished that position in 1973 but remained associated with the Institute as counsellor until his death. Holmes was a special lecturer (1962, 1963) and a visiting professor of international relations at the University of Toronto (1966-1988), a professor of international relations at Glendon College, York University (1971-1982), and a visiting professor at the University of Leeds (1979, 1985). Holmes was the author of numerous articles and book chapters as well as several books: Some Aspects of Mediation (1970), The Better Part of Valour (1970), Canada: A Middle-Aged Power (1976), The Shaping of Peace: Canada and the Search for World Order 1943-1957 (2 vols. 1979 & 1982), Life with Uncle: the Canadian-American Relationship (1981). In 1969 Holmes was made an officer of the Order Canada. In 1977 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada and in 1986 received the society’s Tyrrell medal. He was the recipient of eleven honorary degrees, an honorary fellow of Trinity College (1983), and a member of Pickering College’s Class of 1842. He died on 13 August 1988 in London, Ontario. Scope and content The fonds consists of textual material and photographs. Much of the material relates to articles, speeches, books, book chapters, radio/television scripts, and book reviews written by JWH in the areas of Canadian foreign policy and international organization. As well, there is material relating to conferences and seminars in which he participated and organizations with which he was involved, files on his teaching at Glendon College, the University of Toronto, and Leeds University and his doctoral students, files of business and personal correspondence, material collected for his two-volume work, The Shaping of Peace , family and professional memorabilia. Contains series 1. Articles 2. Speeches 3. Books 4. Book Chapters 5. Radio & Television 6. Book Reviews 7. Conferences, Seminars, Convocations 8. Glendon College, University of Toronto, Leeds University 2 John W. Holmes fonds 9. PhD Students 10. Comments on Others’ Papers/Interviews with JWH 11. CIIA Fellowships 12. Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto 13. Other Organizations & Institutions 14. Miscellaneous Correspondence 15. Papers Collected for The Shaping of Peace 16. Personal Correspondence 17. University Activities 18. Miscellany 19. Death/Memorials 20. Photographs 21. Letters to Family Notes Acquisition history: Most of the papers were stored at Glendon College after Mr. Holmes’s death and transferred to the Trinity College Archives in the autumn of 2001. In 2014 the family transferred to the Archives two sets of material (largely letters). This material is to be found in boxes 88 and 89 and 94 and 95. Arrangement: In general the material in boxes 1-67 were arranged by Gayle Fraser (GF), John Holmes’s executive assistant from 1968 until his death. The balance of the material (unsorted) arrived in boxes and was put into files by an archives volunteer. In 2002-2008, all the material catalogued by GF was checked, where appropriate hitherto unsorted material was transferred to these files, duplicates in the unsorted material were discarded, and new series/files were created for the remainder of the unsorted material. Restrictions on access : Some restrictions apply, as noted in the files descriptions. Terms governing use and reproduction / publication : Various copyright holders. It is the researcher's responsibility to obtain permission to publish any part of the fonds. Provenance access points : Holmes, John Wendell (1910-1988) Associated materials: Canadian Institute of International Affairs (CIIA), minutes; National Archives of Canada, files relating to the CIIA’s activities. SERIES 1: ARTICLES Dates of creation: 1939-1988, predominant 1960-1988 Extent: .65 m Scope and content : This series contains articles written by John Holmes for some 60 journals, magazines, and newspapers. It includes correspondence, notes, drafts, final texts, print versions and associated materials. Note Arrangement : This material was originally arranged and catalogued by Gayle Fraser and the files were largely arranged alphabetically by the name of the publication. This arrangement has been maintained but additional material has been added from boxes of unsorted papers. 3 John W. Holmes fonds Box/file listing FOLDER/UNIT TITLE START END CONTENTS BOX/ DATE DATE FILE # Air Force College 1963 1963 ‘Canada and the Pacific,’ 1963: 1-1 Journal correspondence, including comments by Arthur Menzies, 13 Aug 1963; manuscript notes, typed text. A slightly amended version was published in The Better Part of Valour. Air University 1966 1967 ‘Canada’s role in the United Nations,’ 18:4, 1-2 Review May-June 1967: correspondence, including comments by Barry Tackaberry, 28 Jan 1967; carbon of typed text, printed version. Atlantic Monthly 1964 1965 ‘The diplomacy of a middle power,’ 214:5, 1-3 Nov 1964: correspondence; typed text, printed text. Atlantic Community 1962 1971 ‘Canada and the United States: political and 1-4 Quarterly security issues,’ 8:3, fall 1970; ‘The Atlantic Community – unity and reality,’ 2:4, winter 1964-5 – later published, slightly revised, in The Better Part of Valour : ‘Political implications of the European Community,’ 1:1, 1963. Correspondence only. See also file 6-8. bout de papier 1987 1989 ‘1945: reflections from Canada House,’ 6:3, 1-5 1989: correspondence, photocopy of printed text; ‘Containment: forty years later,’ 5:3, fall 1987: correspondence, typed text; article for same issue by John Halstead. Brookings article 1972 1973 ‘Canada – odd man out in the Atlantic 1-6 Community,’ written in 1973 for Brookings Institution report for a North Atlantic Assembly committee on the future of the Atlantic relationship. Brookings decided not to publish. Correspondence, several typed drafts. Excerpts were published in Canada: A Middle-Aged Power. Canada House 1979 [1981] ‘The changing nature of international 1-7 Lectures organization: the Canadian perspective,’ Canada House lecture series, no 8, Nov 1979: correspondence; printed text [1981]. Canadian Banker 1962 1970 ‘Canada’s role in international organizations,’ 1-8 74:1, spring 1967; ‘A Commonwealth Secretariat – new style,' 72:4, winter 1965. 4 John W. Holmes fonds Correspondence, typescript and offprint of 1965 article; offprints of 1967 article. Canadian Business 1963 1966 'NATO - a peacekeeping agency,' 39:5, May 1-9 1966: correspondence; first draft, mimeo copy. Also includes correspondence about republication of 'Japan charges Canada with discrimination in trade dealing,' which appeared in Canadian Business 34:5, May 1961. See file 89-5, list of publications, for other articles by JWH in Canadian Business . Canadian 1961 1961 'The Commonwealth as idea and prophecy,' 1-10 Commentator 5:5, May 1961: correspondence; printed version. Canadian Forum 1960 1960 'Mr. Krushchev and the UN,' 40(no 478), Nov 1-11 1960: mimeo and printed versions. See also files 5-3, 15-2, 21-2 and 21-4 re other contributions to the Forum by JWH. Canadian High 1965 1967 'The New Commonwealth,' special centennial 1-12 News supplement in Your Canada Series, 1967: correspondence; printed version. Canadian Historical 1981 1983 Correspondence re possible contribution. 1-13 Review Canadian Slavonic 1965 1965 Correspondence with Adam Bromke re 1-14 Papers Gordon Skilling's paper on 'Canada and Eastern Europe,' for Canadian Slavonic Papers , 1965. Includes correspondence with Peter Dobell and A.F. Hart. Centennial Review 1966 1966 'Canada as a middle power,' 10:4, fall 1966: 1-15 printed version only. Century Magazine 1965 1967 'Canada in the world,' Feb 1967: 1-16 correspondence; typed copy, printed version. The Decisive Years 1962 1967 'The necessity of nationalism?' 5, 1967; 1-17 'Opportunities abroad,' 1, 1962. Correspondence, copy of 1967 article. Études 1969 1970 'Les institutions internationales et la politique 1-18 internationales extérieure,' 1:2, juin 1970: correspondence; printed version. See also file 9-16. External Affairs 1968 1968 'The late Norman A. Robertson,' 20:9, Sept 1-19 1968: printed copy only. Foreign Affairs 1982 1983 'North American accord or discord,' possible 1-20 article for Foreign Affairs : correspondence with Bill Bundy; various drafts and suggestions for revision (never published). See also letter to Richard Smith in file 57-5. 5 John W. Holmes fonds Foreign Affairs 1961 1967 'Growing independence in Canadian- 2-1 American relations,' 46:1, Oct 1967: comments from Gordon Smith and Arthur Kroeger and newspapers (clippings), see file 85-2 for a carbon of the final text, an abbreviated version was published in The Better Part of Valour; 'Canada in search of its role,' 41:4, July 1963, including clipping from London Free Press ; 'Canada and the United States in world politics,' 40:1, Oct 1961, including a clipping of an article by William Stevenson quoting JWH.
Recommended publications
  • Etditaxmurnats. ~THE JOURNAL of the BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
    THE ritishJ eTdiTaXMurnaTS. ~THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. EDITED BY NORMAN GERALD HORNER, M.A., M.D. VOLUME 1, 1932 JANUARY TO JUNE I PRINTED AND PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICE OF THE BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, W.C.1. [Thu Bama-- J"A.-JUNE, I932j 1MXUDAL JOURNAL KEY TO DATES AND PAGES THE following table, giving a key to the dates of issue and the page numbers of the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL and SUPPLEMENT in the first volume for 1932, may prove convenient to readers in search of a reference. Serial Date of Journal Supplement No. Issue. Pages. Pages. 3704 Jan. 2nd 1- 44 1- 8 3705 9th 45- 84 9- 12 3706 16th 85- 128 13- 20 3707 23rd 129- 176 21- 28 3708 30th 177- 222 29- 36 3709 Feb. 6th 223- 268 37- 48 3710 ,, 13th 269- 316 49- 60 3711 ,, 20th 317- 362 61- 68 3712 ,, 27th 363- 410 .69- 76 3713 March 5th 411- 456 ......77- 84 3714 12th 457- 506 ......85- 92 3715 19th 507- 550 93 - 104 3716 26th 551- 598 .105- 112 3717 April 2nd 599i.- 642 .113- 120 3718 9th 643- 692 .121 - 132 3719 ,, 16th 693- 738 .133- 144 3720 23rd 739- 784 .145- 160 3721 30th 785- 826 .161 - 208 3722 May 7th 827- 872 .209- 232 *3723 ,, 14th 873- 918 3724 21st 919- 968 .233 - 252 3725 , 28th 969- 1016 .253 - 264 3726 June 4th 1017 - 1062 .265 - 280 3727 11th 1063 - 1110 .281 - 288 3728 , 18th 1111 - 1156 .289- 312 3729 Pt 25th 1157 - 1200 .313- 348 * This No.
    [Show full text]
  • MARCEL CADIEUX, the DEPARTMENT of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS, and CANADIAN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: 1941-1970
    MARCEL CADIEUX, the DEPARTMENT of EXTERNAL AFFAIRS, and CANADIAN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: 1941-1970 by Brendan Kelly A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Brendan Kelly 2016 ii Marcel Cadieux, the Department of External Affairs, and Canadian International Relations: 1941-1970 Brendan Kelly Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto 2016 Abstract Between 1941 and 1970, Marcel Cadieux (1915-1981) was one of the most important diplomats to serve in the Canadian Department of External Affairs (DEA). A lawyer by trade and Montreal working class by background, Cadieux held most of the important jobs in the department, from personnel officer to legal adviser to under-secretary. Influential as Cadieux’s career was in these years, it has never received a comprehensive treatment, despite the fact that his two most important predecessors as under-secretary, O.D. Skelton and Norman Robertson, have both been the subject of full-length studies. This omission is all the more glaring since an appraisal of Cadieux’s career from 1941 to 1970 sheds new light on the Canadian diplomatic profession, on the DEA, and on some of the defining issues in post-war Canadian international relations, particularly the Canada-Quebec-France triangle of the 1960s. A staunch federalist, Cadieux believed that French Canadians could and should find a place in Ottawa and in the wider world beyond Quebec. This thesis examines Cadieux’s career and argues that it was defined by three key themes: his anti-communism, his French-Canadian nationalism, and his belief in his work as both a diplomat and a civil servant.
    [Show full text]
  • The Limits to Influence: the Club of Rome and Canada
    THE LIMITS TO INFLUENCE: THE CLUB OF ROME AND CANADA, 1968 TO 1988 by JASON LEMOINE CHURCHILL A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfilment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2006 © Jason Lemoine Churchill, 2006 Declaration AUTHOR'S DECLARATION FOR ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION OF A THESIS I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation is about influence which is defined as the ability to move ideas forward within, and in some cases across, organizations. More specifically it is about an extraordinary organization called the Club of Rome (COR), who became advocates of the idea of greater use of systems analysis in the development of policy. The systems approach to policy required rational, holistic and long-range thinking. It was an approach that attracted the attention of Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. Commonality of interests and concerns united the disparate members of the COR and allowed that organization to develop an influential presence within Canada during Trudeau’s time in office from 1968 to 1984. The story of the COR in Canada is extended beyond the end of the Trudeau era to explain how the key elements that had allowed the organization and its Canadian Association (CACOR) to develop an influential presence quickly dissipated in the post- 1984 era. The key reasons for decline were time and circumstance as the COR/CACOR membership aged, contacts were lost, and there was a political paradigm shift that was antithetical to COR/CACOR ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Cumulative List of Jury Members For
    CUMULATIVE LIST OF PEER ASSESSMENT COMMITTEE MEMBERS FOR THE GOVERNOR GENERAL'S LITERARY AWARDS LISTE CUMULATIVE DES MEMBRES DES COMITÉS D’ÉVALUATION PAR LES PAIRS POUR LES PRIX LITTÉRAIRES DU GOUVERNEUR GÉNÉRAL YEAR CHAIRPERSON ENGLISH SECTION FRENCH SECTION ANNÉE PRÉSIDENT SECTION ANGLAISE SECTION FRANÇAISE 1958 Donald Grant Northrop Frye (Chair/prés.) Guy Sylvestre (Chair/prés.) Robertson Davies Jean-Charles Bonenfant Douglas LePan Robert Élie 1959 Donald Grant Northrop Frye (Chair/prés.) Guy Sylvestre (Chair/prés.) Robertson Davies Jean-Charles Bonenfant Douglas LePan Roger Duhamel 1960 Guy Sylvestre Northrop Frye (Chair/prés.) Roger Duhamel (Chair/prés.) Alfred Bailey Jean-Charles Bonenfant Robertson Davies Clément Lockquell 1961 Guy Sylvestre Northrop Frye (Chair/prés.) Roger Duhamel (Chair/prés.) Alfred Bailey Léopold Lamontagne Roy Daniells Clément Lockquell 1962 Northrop Frye Roy Daniells (Chair/prés.) Roger Duhamel (Chair/prés.) F.W. Watt Léopold Lamontagne Mary Winspear Clément Lockquell 1963 Northrop Frye Roy Daniells (Chair/prés.) Roger Duhamel (Chair/prés.) F.W. Watt Léopold Lamontagne Mary Winspear Clément Lockquell 1964 Roger Duhamel Roy Daniells (Chair/prés.) Léopold Lamontagne (Chair/prés.) F.W. Watt Bernard Julien Mary Winspear Clément Lockquell 1965 Roger Duhamel Roy Daniells (Chair/prés.) Léopold Lamontagne (Chair/prés.) F.W. Watt Bernard Julien Mary Winspear Adrien Thério 1966 Roy Daniells Robert Weaver (Chair/prés.) Léopold Lamontagne (Chair/prés.) Henry Kreisel Jean Filiatrault Mary Winspear Bernard Julien 1967
    [Show full text]
  • Rebuilding the Universities After the Great War: Ex‐Service Students
    Rebuilding the Universities after the Great War: Ex-Service Students, Scholarships and the Reconstruction of Student Life in England GEORGINA BREWIS University College London SARAH HELLAWELL University of Sunderland DANIEL LAQUA Northumbria University Abstract This article examines a transformative moment in the history of British higher education. After the First World War, student numbers were boosted by the arrival of large numbers of ex-servicemen. Their access to university was facilitated by the government-funded Scheme for the Higher Education of Ex-Service Students, which provided grants to nearly 28,000 students between 1918 and 1923. The article offers the first sustained historical analysis of the workings and impact of this programme, which constituted a major development in state support for individual students. Our study contextualizes these measures by showing how the war was memorialized at universities and by tracing the changing nature of student life – covering themes such as gender relations and the activities of student societies. Material from case-study institutions in London and the North East of England is used to add specific depth to discussions of the national picture. As a whole, the article makes an original contribution to the wider literature on the First World War’s impact on British society. I The impact of the Great War was felt strongly at British and Irish universities. As the student periodical of University College London declared in 1919, ‘A shadow was thrown over the whole earth, and nowhere did it fall more darkly than on the universities.’1 Student numbers We gratefully acknowledge the support from the AHRC World War One Engagement Centre at the University of Hertfordshire, especially Sarah Lloyd and Anna Hammerin.
    [Show full text]
  • DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS and ACID RAIN DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS and the ISSUE of ACID RAIN by NANCY MARY MACKNESON, B.A
    DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND ACID RAIN DIPLOMACY, CANADIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND THE ISSUE OF ACID RAIN By NANCY MARY MACKNESON, B.A. (Hons) A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University (c) Copyright by Nancy Mary MacKneson, September 1993 MASTER OF ARTS (1993) McMaster University (Political Science) Hamilton, Ontario TITLE: Diplomacy, Canadian-American Relations and the Issue of Acid Rain AUTHOR: Nancy Mary MacKneson, B.A.(Hons) (Trent University) SUPERVISOR: Professor Kim Richard Nossal NUMBER OF PAGES: vi,160 ii ABSlRACf Diplomacy has been an important component in international relations since the earliest of civilizations. As societies evolved, so did diplomacy. In the context of the relationship between Canada and the United States the issue of acid rain resulted in some unusual diplomatic tactics being employed by Canada. This thesis seeks to review the degree of this unusual behaviour and determine whether it is an indication of a shift in the nature of diplomacy in the Canadian-American relationship, or an isolated incident, not likely to be repeated. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMEN1S There are a number of people to whom I am indebted for the successful completion of this thesis. Of particular note is my supervisor, Professor Kim Richard Nossal, for his patience and guidance throughout the many months. In addition, I appreciative of the support and suggestions from Professors Richard Stubbs and George Breckenridge. I also owe a great deal to my parents for granting me the gift of curiosity as well as their constant support as I searched for answers.
    [Show full text]
  • Canada in World Affairs History 389 Fall 2018
    St. Jerome’s University in the University of Waterloo Department of History Canada in World Affairs History 389 Fall 2018 Instructor: Dr. Thirstan Falconer Lectures: Mondays, 10:30am-12:20pm, SJ1 3020 Wednesdays, 10:30am-11:20pm, SJ1 3020 Office: Mondays, 2:30pm-4:30pm or by Appointment, SH 2009 (SH 2020 in Oct) E-mail: [email protected] Telephone: 519-884-8111 ext. 28233 Course Objectives This course introduces students to the history of Canadian foreign relations since 1867 to 2000, with a particular emphasis on the twentieth century and how diplomatic, cultural, economic, and military interactions with other states shaped Canada’s political and social development. The primary focus will be on Canada’s evolving relationships with the United Kingdom, the United States. Learning Objectives Through the lectures, readings, and seminars, students are intended to develop a testable understanding of how Canadian foreign relations has developed and progressed through various domestic and international influences between 1867-2000. The seminar discussions are intended to sharpen how students approach written and media sources, as well as instill an understanding that all sources must be scrutinized rather than accepted at face value. They will also cover material not investigated in-class. Furthermore, these readings should help the student develop the ability to understand that there are numerous approaches and debates to how the history of Canadian foreign relations is written and understood. The various workshops will prepare students for library research, the briefing note assignment, and the live briefing note exercise. Attendance is mandatory. The written briefing document, and the instructions below for that assignment, should help foster students’ ability to write thoughtfully and persuasively as well as develop their ability to analyze research questions.
    [Show full text]
  • Theory of International Politics
    Theory of International Politics KENNETH N. WALTZ University of Califo rnia, Berkeley .A yy Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Reading, Massachusetts Menlo Park, California London • Amsterdam Don Mills, Ontario • Sydney Preface This book is in the Addison-Wesley Series in Political Science Theory is fundamental to science, and theories are rooted in ideas. The National Science Foundation was willing to bet on an idea before it could be well explained. The following pages, I hope, justify the Foundation's judgment. Other institu­ tions helped me along the endless road to theory. In recent years the Institute of International Studies and the Committee on Research at the University of Califor­ nia, Berkeley, helped finance my work, as the Center for International Affairs at Harvard did earlier. Fellowships from the Guggenheim Foundation and from the Institute for the Study of World Politics enabled me to complete a draft of the manuscript and also to relate problems of international-political theory to wider issues in the philosophy of science. For the latter purpose, the philosophy depart­ ment of the London School of Economics provided an exciting and friendly envi­ ronment. Robert Jervis and John Ruggie read my next-to-last draft with care and in­ sight that would amaze anyone unacquainted with their critical talents. Robert Art and Glenn Snyder also made telling comments. John Cavanagh collected quantities of preliminary data; Stephen Peterson constructed the TabJes found in the Appendix; Harry Hanson compiled the bibliography, and Nacline Zelinski expertly coped with an unrelenting flow of tapes. Through many discussions, mainly with my wife and with graduate students at Brandeis and Berkeley, a number of the points I make were developed.
    [Show full text]
  • A Tribute to the Honourable R. Gordon Robertson, P.C., C.C., LL.D., F.R.S.C., D.C.L
    A Tribute to The Honourable R. Gordon Robertson, P.C., C.C., LL.D., F.R.S.C., D.C.L. By Thomas d’Aquino MacKay United Church Ottawa January 21, 2013 Reverend Doctor Montgomery; members of the Robertson family; Joan - Gordon’s dear companion; Your Excellency; Madam Chief Justice; friends, I am honoured – and humbled – to stand before you today, at Gordon’s request, to pay tribute to him and to celebrate with you his remarkable life. He wished this occasion to be one, not of sadness, but of celebration of a long life, well lived, a life marked by devotion to family and to country. Gordon Robertson – a good, fair, principled, and ever so courteous man - was a modest person. But we here today know that he was a giant. Indeed, he has been described as his generation’s most distinguished public servant – and what a generation that was! Gordon was proud of his Saskatchewan roots. Born in 1917 in Davidson – a town of 300 “on the baldest prairie”, in Gordon’s words, he thrived under the affection of his Norwegian-American mother and grandparents. He met his father – of Scottish ancestry - for the first time at the age of two, when he returned home after convalescing from serious wounds suffered at the epic Canadian victory at Vimy Ridge. He was, by Gordon’s account, a stern disciplinarian who demanded much of his son in his studies, in pursuit of manly sports, and in his comportment. Gordon did not disappoint. He worked his way through drought- and depression-torn Saskatchewan, attended Regina College and the University of Saskatchewan, and in 1938 was on his way to Oxford University, a fresh young Rhodes Scholar.
    [Show full text]
  • The Search for Continental Security
    THE SEARCH FOR CONTINENTAL SECURITY: The Development of the North American Air Defence System, 1949 to 1956 By MATTHEW PAUL TRUDGEN A thesis submitted to the Department of History in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada September 12, 2011 Copyright © Matthew Paul Trudgen, 2011 Abstract This dissertation examines the development of the North American air defence system from the beginning of the Cold War until 1956. It focuses on the political and diplomatic dynamics behind the emergence of these defences, which included several radar lines such as the Distant Early Warning (DEW) Line as well as a number of initiatives to enhance co-operation between the United States Air Force (USAF) and the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). This thesis argues that these measures were shaped by two historical factors. The first was several different conceptions of what policy on air defence best served the Canadian national interest held by the Cabinet, the Department of External Affairs, the RCAF and the Other Government Departments (OGDs), namely Transport, Defence Production and Northern Affairs. For the Cabinet and External Affairs, their approach to air defence was motivated by the need to balance working with the Americans to defend the continent with the avoidance of any political fallout that would endanger the government‘s chance of reelection. Nationalist sentiments and the desire to ensure that Canada both benefited from these projects and that its sovereignty in the Arctic was protected further influenced these two groups. On the other hand, the RCAF was driven by a more functional approach to this issue, as they sought to work with the USAF to develop the best air defence system possible.
    [Show full text]
  • ''Six Mois A` Hanoi'': Marcel Cadieux, Canada, and The
    BRENDAN KELLY ‘‘Six mois a` Hanoi’’: Marcel Cadieux, Canada, and the International Commission for Supervision and Control in Vietnam, 1954–5 Abstract: Drawing on an unpublished memoir by Marcel Cadieux entitled ‘‘Six mois a` Hanoi,’’ this article offers the first biographical study of a Canadian diplomat to serve on the International Commission for Supervision and Control in Vietnam. It argues that Cadieux’s pioneering experience on that commission during its first months in 1954–5 shaped his pro-American views on the Vietnam War as under- secretary of state for external affairs between 1964 and 1970. It also uses Cadieux’s tenure in Hanoi as a lens through which to explore larger issues of both long-standing and more recent interest to Canadian international historians, including the bureaucratic culture of the Department of External Affairs, Canadian diplomacy’s relationship with the decolonizing countries of the Third World, and the role of race, culture, religion, and anti-communism in the making of Canadian foreign policy. Keywords: Marcel Cadieux, biography, Canada, Vietnam, diplomacy, Interna- tional Commission for Supervision and Control, Department of External Affairs, Cold War, Vietnam War, Third World, decolonization, communism, race, culture, religion Re´sume´ : S’appuyant sur un me´moire ine´dit de Marcel Cadieux intitule´ « Six mois a` Hanoi », l’auteur pre´sente la premie`re e´tude biographique d’un diplomate canadien ayant sie´ge´ a` la Commission internationale pour la surveillance et le controˆle au Vieˆt- Nam. Selon lui, l’expe´rience pionnie`re de Cadieux durant les premiers mois d’existence de cette commission, en 1954-1955, a fac¸onne´ ses opinions proame´ricaines au sujet de la guerre du Vieˆt-Nam alors qu’il e´tait sous-secre´taire d’E´tat aux Affaires exte´rieures, de 1964 a` 1970.
    [Show full text]
  • Proquest Dissertations
    UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Prize Possession: Literary Awards, the GGs, and the CanLit Nation by Owen Percy A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH CALGARY, ALBERTA JANUARY 2010 ©OwenPercy 2010 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington OttawaONK1A0N4 OttawaONK1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre inference ISBN: 978-0-494-64130-9 Our file Notre r6f6rence ISBN: 978-0-494-64130-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Nnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]