Latin Americana

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catalogue three hundred forty-two Latin Americana

William Reese Company 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511

(203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is made up entirely of material relating to Latin America, virtually none of which has appeared in our previous catalogues. It includes a vast collection of early Guatemalan imprints, mostly from the 19th century; a copy of Catherwood’s famous plate book on Mayan ruins; a superb collection of the first treaties of Mexico as a country; and a large collection of Nuevo León imprints. Very early exploration includes Peter Martyr’s 1534 report on the New World; Martin Herrera’s 1588 manuscript account of his services in the New World; the 1532 edition of Cortés’ second and third reports on the conquest of Mexico; Bordone’s 1528 work with the first map of Mexico City; Cieza de Leon’s 1554 account of Peru; and Oviedo’s 1535 account of the New World. There is a series of early Bolívar broadsides, a 1614 Lima imprint by Del Canto, and a large group of early Cuban imprints. Illustrated material includes the Mexican periodical La Orquesta; George Catlin plates based on his South American travels; Carl Nebel watercolors of Mexico (see cover illustration); Castro’s view book of Mexico; and Pallière’s early views of Buenos Aires. There is much else of note besides. Available on request or via our website are our recent catalogues 337 The Federal Era, 338 Western Americana, 339 Pacific Voyages, Australia & Asia, 341 Colonial Americana; bulletins 44 Photography, 45 Natural History; and 46 Manuscripts; e-lists (only available on our website) and many more topical lists. q

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On the cover: 101. [Nebel, Carl]: [Suite of Four Highly Accomplished Water- colors...]. Mexico. [1829-1834]. 1. [Abasolo, Juan Antonio, Fray]: FRAY JUAN ANTONIO, DE LA REGULAR OBSERVANCIA DE NUESTRO SERAPHICO PADRE SAN FRANCISCO...[caption title]. [Mexico. 1753]. 49,[1]pp. Folio. Con- temporary plain wrappers. Upper outer corners cut on a bias. Numerous contemporary manuscript annotations. A clean, crisp copy.

Fray Abasolo was the Father Provincial of the Franciscans in New Spain and here promulgates a series of documents relating to the papal concession granted to the order to reduce the number of masses it has committed to say for the souls. The order had accepted endowments to say masses in perpetuity, and was finding that it had committed to saying more masses than its resources could accomplish. One document contained herein lists specific endowments whose masses are being reduced. This copy has numerous and extensive manuscript additions ordered by Fray José de la Vallina, the Provincial Minister, instructing all priors of the Fran- ciscan convents to read this aloud, word for word, to the friars so that they fully understand its importance. MEDINA, MEXICO 4107. $975.

2. Alvarez de Abreu, Antonio Joseph: VICTIMA REAL LEGAL, DIS- CURSO UNICO JURIDICO-HISTORICO-POLITICO SOBRE QUE LAS VACANTES MAYORES Y MENORES DE LAS IGLE- SIAS DE LAS INDIAS OCCIDENTALES PERTENECEN A LA CORONA DE CASTILLA Y LEON CON PLENO Y ABSOLUTO DOMINIO.... Madrid. 1769. [36],374,[28]pp. Folio. Contemporary vellum, manuscript title on spine. Minor soiling. Very good plus.

Second edition, after the first of 1726. With years of administrative experience and the impressive title of Alcalde Visitador del Commercio entre Castilla, y las Indias, Don Antonio José Alvarez de Abreu (1683-1756) was clearly well prepared to write this important and rather influential treatise on ecclesiastical benefices in Spanish America, and on the concomitant question of Catholic church finances as relating to those benefices. Other topics also attract Abreu’s attention, including freedom of the seas, marriage, entailed estates (i.e. mayorazgos), war, and hegemony. The text is printed in columns along the inner margin, with extensive shoulder- and sidenotes making another column along the outer margin. Bibliographical references are included in the sidenotes, and the work also includes a comprehensive index. PALAU 9445. SABIN 76. MEDINA, BHA 2574 (1st ed). LeCLERC 2 (1st ed). $950.

3. [Argentina]: EL REY. CON REAL ÒRDEN DE PRIMERO DE DICIEMBRE PRÒXIMO PASADO REMITÌ À MI CONSEJO DE INDAS PARA SU COMPLIMIENTO EN LA PARTE QUE CORRESPONDE, COPIA DE REAL DECRETO QUE ME HA SERVIDO EXPEDIR CON FECHA DE VEINTE Y OCHO DE NOVIEMBRE ÙLTIMO, Y DE LA INSTRUCCION QUE AC- COMPAÑA [caption title]. [Buenos Aires. 1805]. 34pp. Folio. Dbd. Some tanning and dust soiling, scattered light foxing. Very good.

An early Buenos Aires imprint that conveys several royal decrees of the King of Spain, Charles IV. These decrees were originally issued in September 1804 and govern the sale of religious works in the Spanish colonies and give instructions for compliance. A rare piece of South American printing, not in OCLC. Medina claims to have owned a copy. MEDINA, RIO DE LA PLATA 285. $850.

4. [Argentina]: PROCLAMA DEL EXCMO. CABILDO AL VECINDARIO DE BUENOS-AYRES: EN SU CASA CONSISTO- RIAL PARA LA APERTURA DEL CONGRESO GENERAL QUE SE HIZO EL 22 DEL CORRIENTE [caption title]. [bound with:] UN HABITANTE DE BUENOS-AYRES A LOS DE MONTEVIDEO PROCLAMA [caption title]. Buenos Aires. 1810. 3; 3pp. Small quarto. Handsome modern calf, gilt. Each leaf neatly remargined on three sides with laid paper. Minor soiling. Very good.

Two early Buenos Aires imprints relating to the revolution in 1810, which was one of the first steps toward Argentine independence. Rare. MEDINA, RIO DE LE PLATA 764, 779. $750.

The United States Recognizes Argentina

5. [Argentina]: Rivadavia, Bernardo: Garcia, Manuel T.: MENSAGE DEL GOBIERNO A LA SALA DE REPRESENTANTES [caption title]. Buenos Aires. May 5, 1823. 4pp. Folio. Minor wear to top edge. Very good plus.

In this message to Congress, Interior Secretary Rivadavia and Treasury Secertary Garcia announce the recognition of Argentine independence by the United States and discuss relations with other South American countries. They also report to Congress on the condition of internal security and defense, the treasury, taxes, debt, medical sciences, etc. Rivadavia later served as the first president of the Provinces of Rio de la Plata, from 1826-27. Rare, with one copy in OCLC, at the British Library. $1500.

6. Arrangoiz y Berzabal, Francisco de: MANIFESTACION.... [New York]. 1855. 80pp. Contemporary mottled calf, gilt leather label. Minor shelf wear. Scattered soiling. Very good.

Very scarce work regarding unresolved financial issues as a result of the Mexican- American War. After the war Arrangoiz was commissioned by Santa Anna to act as a “special agent,” filling orders and accounts of land surrendered. Arrangoiz re- portedly attempted to collect the standard commission fee for these services. Santa Anna refused to pay, slandering his name. Manifestacion... is Arrangoiz’s public refutation of Santa Anna’s conduct, including correspondence with Santa Anna and Juan Almonte regarding settling of accounts, internally and with the United States. PALAU 17336. $1000.

Important Work on the Brazilian Sugar Trade

7. Azeredo Coutinho, Jose Joaquim de Cunha de: ENSAIO ECONOM- ICO SOBRE O COMERCIO DE PORTUGAL E SUAS COLO- NIAS. Lisbon. 1794. [8],iii,153,[4]pp. Half title. Small quarto. 19th-century black polished calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, leather label. Bookplate of John Carter Brown on front pastedown, with his ink stamp on fourth leaf. Some light soiling on half title, else internally clean. Very good. Untrimmed.

The scarce first edition of the “best known work by Azeredo Coutinho, the controversial figure of the Brazilian Enlightenment” (Borba de Moraes). Azeredo Coutinho (1742-1821) was a “member of the new rich sugar aristocracy of the Campos dos Goitacazes in Rio de Janeiro, [who] held many important ecclesiastical posts in Brazil and in Portugal and repeatedly prodded the government to undertake reforms that would benefit the economies of both the kingdom and her most vital colony. Thus, in 1791 he strongly opposed new price restrictions on sugar, arguing that higher prices would allow Brazilians to buy more goods from Portugal. Three years later he published a series of reform proposals in ‘An Economic Essay on the Commerce of Portugal and Her Colonies,’ in which he revived the century-old argument that the ‘true mines’ of Brazil were her agricultural resources, not the gold placers which had produced illusory gains” (Cambridge History). Like many works of this time period, this piece was probably written in Brazil and then printed in Lisbon, as there was no printing press in Brazil itself until 1808. An interesting look at the economics of the sugar trade in Brazil. BORBA DE MORAES, p.309. SABIN 17949. Cambridge History of Latin America II, pp.657-58. $3750.

8. [Baja California]: THE LOWER CALIFORNIAN. No. 2. Vol. 1. Mag- dalena Bay, Lower California. Nov. 10, 1870. [4]pp. on a folded folio sheet, including a map on the final page. Small tape repair in foredge of first leaf. A bit of offsetting from the masthead and the map. Near fine. In a half morocco and cloth folding case, spine gilt.

The second and final issue of this scarce Baja California newspaper, of which only two issues were ever published. Meant to be published weekly, the first issue was dated Oct. 12, 1870 and was followed by the present number. It was published by the “exploring and colonizing expedition of the Lower California Co., at the (projected) City of Cortez Magdalena Bay Lower California.” The map shows the California coast from San Francisco south to the tip of Baja, with steamship routes and the location of Magdalena Bay. The text records the comings and goings of steamships, improvements taking place at the colony, advantages available to settlers, testimonials as to the veracity of the text, advertisements, and an ad promising free land to the first 1,000 colonists. “A curious Baja California item...quite typical of a great deal of promotional literature and ephemera which appeared during the 1870’s and 1880’s” – Barrett. BARRETT 1525. $600.

Issued the Day Before the Declaration of Independence

9. Balcarce, Antonio Gonzalez: PROCLAMA. CIUDADANOS! QUAN- DO LOS ARMAS DE UNA NACION QUE AHORA ES AMIGA INVADIERON ESTA CIUDAD EN EL AÑO DE 1806...[first few lines of text]. Buenos Aires. June 8, 1816. Folio broadsheet. Tape on small portion of top and bottom edge. Minor wear. Very good.

Published the day before the declaration of independence, this rare broadsheet warns the citizens of an impending invasion, detailing the shipment of arms from Portugal and the mustering of an expedition of five hundred men in Rio de Janeiro. $1350.

Only Known Copy of a Patriotic Hymn Celebrating Venezuelan National Independence, by the Author of the National Anthem

10. Bello, Andrés: CANCION PATRIOTICA DE CARACAS [text begins]. Caracas: Gallagher y Lamb, 1810. Broadside, 12¼ inches. Worming in foremargin repaired. Very good.

In the days immediately following the coup that deposed the Captain General and began the long process of independence, Andrés Bello, Venezuela’s great poet, collaborated with Cayetano Carreño, “Maestro de Capilla” of the main church of Caracas cathedral, in the composing of several “patriotic songs.” One of those early efforts became the national anthem of Venezuela. This is one that did not. It begins: “Caraqueños, otra época empieza: / De la gloria la senda se abrio.” It was sung for the first time by Cayetano Carreño and six other voices on the night of April 23, 1810, three days after the coup, with the accompaniment of the military orchestra of the “Batallon Veterano.” The performance took place below the balcony on which were assembled the members of the Supreme Junta. In addition to the historic collaboration of Bello and Carreño, this fabulous document has the distinction of having been printed by Venezuela’s first press, that of Gallagher and Lamb, which arrived in Caracas in October 1808, and was almost certainly printed on April 24, the day after the hymn was first sung. This broadside seems to be completely unrecorded. It was unknown to imprint bibliographers Medina and Pedro Grases. Searches of NUC and OCLC fail to find any copy at all, as is the case when searching the OPACs of the national libraries of Venezuela, Colombia, Spain, France, and England. A stirring Revolutionary moment, by Venezuela’s first great poet. $27,500.

With the Section on Florida

11. Benzoni, Girolamo: NOVAE NOVI ORBIS HISTORIAE, ID EST, RERUM AB HISPANIS IN INDIA OCCIDENTALI HACTENUS GESTARUM...LIBRI TRES, URBANI CALVETONIS OPERA...EX ITALICIS...LATINI FACTI...HIS AB EODEM ADJUNCTA EST, DE GALLORUM IN FLORIDAM EXPEDITIONE, & INSIGNI HISPANORUM IN EOS SAEVITIAE EXEMPLO, BREVIS HIS- TORIA. [Geneva]: Eustatium Vignon, 1581. [32],480,[12]pp. 20th-century half calf and boards, spine gilt. Head of spine slightly chipped, corners rubbed. Titlepage backed with tissue. Light soiling and contemporary inscription on titlepage, later ink stamp on verso. Light dampstaining in lower corner of several leaves. Good.

Second Latin edition, after the first of 1578, of Benzoni’s important early account of the New World, translated from the first edition printed in Italian in 1565. Benzoni’s history is the first significant work on the Americas based on firsthand observations by a non-Spaniard, and was one of the most widely disseminated texts of its day. This edition also includes the Latin translation of Nicolas Le Chailleux’s Discours de l’Histoire de la Floride, first published in Dieppe in 1565, an account of the French expedition to Florida in the mid-16th century. Born in Milan, Benzoni spent fourteen years travelling through the Americas, beginning in 1541. He was familiar with the Antilles, Guatemala, and the west coast of South America, and provides descriptions of these regions, as well as a history of the New World from the arrival of Columbus to the conquest of Peru. The work is also notable for containing an early account of the use of tobacco. Engaged in commerce, Benzoni quickly developed an intense enmity for the Spanish and their administration, and he treats them quite unfavorably in his text. He denounces the Spanish for their treatment of the Indians (in contrast, a good portion of the text describes Indian life before it became corrupted by European contact), and the author is also critical of the Spanish for their importation of slaves to America. “[The work] contains interesting details about the countries he visited, but abounds in errors and often in intentional misstatements. What Benzoni states about the Antilles is a clumsy rehash of Las Casas. His reports on the conquests of Mexico and Peru bristle with errors” – Catholic Encyclopedia. Despite these inaccuracies, the wide distribution of his book made Benzoni the single most influential figure in describing the New World to Europe in the mid-16th century. His work went through many printings, though Arents notes that “it appears never to have been permitted to circulate in Spain.” Its final and perhaps most influential version was as parts IV-VI of De Bry’s Grand Voyages, where its anti-Spanish slant helped to advance the “Black Legend” of Spanish depravity in the New World. An important early first-hand account of the Americas. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 581/4. SABIN 4792n. MEDINA, BHA 263. ADAMS B686. ARENTS 25-a. JCB (3)I:283. $2000.

An Early Novel with American Themes

12. Bissel, Johannes: ARGONAUTICON AMERICANORUM, SIVE, HISTORIAE PERICULORUM PETRI DE VICTORIA.... Munich: L. Straub for J. Wagner, 1647. [23],480,[12]pp. plus single-page map and plate. 12mo. Contemporary vellum, lacking string ties. Vellum lightly soiled. Occasional faint, old tideline. Very good.

This book is often described as the first Latin edition of Pedro Gobeo de Victoria’s Naufragio y Peregrinatio, first published in Seville in 1610, but it is in fact a novel which uses that work as a basis. The author was a Jesuit, and the thread of this story runs through Jesuit missions in America and along the Amazon. The map, after Ortelius, depicts the western hemisphere. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 647/28. BORBA DE MORAES, p.108. SABIN 99443. MEDINA, BHA 1094. JCB (3)II:360. PALAU 102964. DeBACKER & SOMMERVOGEL 1514-1515. BELL V112. $675.

Bolívar Announces He Is Appointing Himself Dictator for Life

13. Bolívar, Simón: SIMON BOLIVAR LIBERTADOR PRESIDENTE DE COLOMBIA &c&c&c. COLOMBIANOS! LAS VOLUNTADES PUBLICAS SE HABIAN ESPRESADO ENERJICAMENTE POR LAS REFORMAS POLITICAS DE LA NACION...[caption title and first line of text]. Bogotá. Aug. 27, 1828. [1]p. plus integral blank. [with:] SIMON BOLIVAR LIBERTADOR PRESIDENTE DE LA REPUB- LICA DE COLOMBIA...DECRETO ORGÁNICO...[caption title]. [4]pp. Folio. Old creases. Minor soiling. Very good plus. In a half morocco and cloth box, leather labels.

An extremely rare broadside printing of Bolívar’s declaration of dictatorial powers, addressed to the people of Gran Colom- bia, together with the Decreto Orgánico issued by him, outlining the organization of his new government. The two documents – bearing the same watermark, folds, and publication date – appear to have been issued together to the Trea- sury; a contemporary hand has written “Tesoreria” on the first leaf, and the wear patterns suggest that they have been kept together for some time. Simón Bolívar was already president and founding hero of Gran Colombia (present-day Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and parts of Peru). In Febru- ary 1827, with the nation floundering and on the point of fragmentation, Bolívar had proposed resigning his position as president, claiming he had no desire for dictatorial control. The Congress rejected his resignation. After a failed constitutional convention in the summer of 1828, Bolívar declared himself, by this decree, dictator for life, in what was intended as a temporary measure to maintain unification. In the first document Bolívar addresses the “Colombianos,” explaining his reasoning for the extraordinary measures granting him absolute power over the government. He also assures his countrymen that he will not remain a dictator any longer than necessary, but in the meantime pledges to “commit myself to obey strictly your le- gitimate desires” (in translation). The second document, the Decreto Orgánico, lays out six articles granting Bolívar absolute power. Both are signed in type by Bolívar. Although the text of these important proclamations was anthologized at an early date and has frequently been republished, copies are exceedingly scarce on the market. We were able to locate only one institutional copy of each, at the John Carter Brown Library. PALAU 32190. POSADA, BOGOTANA 1042. $17,500.

Bolívar Outlines How His Dictatorship Will Work

14. Bolívar, Simón: SIMON BOLIVAR LIBERTADOR PRESIDENTE DE LA REPÙBLICA DE COLOMBIA etc. etc. etc. DEBIENDO ARREGLARSE EL RÉJIMEN POLITICO I ECONOMICO DE LA REPÙBLICA CONFORME À LAS BACES QUE CONTIENE EL TITULO 4o. DEL DECRETO ORGÀNICO DE 27 AGOSTO ULTIMO, OIDO DICTAMEN DEL CONSEJO DE ESTADO DE- CRETO...[first few lines of text]. Bojaca, Colombia. Dec. 23, 1828. Folio broadsheet. Minor soiling. Near fine.

Simón Bolívar had long dreamed of uniting his new republics (which he had wrested by force from the King- dom of Spain) by establishing a government modeled after that of the United States. By 1826, however, Gran Colom- bia’s twelve departments were proving more and more difficult to govern. In an effort to preserve his dream he decided a more centralized form of government would be necessary. A congress was convened in April 1828 in order to write a new constitution. The convention nearly succeeded in implementing a federal style government that would have greatly reduced Bolívar’s political power. Bolívar’s supporters withdrew in protest, leaving the congress dead in the water. In response, Bolívar proclaimed himself dictator through the Decree of Dictatorship on Aug. 27, 1828, consider- ing it a temporary measure. Following his proclamation, Colombian Secretary of the Interior José Manuel Restrepo released the present decree. The decree outlines the structure and function of the government as authorized by the Aug. 27, 1828 Decree of Dictatorship containing a total of twenty-two articles. Article one states that the territories of the Republic will remain in the present jurisdictions and will retain their names. However, the government retains the right to combine two or more areas into a single jurisdiction. The rest of the articles outline the appointment of prefects and their authorities of rule, including powers of legislation, command of police, and issuing of prison sentences and fines. $4500.

The First Bolivian Constitution

15. [Bolivia]: CONSTITUCION DE LA REPUBLICA BOLIVIANA REIMPRESA DE ORDEN DEL SUPREMO GOBIERNO.... Chuquisaca: Imprenta Boliviana, May 30, 1827. [2],33pp. In Spanish. Pages 17 and 21 reversed due to printer’s error. Gathered signatures, stitched. Cleri- cal ink inscription (“763 G.R.M.”) in inner margin of titlepage. Minor light staining. Very good. Untrimmed. In a half morocco box.

The extremely rare second and last official edition of Bolivia’s first constitution, after the slightly less rare first edition of 1826. In 1825, Upper Peru became the final South American republic to secure its independence from Spain under the leadership of Simón Bolívar, renaming itself Bolivia in his honor. Bolívar himself drafted this first constitution of the country in 1825 and handed power to Gen. Antonio José de Sucre as president for life. The constitution was accepted by the second Bolivian congress in 1826, and Sucre accepted his appointment, but only for two years, with the provision that two thousand Colombian troops should remain with him in La Paz. In late 1827, after repeated uprisings, Sucre and his army were driven from the capital, and the constitution was changed the following year. This second edition, which bears a serious printer’s error in the section on the president, is especially scarce and not recorded by Palau. OCLC records the imprint but locates no copies. RENÉ-MORENO, BIBLIOTECA BOLIVIANA 763. $3750. 16. Bolton, Herbert E. [editor]: ATHANASE DE MEZIERES AND THE LOUISIANA-TEXAS FRONTIER 1768 – 1780: DOCUMENTS PUBLISHED FOR THE FIRST TIME, FROM THE ORIGINAL SPANISH AND FRENCH MANUSCRIPTS, CHIEFLY IN THE ARCHIVES OF MEXICO AND SPAIN; TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH.... Cleveland: The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1914. Two volumes. 351; 392pp., including illustrations and folding map. Frontispiece in each volume. Red cloth, gilt, t.e.g. Slight wear to covers, corners bumped. Very good.

Prints important documents for the history of the Southwest never before published. HOWES B584, “aa.” BASIC TEXAS BOOKS 41. CLARK & BRUNET 23. $750.

17. [Bolton, Herbert, translator & editor]: Kino, Eusebio, Father: KINO’S HISTORICAL MEMOIR OF PIMERIA ALTA: A CONTEMPO- RARY ACCOUNT OF THE BEGINNINGS OF CALIFORNIA, SONORA, AND ARIZONA, BY FATHER EUSEBIO FRANCISCO KINO, S.J., PIONEER MISSIONARY EXPLORER, CARTOGRA- PHER, AND RANCHMAN, 1683 – 1711. Cleveland: The Arthur H. Clark Company, 1919. Two volumes. 379; 329pp., including maps and plates. Frontispiece in each volume. Red cloth, gilt, t.e.g. Extremities lightly rubbed. First volume lightly dampstained, affecting cloth along bottom front cover and text along bottom and foredge. Otherwise quite clean. About very good.

One of 500 sets bound for the Arthur H. Clark Company. One of the most basic narratives of early discovery and exploration in the Southwest. Kino’s narrative spans the period from 1683 to 1711 and includes narratives of explorations in Arizona, around the Gulf of California, and in California itself. “First publication of the original Jesuit manuscript; of grave value on the early southwest” – Howes. The third and fourth volumes in the “Spain in the West” series. HOWES K169. CLARK & BRUNET 139. ADAMS HERD 1282. $750.

A Cornerstone Americanum

18. Bordone, Benedetto: LIBRO DI BENEDETTO BORDONNE NEL QUAL SI RAGIONA DE TUTTE L’ISOLE DEL MONDO.... Ven- ice: Nicolo Zoppino, 1528. [10],73 leaves including four double-page maps and two single-page maps, and numerous woodcut maps and plans in the text. A few leaves misnumbered. Titlepage printed in red and black. Folio. Later vellum over boards, leather ties. Light wear and soiling to titlepage. Several early leaves trimmed a bit close at bottom edge. Several leaves with contemporary marginal manuscript annotations. Some light dampstaining to text. Very good.

The first edition of one of the earliest and most comprehensive works on the islands of the world, and a tremendous achievement of world cartography. Compared to the first work on world islands, or “Isolario,” by Sonetti (circa 1485), which contained only forty-nine maps, the 105 maps and plans included in Bordone’s effort mark a dramatic improvement in the attempt to map all known islands. Because of the rapid advances being made in the exploration of the New World, Bordone was able to include new cartographic representations of the north coast of South America, a substantial portion of New World island groups, and a new, dramatic rendering of the entire world. The map of the unnamed north coast of South America represents an early close illustration of what the Spanish referred to as “Terra Firma” and what would later comprise a large portion of the Spanish Main. Only four place names are given on the mainland: “Chanchite,” “Cuztana,” “Mazatambal,” and “Paria,” located in the Guianas. To the north lie Jamaica and Hispaniola, along with a cluster of other, most likely fictional, islands. The surrounding text describes Columbus’ forays in the region, a menacing island of cannibals, and more. The West Indies and other islands off the coast of the Americas are treated in considerable detail. Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Guadeloupe, and Martinique are each represented in a separate map, while two additional maps of island groups show Antigua, St. Martin, Santo Domingo, Rodonda, Montserrat, a fictional island representation of Brazil, and others. Like many works of this genre, the text includes lengthy treatments of each island, complete with brief histories and fantastical myths. The famous oval world map shows all of the known regions of the globe. Europe, Africa, and Asia Major are clearly labeled; but North and South America remain “terra del laboratore” and “ponete modo novo (part of the new world)” respectively, despite following by twenty-one years Martin Waldseemüller’s assertion that the new lands ought to be called “America” after Amerigo Vespucci. The map of “Ci- ampagu” is considered by some to be the earliest known map of Japan printed in Europe. “For a long time Bordone’s world map was cited as the first drawn on an oval projection, prior to the discovery of Francesco Rosselli’s map of c. 1508 using this form of construction. References within Bordone’s book indicate that he had been occupied on its compilation for many years prior to publication....His 1528 map is undoubtedly based on Rosselli’s oval one although there are several points of difference; for instance the omission of all antarctic lands and the separation of Asia and America. Rosselli’s truncated form of South America is retained” – Shirley. Bordone did not limit himself to the creation of excellent maps for the use of contemporary navigators and explorers. The view of Mexico City, captioned “La Gran Citta di Temistitan,” is one of the best early representations of the city, originally surrounded by water, before its destruction by Cortés. Numerous similar efforts that followed Bordone’s work displayed an increasingly insular view of the North American continent, making his publication considerably accurate for its time. A beautifully produced book and a cornerstone of early Americana. HARRISSE 145. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 528/2. SABIN 6417. SANZ 1003. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.98-99. PHILLIPS ATLASES 162. JCB (3)I:98-99. SHIRLEY, MAPPING OF THE WORLD 59. KRAUS, WORLD ENCOMPASSED 83. BUR- DEN, MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA 8. SUAREZ, SHEDDING THE VEIL 18. LeCLERC 181. RODRIGUES 426-27. $35,000.

19. Bravo de Lagunas y Castilla, Pedro Joseph: DISCURSO HISTORICO JURIDICO DEL ORIGEN, FUNDACION, REEDIFICACION, DERECHOS, Y EXENCIONES DEL HOSPITAL DE SAN LAZ- ARO DE LIMA. Lima: Oficina de los Huerphanos, 1761. [34],272pp. Several errors in pagination. Small quarto. Contemporary vellum, spine lettered. Remnants of pigskin ties. Minor soiling. Small worm hole running throughout, minutely affecting some portions of text. Very good.

The first edition of this interesting medical work. The work refers to the history and foundation of the Hospital de San Lazaro (founded 1563), which was devoted to “take [in] the leprous who are not slaves.” It provides a complete description of the relations between the Church and the Hospital, as well as medical data about leprosy and its spread. Curiously enough, chapter six is dedicated to bullfighting in Peru, presumably due to the fact that bullfighting was a way of financing the Hospital’s expenses. Only a handful of copies on OCLC. SABIN 7462. MEDINA, LIMA 1169. PALAU 34802. OCLC 14313147. $3000.

Prohibiting the Enslavement of Native Peoples in Brazil, 1755

20. [Brazil]: DOM JOSEPH POR GRAÇA DE DEOS REY DE POR- TUGAL...FAÇO SABER AOS QUE ESTA LEY VIREM, QUE, MANDANDO EXAMINAR PELAS PESLOAS DO MEU CON- CELHO, E POR OUTROS MINISTROS DOUTOS...[first few lines of text]. [Lisbon? 1755]. 12pp. Folio. Dbd. Minor soiling. Near fine.

This law is an interesting example of the type affecting South American indigenous populations and was very liberal for the time. This significant ruling was intended to favor the Companhia Geral do Grão-Pará e Maranhão, which had been established in 1755 by the Marquis of Pombal as a monopolistic trading company. It was given commercial control of the northern region of Brazil, employing imported slave labor rather than impressed indigenous labor. This law was one of the numerous laws passed in Portugal affecting the company’s operations, the effect of which was to liberate the indigenous population of Grão Pará and Maranhão in present northern Brazil. The law was also calculated to vastly reduce the power and influence of the Jesuit missions and secularize the indigenous society by passing control of the region to the company. The Pombaline Reforms, including the establishment of this company, were a series of reforms with the goal of making Portugal an eco- nomically self-sufficient and commercially strong nation, by expanding Brazilian territory, streamlining the administration of colonial Brazil, and reforming fiscal and economic matters. The Jesuits were finally officially ejected from Brazil in 1759 as part of this movement. The text is divided into four sections. The preamble justifies the law, followed by a section which includes extracts from the law that freed the indigenous people; this is followed by the law which declared indigenous people could work for whomever they pleased and the law of 1611, which freed all indigenous people who were slaves. Not in Borba de Moraes or Sabin. GAUZ 1755/22. $1250.

One of the First Voyages Printed in America

21. Bulkeley, John, and John Cummins: A VOYAGE TO THE SOUTH SEAS, IN THE YEARS 1740-1. CONTAINING A FAITHFUL NARRATIVE OF THE LOSS OF HIS MAJESTY’S SHIP THE THE [sic] WAGER ON A DESOLATE ISLAND.... London, Printed; Philadelphia, Reprinted. 1757. xxxii,306 [i.e. 296]pp. (pp. 257-266 omitted from pagination, as issued). Pp. 193-200, 305/306 are in facsimile. Antique- style calf, gilt leather label. Top of titlepage torn away and repaired, not affecting text; institutional ink stamps, light soiling. Top portion of second leaf torn away, first four lines of text in expert facsimile; contemporary manuscript note, later ink stamp. Top corner of penultimate leaves repaired. Library stamps scattered throughout, light to moderate foxing and soiling. Good.

First American edition of this prime source for the wreck of the Wager off the coast of Chile, beyond the Straits of Magellan. The ship, with Anson’s fleet, was en route to harass the Spanish. Bulkeley, the ship’s carpenter, and Cummins led the small group of survivors until their landing at Rio de Janeiro and finally England, concluding a voyage that had lasted almost two years. Bulkeley settled in Pennsylvania and arranged for the publication of this edition, after the first of 1743. It is the first major voyage to be published in the British colonies. The work contains the narrative of Isaac Morris, one of the members of the Wager’s crew left in Patagonia, on pages 244-303, as well as a long list of subscribers in the colonies. This American edition is uncommon in commerce. HUNTRESS 50C. HILL 211. EVANS 7859. SABIN 9109. HILDEBURN 1519. ESTC W29694. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.133-35 (ref ). $1000.

22. Calatayud y Borda, Cypriano Geronimo de: ORACION FUNEBRE QUE EN LAS SOLEMNES EXEQUIAS DE LA R.M. MARIA AN- TONIA DE SAN JOSEPH LARREA, ARISPE, DE LOS REYES: QUATRO VECES MINISTRA EN EL MONASTERIO DE TRINI- TARIAS DESCALZAS DE ESTA CIUDAD DE LIMA.... Lima: En la Imprenta de los Huerfanos, 1783. [116],144pp. Small quarto. Contemporary vellum, remnants of printed paper label. Light soiling to titlepage. Minor scattered soiling and foxing. Slight worming in center of text block, minutely affecting text. Corners trimmed from two leaves toward front. Good.

Funerary work for Maria Antonio de San Josepha (1718-81), which includes a labyrinth poem in the shape of a cross, printed in black, red, and green. Only six copies on OCLC. MEDINA, LIMA 1542. VARGAS UGARTE 2321. PALAU 39594. OCLC 77630191, 166611610, 55238516. $2000.

The Mission: Important History of the Jesuits in Paraguay

23. Cardenas, Bernardino de: COLECCION GENERAL DE DOC- UMENTOS, TOCANTES A LA PERSECUCION, QUE LOS REGULARES DE LA COMPAÑIA SUSCITARON Y SIGUIER- ON TENÀZMENTE POR MEDIO DE SUS JUECES CONSER- VADORES, Y GANADO ALGUNOS MINISTROS SECULARES DESDE 1644 HASTA 1660. Madrid: En la Imprenta Real de la Gaceta, 1768. Two volumes. [4],lvii,[3],387; [8],84,283pp. Quarto. Contemporary vellum, manuscript title on spines. Scattered light foxing and soiling, an occasional tideline. Very good.

The first two volumes of this set, complete in and of themselves; two further volumes were published in 1770. An important history of Paraguay under the Jesuits. The Bolivian-born Cardenas was Bishop of Paraguay in the mid-17th century. A Franciscan, he clashed with the Society repeatedly during his career. When he was finally elected governor of Paraguay, he ordered the expulsion of the Jesuits from that province. Some of the earliest and most effective Jesuit Reductions were in Paraguay, and the order was quite effective there. “A valuable production, containing a great amount of information on the condition of Paraguay under the Jesuits” – Rich (quoted in Sabin). SABIN 10803. PALAU 56511. $2500.

An Important Work on Nahuatl

24. Carochi, Horacio: COMPENDIO DEL ARTE DE LA LENGUA MEXICANA. Mexico. 1759. [24],202pp. plus engraved frontis. Contem- porary limp vellum, pigskin ties, manuscript lettering on spine. Minor wear, internally clean and fresh. Near fine.

Second edition. An abridgement of this important Nahuatl grammar, first published in 1645; the first edition is extraordinarily rare, and this is the first obtainable edition. The author was a Jesuit priest. This second edition is translated by Ignacio de Paredes, the foremost 18th-century scholar of Nahuatl. This handsome volume was produced by one of Mexico’s best 18th-century presses and begins with one of the most famous colonial-era engravings, signed by Zapata, showing St. Ignatius above a tableau representing the peoples of the world. A lovely copy. MEDINA, MEXICO 4534. PALAU 44871. SABIN 10954. $3250.

Printed by the Second Printer in the New World

25. Carpenter, Edwin H.: A SIXTEENTH CENTURY MEXICAN BROADSIDE. Los Angeles: The Plantin Press, 1965. 14pp. plus printed form (completed in manuscript) in pocket. Folio. Half cloth and paper boards. Minor soiling to boards. Fine.

A 16th-century Mexican broadsheet from the collection of Dr. Emilio Valton, in the extremely rare book with explanatory text by Edwin Carpenter. The piece present here is a carta de poder (or power of attorney) form accomplished, printed on Nov. 5, 1587 in Mexico City by the second printer in the New World, Pedro Ocharte. Ocharte took over the press from Juan Pablos and operated it until 1592. Valton owned a total of thirty-nine pre-1600 broadsheets. This represents virtually the only chance to own an example from the first press in the New World. $2000.

With the Famous Kickapoo Indian Plate

26. Castro, Casimiro; J. Campillo; L. Auda; and Y.G. Rodriguez: MÉXI- CO Y SUS ALREDEDORES. COLECCION DE MONUMENTOS, TRAJES Y PAISAJES...SEGUNDA EDICION, AUMENTADA... / MEXICO ET SES ENVIRONS. COLLECTION DE VUES, MON- UMENTS ET COSTUMES...SECONDE ÉDITION, AUGMEN- TÉE.... Mexico: Imprenta Lithografica de Decaen, 1864 [but ca. 1867]. Letterpress title and 70pp. letterpress text, in two columns in Spanish and French. Folding lithographed map of Mexico City, tinted lithographed title, and forty-six lithographic views on forty-two leaves (twelve color lithographed, thirty-four tinted, many finished with hand-coloring). Large folio. Expertly bound to style in half red morocco and brown cloth, marbled endpapers, spine gilt. Very good.

A highly significant Mexican lithographic production and a wonderful window on 19th-century life in Mexico City. This example includes the rare map of Mexico City and the Kickapoo Indians plate. There are many issues of this work, with varying numbers and qualities of plates. The work was originally issued by subscription starting in 1855, and the first bound copies became available in 1856. It is almost certain that from the beginning the book was published as demanded by the marketplace, consequently there are no formal “editions” in the proper sense. Over the years individual plates were completely modified in accordance with physical changes to a site (as an example, at one point the plate depicting the home of Emperor Iturbide changes completely to a different perspective). Copies are reported to have anywhere from twenty-eight to fifty-two plates, and a very few examples (including the present) contain a map of Mexico. The dates found on different copies add to the confusion, especially since up to three different dates can be found in some copies. In a recent study of Castro’s work, Casimiro Castro y Su Taller (1996), a census of copies of Mexico y Sus Alrededores is given, listing the various recorded combinations of dates. The present example is dated 1867 on the binding, 1864 on the letterpress titlepage (where it is stated as the second edition), and 1863-64 on the lithographic titlepage. The plates are of the highest quality and depict scenes throughout the Mexi- can capital, including the cathedral of Guadalupe, Iturbide’s mansion, Mexican señoritas, the College of Mines, Paseo de Bucareli, the Alameda of Mexico (with an air balloon towering above), Paseo de la Viga, and the sumptuous interior of the national cathedral, among many other beautiful scenes. Of great importance in the present example is the color plate titled “Indios Kikapoos,” a rarely-found image depicting eleven members of Kickapoo tribesmen, including a runaway Texas slave, being presented at the court of the Austrian Archduke and Emperor of Mexico Maximilian in 1865. The Kickapoo sought to avoid involvement with the Confederacy or Union in the Civil War and pleaded for asylum from Texans who were on the war path against them. The origin of the name Kickapoo (“he moves about”) certainly fits the history of this interesting people, who more than most any other North American tribe have retained their cultural identity and practices despite geographic fluctuations and myriad alliances. The Kickapoo tribe is the only tribe that never surrendered to or signed any kind of peace treaty with the United States. They were granted the right to cross the border at will. The present lithograph of the Kickapoos has been suggested as the first lithograph made from a photograph in Mexico at the time. Close examination reveals the image to be a lithographic combination of realism and artistic imagination and the image was likely partially based on a photograph by François Aubert (1839-1900). Mathes describes this book as “the most important work illustrating Mexico City in the nineteenth century,” and it is certainly a landmark in the history of the lithographer’s art in Mexico. McGrath adds: “These are some of the finest and most famous architectural and costume plates done in the western hemisphere.” ABBEY 672 (1855-57 ed). COLAS 547. LIPPERHEIDE Md17. MATHES, MEXICO ON STONE, pp.29-30. McGRATH, pp.86-87. Monsivais, et al, Casimiro Castro y Su Taller, pp.135-55 and passim. PALAU 167505. SABIN 48590 (1856 ed). $15,000.

The Most Magnificent Plate Book on Mayan Monuments

27. Catherwood, Frederick: VIEWS OF ANCIENT MONUMENTS IN CENTRAL AMERICA, CHIAPAS AND YUCATAN. London: F. Catherwood, 1844. [2],24pp. plus chromolithographed title by Owen Jones printed in red, blue, and gold; lithographic map printed in red and black; and twenty-five tinted lithographic plates after Catherwood. Folio. Publisher’s half green morocco and moiré cloth boards, titled in gilt “Catherwood’s Views / in Central America / Chiapas and Yucatan” at center of upper cover, titled in gilt on spine, yellow endpapers. Very good.

“In the whole range of literature on the Maya there has never appeared a more magnificent work” – Von Hagen. This beautiful and rare plate book was printed in an edition of 300 copies. It is seldom found in presentable condition, and it is one of the first and primary visual records of the rediscovery of Mayan civilization. Until the publication of the work of Alfred Maudslay at the turn of the century, this was the greatest record of Mayan iconography. Frederick Catherwood was a British architect and artist with a strong interest in archaeology. These combined talents led him to accompany American traveller and explorer John Lloyd Stephens on two trips to the Mayan region of southern Mexico in 1839 and 1841. These explorations resulted in Stephens’ two famous works, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan and Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. These immensely popular books, foundation stones in Mayan studies, were both illustrated by Catherwood and inspired him to undertake the larger portfolio. Catherwood’s Views was produced in London, although issued with both London and New York titlepages. Catherwood recruited some of the most distinguished lithographers in London to translate his originals onto stone: Andrew Picken, Henry Warren, William Parrott, John C. Bourne, Thomas Shotter Boys, and George Bel- ton Moore. The beautiful titlepage was executed by Owen Jones. Three hundred sets were produced, most of them tinted, as in the present copy (there is a colored issue on card stock, which is exceedingly rare). The views depict monuments and buildings at Copan, Palenque, Uxmal, Las Monjas, Chichen Itza, Tulum, and several scattered sights. The work of Stephens and Catherwood received great praise, but neither lived to enjoy it long. Stephens died in 1852 of malaria contracted in Colombia, and Catherwood went down on a steamship in the North Atlantic in 1854. “Catherwood belongs to a species, the artist-archaeologist, which is all but extinct. Piranesi was the most celebrated specimen and Catherwood his not unworthy successor” – Aldous Huxley. Not in Abbey. PALAU 50290. SABIN 11520. TOOLEY 133 (with a list of the plates). Von Hagen, Search for the Maya, pp.320-24. GROCE & WALLACE, p.115. HILL 263 (ref ). $58,500.

28. Catherwood, Frederick: GENERAL VIEW OF LAS MONJAS AT UXMAL. [Plate 8]. London: Published by Vizetely Brothers & Co., 1844. Tinted lithograph. Sheet size: 14 3/8 x 21 1/8 inches. Very good.

This beautiful and rare lithograph, from Catherwood’s Views of Ancient Monuments in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan, is one of the first and primary visual records of the rediscovery of Mayan civilization. “In the whole range of literature on the Maya there has never appeared a more magnificent work” – Von Hagen. Frederick Catherwood was a British architect and artist with a strong interest in archaeology. These combined talents led him to accompany American traveller and explorer John Lloyd Stephens on two trips to the Mayan region of southern Mexico in 1839 and 1841. These explorations resulted in Stephens’ two famous works, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan and Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. These immensely popular books, foundation stones in Mayan studies, were both illustrated by Catherwood and inspired him to undertake the series of larger lithographs. The Views was produced in London, where Catherwood recruited Andrew Picken to translate his originals onto stone. Three hundred copies were produced. “Catherwood belongs to a species, the artist-archaeologist, which is all but extinct. Piranesi was the most celebrated specimen and Catherwood his not unworthy successor” – Aldous Huxley. Las Monjas (the nunnery) at Uxmal was named by the Spanish, who were reminded by the layout and care to detail of Spanish cloisters. It may have been a Mayan place of worship, possibly a cemetery. It is comprised of a quadrangle, perfectly proportioned, and embellished with sculpted friezes rich in Mayan religious imagery. Uxmal, an ancient Mayan city, in present-day Yucatan, is in the town of Santa Elena. SABIN 11520. TOOLEY 133 (with a list of plates). Von Hagen, Frederick Catherwood (1950), pp.91-95. PALAU 50290. GROCE & WALLACE, p.115. HILL 263. $1700.

29. Catherwood, Frederick: ORNAMENT OVER THE GATEWAY OF THE GREAT TEOCALLIS, UXMAL. [Plate 12]. London: Published by Vizetely Brothers & Co., 1844. Tinted lithograph. Sheet size: 14 3/8 x 21 1/8 inches. Very good.

This beautiful and rare lithograph, from Catherwood’s Views of Ancient Monuments in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan, is one of the first and primary visual records of the rediscovery of Mayan civilization. “In the whole range of literature on the Maya there has never appeared a more magnificent work” – Von Hagen. Frederick Catherwood was a British architect and artist with a strong interest in archaeology. These combined talents led him to accompany American traveler and explorer John Lloyd Stephens on two trips to the Mayan region of southern Mexico in 1839 and 1841. These explorations resulted in Stephens’ two famous works, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan and Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. These immensely popular books, foundation stones in Mayan studies, were both illustrated by Catherwood and inspired him to undertake the series of larger lithographs. The Views was produced in London, where Catherwood recruited Andrew Picken to translate his originals onto stone. Three hundred copies were produced. “Catherwood belongs to a species, the artist-archaeologist, which is all but extinct. Piranesi was the most celebrated specimen and Catherwood his not unworthy successor” – Aldous Huxley. This image depicts the entrance to a Mayan temple at Uxmal, a large, ancient Mayan city in the Yucatan. Uxmal flourished from about 700 to 1100 a.d. SABIN 11520. TOOLEY 133 (with a list of plates). Von Hagen, Frederick Catherwood (1950), pp.91-95. PALAU 50290. GROCE & WALLACE, p.115. HILL 263. $1700.

30. Catherwood, Frederick: PRINCIPAL COURT OF THE PALACE AT PALENQUE / INTERIOR OF CASA, No. 3 PALENQUE. [Plate 7]. London: Published by Vizetely Brothers & Co., 1844. Tinted lithograph, two views on one sheet. Sheet size: 21 1/8 x 14 3/8 inches. Very good.

This beautiful and rare lithograph, from Catherwood’s Views of Ancient Monuments in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan, is one of the first and primary visual records of the rediscovery of Mayan civilization. “In the whole range of literature on the Maya there has never appeared a more magnificent work” – Von Hagen. Frederick Catherwood was a British architect and artist with a strong interest in archaeology. These combined talents led him to accompany the American traveler and explorer, John Lloyd Stephens, on two trips to the Mayan region of southern Mexico in 1839 and 1841. These explorations resulted in Stephens’ two famous works, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas, and Yucatan and Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. These immensely popular books, foundation stones in Mayan studies, were both illustrated by Catherwood and inspired him to undertake the series of larger lithographs. The Views was produced in London, where Catherwood recruited Andrew Picken to translate his originals onto stone. Three hundred copies were produced. “Catherwood belongs to a species, the artist-archaeologist, which is all but extinct. Piranesi was the most celebrated specimen and Catherwood his not unworthy successor” – Aldous Huxley. Palenque was a large Maya city state in present-day Chiapas, Mexico. The city, which flourished during the 7th century, was inhabited from about 220 b.c. to 799 a.d., over a thousand years. SABIN 11520. TOOLEY 133 (with a list of plates). Von Hagen, Frederick Catherwood (1950), pp.91-95. PALAU 50290. GROCE & WALLACE, p.115. HILL 263. $1200. Nahuatl Catechism, with Provenance

31. [Catholic Church]: [Pérez, Manuel, translator]: CATHECISMO RO- MANO, TRADUCIDO EN CASTELLANO, Y MEXICANO POR ...MANUEL PEREZ. Mexico: por Francisco de Rivera Calderon, 1723. [28],248pp. Small quarto. Original limp vellum. Text block almost totally loose, lacking endpapers. Worming in inner margins, some repaired; minor stains and occasional foxing. Overall, a good, solid copy of this significant work, with pleasant provenance both early and late.

The first edition of this important translation of the standard Catholic catechism. Father Pérez was one of Mexico’s leading Nahuatl (i.e. Aztec) scholars of the 18th century, the period of a major rebirth of scholarship in Nahuatl studies. He held the post of professor of Nahuatl at the Royal University in Mexico City. This work was prepared for use among the Indians of Central Mexico, as well as other areas of North America into which Nahuatl had been introduced. The catechism is not in the accustomed question-and-answer format, but is composed of sermon- like discussions on the articles of faith and dogma. Additionally, Pérez discusses various Biblical issues and teachings of the Fathers of the Church. Provenance: 18th- or early 19th-century ownership note at top of titlepage (partially crossed out) of Bachiller Pérez Jimenez y Mendoza; bookplate of Frederick Starr, noted 20th-century scholar of Mexican languages and matters indigenous. VIÑAZA 280. GARCÍA ICAZBALCETA, LENGUAS 56. SABIN 60912. MEDINA, MEXICO 2719. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 2957. H. DE LEÓN-PORTILLA, TEPUZ- TLAHCUILOLLI 2135. $4750.

Indulgences for Fighting Infidels

32. [Catholic Church]: SEGUNDA PREDICACION DE LA DECIMA QUINTA CONCESSION DE URBANO OCTAVO. BULLA DE LA SANTA CRUZADA, CONCEDIDA POR LA SANTIDAD DE URBANO VIII. DE FELICE RECORDACION, PARA TODOS LOS FIELES CHRISTIANOS, VEZINOS, ESTANTES, Y HABI- TANTES EN LAS PROVINCIAS DEL PERU, TIERRA-FIRME, SUS PARTIDOS...CON GRANDES INDULGENCIAS, PARA TO- CARRO DE LA GUERRA CONTRA INFIDELES...[caption title]. [Madrid]. 1750. Broadside, 17 x 12¼ inches. Old folds. Later pencil annotations. Slight instances of soiling. Text very clean, unaccomplished with spaces left blank. Very good.

A papal bull originally issued by Pope Urban VIII (1623-44), here printed as an indulgence for all faithful Christians in the provinces of Peru and Tierra Firme who had fought or otherwise been involved in battles against infidels (presumably meaning hostile Native Americans). The detailed text concludes with the form of absolution, and is illustrated with five simple woodcuts, including images of St. Peter and St. Paul, the holy cross, the seal of the Comisario General de la Santa Cruzada, and the facsimile signature of the Bishop. The spaces, such as those for the date the indulgence was to be submitted and the amount of the indulgence, are here left unaccomplished. A rare mid-18th-century Spanish ephemeral religious printing with New World references. Not in OCLC. $900.

A Very Rare Print from the Rarest Catlin Pictorial Publication

33. Catlin, George: CATLIN THE ARTIST & SPORTSMAN RELEIV- ING [sic] ONE OF HIS COMPANIONS FROM AN UNPLEAS- ANT PREDICAMENT DURING HIS TRAVELS IN BRAZIL. Lon- don: Day & Son, [ca. 1855-1860]. Hand-finished color-printed lithograph, drawn on stone by J. M’Gahey of Chester after George Catlin, printed by Day & Son, within a lithographed thin single-line border printed in ochre, with lithographed title printed in black beneath. Sheet size: 18 x 25 1/8 inches. Very good.

When the United States Senate rejected an 1852 bill proposing the purchase for the nation of George Catlin’s “Indian Gallery,” the artist was bankrupted and lost virtually all of the paintings and drawings he had used in his exhibitions. In order to raise funds, Catlin proposed an expedition to market Samuel Colt’s firearms. Colt was eager to publicize his new revolving pistols and rifles and to have them adopted by the United States Army, and he commissioned Catlin to “paint a series of twelve pictures showing Colts being employed in the field. The terms of their agreement are unclear, but Catlin completed the order by 1857, and the Colt Pat- ent Fire-Arms Manufacturing Company subsequently used the paintings in its advertising” (Dippie). “Six of the paintings were turned into lithographs, but few sets seem to have been made” – America Pictured to the Life. The set of lithographs, all of which are drawn in Catlin’s distinctive style, show the artist using Colt firearms in the wilds of both North and South America. The plates were printed in London by Day & Son, the best known British lithographic printers of the period. Catlin’s images were drawn on stone by J. M’Gahey of Chester, England. These prints are not in any of the standard bibliographies, and the only other recorded sets are in the Colt Firearms Collection (Connecticut State Library in Hartford), the Amon Carter Museum, Yale University (the Paul Mellon set) and the Wadsworth Athenaeum. The text beneath this image reads:

This man strayed from the encampment and alone attacked a troup of 200 or more Piccaries [sic], when having expended his powder he was compelled to retreat into a fallen tree crying ‘murder’ Catlin ran to his rescue with his Colt’s Revolver / when after knocking over three of leaders of the besieging party suddenly, the rest took to their heels leaving only the dead upon the field.

MILES & REESE, AMERICA PICTURED TO THE LIFE 69. Dippie, Catlin and His Contemporaries: The Politics of Patronage (1990). $13,500.

Catlin’s Rarest Lithographs

34. Catlin, George: CATLIN THE CELEBRATED INDIAN TRAVEL- LER AND ARTIST, FIRING HIS COLT’S REPEATING RIFLE BEFORE A TRIBE OF CARIB INDIANS IN SOUTH AMERICA. London: Day & Son, [ca. 1855-1860]. Hand-finished color-printed lithograph, drawn on stone by J. M’Gahey of Chester after George Catlin, printed by Day & Son, within a lithographed thin single-line border printed in ochre, with lithographed title printed in black beneath. Sheet size: 14¾ x 19 inches. A few repaired tears. Very good.

An excellent and rare color lithograph featuring George Catlin firing a Colt repeating rifle. When the United States Senate rejected an 1852 bill proposing the purchase for the nation of George Catlin’s “Indian Gallery,” the artist was bankrupted and lost virtually all of the paintings and drawings he had used in his exhibitions. In order to raise funds, Catlin proposed an expedition to market Samuel Colt’s firearms. Colt was eager to publicize his new revolving pistols and rifles and to have them adopted by the United States Army, and he commissioned Catlin to “paint a series of twelve pictures showing Colts being employed in the field. The terms of their agreement are unclear, but Catlin completed the order by 1857, and the Colt Patent Fire-Arms Manufacturing Company subsequently used the paintings in its advertising” (Dippie). “Six of the paintings were turned into lithographs, but few sets seem to have been made” – America Pictured to the Life. The set of lithographs, all drawn in Catlin’s distinctive style, show the artist using Colt firearms in the wilds of both North and South America. The plates were printed in London by Day & Son, the best known British lithographic printers of the period. Catlin’s images were drawn on stone by J. M’Gahey of Chester, England. These prints are not in any of the standard bibliographies, and the only other recorded holdings are in the Colt Firearms Collection (Connecticut State Library in Hartford), the Amon Carter Museum, Yale University (the Paul Mellon set), and the Wadsworth Athenaeum. The text beneath the image reads:

It having been reported by one of my party that I had a Medicine Gun, which would fire all day without reloading, the Men, Women & Children, assembled in front of the Chief ’s Lodge to get a sight of it, – when I found it necessary to make an exhibition – and arranged a target at a suitable distance whe[re I to]ok my position / in front of the crowd rapidly discharging all the chambers, and cocked the piece for a continuation, but the chief advanced and assured me they were all satisfied, and I had better save my powder and balls, as I might want them, on a very long journey.

REESE & MILES, AMERICA PICTURED TO THE LIFE 69. Dippie, Catlin and His Contemporaries: The Politics of Patronage (1990). $13,500. 35. [Catlin, George]: NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICAN INDIANS. CATALOGUE DESCRIPTIVE AND INSTRUCTIVE OF CAT- LIN’S INDIAN CARTOONS. PORTRAITS, TYPES, AND CUS- TOMS. 600 PAINTINGS IN OIL, WITH 20,000 FULL LENGTH FIGURES ILLUSTRATING THEIR VARIOUS GAMES, RELI- GIOUS CEREMONIES, AND OTHER CUSTOMS, AND 27 CAN- VAS PAINTINGS OF LASALLE’S DISCOVERIES. New York. 1871. 99pp. Original printed front wrapper, rear wrapper lacking. Front wrapper lightly chipped around edges, mostly at lower edge. Final five leaves chipped at edges but with no loss of text. About very good.

An impressive catalogue of Catlin Indian paintings, organized by tribe. Over 600 items are listed and described. The appendices include a synopsis of Catlin’s wanderings in the West, including his voyages to South and Central America. An important Catlin reference work. $600.

With an Americana Reference, Not in Harrisse

36. [Charles V, King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor]: CAROLI. RO.REGIS. RECESSVRI ADLOCUTIO IN.CONVENTV.HIS- PANIARUM. [Augsburg? 1520]. [4]pp. Small quarto. Later plain paper boards. Marginal tears and old fold marks with slight discoloration, else very good.

“After the death of Ferdinand II, Charles V succeeded to the Kingdom of Spain. In 1517 he proceeded to Spain, which he left in 1520. At his departure he was very un- popular; he made this speech when he left and said, ‘That he did not see the happy faces with which he had been received.’ He also mentions America in the following words: ‘He might have been satisfied with the Spanish Empire, the Balearic Islands and Sardinia, the Kingdom of Sicily, Italy and a large part of Germany and Gaul, and that other gold-bearing world’” – Maggs. European Americana locates only two copies, at The New York Public Library and the Bibliothèque Nationale. There is also a Rome edition, of which a copy is located at Harvard. The present copy appears to be the only one offered for sale in this century. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 520/17. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA I:33 (this copy). PALAU 44419. ROTHSCHILD 3137. $7500.

Where Crusoe Landed

37. [Chile]: [ Juan Fernandez]: PLANO DEL PUERTO DE VALDIVA EN LA COSTA OESTE DE LA AMERICA MERIDIONAL.... [and:] PLANO DE LA RADA DE SN. JUAN BURTISTA EN LA PARTE N.E. DE LA ISLA DE JUAN FERNANDEZ DE TIERRA.... [Ma- drid]. 1788. Folding engraved map, 23 x 17 inches. Sectioned and backed on linen. Minor dust soiling. Label of 19th-century Paris map dealer Charles Picquet Géographe on verso. Very good.

A detailed Spanish cartographical work on Chile and the island of Juan Fernandez, including two large-scale engraved charts on one sheet, with one view. Includes charts of the port of Valdiva, in Chile south of Santiago. There is also a map of the bay of San Juan Bautista on the island of Juan Fernandez, best known for having been the home to marooned sailor Alexander Selkirk for more than four years from 1704, the inspiration for Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe. The view is titled “Vista, para el reconocimiento de la Entrada de Valdivia Demorando el Morro Gonzalo.” This is number 33 of the 53 maps composing the Atlas Maritimo Espanol (1789-1814). Rare. PHILLIPS, ATLASES 4155. $1850.

The Primary Account of the History of Peru Before the Conquest

38. Cieza de León, Pedro de: LA CHRONICA DEL PERU, NUEVA- MENTE ESCRITA, POR PEDRO DE CIEÇA DE LEON, VEZINO DE SEVILLA. Antwerp: Juan Steelsio, 1554. [8],285,[9] leaves. Woodcut illustrations. 12mo. 19th-century red morocco by Thibaron-Joly, spine gilt with raised bands, a.e.g., marbled endpapers. Very good.

One of two 1554 Antwerp editions of Cieza de León’s highly regarded history of Peru, and the earliest obtainable edition, following the first edition in Spanish printed in Seville the previous year. The author, the foremost soldier-chronicler of the conquest, served under Pedro de La Gasca in his campaign against Gonzalo Pizarro during the civil war in Peru in the years following the conquest. “After the end of the civil war, he travelled extensively throughout Peru in order to collect information on both the conquest and the Inca world, with the clear intent of writing the first major history of Peru. When he returned to Spain in 1550, he managed to publish only the first part of his work...a thorough description of the land and people of Peru. It includes both the cities founded by the Spaniards, such as Lima and Quito, and the first documented descriptions of Inca cities and their customs. His wealth of information is the result of personal observation, the scrutiny of reports and official papers, and oral reports from Quechua Indians” – Delgado-Gomez. Considered the earliest history of the entire viceroyalty of Peru, La Chronica... is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, several of which appear multiple times. In addition to images of building activities, possibly derived from earlier works on European architecture and monuments, the illustrations include images of the devil, indigenous animals, the former Inca capital of Cuzco, Lake Titicaca, and Potosí. “A European vision of America sometimes enhanced by fantastic elements. In one of them, the devil, believed to be hard at work in the New World, is shown as he keeps the inhabitants from leading a virtuous Christian life, and in another, Lake Titicaca, located on the desolate Andean altiplano, looks curiously like a canal in the city of Venice. The illustration of the Cerro de Potosí, the fabled “silver mountain” of the Indies, is an exception. Because it was based on an original drawing done by the chronicler himself, it more accurately depicts the real place” – Johnson. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 554/15. SABIN 13046. MEDINA, BHA 163. 1553 edition: FIELD 314. JOHNSON, THE BOOK IN THE AMERICAS 32. DELGADO-GOMEZ, SPANISH HISTORICAL WRITING ABOUT THE NEW WORLD 26. $25,000.

A Crucial Edition, with Many Important Materials Published for the First Time

39. Cortés de Monroy y Pizarro, Hernan: DE INSULIS NUPER INVEN- TIS FERDINANDI CORTESII AD CAROLUM V...NARRATIO- NES, CUM ALIO QUODAM PETRI MARTYRIS AD CLEMENT- EM VII...LIBELLO. HIS ACCESSERUNT EPISTOLAE DUAE DE FELICISSIMO APUD INDOS EVANGELII INCREMENTO... ITEM EPITOME DE INVENTIS NUPER INDIAE POPULIS IDOLOLATRIS AD FIDEM CHRISTI...CONVERTENDIS, AU- TORE R.P.F. NICOLAO HERBORN.... Cologne: ex officina Melchioris Novesiani, impensis Arnoldi Birckman, September 1532. [82] leaves. Text in Latin. Woodcut title portrait of Charles V within a woodcut border of escutch- eons of Spanish provinces and towns, the portrait repeated within decorative border-pieces on A1 and F1; large ornamental woodcut initials and border- pieces in text; woodcut printer’s device at end. Small folio, signed in 4s and 6s. Later half calf and paper boards, gilt leather labels. Bookplate of the Duke of Devonshire on front pastedown. Minor foxing and soiling. Very good. In a black half morocco box.

Second Latin edition of the second and third letters of Cortés to Emperor Charles V, and the first to contain missionary reports from Yucatan and Mexico. Cortés gave his personal account of the conquest of Mexico in a series of five letters, or cartas de relación, which he addressed to Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor. The famed first letter was lost, making the second letter the earliest account by Cortés himself, describing the events in Mexico after his departure from Vera Cruz. The third letter continues the narrative, describing Mexican events from October 1520 to May 1522. The present work includes the second editions in Latin of the second and third letters (translated by Petrus Savorgbabus), as well as Peter Martyr’s De Insulia (a condensed version of the lost first Cortés letter); a letter from Mexico by Martin de Valencia dated June 12, 1531, which is the first printed report from the Yucatan; a letter from Bishop Zumarraga giving an account of the Franciscan schools in Mexico, their teachers, and the Indian converts; and a letter from Nicholaus Herborn dated 1532. These last three sections appear here in this edition for the first time. A rare edition, with only three other copies appearing in the auction records over the last thirty-five years. This copy is from the library of Spencer Compton, the eighth Duke of Devonshire, with the Chatsworth bookplate. CHURCH 63. HARRISSE 168. JONES 21. SABIN 16949. VALLE 15. MEDINA, BHA 86. PALAU 63192. JCB I:103-104. $35,000.

A Cornerstone of the Spanish Colonial Conquest of Mexico and the Early Exploration of Southern California

40. Cortés, Hernan, and Francesco Antonio Lorenzana: HISTORIA DEL NUEVA-ESPAÑA, ESCRITA POR SU ESCALARECIDO CON- QUISTADOR HERNAN CORTES. Mexico: Imprenta del Superior Go- bierno, del Br. D. Joseph Antonio de Hogal, 1770. Title printed in red and black. Engraved frontispiece bound following the title, two engraved folding maps, thirty-three engraved plates (one folding), plus engraved title vignette and engraved initial on the dedication leaf. Folio. Contemporary calf, spine gilt. Expert restoration at head and toe of spine. Very good. Provenance: Father Faustino Arevalo (1747-1824, signature on front pastedown); Jesuit ink stamp on verso of title-leaf.

First edition of this “important and highly esteemed work” (Sabin), containing the celebrated letters of Cortés to the Emperor Charles V, illustrated with important engravings and two influential maps. Father Lorenzana, the Archbish- op of Mexico from 1766 to 1772, here publishes three of Hernando Cortés’ letters to Emperor Charles V, with numerous annotations which provide reliable information on the early civilization of Mexico and its conquest. Besides the allegorical frontispiece showing Cortés pre- senting the world to the Emperor, the plates include a depiction of the Mexican calendar, a folding view of the great temple of Mexico, and thirty-one plates depicting an Aztec codex representing the tributes paid by the different towns in Mexico. The maps include a general map of Mexico showing Cortés’ route, by José Antonio de Alzate y Ramírez; the second map is an important depiction of the northern Pacific coast of Mexico, the Baja peninsula, and southern California, after Domingo del Castillo, being the first map to establish definitively that California was in fact a peninsula and not an island. “Pages 322-328 contain an account of the voyage of Cortes to the peninsula of California and notices of later expeditions to 1769. The map of Castillo was inserted to illustrate this account, which Lorenzana states was copied from the original in the Archives of the Marquesado, that is, of the Cortes family. Since that time the original has never appeared, so we are still at a loss to know whether Castillo or Lorenzana put the name ‘California’ on the map” – Wagner. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 152. SABIN 42065. PALAU 63204. MEDINA, BHA 5380. $13,500.

18th-Century Cuban Imprint

41. [Cuba]: ACUERDO DE LA JUNTA DE GOBIERNO DEL REAL CONSULADO DE AGRICULTURA Y COMERCIO, EN LA CEL- EBRADA EL DIA MIERCOLES 21 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1796. Havana: En la Imprenta de la Capitania General, [1796 or 1797]. [1],19pp. Modern mottled calf, gilt. Titlepage tipped onto a stub. Tanned and foxed. Good.

A report concerning the activities of the Royal Consulate in Cuba, prepared for the outgoing governor-general of the island, Luis de las Casas. The pamphlet focuses on the government’s attempts to improve the economic situation and production in Cuba. Of particular concern is improving agricultural production by increasing the supply of slave labor and decreasing slave prices. A rare 18th-century Havana imprint, with only three copies recorded in OCLC, and not in Medina. OCLC 740351094, 44140591, 14974391. $3500.

18th-Century Cuban Imprint

42. [Cuba]: [Boloix, Pablo]: [LA DIPUTACIÓN PARA LA JUNTA DE GOBIERNO DE LA CASA DE BENEFICENCIA...DÁ CUENTA Á LA REAL SOCIEDAD PATRIÓTICA DE SUS TARÉAS EN EL PRESENTE AÑO 1797...]. [Havana: En la Imprenta de la Capitanía Gen- eral, 1797-1798]. 14pp. Small quarto. Modern mottled calf, gilt. Lacking title page. Heavy worming, repaired with tissue in places, moderate dampstaining. Fair.

An annual report on the operations of the state orphanage in Havana for 1797. The author, Pablo Boloix, has almost exclusively complimentary words for the institution’s staff and benefactors, and also contributes brief descriptions of its occupants, activities, and budget. Medina does not record the present imprint, but does note the report on the same institution from the previous year. OCLC locates only one copy of this edition, at the Bibiloteca Nacional de España. An extremely rare early Cuban imprint. OCLC 433300754. MEDINA, HABANA 148 (ref ). $750. The Transportation of Slaves in Cuba 43. [Cuba]: [TWO MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS ADDRESS- ING THE TRANSFER OF CUBAN SLAVES]. Havana. 1845. [2]pp. Folio. Loose sheets. Previously folded, Both leaves stamped in ink and blind. Light wear and discoloration around edges, scattered foxing, one small tear at foot of one leaf. Very good. Two official documents issued from Havana in October 1845 regarding licenses for the transportation of slaves across Cuba. One letter requests a license be granted for the travel of a black slave named Miguel, “de nacion Ganga,” to the town of Olimpo. The other grants a license for the transport of a black African slave named Desideria so she may be sent to Matanzas. Interesting manuscript evidence of the organization and bureaucracy of the Cuban slave trade in the mid-19th century. $500.

18th-Century Cuban Imprint

44. [Cuba]: O’Farril, Joseph Ricardo: Lanz, Juan Bautista: MEMORIA SOBRE LA CRIA DE GANADO MULAR Y CABALLAR, Y ME- JORA DE SUS CASTAS.... [Ha- vana: Imprenta de la Capitanía, 1799]. [1],12pp. Modern mottled calf, gilt. Heavily tanned, manuscript annotation on titlepage. Good plus.

A short tract on equine husbandry with its own titlepage but published as a part of a royal decree entitled “Gracia concedida por S.M. à los habitantes de esta isla para la introduccion de caballos frisones de ambos sexôs desde las provincias del Norte de América,” which approved the importation of horses to Cuba. Initially presented to government officials in 1797, the report by Joseph Ricardo O’Farril and Juan Bautista Lanz laments poor breeding practices in Cuba that have led to weak- nesses in the horse stock, and recommends the introduction of North American horses and different breeding methods. Until the suggestions of this work were implemented by the decree in 1798, horses were not allowed to be imported from other sources in greater numbers than they were from Spain. According to Trelles, this is the first Cuban imprint to address issues related to livestock and animal husbandry. Very rare, with OCLC recording only five copies. SABIN 56747. MEDINA, HABANA 162. TRELLES, pp.177-78. OCLC 19860506. $3000.

Detailed Review of the Economy of Cuba

45. [Cuba]: Boloix, Pablo: [MANUSCRIPT REPORT ON THE CUBAN ECONOMY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 19th CENTURY]. [Havana. Jan. 8, 1803]. [13] leaves. Folio. Dbd. Stitching perished, edges lightly chipped, moderately tanned, scattered foxing. About very good.

A detailed contemporary discussion of the state of the Cuban economy, addressed to the economic board of the Real Consulado of Cuba and entitled “Dictamen sobre el aumento de numerario en la Isla de Cuba.” According the report, the Cuban economy suffered from a shortage of hard currency, caused especially by the demands of the slave trade. The author enjoins the committee to take up several proposals, including the formation of a national bank and the imposition of taxes to implement its operation. An enormously interesting document with much revealing insight into Cuban economic conditions at the beginning of the 19th century. $2500.

46. [Cuba]: [Someruelos, Marques de]: [ACUERDO DE LAS AUTO- RIDADES SOBRE COMERCIO CON EXTRANJEROS]. Havana. 1809. [9]pp. Dbd. Loose leaves, formerly stitched, stab holes in gutter margin. Some separation of cover leaves along fold. Alternate title provided in manuscript on front cover leaf, some offsetting from other manuscript documents on both covers. Light tanning and dampstaining. Good plus.

A rare Cuban imprint announcing new regulations on agriculture and trade with the wider Caribbean, Mexico, and the United States. The directives were published by the authority of the Marques de Someruelos, the governor of Cuba from 1800 to 1812, and Juan de Aguilar, the commander of the Spanish army on the island. Although still maintaining many restrictions, the new rules sought to relax protective colonial trade laws, to promote trade, and to increase produc- tivity and exportation. This was particularly true when it came to the island’s main products, such as sugar, coffee, and rum. These came at a point when trade with Spain had collapsed due to the Napoleonic Wars and Cuba was desperate to find an outlet for its produce. “Considerando la necesidad urgente que hay de promover por todos medios la extraccion de azúcar, café y aguardiente que produce la colonia, en deseo de evitar el extremo de su ruina empezada á sentir sensiblemente; se declara que estas producciones deben continuar extrayéndose libres de todos derechos Reales y municipales (excepto la subvencion) por españoles y extrangeros, á reserva de hacer, y recibir en su caso las observaciones que estimulen á la innovacion.” No copies traced in OCLC or at the Bibiloteca Nacional de España. MEDINA, HABANA 236. $2750.

Venereal Disease and an Unusual Cuban Imprint

47. [Cuba]: Navarro, Joaquín José: ENSAYO SOBRE LOS MEDIOS DE PRECAVER, CURAR Y DESTRUIR LAS BUBAS Ó PI- ANES DEL PUEBLO DE S. LUIS DE LOS CANEYES. Puerto Principe [Camagüey], Cuba: Imprenta de la audiencia territorial, 1814. 45pp. Quarto. Dbd. Some edge wear and minor chipping, faint dampstain throughout. Some worming, with extensive repair in some leaves, affecting some text. Overall good.

A rare Cuban imprint regarding disease amongst the native people of Cuba. Navarro, a doctor from the University of Havana, describes an outbreak of venereal disease in a small town of Indians. This work does not appear in OCLC. Almost all surviving Cuban imprints from this period are from Havana, so this possibly unique imprint is most unusual. PALAU 188223. $4250.

48. [Cuba]: REGLAMENTOS GENERALES DEL GRANDE ORIEN- TE TERRITORIAL ESPAÑOL-AMERICANO, (RITO ESCOCES DE FRANCOS-MASONES ANTIGUOS Y ACEPTADOS) REGU- LARMENTE ESTABLECIDO EN LA CIUDAD DE LA HABANA, ISLA DE CUBA.... [Havana]: Impresos por orden del mismo Grande Ori- ente el ual prohive que se reimpriman sin su licencia, [1821]. [4],43pp. Small quarto. Later vellum, cover title. Closed tear in titlepage, repaired on verso with later paper. Closed tear in text on p.3. Minor toning and soiling, a few notations in text. About very good.

Regulations for the Scottish Rite Freemasons in Havana. The table of contents lists chapters on the fundamental principals of Freemasonry as well as chapters on the specific rites. Includes a list of the “Grandes Oficiales y Demas Miembros del Gran Consistorio” and a list of the members “Simbolico.” A rare document, likely printed in a small run. Only one copy in OCLC, at the Universitat Jaume I in Spain. SABIN 68891. $1750.

Wanted Men in Colonial Cuba

49. [Cuba]: RELACION DE LOS REOS PRÓFUGOS, ACÚSADOS Y SENTENCIADOS EN REBELDIA QUE DEBEN SER APREHEN- DIDOS Y REMITIDOS Á CADA UNO DE LOS JUZGADOS Á QUE CORRESPONDEN, Y SE ESPRESAN Á CONTINUACION [caption title]. [Havana. 1832?] 18pp. Folio. Loose leaves. Heavy worming, mostly marginal but somewhat affecting text in places. Light dampstaining and foxing. Good.

An extensive list of fugitives from Cuban courts that covers the period from 1822 to 1832. Each section comprises a catalogue of men tried before a specific court, and individual entries provide names, brief descriptions (mostly of skin color), birthplaces, likely places of residence, and crimes committed together with the sentences handed down. Many men are condemned to the gallows, or are facing long sentences in African or other overseas prison camps. This list was also printed as a part of the Oct. 9, 1832 issue of Diario de la Habana, but a separate printing, as in the present example, is not found in OCLC or the relevant bibliographies. $1850.

50. [Cuba]: ARANCELES GENERALES PARA EL COBRO DE DERECHOS DE INTRODUCCION Y ESTRACCION EN TO- DAS LAS ADUANAS DE LOS PUERTOS HABILITADOS DE LA SIEMPRE FILE ISLA DE CUBA, PARA EL AÑO DE 1834. Havana: Imprenta del Gobierno y Capitania General, y de la Real Hacienda por S.M., [1834]. [6],64,[8]pp. Folio. Contemporary Cuban marbled calf, gilt, spine gilt. Slight edge wear. A very good, crisp copy.

This early Havana imprint provides a detailed account of all the goods imported by Cuba at the time of publication, with the relevant tax information. In a handsome period Cuban binding. $2000.

51. [Cuba]: [Slavery]: [SIX MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS DETAIL- ING THE BILL OF SALE OR LIBERATION OF SLAVES IN CUBA]. Cuba. 1842-1872. [6] leaves. Folio. Single sheets. Minor worming, offsetting. Very good.

A group of interesting documents, all bearing official stamps, documenting the sale or liberation of various slaves from 1842 to 1872. The slaves are described by name and age, and as either “negro,” “mulato,” or “criolla.” Alhough Cuba ended its participation in the slave trade in 1867, it was not until 1886 that slavery was finally abolished by royal decree. An interesting collection showing the persistent nature of Cuban slave culture in the latter half of the 19th century. $900.

Port Regulations for Havana

52. [Cuba]: EL CAPITAN DEL PUERTO DE LA HABANA PRE- VIENE A LOS CAPITANES Y PATRONES QUE FONDEEN O ESTEN FONDEADOS EN ESTE PUERTO, LO SIGUIENTE... [caption title]. [Havana. 1850s?] 4pp., on a bifolium, 15¾ x 10½ inches. Printed in three columns. Previously folded, with some short separations along fold lines. Somewhat tanned, with some dust soiling in upper portion of first leaf recto. Good plus.

Bifolium printing of twenty-four directives intended to govern the operation of vessels in the port of Havana. They include provisions for the arrival and departure of ships, their dock- ing and mooring, the storage of gun- powder while in port, fire prevention, and penalties for carrying firearms or other deadly weapons ashore. The document is printed in three columns, which provide versions of the regulations in Spanish, English, and French. Daniel Warren, mentioned here as the port officer in charge of preventing desertions and illegal transfers of men from ship to ship, is also named as Havana shipping master in an 1858 letter from the American Consul, Thomas Savage, to the Governor of Havana, included in a contemporary United States Senate report on foreign trade. “As early as 1828, Irish migrant Daniel Warren established ‘a deposit for foreign sailors and artisans’ in Havana, providing an initial place for them to stay while looking for work”- Curry-Machado. A very rare piece of Cuban maritime ephemera, with OCLC noting only one copy at the Harvard Law Library. OCLC 81408661. Curry-Machado, Cuban Sugar Industry, p.74. $1750. Building New Ports to Fuel Cuban Growth

53. [Cuba]: [THREE MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO A PROPOSED PORT FOR THE SOUTHERN COAST OF THE PROVINCE OF SANCTI SPIRITUS]. Sancti Spiritus, Cuba. 1856- 1858. 114pp. in three parts. Small quarto. Dbd. Light toning and foxing. Very good.

Detailed reports on the proposed public works project concerning a port on the Zaza River for the province of Sancti Spiritus in central Cuba. The Zaza River reaches the sea at the small town of Tunas de Zaza, presumably the location of the port under discussion. There is much detail about both the need for the port and proposals for construction. The engineer discusses the difficulties involved, such as flood- ing in the river delta, as well as the benefits to commerce, both foreign and domestic. There is also mention of the need for security forces to deter any insurrection on the part of slaves. The first two documents are addressed by Joaquin Casariego to the Governor, while the last is signed by Juan Marin and Juan Falces. $1500.

The American Military Orders Governing Cuba in the Wake of the Seizure of the Island During the Spanish-American War

54. [Cuba]: [Spanish-American War]: [TWO VOLUMES OF GENERAL ORDERS FROM THE AMERICAN MILITARY GOVERNMENT IN HAVANA DIRECTING STATE AND LOCAL OPERATIONS AFTER THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, 1899 – 1900]. Havana. 1899-1900. Approximately [520]; [600]pp., including several folding charts. Over 200 separate imprints. Original half leather and brown cloth boards, spine gilt. Corners and edges worn, spine rubbed, boards scuffed. Initial leaves of first volume torn away but present. Several other leaves chipped and torn throughout. With many official signatures and docketing stamps. Good.

Two volumes of orders promulgated in 1889 and 1900 by the American military government of Cuba after the cessation of hostilities in the Spanish-American War. Under the terms of the Teller Amendment to the Congressional Joint Resolution for war with Spain in 1898, the United States denied the intention of using the conflict as a pretext for the annexation of Cuba, and promised to leave the island following the termination of the war. The American military, therefore, oversaw the creation of the new independent Cuban government before departing in 1902. The documents contained in this collection consist of over two hundred orders in both English and Spanish from the Headquarters Division of Cuba that helped to shape the emerging civilian government. They include instructions for the running of elections, the organization of the courts and school system, the appointments for various government offices, provisions for tax regulations, and many other critical issues facing Cuba at its independence. The directives cover two periods, from January to July in 1899, and from July to September in 1901. Many of the orders are signed in manuscript by the assistants to the military governor for the island, Gen. Leonard Wood, including assistant adjutant generals J.B. Hickey and L.W.V. Kennon, and Brig. Gen., Chief of Staff Adna R. Chaffee. An interesting documentation of the first American occupation of Cuba. $5000.

55. Cuevas, Luis G.: MEMORIA DEL MINISTRO DE RELACIONES INTERIORES Y ESTERIORES. Mexico: Imprenta de Vicente Gar- cia Torres, 1849. 47pp. Original printed wrappers. Spine perishing, corners chipped. Scattered foxing, light tanning. About very good.

A very scarce pamphlet regarding Mexican diplomatic relations with the United States and Canada after the end of the Mexican-American War. Its author, Luis Gonzaga Cuevas, defended the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo before the Mexican congress, and also served as the Minister for Interior and Exterior Relations for six months in 1848 and 1849. Rare, with only four copies located in OCLC, and not in Palau. $750.

Important Early Study of a Native Language of Peru

56. Del Canto, Francisco: [Peru]: ARTE, Y VOCABULARIO EN LA LENGUA GENERAL DEL PERU, LLAMADA QUICHUA, Y EN LA LENGUA ESPAÑOLA. Los Reyes [i.e. Lima]: Por Francisco del Can- to. 1614. [4],35,28-31 [i.e. 36-39],[1],[176] leaves. Last five leaves in expert facsimile. Contemporary limp vellum. Light to moderate soiling of binding, corner of rear cover chipped. Titlepage mutilated around edges, affecting first portion of title; mounted on newer leaf. Second leaf clumsily repaired around edges, not affecting text. Trimmed closely at top, affecting text in some places. Light soiling. Good.

An important Indian language work, from the first (and at the time only) press in South America, printed only twenty-eight years after the beginning of printing there, and twenty-six years before the Bay Psalm Book was published. Del Canto, the owner and operator of the only press in South America at the time, was the second printer in Peru. He acquired his press directly from Antonio Ricardo, the first printer in South America. This work begins with a grammar of the Quechua language, followed by Quechua-Spanish and Spanish-Quechua dictionaries. The book is in a handy smaller format for use in the field. Medina says this book is “extraordinariamente raro,” and it is lacking from many of the great collections. This work is generally credited to Del Canto, the author of the introduction, but parts of it may be by Gonzalez Holguin, whose other publications on Peruvian Indian language were published in Lima in 1607 and 1608. Sabin attributes authorship, however, to Ludovico Bertonio. Only eight copies on OCLC. MEDINA, LIMA 58. VARGAS UGARTE 79. PALAU 17729. SABIN 5020. JCB (3) II:101. OCLC 6783843, 251190642. $22,000.

Academic Ephemerum Printed on Blue-Green Silk

57. Díaz de la Vega, José María: JUXTA. CRUCEM. JESU. STANTI AST. IN CRUCE. IPSA...[first lines of text]. Puebla: Petri de la Rosa, 1816. Broadside, 15 inches. Blue-green silk with braided edges using gold and silver metallic thread, and with blue tassels incorporating silver thread and fittings attached on all corners. Minimal wear and stunningly attractive. Near fine.

On April 24, 1816, Díaz de la Vega stood to defend his Bachelor degree, and this letterpress broadside on silk is the official announcement of that. It is handsomely printed using several point sizes of roman and italic, with center justification in the top portion and full justification below. Degree defense broadsides were an important source of income for colonial-era printers in Latin America, and the printers offered “package deals” to the families of the graduate and post-graduate degree postulants. The packages were geared to the students’ families’ economic means. Broadsides could be large (folio) or small (octavo), have an engraving or not, have a border of type ornaments or not, and be printed on standard paper or colored paper (usually blue). If one splurged, one could get the announcement printed on silk, as here. The usual total number of copies printed for each candidate is unknown at this time, but is likely to have been only one or two dozen, and we do not know if more than one silk copy was printed when that top option was in fact ordered. In extravagant cases one can imagine one for the degree candidate, one for the parents, one for each godparent, etc.; still, such cases would probably have been few. Certainly the printers would have been willing to rake in as much money as possible on each happy occasion, and the richly beautiful silk mementos – doubt- less proudly displayed for years going forward in homes or offices – would have been excellent ongoing advertisements. Equally clearly, however, the number of copies of all of the defense broadsides surviving is small, and the survival of those on silk is very small. No copies of this broadside are traced via the usual bibliographies, nor via NUC, WorldCat, COPAC, KVK, CCILA, CCPB, or the OPACs of CONDUMEX, the Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, and the national libraries of Spain and Mexico. Not in Medina, Puebla; Palau; Ziga & Espinosa, Adiciones a la Imprenta en Mexico; Garritz, Impresos Novohispanos; or Gavito, Adiciones a la Imprenta en la Puebla. $3500.

The First English Edition of a Classic

58. Díaz del Castillo, Bernal: THE TRUE HISTORY OF THE CON- QUEST OF MEXICO...WRITTEN IN THE YEAR 1568. London: Printed for J. Wright, 1800. viii,514pp. plus engraved plan and errata leaf. Quarto. Original paper boards, printed paper label (giving title and noting “Price 25s boards”). Boards worn along the edges and joints, chipped at head of spine; large faint circular stain on front board. Quite clean internally. An attractive copy, in original, unsophisticated condition. Untrimmed. In a half morocco box.

First English edition of the classic account of the Spanish conquest of Mexico, written by one of Cortés’ officers, here translated from the original Spanish by Maurice Keatinge. With a handsome frontispiece plan of the city and lake of Mexico. SABIN 18884. PALAU 72373. FIELD 425. ESTC T145951. $1500.

59. Duflot de Mofras, Eugene: MENDOZA ET NAVARRETE. NO- TICES BIOGRAPHIQUES. Paris. 1845. 72pp. Large folio. 19th-century cloth, spine stamped in black. Corners rubbed. Later notes on front endpapers and on one text leaf by Henry Harrisse. Very good.

Duflot de Mofras, a French diplomat and early traveller to California, here offers a study of two Spanish explorers and sailors, Pedro de Mendoza and Martin Fernandez de Navarrete. Pedro de Mendoza (1487-1537) was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who founded the colony of Rio de la Plata and the city of Buenos Aires. Martin Fernandez de Navarrete (1765-1844) was a Spanish sailor and historian who held a number of important posts in the ministry of the marine and did significant work on Spain’s maritime history. This copy bears the ownership markings and signature of bibliographer and historian Henry Harrisse (1823-1910), who was the author of several works on Spanish exploration and the discovery of the Americas, including Jean et Sebastian Cabot (1882), Christophe Colombe (1884-85), and Biblio- theca Americana Vetustissima (1866). Duflot de Mofras is best known for his Pacific voyage and exploration of the California, Oregon, and Washington coast, described in a narrative published the year before this volume. $2000. 60. Echave y Assu, Francisco de: LA ESTRELLA DE LIMA CONVER- TIDA EN SOL SOBRE SUS TRES CORONAS EL B. TORIBIO ALFONSO MOGROBEXO, SU SEGUNDO ARZOBISPO: CEL- EBRADO CON EPITALAMIOS SACROS, Y SOLEMNES CUL- TOS, POR SE ESPOSA LA SANTA IGLESIA METROPOLITA- NA DE LIMA.... Amberes [i.e. Antwerp]: Juan Baptista Verdussen, 1688. [16],239,230-381,[2]pp. Lacks added engraved titlepage and plates; also lacks first two leaves after titlepage. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, spine lettered. Titlepage and first few leaves mutilated; p.365 to end also mutilated, as is the rear cover. Light dampstaining, some slight worming. All missing sections of the text are provided in photocopy. Poor.

A stately volume prepared to record the festivities surrounding the beatification of Saint Toribio Alfonso de Mogrovejo (1538-1606), second Archbishop of Lima. Mogrovejo was beatified in 1679 by Pope Innocent XI and canonized by Pope Benedict XIII in 1729. This work provides a comprehensive description of Lima and an ecclesiastical history of the diocese. This copy lacks the folding plan of Lima, as do almost all others. Only a handful of copies in OCLC. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 688/84. SABIN 21765. PALAU 78066. MEDINA, BHA 1813. $1400.

Biography of a Nice, Ordinary Guy (by an Extraordinary One)

61. Espinosa, Isidro Félix de: EL CHERUBIN CUSTODIO DE EL ARBOL DE LA VIDA, LA SANTA CRUZ DE QUERETARO. VIDA DEL VE. SIERVO DE DIOS FRAY ANTONIO DE LOS ANGELES, BUSTAMANTE. Mexico: Por Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, 1731. [24],216pp. plus portrait. Small quarto. Contemporary stiff vellum with remnants of ties, recased; new endpapers. Occasional stain or worm track, never serious; one leaf with small tear at inner gutter affecting a few letters. A very good, handsome copy.

This is the first published work by Espinosa, the great Franciscan chronicler of the middle third of the 18th century. He was born in Queretaro, Mexico in 1679, was educated there, and on March 19, 1697 he began his career as a Franciscan. He took holy orders on Dec. 17, 1703. Between 1709 and 1721 he participated in several expeditions to Texas: those of Capt. Pedro de Aguirre, Domingo Ramón, Martín de Alarcón, and the Marques of San Miguel de Aguayo. While Espinosa is most famous for his writings about Texas and his fellow Texas missionary, Antonio Margil de Jesus, this biography is of Fray Antonio de los Angeles Bustamante, the beloved porter of the Franciscan monastery in Que- retaro. Fray Antonio was a lay cleric, a Spanish immigrant who arrived in Mexico as a boy and as an adult had a successful career in business which he abandoned to enter the monastic life. A full biography of such an “ordinary Joe” in the 18th century is most unusual. The volume offers an excellent copper-engraved portrait by Joaquín Sotomayor of Fray Antonio with the keys of his office and the symbols representing his responsibility of giving bread and water to those begging at the monastery door. The book is from the press of master printer Hogal, considered to be the Ibarra (or Baskerville) of Mexico. Searches of NUC and WorldCat locate fewer than a dozen copies in U.S. libraries. MEDINA, MEXICO 3173. AYALA ECHAVARRI 423. PALAU 82700. SABIN 22895. $5000.

62. Esquemeling, Alexander: PIRATAS DE LA AMERICA, Y LUZ A LA DEFENSA DE LAS COSTAS DE INDIAS OCCIDENTALES.... Madrid. 1793. xxiv,228,[4]pp. Small quarto. Contemporary calf. Extremities lightly worn. Rather clean internally. Very good.

Third Spanish edition, after the rare first two editions of 1681 and 1682, of Es- quemeling’s famous book, the classic account of pirates in the Caribbean, on the Spanish Main, and in the South Seas. First published in Amsterdam in 1678 as De Americaensche Zee-Roovers, it next appeared in Cologne in Spanish in 1681. The first English edition, translated from the second Spanish edition and not from the original, was published in 1684. Rare on the market. PALAU 85732. SABIN 23474. $2500.

The Creation of a New Republic

63. [Federal Republic of Central America]: EL SUPREMO PODER EJECUTIVO DE LAS PROVINCIAS UNIDAS DEL CENTRO DE AMÉRICA. – POR CUANTO LA ASEMBLÉA NACIONAL CONSTITUYE DE LAS MIS- MAS PROVINCIAS HA ACOR- DADO LO QUE SIGUE [caption title]. Guatemala. July 15, 1823. [5]pp. plus initial integral blank. Folio, folded sheets. Small dampstain to outer margin. Very clean. Near fine. Untrimmed.

A declaration outlining the guidelines of leadership within the Federal Republic of Central America. In July of 1823, Hon- duras, Guatemala, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Costa Rica met in Guatemala City, newly independent from Mexico, to form the Federal Republic of Central America. Leadership was in triumvirate, and the document provides intricate detail regarding the expectations of those in executive power. The Federal Republic remained intact until 1840, after a series of disputes between liberals and conservatives caused the Republic to fall into civil war and dissolve. Only one copy is located, in the National Library of Chile. $2750.

64. Funes, Gregorio: ORACION FUNEBRE QUE EN LAS SOLEMNES EXEQUIAS CELEBRADAS EL 23 DE MARZO DE 1805 EN LA SANTA IGLESIA CATEDRAL DE CÓRDOVA DEL TUCUMAN, POR EL ILUSTRISIMO SEÑOR DOCTOR DON ANGEL MARI- ANO MOSCOSO.... Lima. 1806. [6],52pp. Small quarto. Later half cloth and patterned boards, gilt leather label on cover. Contemporary ownership inscription on titlepage, older library ink stamp on verso of titlepage. Light foxing; some slight worming in gutter, not affecting text. Good.

Funerary work for Angel Mariano Moscoso (1733-1804), Bishop of Tucuman. Only one copy in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library. VARGAS UGARTE 3256. OCLC 79479280. $1550.

65. Funes, Gregorio: ENSAYO DE LA HISTORIA CIVIL DEL PAR- AGUAY, BUENOS-AIRES Y TUCUMAN. Buenos Aires. 1816-1817. Three volumes. Frontispiece portrait of the author in first volume. Contem- porary half calf and marbled boards. Slight wear and worming to spines, bit rubbed, else a fine set.

An important locally produced history of Buenos Aires and the surrounding area, composed from original documents, and the first history of Argentina written by a native author. Funes was a major figure in the revolution in Argentina and the publisher of one of the earliest newspapers issued regularly in the region. LeCLERC 1739. PALAU 95861. SABIN 26211. $1500.

66. [Gadsden Purchase]: LOS MILLONES DE LA MESILLA, Y SUS MISTERIOS...[cover title]. Acapulco. 1855. 29pp. 12mo. Gathered signatures, stitched as issued. Slight corner wear, cover leaf starting to separate at foot. Small, dark area of staining on front cover; scattered light foxing throughout. About very good.

A very rare Mexican imprint, publishing a protest against the “avaricia insaciable” of Santa Anna and other Mexican government officials involved in the Gadsden Purchase of 1854 (known in Mexico as La Venta de la Mesilla), in which the United States acquired what are now the southern portions of Arizona and New Mexico. The anonymous author condemns the corruption of the government and writes: “La palabra millones produce gran efecto de un avaro. ¡¡¡Millones!!! ¿Que importa el numero? Siete o Quince para Santa-Anna era lo mismo....No se trataba ni de Manga de Clavo, ni del Encero [sic]. Se trataba de la patria.” This edition was reprinted from the first edition published in Morelia, of which only two copies are known. Of the present Acapulco imprint, only one other copy has been located, at the Instituto Mora in Mexico City. $2250. 67. Gage, Thomas: NOUVELLE RELATION, CONTENANT LES VOYAGES DE THOMAS GAGE DANS LA NOUVELLE ES- PAGNE, SES DIVERSES AVANTURES, & SON RETOUR PAR LA PROVINCE DE NICARAGUA, JUSQUES A LA HAVANE. AVEC LA DESCRIPTION DE LA VILLE DE MEXIQUE.... Amsterdam: Paul Marret, 1720. Two volumes. 25,431; [9],360pp., plus two frontispieces, four folding maps, and four folding plates. Contemporary mottled calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Light wear to extremities, later bookplates on front pastedowns. Minor toning and foxing. Very good.

Thomas Gage (1603?-56) was an English Dominican friar who spent several decades in Spanish America as a missionary. He later became a Protestant and principal advisor to Oliver Cromwell. This work was first published in 1648 as The English-American His Travail by Sea and Land. It tells the story of Gage’s missionary adventures ministering to the Indians and living in the New World. The plates include three maps of the region and scenes of native life in Mexico and Guatemala. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 720/95. PALAU 96486. SABIN 26306. $1250.

The History of Peru by a Half-Inca Prince

68. Garcilaso de la Vega, “El Inca”: PRIMERA PARTE DE LOS COM- MENTARIOS REALES, QUE TRATAN DEL ORIGEN DE LOS YNCAS, REYES QUE FUERON DEL PERU, DE SU IDOLATRIA, LEYES, Y GOVIERNO EN PAZ Y EN GUERRA.... Lisbon: En la Of- ficina de Pedro Crasbeeck, 1609. [10],264 leaves plus engraved plate. Small folio. 18th-century red morocco, gilt. Corners bumped and lightly worn, head of spine slightly chipped, hinges rubbed. Bookplate of Henry Stevens of Vermont on front pastedown, old ink ownership stamp on titlepage. Minor paper repairs to first few leaves, minor scattered foxing and soiling. Very good.

The “Royal Commentaries” of the great half Spanish, half Inca historian, Garcilaso de la Vega. He was the foremost historian of early Peru, and his works are the basis of our knowledge of Incan history. Born in Cuzco, the son of a Spanish nobleman and an Indian princess, he was a second cousin to the last Incan rulers of Peru. He left Peru as a youth and lived in Spain the rest of his life. The Primera Parte... deals entirely with the Incan empire and the conquest of Peru. Spanish critic Menendez y Pelayo called it “the most genuinely American book that has ever been written, perhaps the only one in which a reflection of the soul of the conquered raced has survived.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 609/44. MEDINA, BHA 549. PALAU 354788. SABIN 98757. $17,500.

69. Garcilaso de la Vega, “El Inca”: PRIMERA PARTE DE LOS COM- MENTARIOS REALES, QUE TRATAN DE EL ORIGEN DE LOS INCAS, REIES, QUE FUERON DEL PERU, DE SU IDOLATRIA, LEIES, Y GOVIERNO. EN PAZ, Y EN GUERRA; DE SUS VI- DAS; Y CONQUISTAS.... Madrid: Nicolas Rodriguez Franco, 1723. [32], 351,[33]pp. Printed in double columns. Titlepage printed in red and black. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum. Occasional neat ink underlining, worm track in lower gutter of some fifty leaves. Very good.

Second Spanish edition of the “Royal Commentaries” of the great half Spanish, half Incan historian, Garcilaso de la Vega. He was the foremost historian of early Peru, and his works are the basis of our knowledge of Incan history. Born in Cuzco, the son of a Spanish nobleman and an Indian princess, he was a second cousin to the last Incan rulers of Peru. He left Peru as a youth and lived in Spain the rest of his life. Primera Parte... deals entirely with the Incan empire and the conquest of Peru. Spanish critic Menendez y Pelayo called it “the most genuinely American book that has ever been written, perhaps the only one in which a reflection of the soul of the conquered raced has survived.” Edited by Andres G. Barcia, who edited a collected set of Garcilaso de la Vega’s works in this period. SABIN 98757. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 723/58. MEDINA, BHA 2451. JCB (1) III:327. PALAU 354791 FIELD 589. BELL G28. HILL 678. $1500.

The Scholarly Edition of De Soto

70. Garcilaso de la Vega, “El Inca”: LA FLORIDA DEL INCA. HISTO- RIA DEL ADELANTADO, HERNANDO DE SOTO, GOVERNA- DOR, Y CAPITAN GENERAL DEL REINO DE LA FLORIDA. Y DE OTROS HEROICOS CABELLEROS, ESPAÑOLES, E IN- DIOS. Madrid: Nicolas Rodriguez Franco, 1723. [32],268,[12]pp. Printed in double columns. Titlepage printed in red and black. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, pigskin loops, ties perished. Vellum a bit soiled. Moderate stain in center of nine leaves, most severe on leaf O4, where it has caused a hole affecting six words. Else very good.

The second edition of Garcilaso de la Vega’s great work on De Soto and the aborigines of Florida, edited by Andres G. Barcia, as a companion to his Ensayo Cronologico..., which is sometimes found bound with this work. The very rare first edition appeared in two issues in Lisbon in 1605. The author, the extraordinary half-Incan historian, obtained a great portion of the material contained in this work directly from a member of De Soto’s ill-fated expedition, as well as from two manuscripts of unquestioned authority written by two other members of the expedition. Al- though for a period of the 19th century Garcilaso de la Vega’s three great works on the conquests of Peru and Florida were subject to skepticism on the part of some historians, time and further scholarship have established their authenticity, and this publication is now regarded as one of the primary works on the events with which it deals. See Field for a good discussion of Garcilaso de la Vega’s life and works. FIELD 588. JCB (1)III:328. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 732/57. MEDINA, BHA 2452. PALAU 354793. SABIN 98745. BELL V49. SERVIES 293. HOWES B130 (ref ). GRIFFIN 2480. HILL 680. $2000.

The Narrative of the Gentleman of Elvas

71. [Gentleman of Elvas]: HISTOIRE DE LA CONQUESTE DE LA FLORIDE, PAR LES ESPAGNOLS, SOUS FERDINAND DE SOTO. Paris: Denys Thierry, 1685. [24],300pp. 12mo. Contemporary speckled calf, spine gilt extra. Corners bumped and rubbed. Contemporary bookplate on front pastedown, later bookplates on rear pastedown. Internally clean. Near fine.

The first available edition of this extremely important narrative, preceded by the 1557 original (of which only four copies are known) and two issues published by Richard Hakluyt in 1609 and 1611, in English. The identity of the Gentleman of Elvas has remained a mystery. His narrative is the primary source for information concerning the De Soto expedition of 1539-43, the first investigation by Europeans of the southeast region of the United States. De Soto landed on the west coast of Florida in 1539, marching north through Georgia and west to Mobile Bay. His party reached the Mississippi River in 1541 and went perhaps as far as the present Oklahoma-Arkansas border. Re- turning east, De Soto died and was buried in the Mississippi. The survivors floated to the Gulf and made it to Mexico. SABIN 24864. SERVIES 218. PALAU 256843. CLARK I:8. JCB (2)II:1324. $6000.

The De Soto Expedition

72. [Gentleman of Elvas]: COLLECÇAO DE OPUSCULOS REIM- PRESSOS RELATIVOS A HISTORIA DAS NAVEGAÇOES, VIAGENS, E CONQUISTAS DOS PORTUGUEZES. Lisbon. 1844. [6],xii,139,[9]pp. Small quarto. Original pink printed wrappers bound into modern green buckram, spine gilt. A few library ink stamps; a few leaves toned, else quite clean and crisp internally. Very good. Untrimmed and un- opened.

The second Portuguese edition, after the legendary 1557 first account of the De Soto expedition, Relaçam Verdadeira..., written by the Gentleman of Elvas and of which only four copies are known. The identity of the Gentleman of Elvas has remained a mystery. His firsthand narrative is the primary source for information concerning the De Soto expedition of 1539-43, the first investigation by Europeans of the southeast region of the United States. De Soto landed on the west coast of Florida in 1539, marching north through Georgia and west to Mobile Bay. His party reached the Mississippi River in 1541 and then went to Arkansas, going as far west as Fort Smith. Returning east, De Soto died and was buried in the Mis- sissippi. The survivors floated to the Gulf and made it to Mexico. SABIN 14363, 24895 (ref ). $850.

A Massive Collection of Guatemalan and Central American Imprints, 1800-1910

73. [Guatemala]: [COLLECTION OF SEVERAL THOUSAND CEN- TRAL AMERICAN IMPRINTS FROM THE 19th CENTURY, PRIMARILY FROM GUATEMALA, BUT ALSO NICARAGUA, HONDURAS, COSTA RICA, AND EL SALVADOR; TOGETHER WITH HUNDREDS OF DOCUMENTS FROM THE EARLY 20th CENTURY]. [Guatemala, and various locations in Central America. 1800- 1910]. More than 2000 printed items. With much additional later printed material. Various sizes, with many folios, broadsides, and octavo pamphlets. A few documents soiled or lightly dampstained, with scattered wear and chipping. Some age toning and foxing, scattered minor worming. Many items housed in individual plastic sleeves or paper folders. Overall, very good.

A remarkable collection of Central American material, with over 2000 imprints from the 19th and early 20th centuries. Most of the items were printed in various locales in Guatemala, with a scattering of imprints from El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras, and Costa Rica. The imprints included span the breadth of the 19th century and on into the 20th. Approximately seventy-five percent of these date from the 1820s to the 1880s. This rich collection holds a tremendous amount of research potential in a number of areas. It includes a significant number of ephemeral broadsides and other political material, documenting the turbulent political scene in Guatemala from independence to the early 20th century. Guatemala and the rest of Central America – El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras, and Costa Rica – declared independence from Spain on Sept. 15, 1821. This federation lasted until 1840, when civil war tore the region into separate states. From there, a series of presidencies and lengthy dictatorships dominated the political landscape, all documented in the material of the present collection. One important broadside from 1854 proclaims President Rafael Carrera (1814-65) to be the supreme and perpetual leader of Guatemala for life, a position he held from 1851 until his death in 1865. There are extensive runs of select items, such as the Mensaje de Presidente and the rebuttal Contestacions de l’Assemble, which run from the 1850s through the early 1900s (about 100 items). There is also a series of discursos commemorating Central American independence dating to roughly the same time frame (about forty items). Several runs of official periodicals are also included here, among them the Boletin Oficial (about sixty issues from the 1830s); and the Boletin de Noticias (seventeen issues from the 1870s), which documents the last days of the government of Vicente Cerna Sandoval. In the later material there is a significant number of political broadsides and proclamas from the presidency of dictator Manuel Estrada Cabrera, many bearing a woodcut portrait of the president. Cabrera (1857-1924) was in office from 1898 to 1920, suppressing several revolts against his rule. Additionally, there are periodicals, government publications, and numerous pamphlets on a wide variety of subjects. The 1870s saw a flurry of moderniza- tion in Guatemala, and this collection mirrors that activity, with more imprints (approximately 600) from that decade than any other. A handful of items from the mid- to late-19th century concern the lottery, the circus, bullfights, and the theatre in Guatemala. There is also a discrete cache of medical-related material, covering cholera outbreaks, whooping cough, and similar topics. Another segment covers the development of the railroad and the telegraph in Guatemala and Cen- tral America. There are also pamphlets on subjects such as religion, the military, economics, laws, and more. An impressive and extensive collection, documenting hundreds of years of Guatemalan history. This collection was built over many years by a scholar of the region, and clearly could not be equaled today. $125,000.

74. [Guatemala]: [Spain – Laws, Statutes]: CON FECHAS DE 18 DE SETIEMBRE 14 20 Y 25 DE OCTUBRE Y 10 DE NOVIEMBRE DEL AÑO PROXIMO PASADO ME HA DIRIGIDO EL EXC- MO. SR. SECRETARIO DE ESTADO Y DEL DESPACHO DE LA GOBERNACION DE ULTRAMAR LAS LEYES DECRETADAS POR LAS CÒRTES Y SANCIONADAS POR S.M., Y LAS RE- ALES ÓRDENES DE REMISION QUE À LA LETRA SIGUEN [caption title]. [Guatemala. 1821]. [18]pp. Small folio. Stitched. Ink stains and dust soiling on final leaf verso. Light foxing and dampstaining. Very good.

A Guatemalan imprint of several decrees passed by the Spanish legislative assembly, the Còrtes, in 1820. The assembly existed for three years, from 1820 to 1822, during the so-called Trienio Liberal, when a military coup forced Ferdinand VII to institute a more liberal form of government. He eventually defeated those forces with the aid of the French and re-established an absolute monarchy. The decrees included here order pensions to be granted to those families who suffered for their adherence to the Constitution, first promulgated in 1812, and offers amnesty to all those who were forced to emigrate from Spain because of their political views, among other actions. The longest decree addresses enrollments in the Spanish navy, and the provision of men for Spanish warships. The final leaf bears the printed signature of Gavino Gaínza, who at this point was the head of the Spanish provincial and military government in Guatemala, but who later in 1821 would sign the Act of Independence of Central America and declare the country’s independence from Spain. Rare, not in Medina or OCLC. $850.

75. Hall, Francis: COLOMBIA: ITS PRESENT STATE, IN RESPECT OF CLIMATE, SOIL, PRODUCTIONS, POPULATION, GOV- ERNMENT, COMMERCE, REVENUE, MANUFACTURES, ARTS, LITERATURE, MANNERS, EDUCATION, AND IN- DUCEMENTS TO EMIGRATION. Philadelphia: A. Small, E. Parker, E. Littell, and Marot & Walter, 1825. 131pp. Contemporary drab boards, rebacked with later red cloth, colored paper label on front cover. Corners worn. Front inner hinge separated from text block. Lightly foxed. Good.

First American edition of Hall’s compendium of information about Colombia, first published in London in 1824, with summaries of the geography, climate, soil, agriculture, society, and commerce. The second part of the text is devoted to “inducements to emigration” and includes remarks on the “natural advantages of emigration to Colombia, disposition of the government towards foreign settlers, character of the inhabitants as it affects foreign settlers, modes of emigration and description of persons most proper for this purpose, preparations necessary, choice of place, difficulties arising from differences of language, customs, and religion, and diseases of the climate.” SHOEMAKER 20787. $600.

Governing New Spain in the 1580s: The Career of an Adventurer in Mexico and His Quarrels with the Viceroy

76. [Herrera, Martin de]: [AUTOGRAPH REPORT, SIGNED, DE- SCRIBING MARTIN DE HERRERA’S SERVICE TO THE CROWN, HIS ADVENTURES, AND THE MALICE OF THE VICEROY OF NEW SPAIN, ALVARO MANRIQUE DE ZUNI- GA]. [Mexico]. 1588. 60pp. in a clear and legible hand. Folio. Folded sheets, stitched. Top 1½ inches of each leaf lacking due to insect damage and damp- ness. Minor soiling. Else about very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

An interesting contemporary manuscript account written by Capt. Martin de Her- rera describing the misdeeds and abuses of the Viceroy of New Spain, don Alvaro Manrique de Zuniga, Marquis de Villamanrique, as well as Herrera’s exploits in the New World. The Diccionario Universal de Historia de Geografia states:

This Viceroy, brother of the Duke of Bejar and a member of one of the most illustrious families of Spain, took up office on 17th October, 1585, and resigned in February 1590. He had bitter contentions with the Dominican, Franciscan and Augustinian Provincials over the question of compliance with the King’s instructions with regard to the secularisation of the curacies which those orders administered....In 1587 Sir Francis Drake seized the ship Santa Ana off the coast of California, bearing merchandise from China and Japan. Drake had travelled the Pacific previously, causing damage to the provinces of Jalisco and Sinaloa. The Viceroy had ordered the ships at Acapulco to be in readiness and nominated Dr. Palacios as head of the expedition, but although these ships pursued the English, they were unable to find them. Grave questions arose between the Viceroy and the Audiencia at Guadalajara on judicial matters, which led to a rising of the troops on both sides. The news of these differences was probably exaggerated, but caused much uneasiness at the Court of Spain, which feared civil war, for which reason they hastened to remove the Marquis de Villamanrique from the supreme command, and appointed as Inspector (Visitador) the Bishop of Puebla, Don Diego Romano, who treated the Marques very harshly, ordering his property to be seized, even to the wearing apparel of the Marquesa; but although the Council for the In- dies ordered the embargo to be removed, the Marquis died in Madrid without having recovered his property.

This report, which gives the other version of the matter, is methodically divided into 101 paragraphs and describes in minute detail all his trespasses: the indignities to which he subjected the high ecclesiastical and other officials; his high-handed attitude in dismissing certain members of the Treasury, replacing competent admin- istrators with his own servants; and a full catalogue of his iniquities. The writer states that he is not prompted by malice, but rather by an honest desire to serve his king and country’s interests in reporting these incidents. The Governor began his campaign of annoyance by issuing orders before he had been properly sworn in as Viceroy. He then proceeded to dismiss as many officials as he pleased, in defiance of the King’s express wishes, and appointed his own friends in the vacated positions. He ordered that Don Diego Caballero, a priest who reported certain irregularities to the Visitador, should be arrested and sent to Acapulco for banishment to Peru; he subsequently rescinded the order, and, to the indignation of the people, had the priest conveyed back to San Juan de Ulloa in a wooden cage, in which he passed through the Indian encampments and infected areas “with no other object in view than that this honored and esteemed priest should die under such conditions.” Herrera was a particular bête-noir of the Viceroy, having been one of the principal informants against him. He states how he called on the Viceroy and told him he had been “a respected resident of that city for twenty-five years, and had in every way served His Majesty (Philip II), helping to guard the city of Mexico with his arms and horses...”; and how he was at the port of San Juan de Ulloa when the corsair Juan Aquines [Hawkins] took it; and how he was amongst those who defended the port of Acapulco “against the corsair, Francisco Draque [Drake] when he sailed the Pacific.” He relates how his ancestor, Capt. Juan de Herrera, had died in the service of the King, at Castelnovo; how his uncle, Francisco de Her- rera, had arrested Francis I of France; how his father’s three brothers had died one day in the service of the Emperor (Charles V); and how he had been amongst the conquerors of the Philippines. When he attempted to obtain permission to travel, the Viceroy ordered him to be arrested, his house searched, and many of his papers seized. Herrera escaped, however, leaving behind his wife and children, and tried to board one of the ships of the Spanish fleet. Arriving at Tlaxcala, however, he sought sanctuary at the Franciscan monastery of Atiliqueza, where the Viceroy’s men ran him to ground, with warrants to seize him whether he happened to be in a monastery or a church. He was therefore obliged to flee to a place where the Viceroy had no authority. This lengthy report also includes a most interesting relation of the vicissitudes of Martin de Herrera and his brother, Diego, and their efforts to enlist the sympathy of the Consejo de Indias. A fascinating contemporary accounting of 16th-century Spanish America. MAGGS, BIBLIOTECA AMERICANA IV:2652 (1925) (this manuscript, then offered for the equivalent of $255). $47,500.

South American Revolutions

77. Hippisley, G.: A NARRATIVE OF THE EXPEDITION TO THE RIVERS ORINOCO AND APURE, IN SOUTH AMERICA; WHICH SAILED FROM ENGLAND IN NOVEMBER 1817, AND JOINED THE PATRIOTIC FORCES IN VENEZUELA AND CARACCAS. London. 1819. xix,[1],653,[1]pp., with additional errata slip tipped in. Later calf, elaborately stamped in gilt on covers and spine. Extremi- ties very lightly rubbed. Some light scattered foxing. Very good, with bookplate of Alberto Parreño on front pastedown.

Hippisley served as a colonel in the First Venezuelan Hussars, as part of the British brigade sent to South America to assist in the war for independence in Venezuela. The account includes a description of the voyage to South America, with stops at St. Bartholomew, Grenada, St. Lucia, and other points in the Caribbean. The appendix prints a list of the officers of the First Venezuelan Hussars, as well as other documents, orders, etc., issued by Venezuelan leaders, including Bolivar. A fascinating account of South American independence movements, Bolivar, etc., notwithstanding Sabin’s assertion that Lord Byron used the book to put himself to sleep. “An esteemed and scarce work” – Palau. SABIN 31988. PALAU 114859. $2250. The British Assess How to Grab Spanish Colonial Holdings in America

78. Hope, Charles: [AUTOGRAPH MANUSCRIPT, TOGETHER WITH AN AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM CHARLES HOPE TO LORD MELVILLE, CONCERNING POSSIBLE AC- TIONS TO BE TAKEN IN THE EVENT OF WAR WITH SPAIN]. Granton, Edinburgh. Oct. 22, 1804. 12; 2pp. Quarto letter with folio memorandum. Both with old fold lines. Minor wear and soiling. Very good.

A fascinating memorandum entitled “Hints as to the Conduct of this Country, in the Event of a Spanish War,” together with the accompanying cover letter, written by Scottish MP Charles Hope to Lord Melville. The memorandum presents a clear outline of a detailed scheme for English commercial advancement under the guise of a war with Spain. The objective is two-fold: first to gain lucrative trade opportunities in South America and the South Seas; secondly to compromise the power of the French empire and gain international commercial advantage over France while gaining favor with Spain and colonies in the Americas in the peace that will follow. At the time of writing this assessment and strategy, Hope was a Member of Parliament for Edinburgh, appointed Lord Advocate, and serving as Lord Justice Clerk. In his cover letter Hope writes:

Founded on the conversation we had on the conduct of the war, on our journey to London last year, I now send you a sketch of the conduct which I think this country ought to follow in our hostilities with Spain. The general ideas, I know, coincide with your own, & if any one hint of mine as to the detail can be of use, I am satisfied. I am so convinced of the immense advantages which will result to this country, if some such plan is adopted, if I were unmarried I would cheerfully renounce my other prospects & go out as Commercial Envoy with the Southern Armament.

Hope’s well thought-out memorandum proposes specific strategies, mentions desired commodities, and stresses the necessity for developing and maintaining peaceful alliances. He also presents for consideration the long-term results of the Span- ish Conquest of Mexico and Peru to form a superior strategy to gain commercial supremacy over unsuspecting nations. A calculated formation of war strategy with trade interests at its core, the content is provocative, persuading, unadulterated, and reflective of the very design of war. The document opens by remarking that Spain seems an unwilling adversary, pressured into war by France. “Therefore if we go to war with Spain, I think it is not our interest to humble & weaken Spain. The more she is humbled & weakened, the more decidedly she must in future become subservient to the views of France....” He writes that conquering Spanish colonies is not the route to take, as England proved with her own American colonies. The real key is having English access to trade, rather than control over the government of the colony itself:

I would therefore make a Spanish war, if we must have one...entirely subservient to the opportunity of laying open the trade of the Spanish colonies on the continent of America. If we can accomplish this, it will open sources of commerce, & create a demand for our manufactures, which would soon com- pensate for any restrictions which the power of France on the continent may be able to perpetuate at the Peace. It will give us a great part of the bullion of America, without bringing with it the evils which Spain experiences from the possession of the riches of Mexico & Peru. To us the gold & silver of those countries will flow in the natural & beneficial channels of Industry & Com- merce. They will come as the returns, & again act as the means of encouraging our manufactures....

He continues, writing that as they cannot rescue European Spain from France’s power and influence, they should “consider her so far our enemy as to capture her Marine, & destroy her commerce as much as possible, so as to render her assistance of the least possible use to France, & her commerce the means of encouraging & enriching our own seamen, who against France, will meet only with hard blows & hardships.” He reiterates that the colonies should be left relatively unmolested, to govern themselves as usual. He then goes on to expound on individual colonies and the gains that England can find in them:

Those in the West Indies, such as the Havannah, Carthagena, Porto Bello, &c. are of little use except as stations & stages for carrying on the regulated & circuitous commerce between Spain & her colonies on the main. The capture of them would distress Spain, with little benefit to ourselves. Besides, they are all very strong places, & would cost much blood & expence to take & keep them, & would infallibly be restored at the Peace....Instead, therefore, of expeditions for capturing the Spanish colonies, I would fit out commercial armaments, if I may use the phrase, for the purpose of opening a direct trade with the Spanish Main....I would on the Eastern coast of America, possess ourselves of Vera Cruz in the Gulf of Mexico & I would hold this mainly as a Factory, leaving as much as possible the people in possession of their property, government, religion, & prejudices. This port would open to us a direct trade with the whole empire of Mexico, & if we conduct ourselves there at first with good faith, & a proper regard for the interests of the people, they will never suffer us to be excluded & will infallibly shake off the Spanish yoke, if that should be stipulated at the Peace.

He lays down similar plans for South America, going into extensive detail as to how to proceed. Charles Hope (1763-1851) was a Scottish politician and judge. The eldest son of John Hope, he studied law at Edinburgh University. He was admitted as an advocate in 1784 and was appointed sheriff of Orkney in 1792. From 1803 to 1805 he was a Member of Parliament for Edinburgh and was appointed Lord Ad- vocate from 1801 to 1804. He was raised to the bench as Lord Granton and held the office of Lord Justice Clerk from 1804 to 1811. That year he was promoted to be Lord President of Court of Sessions, an office he essentially held until 1841. Appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1822, Hope was also an active Colonel of the Edinburgh volunteers. He lived in the Granton area of Edinburgh. $7500.

Economic Development through Better Roads

79. Jáuregui, Juan Tomás de: MEMORIA SOBRE PROPORCIONAR ARBITRIOS PARA LA CONSTRUCCION DE CAMINOS EN ESTA JURISDICCION. Havana: en la imprenta de Estevan Bolona, 1795. 12pp. Quarto. Original plain wrappers. Fine. In a quarter dark red morocco clamshell case.

Jáuregui (d. 1809) was the “primer consul del Real Tribunal del Consulado” in Cuba, and it was the Consulado’s “Junta de Gobierno” that ordered this report published, although his was the minority report. At the Crown’s urging, such Consulados had been created throughout the Empire to aim at economic development and commercial improvement of the various regions of the New World under Spanish control, in good Enlightenment fashion. Public works and land use are traditionally fraught with concern and intransigence on the part of the various parties involved, and in the Cuban case at hand, this was certainly so; the Junta had appointed a four-member committee “para meditar los arbitrios que conceptuasen mas oportunos y menos gravosos para la formacin de caminos” (“to decide the tax rates that will be least burdensome but still will bring about the most timely creation of [good] roads”). Jáuregui’s opinion was clearly and concisely expressed and shows a progressive tax structure differentiating users of the roads and the wear each category was most likely to create. Handsomely printed on extremely good quality paper. Searches of NUC, World- Cat, COPAC, CCPB, and the OPACs of the national libraries of Mexico and Spain locate only three copies (two in the U.S. and one in Chile). One of the U.S. copies is incomplete. How many copies may be in Cuban libraries is unknown. SABIN 35823. TRELLES, BIBLIOGRAFIA CUBANA DE LOS SIGLOS XVII y XVIII (2nd ed) 166. MEDINA, HABANA 130. $4850.

The Phillipps Copy

80. [ Jesuits]: RETRATO DE LOS JESUITAS FORMADO AL NATU- RAL POR LOS MAS SÁBIOS, Y MAS ILUSTRES CATHÓLICOS. JUICIO HECHO DE LOS JESUITAS, AUTORIZADO CON AU- TÉNTICOS, É INNEGABLES TESTIMONIOS, POR LOS MAY- ORES, Y MAS ESCLARECIDOS HOMBRES DE LA IGLESIA, Y DEL ESTADO; DESDE EL AÑO DE 1540, EN QUE FUE SU FUNDACION, HASTA EL DE 1650. TRADUCIDO DE PORTU- GUES EN CASTELLANO.... Madrid: En la Oficina de la Viuda de Eliseo Sanchez, 1768. [8],142pp. Quarto. Middle Hill paper covered boards, manuscript title on spine. Boards held soundly by cords, paper torn along upper spine. Titlepage stained. A bit of minor staining and foxing. Withal, about very good.

This copy is from the famed library of Sir Thomas Phillipps, bound in his typical tan boards from his bindery at Middle Hill. Second edition, following a Lisbon edition of 1761, and the first edition in Spanish. This is the first part of a three- volume work on the history of the Jesuits, from their approval by Pope Paul III in 1540, through 1650. It includes testimonies from church leaders and others, and traces the history of the order year by year, with much information on their activities in Europe and the Americas. The book was produced in the midst of the sup- pression of the Jesuit order and was likely intended to help in their reinstatement. The present volume concludes with 1624. This edition is not listed in Palau, and OCLC lists only two copies, both at the University of California, Berkeley. Rare. PALAU 263220 (another ed). OCLC 19968516. $1500.

The Types of Cuba in Local Engravings

81. [Landaluze, Victor Patricio de (illustrator); José María de Cárdenas y Rodriguez; et al]: LOS CUBANOS PINTADOS POR SI MISMOS. COLECCION DE TIPOS CUBANOS. EDICION DE LUJO IL- LUSTRADA POR LANDALUZE CON GRABADOS DE D. JOSE ROBLES. TOMO I. Havana: Imprenta y papelería de Barcina, 1852. 332,[2]pp. plus lithographic frontispiece, twenty engraved plates, and numerous in-text woodcuts. Modern half morocco and marbled boards. Scattered foxing. Occasional contemporary ink and pencil graffiti and notes on plates and text leaves. Overall very good.

One of the most important works of costumbrismo in Latin America, and the first collection of its kind in Cuba, with contributions from several notable Cuban writers, and illustrated by Victor Patricio de Landaluze. In the early 1800s a large number of authors and artists in Spain participated in the costumbrismo movement, an important precursor to later 19th-century realism that generally involved written or pictorial sketches of a particular country’s or region’s social “types,” customs, and manners. By 1830 the movement had spread to Cuba, among both native authors and Spanish artists traveling abroad. In the latter category was Victor Patricio de Landaluze (1828-89), the illustrator of the present volume, who eventually settled in Cuba and founded the satirical newspaper, Don Junípero. Los Cubanos Pinta- dos... features twenty of Landaluze’s illustrations of Cuban types (“La coqueta,” “El tabaquero,” “El litigante,” etc.), engraved on plates by Jose Robles, and includes numerous in-text woodcut illustrations by Robles. The chalk-style lithographic frontispiece view, presumably by Landaluze, depicts a crowd viewing “Tipos Cubanos” in a peepshow box at an outdoor gathering. A total of thirty-eight types are described in the volume, often in a combination of prose, dialogue, and verse, by a variety of Cuban costumbre writers, most notably José Victoriano Betancourt, Manuel Costales, Manuel Zequeira, and José María de Cárdenas y Rodriguez. In her “Survey of Cuban Costumbrismo,” Roberta Day Corbitt discusses Cárdenas at length, noting the “humorous irony of Cervantes” in his costumbre satire. Corbitt also cites Cuban biographer Francisco Calcagno, who states that between Cárdenas and writer Anselmo Suárez, “the two have made the most complete and finished picture of the physical and moral condition of a country which was ever traced by the pen of any writer” (Corbitt, p.43). A significant and surprisingly rare volume, with no copies listed on OCLC. Dawn Ades, Art in Latin America: The Modern Era 1820-1980 (New Haven: Yale Univer- sity Press, 1989), pp.85, 348. Roberta Day Corbitt, “A Survey of Cuban Costumbrismo” in Hispania, Vol. 33, No. 1 (February 1950), pp.41-45. $13,500.

A Santa Fe Trader in Baja California

82. Leese, Jacob P.: HISTORICAL OUTLINE OF LOWER CALIFOR- NIA. New York. 1865. 46pp. Modern mottled calf, gilt. Extremities rubbed. Bookplate on front pastedown. Minor soiling. Very good.

A scarce work on Baja California. “Jacob Primer Leese was a Santa Fe trader who settled in San Francisco in 1836 and engaged in the hide and tallow trade with Yankee ships. He married a sister of General Vallejo and became very wealthy. In 1863, Leese and other promoters founded the Mexican Mining and Colonization Company and obtained a land grant from the Mexican government of some 46,800 square miles between the 24th and 31st parallels of latitude in Baja California. They failed to meet their obligations, however, and the grant was transferred to another party in 1866. This outline was written ‘in the interest of the Mexican Mining and Colonization Company.’ In addition to details on the grant, it provides material on the discovery, early settlements, missions, minerals, and pearl fisheries of Baja California” – Hill. BARRETT 1460. HILL 998. SABIN 39834. $2250.

Arguments over Church Responsibility to the Indians in Peru

83. [Liñan y Cisneros, Melchor, and Montero del Aguila, Diego Andrés]: OFENSA, Y DEFENSA DE LA LIBERTAD ECLESIASTICA. LA PRIMERA EN VEINTE Y QVATRO CAPITULOS, QUE MANDÒ PUBLICAR EL EXCELENTISSIMO SEÑOR DUQUE DE LA PALATA, VIRREY DEL PERÚ, EN DESPACHO DE 20 DE FEBRERO DE 1684. Y LA SEGUNDA ARMADA CON LOS ESCUDOS CATOLICOS DE LA LEY, Y LA RAZON, QUE ES- TABLECEN LOS DOMINIOS DE SU MAGESTAD, Y DICTÒ SU PROPRIA OBLIGACION AL EXCELENTISSIMO SEÑOR DR. D. MELCHOR DE LIÑAN Y CISNEROS, ARÇOBISPO DE LIMA. [Spain? 1685]. [208]pp. (104 numbered leaves). Woodcut vignette on titlepage and ornamental initial on first page of text. In Spanish and Latin. Folio. Dbd. Occasional contemporary marginalia. 7½-inch tear in four terminal leaves, repaired with early glue and archival tape, affecting but not obscuring text. Very good.

A rare Peruvian work, with debated authorship and printing, documenting a major conflict between government and ecclesiastical authorities in Peru on issues of the Church’s responsibility to the Indians. The text, written by or on behalf of Don Melchor Liñan y Cisneros, the authoritarian archbishop of Lima and interim viceroy of Peru between 1678 and 1681, attacks recent legislation by the current viceroy, Melchor de Navarra y Rocafull, Duke of la Palata, intended to protect Peru’s indigenous people from abuses by the Church. The first portion of the volume reprints the new laws, which establish various new rights of Indians with respect to the Church, including the power of police to bring charges against ecclesiastics for abuses of Indians, pay for all Indian labor done for the Church, and no involuntary offerings forced from Indians during masses, festivities, etc. Liñan y Cisneros responds to this “offense” against “ecclesiastical liberty” with a letter and legal argument against this legislation and similar recent treatises on the subject directed against the Church. Manuscript notes in the John Carter Brown copy and in the copy seen by Vargas Ugarte suggest that, despite Liñan y Cisneros’s printed signature at the end of the volume, the bulk of the text was composed by attorney and legal scholar Diego Andrés Montero del Aguila. While Vargas Ugarte lists the work as a Lima imprint in his Impresos Peruanos, he later wrote that the Viceroy had unsurprisingly not authorized the work for printing in Peru and that the Archbishop in turn circumvented his authority and had it printed by Fraso and López y Martinez in Spain. OCLC lists six copies, including four in the U.S., at Berkeley, Brown, the Graduate Theological Union, and the Newberry Library. MEDINA, BHA 8479. PALAU 138613. VARGAS UGARTE, IMPRESOS PERUANOS 774. Rubén Vargas Ugarte, Historia General de Perú, Vol. III (Lima, 1966), pp.374-77. OCLC 82832397 ( JCB copy, with notes). $6500.

John Carter Brown’s Copy, Acquired from Stevens

84. Lopez de Cogolludo, Diego: HISTORIA DE YUCATHAN. Madrid: Juan Garcia Infanzon, 1688. [2],760,[31]pp. Lacks engraved half title and thirteen preliminary leaves. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum with remnants of ties. Front joint (inside) starting to open. Scattered foxing including on titlepage, short tear in titlepage repaired, some staining in early margins and into text. Doodling in many margins, ink stains from a careless quill user on several pages. John Carter Brown’s stamped signature on p.1. A less than perfect copy that does not “feel” maimed, and a copy with a distinguished provenance to match the distinction of the work. Provenance: Small book label of “Marchio Regaliae D.D. 1741.” John Carter Brown (1797-1874) purchased this from Henry Stevens in 1845/1846; on his death to his son John Nicholas Brown (1861-1900); on his death deeded to the John Carter Brown Library; deaccessioned 2008.

In this account of the conquest and Spanish settlement of the Yucatan, Lopez de Cogolludo, a Franciscan missionary and administrator originally from Alcal de Henares, presents a sought-after account. He had access to a manuscript version of Bishop Landa’s work and consulted such important printed sources as Torquemada. He also presents his personal eye-witness accounts of events during his thirty years among the Maya (1634-65). Robert Patch says in the Encyclopedia of Latin American History & Culture that Lopez de Cogolludo wrote this history in the 1650s and that it is “a major source not only for the history of Yucatan but also for the study of Maya culture.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 688/151. MEDINA, BHA 1821. PALAU 141001. Ency- clopedia of Latin American History & Culture III, p.458. $9250.

Important Source for Primary Material on the New World

85. Martyr, Peter; Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo; and Giovanni Ramusio: [SUMMARIO DE LA GENERAL HISTORIA DE L’INDIE OC- CIDENTALI...(title on verso of first leaf )]. Venice. 1534. 79; 64,[2]; [15] leaves. Double-sheet map. Woodcut illustrations in text. Contemporary vellum, manuscript title on spine, raised bands. Neat bookplate on front pastedown, old bookseller’s label on rear pastedown. Contemporary ownership signature on front free endpaper. Title-leaf and first leaf of text remargined, not affecting text. Slight dampstaining in upper outer corner of first thirty-four leaves. Closed tear in leaf 56. Occasional contemporary ink notations in margins, manuscript start of an index on rear fly leaf. Two small burn holes in map, not affecting any printed area. Overall very good. In a half brown morocco and cloth slipcase.

This important collection of voyages and narratives is the work of several authors, although most bibliographers attribute it to Peter Martyr, a translation of whose work makes up the first section. The present volume is one of the first attempts anywhere to assemble a group of accounts of travel and exploration. It was probably assembled for publication by the Venetian, Giovanni Ramusio, later famous for his much larger collection, Navigationi..., which began publication in 1554. Only the Montalboddo collection precedes it as a collection of voyage narratives outside Europe. This is the first collection to focus entirely on the New World. The Historia... is divided into three books. The first part is made up of material from the Decades of Peter Martyr, drawn from the edition of 1530, the first complete edition to present all eight Decades. The second and most important part is drawn from the first published work of the great historian and chronicler of the early West Indies, Gonzalo Fernandez de Oviedo’s De la Natural Hystoria de las Indias (Toledo, 1526). Since that pioneering work of Ameri- can natural history (which is a completely different book from Oviedo’s later Historia General...) is virtually unobtainable today, the present 1534 publication is the only form in which the first work of Oviedo can be had. Oviedo’s observations are the first accurate reports of New World plants and animals. He also provides one of the first accounts of Bermuda, where he tried to land while en route to Spain in 1515, only to be driven off by adverse winds. The distinction of being the first obtainable edition is also true of the third part, a translation of an anonymously written tract entitled La Conquista de Peru, first published in Seville, also in 1534, of which only three copies survive. It gives the text of the tract in full. Both are among the first published accounts of the conquest of Peru. The woodcuts in the text are both drawn from the work of Oviedo and made up by the Venetian printers. They are some of the earliest published images of the New World based on actual experience, as opposed to the fantasies of European woodcut artists. There is also a handsome double-page woodcut map of Hispaniola, an extremely early piece of detailed New World cartography. The earliest voyage collection focusing on the New World, a work of tremendous importance in the dissemination of knowledge of America to Europe. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 534/28. HARRISSE 190. CHURCH 69. ARENTS 3. JCB (3)I:114. SABIN 1565. STREETER SALE 13. $48,000.

The Conquest of Monterrey

86. [Mexican-American War]: CUARTEL GENERAL...EJERCITO DE OCCUPATION.... Monterey. Oct. 17, 1846. Broadside, 12¼ x 8½ inches. Old fold lines. Minor wear. Near fine. In a cloth clamshell case.

American forces, under the overall command of General Zachary Taylor, fought for control of the important city of Monterrey, Mexico during Sept. 22-28, 1846 in one of the most important battles of the Mexican-American War. The Mexican forces under Gen. Ampudia, trapped in the city plaza and bombarded with artillery, decided to negotiate, and Taylor agreed to a controversial armistice, lasting eight weeks. The occupation of the city was disrupted by the behavior of the American troops, especially the Texans, who were as a result sent back north. On Oct. 5 a Mexican lancer was shot while was riding through the streets – without provoca- tion – by an American soldier. Taylor was forced to ask for instructions on how to try the man, only to find that no American laws applied and that he could only discharge the man and send him home. With the present decree the U.S. Army tried to establish some legal principles for ruling the city in this period. All rights enjoyed by citizens under Mexican law are to be retained, including commercial laws for dealing with foreign merchants, excepting supplies purchased for the use of the army; additionally, no payments can benefit the government of Mexico, and every supplier of the army must be registered. $1500.

Forming the Mexican Constitution

87. [Mexican Constitution]: ACTA CONSTITUCIONAL PRESEN- TADA AL SOBERANO CONGRESO CONSTITUYENTE POR SU COMISION EL DIA 20 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 1823. Mexico: Imprenta del Supremo Gobierno en Palacio, [1823]. [2],vi,8pp. Folio. Self- wrappers. A clean, fresh copy. Near fine.

An important report issued by the commission that was established to draw up a new constitution for the then infant Republic of Mexico. It is the first important project to be presented by the commission, and is therefore of great significance for the history of Mexico and the parts of the United States which at the time were part of Mexico. The states of “the two Californias,” New Mexico and Texas, are listed as part of the federation. $2250.

Early Broadside of the Mexican Inquisition, 1602

88. [Mexican Imprint]: CONSTITUCION DE NUESTRO SANTIS- SIMO SEÑOR CLEMENTE POR LA DIVINA PROVIDENCIA PAPA OCTAVO...[caption title]. Mexico: Henrico Martinez, [1602]. Broadside, 17 x 12¼ inches. Old fold lines. Reinforced with silk along central horizontal fold. Two spots of minor loss along central vertical fold, minutely affecting text. Some minor discoloration. Very good.

An early Mexican broadside proclaiming the power of the Spanish Inquisition in the New World. The Inquisition had formally begun in New Spain in 1569, when Philip II established tribunals of the Holy Office at Mexico and Lima. It was specifically charged with vigilance against Moors, Jews, and New Christians. The great privileges it exercised and the dread with which Spaniards generally regarded the charge of heresy made the Inquisi- tion an effective check on dangerous thoughts, be they religious, political, or philosophical. The Inquisition largely relied on denunciations by informers and employed torture to secure confessions. The local natives were originally subject to the jurisdiction of Inquisitors, but were later exempted because, as recent converts of supposedly limited mental capacity, they were not fully responsible for their deviations from the faith. The first execution in the New World took place in 1574, and the tenth in 1596. Many of the victims of the Holy Office were amongst the Portuguese settlers who were persecuted for political rather than religious reasons. The present broadside reads, in translation:

Constitution of our most blessed Lord Clement by the Divine Providence Pope the Eighth against those who, not having been promoted to the sacred order of Priesthood, boldly take the authority of the Priests, dare to pretend to celebrate the Mass, and administer to the faithful the Sacrament of Penance.... Although at other times Pope Paul, our predecessor of happy memory, in order to refrain and repress the evil and sacrilegious temerity of some men, who not having been ordained priests, take daringly the priestly powers and presume the authority to celebrate the Mass and administration of the Sacrament of Penance; having determined that such delinquents should be delivered to the Judges of the Holy Inquisition, to the Curia and secular body so that due punishment would be administered to them; and after Pope Sixth the fifth of venerable memory, also our predecessor, had ordered that the so-mentioned decree be renewed and be kept and followed with all care; but the audacity of these men has gone so far that giving the pretext of ignorance of these decrees, the penalties, as has been stated, should be imposed against the transgressors who think they are not subject to them, and who pretend to liberate and ex- onerate themselves from them. For this reason we consider these persons to be lost and evil men, who not having been promoted to the Holy Order of Priesthood, dare to usurp the right to the celebration of the Mass; these men not only perform external acts of idolatry, in regard to exterior and visible signs of piety and religion, but inasmuch as it concerns them, they deceive the faithful Christians (who accept them as truly ordained and believe that they consecrate legitimately), and because of the faithful’s ignorance they fall into the crime of idolatry, proposing them only the material bread and wine so that they adore it as the true body and blood of Our Lord Jesus Christ; and that the same hearing the Sacramental Confession not only do not appreciate the dignity of the holy Sacrament of Penance, but also deceive the faithful, perversely taking the priestly role and the authority of absolving the sins with great danger, and causing the scandal of many. For this reason, so that the ones who commit these very serious heinous deeds be punished with due penalty, in the proper manner and with our scientific certainty and mature deliberation, and with the fullness of the Apostolic power, in accordance with the conscience of the Judges of the Holy Inquisition, and so that from now on no one can doubt the penalty that has to be imposed on those such delinquents, following the steps of our predecessors, for this constitution of perpetual value, we determine and establish that anyone, who without being promoted to the Sacred Order of Priesthood, would find that he who has dared to celebrate Mass or to hear Sacramental Confession, be separated from the Ecclesiastic body by the judges of the Holy Inquisition, or by the seculars, as not deserving of the mercy of the Church; and being solemnly demoted, from the Ecclesiastic Orders, if he had achieved some, is later to be turned over to the Curia and secular body, in order to be punished by the secular judges with the due penalties....

The proclamation is certified in manuscript at the bottom: “By order of the Sacred Office of the Inquisition of New Spain and its Provinces.” This region encompassed Spanish Florida, as well as Mexico. The history of the first half of the 16th century in Florida was marked by conflicts and various unsuccessful settlements by the Spanish, French, and English, who were all vying for possession of the peninsula. In 1656 a colony of Protestant Huguenots established on the St. Johns River was wiped out by Spaniards, who boasted of slaughtering the French, not for their nationality, but for their religion. This Spanish expedition founded St. Augustine, near the site of the annihilated French settlement. MEDINA, MEXICO 205. $12,500.

Mexico’s Greatest Illustrated Periodical from the 19th Century

89. [Mexican Lithography]: LA ORQUESTA. Mexico. 1867-1873. Six volumes of “Tercero Epoca.” 1867: Vol. I, nos. 1-54 ( Jun. 26 – Dec. 28, 1867); 1868: Vol. I, nos. 55-106 ( Jan. 2 – Jun. 27, 1868) and Vol. II, nos. 1-45 ( Jul. 1 – Dec. 30, 1868); 1869: Vol. II, nos. 46-149 ( Jan. 2 – Dec. 29, 1869); 1870: Vol. III, nos. 1-105 ( Jan. 5 – Dec. 31, 1870); 1871: Vol. IV, nos. 1-104 ( Jan. 4 – Dec. 30, 1871); 1873: Vol. VI, nos. 1-105 ( Jan. 1 – Dec. 31, 1873). Each issue 4pp., with one lithograph per issue. Folio. Contemporary half tan Mexican sheep and mottled boards, spine gilt. Some overall shelf wear, joints rubbed, text block of final volume loose in binding. In 1878 volume plate twelve has dime-size hole caused by paper flaw; and lacks No. 8, its plate, and plate 96, but has hors-series plate. 1869 volume lacks plate 118 but has added lithographed titlepage. 1871 volume lacks No. 5 and its plate. Instances of dampstaining, light foxing, a few plates wrinkled, contemporary ownership signatures on front free endpapers of first two volumes. Overall, very good.

A wonderful and extensive run of this 19th-century Mexican periodical, of great interest for its vast number of lithographic political cartoons. The more than 500 lithographic plates in this run of La Orquesta, all of which belong to the third series and most of which were executed by master draftsmen Constantino Escalante, Vicente Riva Palacio, and Hesiquio Iriarte, represent some of the most exquisite early specimens of Mexico’s nationalistic print-making art, a tradition that began with illustrations in a handful of liberal periodicals such as La Orquesta, and later blossomed to influence and encompass such prolific talents as Jose Guadalupe Posada and Jose Clemente Orozco. Popular lithography in 19th-century Mexico reached its zenith with the caricaturas, or political caricatures, such as those contained in La Orquesta. The narrative style of the cartoons combined with biting political satire and the use of decidedly Mexican emblematic metaphors evoke the peculiar Mexican caricaturas style. Al- though the lithographs reveal hints of French influence in matters of decorations, they reflect more the genesis of Mexico’s own satiric genre in lithography. This view is supported by Joyce Waddell Bailey, an authority on Mexican graphic art: “Outside of [a few] circumstantial affinities to the tradition of French magazines of caricature, we find little influence of a specific nature in the prints. Rather, the Mexican lithographs show highly original themes, and styles vary from artist to artist and journal to journal. To a certain extent we can see here traces of how highly creative artists work. A new idea or image may act as a stimulus, but it is combined in the artist’s own work with such agility and acuity that it becomes impossible to accurately delineate specific sources of influence” – Tyler (p.96). Indeed, Escalante and the staff of La Orquesta attained an international reputation, and even attracted Europeans hoping to learn the art of satirical lithography in their Mexico City shop. Sabin called La Orquesta the Mexican Punch, but the themes depicted remain fully Mexican. Each issue consists of four pages plus a single full-sheet lithographic plate with a printed caption. Besides being influential examples of Mexican lithography, the plates are of much interest as documents of the French intervention period in Mexico, the reign of Emperor Maximilian, and the political turmoil of the period. “La Orquesta, a periodical of political satire, established lithographic caricature as a field of its own through the excellent work of Constantino Escalante, virtual pillar of the publication until his untimely death in a railroad accident at Tlalpan in 1868” – Mathes. Manuel Toussaint, in his study of 19th-century Mexican lithography, describes the political caricatures in La Orquesta as “a terrible weapon at the command of caustic satire. Two colossal humorists debut here: Vicente Riva Palacio and Constantino Escalante. They did more with their pen and pencil than many a general has with an entire army. La Orquesta reveals, nay lays bare, an entire era in Mexican history.” This run also contains the very last image produced by Es- calante before his death in 1868 (Vol. II, No. 30) with the following issue devoted almost entirely to him. La Orquesta commenced publication in 1861 and was issued weekly through four series or epocas before ceasing publication sometime in 1877. The Union List of Serials locates partial sets at twelve North American libraries. The style and content of La Orquesta is a foundation for much of later Mexican art. Such influential graphic artists as Posada and Orozco drew directly on the images which appear here in shaping their styles, and thus La Orquesta is seminal to modern Latin American art. A gold mine of Mexican lithographic art and caricature. PALAU 204579. SABIN 57650. Ron Tyler, ed., Posada’s Mexico, pp.94-100 and passim. MATHES, MEXICO ON STONE, p.30. GRABADOS MEXICANOS: AN HISTORI- CAL EXHIBITION OF MEXICAN GRAPHICS 1839-1974 (Mount Holyoke College, 1974), passim. TOUSSAINT, LA LITOGRAFIA EN MEXICO EN EL SIGLO XIX (1934), p.xxvi. $22,500.

90. [Mexican National Railroad]: [TWO OFFICIAL MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENTS RELATING TO THE CONTRACT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE INTERCONTINENTAL RAILWAY IN MEXICO]. Mexico City. 1890-1891. [6]; [15]pp. Folio. Leather covers. Second document laid in. Some light, even toning; minor soiling. Very good.

A concession was granted on Nov. 15, 1889 to Feliciano San Roman for the construction of an intercontinental railway, extending from Matamoras to Tuxpan, with several branches, including one to Guatemala and one to Mexico City. Construction was to begin in 1891 and be completed by 1911. The two documents here relate to the construction of that railroad. Each document is notarized and bears official stamps, including statements of veracity by the American and British consuls to Mexico. The first document, laid in and dated December of 1890, states the agreement that the contract between San Roman and the authorities is contingent upon a deposit of 50,000 pesos in the National Bank. The second document outlines the legal details of the contract for the company headed by Señor San Roman, including verification of the deposit of the aforesaid 50,000 pesos. This document has a final date at the end of April 29, 1891 and is signed by British Consul Lionel Carden, who attests to the authenticity of the Governor’s signature on the document. $850.

92. [Mexico]: CARTILLA, Y DOCTRINA ESPIRITUAL, PARA LA CRIANZA, Y EDUCACION DE LOS NOVICIOS, QUE TOMAR- EN EL HABITO DE LA ORDEN DE N.P. S. FRANCISCO. Mexico: Imp. de D. Felipe de Zuñiga y Ontiveros, 1775. [6],118pp. 12mo. Contempo- rary limp vellum. Foredge of binding and pages smoke-darkened, else a nice copy with a good provenance.

Second edition of this primer based on the doctrines of St. Bonaventure but adapted to the practices of the Franciscan Order, and here specifically set forth for novices. The first edition appeared in Mexico in 1721. A scarce work, having been printed in a limited number of copies for the very limited-sized audience of Franciscan novices. Henry Ward Poole’s copy with his initials and “Mexico, 1876” on the front pastedown. MEDINA, MEXICO 5761. $950.

Mexico Re-Admits the Jesuits

93. [Mexico]: Canalizo, Valentin: EL C. VALENTIN CANALIZO, GEN- ERAL DE DIVISION, GOBERNA- DOR Y COMANDANTE GENERAL DEL DEPARTAMENTO DE MÉXI- CO. POR EL MINISTERIO DE JUS- TICIA E INSTRUCCION PUBLICA SE ME HA COMUNICADO CON FECHA DE AYER EL DECRETO SIGUIENTE.... [Mexico. June 22, 1843]. Broadside, 12¾ x 9 inches. Tanned. Worn around edges, a few small closed tears. Very good. In a half calf and cloth folding box, spine gilt.

Rare first printing of this significant decree, re-admitting the Jesuits into the Southwest, including California and New Mexico, in order to “civilize” the local Indians. “Since three hundred years of force and conquest had not been sufficient to introduce civilization to the wild Indians of the Mexican frontier areas, Santa Anna authorized the readmittance of the Jesuits to establish missions in the Californias, New Mexico, Sonora, Sinaloa, Durango, Chihuahua, Coahuila, and Texas to Christianize and subdue them” – Howell. This decree was issued by Santa Anna at Tacubaya on June 21, 1843, and ordered printed in Mexico City on June 22. The California missions had been secularized a decade earlier. The Jesuits, who had done so much in the development of the Spanish Southwest, had been expelled from the region in the mid-18th century. The text of this decree was reprinted in August 1843, but the present broadside appears to be the first printed appearance of this consequential directive, which was paternal- ism of the highest order. HOWELL 50:37A. OCLC 28092115 (ref ). $2750.

A Remarkable Archive of Northern Mexico Imprints from the Era of Maximilian

94. [Mexico]: [Nuevo León]: [COLLECTION OF PROCLAMATIONS AND DOCUMENTS FROM NUEVO LEÓN IN THE MID-19th CENTURY]. [Mexico. 1853-1870]. 136 documents of various lengths. Sev- enty-eight proclamations and circulars, approximately legal sized; three larger broadside proclamations; thirty-one manuscript orders and letters; engravings, forms, and periodicals. Some edge wear and minor soiling throughout. Very good. In an archival box.

An archive of printed and manuscript documents relating to political and military activities in the Mexican state of Nuevo León in the middle of the 19th century. During this period the state strongly considered separation from Mexico beginning in the 1850s, threatening secession and later investigating possible negotiations with the Confederacy, but it also played a role in the resistance to the rule of the French and Maximilian in the 1860s. These issues, as well as more practical matters of governance, are addressed principally through printed proclamations as well as manuscript orders and correspondence addressed to the towns of Hualahuises and Linares, located to the south of Monterrey, and to their government officials. The collection also includes two engravings of Maximilian and ephemeral items such as two short periodicals and blank Mexican government forms. A full inventory of all items is available on request. $12,500.

Mexican Decrees from 1848, Including the Peace Treaty Ending the Mexican-American War

95. [Mexico]: LEGISLACION MEJICANA, O SEA COLECCION COMPLETA DE LAS LEYES, DECRETOS Y CIRCULARES QUE SE HAN EXPEDIDO DESDE LA CONSUMACION DE LA INDEPENDENCIA. Mexico: Juan R. Navarro, 1856. 560,xxxii pp. Small quarto. Contemporary half red calf and marbled boards, spine gilt. Corners worn, lower portion of spine torn slightly. Negligible soiling. Very good.

This collection contains all decrees published during 1848. Included are regulations covering imports, exports, the army, elections, and administration of the government. Likewise, this work includes the peace treaty between Mexico and the United States, printed in both Spanish and English. $750.

96. [Mexico]: [Railroads]: DECRETO ORIGINAL Y ALTERACIO- NES AL MISMO, DE LA CONCESION DEL FERROCARRIL Y TELEGRAFO DE TUXPAN [cover title]. Mexico. 1872. 33,[1]pp. Folio. Original printed wrappers. Minor soiling. Very good plus.

Rare printing of the railroad charter granted to the company organized by Gen. William S. Rosecrans by the Mexican government. Rosecrans earned his fame as a Union general and later participated in many railroad ventures. He served briefly as U.S. Minister to Mexico, during which time he became convinced that Mexico could genuinely benefit from railroad infrastructure. This is the text of the charter granted to Rosecrans for a railroad from Tampico and Tecolutla to the Pacific. In the end this venture failed, as did many of his others. Not in Palau. A lovely copy. $600. 97. Mitchell, S. Augustus: MAP OF MEXICO, INCLUDING YUCATAN & UPPER CALIFORNIA, EXHIBITING THE CHIEF CITIES AND TOWNS, THE PRINCIPAL TRAVELLING ROUTES &c. Philadelphia: S. Augustus Mitchell, 1847. Handcolored folding pocket map, 18 x 25¾ inches, folded to 5½ x 3¼ inches. Original leather covers. Slight loss in three places along center fold, some separation at fold. Light toning and scattered foxing to map. Color bright and strong. Cover worn, spine chipped. Good. In a half morocco box.

Map of Mexico from Upper California to the Yucatan and across the whole of Texas. Published in 1847 during the Mexican-American War this map has an inset of “The Late Battlefield” at Monterrey, which occurred in September 1846. The inset map includes a key indicating troop positions, etc. Other battles across Texas and Mexico are indicated with a small flag, including one which marks the Alamo. The Treaty of Guadeloupe Hidalgo, signed in 1848, ended the war and ceded significant portions of Mexican territory to the United States. This map therefore shows the final iteration of Mexican territory before the cession of Cali- fornia, Texas, and the Southwest. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 548. $3000.

98. Molina, Jose Ignacio de: [Peru]: PERU. EL CUMPLIMIENTO DE LA LEY POR EL ORGANO REPUBLICANO. Lima. 1827. [4],iv,76pp. Folio. Dbd. Light foxing and soiling. Moderate foxing to last two leaves; small tears and some chipping at edges. Good.

An important document outlining the constitutional law of Peru. One copy in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library. OCLC 80651923. SABIN 49895. $1250.

99. Morejon, Juan Antonio: [MEMORIA SOBRE LOS MEDIOS QUE PODRÁN ADOPTARSE PARA FOMENTAR LAS HACIENDAS EN ÓRDEN AL GANADO VACUNO Y MULAR]. [Havana: Esteban Boloña, 1800]. [6],27,[7]pp. Dbd. Lacking titlepage, with alternate title in manuscript on front cover leaf. Stab holes along gutter margin. Some offsetting on front and rear cover leaves from other manuscript documents, final printed page with additional manuscript annotation. Browned and foxed. Good.

An exceedingly scarce 1800 Havana imprint that publishes a tract from 1797 that delivers instructions and suggests potential improvements for animal husbandry in Cuba. The author, Juan Antonio Morejon, offers advice on the raising of cattle and mules, gives guidance for increasing reproduction, and provides sample budgets outlining the costs to Cuban haciendas for following his guidelines. “Sobre uno y otro punto diré, no solo aquello conduce al mayor aumento de las haciendas, sino tambien á mejorar sus crianzas, pues la felicidad que buscamos, no debe consistir unicamente en la abundancia, sin el requisito de bondad, á qué és tan inclinado nuestro suelo.” Recorded in Medina, however we cannot trace any copies currently in institutions or ever to have appeared at auction. SABIN 50589. MEDINA, HABANA 168. $4000.

100. Nava, Pedro de: [Puerto Rico]: SEÑOR. DON ISIDRO ALVAREZ DE NAVA, CAPITAN...Y CAPITAN ACTUAL DE UNA DE LAS DOS COMPAÑIAS DE LA DOTACION DE LA ISLA, Y CIUDAD DE SAN JUAN DE PUERTO-RICO, EN INDIAS...[caption title]. Madrid. April 29, 1726. 5 leaves. Folio. Stitched as issued. Very minor foxing. Very good plus.

A petition to King Philip V of Spain, written by Capt. Pedro de Nava of San Juan, Puerto Rico, denouncing the widespread corruption of officials in Puerto Rico and calling for swift involvement by the King. Written in the Galician dialect. Rare, no copies located. $1500.

Striking Watercolors of Mexico by Nebel

101. [Nebel, Carl]: [SUITE OF FOUR HIGHLY ACCOMPLISHED WA- TERCOLORS, PRODUCED BETWEEN 1829 AND 1834, WHICH SERVED AS THE MODELS FOR FOUR LITHOGRAPHS PUB- LISHED IN CARL NEBEL’S Voyage Pittoresque et Archéologie, dans la Partie la Plus Intéressante du Mexique]. Mexico. [n.d., but 1829-1834]. Four watercolors on paper. Watercolors of various sizes, as indicated below; each mounted on card stock, archivally matted (19 x 23 inches) and protected with a mylar sheet. Contemporary pencil inscriptions in bottom right corners. A few extremely minor clean tears in a few corners repaired. Watercolors very clean, colors bright and fresh. The set in near fine condition. See cover of this catalogue for color illustration.

A marvellous suite of four highly accomplished watercolors which served as the models for four lithographs published in Carl Nebel’s Voyage Pittoresque et Archéologie, dans la Partie la Plus Intéressante du Mexique. The watercolors all depict native and mestizo inhabitants situated in dry landscapes with hills in the background. The images represent a variety of local types and occupations, including Indian women, men, and children; adult mestizos; coal miners; mule skinners; and fruit vendors. The costumes are portrayed with much attention to detail, particularly the embroidered clothing worn by the native women and the male laborers’ costumes, and the foregrounds and background are finely rendered with light washes. A German architect and painter, Nebel travelled to Mexico in 1829 “to paint scenes of a country he knew from the writings of Humboldt, Antonio León y Gama, Bernal Díaz del Castillo, and Hernán Cortés. He remained in Mexico until 1834, visiting and painting the cities of Puebla, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Guadalajara, Veracruz, Jalapa, Mexico, and San Luis Potosí. He returned to Europe and in Paris prepared his memorable Voyage Pittoresque et Archéologie with its fifty plates” (Howgego). The university trained artist “was drawn there at first by an interest in the archaeological remnants of the Aztec empire, but became a visual chronicler of modern Mexico as well. Nebel was one of many European artists intrigued by the landscape and peoples of the former Spanish empire in the Americas, barred from view for centuries, but from the 1820s onward open to both travel and invest- ment, and of particular interest to the French and English. His book combines a taste for the picturesque with a clear-eyed evaluation of the country and its assets” (America Pictured to the Life). Nebel’s Voyage Pittoresque was first published in Paris in 1836 with fifty lithographic plates, twenty of which were issued in color. A Spanish translation of the work, utilizing the same plates, was published in Paris and Mexico three years later (but with nearly all the plates in the later edition handcolored or tinted). Of the twenty color lithographs in the 1836 edition, ten specifically portray local inhabitants of various classes; six of these are of natives or working-class mestizos. The present watercolors consist of four of these six images, including two of the three illustrations of Indians published in the Voyage. Comparison between these watercolors and the published images is instructive in regard to the lithographer’s art and craft. The individuals in all of the lithographs are darker than in the original artwork, lending weight to the figures and providing both the natives and mestizos with darker skin than originally portrayed. Certain details, such as elements of costumes and architectural motifs, are highlighted or expanded in the published images, while other visual elements in the foreground and background of the lithographs are given less emphasis than in the original. Such changes between the original watercolors and the printed images highlight the technical and aesthetic concerns of the lithographer and publisher in creating reproduced images for the market. The four individual watercolors in this suite, with titles transcribed from the original pencil inscriptions and compared to the titles in the 1836 edition, are described as follows:

1) “Indios carboneros y la moradora de la vecinidad de Mexico.” 11 x 15 inches. The lithograph of this image is entitled “Indios carboneros y la buradores de la vecin dad de Mexico,” while the accompanying printed text reads: “Indios carboneros y laburadores de le vecindad de Mexico.” Two Indian coal miners, one carrying a large wooden crate on his back which is secured by a head brace, with an Indian woman carrying a child. The figures are accompanied by a mule transporting large wooden crates containing fruit. One of the men wears a handsome cloak of animal skins. 2) “Indios de la Sierra al S E de Mexico.” 11 x 15 inches. This image is entitled “Indias de la Sierra al S.E. de Mexico” on the lithograph and in the printed text. It depicts four Indian women in native costume, one holding flowers and accompanied by a young boy. All four women are wearing embroidered native clothing. Two of the women also have folded white cloths on their heads, while the one with the young boy wears an embroidered scarf as a hat. One woman, with her back to the viewer, is portrayed with red and blue cloth woven into her long braids. 3) “Gente de Sierra Lahonte entre Pahanlba y Misaubla.” 9¾ x 13 inches. The lithograph is entitled “Gente de Tierra Caliente entre Papantla y Misantla” while the accompanying text reads: “Gente de la costa entre Papantla y Misantla.” Two Mexican men, one offering or selling fruit to the other man sitting on horseback, and one Mexican woman carrying two pots on her head. The woman is standing in a classical pose which is emphasized by the geometric motif decorating the bottom of her clothing. A local building with a straw roof and a larger stone structure, perhaps a church, is seen in the background. 4) “Arrieros.” 11¾ x 16 inches. The lithograph has the same title; the published text has the variant spelling “Arieros.” Three Mexican mule skinners attempt to coax an overloaded mule back on its feet. The man on the left, leading the animal with a rope, is dressed in a full poncho. The other two men, one riding a horse and brandishing a whip, are pushing and driving the mule from the rear. In the background, one other horse and three other mules with loads are seen. In the published image the mule’s load is considerably darker and looks even heavier than in this watercolor. The three men are also portrayed with darker skin than seen in this image.

Nebel’s renown as an illustrator working in Mexico was later confirmed with the publication of George Wilkins Kendall’s The War Between the United States and Mexico Illustrated. This account of the Mexican-American War, published in 1851, includes twelve handcolored lithographic plates based on Nebel’s paintings of major battles of the war. These dozen images became the source for numerous prints by other artists, who copied and adapted Nebel’s illustrations of various conflicts. In a similar manner, many of Nebel’s earlier illustrations in his Voyage Pittoresque were also reproduced and modified by the artist himself as well as other printers and publishers. These included topographic views found in numerous works on the Mexican-American War as well as his depictions of local inhabitants. “Nebel’s [Voyage] was a classic. It was published in both French and Spanish editions, and several of the fifty illustrations, many of them of the costumbrista or costume-picture genre, were widely copied” – Eyewitness to War. A marvellous group of watercolors which served as the basis for four lithographs in Carl Nebel’s landmark illustrated account of his travels in Mexico. HOWGEGO 1800-1850, N4. MILES & REESE, AMERICA PICTURED TO THE LIFE 19 (Voyage, 1836). Ron Tyler, The Mexican War, A Lithographic Record, p.18 and passim. M.A. Sandweiss, R. Stewart, & B.W. Huseman, Eyewitness to War: Prints and Daguerreotypes of the Mexican War, 1846-1848, pp.7, 13, 110, 127, 206, and passim. $67,500.

102. Neve y Molina, Luis de: REGLAS DE ORTHOGRAPHIA, DIC- CIONARIO, Y ARTE DEL IDIOMA OTHOMI, BREVE IN- STRUCCION PARA LOS PRINCIPIANTES.... Mexico: Imprenta de la Bibliotheca Mexicana, 1767. [24],160pp. plus frontispiece and engraved errata leaf. Small octavo. Contemporary vellum with newer endpapers, ties lacking. Bookplate of Estelle Doheny on front pastedown. Light to moderate soiling and wear. Good. In a slipcase.

The author was a native Otomi, born in the environs of Mexico City. He entered the Seminary there, where he served as professor of the Otomi language. This is a general manual for the language, which has been called one of the most interesting native languages of Mexico, spoken by the Indians of the northwest part of the Anahuac Valley and parts of the provinces of Michoacan. MEDINA, MEXICO 5174. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 2738. SABIN 52413. $5500.

The Final Reform of the Laws of the Americas

103. [New Spain]: ORDENANZA GENERAL FORMADA DE ÓRDEN DE SU MAGESTAD, Y MANDADA IMPRIMIR Y PUBLICAR PARA EL GOBIERNO É INSTRUCCION DE INTENDENTES, SUBDELEGADOS Y DEMAS EMPLEADOS EN INDIAS. Ma- drid: En la imprenta de la Viuda de Ibarra, 1803. [2],xxx- vi,194,[98]pp. Folio. Contemporary Spanish calf, spine gilt, leather label. Lightly rubbed at extremities, boards lightly scuffed. Contents bright and clean. Near fine.

Administrative regulations for Spanish colonial rule in the Americas and the Philippines. These laws represent the last ditch efforts of the Spanish monarchy to bring reform to the administration of their colonial holdings in the Americas. Six years later, in 1809, the first declaration of independence from Spanish rule would be signed in Quito, in modern Ec- uador, which would be the first spark of the movement for independence across Spain’s American colonies. With this ordenanza Spain hoped to restructure and reform colonial rule in such a way to prevent that from happening. A nice piece of Spanish-American history. MEDINA, BHA 5971. PALAU 202973. $2750.

104. O’Leary, Daniel F.: [AUTOGRAPH LETTER, SIGNED, FROM SOUTH AMERICAN REVOLUTIONARY GENERAL DANIEL O’LEARY TO CHILEAN POLITICIAN JOAQUÍN ECHEVER- RÍA LARRAÍN]. Valparaiso. Jan. 30, 1825. [3]pp. on a bifolium. Previously folded, with two separations from the outer margin repaired with archival tape. A few other small nicks and separations along fold lines, not affecting text. Some tanning and light foxing. Good plus.

A striking letter written in January 1825 by Irish South American revolutionary general Daniel O’Leary to Chilean politician and former minister Joaquín Echever- ría Larraín. O’Leary emigrated from Ireland to Venezuela in 1817 with a group of British mercenaries enlisted to join the armies of Simón Bolívar, under whom he served until the end of the wars for South American independence. In that time he became a trusted general and aide-de-camp to Bolívar, and later published a memoir of the wars that collected a substantial portion of the revolutionary leader’s correspondence. Herein O’Leary writes to Larraín to complain about one of the political leaders in Chile: “Seria una degradacion de mi caracter tener que hacer con un indecente y cobarde muñeco como el Señor Rodriguez, con mucha propriedad lo llama. ¡Pobre Chile! que sufre una semesante [?] indignidad – tener á la cabeza de su soberania nacional, un ser tan baso.” O’Leary was writing near the end of a frustrating sixteen-month spell spent in Chile, commissioned by Bolívar to convince the Chilean government to increase its contribution to the war efforts, in which he accomplished little. He goes on in the letter to announce his imminent departure for Lima, which effectively ended his mission in Chile. $750.

105. Ortega, Jose: HISTORIA DEL NAYARIT, SONORA, SINALOA Y AMBAS CALIFORNIAS. QUE CON EL TITULO DE “APOSTOL- ICOS AFANES DE COMPANIA DE JESUS, EN LA AMERICA SEPTENTRIONAL” SE PUBLICO ANONIMA EN BARCELONA EL AÑO DE 1754. Mexico. 1887. ix,[1],564,vi pp. Later red cloth, decorative front cover. Spine faded, binding dampstained. Good.

Second edition, reprinting the text of the rare original edition of 1754, this edition edited by Manuel de Olaguibel. An important primary source work for the Span- ish Southwest, by a Jesuit missionary and native of Tlaxcala, Father Jose Ortega. Although the work was edited by Francisco Xavier Fluvia, it is correctly attributed to Father Jose Ortega, whom Medina describes as the definite author. The work consists of three parts: Book I contains an account of the reduction and conquest of the province of Nayarit; Book II concerns the establishment, progress and decline of the “spiritual conquest” of the province of Pimeria Alta, through the death of Father Kino; and Book III contains an account of the discoveries throughout the present state of Pimeria Alta, including Father Consag’s diary of travels in present -day California in 1751. Ortega describes the “barbaras costumbres, y vana Religion” of the native people in the present-day Southwest, the establishment of a few towns where many baptisms were performed, and includes a general description of the region. “Includes much on the movements and discoveries of the missionary priests Kino and Consag in Arizona and California” – Howes. A prime source on Father Kino’s missionary work in what is now Arizona, including an account of Father Consag’s journey into California in 1751. HOWES O127, “aa.” WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 128. $675.

Important Petition Calling for Better Treatment of Indians in Peru, 1621

106. Ortiz de Cervantes, Juan: PARABIEN AL REY D. FELIPE IIII. N.S. QUE DA LA CABEÇA DEL REYNO DEL PIRU. [Madrid? 1621]. [1],5 leaves. Folio. Loose gatherings. Outermost gathering neatly reinforced with tissue along spine and foredges. Discreet tissue repairs to foredge of other leaves. Clean and fresh. Very good.

Memorial to the King of Spain written by Juan Ortiz de Cervantes, Procurador General, advocating for the rights of encomendero holders in Peru. Ortiz de Cer- vantes points out the need to treat the native population more gently – not from any moral stance, but because the harsh labor draft for the Potosi mines was killing so many Indians that it was threatening the general economy of the province and thus the profits of the encomenderos. He also argues that Peru’s Creole elite should be appointed to high offices based on their merits. Date and imprint suggested by European Americana. Only two copies in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the British Library. SABIN 1716. MEDINA, BHA 6697. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 621/94. PALAU 205774. $3250.

The First Great Chronicle of the New World by One Who Was There

107. Oviedo y Valdes, Gonzalo Hernandez de: LA HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS INDIAS. Seville: Juan Cromberger, 1535. 197 leaves as follow: title-leaf, folios 1-7, folios +1-3, folios 8-193. 6 leaves are in excellent facsimile on old paper (title; ff. 10, 178, 185, 192, 193), 2 leaves have extensive facsimile work (ff. +2 and 191), and one leaf has minor facsimile work (ff. 1). Three other leaves have marginal repairs with minor loss (ff. 27, 183, 190). None of the woodcuts of New World subjects are affected by these facsimiles or repairs. Old vellum, leather label. An expertly restored copy. Despite the work detailed above, a clean, solid, substantially intact copy of a very rare book.

This is the most extensive book on the New World written up to the time of publication, and is one of the chief sources to this day for many of the facts relating to the early history of the Spanish conquest of the New World. Oviedo was a witness to that history from the beginning, having seen, as a young page at the Spanish court, the return of Columbus in 1493. In 1505 he went out to the Indies himself as an official, and subsequently served in a number of important administrative posts. Over the next three decades he kept extensive notes on the history of the Spanish in the New World and all he observed there, especially natural history and the Indians he encountered. He also interviewed all of the Spanish explorers to whom he had access. In 1526 he published a short work on the natural history of the Indies, followed nine years later by the present work. His industry provides an extraordinary description of the period, one that his high offices and education gave him a unique ability to record. Oviedo’s work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, which are the earliest extant reliable pictures of things in the New World. These include a number of botanical subjects including prickly pear, as well as artifacts including the ham- mock, and natives, the most famous of which depicts an Indian panning for gold. The first edition of Oviedo’s book publishes the first nineteen parts of his history. The twentieth part appeared as a part of Ramusio’s Delle Navigationi et Viagge in 1551, and the remaining thirty were not published until 1851. This first edition is one of the outstanding early books on the New World, a foundation work regarding the period of the initial Spanish conquest. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 535/12. HARRISSE BAV 207. CHURCH 71. ARENTS, TOBACCO 4. MEDINA, BHA 4. NISSEN ZOOLOGY 3032. JCB (3)I:118. REESE & MILES, CREATING AMERICA 10. SERVIES, p.1. $18,500.

108. Palafox y Mendoza, Juan de: VIDA INTERIOR DEL ILUSTRIS- SIMO, EXCELENTISSIMO, Y VENERABLE SENOR D. JUAN DE PALAFOX Y MENDOZA, DEL CONSEJO DE SU MAGESTAD, Y SU CONSEJERO EN LOS SUPREMOS DE GUERRA, INDI- AS, Y ARAGON, OBISPO DE LA PUEBLA DE LOS ANGELES, ARCOBISPO ELECTO DE MEXICO.... Seville: Lucas Martin, 1691. [64],465,[33]pp. plus portrait (not found in all copies). Contemporary vellum, manuscript title on spine, leather ties. New endpapers. A touch of light foxing. FF signature leaves bound out of order, with FF3-FF4 bound before FF1-FF2, and [FF7-FF8] bound before [FF5-FF6]. Very good.

A later printing of the famed Bishop Palafox’s spiritual autobiography, first published in Brussels in 1682, and following another Brussels 1682 printing, and an edition done in Barcelona in 1687. Juan Palafox y Mendoza (1600-59) was born in Navarre, educated at Salamanca, and appointed a member of the Council of the Indies. He later became a priest and in 1639 was made Bishop of Puebla de los Angeles. Palafox arrived in Mexico in 1640 and soon ran afoul of the local Fran- ciscans, Dominicans, and Augustinians, whose many exemptions and privileges he looked upon as encroachments on his Episcopal jurisdiction. In 1642 he was made Archbishop of New Spain, and for a brief time that same year he was acting Viceroy of Mexico, during which he instituted financial reforms and sought to eradicate idolatry among the Mexican natives. As bishop, Palafox distinguished himself by his efforts to protect the Native Americans from Spanish cruelty, forbidding any methods of conversion other than persuasion. Palafox was also a patron of the arts, and under his tenure Puebla became the music center of New Spain. He also established the Biblioteca Palafoxiana, a library that continues to this day. In 1647 he came into conflict with the Jesuits, whom he believed were undermining his religious authority. The portrait shows Palafox in his library. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 691/100. MEDINA, BHA 1875. PALAU 209802. ESCU- DERO (SEVILLE) 1872. SABIN 99456 (note). $1250.

Superb Lithographs Made in Buenos Aires

109. Pallière, León: ALBUM PALLIERE ESCENAS AMERICANAS REDUCCION DE CUADROS, AQUARELLES, Y BOSQUEJOS. Buenos Aires: En venta en la casa de los S[eño]res Fusoni H[erna]nos, [1864]. Lithographed titlepage plus fifty-two lithographed plates (nearly all tinted), plus two original printed wrappers. Oblong folio. Later half dark blue morocco and blue pebbled cloth, boards and spine gilt. Spine extremities and hinges worn. Light to moderate foxing on some plates, primarily in margins. Very good.

A very rare album of fifty-two South American scenes, originally drawn by León Pallière and finely printed as lithographic plates in Buenos Aires by J. Pelvilain. The plates include views and portraits of local inhabitants in Argentina (44), Brazil (4), Uruguay (2), Chile (1), and Bolivia (1). Pallière, born in Rio de Janeiro in 1823 to French parents, travelled to France as a young child and eventually studied art there under F.E. Picot. He continued his artistic training in South America between 1848 and 1850 and in Europe between 1850 and 1855. He then returned to South America, travelling for the next decade in Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, and Bolivia, and producing the images found in this volume. The views consist primarily of rural scenes, and many of these images portray local inhabitants in a variety of activities. These illustrations and the other images of the native and mestizo population represent a variety of local types and occupations including Indians; rural and urban mestizo laborers (including a milk man and a bread seller); middle and upper class women in a theatre gallery and in church; working men in pulperias; black men and women at a market in Bahia; gauchos; soldiers (apparently rural conscripts); and even a surveyor in the countryside. A number of the lithographs focus on life in the country: on the plains, in camp, and at home. One such image, of a couple standing outside a straw house, includes a ten-line romantic poem by R. Gutierrez. A marvellous and extremely rare album, with no copies on OCLC. Originally issued in parts, this copy comes with wrappers printed on colored paper from two of those parts laid in. PALAU 211114. BORBA DE MORAES, p.648. $25,000.

Early Pastoral and Industrial Photographs of Chile

110. Palma, Martin: UN PASEO A LOTA. Valparaiso: S. Tornero and Sons, 1864. 150pp. plus ten photographs including frontis. Half title. Quarto. Con- temporary blue cloth, blindstamped cover, ornate gilt spine. Minute wear to extremities. Minor foxing. Contemporary publisher’s label on front pastedown. Plates are quite clean overall. Very good.

A charming tour through Lota, Chile. This copy bears an inscription on the verso of the front fly leaf from L. Cousiño, who wrote the introduction, dated at San- tiago, Dec. 1, 1864. This volume is most important for its original albumen prints, taken by photographer Jorge Munday. Little appears to be known about Munday except his address, listed as “Calle de Los Huerfanos, N. 34, Frente al Pasaje Bulnes.” The pictures show both pastoral scenes and stately homes, coupled with industrial development, coal mining, and shipping. The images are captioned as follows:

1) [Portrait of a man standing, presumably the author] 2) “Lota Alta.” 3) “Capilla de Lota.” 4) “Las Casas desde El Parque.” 5) “El Puente de Chambeque.” 6) “Lota El Muelle desde La Punta de Lota.” 7) “Astillero de Lota.” 8) “Hornos de Fundicion, de Ladrillos Parte del Muelle de Lota.” 9) “Lota Baja desde El Camino Viejo a Colcura.” 10) “Vista de Coronel.” The text includes a biographical sketch of the prominent Don Matias Cousiño, a general overview of the region, a profile of local coal mines, and more. Extremely early examples of South American photographica. Quite rare. Not in Palau nor The Truthful Lens. OCLC locates only four copies, at the Library of Congress, Harvard, the State University of New York at Stony Brook, and the National Library of Chile. OCLC 3781057. $2850.

Spain’s Liberal Constitution of 1812

111. Pasqual, Vincente: Gutierrez de Teran, Jose Maria: Navarrete, Jose Antonio: LAS CORTES GENERALES, Y EXTRAORDINARIAS, DESEANDO DAR A LA PUBLICACION DE LA CONSTITU- CION POLITICA DE LA MONARQUIA ESPAÑOLA...[caption title]. Cadiz. March 18, 1812. Broadsheet. Folio. Lightly dampstained at top. A few worm holes. Deckled edges, showing some wear. About very good.

Proclamation on the manner in which the Spanish Constitution of 1812 was to be distributed and celebrated by all the inhabitants of the Spanish Empire. This was the first constitution for Spain, establishing universal male suffrage, freedom of the press, constitutional monarchy, national sovereignty, and supporting land reform. The constitution was considered very liberal for its time. It was to be celebrated by gathering the constituents of each town for a public reading of the constitution followed by ringing of bells, light displays, and gun salutes. After the end of the Napoleonic Wars the Spanish Crown quickly reneged on the constitution. An historic moment for the Spanish Empire. $1250.

Two Classic Works in Nahuatl, Issued and Bound Together

112. Perez, Manuel: FAROL INDIANO, Y GUIA DE CURAS DE IN- DIOS. [bound and issued with:] ARTA DE EL IDIOMA MEXICANO. Mexico: Por Francisco de Rivera Calderon, 1713. [48],192,[4]; [16],80,[4]pp. Text block loose in original limp vellum, lacking pastedowns and with binder’s waste (old manuscript) thus freed; binding missing the lower 2½ inches of spine vellum. Late 18th-century ownership inscription of Lic. Manuel Villa on front fly leaf noting where he purchased the book and its cost, and imploring anyone who borrows it to return it. Early 19th-century ownership signature on titlepage of Jose Mariano Perdomo. 20th-century blindstamp on titlepage of Sotomayor Vaqueiro. At the rear of the volume is a manuscript note in a clear hand stating Bachiller Jose Mariano Perdomo had completed two years of study of theology. Text clean and solid. Good. In a box.

The first work in this volume is a handbook for priests with Nahuatl speakers as parishioners. It contains a summary of “the five sacraments that ministers of the gospel administer here in America. With all the moral cases that occur among Indians.” Principally in Spanish, it has the prescribed responses of the parishioners in Nahuatl. The second work is a Nahuatl grammar, this being its only colonial-era edition. Pérez was a professor of Nahuatl at the Royal University of Mexico and one of the country’s leading experts in 1675-1725. VIÑAZA 255, 257. H. DE LEON-PORTILLA, TEPUZTLAHCUILOLLI 2131, 2132. GARCIA ICAZBALCETA, LENGUAS 59. MEDINA, MEXICO 2370, 2371. SABIN 60913, 60911. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 2955, 2954. $8500.

Spain Reinforces Its Pacific Fleet

113. [Peru]: PROYECTO PARA GALEONES Y FLOTAS DEL PERU Y NUEVA-ESPAÑA, Y PARA NAVIOS DE REGISTRO, Y AVISOS, QUE NAVEGAREN A AMBOS REYNOS. Madrid: Juan de Ariztia, 1720. 13 leaves. Folio. Modern half calf and cloth, spine gilt. Spine lightly rubbed. Text quite fresh and clean; one leaf trimmed closely, affecting marginal notes. Very good plus.

An extensive, detailed proclamation to reinforce the strength and size of the Spanish fleet trading between Spain and South America, primarily via Lima in Peru. Also printed in Cadiz the same year. Only a handful of copies in OCLC. Relatively scarce; no other copies appear in auction records in the past twenty-five years. PALAU 239622. MEDINA, BHA 2357 (Cadiz ed). LeCLERC 466. SABIN 66408. $4500.

114. [Peru]: ORDENANZAS QUE PARA EL NUEVO ESTABLECI- MIENTO EN LA DISTRIBUCION, Y RECAUDACION DE LA LIMOSNA DE LA SANTA BULA, Y DEMAS GRACIAS ANEXAS A ELLA, EN CONFORMIDAD DEL BREVE DE 14 DE MAYO DE 1750.... Lima: Plazuela de S. Christoval, 1752. [1],27 leaves. Folio. Later vellum. Light soiling to titlepage, later ink stains. Light dampstaining, moderate tanning and foxing. Slight worming, not affecting text; inexpert repairs to worm holes. Fair.

An ordenanza establishing the collection and distribution of alms, as mandated by a Papal bull. Only two copies in OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the National Library of Chile. MEDINA, LIMA 1048. VARGAS UGARTE 1656. OCLC 55261493. $1100. 115. [Peru]: COLECCION DE LAS APLICACIONES QUE SE VAN HACIENDO DE LOS BIENES, CASAS, Y COLEGIOS QUE FUERON DE LOS REGULARES DE LA COMPAÑIA DE JESUS, EXPATRÍADOS DE ESTOS REALES DOMINIOS. PRIMERA PARTE. Lima: En la Oficina de la Calle de S. Jacinto, 1772. [56],207,5pp. plus fourteen unpaginated leaves which appear between sections. Small quarto. Contemporary limp vellum, lettered on spine. Later ownership inscription on fly leaf. Minor scattered foxing. Light dampstaining along bottom edge. Very good.

An important collection of documents on the Jesuit order in Peru, which primarily discusses the dispersal of the property of the Order after their expulsion from America. In 1767 the Jesuits were expelled from Peru as well as other Spanish and Portuguese possessions. Also included here are the constitutions of several schools which were under their provision. Published in two parts, this being the first of the two. MEDINA, LIMA 1338. VARGAS UGARTE 2056. $1200.

116. [Peru]: RELACION DE LAS PROVIDENCIAS PEDIDAS POR DOÑA MARIA FERNANDEZ DE CORDOVA CONTRA LAS IMPOSTURES EXPARCIDAS EN LOS ESCRITOS PRESENTA- DOS POR EL APODERADO DEL EXCELENTISIMO SEÑOR CONDE DE SALVATIERRA...[caption title]. [Lima. 1773]. [15]pp. Folio. Dbd. Minor scattered foxing. Very good.

An argument presented on behalf of Doña Maria Fernandez de Cordova, widow of Don Alonso Calderon, by Tomas Ignacio Camargo in response to Miguel Mariano Fernandez Valdivieso’s La Justicia Esclarecido por Medio de la Verdad (Lima, 1773). One copy on OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library. MEDINA, LIMA 1376. VARGAS UGARTE 2073. OCLC 81035779. $800.

117. [Peru]: TERCERO CATECISMO, Y EXPOSICION DE LA DOC- TRINA CHRISTIANA POR SERMONES PARAQUE LOS CURAS Y OTROS MINISTROS PREDIQUEN, Y ENSEÑEN À LOS IN- DIOS, Y À LAS DEMÀS PERSONAS: CONFORME A LO QUE SE PROVEYÒ EN EL SANTO CONCILIO PROVINCIAL DE LIMA EL AÑO PASADO DE 1583. [Lima]: En la Oficina de la Calle de San Jacinto, 1773. [25],102,105-182,185-224,229-362,[24],385-429,450- 489,500-515pp., with numerous errors in pagination. Small quarto. Later limp vellum with pigskin ties, title in manuscript on spine. Two bifolia detached from binding, supplied from another copy. Contemporary ownership inscription on blank verso of final leaf. Occasional foxing. Nearly very good.

An 18th-century reprint of the third book printed in South America, a catechism and conversion aid by the Jesuit missionary José de Acosta from 1585. This later edition contains the Spanish and Quechua versions of the text; the original also contained an Aymara translation. A testament to the ongoing usefulness of the original text, an essential work of early Spanish colonial printing, even two centuries later. MEDINA, LIMA 1356. VARGAS UGARTE 2076. PALAU 330312. SABIN 94838n. $2000.

118. [Peru]: NOVENA AL GLORIOSO PATRIARCA S. FELIPE NERI APÓSTOL DE ROMA Y FUNDADOR DE LA CONGREGACION DEL ORATORIO. [Lima]. 1795. [56]pp. Later vellum. Older ink stamps on front and rear fly leaves. Light foxing. About very good.

Devotional work centered on St. Philip Neri (1515-95), first published in 1764. Only two copies on OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the National Library of Chile. MEDINA, LIMA 1801. VARGAS UGARTE 2697. OCLC 55253852, 78862021. $1000.

The Eve of Peruvian Independence

119. [Peru]: MANIFIESTO DE LAS SESIONES TENIDAS EN EL PUEBLO DE MIRAFLORES PARA LAS TRANSACIONES IN- TENTADAS CON EL GENERAL SAN MARTIN Y DOCUMEN- TOS PRESENTADOS POR PARTE DE LOS COMISIONADOS EN ELLAS. SE PUBLICAN DE ORDEN DE ESTE GOBIERNO. Lima: Casa de Niños Expositos, 1820. 8,[25]pp. Folio. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards. Some minor scattered foxing. Very good.

Manifesto published on the eve of Peruvian independence. San Martin invaded Peru in September of 1820; negotiations between San Martin and Viceroy Pezuela took place shortly thereafter, at Miraflores. These proved fruitless, however, since San Martin would only cooperate if Peru was declared an independent state, which the Viceroy refused to do. Pezuela was deposed in January of 1821, and San Martin officially declared Peruvian independence on July 28, 1821. Two copies in OCLC, at the National Library of Chile and at Duke University. MEDINA, LIMA 3436. PALAU 148928. OCLC 55280051, 55974863. $2250.

120. [Peru]: IMPUGNACION AL ARTICULO INSERTO CONTRA EL FUNDADOR DE LA LIBERTAD DEL PERU, Y LOS JEFES DE SU EJERCITO EN EL NUMERO 5 DE LA ABEJA REPUBLI- CANA. Lima: Imprenta de D. Jose Masias, 1823. [4],20pp. Folio. Dbd. Very minor foxing and soiling. Very good.

Pamphlet written and dedicated to “Los Amigos de la Libertad,” two years after Peruvian independence. Organization of the country proved exceedingly difficult, due to various factors within Peruvian society, and the early years of independence were tumultuous. Two copies on OCLC, at the John Carter Brown Library and the National Library of Chile. MEDINA, LIMA 3729. PALAU 118613. OCLC 55259629. $1250.

121. [Peru and New Spain]: DON ANTONIO JOSEPH DE PINEDA DE CAPDEVILA, DE LOS CONSEJOS DE SU MAG. EN LOS RE- ALES, Y SUPREMOS DE LAS INDIAS, Y DE LA SANTA CRU- ZADA, JUEZ PRIVATIVO...PARA PONER COBRO EN TODAS LAS MULTAS, Y CONDENACIONES, QUE POR DICHO...CON- SEJO...SE IMPUSIEREN, ASSI EN ESTOS REYNOS, COMO EN LOS DEL PERÙ, Y NUEVA ESPAÑA, CUYA REAL CEDULA, Y COMISSION, ES COMO SE SIGUE [caption title]. [Madrid. 1736]. 6 leaves. Folio. Dbd. Tax stamps dated 1736 on first and last leaves. Contem- porary manuscript annotation on first leaf. Manuscript inscription on final printed page (see below). Light dampstaining in top margin. Very good.

A rare printed decree by Philip V, King of Spain, regarding the collection of fines and taxes related to the transfer of lands in Peru and New Spain. Dated Nov. 24, 1735, the decree includes a printed form, with spaces left blank for the names of officials to be appointed by a judicial commission concerned with the collection of money for fines and other punishments. The future appointees would be responsible for collecting taxes for the Crown. This document also includes historical background related to these concerns, reprinting a decree originally issued on Oct. 30, 1692 which also dealt with land titles, attempts to clarify land ownership, and the recovery of funds from the sale of lands that had belonged to the Crown. This earlier document includes references to appropriate sections in the Recopilacion de las Indias, first published in 1681. This publication concludes with a note stating that at the first opportunity Spanish ships sailing to the New World should deliver this governmental order. Below the printed text on the final printed page is a manuscript inscription, written in Madrid on Oct. 21, 1737 and signed by Miguel Gutierrez, noting [here in English translation]: “the cedula inserted in this imprint is a copy of that issued by the Secretary of the Council and the Chamber of the Indies concerned with trade in Peru.” A rare printed decree regarding the collection of taxes on lands in Peru and New Spain formerly held by the Spanish Crown. European Americana records only the copy at the Archivo General de las Indias. Not in Medina BHA. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 736/230. $3750.

122. [Peruvian Mining Laws]: REALES ORDENANZAS PARA LA DI- RECCION, REGIMEN Y GOBIERNO DEL IMPORTANTE CU- ERPO DE LA MINERIA DE NUEVA-ESPAÑA Y DE SU REAL TRIBUNAL GENERAL DE ORDEN DE SU MAGESTAD. Lima. 1785 [i.e. 1786]. [2],lix,196pp. [bound with:] REAL ORDEN DE 8 DE DICIEMBRE DE 1785, Y DECLARACIONES EN SU CUMPI- MIENTO HECHAS PARA ADAPTAR LA ORDENANZA DE MINERIA DE NUEVA-ESPAÑA.... Lima. 1786. [2],51,[5]pp. Folio. Contemporary vellum, lettered on front cover. Light soiling and warping to vellum. Light foxing and scattered soiling, mostly at edges. Else very good.

The first Lima edition of these royal ordinances governing mining in New Spain. “A rare and valuable compendium of the old mining laws and mineral customs, printed only for the use of the parties concerned” – Sabin. The date on the titlepage is printed as 1785 with a correction in manuscript altering it to read 1786. Although Vargas Ugarte gives each of these titles a separate number, Medina lists them as one item and indicates the manuscript correction of the date on the titlepage. This edition is not noted by Sabin, though he does record the more common second edition, printed the same year. MEDINA, LIMA 1635. VARGAS UGARTE 2463, 2464. SABIN 56260 (ref ). $3000.

123. Pinto y Quesada, D. D. Alphonso: RELACION DE LAS EXEQUIAS DEL ILL.MO S.OR D. D. DIEGO ANTONIO DE PARADA, AR- ZOBISPO DE LIMA...IMPRESA CON LA ORACION FUNEBRE A EXPENSAS DE LOS Ds.D. JOSEPH DE HERRERA, Y D. AN- TONIO CUBERO DIAZ.... Lima. 1781. [63],74,[28],87pp. plus a folding chart. Lacking portrait. Small quarto. Contemporary limp vellum, paper label, marbled edges. Areas of front vellum worn away. Scattered foxing, light dampstaining in upper right corner. Good plus.

Funerary works for Diego Antonio de Parada, who served as Archbishop of Lima from 1762 to 1779. Most notably he presided over the inauguration of the newly renovated Cathedral of Lima in December 1778. MEDINA, LIMA 1518. VARGAS UGARTE 2289. PALAU 226692. $1250.

The Calaveras of Posada

124. Posada, Jose Guadalupe: 36 GRABADOS. Mexico: Arsacio Vanegas Ar- royo, 1943. [3],30 loose leaves. Folio. Original printed red wrappers. Spine mostly perished, light wear and soiling. Printed on multi-colored sheets. Very good.

Thirty-six leaves of woodcut illustrations, issued in conjunction with the famous Mexican artist Posada’s first major exhibition, organized by Fernando Gambio at the Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City. The introduction states:

On the occasion of this first exhibition of his gigantic labor and since we made available to the organizers the original plates – preserved by my father, Blas, in honor of Posada’s memory – from which were printed the copies now at the Palacio de Bellas Artes, I publish this small edition in modest homage to the great Jose Guadalupe Posada, with the desire of extoling [sic] him and of cooperating in the success of his exposition.

It is signed by Arascio Vanegas Arroyo, grandson of Antonio Vanegas Arroyo, Posada’s original publisher. $3500.

125. Pradt, Dominique-Dufour de: DES COLONIES, ET DE LA REVO- LUTION ACTUELLE DE L’AMERIQUE. Paris. 1817. Two volumes. [4],xxxii,403,[3]; [4],394,[2]pp. Later half red morocco and boards, spines gilt. Corners somewhat worn, boards lightly scuffed, small piece torn away from front board of first volume. Bookplates on front pastedowns. Light foxing and a few scattered dampstains. About very good.

A discussion of the politics of the revolutions in South America, including the Spanish, French, and Portuguese colonies there. Pradt wrote a number of books on European relations with the Americas. Signed by the publisher on the verso of the titlepage in the first volume, evidently as a certification for state censors. SABIN 64882. PALAU 235018. SERVIES 911. $750. 126. Proctor, Robert: NARRATIVE OF A JOURNEY ACROSS THE CORDILLERA OF THE ANDES, AND A RESIDENCE IN LIMA, AND OTHER PARTS OF PERU, IN THE YEARS 1823 AND 1824. London. 1825. xx,374pp. Contemporary three-quarter Russia and marbled boards, neatly rebacked with original spine laid down. Extremities rubbed, corners lightly worn. Contemporary bookplates on front endpapers. Very minor foxing. Very good.

With the bookplate of Viscount Gage. “Proctor was the agent for a British loan to Peru. He relates his arrival at Buenos Aires, his journey across the Pampas of Argentina, then over the cordilleras to Santiago and Valparaiso, and by sea to Callao and Lima. He describes a visit to General Bernardo O’Higgins and gives various particulars concerning General Simon Bolivar, General Antonio Jose de Sucre’s expedition, and other events of importance in the liberation of Spanish South America” – Hill. Proctor was the cousin and brother-in-law of scholar and forger John Payne Collier, who may have helped him with the text, and who certainly helped him negotiate terms with his Edinburgh publisher. HILL 1396. PALAU 238305. SABIN 65951. SANCHEZ 654. NAYLOR 16. $600.

127. [Quivira Society]: [COMPLETE RUN OF QUIVIRA SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS]. [Various places]. 1929-1958. Thirteen titles bound in fifteen volumes. Profusely illustrated with plates and maps. Original half vellum or white cloth backed paper-covered boards, spines gilt. Minor shelf wear. Near fine. Bookplate on front pastedown and front free endpaper of most volumes.

A complete run of this essential series of publications on the history and exploration of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico. The publications are:

1) Expedition into New Mexico Made by Antonio de Espejo, 1582 – 1583, as Revealed in the Journal of Diego Perez de Luxan, a Member of the Party. Translated, with introduction and notes by George P. Hammond and Agapito Rey. 1929. 143pp. HOWES P226. 2) The Indian Uprising in Lower California, 1734 – 1737, as Described by Father Sigis- mundo Taraval. Translated, with introduction and notes by Marguerite E. Wilbur. 1931. 298pp. BARRETT 2371. 3) The Mercurio Volante of Don Carlos de Siguenza y Gongora, an Account of the First Expedition of Don Diego de Vargas into New Mexico in 1692. Translated, with introduction and notes, by Irving A. Leonard. 1932. 136pp. HOWES S455. 4) History of New Mexico by Gaspar Perez de Villagra, Alcala, 1610. Translated by Gilberto Espinosa; introduction and notes by F.W. Hodge. 1933. 308pp. 5) Diary of the Alarcon Expedition into Texas, 1718 – 1719, by Fray Francisco Celiz. Translated by Fritz L. Hoffmann. 1935. 124pp. HOWES C254. 6) History of Texas, 1673 – 1779, by Fray Juan Agustin Morfi. Translated, with biographical introduction and annotations, by Carlos E. Castaneda. 1935. Two volumes. 496; 242pp. “Most complete history of Spanish Texas in its early period” – Howes. HOWES M792. 7) Wagner, Henry R.: The Spanish Southwest, 1542 – 1794, an Annotated Bibliogra- phy. 1937. Two volumes. 270; [271]-553 pp. A classic and essential work on the literature of the Spanish Southwest. AXE, THE PUBLISHED WRITINGS OF HENRY R. WAGNER 87. 8) New Mexico in 1602, Juan de Montoya’s Relation of the Discovery of New Mexico. Edited by George P. Hammond and Agapito Rey. 1938. 143pp. 9) Spanish Approach to Pensacola, 1689 – 1693. Translated, with introduction and notes, by Irving A. Leonard; foreword by James A. Robertson. 1939. 323pp. 10) A Scientist on the Trail, Travel Letters of A.F. Bandelier, 1880 – 1881. Edited by George P. Hammond and Edgar F. Goad. 1949. 142pp. 11) Three New Mexico Chronicles. The Exposicion of Don Pedro Bautisita Pino 1812; the Ojeada of Lic. Antonio Barreiro 1832; and the Additions of Don Jose Agustin de Escudero, 1849. Translated, with introduction and notes, by H. Bailey Carroll and J. Villasana Haggard. 1942. 342pp. “Chief source on New Mexico’s last years as a Spanish province and of her beginnings as a Mexican state” – Howes. HOWES P383 (ref ). 12) Instructions for Governing the Interior Provinces of New Spain, 1786, by Bernardo de Galvez. Translated and edited by Donald E. Worcester. 1951. 150 pp. 13) The Frontiers of New Spain, Nicolas de Laflora’s Description, 1766 – 1768. Edited by Lawrence Kinnaird. 1958. 243pp. $4000.

Commerce of the Californias

128. Quixano, Mariano Ignacio: [THREE PRINTED DOCUMENTS RELATING TO COMMERCE TO AND FROM THE CALIFOR- NIAS]. Mexico. 1819-1820. 2 leaves each. Folio and small quarto. One document with punctures in inner margin as for filing in a binder. Very good.

The King granted a special status to Fernando Sierra, a merchant in Cadiz, exempting him from paying taxes on goods belonging to him that were travelling from Spain to Upper and Lower California, and those being taken to Spain from those frontier regions. Tax officials in San Blas, Tepic, Guadalajara, and Veracruz had skirted the King’s will and invented taxes and impositions not specifically mentioned in the King’s previous decrees. Herein Quixano, a viceregal official in the tax department in Mexico City, pontificates on Sierra’s behalf on his being harassed, and reissues in one document a series of prior decrees. One of the documents relates specifically to Sierra’s frigate, Rosalia, and to the customs officials in San Blas. Given the need to reiterate the King’s wishes, it is doubtful that Sr. Sierra received the relief he wanted, needed, or expected. $1500. 129. Raynal, Guillaume Thomas François: HISTOIRE PHILOS- OPHIQUE ET POLITIQUE, DES ÉTABLISSEMENS & DU COMMERCE DES EUROPÉENS DANS LES DEUX INDES. Ge- neva. 1775. Three volumes. [4],iii,iii-viii, 719pp. plus folding map and three plates; [4],viii,622pp. plus two folding maps and two plates; [4],viii,658,iv pp. plus folding map and three plates. Thick quarto. Contemporary mottled calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Some light wear to hinges and corners. Con- temporary ownership inscription on each fly leaf. Internally clean. Near fine.

The elegant Geneva edition of this work, the handsomest of the contemporary editions. Abbé Raynal’s critique and history of the European colonization of much of the rest of the world is one of the most famous historical works of the Age of Revolution. While often tripping over his facts, Raynal was among the first widely read writers to attack the morality of European exploitation of native peoples and the institution of slavery. It was widely believed that he only served as the front figure for Diderot and others in making his charges. The book was first published, anonymously, in Amsterdam in 1770, and many other editions followed; this is by far the best. Raynal’s position made him the hero of many who defied the establishment, and the book was an important philosophical work, especially for openly attacking slavery as a fundamental vio- lation of human rights. It became a key text of the American Revolution, and Raynal became a correspondent of Franklin, Jefferson, and Adams. SABIN 68080. BELL R44 (1st ed). CLARK I:292. JCB, LES NOUVELLES FRANCES 180. SOWERBY, JEFFERSON’S LIBRARY 466. HOWES R84 (ref ). $2750.

Lima Mourns Charles III: A Rare Type of Volume from an Interesting Press

130. Rico, Juan: REALES EXEQUIAS, QUE POR EL FALLECIMIEN- TO DEL SEÑOR DON CARLOS III, REY DE ESPAÑA.... Lima: En la Imprenta Real de los Niños Expósitos, 1789. [4],169; [2],50 pp., plus folding plate. Contemporary limp vellum with neatly inked title on spine; all edges inked decoratively. Old blurred stamp on front free endpaper, old single numerals very faint on titlepages. Small tear in margin of plate, not affecting image. Overall very good, clean and with wide margins.

Fray Rico, an Oratorian, describes the memorial services in Lima on the occasion of the death of King Carlos III, as well as the commemorative art work and its Neo-Latin epigraphs. Fray Bernardo Rueda’s “Oracion Funebre que en las Solemnes Exequias del Rey Nuestro Señor Don Carlos III” has a sectional titlepage and its own pagination. The folding plate is of the funeral monument erected in the King’s memory. It is an extremely well executed, large engraving, signed by Vazquez and dated at Lima, 1789. The number of “splendid ceremonies” books produced in colonial Peru is small: there is no census, but we suspect the number to be around twenty. Other interesting aspects of the work are that it is an important source for the social and artistic life of Lima in the decade following the Tupac Amaru rebellion, and that it is from one of Latin America’s famous presses of “orphan children.” NUC and WorldCat locate only two copies in the U.S. Searches of CCPB and the OPAC of the Spanish national library locate three Spanish libraries reporting ownership. COPAC finds no copies in Britain. Rare and desirable. JCB III:324. MEDINA, LIMA 1697. SABIN 73902. VARGAS UGARTE 2546. $8750.

Catholic Catechism in Aztec, in an Interesting Binding

131. Ripalda, Gerónimo: CATECISMO MEXICANO. Mexico: Bibliotheca Mexicana, 1758. [34],170,[2]pp. Contemporary Mexican sprinkled calf binding, probably by a “provincial” binder. Minor wear to binding. A few small areas of discoloration where candle wax spilled on a page, a bit of other light toning, one small contemporary notation. Very good.

The first edition of Father Ignacio de Paredes’ translation of Father Ripalda’s Spanish-language catechism into Nahuatl. Both men were Jesuits, but in different centuries and on different continents: Ripalda was born in Spain in 1535 and died in 1618, never having left Europe; Paredes was born in Mexico in 1703 and died there the year this book was published, hailed as one of the most important Nahuatl scholars of the period. Beristain describes Paredes as being “outstanding in the Mexican language.” His volume was intended for use by missionaries, by parish priests, and by Indians. Indeed, there is a prologue intended to persuade Indians in particular to read and learn this catechism. The volume is illustrated with woodcut arms on the verso of the second titlepage and bears many woodcut initials and tailpieces throughout. This copy retains Ortuño’s engraved frontispiece of St. Francis, which is often missing. GARCIA ICAZBALCETA, LENGUAS 56. VIÑAZA 341. H. DE LEÓN-PORTILLA, TEPUZTLAHCUILOLLI 2286. PALAU 269110. MEDINA, MEXICO 4500. DeBACK- ER-SOMMERVOGEL VI:210-211. SABIN 71488. LeCLERC 2334. PILLING, PROOF- SHEETS 2891. $5000.

A Remarkable Mexican Book Production

132. Riva Palacio, Vicente: Payno, Manuel: EL LIBRO ROJO. Mexico. 1870. [2],153pp. plus lithograph titlepage and thirty-eight lithographed plates (at least one with hand-coloring). Large folio. Brown publisher’s morocco, stamped in black and gilt, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Hinges rubbed, corners lightly rubbed. Some light scattered foxing, but generally quite clean. Very good.

An elaborate 19th-century Mexican lithographic book, issued on a grand scale with large lithographs after drawings by Primitivo Miranda, depicting a pantheon of martyrs of the Mexican nation. Riva Palacio and Payno were noted intellectuals, and with this book they clearly sought to immortalize those who had sacri- ficed their lives for the nation, thus the title, Libro Rojo or Red Book, signifying the bloodshed throughout Mexican history. Interestingly, many of the plates depict horrors inflicted either by Spaniards or by the Mexi- can Inquisition. Depicted here are Montezuma II, Cuauhtemoc, Martin Cortez, Pedro de Alvarado, la familia Carabajal, la familia Dongo, Hidalgo, Allende, Morelos, Guerrero, Los Marires de Tacubaya, and Maximilian. The plate titled “La Peste (1577)” is partially colored and depicts a country village in Mexico affected by the plague. The lithographs are by Hernandez and Iriarte, the whole printed by Diaz de Leon y White. A rare complete copy of this unusual lithographic book, here in a beautiful binding and in very nice condition. $4250.

133. Rodo, Juan Lope del: IDEA SUCINTA DEL PROBABILISMO, QUE CONTIENE LA HISTORIA ABREVIADA DE SU ORI- GEN, PROGRESOS, Y DECADENCIA: EL EXAMEN CRITICO DE LAS RAZONES, QUE LO ESTABLECEN, Y UN RESUMEN DE LOS ARGUMENTOS, QUE LO IMPUGNAN POR D. JUAN LOPE DEL RODO.... Lima: Imprenta Real Calle de Palacio, 1772. [74], 127,[1]pp. Titlepage printed in red and black. Small quarto. Contemporary tree calf, tooled in gilt, spine gilt, gilt morocco label. Boards lightly rubbed and edgeworn. Bookseller’s ink stamp on front free endpaper. Signature inked out on titlepage; early ownership signature on verso of titlepage and verso of following leaf. Generally clean internally. Very good overall.

Concerning the theological concept of probabilism and the recent expulsion of the Jesuits from Latin America. This work is not extraordinary for its content, since it was no more than a compilation of often-used arguments against probabilism, known to any theology student of the time. Rather, the book is interesting because it relates to the debates at the Fourth Council of Lima, and is explicitly connected to the moral system of probabilism which led to the expulsion of the Jesuits a few years earlier. Rodo argued that the accusations made against the Society of Jesus, including propagating new and lax doctrines – contrary to religion – grew out of their probabilist beliefs. Only a handful of copies on OCLC. MEDINA, LIMA 1347. VARGAS UGARTE 2065. PALAU 139857. OCLC 3114085. $1800.

A Plea for an Argentine Republic

134. [Rondeau, Jose]: MANIFIESTO A LAS PROVINCIAS-UNIDAS DEL RIO DE LA PLATA [caption title]. Buenos Aires. Jan. 7, 1816. 8pp. Folio. Loose gatherings. Minor soiling and wear. Near fine.

A rare Argentine imprint. Rondeau was named Supreme Director of the United Provinces in 1815 and was elected as the director of the republic in 1820. In this passionate plea to the citizens he argues for their support of republicanism and criticizes the various political factions vying for power. Not in OCLC; one copy at auction (this copy) in 2003, otherwise apparently unrecorded. $1350.

The Watermark Points to Printing in Mexico or Puebla

135. Roxas, Alonso de: AL REY NUESTRA SEÑOR, POR LA PROVIN- CIA DE LA COMPANIA DE IESUS DE LA NUEVA ESPAÑA. [N.p., Mexico, Puebla or Madrid? 1650. 278pp. Small quarto. Contemporary limp vellum, evidence of lost ties. Early ownership signature in lower margin of titlepage, but crossed out making it most difficult to decipher. Bookseller’s label of the Libreria de San Martin in Madrid. Else very good.

The legendary feud between Bishop Juan de Palafox y Mendoza and the Society of Jesus was acrimonious, lengthy, and rich in legal filings. The main point of contention between the opposing parties was the failure of the Society to submit to the authority of the bishops and archbishop of Mexico, and this had a subchapter concerning the Jesuits’ refusal to tithe to the ecclesiastical authorities. The present filing by the Society via its lawyer is a reply to Father Palafox’s Al Excelentissimo Señor Don Garcia de Avellaneda i Haro Conde de Castrillo Presidente en el Real y Su- premo de las Indias..., published 1646 (see Medina BHA 6946). Sabin characterizes the Society’s reply as “rabid.” There are two editions of this work: the other has only 131 leaves and contains a typographical error on the titlepage (“lirro” for “libro”). In this edition the “Apendiz al Memorial. Aduertencias a quien lo huuiere leido” (pp.242-278) is by Juan Antonio Jarque. The place of printing has long been a matter of conjecture because of the paucity of studies of typography and typographic norms in Mexico and Puebla in the 17th century. We admit to no scholarship on the topic of typefaces but do have extensive experience with the paper used in Mexico and Puebla in the 1650s, and the watermark in this edition is that of paper widely used there. SABIN 58279, 73620. PALAU 209627, 275715. MEDINA, BHA 6837. DeBACKER- SOMMERVOGEL VII, col. 252. STREIT, BIBLIOTHECA MISSIONUM VII:1780. $6000.

Epic Poem on Cortés: The Salva Copy

136. Ruiz de Leon, Francisco: HERNANDIA. TRIUMPHOS DE LA FE, Y GLORIA DE LAS ARMAS ESPAÑOLAS. POEMA HEROYCO. CONQUISTA DE MEXICO, CABEZA DEL IMPERIO SEPTEN- TRIONAL DE LA NUEVA-ESPAÑA. PROEZAS DE HERNAN- CORTES, CATHOLICOS BLASONES MILITARES, Y GRANDE- ZAS DEL NUEVO MUNDO. Madrid. 1755. [20],383pp. Small quarto. 19th-century half calf and cloth, cover gilt. Corners worn. Bookplate on front pastedown. Negligible foxing. Very good plus.

A great epic poem on Cortés, “one of the most interesting works on the Conquest of Mexico” (LeClerc). The author was a native of Mexico. This is the Salva copy, with his coat of arms stamped in gilt on the covers. MEDINA, BHA 3753. PALAU 282022. SABIN 74025. SALVA 923. $1500.

Cultural History Saved from Extinction

137. Sahagún, Bernardino de: HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS COSAS DE NUEVA ESPAÑA. Mexico: Impr. del ciudadano Alejandro Valdés, 1829-1830. Three volumes. [6],xx,277,xxxi,279-350,[7]; [6],397,xlvi,[9]; [4], 339[4]pp. Lacks folding plate in first volume. Small quarto. Later brown half morocco and marbled boards, spines gilt. Rubbed at extremities, boards lightly scuffed. Bookplate on front pastedowns. Bright and clean internally. Very good.

Father Sahagún’s life as a teacher of boys from high-ranking Nahuatl families and as a student of their language and history is well known and long has been. But the original 16th-century manuscript of his history of pre-Conquest Mexico in Nahuatl lay unpublished in the Laurentian library in Florence, Italy, until the 20th century; and his own translation of it suffered a similar fate until the great 19th-century historian, Carlos María de Bustamante, found that manuscript in the library of the monastery of San Francisco de Tolosa de Navana and published this edition. Father Sahagún’s native students and their families clearly “opened up,” as we would now say, to him and his project of recording the facts and lore of their then- vanishing culture in their own language. His text brims with firsthand information gleaned from them on astronomy, astrology, myths, social structure, language, history, gemology, warfare, and literature, to mention a few fields of study. Bustamante added explanatory notes and amplifying texts from collateral sources such as Alvaro de Tezozomoc, Sigüenza y Góngora, and his own writings. PALAU 284994. FIELD 1438. SABIN 74950. H. DE LEÓN-PORTILLA, TEPUZT- LAHCUILOLLI 2455. $1750. 138. Salazar y Olarte, Ignacio de: HISTORIA DE LA CONQUISTA DE MEXICO...SEGUNDA PARTE. Madrid. 1786. [36],472pp. Printed in double columns. Folio. Contemporary speckled calf, spine gilt. Later bookplate on front pastedown. A few scattered spots of foxing or soiling, but generally quite fresh and clean internally. Very good plus.

Second edition of this early history, which is actually a continuation of Solis’ history of Mexico, although the work is described in the title as the second part. Solis carried the narrative of Hernando Cortés’ exploits from 1518 to 1520, and the final surrender and death of Montezuma. Salazar’s work, first printed in 1743, follows the later history of the conquest until 1547. Salazar is such an important source on Mexican history because virtually nothing was written about the period immediately following Montezuma. This copy was owned by Francis Augustus MacNutt, the editor of the letters of Cortés. A handsome copy. SABIN 75595. LeCLERC 1261. MEDINA, MEXICO 5207. PALAU 286884. JCB III:3094. $850.

The Mexican Side of the Boundary Survey

139. Salazar Ylarregui, José: DATOS DE LOS TRABAJOS ASTRO- NOMICOS Y TOPOGRAFICOS, DISPUESTOS EN FORMA DE DIARIO. PRACTICADOS DURANTE EL AÑO DE 1849 Y PRINCIPIOS DE 1850 POR LA COMISION DE LIMITES MEXI- CANA EN LA LINEA QUE DIVIDE ESTA REPUBLICA DE LA DE LOS ESTADOS-UNIDOS. Mexico: Imprenta de Juan R. Navarro, 1850. 123pp. plus two folding maps. Large octavo. Contemporary half calf, spine gilt. Head of spine rubbed, hinges cracking, corners bumped. Bookplate on front pastedown. Titlepage lightly foxed, minor scattered foxing. Very good.

The author was the surveyor for the Mexican boundary survey after the Mexican- American War. This work describes his surveys from San Diego to the confluence of the Gila and Colorado rivers, and much of the text consists of daily entries made between July 1849 and January 1850. The folding maps illustrate the port of San Diego and the area of California and Arizona around the junction of the two rivers. “Salazar gives the earliest detailed account of the previously unsurveyed border regions of California and Central Arizona” – Hill. This book is quite scarce on the market, and this is only the third copy we have encountered in more than fifteen years. STREETER SALE 2648. WAGNER-CAMP 190. HILL 1514. HOWES S47, “b.” GRAFF 3652. WHEAT TRANSMISSISSIPPI 690, 691. PALAU 286944. $4000.

San Martin Exhorts Chile

140. [San Martín, José de]: PROCLAMA A LOS HABITANTES DEL ESTADO DE CHILE. COMPATRIOTAS: AL FIN SE ACERCA EL DIA TAN SUSPIRADO POR VOSOTROS, COMO POR NUESTROS HERMANOS DEL PERÚ...[caption title]. [Santiago. 1820]. Broadside, approximately 11½ x 7½ inches. Printed on light blue paper. Early folds. Ownership ink stamp between third and fourth lines of text, small numerical ink inscription in upper right corner. A few small holes affecting only a few characters of text; chipping in upper right and lower left corners with loss to six characters of text in the latter. White paper affixed to verso reinforcing two folds and areas of loss. Very light staining. Good.

A stirring proclamation by South American liberator José de San Martín to the people of Chile shortly before his departure from that country for Peru. In 1820, two years after Chile declared and effectively won its independence from Spain, San Martín assembled a Pacific fleet to sail from Chile to Peru and aid in the struggle for independence there. The Chilean Navy’s fleet of eight warships and sixteen transport ships set sail from Valparaíso on Aug. 20 and at Paracas, Peru on Sept. 7. San Martín’s forces immediately attacked and seized the city of Pisco, beginning a long campaign of battle and diplomacy that helped lead to Peru’s full liberation in 1824. The present broadside is signed in print by San Martín in Santiago, June 17, 1820. As he prepares for the journey to Peru, he calls on Chileans to keep peace and order during his absence and encourages patience with the young government. He concludes with a powerful declaration of the importance of the final stage of South America’s fight for independence (here in translation):

Compatriots! I am going to open the most memorable campaign of our revolution: on it hangs the consolidation of our destinies, the hopes of this vast continent, the fate of our families, the fortune of our friends, in short the sacred thing that is our honor. Entrusted in the justice of our cause, and under the protection of the Supreme Being, I promise you victory, and I do not doubt that she will crown...the perseverance of the brave ones who accompany me.

A rare and powerful document. OCLC locates only one copy, at the John Carter Brown Library. $3000.

141. Solis y Ribadeneyra, Antonio: THE HISTORY OF THE CON- QUEST OF MEXICO BY THE SPANIARDS. DONE INTO ENG- LISH...BY THOMAS TOWNSEND, ESQ. London. 1724. [18],163, 252,152pp. plus frontispiece portrait, five (of six) plates (two folding), and two maps. Folio. Contemporary leather boards, rebacked with new endpapers. Corners heavily worn. Modern bookplate on front pastedown. Bright and crisp internally. Good.

The first edition in English of this classic history of the conquest of Mexico, first published in Madrid in 1684, and reprinted in multiple editions in every European language. The author was a noted Spanish dramatist and historian. This work remained the most important European source on Latin American history up through the first part of the 19th century. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 724/165. SABIN 86487. PALAU 318693. MEDINA, BHA 1773n. JCB (1)III:350. ESTC T135491. $1600.

142. Sonneschmidt, Friedrich: MINAS EN ESPAÑA. TRATADO DEL BENEFICIO DE SUS METALES DE PLATA POR AZOGUE, SE- GUN EL METODO MAS COMUNMENTE USADO EN NUEVA ESPAÑA.... Madrid. 1834. 214pp. plus frontispiece and errata. Small quarto. Contemporary tree calf, spine gilt, morocco label. Extremities worn. Contem- porary bookplate on front pastedown, later notation on rear fly leaf. Minor scattered soiling, else bright and clean. Very good.

A scarce and interesting work describing the mining techniques in New Spain. A large part of the text contains the previously unpublished manuscript of Sonneschmidt in which he discusses his chemical and mineralogy study, with recommendations on methods and processes. Sonneschmidt and several other scientists were commissioned by the Real Seminario de Mineria to conduct these studies in an effort to produce greater efficiency in mining techniques. A rare wealth of information for scholars of mining history in the New World. PALAU 140903. $900.

143. [Sonora]: Alaman, Lucas: [MEXICAN DECREE SPLITTING THE STATE OF SONORA Y SINALOA INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES] PRIMERA SECRETARIA DE ESTADO, DEPARTA- MENTO DEL INTERIOR. SECCION 1A. Mexico. Oct. 13, 1830. [1]p. on a folio sheet, with integral blank leaf intact. Small stain at top edge. Good.

First publication of the presidential approval of the separation of Sonora and Sinaloa. Word had reached Mexico City from Concepcion de Alamos, in Occidente, that the legislature of the state had finally voted to dissolve the state of Occidente into two separate and independent parts, Sonora and Sinaloa. This is the publication of the official approval by the federal congress, the president, and vice president. The whole Spanish Southwest was greatly affected by the division, and the act was a momentous event in the histories of California, Arizona, and New Mexico. An important document for any collection relating to the area. Scarce. $750.

144. [Spanish Colonial Laws]: RECOPILACION DE LEYES DE LOS REYNOS DE LAS INDIAS. Madrid. 1681. Three volumes (of four). [5], 299; [3],298; [3],302 leaves. Lacks volume four and one preliminary leaf in first volume. Folio. Later sheepskin, leather labels. Binding rubbed at extremities. Light soiling to titlepages, titlepage of first volume backed with paper. Minor soiling to text; some heavier dampstaining to first volume. Overall, very good.

The first comprehensive compilation of the laws of the Spanish Indies. Antonio Rodríguez de León Pinello compiled it by 1635, but it circulated only in manuscript until Fernando Jiménez de Paniagua brought it up to date and saw the work through the press in 1681. Prior to the publication of this massive work, it was common practice for lawyers and courts in the various legal districts of the New World (i.e. audiencias) to compile in manuscript the laws in force in order that they might be used as precedents. Upon publication of this code, the number of precedents did not decrease but increased: the courts continued to accept the cases and laws in the old local manuscript compilations, as well as those on point and laws contained in the Recopilación. In sum, this is a major work for all collections of international and Hispanic specific law. SABIN 68386. PALAU 252516. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 681/135. $4000.

145. [Spanish Indies]: EL REY. POR QUANTO ESTOY ENTERADO QUE SIN EMBARGO DE LO DISPUESTO POR LAS LEYES...EN LAS QUALES SE MANDA, QUE LOS VIRREYES, PRESIDEN- TES, Y AUDIENCIAS, HAGAN OBSERVAR, QUE LOS COR- REGIDORES, Y JUSTICIAS, RESIDAN EN LOS PUEBLO PRIN- CIPALES, Y CAVECERAS DE SUS JURISDICCIONES, Y NO PUEDAN AUSENTARSE DE ELLOS SIN SU LICENCIA CON CAUSA PRECISA, Y LIMITACION DE TIEMPO, NO ESTANDO OCUPADOS EN LA VISITA...[caption title]. [Madrid. 1758]. [3]pp. Folio. Dbd. Maltese cross at head of title. Contemporary manuscript inscription in ink and later pencil inscription at top of first page. Accomplished in manuscript (see below), with additional inscription on p.[3]. Additional manuscript inscription on blank verso of final printed page. Extremely light dampstaining in margins, occasional light soiling. Very good.

A rare royal cedula issued by Ferdinand VI, King of Spain, confirming earlier published laws stating that viceroys, presidents, and audiencias are to ensure that corregidores and justices reside in the principle towns and headquarters of their jurisdictions. The decree also states that the judges are not to be absent from their principle residences except under special circumstances when a license is issued indicating the precise cause for the absence and the length of time the judge will be away. In addition, the judges can not name their own “lieutenants” or assistants, nor can the viceroys, presidents, and audiencias name judges’ assistants without royal approval. This copy, accomplished in manuscript at Villaviciosa, Spain on Sept. 7, 1758, is signed by Juan Manuel Crespo, with the additional inscription “Yo El Rey” and the annotation: “Por mandado del Reyno exo. señor.” A manuscript inscription on the blank verso of the final printed page, dated Dec. 4, 1759, confirms that the decree has been reviewed by the President and other high-ranking officials in Santiago de Chile. A rare proclamation regarding colonial judges in Spanish dominions throughout the New World. Not in OCLC, Medina BHA, or Palau. $1750.

146. [Spanish Indies]: EL REY. POR QUANTO HALLANDOME CON SEGURAS NOTICIAS, DE QUE SIN EMBARGO DE NO DE- BERSE LLEVAR DERECHOS, NI OTROS EMOLUMENTOS EN LAS SECRETARÌAS DE CAMARA DE MIS VIRREYES DE LA AMERICA, PUES CON ESTE RESPECTO NINGUNOS LES ESTÀN SEÑALADOS, Y TASADOS EN LAS LEYES, Y REALES ARANCELES DE AQUELLOS REYNOS...[caption title]. [Madrid. 1759]. [3]pp. Folio. Dbd. Maltese cross at head of title. Contemporary manuscript inscriptions in ink at top of first page. Accomplished in manuscript at Villaviciosa, Spain on Feb. 18, 1759, signed by Juan Manuel Crespo, with additional inscription, on p.[3]. Light dampstaining in margins, occasional light soiling. Very good.

A rare royal cedula issued by Ferdinand VI, King of Spain, confirming that the Secretaries of vice-royal chambers throughout the Americas do not have the rights, privileges, and emoluments held by governors, corregidores, and alcalde mayores. The decree refers to past abuses of power and finance by secretaries which were harmful to the realm, and directs viceroys, presidents, and governors to ensure that secretaries, officials, and other dependents do not assume privileges which are not appropriate to their position. This copy, accomplished in manuscript at Villaviciosa, Spain on Feb. 18, 1759, is signed by Juan Manuel Crespo, with the inscription: “Yo el Rey. Por mandado del Rey Nuestro Señor.” In addition the inscription notes that this printed text is a copy of the royal cedula located in the books of the Secretary of Peru located in Madrid as of March 31, 1759. A rare proclamation regarding the limits of compensation for particular royal officials in Spanish dominions throughout the New World. Not in OCLC, Medina BHA, or Palau. $1750.

147. [Spanish Indies]: EL REY. POR QUANTO CON MOTIBO DE MI EXALTACION AL TRONO, TUVE POR BIEN, DE CONCED- ER INDULTO GENERAL À LOS REOS QUE SE HALLASEN EN LAS CARCELES DE LA CORTE, Y VILLA DE MADRID, Y DEMÀS DEL REYNO À CUYO SIN MANDÈ EXPEDIR CON FECHA DE VEINTE, Y OCHO DE ENERO DE ESTE AÑO LA REAL CEDULA DEL TENOR SIGUIENTE...[caption title]. [Ma- drid. 1760]. [5]pp. plus integral blank leaf inscribed. Folio. Dbd. Maltese cross at head of titlepage. Contemporary manuscript inscription and later pencil inscription at top of first page. Accomplished in manuscript at Buen Retiro, Spain on Dec. 28, 1770. Signed by Juan Manuel Crespo with additional annotation on last page of printed text and additional inscription on verso of last page of text. Integral blank leaf with manuscript note related to the cedula on recto and verso. Very good.

A rare detailed royal cedula issued by Charles III, King of Spain, ordering a general pardon of accused individuals to be enacted throughout the Spanish Indies. Citing earlier royal proclamations issued previously by Charles III concerning clemency for prisoners, this cedula reprints texts of decrees from January and February 1760. While most prisoners were to receive pardons, a long list of exceptions, based on the Jan. 28 cedula, is provided. These included those accused of secular and religious treason, killing a priest, counterfeiting money, arson, blasphemy, sodomy, robbery, falsehoods, and dueling. Numerous other details regarding the earlier clemencies are also provided. The present royal amnesty was to be distributed to the viceroys, presidents, audiencias, governors, and other judges throughout the Indies in order that this resolution by properly executed. This copy, accomplished in manuscript at Buen Retiro on Dec. 28, 1770, is signed by Juan Manuel Crespo with the additional annotation: “Yo El Rey. Por mandado del Rey Nuestro Señor.” A manuscript inscription on the blank verso of the final printed page, dated Feb. 27, 1762, confirms that the decree had been reviewed two days earlier by the President and other high officials in Santiago de Chile. A manuscript note in a separate hand on the recto and verso of the integral blank leaf provides additional information about the receipt of the document in Santiago in 1762. A rare and highly informative proclamation regarding royal pardons to be enacted throughout the Spanish New World and in Spain. Not in OCLC, Medina BHA, or Palau. $1750. 148. Tagle y Portocarrero, José Bernardo de: MANIFIESTO DEL MARQUES DE TORRE-TAGLE, SOBRE ALGUNOS SUCESOS NOTABLES DE SU GOBIERNO. Lima. 1824. xx,39pp. Dbd. Small stain on titlepage, minor scattered foxing, else very good.

Defense published by Jose Bernardo de Tagle, Marques de Torre-Tagle, after being ousted from the presidency of Peru. Tagle was the second president of Peru, in office only from August 1823 to February 1824, at which point he was accused of conspiring with the royalist faction and removed from office by Simón Bolívar. Fewer than ten copies in OCLC. MEDINA, LIMA 3786. $650.

The Slidell Mission to Mexico

149. [Texas]: ULTIMAS COMUNICACIONES ENTRE EL GOBIERNO MEXICANO Y EL ENVIADO ESTRAORDINARIO Y MINISTRO PLENIPOTENCIARIO NOMBRADO POR EL DE LOS ESTA- DOS-UNIDOS, SOBRE LA CUESTION DE TEJAS, Y ADMISION DE DICHO AGENTE. Mexico: Imprente de Ignacio Cumplido, 1846. 22pp. Tall octavo. Original printed yellow wrappers. Front wrapper detached but present. Wrappers a bit soiled, chipped at edges. Very light age-toning to text. About very good.

This pamphlet discusses the Slidell mission to Mexico and its attempt to improve the situation between Mexico and the United States, especially as relates to Texas. The Eberstadts describe this as a basic document of the Mexican-American War, as it “was the final effort in the negotiation to preserve peace, after which war became inevitable.” Indeed, herein it is stated: “The Mexican nation does not recognize the American flag on Texas soil...and shall never permit new territorial advances by the United States....” PALAU 212780. GARRETT, p.87. STREETER SALE 245. EBERSTADT 162:541. $1500.

The Spanish-British Treaty of 1630: Opening the Caribbean to British Trade

150. [Treaty of Madrid]: CAPITULACOES DA PAZ FEITA ENTRE EL REY NOSSO SENHOR, & O SERENISSIMO REY DA GRAM BRETANHA, AS QUAES SE CONCLUYRAM PELOS DISPUTA- DOS QUE NELLAS SE DIZ EM MADRID A 15. DE NOUEM- BRO DE 1630. Lisbon: Antonio Aluarez, 1633. 20 leaves, plus errata. Vi- gnette on titlepage. Modern three-quarter morocco and marbled boards. Later 17th-century ownership signature on titlepage. Very good.

The Treaty of Madrid, here in the first Lisbon edition (Portugal at this time was controlled by Spain), made peace between Spain and Britain. Its main importance to the New World was its guarantee that British traders could move freely and do business in America and the East Indies, except those parts of the West Indies and Central and South America where the Spanish had settlements. Thus it still kept England out of the Caribbean, but gave free rein to trade with the North American colonies, and for the British to pursue their plantings of colonies in unoccupied parts of the Americas. An important treaty, with substantial economic consequences. Scarce. Not in European Americana nor on OCLC. DAVENPORT 35. PALAU 43236. $3250.

Early Havana Imprint

151. Trespalacios y Verdeja, Felípe José de: EDICTO EN QUE EL IL- USTRISIMO SEÑOR DR. D. FELIPE JOSEPH DE TRES-PALA- CIOS Y VERDEJA, PRIMER OBISPO DE LA HAVANA, PRO- VINCIAS DE LA FLORIDA Y LUISIANA, DEL CONSEJO DE S. M. &c. CORRIGE EN SU DIOSCESIS EL ABUSO, Y DESOR- DEN CON QUE SE TOCAN LAS CAMPANAS, Y CONCURRE A LA MODERACION CON QUE LA REAL PRAGMATICA REDUCE LA POMPA FUNEBRE. Havana: Curia Episcopal y Real Colegio Seminario de San Carlos, 1792. [2],22pp. Quarto. Contempo- rary marbled wrappers. Minor soiling and wear. Very good plus.

An edict by the Bishop of Havana, Florida, and Louisiana restricting the use of bells at funerals and encouraging a more reverent atmosphere. Other particulars of enforcing proper behavior are also noted. This first edition appears in Medina, citing only the copy described in Bachiller in 1859. Palau cites only the Madrid second edition. Early imprints from Havana, or anywhere in the Caribbean, are all quite rare. MEDINA, HABANA 110. PALAU 340351 (2nd ed). $4000. 152. Ulloa, Antonio de, and George Juan: VOYAGE HISTORIQUE DE L’AMERIQUE MERIDIONALE FAIT PAR ORDRE DU ROI D’ESPAGNE.... Amsterdam & Leipzig: Arkste’e & Merkus, 1752. Two volumes. [22],554; [2],316,[6],[6],309,[3]pp., plus fifty-five plates and maps (most folding). Quarto. Contemporary speckled calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Hinges cracked, boards lightly worn and stained. Bookplates on front endpapers. Light scattered foxing and soiling. Good plus, with nice wide margins.

First French edition, after the original Spanish of 1747. Sabin lists the French language edition as published in Amsterdam and Leipzig, with the note: “Some copies of this French translation have the imprint, ‘Paris: Charles Antoine Jombert, MDCCLII’; this has given rise to the idea that an edition was printed there, which is not the case; there is merely a change in the title. The translator was M. de Mauvillon.” This voyage to Peru was undertaken due to the desire of the French government to send members of the Academy of Sciences to measure a degree of longitude in the equinoctial countries of Peru. To share in the honor the King of Spain sent along his two most scientific-oriented officers, Ulloa and Juan. The text is illustrated with handsome engraved plates and maps of the region and the inhabitants. Much of the second volume is devoted to the Incas and their customs. COX II, p.275. HILL 1740. PALAU 125479. MEDINA, BHA 3464. FIELD 1587. SA- BIN 36812. BORBA DE MORAES, p.873 (ref ). $2500.

The End of Spanish Rule in Central America

153. Urrutia, Carlos de: EL EXCMO. SR. SECRETARIO DEL ESTADO DE LA GOVERNACION DE ULTRAMAR CON REALES OR- DENES DE 29. DE AGOSTA, Y 9. DE OCTUBRE DEL AÑO PROXIMO PASADO...[caption title]. Guatemala. February 1821. 9pp. plus initial integral blank. Folio. Stitched as issued. Light foxing at edges, single worm hole. Very clean. Very good plus.

A decree compiled by a royal commission regarding education standards for Spanish- held Guatemala. It covers the topics of language, medicine, theology, philosophy, and civil jurisprudence. A list of approved authors is provided at the end of the decree and is signed by Carlos Luis de Urrutia, military commander of Guatemala. The decree was published and distributed less than a year before Guatemala established its independence from Spain on Sept. 15, 1821. Not in OCLC. $750.

154. [Varela, Florencio]: OBSERVATIONS ON OCCURRENCES IN THE RIVER PLATE, IN CONNECTION WITH THE ANGLO- FRENCH INTERVENTION. Monte Video [Uruguay]. 1843. [4],59pp. Later three-quarter morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Very good.

A translation of Sucesos del Rio de la Plata... with an added appendix containing the official documents referred to in the work (an addition not found in any of the similar titles in Spanish, French, or English). Florencio Varela (1808-48) was an Argentine writer who lived in exile in Montevideo as a result of opposing the government of Juan Manuel de Rosas. A harsh and outspoken critic of Gen. Rosas, Varela was assassinated by Andres Cabrera, acting on an order from Rosas. This work is rare in any form. This edition is not located on OCLC. PALAU 198283. $675.

Nahuatl with an Overlay as Spoken in Puebla, Not Mexico City

155. Vázquez Gastelú, Antonio: ARTE DE LENGUA MEXICANA... CORREGIDO...Por el Br. D. Antonio de Olmedo y Torre. Puebla: Por Diego Fernãdez Leon y por su original en la Impr. de Francisco Xavier de Morales y Salazar, 1726. [2],54 [i.e. 53] leaves. Small quarto. 20th-century vellum over boards, vellum a little sprung and lightly soiled. Some upper and lower margins closely trimmed costing catchwords, signature signs, or portions of folio numbers, and just touching the base of one very large handsome tail- piece. Small ownership stamp in lower margin of title-leaf verso. In all, a good copy of a difficult to obtain indigenous language book.

The third edition of this uncommon and significant work on the language of the Aztecs, the first having appeared in 1689 and a second in 1693. A third edition of 1716 is listed in several bibliographies, but it is a ghost: the “2” in the date of this 1726 edition is often indistinct on the titlepage, causing some to read it as “1716.” Vázquez, a native of Puebla, was a professor of the “Mexican language” (i.e. Nahuatl) at the Royal College of San Juan and San Pedro (his local “take” is discernable here). VIÑAZA 286. GARCIA ICAZBALCETA, LENGUAS 33. LEON-PORTILLA, TEPUZTLAHCUILOLLI 2786. MEDINA, PUEBLA 361. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 1412. $6750. Condemning Probabilism and Jansenism

156. Velasco, Tomás de: BREVILOQUIO MORAL PRACTICO, EN QUE SE CONTIENEN LAS SESENTA Y CINCO PROPOSICIO- NES PROHIBIDAS POR N. SS P. INNOCENCIO XI DECLARA- DAS POR VIA DE EXPUGNACION.... Mexico: Por la Viuda de Ber- nardo Calderon, 1681. [10],35,xii,[8] leaves. Contemporary limp vellum, no evidence of ties. Rear cover with brown staining and piece of rear pastedown excised, with vellum a little small for the text block. Faint and sometimes noticeable waterstain in lower corner of some leaves. Undated (late 17th- or early 18th-century) ownership inscription of the Convent of San Antonio of Queretaro on the titlepage verso, faded. Partial marca de fuego on top edge, undeciphered because it is so partial.

Here for the first time a Mexican explains the reasoning behind “Sanctissimus Dominus,” the papal bull that Innocent XI issued in 1679 condemning sixty-five propositions that had been examined by the Inquisition and found to be contrary to the tenets and teachings of the Church. The Roman Catholic Church believed that the condemned propositions favored a liberal approach to moral theology, many of them being based in probabilism, a path of reasoning followed by the Jesuits – a path totally rejected by the conservative orders such as the Augustinians, and definitely rejected by the Dominicans who dominated the Holy Office. Velasco presents the condemned concepts (printed in italic type) one by one and then explains why each has been condemned by the Inquisition. He was a Francis- can and “Lector de Visperas de Theología...en esta Nueva-España.” The twelve-page appendix contains forty-five propositions that Pope Alexander VII had condemned, here with summaries of what other writers had done to explain the reasoning for their condemnation. The propositions were mostly Jansenist. The work is from the press of one of Mexico’s famed “widow printers,” Paula Benavides, the widow of Bernardo Calderon. Via NUC and WorldCat we locate only two copies in U.S. libraries, but we know of a third. Searches of COPAC, CCPB, and the OPAC of the Spanish National Library find no copies in Britain or Spain. The OPAC of the Mexican national library on the other hand, shows seven copies held there. ANDRADE 751. MEDINA, MEXICO 1238. $4250.

157. [Venezuela]: [Bolívar, Simón]: MANIFIESTOS DE LA CORRE- SPONDENCIA QUE HA MEDIADO ENTRE LOS GENERALES CONDE DE CARTAGENA Y DON MIGUEL DE LA TORRE, GEFES DEL EJERCITO DE COSTA-FIRME, CON EL DE LOS DISIDENTES DON SIMON BOLIVAR.... Madrid. 1821. 89pp. Con- temporary plain paper wrappers. Light scattered foxing, primarily to outer leaves. Very good.

Correspondence between the leader of Spanish Royalist forces, Don Miguel de la Torre, and rebel leader Simón Bolívar during the fight for independence in South America. Surprisingly rare, with only three copies located in OCLC, at Yale, Harvard, and the National Library of Chile. SABIN 96221. PALAU 149068. $2250.

The First Published History of the Maya

158. Villagutierre Sotomayor, Juan de: HISTORIA DE LA CONQUIS- TA DE LA PROVINCIA DE EL ITZA, REDUCCION, Y PRO- GRESSOS DE LA DE EL LACANDON, Y OTRAS NACIONES DE INDIOS BARBAROS, DE LA MEDIACION DE EL REYNO DE GUATIMALA, A LAS PROVINCIAS DE YUCATAN, EN LA AMERICA SEPTENTRIONAL. [Madrid: Lucas Antonio de Bedmar y Narvaez, 1701]. [64],660,[34]pp. plus engraved frontis. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, manuscript title on spine, modern leather cords and ties. Mod- erate wear and soiling, some old ink notations on front cover. Minor dampstaining and toning, early Spanish ownership signature and later ink stamp of Alfred Tozzer on titlepage. Overall good plus. Lacking colophon leaf and front free endpaper.

A handsome copy of this story of the Itza people in what is now northern Guate- mala, who finally succumbed to Span- ish forces in 1697. Although the author never set foot in the New World, his high position in the Consejo de Indias and other royal councils gave him access to much important documentation for the writing of this prized history of the conquest of the Izta Maya and the attempted conquest of the Lacandón Indians during the last decades of the 17th century; the conquest of Petén; and the misadventures of Roque de Soberanis y Senteno and Martín de Urzúa, two governors of the Yucatán, make for very exciting reading. This is the first published book dedicated solely to the history of the Yucatán and the Maya, here offered in its first edition, second issue (with the corrected catch- word “glas” at the foot of the recto of preliminary leaf F2). Bedmar y Narvaez printed the titlepage in black and red and the text is in double-column format. This copy contains both the engraved “frontispiece” and the black and red titlepage, but, as usual, not the very rare colophon. Although touted as “Primera parte” on the titlepage, there were no further parts; this Historia... is complete, “all published.” PALAU 366681. MEDINA, BHA 2051. FIELD 1605 (“has from its extreme rarity remained almost unknown”). SABIN 99643. LeCLERC 1546. SALVÁ 3422. HEREDIA 3407. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 701/262. Villagutierre: ARCHIVO BIOGRÁFICO DE ESPAÑA, PORTUGAL, E IBEROAMÉRICA, fiche 1019, frames 213-16. $9000.

159. Walker, William: THE WAR IN NICARAGUA. Mobile. 1860. xii,[13]- 431,[2]pp. plus frontispiece and folding color map. 12mo. Original red cloth, stamped in blind, spine gilt. Boards soiled, spine and corners rubbed. Light foxing and toning. Good.

A statement of the case for the Filibusterers, written by their leader and published in the year of his execution. Supported by isthmian transit interests and pro-slavery elements, Walker subjugated Nicaragua and appointed himself dictator, where he served from 1856-57, before being overthrown by a coalition of Central American armies. He returned to the United States briefly before venturing back to Central America, where he was captured by the Honduran government and sentenced to death by firing squad. The folding color map of Central America, showing Nica- ragua in detail, is particularly fine. LARNED 4026. PALAU 373738. OWEN, p.1225. $600.

160. Ward, H.G.: MEXICO IN 1827. London. 1828. Two volumes. xix,[1], 591pp. plus five plates (two folding) and folding map; viii,[1],730pp. plus eight plates (five folding, one in color) and folding map. Contemporary calf, spines gilt, leather labels. Rubbed at extremities. Hinges cracked and repaired. Minor scattered foxing. Very good. Lacks the half titles.

One of the most important accounts of the early Mexican republic, called by Streeter a “classic book on Mexico.” “During his appointment as British chargé d’affaires in Mexico from 1825 to 1827, Ward collected the data for this firsthand account of the political and social climate of Mexico at that time” – Hill. The plates illustrate the country, the natives, and their customs. Includes a “General Index of Spanish Words.” The maps depict the principle routes to the mining districts and the country as a whole. Streeter notes that while the section on Texas is brief, it is one of the few reliable descriptions and accounts from the 1820s. HILL 1826. ABBEY 668. STREETER TEXAS 1104A. SABIN 101303. $1500.

Cruising the Caribees, and Quasi-Published

161. [West Indies Photographica]: THE WEST INDIES AND PANAMA MARCH AND APRIL, 1913. [Various Caribbean locations. March & April 1913]. Title-leaf and sixty-six silver gelatin photographs, all approximately 3¼ x 5½, with printed captions mounted near photos and occasional sectional titles with explanatory text. Brown leather, string-bound. Minor edge wear. Internally clean, with photos in excellent condition. Very good.

A delightful and well produced souvenir photograph album of a 1913 vacation cruise through the Carib- bean, compiled by Mr. and Mrs. John Joseph Donovan, with a presenta- tion inscription to their daughter, Geraldine Goodheart Donovan, on the title-leaf. In an interesting form of quasi-publication, the introduction and explanatory text are printed and mounted opposite original photographs. In a printed note titled “Our Trip” mounted to the verso of the titlepage, the Donovans explain that “these notes and pictures of our trip to Panama, the West Indies and Caracas are prepared as a souvenir for a few personal friends and relatives.” The photographs are arranged according to each location they visited, with each section beginning with a short printed commentary by them. The Donovans sailed upon the Victoria Luise, a “floating hotel” from which they observed the South Atlantic and Caribbean. Captions mounted with the photos chart the journey from the moment they leave New York on March 11, 1913 to just before they head home on the train. In between, the album is filled with wonderful images of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Jamaica, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad, Barbados, Martinique, and St. Thomas. Highlights of the photographs include Morro Castle and several street scenes in Havana; Caguas Church in San Juan; Nelson Monu- ment in Kingston; a handful of shots showing completion work on the Panama Canal, namely Gatun Lake and the Culebra Cut; a view of Caracas from Columbus Monument; a shot of ten children in Trinidad labeled “Pickaninnies”; a sugar cane field in Barbados; a market scene in Fort-de-France, Martinique; and Bluebeard’s Tower in St. Thomas. In addition to the photographs of the various locales, there are several photographs showing on-deck activities including tug-of-war, a pillow fight, “Girls’ Nail-Driving,” and more. An attractive photographic record of a wonderful trip from New York, through the Caribbean, and back again, produced at no small expense to the travelers, evidenced by the arrangement of the photographs and the printed personalized commentary that opens each section. $2250.

Crucial Works for British Involvement in Central America

162. [White, Robert]: THE CASE OF HIS MAJESTY’S SUBJECTS, SETTLED ON THE COAST OF YUCATAN, IN THE BAY OF HONDURAS, UNDER THE SPECIAL AND SOLE PROTEC- TION OF THE CROWN OF SPAIN.... [bound with:] THE CASE OF HIS MAJESTY’S SUBJECTS HAVING PROPERTY IN AND LATELY ESTABLISHED UPON THE MOSQUITO SHORE IN AMERICA...SUPPLEMENT TO THE PRECEDING FIRST SEC- TION OF THE CLAIMANTS’ CASE, RESPECTING THEIR SETTLEMENTS AND POSSESSIONS ON THE MOSQUITO SHORE. [bound with:] THE CASE OF THE AGENT TO THE SET- TLERS ON THE COAST OF YUCATAN; AND THE LATE SET- TLERS ON THE MOSQUITO-SHORE. STATING THE WHOLE OF HIS CONDUCT, IN SOLICITING COMPENSATION FOR THE LOSSES, SUSTAINED BY EACH OF THOSE CLASSES OF HIS MAJESTY’S INJURED AND DISTRESSED SUBJECTS. Lon- don: Printed for T. Cadell in the Strand, 1789/1789/1793. Three works bound in one volume. [2],51,[1]; [2],72,17,[1]; [4],179pp. Quarto. Contemporary marbled boards, modern calf backstrip and corners, gilt leather label. A few leaves with light foxing, else quite clean internally. Very good. In this copy the third title in our description is bound first.

This is the complete complement of works arising out of the long-standing dispute between England and Spain over the English colonization of the Mosquito Coast in Central America. Latin America had historically been controlled by Spain, for the most part, although the English established a presence in Central America in the 17th century, represented mostly by buccaneers or logwood cutters. By the mid-18th century the region had several hundred British settlers, and their right to live in the area was seemingly affirmed by Spain in the 1763 Treaty of Paris, which ended the Seven Years’ War. However, in 1779, Spain entered the American Revolutionary War as an ally of France, which had just made a treaty of alliance with the United States. This precipitated a Spanish attack on British settlements on the Mosquito Coast, in which a large amount of British property was destroyed. The Convention of London of 1786 between England and Spain called for the evacu- ation of British subjects from the Mosquito Coast. The arguments of the English claimants to losses that resulted from the 1779 attack and the 1786 treaty are laid out in great detail in this group of texts. Included are a historical sketch of the region and of the English presence there, a detailed chronological description of the conflict with Spain, and an account of English monetary damages and losses. Robert White was the lead counselor on behalf of the claimants. A search of OCLC reveals only three institutions that have all three of the titles listed above: the British Library, National Library of Scotland, and Huntington Library. Rare, and quite interesting with regard to this manifestation of the Anglo- Spanish rivalry in America. SABIN 103448, 103447, 51077. PALAU 375018, 375017. $9500.