6 X 10.5 Long Title.P65

Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-60831-2 — Governing and Governance in France Alistair Cole Index More Information

Index

academic inspectorates 58 Anglo-Saxon neo-liberalism 125, 177 acquis communautaire 93 Anglo-Saxon pension funds 118 action sociology school 168 annual budgets 51 action system 54, 148 annual list of operations 156 adaptation (to Europe) 87, 97 ANR 33 adjoints 71 ANRU 33, 65, 66 adjusting (to Europe) 97 anti-globalisation movements, 160 administrative corps 142 anti-nuclear movements 160 administrative law 4, 37, 99, 106 anti-racism 160 administrative tribunals 98, 211 appellation d’origine 142 advisory committees 69 apprenticeships 154, 157 advocacy coalition framework appropriate behaviour 2, 31, 178, 174, 204 180, 193 AERES 34, 37 Arcelor 188 aerospace 171 Archer, Mary 129, 131 AFFSA 33 architects 69 AFIFT 33 ARF 67 AFPA 154 ARH 34, 37, 38 agencies 3, 20, 32, 33, 36, 50, 51, 106, Arme´es 2000 179 136, 167, 197, 198, 201, 207 army 48, 49, 163 agency 2 ART 33, 106 AGF 117 article 1 (1958 Constitution) 59 Agir Choˆ mage 161 article 72 (1958 Constitution) 59 Agricultural ministry 181, 182, 183 associations 6, 13, 37, 130, 140, 152, agriculture 96, 103, 164, 171, 172 153, 158, 159, 160, 162, 163, AII 33 199, 202, 204, 212 Air FranceÀKLM 117 associations law (1901) 139 air transport 106 ATTAC 109, 110, 111, 160, 177 Airbus 192 Aubry, Martine 126 Alcan 119 Audit Commission 50 Alle`gre, Claude 40, 41 audits 32, 34 Alsace 59, 74, 77, 91, 198 Austria 140, 206 Alstom 118, 188 automatic government 35 altermondialisme, 160, 161 autonomists 77, 78 ame´nagement du territoire 62, 118 Americanisation 177 Balladur, Edouard 43, 125 Amiens 72 Bank of France 115 Amsterdam summit (1997) 94 banking 164 Amsterdam treaty (1997) 92, 102, 107 banking sector 164 ANCS 33 Barcelona summit (2002) 106

239

240 Index

Basque country, 77 CADA 32 Basque language 77 Caisse des de´poˆ ts et de consignations Baumgartner, Frank 140 63, 66 Belgium, 76, 208 caisses 37, 122 beliefs 128, 178 CAP 90, 91, 93, 94 benchmarking 15, 30 capitalism without capital 115 Berlusconi, Silvio 187 CAR 63 best practice 15, 107, 189 Carrefour 117 Beveridge model 123, 203 Catholic Church 2 Be´ze`s, Philip 6 Catholic schools 162 Bismarckian model 123, 203 CCF 117 Blair, Tony 94, 184, 185, 187, 188, central government 55, 64, 151 189, 191 central steering, 41, 52 blame avoidance 88 centralisation 27, 28, 64, 128, 129 blocks of competencies 56 Centre for the Sociology of BNP 119 Organisations 145 Bolkestein services directive 107, centre-periphery relations 53, 54 109, 166 centres de responsabilite´ 30 Bologna process 135 CFDT 141 Bonduelle, Bruno 72 CFTC 141 BOP 45 CGC 141 Bordeaux 69 CGPME 146 Borloo, Jean-Louis 66 CGT 141, 162 bouclier ﬁscal 187 Chambers of Commerce 71, 152, Bouygues 117 155, 199 Bove´, Jose´ 160, 161, 177 Channel tunnel rail link 72, 152 Breton cultural movements 83 Charter for Public Services 30 Breton Democratic Union 83 Charter of Fundamental Rights 107 Breton identities 78, 83 chartes culturels 38 Breton language 77, 81 chef d’e´tat major (chief of staff) 49 Britain 90, 92, 105, 131 Cheve`nement, Jean-Pierre 193 British policy networks tradition 153 Cheve`nement law (1999) 58 Brittany 38, 39, 59, 70, 77, 78, 79, 80, China 120 84, 101, 146, 153 Chirac, Jacques 92, 97, 120, 193 Brussels 29, 73, 74, 91, 94, 104, 164, church 143, 158 166, 197, 198 CIACT 65 Brussels summit (2007) 188 CIC 117 budget division 43, 44 cities 91, 149, 152, 167, 199 budgetary autonomy 50 citizens’ juries 19, 186, 197 budgetary policy instruments 44 citizenship 55, 159, 160, 162, budgetary reform, 26, 43, 166, 184 46, 197 city communities 58 bureaucracy 3, 10, 30, 178 city contract 132, 133, 207 bureaucratic inertia 130 CIVC 142 bureaucratic networks 148 civic forums 19 business community 130, 151, 152, civil servants 3, 26, 30, 124, 148, 167, 185, 199 178, 200 civil service 29, 121 cabinets 6, 42 civil service code 180 CAC 40 118 classical liberalism 116

Index 241

CMU 124, 200 Corsican assembly 77 CNE 34, 126 Council of Europe 13 CNIL 32 Council of Ministers 6, 18, 66 CNPF 121 Council of State 5, 7, 8, 32, 37, 60, 67, COB 32 77, 91, 92, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, cognitive and normative matrix 175 107, 110, 118, 138 cognitive and normative school 168, Court of Accounts 6, 32, 33, 37, 50 169, 173 CPE 127 collective bargaining 21, 141, 207 CPNT 104, 110 colle`ges 58, 129, 131, 155 cross-regulation 53, 54, 62 Cologne summit (1999) 95 Crozier, Michel 28, 64 co-management 164, 169 CSA 32 comitology 91 CSG 123 Commission (European) 74 CSO 53, 147 see also European Commission cultural services 10 common foreign and security policy culture 178 61, 93 Culture ministry 42, 45, 46 communes 9, 39, 53, 55, 56, 59, 61, cumul des mandats 54, 108, 110 68, 69 customs division 49 Communist Party 54 see also PCF Danone 118 communities of communes 58 DATAR 63, 65 compensation state 21 Dati, Rachida 192 compulsory membership (of groups) DDE 39, 40, 63, 66 140 de Gaulle, Charles 92, 93, 189 concession 37 Debre´ law (1959) 161 conseils de quartiers 75, 197 decentralisation 18, 23, 27, 31, 52, 55, constitution (1958) 50, 98 62, 64, 70, 71, 74, 84, 85, 132, article 1 58 135, 153, 167, 186, 196, 205 article 72 59 decentralisation reforms (1982À3) 55, Constitutional council 5, 7, 8, 9, 44, 74, 83 77, 92, 98, 102 decentralisation reforms (2003À4) constructivist school 168, 177, 206 constitutional reform, 17 March consultants 69 2003 58, 59 contingent governance 213 law of 2 March 2003 (local contract of objectives 38 referendums) 58 contracts 51, 65 law of 29 July 2004 (local contractualisation 26, 30, 36, 38, 39, government finances) 58, 67 40, 41, 42, 50, 51, 181, 198, 211 law of 13 August 2004 (transfer of contrats d’agglomeration 38 competencies) 58, 59, 207 contrats de pays 38 defence 13 coordination 1, 12, 90 Defence ministry 46, 48, 49, 177 Cope´, Jean-Franc¸ois 32 Delanoe¨, Bertrand 70 corporatism (neo-) 124, 128, 140, 144 delegated administrative powers 129 corporatist model 139, 140, 144 democracy 19, 75, 160, 173, 186, 212 corporatist welfare states 123, 128 democratic deficit 102, 166 corps 27, 53, 148, 178, 180 democratic deliberation 19, 20 corps des mines 148 democratic fora 186 corps intermediaries 28 democratic institutions 194 Corsica 8, 59, 77, 84 Denmark 92

242 Index

de´partements 39, 42, 53, 55, 56, 57, employers 140, 144, 145, 146, 153 58, 59, 60, 61, 68, 155 employers’ associations 38, 58, 71, departmentalists 55, 60 145, 203 deregulation 21 employment policy 94, 125, 126, 153 De´sirs d’avenir 185 EMU 93, 95, 104, 105, 107, 116, DGCP 49, 179 122, 209 DGI 49, 179 ENA 28 DIACT 63, 65, 74 energy policy 142 directives 1, 100, 101, 164 enlargement 90 dirigisme/dirigiste 28, 115, 116, 118, environment 56 119, 122, 163, 204, 210 EPCI 56, 58, 61, 69, 75 discursive coalitions 114 EPIC 66 divisions 180 EPR 63 D-Mark 104, 105 EPSC 133 doctors 143 Epstein, Renaud 65 Doha round of WTO talks 120, 166 ERASMUS 135 Durkheim, E. 28, 172 Esping-Andersen, Gosta 123 Duverger, Maurice 4 e´tat civil 30 ethnic identity 2, 76 EADS 188 EU competition policy 9, 33, 99, ECB 20, 95, 105, 112, 198, 209 105, 106 ECOFIN 96 EU Constitutional treaty (draft) economic and monetary union see see Lisbon treaty (2008) EMU EU law 100, 102 economic development 18, 56, 60, 149, Euralille 72, 73, 152 151, 202 euro 36, 95, 116 economic government 95, 114, 136, eurobarometer 89 204, 209 European Central Bank see ECB economic liberalisation 122 European Charter of Fundamental economic patriotism 118, 119, 202 Rights 165 economic policy 174, 202, 204, 205 European Charter of Minority economists 69, 174 Languages 99 economy 13, 136, 180, 204, 209 european civil service 17 EDF 125 European Commission 17, 20, 94, EDF-GDF 106 96, 101, 108, 116, 118, education 9, 18, 32, 57, 60, 85, 114, 165, 198 122, 128, 136, 143, 153, 154, European Council 91, 92, 93 167, 200, 201, 202, 204, 205, 213 European Court of Human Rights 9, education ministers 40 13, 98 Education ministry 32, 34, 39, 40, 41, European Court of Justice 9, 20, 97, 42, 45, 46, 48, 51, 58, 129, 130, 98, 101, 112, 198 132, 143, 144, 145, 155, 179, European integration 51, 87, 88, 89, 181, 182, 183 92, 104, 136, 167, 170, 176, 177, education officials 129 184, 185, 196 Education Priority Zones see zones European parliament 92, 93, 103, d’e´ducation prioritaires 104, 108 electronic democracy 19 European political parties 103 Elf-Aquitaine 117 European social forum 110 elites 5, 26, 28, 121 European social model 94 E´ lyse´e palace 7, 100, 190 European sociology 172

Index 243

European structural funds 17, 59, 91 French polity 210 European Union 17, 18, 22, 87, 89, French public law tradition 22 90, 105 French regulation school 16 Europeanisation 23, 27, 51, 87, 88, 91, French Revolution 53, 138 104, 110, 111, 120, 134, 165, French social model 109, 111, 122, 166, 205 125, 128, 203, 204 Eurosceptical movements 110, 111 French socialists 89, 184 eurozone 105 see also PS evaluation 30, 37 French state tradition 58, 128 expertise 39, 69, 76, 166, 203, French-style corporatism 154 204, 213 Friedberg, Erhard 54, 145, 147, 148 Front national 109, 110 Fabius, Laurent 186 functionalism 202 family allowances 122 funeral parlours 9 family policy 122 FCPE 131 GAN 117 federalism 56, 89, 208 Garton Ash, Timothy 188 FEEP 131 GATT 120 field services 10, 30, 31, 38, 39, 41, 42, Gaullism 177, 189 43, 66, 68, 153, 181, 182, 183 GDF 117, 125, 188 Fifth Republic 4, 36, 44, 102 gendarmerie 49 Fillon, François 191 gender 161 Finance committee (National general interest 138 Assembly) 44 general practitioners 143 Finance ministers 96, 105 General Secretariat of the Government Finance ministry 32, 43, 46, 47, 48, (SGG) 7, 101 117, 156, 204 General Secretary of the Elyseé 7, 190 financial inspectorate 6 German La¨nder 208 firefighting 9 German unification 89 firms 37, 103, 115, 117, 119, 121, 145, Germany 12, 17, 90, 93, 94, 95, 96, 155, 167, 199 105, 108, 112, 113, 140, 174, first employment contract see CPE 175, 198, 199, 206, 207, 208, 209 Flanders 77 Giscard d’Estaing, Vale´ry 92 FNSEA 141 global capitalism 116 Force Ouvrie`re 122, 141, 179 global economy, 27, 54, 136, 204, 212 Forrester, V. 177 global governance 176 Foucault, Michel 35, 169 globalisation 21, 23, 27, 51, 112, France Te´lećom 118, 180 116, 117, 119, 120, 126, 136, Franco-German relationship 89, 93, 94 176, 177, 205, 209, 211 French administration 32 good governance 11 French business 116 Gordon, Philip 119 French capitalism 116, 117 governance misfit 207, 208 French Catalonia 77 government departments 31, 47 French culture 177 Gramsci, Antonio 172, 175 French economy 28, 43, 115 grands corps 31, 142, 146, 167, French left 177, 184, 185 202, 204 French legal system 3 grands projets 121, 171 French model 139, 177, 193, 206, 210 Greater Lille committee 72 French National Assembly 44 Greece 96, 201 French political culture 29 Griggs, Steven 173

244 Index

Grossman, Emiliano 164 instruments 30, 35, 37 groups 138, 167 intellectual property 120 Growth and Stability Pact 95, inter-communal bodies 56, 68, 70 96, 201 interest groups 53, 210 Gue´ant, Claude 7, 190 interests 24, 35, 128, 129, 138, 139, Guiano, Henri 190 175, 195, 202, 206, 211, 213 Interior ministry 31, 46, 49 Habermas, Ju¨ rgen 19 International Monetary Fund 13 Hall, Peter, 35 international political economy 110, headscarf affair 159 112, 136, 200, 210 health 56, 60, 122, 124, 143, 144 international relations 13 health insurance 122 interviews 41, 42, 46 Hegel, G. W. F. 28 Ireland 92 hierarchies 16, 137 Islam 159 higher education 40, 64, 130, 157 issue networks 147 Highways and Bridges corps 31, Italy 76, 96, 107, 112, 120, 174, 175, 144, 173 198, 201, 208, 209 see also Ponts et Chausse´es historical institutionalism 203 Jacobins 28 hollow state 24, 136, 137, 196, 200, Jessop, Robert 14, 200 206, 208, 212 Jeunesse agricole chre´tienne 173 honeycomb state 54 Jobert, Bruno 62, 143, 169, housing 10 173, 209 human rights 160 Jospin, Lionel 30, 40, 43, 75, 94, 96, hyperchoix 193, 212 117, 120, 162, 179, 184, 185, 193 hypotheses 50, 52, 212 Juppe´, Alain 30, 43, 124, 125, 178 Justice ministry 45, 48 ideas 24, 211 identity 52, 172 Keynesian welfare state 14, 176, IGAEN 32, 130 198, 200 IGAS 32 Keynesianism 174, 212 IGEN 32, 130 Kouchner, Bernard 191 IGPN 32 immigrants 161, 163 labour flexibility 94, 126 INAO 142 Labour ministry 154 independent administrative labour movement 160 authorities 32 laı¨cite´ 184 industrial groups 145, 146 language rights 78 industrial patriotism 118 large cities 54 industrial policy 27, 105 Lascoumes, Pierre 35 industrial relations 21, 144 lawyers 69 industry ministry 148 Le Gale`s, Patrick 1, 35 inertia (Europeanisation) 87, 110 Leca, Jean 1 Infrastructure ministry 31, 39, 40, 42, levels 16, 50, 55 62, 69, 181, 182, 183 Levy, Jonah 29, 118, 122 inspectorates 32 lifelong learning 154, 157 inspectors 131 Lille 62, 69, 72, 73, 151, 152, 199 institutions 128, 165, 167, 178, 194, Lille Academy 41 195, 211, 213 Lisbon summit (2000) 95 instrumentalised governance 23 Lisbon treaty (2008) 102

Index 245

local authorities 6, 29, 36, 51, 53, 55, Mitterrand, François 89, 92, 161 56, 60, 62, 68, 69, 71, 72, 85, 132, mixed economy societies 71, 73, 199 136, 153, 159, 162, 164, 167, model of territorial administration 27, 183, 198 53, 196 local authority spending 21 mondialisation maıˆtriseé 119, 120 local governance 23, 69, 182 monetary policy 35 local government 5, 9, 10, 23, 68, 182 monetary union 104 local plans 39 see also EMU local politicians 54, 70 monitoring 189, 197, 201 local referenda 19, 186, 197 Montesquieu, Charles de Secondat, local security contracts 132 baron de 28 local taxation 61 Moreno scale 79 localities 64, 68 Mouvement pour la France (MPF) 104 loi le Chapelier 138 Mouvement Re´publicain et Citoyen LOLF 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, (MRC) 104 183, 201 Muller, Pierre 62, 143, 168, 169, 172, L’Oreál 117 173, 175, 212 Luxembourg summit (1997) 94 multi-actor coordination/ lyceés 58, 129, 130, 131, 155, 156 multi-actorness 16, 24, 50, 52, 68, Lyons 69 85, 139, 167, 168, 196, 198, 199, 210, 212 Maastricht referendum (1992) multi-level analysis 17 108, 111 multi-level dynamics 24, 52, 68, 73, 85, Maastricht treaty 89, 92, 95, 102 136, 139, 168, 196, 198, 205, maisons des services publics 30 210, 212 managed globalisation 120 multi-level governance 17, 165, 166, 198 March, James 178 multi-level government 17 markets 14, 16, 137, 184, 210 Municipal Reform Act (1884) 9 Marseilles 69 municipalities 55 Martinon, David 190 Muslim community 159 Marxism 184 Masstricht convergence criteria 43 Nantes 69 Matginon process (2001) 77 Napoleon I 3, 179 Mauroy report 75 Napoleonic 3, 208 May ’68 55, 130, 134, 212 Napoleonic model 53 mayors 54, 70, 75, 163, 199 National Assembly 8, 47, 102, 102 MEDEF 119, 141, 145, 146, 153, National Assembly finance 162, 164 committee 44 me´diateurs 169, 172, 173 national champions 106, 115, 117 medical profession 143 national educational traditions 128 Mediterranean welfare states 123 national interest 91, 93 Meny, Yves 138 neo-corporatist policy style 206 meso-level of public administration 63 neo-liberal 35, 36, 44 metropolitanisation 68 neo-liberalism 14, 15, 177, 209 Meunier, Sophie 119 Netherlands 12 minimal welfare states 123 networked governance 139, 166 ministries 45, 180 networks 1, 15, 16, 27, 35, 50, 114, minority nationalists 76 137, 144, 145, 146, 149, 152, missions (LOLF) 45, 49 154, 163, 167, 181, 183, 199, Mittal 119, 188 201, 202, 210

246 Index

new employment contract (CNE) path dependent 93, 152, 203, 213 127 pay as you go 124 new institutionalist tradition 2, PCF 109, 163 180, 182 Pechiney 117 new social movements 103, 159, 160, Pe´cresse, Vale´rie 134 161, 164, 212 performance indicators 20, 30, 33, 34, New Zealand 15 37, 40, 44, 47, 48, 50, 51, 197, NHS 124 201, 207 Nice treaty (2000) 120 permanent representation 91, 98 Nissan 117 Picq report (1994) 26, 44 Nord/Pas-de-Calais 64, 70, 144, 153 Pierson, Paul 209 Normandy 59, 77 planning 115 norms 16, 29 planning commissariat 170 notables 54, 148 pluralist model 139, 147, 159, 196 Novartis 188 Poitiers 69 NPM 34, 35, 47, 50, 67 Poitou-Charentes 60, 185, 186 nuclear energy 166, 171 police 49, 163 NUTS regions 205 policy communities/policy community 19, 62, 129, 144, 147, 154, 155, Occitan 77 171, 174, 203, 209, 213 Occitania 77 policy fora 174 Old-age pensions 122, 124 policy implementation 140 Olsen, Mancur 178 policy instruments 12, 20, 33, 35, 175, ombudsman 32 197, 201, 205 One and Indivisible Republic 53 policy networks 12, 91, 145, 146, OPCA 145, 146, 157 147, 148, 149, 173, open method of coordination 36, 95, 174, 182 108, 176 policy sectors 15, 18, 114, 136, 147, ordonnance of 1959 44, 46, 47 171, 174, 175, 200, 202, 203, Ordre des Me´decins 142 204, 212 Ordre des Pharmaciens 142 policy transfer 88 organisations 2, 50, 146, 153, 178 policy-orientated learning 181 political culture 171, 211 Page, Edward 208 political economy 14, 24, 50, 200 Palier, Bruno 128, 213 political institutions 2, 24, paradigm shift 14 46, 195 Pareto-efficient formulae 22 political leadership 4, 68, 70, 88 Paribas 117, 119 political parties 29, 53, 103, 104, 160, Paris red belt 163 168, 193, 194 Paris region 54 Ponts et Chausse´es 5, 62 Paris stock exchange 115, 117 Portugal 96 parliament 5 positive discrimination 189 participation 19, 160, 186, postal services 107 211, 212 PRDF 39, 154 participatory governance 19, 52, 139, prefectoral corps 194, 205, 207 prefects 5, 31, 53, 54, 66 partnerships 65, 71, 199, 211 president 5, 192 Party of European Socialists 104 presidential election (2007) 104, 177 party politics 6, 54, 90, 163 presidentialisation (under Sarkozy) party system 76, 103, 160 189À92

Index 247

presidents of regional councils 61 RATP 125 prime minister 5, 6, 7, 43, 65, 67, Reagan, Ronald 187 100, 191 realm of discourse 206 private government 144 rectorates 155, 182 private interests 199 rectors 42, 58, 156 private sphere 158 referendum on the draft constitutional privatisation 12, 13, 116 treaty (2005) 104, 108 procedural governance 23 re´fe´rentiel 26, 121, 138, 169, 170, professional branches 155 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, professional groups 139, 140, 144 204, 206 professional orders 142 reform of the state 26, 29, 31 professional roles 171, 188 regional authorities 29, 31, 56, 59, 61, professions 38, 123, 138, 139, 143, 69, 71, 85, 130, 132, 136, 153, 147, 153, 154, 167, 171, 176, 178 155, 164, 198 programme directors (LOLF) 45, regional councils 38, 55, 56, 58, 60, 48, 49 63, 64, 68, 70, 153, 155, programmes (LOLF) 45, 47 156, 157 projet d’e´tablissement 131 regional election (2004) 60 projet socialiste (2006) 131, 186 regional hospital agencies 38, 201 projets de services 30 regional prefectures 63, 64, 74, 151, property developers 69 153, 156 protectionism 116 regional presidents 65, 67 proximity 55, 64, 74 regional public sphere 153, 182 PS 104, 109, 111, 131, 159, 161, regionalisation 77 186, 191 regionalists 55, 60 public administration 6, 13, 47, 48, 206 regions 53, 64, 68, 70, 74, 77, 91, 154, public corporations 142 155, 158, 167 public enquiries regulation 11, 16, 27, 212 public expenditure 50 regulatory governance 22, 38, 50, public forums 69 85, 207 public health 10 regulatory regime 165 public law 3, 10, 16, 37 regulatory state 18, 19, 35, 36, 197, public schools 161 198, 205, 207, 212 public sector 121, 142 rejection (of European integration) 87 public sector monopolies 106 religion 2 public sector unions 180 Renault 117 public sector workers 179, 180 Rennes 69, 70, 73, 151, 152, 199 public service 36, 106, 125, 143 representative democracy 19, 178 public service mission 14, 178 Republic 184 public services 4, 9, 10, 105, 141 republican corporatism 143 public sphere 19, 158, 166 republican model/tradition 28, 60, 76, publicÀprivate partnerships 71 77, 158, 159 publicÀprivate sphere 72, 152, 199 republican political institutions 143, 206 QMV 97, 120 republicanism 10, 160 research and development 132 Raffarin, Jean-Pierre 30, 58, 60, 158, resistance (to European integration) 87 178, 211 Revolutionary Communist League rail service 56, 107 (LCR) 161 rational choice 20, 178 Richard report 61

248 Index

Richter, Laurent 36 social protection 27, 122, 125, 128 RMI/RMA 56, 60, 123, 200 social security 6, 9, 37, 51, 122 Rocard programme 30, 43 social state 143 Rome treaty (1957) 188 social welfare 60, 122, 140, 144 Royal, Se´gole`ne 126, 185, 186, 190, social-democratic parties 185 193, 194, 209 Socialist government (1981À6) 55 rules 16 Socialist Party 55, 104, 126, 160, 184, 186 Sanofi-Aventis 188 see also French Socialists, PS Sarkozy, Nicolas 4, 7, 90, 92, 95, 105, Socie´te´ ge´ne´rale 119 117, 134, 177, 185, 186, 187, sociological institutionalism 178, 183 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, sociometric network mapping 149 194, 209, 212 soft law 20, 99, 108 Sautter, Christian 49, 179 sovereignty 13, 88, 209 Savoy 59, 77 Spain 76, 84, 90, 91, 112, 198, 208 Scandinavia 140, 206 Spanish autonomous communities 208 Schnapper, Dominique 208 special regimes (pensions) 125 Schumpeterian workfare state 14, 200 special statute 59 Scotland 208 Stability Pact 95 secondary education 56, 64, 132, standard-setting 20 154, 157 state 26, 29, 51 sector see policy sectors state aids 116, 118 sectoral corporatism 169, 203 state capacity 14, 20, 25, 29, 136, 137, SEM see mixed economy societies 139, 167, 185, 196, 200, 208, 212 Senate 60, 75, 192 state capacity-building 50, 85, 193 services vote´s 44, 45, 50 state capitalism 116 SGAE 74, 91, 100, 101 state corporatism 62, 141, 144, 166, SGAR 74, 151 167, 196 Shanghai table 134 state field services Single European Act 89, 92, 93, 106, state interventionism 121 108, 164 state productivity 32, 46, 189 single market 93, 116 state reform 52 SIVOM 56 state-centric model 26, 27, 28, 29, 62, SIVU 56 103, 115, 163, 177, 200, 205 SNCF 99, 124, 125, 179 stateÀgroup relations 103, 208 SNECMA 117 stateÀregion plans 36, 38, 39, 64, 65, SNES 131 132, 153 Social Affairs ministry 66, 143 stateÀsociety relations 139, 158 social anesthesia state 29 steering 12, 67 social capital 163 Strasbourg 104 social expenditure 127 Strauss-Kahn, Dominique 186 social market economy 15, 210 strong state 1, 26, 28, 29 social movements 196 structural funds 36, 74, 91 social partners 6, 38, 122, 123, 124, structure 1 140, 141, 144, 145, 153, 157, structure plans 39 167, 201 students 134 social partnership 122, 128, 137, 139, sub-national governance 56, 61, 62, 140, 144, 145, 146, 153, 166, 70, 84, 208 167, 176 sub-national politics 23 social policy 123, 125, 127, 200, 201 subsidiarity 17, 89

Index 249

SUD 179 unitary state 52, 53, 59, 76, 84 Suez 117, 134, 188 United Kingdom see UK Suleiman, Ezra 28 United Nations 13 Sweden 208 universal welfare states 123 universities 133, 135 target-setting 189, 201 university 2000 plan 64, 132, 154 targets 207 university autonomy 133, 134, tax collection 48 189, 192 taxation 9, 187 UNPI 165 teachers 143 untidy reality 161, 162 teaching profession 131 UPA 146 teaching unions 179 urban communities 69 technical state 143, 151 urban governance 72 territorial capacity building 52 urban planners 69 territorial coordination 85 urban policy 142 territorial governance 76 urban regime theory 73, 85 territorial mobilisation 84 urban riots (November 2005) 70, 162 territorial politics 51 urban transport 9 territorial state 151 US 15, 22, 209 territory 2 US community power tradition 149 Thatcher, Margaret 21, 187, 188 US public policy 165 thin universalism 159 u-turn (1983) 118 think tanks 69 Third Republic 138 varieties of capitalism 15 thirty-five-hour week 96, 126, 185, Villeneuve d’Ascq 63 186, 211 Villepin, Dominique 61, 63, 65, 118, Thœnig, Jean-Claude 173 119, 127, 193 Tocqueville, Alexis de 28 vocational education 155 TOS 154 voluntary associations see associations Touraine, Alain 160 Voynet law (1999) 58 trade negotiations 120 trade unions 38, 58, 121, 123, 140, waste management 9 141, 144, 145, 146, 153, 155, water 9 179, 203, 211 Weber, Max 3, 27, 35 training 56, 58, 60, 122, 144, 145, 146, welfare (general) 13, 14, 18, 114, 122, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 167, 136, 166, 167, 200, 201, 202, 189, 201 204, 205, 209, 213 Training Act (1971) 144 welfare benefits 189 Training Act (1993) 31, 38, 156 welfare state 14, 21, 27, 86, training levy 144, 145 123, 127 training plans 144 White Paper on financial services 164 transport 56, 60, 64, 86 White Paper on governance 17 tre´sor 95 women’s rights 160 trust 152 World Bank 13 two-level bargaining 94, 166 world economy 116 World Trade Organization 13, 119, UK 12, 15, 76, 90, 108, 112, 174, 175, 120, 166, 207 188, 198, 199, 207, 208, 209 UMP 67, 104, 111, 159, 189, 191 Yade, Rama 192 unemployment insurance 122 UNICE 164 zones d’e´ducation prioritaires 133, 161