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Home , Laity, Redemptoris custos

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TABLE OF CONTENT

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...... 13

GENERAL INTRODUCTION ...... 15

AIM OF TOPIC AND METHOD OF INVESTIGATION ...... 15

OBJECT OF THIS STUDY, STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF WORK ...... 18

CHAPTER ONE - THE INFLUENCES ON THE THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF KAROL WOJTYLA BEFORE THE ...... 25

1.1 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES ON KAROL WOJTYLA ...... 25

1.2 DECISIVE INFLUENCES ON KAROL WOJTYLA’S THEOLOGICAL THINKING ...... 26 1.2.1 Influence of Kazimierz Figlewicz ( ur.6 stycznia 1903, zm. 23 wrzenia 1983). . 27 1.2.2 Influence of St John of the Cross ...... 27 1.2.3 Influence of Adam Stephan Sapieha (14 May 1867-23 July 1951) ...... 28 1.2.4 Influence of Father Edward Zacher (ordained 1929)...... 29 1.2.5 Influence of Jan Tyranowski (1900-1947) ...... 29 1.2.6 Influence of Louis Marie Grignion de Montfort (1673-1716)...... 31 1.2.7 Influence of his Personal/National Suffering ...... 31 1.2.8 Influence of Thomistic Thought ...... 34 1.2.9 Wojtyla’s Ecclesiological Formation...... 37 1.2.10 Wojtyla’s Mariological Formation ...... 44 1.2.11 Influence of Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange (1877-1964)...... 45 1.2.12 Karol Wojtyla’s First Book: “Faith according to St John of the Cross” on the relationship between mystical and dogmatic faith, 1948...... 46 1.2.13 Karol Wojtyla’s second Book- ‘’, on the morality of human love and life within marriage, 1960...... 52 1.2.14 Karol Wojtyla‘s Involvement in Vatican II ...... 59

CHAPTER TWO - THE INFLUENCE ON THE THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF KAROL WOJTYLA FROM VATICAN II TO HIS ELECTION AS ...... 69

2.1 INFLUENCE OF ON KAROL WOJTYLA’S THEOLOGICAL THOUGHT...... 69 2.1.1 Chapter I- The Mystery of the ...... 69 2.1.2 Chapter II- The ...... 70 10

2.1.3 Chapter III. On the Hierarchical structure of the Church and in particular on the Episcopate...... 71 2.1.4 Chapter IV. The ...... 72 2.1.5 Chapter V- The universal call to Holiness ...... 72 2.1.6 Chapter VI- Religious ...... 73 2.1.7 Chapter VII- The eschatological nature of the Pilgrim Church and the Church in heaven...... 73 2.1.8 Chapter VIII- The Blessed Virgin in the Mystery of Christ and the Church...... 73 2.1.9 Mary and the Church in the Teaching of Vatican II ...... 74

2.2. KAROL WOJTYLA’S OTHER BOOKS ...... 76 2.2.1 The Acting Person, on the irreducible value and essence of every human being, 1969...... 76 2.2.2 ‘Sources of Renewal’ ...... 91 2.2.3 “Sign of Contradiction”, 1976 ...... 107

CHAPTER THREE - THE MARIOLOGICAL / ECCLESIOLOGICAL THINKING OF JP II ...... 121

3.1 John Paul II’s Mariological Thought...... 121 3.1.1 In: ‘’ (RH), March 4, 1979 ...... 121 3.1.2 In ‘’(CT), Oct. 16, 1979, on Catechesis in our Time ...... 122 3.1.3 In: ‘’ (DM), Nov. 30, 1980 ...... 123 3.1.4 For the 1600th Anniversary of the First Council of Constantinople, March 1981 ...... 124 3.1.5 In ‘’ (RM), March 25, 1987 ...... 125 3.1.6 In “Behold Your Mother” (BYM): Mary in the life of the ; March 25, 1988 ...... 135 3.1.7 In ‘’, 15 August, 1988 ...... 136 3.1.8 In ‘Redemptoris Custos’, August 15, 1989 ...... 141 3.1.9 In ‘Veritatis Splendour’(VS), 1993 ...... 141 3.1.10 In ‘’ (EE), 17 April, 2003 ...... 142

3.2 JOHN PAUL II’S ECCLESIOLOGICAL THOUGHTS ...... 144 3.2.1 Church as ...... 144 3.2.2 The Church and the ...... 145 11

3.2.3 The Church and Evangelisation ...... 147 3.2.4 Marian/Incarnational Understanding of the Church ...... 148 3.2.5 Church as Communion ...... 150 3.2.6 Church, and Inter-religious Dialogue ...... 153 3.2.7 Church as Institution ...... 155 3.2.8 The Priesthood and ...... 156 3.2.9 The Laity, Family and the Status of Women ...... 157 3.2.10 The Church and the Social Apostolate ...... 160 3.2.11 The Church and the Kingdom of God ...... 161 3.2.12 The Necessity of the Church ...... 161

3.3 THE LINK IN THE MARIOLOGICAL/ECCLESIOLOGICAL THOUGHT OF JPII ...... 162 3.3.1 Mary as Bud of the Church ...... 163 3.3.2 Mary and the Church on Pilgrimage ...... 167 3.3.3 The Magnificat of Mary and the Magnificat of the Church ...... 170 3.3.4 Memory Sustains the Church’s and Mary’s Vocation ...... 177 3.3.5 Mary and the Church as Mediators ...... 182

CHAPTER FOUR – THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH AND MARY AS PERSONAL SUBJECTS OF FAITH ...... 189

4.1 CHURCH AND MARY IN RELATION TO MYSTERY ...... 189 4.1.1 General Understanding of Sacrament ...... 190 4.1.2 OT Understanding of Mystery ...... 193 4.1.3 NT Understanding of Mystery ...... 195 4.1.4. Mystery/ in the Church’s Tradition ...... 197 4.1.5 Church in Relation to Mystery/Sacrament in Vatican II ...... 201 4.1.6 Mary in Relation to Mystery/Sacrament ...... 211

4.2 THE MYSTERY OF THE PERSON IN MARY AND IN THE CHURCH ...... 214 4.2.1 The - Foundation of the Church and Mary as Personal Subjects of Faith ...... 214 4.2.2 Wojtyla’s Understanding of Person ...... 218 4.2.3 The Church as a Personal Subject ...... 222 4.2.4 The Personal Aspect in the Marks of the Church ...... 224 4.2.5 Mary as the Ideal Person in and Member of the Church ...... 228 12

4.3 THE MYSTERY OF THE FAITH OF MARY IN THE CHURCH ...... 234 4.3.1 The Pimary Sources of John Paul II’s Thinking on Mary’s Faith ...... 235

CHAPTER FIVE-THE IMPLICATIONS OF THE MARIAN OF JOHN PAUL II ...... 245

5.1 THEOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS ...... 245 5.1.1 Christological Significance ...... 246 5.1.2 Pneumatological Significance ...... 251 5.1.3 Sotereological/Anthropological Significance ...... 253 5.1.4 Significance for the Laity in the Church ...... 258 5.1.5 Significance for the Feminine in the Church ...... 263 5.1.6 Significance for Ecumenism ...... 265 5.1.7 Significance for Dialogue with Judaism ...... 274

5.2 ROMAN CATHOLIC REACTION TO THE MARIOLOGICAL/ECCLESIOLOGICAL

THOUGHT OF JPII ...... 281 5.2.1 Reaction from J. Ratzinger ...... 281 5.2.2 Reaction from Hans Urs von Balthasar ...... 285

5.3 NON-CATHOLIC RESPONSE TO THE MARIOLOGICO / ECCLESIOLOGICAL

THINKING OF JPII ...... 289

5.4 LIMITATIONS OF THE MARIAN ECCLESIOLOGY OF JPII ...... 296

GENERAL CONCLUSION ...... 299

BIBLIOGRAPHY ...... 305

BIBLICAL TEXT ...... 305

COLLECTIONS OF MAGISTERIAL DOCUMENTS ...... 305

PAPAL DOCUMENTS ...... 306

DICTIONARIES ...... 307

WORKS OF KAROL WOJTYLA/JPII ...... 307

WORKS ON KAROL WOJTYLA/JOHN PAUL II ...... 307 Biographical works on Karol Wojtyla/JPII ...... 307 Works on the Ecclesiology/ of Karol Wojtyla ...... 308