No. 129 Spring 2004/5 €3.00 Stg£2.50

• SNP Election Campaign

• ‘Property Fever’ on Breizh

• The Declarationof the Bro Gymraeg

• Istor ar C ’herneveg

• Irish Language News

• Strategy for Cornish

• Police Bug Scandal in Mann

• EU Constitution - Vote No!

ALBA: COM.ANN CEILTFACH * BREIZH: KFVTCF KELT1EK * CYMRU: UNDEB CELTA DD * EIRE: CON RAD H GEILTE AC H * KERNOW: KtBUNYANS KELTEK * MANNIN: COMlVbtYS CELTIAGH tre na Gàidhlig gus an robh e no I a’ dol don sgoil.. An sin bhiodh a’ huile teasgag tre na Gàidhlig air son gach pàiste ann an Alba- Mur eil sinn fhaighinn sin bidh am Alba Bile Gàidhlig gun fheum. Thuig Iain Trevisa gun robh e feumail sin a dhèanamh. Seo mar a sgrìohh e sa bhli­ adhna 1365, “...dh’atharraich Iain à Còm, maighstir gramair, ionnsachadh is tuigsinn gramair sna sgoiltean o’n Fhraingis gu TEACASG TRE NA GÀIDHLIG Beurla agus dh’ionnsaich Richard Pencrych an aon scòrsa theagaisg agus Abajr gun robh sinn toilichte cluinntinn Inbhirnis/Inverness B IVI 1DR... fon feadhainn eile à Pencrych; leis a sin, sa gun bidh faclan Gaidhlig ar na ceadan- 01463-225 469 e-mail [email protected] bhliadhna don Thjgheama Againn” 1385, siubhail no passports again nuair a thig ... tha cobhair is fiosrachadh ri fhaighinn a an naodhamh bliadhna do’n Righ Richard ceann na bliadhna seo no a dh’ aithgheor thaobh cluich sa Gàidhlig ro aois dol do an dèidh a’Cheannsachaidh anns a h-uile 2000. Direach mar a tha sinn a’ dol thairis sgoil, Bithidh an t-ughdar is ionadail no sgoil gràmair feadh Sasunn, tha na leana- air Caulas na Frainge le bata no le trean CNSA Loilichte fiosrachadh a thoirt mo ban a trèigainn na Fraingis agus a’cleach- taing don tuneil eadar Sasunn is an Fhraing dheidhinn sgoiltean far a bheil teagasg tre dadh gràmair agus ag iannsachadh na chi sinn a h-uile cail sa chanain no Gàidhlig, mar’ eisimpleir bun-sgoil Beurla Shaasunnach.” duthchasach Fraingeis agus tha iad a’ Toll-cross ann an DunÉidean no bunsgoil Chan eil rìoghachd san Roinn Eorpa far a bruidhin na Fraingeis agus sa Pholainn sa is ard sgoil Gàidhlig ann an Glaschu agus bheil teagasg tre Beurla ach tre a’ chànan pholais no Portagaileis ann an Portagail bun sgoil Gàidhlig ann an Inbhimis. duthchasac .... mar Daineis anns an agus mar sin air adhart. Chan eil rioghachd Danmarc, no Fineis ann am Fionlainn no feadh Roinn Corpa far a bheil daoine a Pòileis ann am Pòlainn agus mas sin air Leagasy tre na Beurla idir. adhart. Ach is docha gum bi ar canain againn Tha fios againn gum bheil Gàidhlig air fhin, a’ Ghaidhlig cho laidir ri canain TV is radio, sna paipearan is leabhraichean Eorpach sam bith fhathast. Sa chiad dol a- is club nan Gàidheal is soidhnean agus mach tha Parlamaid Albannach again a-ris soidhnean-rathaid (mar air an Eilean an deidh faisg air tri ceud bliadhna aqus tha Sgitheanach), .... Ach chan eil iad deata- Bile Gaidhlig d’am b’ainm “Gaelic mach no feumail. Tha fios againn gum Language (Scotland) Bill” a dol troimhpe. bheil cluich sa Ghàidhlig ro sgoil agus tea­ Sa chiad dol n-mach, tha am Bile seo ag Bord na Gàidhlig - gasg tre na Gàidhlig anns gach sgoil, feu­ amass air buidheann a steidheachadh d’am Working for the language. mail air son aiseirigh na cànan Albannach b ’ainm ... Bord na Gaidhlig www.bord- againn fhin. na-gaidhlig.org.uk agus bithidh am Bord Fad iomadach ginealachan tha an cànan seo a’ cur na Gaidhlig air adhart, ga Sasunnach, a’ Bheurla, a’ bagairt ar canain comhairleachadh agus ga brosnachadh. Albannach again fhin a’ Ghàidhlig. Ach ro SUMMARY Mar eisimpleir, bidh am Bord a’ cur taic briseadh a-mach a’ Chogaidh Ceud The Gaelic Language (Scotland) Bill has ris a h-uile buidheann Ghaidhlig le taic a Bliadhna cadar Sasunn is an Fhraing sa bli­ been a long time dragging itself through dh’ionnsaigh deich mile not. ma bhios iar- adhna 1337, bha an, Fhraingis a’ bagairt na the Scottish Parliament. Now its contents rtasan a’ tighinn a-steach don Bhdrd ro 28 Beurla Shasunnach mar a tha Bearle are available one is left wondering how it den Ghearran 2005. Taobh a-staigh na bli­ a’maoidh a’ chànan Albannach againn fhin will set patterns for the future. It begins adhna feumaidh am Bord innleachd no an diugh. Mar eisimplair, sa bhliadhna with setting up Bord na Gaidhlig, the main plana a dhealbhadh agus ga chur gus no 1332 dh’òrdaich Achd Phàrlamaid gum duties are to advise and promote the lan­ Ministearan Albannach (se sin ri radh ar biodh an Fhraingis air a’ teagasg gu gach guage. The Bord then has to make a lan­ Riaqhaltas Albannach). leanabh feodh Sasunn. Tri bliadhna an guage plan which the Scottish Ministers Tha sia miosan aca airson freagairt deidh sin sa bhliadhna 1335 thàinig an t.- (that is the Scottish Executive) have six fhaighinn bhuapa. Ach, mur eil ughdarras òrdugh a-macg ann an Oxford nach robh months to consider. Local authorities, on ionadail toilichte le iarrtas a Bhord chan eil comhradh ceadaichte mur eil e sa Laideann the other hand, have 28 days to appeal ach 28 laithean aca airson ath-agairt no no san Fhraingis. An sin, cò thàinig “thairis against demands to which they cannot appeal. air an Tornar a-steach do Shasunn” ach agree. Though the bill, on the face o f it; Ach de tha sin a’ciallachadh? Cothrum Iain Trevisa, à Cracadun, St Mellion, a’ may only be setting out the rights and the na Feinne air son na Gaidhlig? ‘S docha Chòm a’ dh’ionnsachadf ann an oilthigh duties o f Bord na Gaidhlig and the Scottish gum bidh chan eil fois againn fhathast. Oxford. Sna làithean seo bhathar teagasg Ministers (i.e. the Scottish Executive) and Ach tha da rud feumail a bhi teagasg a h- a’ Bheurla Shasunnach air a teagasg tre na the local authorities as time goes on we uile cuspair tre na Gaidhlig feadh Alba uile Beurla, fada nos fhèarr na tre an Fhraingis. may find it the best legislative structure to gu leir ...agus cluich sa Gaidhlig ro aois Ghabh cairdean na Beurla ris a sin agus allow the revival o f our language so that it dol don sgoil. bha a’ chànan aca buadhmhor. Dhearbh e can be used throughout Scotland in the Nuair a thig sinn a-staigh don t-saoghal gun robh e feumail Lheagasg tre na Beurla same way that other languages throughout seo; chan eil facal sam bith again. Uima sin ma bhios tu air son a Beurla a shàbhaladh. Europe, as is Polish to Poland or as Dutch tha a faumail gum bheil gach leanabh a’ Uime sin, feumaidh sinn croileagan stèid- to the Netherlands. cluich sa Gaidhlig roimh dol don sgoil. heach feadh Alba gu leir fo smachd. Gilleasbuig MacMhuirich Taing do Chomhairle nan Sgoiltean Araich Comhairle nan Sgoilteen Araich far a Gilleasbuig Lachlainn ‘Illeasbuig. (CNSA) 53 sraid na h-eaglais, bhiodh gagh loanabh feadh Alba a’ cluich The Sky is Falling on our Heads - T h e M acR ae A Journey to the Bottom of the Celtic Fringe By Rob Penn In q u ir y Published by Sceptre / Hodder & Stoughton. 2004, £14.99. ISBN 0-340827521. Background Twenty years ago on the 6 April the It has to be said, this is one of the Glasgow lawyer Willie MacRae was found strangest books you will ever read about unconscious in his car by the side of Loch the Celtic scene. The title refers to the only Loyne in the Scottish Highlands. At first thing the ancient Celts were supposed to be seemingly the unfortunate victim of a car afraid of. It will by turn infuriate, educate, crash it later transpired that MacRae had In then have you in stitches. fact been killed by a gunshot wound to the Rob Penn achieves what many of us head. Just one of a series of strange events would love to do - that is, spend the that set the backdrop to MacRae’s last greater part of the year visiting and fully fateful journey. participating in Pan - Celtic music and fes­ Willie MacRae had been an active tivals. campaigner for Scottish independence His method of achieving this rather since the 1940s and a 'thorn in the flesh’ of expensive feat is by using journalistic the British State. At the time of his death, experience to make the whole undertaking where his cover could be blown at any and for some years beforehand, MacRae research for the book he would write. time. had been heavily involved in various Make no mistake though; our Rob is no His year of festivals starts at the Beltane, campaigns to prevent nuclear dumping in ordinary journalist. He was no more spec­ May Day, festivities in Edinburgh and Scotland, including defeating Thatcher’s tator, but took his task so seriously that he wind up back there at Samhain. plans for nuclear dumping at Mullwharchar. risked liver damage and collisions with He first explores the Scottish walls, kerbs and flying fists by over Ghaidhealtachd of the Outer Hebrides and indulging in the alcoholic beverages as after finding out that nothing in the island’s much as the most enthusiastic festival capital of Storeomabhagh on the Sabbath, goers. he surprisingly declines the invitation to a It is all the more remarkable when he party in the wee small hours of Sunday informs us that his year of festival going morning! meant long absences from his pregnant In mid-summer he makes the long trip partner! I must try that researching a book down to the Golowan Festival in Penzance, line sometime. Kemow and soon realises that many of the Rob’s journey is a search for his identity people there are proud to be Celts and not and leads him and us to question the whole English. The authorities have consistently refused to notion of being Celts and what exactly are The history of each country is well release any information about the case. our similarities and differences. His obser­ researched and Ned describes the effect Furthermore the results of the post-mortem vations at times makes uncomfortable as that sites such as Holy Walls and Standing investigation, and an alleged second he reveals aspects of our six nations char­ Stones have on him. internal police inquiry, have never been acteristics that many would prefer to keep From being sceptical about Pan- hidden. released. Had this 'accident’ happened in Celticism he becomes drawn in and even Examples of this would be drinking to England it would have been subject to a defends the notion forcefully to a non- excess, punch-ups and boorish, insulting Fatal Accident Inquiry. However the Celtic Irish lass at a fleadh in Listowel! behaviour to people with English accents. Scottish establishment has simply brushed This book has to be read to be believed. He is fair though and mentions the many aside all such requests. For many this only Les Mac an Ultaigh. positive aspects of Celtic society such as raises more questions as to what they the friendliness, helpfulness of people, the could possibly be trying to cover up. great music and poetry etc. Interested in Gaelic? Rob’s method of being accepted into the The MacRae Inquiry Celtic festival scene is by using his alter Make it part of your The MacRae Inquiry has been formed to ego - Ned Clague. future too... resurrect the campaign for an independent After a vision when climbing Cadair Public Inquiry into the circumstances Idris in mid Cymru he decided he would surrounding MacRae’s death. Twenty years become a poet under his assumed Manks is far too long to wait to get to truth. name. Rob’s search for his Celtic roots was Cli Gaidhlig Our plans for the immediate future include: due to him being half enlish, half Manks, Quote this publication f * A Public launch at Holyrood with a cross­ but being unaware of his Celtic side having party group of MSPs, lived mainly in England. free info pack from: Ned’s many adventures at several festi­ Cli, North Tower, * Motions been laid down in Parliament vals in all six Celtic countries see him The Castle, Inverness, concerning this matter gaining confidence to stand up before IV2 3EE Scotland * Launch of an e-petition to the Parliament. audiences to deliver his self penned Manks / English poems. To his own surprise, and + 44(0)1463 226710 More information can be obtained from our the reader, this proves fairly successful, wwwxli.org.uk Email: [email protected] website at http://ceartas.port5.com/ but there are some hilarious situations yezh, evel ma klever alies. Bev eo, hag implijet muioc’h-muian er vuhez foran. Kentelioù noz a vez graet e pevar kom ar vro. Aozet e vez dibennoù-sizhun e-lec’h ma’z eo Breizh posubl, da skouer, klevout rock e kemeveureg. Ar gouamamant breizh-veurat en deus sinet ar chartr europat oc’h anavezout ar yezh. Breman e ranker sonjal ouzh ur raktres evit amzer da zont ar yezh. Adsavidigezh ar C’herneveureg -100 vloaz Kudennoù a zo koulskoude: kudenn ar skritur (c’hwec’h doare-skrivan dishenvel a vez kavet); kudenn politikerezh (perak ne vez ket roet da Geme-Veur un tamm emrenerezh evel e Bro-Gembre hag e Bro- Skoz?) En amzer da zont, spi a zo da gaout un ofiser evit ar yezh, paeet gant ar gouamamant. Muioc’h-muian e weler keme-veureg e anvioù tiez, bigi, stalioù, straedoù, kelaouennoù, filmoù; met nebeut tre er skingomz hag er skinwel. Hevlene eo bet embannet an Testamant Nevez e kemeveureg, troet war-eeun eus ar gresianeg. Meur a levrioù all a zo deuet er-maez. E miz- du, e Aberfal (Falmouth), en diskouezadeg filmoù, e vo gwelet un nebeut er yezh ar vro. Henry and Katharine Lee Jenner in 1881 War-raok eo aet ar yezh er c’hant vloaz paseet. Spi a zo e vo krenvoc’h c’hoazh a- Kant vloaz a zo, e voe embannet al levr A Jenner hag e wreg, hag ivez an aergelc’h benn kant vloaz all. handbook o f the Cornish language. Skrivet sevenadurel e Keme-Veur har er broioù eo bet al levr gant Henry Jenner, un den keltiek ail d’an ampoent. Kavet e vez Summary brudet kenan e sevenadur Kerne-Veur. Da skeudennoù kozh a-walc’h, da skouer: ar This new book presents a number of essays lidan al levr hag an den, eo bet embannet C’hendalc’h Etrekeltiek e kêrbenn Bro-Skos by present day Cornish writers on Henty and nevez zo: Henry and Katharine Jenner: a e 1907, hag unan ail kemeret e Breizh, Katherine Jenner, who were important celebration o f Cornwall’s culture, language marteze e Lezneven e 1903. figures in the revival o f the Cornish language and identity, graet gant Derek R. Williams. Petra eo levezon ar yezh en deiz a hiziw? in the 20th century. See Kernow Section for Diskouez a ra al levr-man buhez Henry Da gentan eo ret lavarout n’eo ket marv ar further details.

UDB in elections in 2004

Regional elections were held took place according to the new law, to receive 10% of sustainable development, respecting the March on the 21st and 28th of March 2004. the votes to take part in the second ballot, and environment and mankind, and the respect of For the first time they were really regional with more than 5% it was possible to join biological diversity, as well as cultural elections, with a regional constituency, in with another list. So a new alliance was diversity and the opening of Brittany to the place of four departmental constituencies, established (the plan had been prepared in world. though the seats were shared at the end on advance) with the fist leaded by the Socialist The UDB was again in affiance with the the basis of the départements. Of course, the Party (with candidates also of the Green Party in the European election regional constituency did not correspond to Communist Party and of the Left Radicals, a campaign. These too were list elections. the historical Brittany, because the Liger- smaller centre-left party), which had taken France was divided into eight big Atlantel/Loire-Atlantique département, 34.48% of the votes at the first ballot. In the constituencies (one of them for the French around Naoned/Nantes, the former capital, second ballot, the new alliance list took overseas territories). Brittany was joined to was not included, being now in another 58.66% of the votes and 57 seats. two other regions in one very artificial region, a very artificial one. The UDB won three seats. It is the first constituency. In this ‘West’ constituency The elections were based on fists. The time that members of this Breton party were there were 10 seats out of the 78 seats for the UDB (Unvaniezh Demokratel Breizh, the elected onto the Regional Council. Even if French state. There were two UDB Breton Democratic Union) were in alliance this Council have few powers and means, it candidates on the list, though they had no with the Green Party. Among the candidates is a historic step. A group has been created in chance of being elected. Only one of the there were 23 candidates presented by the the Regional Council by the three UDB Greens was elected. The UDB campaigned UDB, 52 presented by the Greens, 11 were councillors and by another one of the for a Europe of diversity, for a Europe of not members of any party, and six were “Alternative Left”. One of the UDB solidarity and justice, for a Europe of fife, members of smaller Breton or leftist groups councillors, Christian Guyonvarc’h, and for a Europe of democracy and peace, as in Brest area. spokesperson of the UDB, is now one of the are the aims of the European Free Alliance, In the first vote, on the 21st of March, no vice-presidents of the Council, in charge of of which the UDB is a member. list took an absolute majority of votes. The European and international affairs. Greens-UDB list came fourth out of seven, During the election campaign, the main Y. Jardin with 9.7% of the votes. It was necessary, ideas presented by the Greens-UDB fist were First Parti Breton Summer School

The first Parti Breton Summer School took place in Gwidel, near An Oriant, on the 18th- 19th September. One hundred people came to listen and exchange ideas with a dozen guest speakers. During the two days various speakers underlined the necessity for Brittany to be quickly given devolved institutions with a tax system in order to play a role in Europe. The Parti Breton sees its own priorities as reinforcing the party itself, working on the local level, and building a programme for the future. The party’s strategy is to build a Belgium and smaller than Brittany. In Spain, look back positively on this very interesting Breton way of political thinking, opening the Basques and Galicians do have devolved weekend and first Summer School. This new Breton minds to Europe-wide action in the powers in various fields like education, party, bom in 2003, might change politics in economic, social, and cultural fields. health, and roads. They teach the native Brittany if they can keep going forward with Joan Vallve, a former minister in language in schools. In Catalonia they are young politicians involved in the economic, Catalonia, spoke first. He said that the able to cope with Catalan and Spanish. He social and cultural fields. stateless nation of Catalunya is as large as said 98% understand Catalan. A long way to Gi Keltik. go for our political leaders in Brittany. The journalist Yannick Le Bourdonnec addressed the audience on Sunday afternoon. Call for more Breton In his last book Que veulent done les bretons? (What are the Breton people asking Language Teachers for?) he gave a good sum up of the economical, social, and political situation in AGM 2004 Brittany. In my opinion it’s a good mix of ‘la Motion 2: “This AGM calls on the Bretagne dans 20 ans’ (Breizh in 20 years) French government to employ more from the sociologist Ronan Le Coadic, and Breton language teachers because there books and figures coming out of Rennes is more and more demand. ” university with Jean Ollivro. Background At the end of the day, the Parti Breton can hi 2002, the higher state court made it clear that French was the ‘state language1, therefore Diwan’s schools could not be included in the state school system (Education Nationale). This made most parents and Breton people understand r a h what a Jacobin republican state was Kampagn skoazell Diwan about. Since 2002. the EN had told the A. '“ i H s i s parents that they were ready to train stu­ evitdazontarskolioù dents in Breton courses in order to m m --- respond to the growing number of chil­ dren in the bilingual schools, but they LET’S KEEP BRETON ALIVE have not kept to their promise. In so far as they work for the state, it’s not easy for In the five Breton administrative deparments the Breton language is a strong cultural Breton teachers to go on strike for Breton asset, which is an integral part o f our identity. However if we don't so something - courses. now - all together our language risks extinction. In secondary schools (lycees) teachers The state rejection prents and obstructs public recognition but in no way undermines are not allowed any more to teach Breton our will to carry on the educational innovation and expansion o f this cultural if they are not enough children (at least initiative. six) in their classroom. Instead, the acad­ Today we appeal to you to help us in our hour o f need. emy of Brittany bought a video confer­ ence display in order to teach Breton in HEP BREZHONEG BREIZH EBET, SANS LANGUE BRETONNE PAS DE BRETAGNE five different schools. The socialist lead­ ers of the Council of Brittany are refusing THERE’S NO BRITTANY WITHOUT BRETON to give a single euro to this bad deal. At the end of the day, pupils are missing 10,000 contributions of 50 Euro will allow 2,800 Diwan pupils to continue Breton lessons, and the education estab­ their education in Breton and the growth of the Diwan network. lishment make it clear that French alone However little, all contributions are welcome. is the language of this Jacobin state. Cheque to be sent to: DIWAN BP 147 29411 LANDERNE BRITTANY It looks as if the game is not over ...who’s http ://www.diwanbreizh .org/ next? Gi Keltik. Erthygl 5 - Y mae ‘Mewnfudo Normal’ (sef yr hyn a geir pan fo ymfudwyr o unrhyw darddiad, tras neu hil yn parchu iaith, < 3 Cymru <£¡ diwylliant a hunaniaeth y Fro Gymraeg, yn dysgu ac yn defhyddio’r Gymraeg ac yn integreiddio i’r gymdeithas ar y sail honno) ______b r yn gwbl dderbyniol yn y Fro Gymraeg, ac yn gallu cyfoethogi ymhellach ein cymdeithas Datganiad y Cymraeg Gymraeg aml-hiliol a chynhwysol. Erthygl 6 - Nid oes gan neb hawl i wladychu’r Fro Gymraeg, ai o fwriad ai’n a gyhoeddwyd y 23ain Hydref2004 anfwriadol. Y mae’r fath wladychu yn weithred wladychol-hiliol ac yn drosedd, ac felly hefyd anogaeth neu gefnogaeth i Rhagymadrodd: byd;Yn gymaint a bod datganiadau’r wladychu. Y mae gwadu, gwrthwynebu neu Yn gymaint a bod pob bod dynol yn Cenhedloedd Unedig a Chyngor Ewrop yn danseilio bodolaeth y Fro Gymraeg a’i gydradd a chyfwerth; cyndabod hawl pobloedd cynhenid i beidio a chymunedau hefyd yn weithredoedd Yn gymaint a bod amrywiaeth fawr a dioddef cenedl-laddiad, i gadw eu tiroedd gwladychol-hiliol. chyfoethog o fewn y ddynoliaeth o ran iaith, traddodiadol a’u hunaniaeth, ac i gael eu diwylliant a chenedligrwydd; a bod pob hamddiffyn gan eu llywodraetliau; a bod yr Erthygl 7 - Y mae gan drigolion y Fro iaith, diwylliant a chenedl yn y byd yn hawliau hynny yn rhan annatod o’r drefn Gymraeg hawl moesol i wrthwynebu gydradd a chyfwerth; ryngwladol er diogelu hawliau dynol;Yn gwladychu a cholh ei phoblogaeth gynhenid, Yn gymaint a bod gan bob cenedl, boed awr, gan hynny, Yr ydym yn ddwys ac yn ac i wrthwynebu polisiau a gweithredoedd fach neu fawr, yr hawl i fodoli yn ei phriod ddifrifol yn cyhoeddi’r datganiad a ganlyn: sy’n hybu’r pethau hyn. Y mae’r gymimedau a thiriogaethau, heb orfod gwrthwynebiad hwn yn gyd-gefhogol a dioddef gwladychu; ac nad oes gan yr un Erthygl 1 - Y mae’r Fro Gymraeg yn phobloedd cynhenid eraill drwy’r byd sydd genedl hawl i wladychu cymnnedau na thir bodoli fel rhanbarth ac ardaloedd neilltuol o yn dioddef oherwydd hiliaeth wladychol. cenedl arall; Gymru, sef y rhannau o diriogaeth Nid gwrthdrawiad rhwng cenhedloedd mo Yn gymaint a bod hiliaeth (sef gorthrwm draddodiadol cenedl y Cymry lie y mae hyn, ond yn hytrach rhwng dwy ideoleg, sef ar sail hil, hynny yw nodweddion corfforol, mwyafrif y boblogaeth gynhenid a thraean gwladychiaeth hiliol ar y naill law a gwrth- yn hytrach nag neu’n ogystal ag ar sail neu fwy o’r boblogaeth gyfan yn medru wladychiaeth/gwrth-hiliaeth ar y llaw arall. cenedl, iaith neu ddiwylliant) yn gyfangwbl siarad a deall Cymraeg. wrthun; Erthygl 8 - Yr ydym yn gwrthwynebu’n Yn gymaint á bod gwladychu (sef yr hyn a Erthygl 2 - Yr ydym yn llwyr gefnogol i llwyr bob ffurf ar hiliaeth; yn datgan bod pob geir pan fo ymfudwyr yn gwrthod bob ymdrech i adfer a phoblogeiddio’r bod dynol yn gydradd ac yn gyfwerth, beth integreiddio i wlad newydd, ond yn hytrach Gymraeg yn rhanbarthoedd eraill Cymru (ac bynnag fo’i hil a’i nodweddion corfforol; ac yn gorfodi eu hiaith, eu diwylliant a’u hefyd yn gefnogol i ddiwylliant Cymreig y yn datgan bod y Fro Gymraeg yn rhanbarth lnmaniaeth eu hunain ar y wlad y maent yn rhanbarthoedd hynny a fynegir trwy gyfrwng ac ardaloedd aml-hiliol a chynhwysol, a’r ymfudo iddi, gan gymathu’r brodorion a/neu y Saesneg neu ieithoedd eraill) ond yn credu Gymraeg yn briod iaith iddi. gael ymadael á nhw) yn ffurf ar ladrad ac bod parhad y Fro Gymraeg yn anhepgor er felly yn drosedd, ac yn ffurf ar hiliaeth (sef mwyn sicrhau parhad a datblygiad y Erthygl 9 - Yr ydym yn datgan ei bod yn hiliaeth wladychol) am fod gwladychiaeth a Gymraeg yng ngweddill Cymru ac fel iaith gyfrifoldeb ar bawb yng Nghymru i wneud hiliaeth yn annatod ynghlwm wrth ei gilydd, genedlaethol, ynghyd a pharhad Cymru fel yr hyn sydd o fewn ei g/allu i sicrhau parhad yn hanesyddol ac o hyd heddiw; cenedl. y Fro Gymraeg a’i chymunedau. Yn gymaint a bod llawer o ieithoedd, diwylliannau a chenhedloedd cynhenid y Erthygl 10 - Yr ydym yn mynnu y dylai byd mewn perygl o gael eu dileu (‘cenedl- Erthygl 3 - Y mae gan bobl y Fro Gymraeg hawl i’w chadw fel rhanbarth ac ardaloedd Llywodraeth Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru, laddiad’) ac eraill eisoes wedi’u dileu, a Llywodraeth y Deymas Gyfunol, yr Undeb hynny yn bennaf oherwydd gwladychu a lie y mae’r Gymraeg yn briod iaith, lie y bydd y Gymraeg yn iaith swyddogol, yn iaith Ewropeaidd, a phob corff perthnasol arall hiliaeth wladychol; gefnogi’r datganiad hwn, cydnabod Yn gymaint á bod y broses hon yn naturiol y gymuned, yn brif iaith gweinyddiaeth a masnach a phob agwedd bodolaeth y Fro Gymraeg a’i hawl i barhau, fygythiad i etifeddiaeth gyffredin y derbyn eu cyfrifoldeb moesol i’w diogelu, a ddynoliaeth gyfan yn ogystal á arall ar fywyd, ac yn iaith gyffredin ymhlith mewnfudwyr a rhwng mewnfudwyr a gweithedu’n briodol er mwyn cyflawni’r chenhedloedd unigol, ac felly yn drosedd yn cyfrifoldeb hwnnw. erbyn y ddynoliaeth; brodorion; ac y mae ganddynt hawl i beidio a dioddef gwladychu na cholli’r boblogaeth Yn gymaint a bod y Gymraeg a’i rhiant, y Summary: gynhenid. Frythoneg, yn ieithoedd cynhenid Cymru ers The above is the text o f the Declaration o f oddeutu 2,500 o flynyddoedd, ond mai yn y the Rights o f the Bro Gymraeg as read on Fro Gymraeg yn unig y mae’r Gymraeg yn Erthygl 4 - Y mae gan bobl y Fro Gymraeg the 23rd October at a ceremony in parhau’n iaith gymunedol bellach; (yn cynnwys y bobl gynhenid hynny sy’n Machynlleth held by Cymuned. (See article Yn gymaint a bod y Fro Gymraeg, ei ddi-Gymraeg) hawl i gyfiawnder ‘Cymuned Launch a Declaration ’) chymunedau, ei hiaith a’i diwylliant bellach cymdeithasol, gan gynnwys cartrefi, gwaith a yn wynebu difodiant a chenedl-laddiad chynhaliaeth, ynghyd ag addysg a oherwydd gwladychu ac oherwydd colli gwasanaethau eraill trwy gyfrwng y llawer o’i phoblogaeth gynhenid, yn yr un Gymraeg, a hynny mewn cymunedau modd á llawer o bobloedd cynhenid eraill y Cymraeg eu hiaith. Campaign for a New Language Act is renewed

On the night of the 17th October members does not cover the private sector and thus has come to an end. Wales has transformed of Cymdeithas yr Iaith covered the windows private businesses are free to provide since the passing of the old Act in 1993, and of numerous large private companies (chain services only in English if they wish, and a New Language Act is back as a serious shops, banks) in Cardiff with stickers and most do. The protest followed similar action item on the political agenda.” posters demanding “Ble mae’r Gymraeg?” in Fflint, Caernarfon, and Aberystwyth in the Cymdeithas said that further action like (Where’s the Welsh?). The action took place preceding weeks, and was part of this would take place in towns throughout in Heol Albany/Albany Road, Yr Eglwys Cymdeithas’s campaign for a New Language Wales in the run-up to Christmas. Newydd/Whitchurch, and Treganna/Canton Act. Spokesman Rhys Llwyd said “Time Indeed, the following Sunday night similar districts and the companies targeted included after time we see companies and institutions action took place in Bangor. Dozens of shops the Royal Bank of Scotland, Somerfield, still refusing to provide most of theft- and offices were covered with the same Lloyds the chemists, Iceland, Boots, and services in Welsh and trampling on the rights stickers, including Kwik Save, Halifax, JJB Tesco, all of which make at most minimal of Welsh-speakers. This will not change Sports, Topshop, Burtons, Phones4U, and use of Welsh. These are all large until we have a New Language Act. It is over Debenhams. The message “Ble mae’r organisations with chains of branches, and ten years since the present Act was passed, Gymraeg” was to be seen all over the city. they could easily afford to introduce and so it is a suitable time to consider As a climax to this phase of the campaign, extensive Welsh-language policies. revising and strengthening the legislation. Cymdeithas will be holding a national forum Cymdeithas draw a distinction between these Indeed, considering the way privatisation on a New Language Act in the Old College, and small local businesses in Anglicised and technology have transformed the way Aberystwyth, on Saturday March 12th 2005, areas who could find difficulty in operating services are provided, this is a matter of where they will present theft proposal for a such policies. urgency.” Society vice-chairman Hedd new act. The aim will be to persuade the This action was to draw attention to the Gwynfor added ‘Through this action... we language quango to recommend that the fact that the present Welsh Language Act proclaim that the era of the old Language Act Assembly demand a new language law from Westminster. Hywel Williams MP (Plaid, Caernarfon), who is in the process of drawing up a draft language bill to be put before Westminster, has agreed to address the forum and Meirion Prys Jones, the Welsh Language Board’s Chief Executive, has agreed to respond. In the period up to the forum Cymdeithas are calling for a national debate on the possible contents of any new act. Their document Canrif Newydd - Deddf Iaith Newydd has been sent to numerous organisations and there is to be more internal debate within Cymdeithas too. R. ap Tomos

Plaid Cymru call for official EU status for Welsh

Plaid Cymru have launched a campaign to Basque, and Galician. language In European negotiations with establish Welsh as an official language of the Plaid Cymru Deputy Leader Jill Evans MEP simultaneous translation provided into other European Union following approval of the will lead a campaign to put pressure on the languages. policy at Plaid Cymru's Annual Conference in London Government to negotiate the "We're now seeing similar moves for Irish, Llandudno. The campaign will be led by the necessary changes. Conference delegates Catalan and Basque to get this status. If It's party's Deputy Leader Jill Evans MEP. received campaign packs from the Euro MP. good enough for them then why not Welsh? The party wants the proposed European Jill Evans MEP said: And let's not forget that Maltese already has Constitution translated into Welsh before it "It is a matter of principle for us that Welsh this status even though fewer people speak will consider supporting any referendum and should be treated equally with the languages the language than speak Welsh. is also calling for Welsh to become one of the of other European countries. The European "Not only is giving Welsh official EU status EU's working languages. This would mean that Union Is funded through public money and right in principle, it would also be good news Welsh speakers could write to the European should be there to serve all of the people - it for the Welsh economy and for tourism, institutions and expect a reply In their should have a duty to provide services to raising our profile on the international stage. language and that Welsh speaking politicians Welsh speakers in their language of choice. "It now needs the London Government to could use the language In discussions on a "We are calling for Welsh to be given the argue the case at the European level. We'll be European level. status of one of the EU's official working doing all we can to make this happen and I The issue Is back on the European agenda languages. This would mean that people could personally look forward to the day when I can following Ireland's request for Irish to become write to the European institutions and get a address the European Parliament in the an official language; the Spanish government reply In Welsh. It would also mean that Welsh language of the country I am privileged to is also making the same demands for Catalan, speaking politicians could use the Welsh represent." A federal W elsh CYMUNED LAUNCH A DECLARATION OF medium college THE RIGHTS OF THE BRO GYMRAEG in action - a foretaste of (YMUNID w hat could be! Cymuned, the movement founded to Glamorgan. Within this area Cymuned For decades Cymdeithas yr laith and other resist colonization by English-speakers in are defining areas requiring special language bodies have been calling for a federal Welsh-speaking Wales, held a ceremony attention such as those where the Welsh-medium college In the University of on the 23rd of October at Craig Rhyddid, percentage is still high enough for them Wales, but for one week In September such a Machynlleth, to make their public to be natural Welsh-speaking college, on a small scale, became a reality. declaration of the Rights of the Bro communities. Maps are also being Cymdeithas organised six courses In locations Gymraeg (Welsh Gaeltacht). The prepared. Declaration, read at the ceremony by Aran Jones, the Chief Executive of through Wales Including a college lecture theatre, a village school, a chapel vestry, a social Gwynedd councillor Seimon Glyn, is Cymuned, said ‘Experts in minorized based on the United Nations Declaration languages likejoshua Fishman are agreed club, and a theatre. of Human Rights. that to thrive a language community Fired Ffransis, Cymdeithas’s education Tim Webb, a member of Cymuned’s needs a geographic area where the spokesman, said “This variety shows how a executive who took a leading part in language is the community language. In Welsh-medium federal college can work to formulating the Declaration, said The Wales we are fortunate to have the Bro strengthen our local communities by organising United Nations have recognised the right Gymraeg, but it has been harmed by the relevant courses and offering practical of minorities to exist in their own denial of its existence. It is essential we education. It is not necessary to use a straight territories, but the Labour government now recognise the nature of the Bro translation of English courses. This is our are not taking the necessary steps to Gymraeg and its value to our nation.’ example for the University of Wales who work allow Welsh-speaking communities to Welsh as a community language has twice over against the interests of Welsh exist in the Bro Gymraeg and it is time for declined drastically in recent years as communities by offering education almost us to start demanding recognition of our thousands of non-Welsh speakers - the entirely through English and through existence.’ overwhelming majority of whom are deracinating young Welsh people by separating Cymuned have defined the Bro English but it does not make any education from their communities” Gymraeg as areas where at least 50% of difference where they come from - have In each session there was an open forum to the resident population native to Wales moved to live in the Bro Gymraeg but discuss the need for a Federal Welsh-medium can speak Welsh, and at least 33% of the have not been prepared to learn Welsh. college, and afterwards a Welsh-medium course whole population, according to figures Since they are imposing their own relevant to the needs of the local community. For from the latest Census. This amounts to a culture on another’s territory they can be a week the dream of a federal Welsh college was swathe of western Wales running from described as colonists. The struggle to realised. Ynys Mon through most of Gwynedd and keep the Bro Gymraeg over the next few Ceredigion to Carmarthenshire, with years could well be the final battle to save CYMUNED LEAD THE parts of Conwy, Clwyd, and Powys and Welsh, or indeed any Celtic tongue, as a BATTLE AGAINST 6 5 0 0 NEW smaller parts of Pembrokeshire and fully living language. HOUSES IN CEREDIGION Cymuned have declared that they will continue with the straggle against Ceredigion council’s plan to build 6500 m (umUcf, aid new houses in tiie county, doing further damage to the language, despite the On the 24th of October the slogan 'Cymorth Prynu - £5 miliwri ('Aid to Buy - £5m’) was painted by members defeat of the campaign for an elected of Cymdeithas yr laith on the walls of the Assembly offices in Aberystwyth. This action was to draw attention to the fact that the (Cardiff) government’s draft budget does not contain mayor and the Brits’ victory in the any strategy for the next three years to help young Welsh people buy houses in their own communities. subsequent council elections earlier in Cymdeithas said that their campaign would continue up to the publication of the final version of the budget the year. Cymuned have registered 150 In order to draw attention to the seriousness of the housing crisis facing Welsh-speaking communities. objections with the ongoing enquiry, more than any other body. Simon Since the last election Cymdeithas have called on the Assembly to take two simple steps, which are within its present powers, to alleviate the housing crisis:- Brooks. Cymuned’s spokesman in Ceredigion, said that they had been 1. Increase the money allocated for the Aid to Buy scheme to at least £5 million a year, with a program of given legal advice that the council’s Increasing the funding to a level that will make a real difference to families who can afford to buy houses. plans ran contrary to the Assembly’s 2. Set up a ‘Right to Rent’ fund, recognising that house prices have risen so much In many Welsh-speaking planning guidelines. Even though communities that It Is Impossible for many young Welsh people to buy a house even with help. Cymuned had entered more objections A Cymdeithas spokesman said “The proposals for housing In the draft budget do not contain any than anyone else, it was their quality provisions for a substantial Increase in funding the Aid to Buy scheme and there Is no mention of a Right to and not their number that would count Rent fund. Indeed, It’s worth noting that the finance for the social housing grant Is lower than It was In the and Cymuned would be working night days of the Welsh Office, and that despite the enormous growth in house prices over recent years. As a result, and day over the coming months to Cymdeithas will continue to take action in order to stress the need for additional money.” show that the council’s plans were R ap T based on false information. ANTI-WELSH RADIO CHANNEL IS WARNED

Radio Carmarthenshire on ‘Yellow card’

The complaints by Cymdeithas yr Iaith and speak English” telecommunications and wireless other language activists about a new local * “We do not play Welsh music and we never communications services, announced the radio station’s hostility to Welsh culture will” results of an investigation they held have been endorsed by the government * “We will not support local bands unless following Cymdeithas’s complaints. quango Ofcom. Radio Carmarthenshire was they have an agreement with Sony or a Ofcom’s director in Wales said “Our given a licence to broadcast in similar company and have reached the monitoring suggested that the amount of Carmarthenshire, a county where 50% of the British charts”. Welsh broadcast by the station per day is less population still speak Welsh despite recent Jones even threatened to shorten the evening than that agreed. However, we are more immigration, and which has the highest ‘Welsh’ program if Cymdeithas continued concerned about the total absence of Welsh absolute number of Welsh-speakers in complaining. music ... It appears to be breaking the Wales. The licence stipulated a minimum A rally was held by Cymdeithas and local agreement clearly. Ofcom have the power to number of hours to be broadcast in Welsh. language group Menter Taf Myrddin on place statutory sanctions on licence holders Since they started broadcasting in June 2004 October 23rd outside the studio in Narberth, including fines and shortening or revoking they have been criticised for their lack of Pembrokeshire, which was addressed by their licence to broadcast. We are today Welsh language material and Welsh culture Adam Price, Plaid MP for Carmarthen East giving the station a yellow card and asking generally. Their nightly Welsh language & Dinefwr, and the bard Mererid Hopwood. that they address these problems quickly and programme broadcast from 7 to 9 every It was followed by performances from two effectively”. evening only plays English music with local bands, Mattoidz and Garej Dolwen - In response to this Hedd Gwynfor of Welsh used to introduce each record. The the type of music Radio Carmarthenshire Cymdeithas yr Iaith said “Radio only other Welsh heard on the station ignores. Before the rally Catrin Howells of Cannarthenshire and their Chief Executive comprises bilingual trailers, twenty seconds Menter Taf Myrddin said: Keri Jones have shown total contempt for the of daily news bulletin and a patronising ’’While an alien broadcast will be going on Welsh language by not even broadcasting ‘Welsh Word of the Day*. Cymdeithas are inside the building, the alternative station enough to meet the requirements of their also unhappy that there are no live Welsh will be heard from outside the building. The license. Cymdeithas are calling for their language programmes and therefore there is county’s wealth of culture and talents, licence to be revoked altogether and given to no opportunity for Welsh speakers to take ignored now by Radio Carmarthenshire, will those with a real interest in reflecting and part in programmes be heard in the language of over half the supporting the communities and culture of Cymdeithas have campaigned against the population of this county.” Cannarthenshire.” He said that it was not a station using pickets and occupation of the Speaking about the rally Radio matter of the number of hours broadcast but studio. Carmarthenshire’s MD said “There is of dealing with arrogance and prejudice The response to the campaign from the radio nothing for me to say that I haven’t said towards the Welsh language and culture, and station has been unequivocal, with MD Keri before.” it is not a yellow card but only a red card that Jones saying: Following the rally Ofcom, the government can deal with this. “It may be that 50% of the people of regulator for the communications industries, Robat ap Tomos Carmarthenshire speak Welsh, but 100% with responsibilities across television, radio,

Evidence before admission, says Welsh MEP:

Ahead of the report on Turkish EU membership, Plaid Cymru Euro-MP Jill Evans expressed dismay at reports that the Impeach Blair European Commission was set to open the door for Turkey without first demanding C am p aign hard evidence of progress on the country's human rights record, and in particular its treatment of the Kurdish people. She explained that whilst Plaid Cymru and the European Free Alliance take the view that eventual Turkish membership of the EU would be good for Turkey and for “Throughout this process we've voiced Europe, there must be strict conditions our concerns that not enough progress is attached, particularly in relation to human being made in improving the human rights rights and the Turkish regime's treatment situation in Turkey, in particular the of the Kurdish minority: treatment of the Kurdish people. “This is the reason for our dismay about “It remains the case that the linguistic, the possibility of the Commission opening political and cultural rights of the Kurdish Plaid MP Adam Price, shown here, the door for Turkish membership with this people do not get the recognition they is leading a campaign for the deserve from the Turkish regime. Indeed it's report. Though our Group welcomes, up to impeachment of Blair. Plaid reported that around 40°/o of the Kurdish a point, reports of a mechanism for slowing members believe that an apology is up or even halting the negotiations if population in Turkey cannot read or write - no longer acceptable. Tony Blair Turkey fails to make progress on human the legacy of an education system that must face the full consequences of rights, this falls well short of what we doesn't recognise the Kurdish language. would have hoped for." Jill Evans, Deputy Can we really start accession negotiations his actions and his failure to resign leader of Plaid Cymru, continued: against this backdrop?" has led to a call for impeachment. So instead of Rhodri Morgan walking the length and breadth of Wales leading the CYMRU IN BRIEF debate on extra powers, he cobbles up some half baked scheme which he calls 13.2 plus. This is a classic Labour fudge. We will be proceedings for his misconduct in relation to Iraq Survey Group report calling on the Assembly to back the Richard the Iraq war. recommendations in full." reinforces case for Blair's Speaking from his constituency today, Elfyn impeachment Llwyd MP said: “No longer can the Prime Minister hide Plaid Cymru's parliamentary leader, Elfyn behind claims that he acted in good faith Llangollen Llwyd MP, has restated the ease for the Prime when new evidence keeps coming to light disappointment but MEP Minister's Impeachment following news that which contradicts this. Michael Howard has the Iraq Survey Group has concluded that seen through Tony Blair's lies and the public urges further nomination Saddam Hussein had no weapons of mass will do the same at the General Election. Plaid Cymru Deputy Leader and Foreign destruction. He said: "As more and more people have the Affairs Spokesperson Jill Evans MEP has opportunity to read our report, A Case to expressed her disappointment that the Answer, more people will understand the Llangollen International Eisteddfod has extent to which this Prime Minister lied, missed out on this year's Nobel Peace Prize. misled, exaggerated and deceived both Now the Euro MP is calling for the festival to Parliament and the public. be nominated again next year, with the widest "A half hearted apology simply won't do. possible backing from Welsh civil society. Tony Blair must face the full consequences of But Jill Evans congratulated this year's his actions and in light of his failure to resign, winner, Kenyan environmentalist and human impeachment is the only way that this can rights campaigner Wangari Maathai who is happen." the first African woman to be awarded the Plaid MP Adam Price is leading a campaign prize. for the impeachment of Blair. Jill Evans MEP said: “Like many people in Wales I'm disappointed that Llangollen hasn't won this prestigious prize. The festival has done so much to Labour boycott Richard promote reconciliation and mutual Commission debate: understanding between peoples. The way in which it brings together diverse cultures in a leuan Wyn Jones AC expressed his spirit of peace and understanding is an Elfyn Llwyd MP disappointment that only 16 of the 30 Labour inspiration. The whole of Wales is members of the National Assembly turned up "The Iraq Survey Group confirm what many tremendously proud of the Llangollen to discuss the Richard Commission proposals. of us have believed for a very long time, that Eisteddfod and the wonderful work that it The Plaid Cymru AC said: is, Saddam Hussein didn't have weapons of does. I'm sure that we're all grateful to Terry “It is typical of Labour members that they mass destruction. This was the main reason Waite, himself a great symbol of hope in the are not prepared to listen to debate on the Tony Blair gave to Parliament and the public face of adversity, for nominating the future of our nation. They wish to live for invading Iraq, even though the evidence he Eisteddfod for the prize. somewhere in the 1950s where there is no had at the time was, as Lord Butler stated, “I do hope that this won't be the end of the opposition to their policies. New Labour thin. Had Tony Blair and George Bush allowed story. Let's hope that this provides the Assembly Members are not prepared to Hans Blix and his team of UN weapons impetus for Welsh civil society to pull defend Rhodri Morgan's fudge. Rhodri Morgan inspectors to continue their work, thousands together and campaign for the Llangollen cut a lonely figure on the cabinet benches. of innocent civilians in Iraq would not have Eisteddfod to be nominated again next year. I Plaid Cymru are ready to debate the issues so been killed and Iraq would not be am sure it would help to demonstrate the we can deliver the quality public services that experiencing the bloodshed and chaos which widest possible base of support - and the people of Wales deserve." we witness daily on our television screens. Llangollen has certainly made friends all over "When ordinary people in ordinary jobs are the world." found to have made serious mistakes, and Commenting on the Nobel Peace Prize even worse, when they are found to have Another Labour fudge: Winner, Jill Evans MEP added: misled or lied, they are forced to face the Leader of the Opposition leuan Wyn Jones “Wangari Maathai is a long standing consequences. Tony Blair believes he is above AM speaking ahead of the debate in the environmental campaigner and it's heartening this kind of accountability. It is now up to National Assembly blasted Labour's fudge to see this recognition of the importance of Parliament to show that he can no longer get over the Richard Commission the environment in terms of promoting peace away with such misconduct and impeachment recommendations. The Plaid Cymru AC for in the world. Mrs Maathai is the first African is the only way to achieve this." Ynys Mon said: woman to win this award and only the twelfth Howard vindicates case to impeach Blair: “The Richard Commission's proposals set out woman, she is a symbol of hope for many Plaid Cymru's parliamentary leader, Ellyn a practical timetable to ensure that Wales African women and is a fine example of the Llwyd MP welcomed news that Michael gets a law-making Parliament by 2011. We work women do to raise awareness of Howard, the leader of the English had hoped, as he originally promised that the environmental problems in developing Conservative party who generally supports the First Minister would lead the debate on the countries. I'm sure that we could learn a great Bush/Blair war, has accused Tony Blair of lying issue. deal from her example - perhaps she could be in order to take Britain to war in Iraq. However, what we have is a fudge; Rhodri invited to speak at next year's Llangollen According to Mr Llwyd, this vindicates the Morgan has abandoned his support for a International Eisteddfod." case made by a number of MPs that the Prime Parliament in the face of opposition by self- Minister should face impeachment serving Welsh Labour MPs in London. haghaidh an cheantair a cheapadh. Beidli Seirbhis Timpeallachta Stairiiila Chomliairle Contae an Choim ag tabhairt lámli chúnta don Iontaobhas san obair seo go léir. Arsa Eileen Carter, urlabhraí de chuid an Iontaobhais: “Cuid thàbhachtach de thaipéis stairiiiil Chiaráin Naofa, Perranporth agus an Choim is ea Teampall Chiaráin. Is dóigh linne go toclaaílt BeaRtaíthe Le haghaízyh gcuideoidh an tochailt faoin Teampall chun a bhfuil fàgtha a thabhairt chun beatha athuair, sh aío rab chíarzáín nanfa rad a chuirfidh ar chumas daoine tuiscint a fhàil ar an stair iomlán a bhain leis. Tá carthanas sa Chom ag obair go dian Ina theannta sin, tabharfaidh an tochailt an cluin tionscadal a chur le chéile d’fhonn deis do mhuintir na háite páirt a ghlacadh san tochailt a dhéanamh faoi fliothracha obair chun a dteampall a aisghabháil as an Theampall Chiaráin Naofa (Piran sa ngaineamh.” Chomais) an bhliain seo chugainn. Teampall meánaoiseach atá i gceist. De réir an Suirbhéireacht Gheofisiciúil bhéaloidis sa Chom, tháinig Ciarán Naofa as Cuireadh suirbhéireacht gheofisiciúil ar Éirinn i mbád cloiche (cloch mhíle a bun, Márta 2004, chun léargas a fháil ar na ceanglaíodh air nuair a caitheadli le haill é) hiarsmaí atá fágtha faoin talamh timpeall ar agus tháinig i dtír san áit atá ainmnithe air ó Theampall Chiaráin Naofa. Chuir shin - Perranporth (Port Chiaráin). Gach “Oidhreacht Shasana” an maoíniú ar fáil ar bliain, déantar teacht an naoimh a iarratas ó Sheirbhís Timpeallachta Stairiúla cheiliúradh ar an 5 Márta. Dar ndóigh, is é Chomhairle Contae an Choim, agus gnólacht Cros Chiaráin bratach náisiúnta na as Devon, Substrata Ltd., is ea a dhein an gComach. tsuirbhéireacht féin. Cuireadh tús leis an tionscadal mar I dteannta taifeadadh a dhéanamh ar an Thionscadal Chiaráin Naofa sa bhliain 2000 mbábhún, deineadh taifeadadh ar fhianaise ach tá an bhuíon atá páirteach ann tar éis thàbhachtach faoi sheanBhaile an Teampaill. stádas carthanais a bhaint amach anois mar San áireamh ansin, bhi roinnt páirceanna Iontaobhas Chiaráin Naofa. Is é cuspóir na beaga siar ón mbábhún agus fianaise ar rían buíne ná na hiarsmaí seandálaíocha a an chéachta agus ar shaothrú talán a bheith ar bhaineann le Ciarán Naofa i bPerranzabuloe siúl. Thángthas, ina theannta sin, ar thrí cinn (An Paróiste - “Ciarán sa Ghaineamh”) i d’aimhrialtachtaí maighnéadacha a gceantar Perranporth, an séipéal paróiste a d’fhéadfadh a bheith bainteach le hurtheach tógadli ina dhiaidh sin san áireamh, a na redige, tigín nó foirgneamh dá leithéid. chaomhnú agus a fhormhaisiú. Dar le Dick Cole as Comhairle Contae an Tá dhá mhórshuíomh reiligiúnda sna Choim go bhfuil torthaí na suirbhéireachta diunhcha ó thuaidh ó Perranporth: Aireagal go hiontach. Ar seisean: Chiaráin Naofa ó luath-thréimhse na “Leis an suirbhéireacht seo, táthar tar éis meánaoiseanna agus Teampall Chiaráin lion mór gnéithe seandálaíocha a aithint Naofa a tógadh ina dhiaidh sin. Is timpeall ar Theampall Chiaráin Naofa, séadchomharthaí sceidealta iad an dá gnéithe ar léir baint a bheith acu le shuíomh agus tá cosaint dlí acu. lonnaíocht stairiúil Bhaile an Teampaill, • Cill a tógadh go luath i ré na Críostaíochta lonnaíocht atá anois faoin talamh. Abhar One o f three Celtic crosses o f its type in is ea Aireagal Chiaráin Naofa ar tháinig sceitiminí is ea eolas a fháil faoi mhéid agus clú uirthi san 19ú haois mar an Cornwall, this cross stands next to the cineál na n-iarsmaí seo, nithe atá anois faoi sand covered church o f St Piran. foirgneamh Críostaíochta ba shine sa ghaineamh a séideadh anuas orthu leis na Bhreatain. Tá ardstádas aige toisc an céadta bhain. bhaint atá aige le Ciarán Naofa, naomh Nior tugadh móràn aird ar an suiomh féin Beidh torthaí na suirbhéireachta an- náisiúnta an Choirn. De dheasca le fada. Tà codanna d’fhallai an Teampaill le úsáideach maidir le cabhrú oibreacha fadhbanna leanúnacha le loitiméireacht feiceàil cé go bhfuil an taobh istigh fós làn de timpeah ar Theampall Chiaráin Naofa amach agus tuilte, cuireadh faoi ghaineamh arís í smionagar agus de ghaineamh na farraige. anseo a bheartú.” sa bhliain 1980 agus anois tá dumhach Teastaionn ó Iontaobhas Chiarain Naofa shaintógtha os a cionn. tionscadal pobail a eagra chun an smionagar • Tógadh Teampall Chiaráin Naofa a bhaint as an Teampall agus cabhra cuid den Tuilleadh faisnéise: Dick Cole (Comhairle timpeall na bliana 1150, tar éis don chuma a bhi air a fhàil ar ais. Contae an Choim) 00441872 322056 / phobal éirí as Aireagal Chiaráin Naofa a [email protected] úsáid, agus tá seans gur ar shuíomh I dteannta radharc nios fearr ar an réamhstaire a tógadh é. Teampall a chur ar fail, beidh obair Summary chaomhnóireachta ar siùl ar na fallai ata This article describes the work being Tochailt faoin Teampall fàgtha agus ar ghnéithe eile a nochtadh. undertaken to restore St Piran’s church, now Tháinig an teampall slán, Cros Cheilteach Chomh maith leis sin, eagrófar taispeantas covered under sand dunes near Perranporth in aice leis agus dumhcha Thrá Penhale àitiuil de na nithe a aimseofar ar an suiomh in Cornwall. timpeall air. Cruinníonn na mílte timpeall ar tar éis na tochailte, cuirfear leis na haiseanna an gCros agus ar an Teampall gach bliain léirrnhiniùchain sa cheantar agus déanfar Vivian Uibh Eachach. mar chuid de cheiliúradh Lá Chiaráin Naofa. plean bainistiochta seandàlaiochta le Irish Poets’ Visit

Irish Language News The Irish poets who visited Alba in late Autumn 2004 on the long running inter Celtic exchange (started in 1970) were • Irish Government moves on Stadas to purchasers! In Kerry no language Daithi 0 hOgain and Dolores Stewart and The Irish Government finally put the condition was appended for a housing they were accompanied by Coim Dubh 0 formal case (through Ireland’s permanent estate in the middle of the Gaeltacht in a Mealoid, a brilliant box player, from the representative to the EU, Ms Anne complete abrogation of their Rath Carn Gaeltacht and Sean Garvey a Anderson), at a meeting of EU responsibilities by the County Council. great sean nos singer from Kerry. Their first Ambassadors at the end of November, to The decision has been appealed by port of call was Sabhal Mor Ostaig on Skye have Irish made an official and working language activist Donncha O hEallaithe where a great poetry court and session was language of the EU. They were told that from Conamara - what were local held, with a student (from England) at the the Irish Government wanted to end the community groups doing or do they care? College, Charles Quinnell, reading his Gaelic anomaly whereby Irish is the only ‘treaty In Cork the Council attitude is the same. poetry also. Other venues were the north of language’ which is not also an official The situation obviously calls for a radical Lewis, North Uist and then Glasgow. and working language. Their proposal review and the transfer of planning Another very successful series of events in would grant that status to Irish but would powers for Gaeltacht areas from the the exchange which has done so much to not require translation of all legislative County Councils to bodies charged with cement relations between the Gaels of Alba proposals into Irish. There would be a responsibility for the language. A demand and Eire. transitional period of four years where made 30 years ago by the then Gaeltacht only legislation adopted jointly by the Civil Rights movement. Ironically Council of Ministers and the Parliament however bodies one would have expected would be translated into Irish. After four to be proactive on these issues e.g. Udarâs Republicans years a review would consider if other na Gaeltachta, have ignored them! documents, such as regulations, Reject 'Sackcloth directives and decisions adopted by the • LÂ cutbacks Irish language daily LA has had to cut Council and judgements of the European and Ashes' back publication from 5 days a week to Court, should also be translated. The four and let one staff member go (with After months of negotiations between the proposal was stated to have received a another likely to follow) after expected British and Irish governments and (separately) ‘cautiously positive response’, with Spain Sinn Fein and the Democratic Unionist Party grants from the Intereg fund and Foras na said to want any change in the EU’s (DUP) of Ian Paisley it had been reported that Gaeilge were blocked. LA ran a vigorous language regime linked to improvement a deal involving decommissioning and the campaign to prevent this after Lord Laird in the status of Catalan and Basque. restoration of the Local Northern Assembly of the Ulster Scots Agency said Ulster was close. Republicans were stated to have Scots funding should not be restricted at been prepared to decommission all remaining • Housing Developments Threaten the expense of funding for Irish. He weapons, disband the IRA and engage on Gaeltachtai apparently clarified that this was not policing. The Local Assembly was to be The issues of the detrimental effect of directed specifically at LA however the reconstituted with guarantees as to its continuance. Then the Rev. Ian Paisley stated housing estates on the language in result was the same. This action has wide Gaeltacht areas which were discussed at in his heartland of Ballymena that not only ranging implications for funding for all should the IRA decommission but they must the Celtic League seminar in An Spideal Irish organisations. Sign LA petition at be seen to wear ‘sackcloth and ashes’ and the over a year ago came to the fore again in address below, 1330 signatures already DUP demanded photographic evidence, a call recent months in relation to housing listed which Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams developments near An Spideal and also in www.PetitionsOnline.com/32130966/peti characterised as a demand for public the Kerry Gaeltacht. In the case of An tion/html. humiliation. The two governments supported Spideal a 17 house development in the this (despite having been told a month centre of the village was given planning previously by Gerry Adams that the IRA would permission and Galway County Council not tolerate it) but admitted events were stalemated again and stated they would signed a legal agreement with the publish details of what had actually been developer that 62% of the units must be agreed. sold to those with fluent Irish. The While the DUP had, it seems, committed to permission was appealed by a local sharing power with Sinn Fein the final outcome community group who, rightly, felt that it certainly raises questions about whether this should be 100%. was genuine and that their tactics in fact were The objectors put forward evidence that to demand what even they knew was not acceptable. The attitude of the two language usage in a community could governments in supporting his demand was only be sustained if at least 70% of the termed totally naive by one political community spoke it daily. The influence commentator. On local administrations which of outsiders in changing the language they control the DUP has adamantly refused to practice of the local GAA club already share power with nationalists. Undoubtedly was quoted. The appeal was held in Nov. Paisley would love to be the North’s First and a decision is expected at the end of Minister but he certainly does not want Martin January. Galway County Council McGuinness of Sinn Fein as Deputy First Minister. He is now calling for the Northern themselves have plans for an affordable LA started in 1984 and had only a few Assembly to be reconstituted with Sinn Fein housing scheme in the heart of the weeks previously celebrated the launch of excluded (which is unlikely to happen) but Gaeltacht, for which as a council scheme a book “Ar Nuachtan Laethuil”, a either way he and the DUP stand to gain from of their own no planning is required, and collection of articles published in the this with Unionism in the forthcoming they apparently have no intention of newspaper, edited by its arts editor Philip Westminster elections. having any language condition applicable Cummings. JOHN REDMOND'S FOLLY

In an address given by former Taoiseach numbers just wouldn’t add up. Once the Bill a six year period. After six years, unless John Bruton , to a conference held by the passed its final reading, it would become Westminster had made a new provision, ‘Reform Movement’, last September, He law. With the formation of an Ulster these counties would then automatically questioned the need for the 1916 Rising, Volunteer Force, extra parliamentary come under Home Rule. and suggested that Irish independence could methods came to the fore. have been achieved without a shot being On April 25th 1914 a massive arms fired. This erroneous view is, unfortunately, importation took place at Lame. Faced with shared by many, especially those of the an armed insurrection, should Home Rule ‘revisionist’ school. What is not widely be enforced on Ulster, Prime Minister known is that on the eve of the Great War, Asquith’s nerve failed. He met with Tory John Redmond, the Irish Party leader leader, Bonar Law, who suggested agreed to Partition, limiting Home Rule to a excluding at least four of the six North 26 county Southern Ireland. This was John Eastern counties, unless a majority there Redmond’s Folly! voted to accept Home Rule. John Redmond After the disaster of the Parnell split, reiterated his view that Irish nationalists Redmond had re-united the Irish Party. In could never assent to the mutilation of the the 1911 election, they held the balance of Irish nation. In early February, Asquith had power at Westminster. Redmond’s price for given Redmond a number of reassurances supporting Herbert Asquith’s Liberals to that both he and his Cabinet were opposed form a government was a new Irish Home to even the temporary exclusion of any part Rule Bill, which would be put before of Ulster .Now, faced with an armed parliament in 1912. Edward Carson‘s Unionist militia contemplating a coup detat, Unionists and their Tory allies were Asquith came up with a new proposal; any appalled. Even allowing for the possibility Irish county where a majority of its voters of a small number of Liberal defectors, the so decided, could opt out of Home Rule for

Gaelscoileanna Progress - John Redmond new attitude from a new Minister? After consulting with Ulster nationalist Joe Devlin, who had most to lose, given his position as an Ulster MP, Redmond suggested a temporary arrangement to allow Antrim, Armagh, Derry and Down to remain outside the Home Rule area for three years. Redmond then presented this watered-down opt out clause to Asquith . After more long hours of fruitless negotiations, Redmond finally agreed to the four-county, six- year opt out clause, but only as his very last concession. What John Redmond didn’t know was that neither the Tories nor Edward Carson knew anything about these new proposals. When the new offer was put to Carson some days later, he rejected it contemptuously, stating, “We do not want a sentence o f death with a stay o f execution for either three or six Minister for Education and Science, Mary Hanafln, reviewing the Irish labguage software years package ‘An Cat Dubh’ with pupils from Gaelscoil Osrai in Kilkenny following her launch As the Home Rule Bill got its second o f it after her address to the Gaelscoileanna Education and Annual Conference. reading in the House of Commons, Carson took his members out of the House and The new Minister for Education and Science, workshops were held over the weekend ranging returned to Belfast. The rumour was he was Mary Hanifin, was a guest speaker at this years from curriculum oriented ones to those directed going there to stage a Unionist coup. The very successful Education and Annual at planning second level schools (see also p.3). Liberal government watched and waited as Conference of Gaelscoileanna in Kilkenny in Amongst matters of concern shown in the Carson’s now well- armed Ulster Volunteer November. She at least, while showing the reports of the executive and in motions Force prepared to flex its muscles. While influence of the Department of Education discussed were the attitude of the Department to the Irish Volunteers were organising then- mandarins in some parts of her speech, did, immersion education in the infant years in unlike her predecessor Noel Dempsey, indicate a particular, the pressing need for development of own small-scale arms importation at Howth, willingness to accept a delegation from the second level schools and rejection of the policy King George V invited all parties to a organisation to discuss a range of issues evidenced by the Dept, earlier in the year with conference at Buckingham Palace in an affecting the position of many Gaelscoileanna their refusal to sanction two new primary attempt to find a way past the deadlock. The and the broad range of difficulties facing Irish schools in Mullingar and Dublin. (See Carn 126). conference which took place from the 21st Medium Education. A series of very informative to 24th of July was amicable enough, though it kept breaking down over the area of North East Ulster to be excluded from Mary Kelly, anti-war activist, sentenced. Home Rule. The even more contentious length of time for exclusion was never even The 52-year-old anti-war activist, Mary discussed! As the conference broke up word Kelly, has been given a two-year suspended filtered through about the arms shipment at jail sentence for causing criminal damage to Howth .But no sooner had that news a US military plane at Shannon Airport on reached London than it was followed by the January 29, 2003 horrific account of the Bachelor’s Walk The mother of four took an axe to a US incident, when members of a detachment of navy plane causing €1.1 million worth of the Kings Own Scots Borderers, fired on a damage. Kelly, who freely admits taking an Dublin crowd, leaving 4 dead and 38 axe to the aircraft a few weeks before the injured. Dreams of a peaceful transition to US/UK invasion of Iraq—was forced to Home Rule lay amidst the dead and defend herself, without lawyers, in the trial. wounded on Bachelor’s Walk. Back in June, she fell out with her lawyers As the Great European Powers drifted over legal strategy just as the trial was set to towards war , Bonar Law through begin. intermediaries, indicated to Redmond, a Nonetheless, the Irish nurse conducted her defence meticulously, comprehensively possible Home Rule plan which a number establishing to the satisfaction of everyone of prominent Tories believed Carson just except Judge Carroll Moran that she was might find acceptable. Under these terms, a entitled in law to try to show the jury that she geographical area of the north-east of has reasonable cause for her action based on Ireland, which approximated to Antrim, the threat to the people of Iraq and her inten­ Down , Derry , Tyrone , North & Mid- tion to prevent crimes there. Armagh and North Fermanagh would be Judge Carroll Moran, who presided over excluded from Home Rule. For this Kelly’s first, himg-jury trial last year, was purpose, the Tories would introduce an determined to insist that “all evidence relat­ amendment to the Bill, once it was ing to the war in Iraq and the US use of presented to the Commons. On Thursday Shannon Airport is irrelevant”. July 30th, as Asquith was preparing the The jury heard next-to-nothing from an caused the damage to save lives in Iraq and speech he would give that afternoon in the array of assembled witnesses. In his charge that her conscience was clear. Commons, he received a telephone call to the jury, Judge Moran said he had acted to Judge Carroll Moran said Ms Kelly had from Bonar Law, suggesting an emergency prevent the case degenerating into a political committed more than civil disobedience. He meeting with Carson at Law’s house in debate. He said the defence of lawful excuse said her action constituted criminal damage. Kensington. Law’s chauffeur was already did not apply as there was no connection in The judge said society at large would expect on his way to Asquith*s home. At Law's space or time between the act carried out by him to prevent the sort of social anarchy house, the final hand was played upon an Kelly and the person or property she was which inevitably follows when people take unsuspecting Herbert Asquith. To maintain claiming to protect. Judge Moran appeared to the law into their own hands as Ms Kelly had unity on the eve of the coming war in know little shame. After two trials and a done. Europe, it was proposed that any Home number of adjournments, Kelly finally faced Judge Moran suspended the sentence for Rule amendments be postponed until a later sentencing on the 1st December last. four years from today on condition that there date. The Home Rule Bill would be put Counsel for Ms Kelly, Patrick Gageby, is no repetition of criminal damage by Ms before parliament as it stood, but a said his client’s action at Shannon Airport Kelly, and that she does not come within a simultaneous Suspensory Act would brought no personal gain for her. He said it one-mile radius of Shannon Airport. prevent it becoming law until the War’s was an act of protest against what she Ms Kelly emerged from the court to cheers end, when new amendments could then be believed was wrong. Ms Kelly has said she and applause from her supporters. introduced. Asquith's cabinet accepted this in principle, and Redmond wearily agreed to accept a future county opt-out clause, without any six-year time limit! On September 18th 1914, the ill-fated Irish Home Rule Act was placed on the Statute book, but suspended for the duration IbisIi C em cm c of the Great War, a war so many thought For news, analysis, reviews, features, and an independent voice would be over by Christmas. By Christmas 1915, Home Rule began to look very I’nhlished continuously since Annual Subscription Rates (six issues) distant. The enthusiasm that greeted the Iris!i nnmnorat is the bi-monthly Redmond’s apparent success had £5 .50 Britain journal of the Connolly Association £10.00 Solidarity subscription evaporated. Soon, younger, more energetic wfikcti campaigns for a united and visionaries would replace John Redmond’s £3.00 Europe laiimallj independent Ireland and the riyhls ol £ I l.fU LISA Canada (airmail) outdated Irish Party. Strangely, the only £12.00 AuSlralia (airmail) part of the Home Rule Act that ever came trie Irish in Britain. Rdyulitf confnbu- into force was another legislative tors include the respected Celtic his­ Cheques payable ID: amendment, establishing a Home Rule torian Pater Berresford EBIs whosut "Carnally Publications Lid” parliament for Northern Ireland at regular column Annon is Anail has Sena to: Stormont! Peon a feature of the paper lot Over Carnally Publications Ltd, ran years. 244 Cray's Inn Road. London WCIX flJR © Pat Burke 2004 PERRA (kynsa islywydh) ha Johannes HOFMEISTER (nessa islywydh). Ygerys yw an OME dhe bub bolonjedh da. Heb kost yw bos esel an OME. Ty a yll dos ha bos Kernow esel an OME ow pos kesskrifer. Rag bos kesskrifer res yw ri derivadow kewar ha heptu heb godrosow aghel. Pub kesskrifer a yll skrifa y erthygel yn yeth y dhewis. Nyns Organasti«) p*t»r Im Mwiontes EnfWMnrfWi ^ yw treylys an wiasva ma dhe Gemewek ffcciirrrft* ift/anwaifom gf ßramüln hwath ha da via kavoes kesskrifer

w w w eura@ inoritv.org kemeweger parys dhe dreylya an wiasva ha dhe ri derivadow yn-kever Kemow ha’n Kemewek ! GWIASVA RAG BAGASOW BYGHAN EUROPEK. Pella derivadow orth: Eurominority, Michel BOLLORÉ-PELLÉ, Yma gwiasva pur dhe les a-dro dhe 86, kae Stêr an Oded, 29000 Kemper, vagasow byghan Europek. Trigva an wiasva Breizh / Bretagne (Dre Bow Frynk) ma yw www.eurominority.org Gwiasva Tél. +33 (0)2 98 52 96 46 bagasow byghan Europek, kenedhlek, www.eurominority.org ranndiryel, gonisogethek ha yethoniethek, poblow genesik, bagasow ethnek, tiredli Summary: arbennik, rannvroyow a omsyns dihaval a www.eurominority.org is a website created dus erell ha gans plegansyow federalek yw. in 1999 by a young Breton called Michel Organisation pour les Minorités Michel Bolloré-Pellé. The aims o f the website are Européennes (OME) yw hanow an Bolloré-Pelle research, investigation and promotion o f the kowethas. Henna a styr Restrans rag an Bagasow Byghan Europek. Hwithrans, minorities o f Europe. Michel Bolloré-Pellé is helped in his task by Darko Gavrovski, derivadow hag avonsyans yw amkan an Perdu Perra, Johannes Hofmeister and kowethas ma gras dhe lavur 90 kesskrifer a - Kemper (Breten Vyghan) gans Michel also by 90 correspondents all over Europe. berth yn Europa. Bolloré-Pellé. Breton yw an den yowynk Membership is free and this website is open Yma baner dhe’n OME ynwedh. An ma. Privedh yw an kowethas ma ha nyns yw to eveiy good will. Everybody can become a baner a dhiskwa unyans yntra tus Europa kevrennys gans an Unyans Europek. Pur correspondent. Articles written by the ha liester poblow Europa. Baner an OME boesek yw lavur an OME ha’n wiasva yw correspondents have to be objective, neutral yw sevys war vaneryow Konsel Europa hembrenkys ha gwithys dhe dhydli pup-prys. and non-racists. Cornish correspondents are ha’n Unyans Europek. An sterennow yn Gwrys yw an lavur ma gans an gesskriforyon needed as the website has still not been kylgh a dhiskwa an liester, an vri ha’n hag ordenys gans Michel Bolloré-Pellé. translated into Cornish. golowder gonisogethek an bagasow Gweresys yw Michel Bolloré-Pellé byghan. (Ordenor hag alhwedhor) gans Darko José CALVETE Gwrys veu an wiasva ma yn 1999 yn GAVROVSKI (skrifennyas), Perdu

Henry and Katharine Jenner Henry and Katherine Jenner A Celebrations of Cornwall’s Culture, Language A peleforaticin dì Comwa^'s Culture, and Identity Language and Identity ISBN / 903421 19 3 Price £12.50

This collection of essays is published to mark the centenary of the CdifcJ ty L«e»e+: It rtUiams publication of Henry Jenner’s Handbook of the Cornish Language in 1904, a landmark in the revival of Cornwall’s ancient tongue, and to celebrate the contribution to Cornwall’s culture of Jenner and his wife, Kitty Lee. Having helped Cornwall gain acceptance as a Celtic nation by the Pan-Celtic Congress, the Jenners went on to found the Old Cornwall Societies and Henry was to become Cornwall’s first Grand Bard. Kitty Lee was a talented painter, poet and novelist, whose work until now has received little recognition. The book includes essays by Henry Jenner and poems by Jenner and Kitty Lee, with contributions by, David Everett, Alan M. Kent, Donald Rawe, Tim Saunders, Brian Coombes and Derek R. Williams, who explore the Jenners’ writings, their achievements and their Anglo-Catholic and Royalist beliefs.

This book is produced in association with Gorseth Kernow. To order a copy of the book contact: Francis Boutle Publishers, 272 Alexandra Road, London 22 7BG. Tel: 020 8889 7744 Email: [email protected] THE CORNISH IN LATIN AMERICA

Some of you have will be aware that I have many areas across Latin America. Yet little Murdoch House in 1999 and was the written several articles in this magazine research has focused on this important part of documentary researcher for the Cornish about Celtic culture and activities in South Cornish history. Sharron has amassed a great Mining World Heritage Site Bid, Historic America over the past two years. Maybe deal of information during the course of her Environment Section, Cornwall County some of you already know that I have a studies and decided to make this accessible Council. She has recently completed a strong interest in Argentina and Uruguay to those people, who like her, have an interest doctorate in Cornish Studies at the with most of my relatives living beyond the in this subject. In order to disseminate this University of Exeter entitled ‘Cornish seas and strong connections with the Irish information she has created a wonderful Migration to Latin America: A Global and community in Argentina. Today I would like website at the following address: Transnational Perspective’. She is currently to recommend a fantastic website related to www.ex.ac.uk/comishlatin/ research assistant to the Cornish the Cornish migration to Latin America: She hopes that this website will begin to Communities Programme at the Institute of www.ex.ac.uk/cornishlatin/. address this lack of scholarship and that this Cornish Studies. For several years Sharron Schwartz has site will also further the considerable work Sharron is the author of prize-winning been researching and writing about being undertaken on migration to Latin Lanner: A Cornish Mining Parish (1998), nineteenth and early twentieth century America from other parts of the British Isles. and has published numerous articles on Cornish migration to South and Central Her website contains an historical overview Cornish migration, mining and gender. America and the Spanish Caribbean. Her that seeks to answer several fundamental interest was stimulated after she had questions such as: who were the migrants, discovered that she had several Cornish why and when did they leave Cornwall, ancestors who migrated there as Mine where did they migrate from and where did Agents in the late nineteenth century. they settle? Additionally, a balanced The theme of Cornish migration overseas evaluation of the Cornish presence in Latin has largely concentrated on migration to the America is presented and the transnational english-speaking world. Except for A. C. aspect of life arising from migration which Todd’s book on Cornish miners in Mexico, shaped the way people lived in communities there is no definitive work that might explain on both sides of the Atlantic is not ignored. the migration of many thousands of Cornish, As she tells us: ‘the data that I have who like her ancestors, went to Latin presented here is merely the tip o f the America. Intrigued and challenged, she set iceberg. But maybe you can help to augment about addressing this lack of research that this? Do you have information about your culminated in the award of PhD in the Cornish ancestors ’ migration there that you summer of 2003 at the Institute of Cornish would be willing to submit, or any letters, Studies, University of Exeter. Of course, the diaries, photographs o f people, places mines interest and significance of Cornish or headstones that you would be willing to migration to Latin America lay not in share? I am currently engaged in numbers: far fewer people migrated there negotiations with a university press to than to the USA, South Australia, England publish my thesis into a book, so any and Wales or South Africa, but in the fact additional information and data would be that the mines of Latin America were among most useful. the first to attract significant Cornish labour Sharron wants and hopes that this website outside the British Isles and continued to will stimulate further interest in the historic recruit Cornish labour right into the 1930s. transnational Cornish connections with many Headstone carved ‘In Love Cornish migration to Latin America began in parts of Latin America. I hope that in the Memory’ to Cornish-Mexican the 1820s after the collapse of Spanish and future we will see Cornish-Brazilian, Salvador Skewes Mendoza at the Portuguese powers in Latin America. The Chilean, and Mexican associations similar to Panteon de los Ingleses Real del 1820s marked also the beginnings of those in other parts of the Cornish world and Monte. He was born in 1910 and significant British capital investment in maybe even Cornish towns twinned with died in 1984. This rustically hewn Latin American mining and led to the their counterparts in South and Central stone is touchingly inscribed with migration of thousands of Comishmen and America and the Caribbean. It is time that the the things that were dear to the their families. Many of the defining features Cornish in Latin America are recognised as a heart of the deceased, including of overseas Cornish migration during what vital part of the Cornish diaspora. typically Cornish things like music has been dubbed the ‘Great Migration’ Enquiries and general comments about and mining. A good example of (cl815-1920) have their roots in Latin this website can be directed to: how the Cornish mixed with the America. These include the system of home [email protected] native population! pay (remittances) that were to become so important to the Cornish economy in the late nineteenth century, the rise of transnational Sharron P. Schwartz completed her BA communities, and more importantly the (Hons) degree in European History at the emergence of the reputation of Cornish School of Slavonic and East European I would like to thank Sharron for miners, also known as ‘Cousin Jacks’ , as the Studies, University of London. Sharron has allowing me to use some material world’s finest hard rock miners. The Cornish worked for several years as a history tutor for from her excellent website for this who migrated to Latin America were mainly the Department of Lifelong Learning, article. M eur ras dhis Sharron... engaged in metalliferous mining. This University of Exeter, and launched the occupational specificity resulted in clusters Cornish Global Migration Programme under José CALVETE of Cornish immigrants close to mines in the aegis of the Institute of Cornish Studies at Flostnee va jeeaghyn da'n teihll yn aght dy chroo ashoon veagh reill harrish y chruinney. Ta Starkey gra dy vel Crooin Flostyn er nyannoo reddyn mooarey son CEyn ashoon1. Shione dou cre'n ashoon Deh loayrt mychione. Ny sodjey, ta Starkey corree CEdy vel shin er chur sthap er ynsaghey shennaghys as cultoor yn ashoon ain dy kiart1. Gyn ourys, t'eh smooinaghtyn Yn Impiroilaghys Reeshtagh dy bare dooin jarrood y theay ayns shennaghys. Share y lught-reeoil my t1ou Lurg y Nah Chaggey Mooar, shimmey leeideil ec deiney goll rish George W. Bush cur yn impiroilaghys er e hoshiaght. Ta peiagh va smooinaghtyn dy row eash noa as Putin sy Roosh. Starkey ny charrey mooar da'n Phrinse vaynrey cheet rish. Va ny Natseeyn currit Neayris hoie ny h-Arabee shen er America Chaise, ren gra CETa shin er choayl yn aght mow, va ny h-Ashoonyn Unnaneyssit currit lesh etlanyn, ta leshtal cooie er ve ec Bush dy hoiggal yn eiraght ashoonagh ain. T1 eh er bun, as feiy ny cruinney va sleih streeu as Putin as fir-toshee elley dy Ihiggey er dy ooilley kyndagh rish ny bleeantyn tree son seyrsnys as cairys. Ayns eheeraghyn vel sheshaght agglagh dy h-ymaggleyderyn feed.1 Cre1n jeeyl va jeant ec ny bleeantyn Oarpagh dy liooar, v 1eh coontit dyve yn red gobbraghey ry cheilley feiy ny cruinney, dy shen. As ta shin toiggal e1red ta'n prinse kiart dy chroo shirveishyn-slaynt as jeean as dy fondagh. As ny jean jarrood y ooasle cheet er tra Deh loayrt mychione shirveishyn-ynsee son dy chooilley pheiagh, dooinney treih shen, Tony Blair. Agh hooar CEyn eiraght ashoonagh ain1 as CEshin1. boght ny berchagh. Ec y traa eheddin, va ny yn FBI as yn CIA nagh vel Iheid y cheshaght Shione dhyt dy vel reddyn beggan ersooyl shenn impiraghtyn Oarpagh goll sheese y agglagh shen ayn. Son shiekyrys, ta cam tra ta Starkey gra CEShe yn rheam liargagh dy tappee. Ny veggan as ny possanyn dy gheiney debejagh ayn ayns reeoil yn aght dooghyssagh dy reill. Gagh veggan, va ny meeryn slaait jiarg ec ymmodee eheeraghyn ta arryltagh dy varroo sorch elley dy reiltys, she red aggairagh Sostnee niartal er caslys-eheerey yn teihll sleih elley as jannoo reddyn scammyltagh t'a yn 1. geddyn sorch dy heyrsnys. Va'n red eheddin elley. Agh t 1eh er ve myr shen rish ram Fer -shennaghys elley, shen dooinney taghyrt bentyn rish ny h-impiraghtyn bleeantyn. enmyssit Ferguson. Ta eshyn lane shiekyr dy Frangagh as Belgagh as impiraghtyn elley. Ta reiltyssyn ennagh goaill ymmyd jeh row (as dy vel) impiraghtyn foaysagh. Vel Ga dy daink y Caggey Feayr rish as va sleih skeealyn ard-yindyssagh mychione Al shen yn oyr hooar eh obbyr yindyssagh myr goaill aggie roish caggey cheshveanagh, Qa'ida (Yn Undinys) dy cheau ersooyl cairyn olloo niartal ayns ollooseoill Americaanagh hannee meeryn mooarey dy yerkallys. sleih. Cooinee er yn ehennaghys. Shimmey myr Yale ny Harvard? Son shiekyrys, ta ny Tra huitt yn Unnaneys Soveidjagh veih my leigh hranlaasagh va bree currit jee ec fir- CEneocons1 Americaanagh goll rish cheilley, va tooilley jerkallys ayn. Dy toshee Flostyn harrish ny bleeantyn Rumsfeld siane ayns foayr jeh1n firrinagh, she yn Impiraght Rooshagh huitt kyndagh rish yn eab dy chur Nerin fo chosh. impiroilaghys. Shimmey neocon as shimmey veih my cheilley. Lhig ny Soveidjee er dy Ta ny leighyn shoh er chur stiagh er sleih sidoor Americaanagh ta lhaih dy jeean row ooilley yn pobble syn Unnaneys oc cadjin ayns Sostyn, Bretyn, Nalbin, Mannin mychione yn Impiraght Ghoaldagh nish. corrym, agh, ginsh yn irriney, va laue yn as y Chorn chammah as orroosyn ayns Nerin Foddee ad jeeaghyn da ny h-Arabee treih yn eaghtyr ec ny Rooshee. hene. As nish, kyndagh rish CEY Chaggey aght dy chosney yn deynlaght. Agh cha row yn jerkallys shen cooilleenit. noPn Atchim1 t'ad croo leighyn smessey Foddee nagh vodmayd, ny Celtee, jannoo Vrish caggaghyn magh ayns eheeraghyn dy foast ayns America, Sostyn as eheeraghyn monney mychione ny cooishyn shoh. Agh er liooar, yn Yugoslaavey ny mast'oe. Fo'n elley. As ta Putin er naavioghey yn y chooid sloo fodmayd gaccan mychione ennym foalsey jeh CEjeianaghey1 impiroilaghys Rooshagh liorish y chaggey claareyn chellveeish nagh vel agh (CEmodernising1), ta pooaraghyn lajer er scammyltagh ayns Chechnya. ashoonaghys Sostnagh.As ta eurrym er Iheh vooadaghey yn vaarney eddyr sleih boght Agh ta'n sampleyr share jeh1 n ain dy ve caggey noi'n impiroilaghys. Son as lught yn argid. Ta'n CEdellal seyr1 stroie impiroilaghys noa ry gheddyn syn Earack shiekyrys, ren ram jeh ny shennayraghyn ain ny beaghyn jeh sleih feiy ny cruinney. nish. Rish ymmodee bleeantyn, ta Rumsfeld cooney dy jeean lesh yn impiroilaghys - Gyn ourys, shione dhyt ooilley yn stoo as e chaarjyn er naarlaghey dy hoie er y jeeagh er ny captanyn-marrey Manninagh shoh hannah. Agh, myr Celtiee, erskyn cheer shen. Nish t'eh jeant oc - as cre'n va dellal ayns sleabyn. Agh er y laue elley, ooilley, shegin dooin cur geill da'n brock fuilltagh t'ayn. Jarrood y blaatar va shennayraghyn ain va mastey yn ehied impiroilaghys noa. Neayr's Ihing ny mychione Wappinyn Cour Ard-Chragh. As sleih va currit fo chosh ec yn impiroilaghys Romanee ny shlee na daa veeilley blein er jarrood y boghtynid mychione seyrey pobble syn Oarpey. T'eh fassanagh ec y traa t1ayn dy henney, ta ny Celtiee er hurranse - t 1 eh jeeaghyn nagh row ad laccal agh dy hannaghtyn dty host. Lhig dooin gyllagh kyndagh rish yn impiroilaghys. Shoh yn geddyn greim er yn ooill, s'cum mey vel magh. polasee ta dellal rish sleih as eheeraghyn ta meeillaghyn dy leih oney marrooit. currit fo chosh myr greieyn-obbyr ta currit Ayns Sostyn, ta'n impiroilaghys noa ry er y teihll cour cosney argid son ny akin ayns ny claareyn CEshennaghys1 ta goll Summary mainshtyryn oc. Foastagh, ta ny h-aghtyn- er creeley er y chelIveeish. Jeeagh er y A new and dangerous imperialism is smooinaghtyn ec ymmodee Celtiee strane dy chlaareyn jeant ec y fer shen appearing, led by the unholy alliance o f the soilshaghey dy vel yn impiroilaghys jannoo David Starkey son Ammyr Kiare. Ta Starkey Bush clique, Blair and Putin. Celts may orroo ec y traa t'ayn. er ngoll erash dys ny shenn laghyn as eshyn appear powerless in the face of all this, but Va kuse jin bolvaneagh dy liooar dy livrey goo Yee mychione ere cho yindyssagh the insular Celts should at least protest chredjal ny skeealyn dy row yn as va reeaghyn as mraane-rein Flostyn. about the stream o f imperialist propaganda impiroilaghys goll ersooyl son dy bragh lurg Choud's ta fys aym, cha row ny Celtee masquerading as history which is appearing y Nah Chaggey Mooar. Cha row shen kiart imraait echey agh un cheayrt - myr pobble on British television. - t 1 eh cheet erash dy lajer nishtagh, goll er neu-feeu va scughit ersooyl ec Anglo- Brian Stowell PILLARS OF MANX LANGUAGE DIE Leslie Quirk 29.9.1914 - 20.10.2004

A fluent Manx speaker and member of Yn some people thought that Manx was a lot Cheshagt Ghailckagh (Manx Gaelic more like Irish than it actually is. Society), Lesley Quirk will be remembered He was a kind, humorous, pleasant man, as part of the team which worked with the with no sense of glory-seeking - but there Irish Folklore Commission to ensure that the was a great solidity deep inside him. He last native speakers of Manx were recorded. believed in the Manx nation and he He was, therefore, part of a movement and understood that you can't do much without group that ensured that the language was not politics. in a slightly different orthography onto quietly extinguished but remained alive. His He was one of the people who took the computer. He was reading stories to the involvement and commitment spanned momentous step in the early 1960s to children at the Manx-medium school and decades and he carried on his work for the formally establish a Manx Nationalist Party, was studying Breton through the medium of language with enthusiasm and courtesy until thereby ensuring that some of the Welsh. he died. constitutional freedoms that have since Although the true Manx nature of the Throughout his life, Leslie loved the Isle of accrued were realised. On Saturday 11th Island has become less strong, Leslie was Man, the language, and other languages and January 1964, he became a part of what was delighted that children can now learn Manx cultures. He had learned a lot of Manx from termed ‘the temporary management in the schools and that there is a Manx- Caesar Cashen, a noted Manx speaker in committee’ of Mec Vannin (then called the medium school, with young children Peel. He also learned a lot of Welsh when he Manx Nationalist Organisation) at its speaking Manx confidently and with had to leave Marinin and was working for a formative meeting. He served in Mec Vannin enjoyment. Fifty years ago, who would have forestry board in Wales, near Machynlleth. for several years, together with his brother thought that such things would happen? Leslie had spent some time in Ireland and Walter, and was one of those who stuck with Brian Stowell, who knew Lesley for 51 met some interesting characters. His Irish the organisation as it experienced ‘growing years from the time Lesley taught him his was good; good enough, in fact, to be asked pains’. His patience, good manners and first Manx in 1954 and met him frequently up to go to Ireland to work for the language diplomacy were vital in some of the early until his death, read a remembrance of his there. Thankfully for the Manx, family meetings of the Party. life at the funeral service at St Patrick’s matters prevented this. When at University In his later years, he became Warden for chapel, Peel, where Leslie had been an active College Dublin earlier this year for the Yn Cheshaght Ghailckagh headquaters for member of the congregation. After the launch of the remastered native speaker several years and was honoured with the service, he was buried at Braddan cemetery, recordings, interviewers naturally wanted to Reih Bleeaney Vannannin award in the along with his wife, Ailsh. hear Manx. Leslie was very polite, however, 1990s. Only last year, he spent hours upon Let us pay our respects to a Manninagh and spoke a lot of Irish with the result that hours typing a Manx religious work written dooie, a true Manxman.

Mr Richard (Dick) Radcliffe T Dick died peacefully on the morning of Thursday 14th October 2004 in his 84th year and our hearts go out in sorrow and sympathy to his widow and children who have suffered a great loss. He was buried at Malew cemetery after a funeral service at Arbory Street Methodist Church, Castletown, attended by many relatives, friends and neighbours. Although Dick wasn’t bom on the Island (his parents were living in Whitehaven at the time), he was a true Manxman indeed and he loved the Island and its language. His family returned to the Island when he was three or four and they settled in Ramsey, where he spent his youth like many boys, playing football, gathering birds’ eggs and walking the hills, a place he loved. He was a sailor in the English Royal Navy, sailing the high seas in destroyers as a gunner. He took his Manx bible with him and it was there, while not on watch, that he began reading and learning Manx, a lifelong love to him At the end of the war, he came back to the Island to his old job in a bank. In the sixties, Dick gained promotion and had to move to Castletown - a new house but more than that, a bigger garden! He was a terrific gardener and he enjoyed growing and exhibiting chrysanthemums, and he won many awards for his beautiful flowers. Above all, he was well known for his sincerity, kindness and hospitality. His door was always open to anyone who wanted help, advice or a chat. We who love the language will keep him in tender memory, for the kindness and charity he gave to us in helping us to speak our mother tongue and, for my own part, for the pleasant hours spent in his home.

Sleep peacefully good friend, and God’s peace be with you. Mark Kermode 1.2 That the Archbishop of Canterbury should acknowledge on behalf of the Church of England its part in provoking and suppressing the 1549 Prayer Book Celtica Uprising. 1.3 That the Archbishop should make a statement of regret on behalf of the Church of England for all it has done AGM 2004 since 1549 and continues to do to This year’s AGM took place on the 16th suppress Cornwall’s national identity, October 2004 in Perranporth, Cornwall. political freedom, language and culture. The following resolutions were adopted for progress by the branches.

Alba GOD SAVE THE QUEEN This AGM proposes that we liaise with the Unrepresented Nations of People TO BECOME SUBJECT Organisation (UNPO) with a view to OF RACIAL membership of the Celtic League. This AGM requests that the International EQUALITY COMPLAINT Olympic Committee hereby recognises the A Perthshire man is promising to make a legitimate right of the ancient Celtic nations complaint to the Commission for Racial (Alba / Scotland, Breizh / Britanny, Cymru / Equality the next time he hears God Save the Wales, Kemow / Cornwall, Marinin / Isle of Queen played. Man) and in doing so proscribe the false, Mark Hirst, 35, of Abernethy, a public relations executive, said he had already non-nations of Britain and France from contacted the commission for advice and participation. intended to report a racist incident next time he hears the anthem. Sua Bowen, Breizh Mr Hirst, who is not a member of any Secretary, Kernow Branch political party, said: “ I have long been This AGM calls on the French government bewildered that God Save the Queen, with its for the reunification of a Brittany of 5 openly racist and anti-Scottish lyrics, has not departments as it was before World War II led to prosecution by the authorities. without any opposition to connections with restored and cross border bodies fully “While Flower of Scotland simply asks the other Atlantic regions. implemented. English to have a wee think to themselves, God Save the Queen wallows in the crushing’ of our This AGM congratulates Stadas on its rebellious ancestors.'1 This AGM calls on the French government He said the commission advised him to make to employ more Breton language teachers successful campaign to get the Irish an official complaint the next time he heard the because there is more and more demand. government to ask for full EU working song played. language status for Irish. We call on the EU Mr Hirst does not intend to scour events Cymru Council of Ministers and the EU schedules and TV listings in the hope of finding Commission to grant the request of the Irish some place where he will hear it soon, but The AGM notes the decision of Cymuned to government for full EU working language insists he will report an incident the next time he chances upon the anthem. adopt a strategy of trying to win recognition status for Irish and to expedite its He added: “As for my preference to the of the Bro Gymraeg as an entity in order to implementation. preserve Welsh as a naturally spoken Scottish national anthem, I think Flower of Scotland is a fine tune with inspiring lyrics, and community language. The AGM endorses This AGM demands that the Irish long before the chattering middle classes this direction. Government stop its collusion with the US in started organising focus groups and petitioning the Iraq war in its illegal granting of the use the parliament, it was accepted and embraced Eire of Shannon Airport for transfer of US by the people as our rightful anthem. “Had it not been for the preference of Scots This AGM calls on the new Minister of military personnel and material. We call for to sing Flower of Scotland as their anthem Education, Mary Hanifin, TD, to reverse the proper maintenance of Ireland’s these last few decades, we might still be Dept, of Education and Science policies neutrality. droning along to the tune which celebrates our which are curbing the expansion of defeat and humiliation at the hands of our Gaelscoileanna in the Republic. In particular The Celtic League deplores what has English conqueror." we call for an end to the ridiculous policy of happened in the recent past in the six Mr Hirst also described it as ironic that the British anthem’s lyrics were written to celebrate stating that demand for new schools must be counties of the North of Ireland in regard to the defeat of the Jacobites. accommodated in existing Gaelscoileanna, collusion between Westminster State He said the tune was an old Jacobite one, when they are in fact full and have little security forces and loyalist paramilitaries. with the lyrics changed to suit the political room for recreation let alone any totally This AGM calls for an immediate agenda of the day. disruptive expansion. We also call for a independent international inquiry into the The third verse in full change to the date requirement for London Government’s collusion in murders Lord grant that Marshal Wade committed there in the past. application for new Gaelscoileanna from May by thy mighty aid September to December. Victory bring. Kernow May he sedition hush. This AGM calls on the Irish and British 1.1 That the Church of England in Cornwall And like a torrent rush, governments to ensure that the Good Friday should be disestablished to create a new Rebellious Scots to crush. agreement in the North is maintained and province of the Church of England - a God save the King/Queen! implemented. The Assembly must be Church of Cornwall. to this group can be requested by either governmental bodies or individuals. The O’ Keeffe Mediation: this method has been used in many of the Holocaust situations where it Chalice Campaign avoids legal problems, concentrating instead on moral/ethical issues and aspects. The “ Report on the Spoliation Advisory Panel in In the Spring issue of Cam I wrote about the knowledge or belief of the purchaser is Respect of a Painting Now in the Possession the efforts of certain members of the Clann 0 irrelevant. Purchasers, including those who of the Tate Gallery” illustrates the work of that Caoimh (O’Keeffe) to have an Ecclesiastical purchase in good faith from a legitimate body - it can be found on the web site of the chalice of ours returned from its present dealer may be sued in English Law. In Department of Culture, Media and Sport abode, the Victoria and Albert Museum in addition, the principle of Caveat Emptor, (U.K.) London, to a similar facility (such as the Cork cautions the buyer that there can be no title The Irish Government can make an Public Museum ) in the Irish Republic. The from a thief; the thief does not have the right application to the Intergovernmental chalice in question - now known as the to pass on title of stolen goods. Therefore Committee for the Return of Cultural ‘Mount Keeffe Chalice’ - dates from 1590, one who purchases goods from a thief has no Property to its Countries of Origin, or its making it one of the oldest Irish Ecclesiatical greater title to those goods than did the thief, Restitution in Case of Illicit Appropriation chalices. During the period of the Penal Laws and cannot legitimately pass title to any future situated in UNESCO. This however is more of the chalice was stolen from the O’Keeffe’s by purchaser. Now although this seems a last resort as it is painting the British members of the English Army who also straightforward to the layperson, it seems that Government into a corner. It is preferable to murdered two priests in their efforts to it is not so simple, ... especially when it first negotiate and, if necessary, mediate. To secure it. comes to the recovery of pieces now ‘owned’ sum, even though a museum may - A year ago, after consulting with other by British museums. In fact, the British have according to the laws of their nation - have O’Keeffes, I wrote to the V & A, informed enacted a number of laws whose sole ‘good title’ to an artefact, they will want to them of the chalice’s history, and requested purpose is to provide a ‘shield’ for museums return it both because of the adverse that they voluntarily return the chalice to a to protect them from just such claims. publicity and the circumstances in which it suitable museum in Ireland. The response I The news is now all bad, however, as there was taken. received was, as one might expect, are a number of other options available: While seeking opinion from counsel, I also dismissive of any claim to ownership on our First and foremost, counsel advises that the received a bit of fascinating news from the part, but - surprisingly! - they did not contest British are terrified of such claims at the Office of Mr. John O’Donoghue, T.D., the allegations of the theft ( in fact they freely moment - they do not want precedents Minister of Arts, Sport and Tourism whom I admitted being acquainted with the details). reported in the newspapers! Thus, a had contacted requesting assistance. Mr. I subsequently sought a legal opinion from representative - and this can be done by an O’Donoghue’s office informed me that they two internationally acknowledged experts - individual parliamentarian - of the Irish had broached the matter with the National one of whom is British - whose work is government could contact either the Director Museum of Ireland (who reportedly enjoys primarily claims of restitution, usually of art or Board of trustees of the V & A to present positive relations with the V & A ); the National works stolen by the Nazis. English Law is the arguments for the return of the chalice. Museum subsequently attempted to raise the quite clear on the matter of stolen property: This would likely receive considerable issue of the chalice with the Victoria and anyone buying or selling property without the attention. Albert Museum on a number of occasions, permission of the original legal owner is liable A second course would be to address a but the V & A failed to respond to their to the original owner for the tort of British Working Group on the matter of enquiries (?)! This suggests that the V & A are conversion. This is a tort of strict liability, i.e.: Sacred Objects. Permission to give evidence beginning to worry about the matter, but that they remain entrenched - ostrich fashion - in their tenuous claim to title. I have since written to Mr. O’Donoghue, to THE CAT IS OUT OF THE BAG! Stella Cherry of the Cork Public Museum, to The Economist has recently undertaken fact is, Wales can't afford to stay Mr. Michael O’Keeffe of the Cork Historical a broad based research on the best dependent on decaying and morally and Archaeological Society, and to Mr. countries to live in examining a range bankrupt leftovers of the British Empire. Patrick Wallace of the National Museum of of factors including security, sense of And as for those fanatics that have Ireland advising them of our position and the community, and general happiness. The declared that an 'independent' Wales advice of counsel. It remains to be seen how Irish Republic came out as the best must remained locked into the EU come committed the Irish Government is to protecting and conserving our Gaelic place to live in the world. The UK came what may, they may want to take note Heritage and culturally sacred objects, but it on the bottom of the European league that the second and third best countries can only help to have interested parties write along with the other big states of to live in are little Switzerland and little and express their support of having the France and Germany. Norway, the only two Western European chalice returned! Mr. O’Donoghue can be Not long ago when the 26 Irish counties countries NOT in the Union. reached at: Department of Art, Sport, and that now form the Republic were part The message is clear. Small republics fare Tourism, 23 Kildare St. Dublin 2 and of the UK they were among the most much better than big centralised states. Frederick Buildings, South Frederick St. impoverished areas of Europe. It is a sad This confirms the principle that the Dublin 2. The reference # is 035716. It fact that those Celtic nations still under further removed government is from the would also be helpful to contact the the grip of the UK still remain so far left people, the more the people will suffer. Archbishop of Ireland, Sean Brady c/o Ara behind locked into stifling bureaucracy Small is not just beautiful. Small is strong. Coeli, Armagh, BT61 7QY. and poverty (in Wales 1/3 of children Gweriniaeth Cymru am byth! Those interested in further details may also live in poverty, 10,000 and growing contact me directly via e-mail at: homeless people). Simon Gruffydd Foster [email protected] The UK elite say Wales can't afford to Cadeirydd , Cymru Rydd/ 'go alone'. The result of this research The Welsh Republican Party Tadhg Caoimh in O Caoimh/ Timothy has now exposed this monstrous lie. The Kevin O’ Keeffe Society for the Protection of Birds, not The Chough - least because they felt that the reasons for the chough’s extinction were not fully known and, it was claimed, had not been an Avian Link between corrected. As a Celt, the extinction of the chough in Kernow concerned me for many years. I the Celtic Nations have always been very interested in wildlife, and one of the animal books that The Celtic League journal Carn Is In this part of Mannin where some of the I had as a young boy contained a subtitled A link between the Celtic last of the old generation of Native photograph of 2 young choughs on a cliff Nations, because the word “Carn" Speakers of our language lived in the in Kernow, but the last Cornish chough occurs In all of the 6 Celtic languages. As twentieth century, including Ned died in 1973, when I was 15. Much of the a Manxman who has watched choughs Maddrell himself. Coincidentally, in the research on the ecology of the species for almost all of his life, I would like to same way that the census of the human during the last 30 years or so has suggest that this bird is also a link population in 2001 found a higher concerned the effects of changes of between the Celtic nations, as It occurs number than for many years of people agriculture. Grazing by livestock and In all of the Celtic countries. who professed an understanding of the rabbits Is very important, but so is some For those who are not familiar with the Manx language, a census of the chough arable farming, like grass and grain chough, either In the wild or on the population in 2002 found 426 birds growing. Stubble and newly mown grass Cornish coat-of-arms, It Is a crow with (including 150 breeding pairs) in Mannin, fields often attract large flocks of glossy black plumage and striking red likely to be the largest population since at choughs in areas where there is a legs and bill. It Is about the same size as least the mid 19th century. sizeable population. The importance of the much more numerous and In Alba, the chough is now restricted to mixed agriculture is probably best widespread jackdaw. Unlike other just two of the Inner Hebrides, Islay and illustrated In the far S.W . of Mannin by the species of crow, such as the magpie and Colonsay, except for one pair that nests two farms of Cregneash (Church Farm) raven, the diet of the chough consists in G allo w ay. It is thought that the and Shennvalley (Sound Farm). With all mostly of Insects and other Invertebrates. Galloway choughs went there from due respect to Manx National Heritage, It Is particularly spectacular when flying, Mannin, thereby providing a link between Shennvalley has almost always attracted both when soaring with wing feathers the two countries. Single pairs also the largest numbers of choughs of any spread out like fingers and when nested on Jura and Mull until recently. farm In Mannin, including the best ever swooping down with closed wings to Its The population of choughs in Alba is now spring count, 86 on 22nd May this year. nesting and feeding sites. A sociable about 80 pairs. Choughs are more This was not just an isolated event; the bird, It seems to do best In areas where widespread in Cymru, with at least 200 area Is consistently good for choughs. there are lots of other choughs around to pairs, but most breed in the west. Another factor that contributed to the join In flocks for flying, feeding and Likewise, although there were more than decline and eventual extinction of the roosting. Its name in the Gaelic 900 pairs In Eire In 1992, they were found Cornish chough was persecution by man. languages Is onomatopoeic. Thus, in mostly In the west, especially In Cork, The concentration on agricultural Manx It Is called caaig. The English name Kerry and Donegal. I do not have an up- changes seems to have underestimated is not onomatopoeic, but a Cornlshman to-date figure for Brelzh, but there were the effects of the collection of eggs and once told me that he had heard the name fewer than 40 pairs in 1988, and most of chicks, and the killing of adult birds. In “chough” pronounced like “chaw.” those were In the far west, except for Mannin, a decrease in the chough The Celtic League’s definition of a Celtic som e on Belle lie. population in the mid 19th century was nation Is one which has a living Celtic As a Manx enthusiast for the chough, I preceded by the likes of the visit by one language. How can I claim the chough as like to point out that the sp e cie s o ccu rs in Sir William Jardine in 1827, who wrote of a Celtic bird? Although the species is a higher population density In Mannin acquiring “nearly thirty specimens in a fairly widespread In mountains in than In any other country In Europe forenoon.” Reading The Cornish Chough, southern Europe, especially Spain, as far (except for Andorra). However, I am it is clear that egg collectors from as north western Europe Is concerned It happy to concede that the strongest England must take some of the blame for only breeds In the 6 Celtic countries. historical and traditional link with the the extinction of the Cornish chough, There Is no other species of bird which species Is with Kernow. That said, when I offering Cornishmen what must have has a range like that. As examples, the wrote about the chough In Dhooraght a seemed like large sums of money to risk two birds flanking the Manx Government few years ago, I lamented the fact that it their lives taking clutches of eggs from heraldic shield are the raven and the was extinct In that country. On a visit to the caves, fissures and mines where the peregrine falcon. The raven nests In the 6 Kernow In 1 9 8 2 ,1 bought a fine little book nests were placed. Fortunately, Celtic countries, but also In all the other by T.O. Darke called The Cornish humanity’s attitude towards our fellow countries of north western Europe except Chough, published by D. Bradford Barton creatures has improved greatly since the Luxembourg. The peregrine falcon Is, I Ltd. of Truro. In It, Mr Darke described days of Sir William Jardine and his like, believe, extinct In Brelzh. It breeds In the the history of the chough In the country, but some persecution of choughs still other 5 Celtic countries, but also In parts the disappearance from the south coast taken place. With the increased numbers of England and Scandinavia. In the 19th century, the eventual of choughs in Mannin, some are nesting Even within some of the Individual Celtic extinction In the north, reasons for the in places that are much more accessible countries, the chough Is concentrated In decline and prospects for a return of the to people, resulting in an increased risk of what might be regarded as being some species to Kernow, which he regretted accidental disturbance. However, some of the most traditionally Celtic areas. were nil. However, even at the time of my pairs of choughs are very resilient to quite Thus, although choughs are found trip to Kernow, Paradise Park in Hayle high levels of human activity near their almost all round the rocky coasts of had been working for several years nests, with the females sitting tight on the Mannln, they are especially concentrated towards releasing choughs that they had eggs, for example. In the far south west, where more than bred in aviaries. This scheme was not I visited in Kernow in 1982, and stayed in 40% of the breeding population occupies supported by the ornithological Tregowris, near St Keverne. One day, I less than 3% of the Island's area. It was establishment, including the Royal went for a very long walk, south to Carrick Luz, then along the coast to Cadgwlth, the Lizard and Predannack, FAREWELL TO AN UNREPENTANT FENIAN with a long treck across Goonhilly Downs and back to Tregowris. Subsequently, I By Margaret Sexton-McGrath commented that the coast between the Lizard and Predannack looked suitable A few years ago, I attended the Michael for choughs, but a reply that I received Flannery Dinner/Dance in New York City. from friends with connections in Kernow When I went to the dinner I was pleased to was that the area was too busy with see a lot of people who I had read about in people. This view was also held by the Irish papers. Appropriately it was held in organisations who were concerned with the Killishendra Room. Murals abounded in choughs repopulating Kernow, including the room of the Irish Revolutionaries, in English Nature (sic) and the R.S.P.B.; the particular Michael Flannery. I was Lizard area was not suitable. introduced to George Harrison and engaged Operation Chough, based at Paradise him in conversation about so many topics. Park in Hayle, planned to release some During the evening I heard from other guests choughs Into the wild In Kernow in 2001, about George and was amazed at not only the but this was postponed because of people I was meeting but the stories I was access restrictions aimed at reducing the hearing. I felt extremely lucky to be there risk of the spread of Foot and Mouth that evening with living Irish history and to D isease In farm anim als. However, in have met him again over the years. He passed spring 2001, 5 choughs turned up out of away at his home in Brooklyn, New York on Ruairi Ó Brádaigh RSF President the blue In Kernow, and stayed. A pair October 6, 2004. The upcoming 2005 “George Harrison who has died in New York has since bred successfully in the Lizard Michael Flannery Awards will pay tribute to was Patron of Republican Sinn Fein since area, In 2002, 2003 and 2004. With the George and his life crusade for those 1994. A native of Shammer, Kilkelly, Co breeding population consisting of just oppressed both Celtic and non-Celtic. Mayo, he was a veteran of the East Mayo one pair, and little prospect of other birds Here are some other reminiscences of the Battalion IRA. arriving from outside Kernow, Operation people I met: He emigrated to the USA in 1938 and from Chough took the controversal decision of then on he was a life - long Irish American releasing a group of 6 choughs in the Bernadette Devlin McAliskey activist and an active supporter of interna­ west of Kernow In August 2003. I met George the very first time I went to tional liberation stmggles. Unfortunately, 3 of them have since died. America, in 1969 ‘straight from the ‘Bogside In 1982 along with the late Michael Flannery However, I look forward to the day when front-line.’ I met a lot of people then, and and three others he was acquitted in an the future of the chough in Kernow is thereafter, hut there remains a small core of American court on a charge of supplying secure. stalwarts, who have been my friends and arms to the IRA. Although we now have choughs back in compatriots ever since that momentous trip; George was in his ninetieth year and his Kernow and, therefore, all 6 Celtic foremost amongst these, were my two great passing leaves a huge gap in the ranks of countries, the species has long been mentors Paul O’Dywer and George Harrison, Irish American supporters of the Republican extinct in some other countries. Thus, both gone from us now. Movement in Ireland. during the 19th and early 20th centuries You will each, today, be paying tribute and choughs became extinct In England, the sharing memories of George’s unique contri­ Leaba I mease na bhFinini go raibh aige. ” Channel Islands, Austria and Tunisia. bution to all our lives, his political commit­ Brian Mor O Baoighill, Cuntann Na There are now probably few er choughs in Saoirse Náisiúnta Portugal than in Mannln; indeed, Rushen ment and principle, his personal generosity, The National Irish Freedom Committee - parish has more choughs than Albania or and his lifelong involvement in the struggle (Cumann na Saoirse Náisiúnta) joins with all Switzerland. Because of population for a better world for human beings to five in. true Republicans in Ireland, Scotland, decreases and extinctions In many Loyalty, reliability and discretion were the England and throughout the world to mourn European countries, there have been a hallmarks of this old soldier. lot of research and Initiatives into George Harrison was above all other things a the passing of a lifelong Irish Republican and conserving choughs In the Celtic modest, quiet man. Even in the prime of his Eternal Fenian, George Harrison of countries and, also, Spain and Italy. youth, a stranger passing him in the street, Brooklyn, New York, New Hampshire and Without trying to be too controversal, would have no hint, no signal, no reason to the County Mayo. work by the Scottish Chough Study suspect that this was an uncompromising We empathize with his family and innumer­ Group and the Manx Chough Project radical, a committed internationalist and able friends during this time of their pro­ lead the w a y in N.W . Europe! socialist, a militant, an activist, a man whose found loss and grief at the passing of this During the time that It has taken me to every waking hour was devoted to struggle modem Irish hero. He shall be remembered write this, another Inter-Celtic connection armed or unarmed, to bring about revolution­ forever. And as we remember this dedicated involving choughs has occurred. I was on ary change in the world into which he was man, we rejoice in his long consecrated and the Calf of Man on 14th August and saw bom. meaningful life. A fife that was dedicated to two choughs that had been ringed in Only a fool like George Bush and a braggart the unification of Ireland by any and all Cymru. Two others were seen there in like Tony Blair could delude themselves that means possible. early September. All 4 had been ringed the George Harrison’s of this world can he To this end, George and a committed cadre as chicks this spring In Anglesey. There defeated by their military intelligence, satel­ of his fellow physical force Republicans has only ever been one proven record of lite surveillance, warmongering, human organized a weapons procurement pro­ a Welsh ringed chough that crossed the rights denial, and pathetic attempts to seal gramme which had three decades of success sea to Mannin, and that was found dead their borders. George Harrison, Mayo man, in supplying the Freedom Fighters of the on a beach. We could say that these 4 Irish Republican, Socialist, Internationalist Irish Republican Army with the wear with all choughs have made the crossing from Humanitarian and Labour Organiser led to sustain their campaigns. Ynys Mon to “Mona's Isle.” them all a merry dance for 70 years of adult Unfortunately, the fruits of George’s and his Allen S. Moore-Co-ordinator of the life and lived and died on his own terms. friends’ labour is now being bartered as the Manx Chough Project We shall miss him. price of admission for revisionist former Republicans to participate in British direct rule of the six occupied counties in the north Britonia: camiños novos of Ireland. Adams and his purloined posse are swapping semtex for summer homes, guns for governmental positions, and they SIMON YOUNG are cementing over arms dumps to secure List Price: €8.50 their status as second class citizens in their Paperback 167 pages (March 2002), ( 140x215 mm) Loyalist controlled state - not what George Language: Galician. ISBN: 84-95622-58-0 and his compatriots had in mind when they set about their clandestine weapons quest. We would be remiss if we didn’t mention Publisher: Editorial Toxosoutos, Serie George’s support of freedom movements Keltia. TOXOSOUTOS, is a recently worldwide. Of George it was said, “Never established Galician publishing company met a revolution he didn’t like.”, and to para­ covering medieval Galician history and phrase the old ballad, “God grant you glory, language and also Celtic studies and Galician Britonia: old George, and open heavens to all your literature. The Keltia series has very men, the cause that called you may call interesting titles dealing with the Celts in Caminos royos tomorrow in another cause for the Green Galicia as well as with the Celts in general. Si v '.iiK again.” Visit their website at www.toxosoutos.com Thomas McGrath, Celtic League American Branch About the Author: Simon Young is 3 I George Harrison was not in the street sense a years old. This young English author is now Centrist. He was not and Irish language living in Italy. He became interested in the scholar such as his fellow Irish republican early Middle Ages (400-1000) and especially Martin O’Caoer. Nonetheless, his life should the British Celts in this period at university, serve as an example to those of us who seek ten years ago. Since then he has written 3 to establish an ethnic or cultural identity that books and many articles both academic and extends beyond the borders of one particular freelance on the theme and, at the moment, country. he is in the middle of a doctorate at Florence Although bom in the small west of Ireland University where he is cataloguing «The village of Shammer, County Mayo. George Insular Peregrin!» (Columbanus and viewed the Irish people’s straggle for others). This April 2005, Wedensfield and national and cultural identity in a global Nicholson will be publishing his latest book setting. He saw parallels to the cause of «AD 500», which is a kind of travelogue Africans oppressed by the apartheid regime describing a trip around Britain and Ireland. tended to be woolly or full of folklore in South Africa. This affinity was most His interest in Britonia (the British Celtic considerations. The book is divided into clearly evidenced when David Ndaba of the colony in Spain) began many years ago when three parts. Part one looks at the traditional African National Congress testified as a an undergraduate at Cambridge. As a sources on the settlements. Part two shows character witness at his trial. freelance journalist he has written on us new sources of study. And part three is a George took great pride in detailing the role European minorities and the right of self provocative interpretation of parts one and of the IRA in the fight against fascism in determination. In 2001, he received the two of the book. It also contains a very useful Spain. He time and again expressed his uPremio Historia Medieval de Galicia» (Galicia and interesting appendix dealing with place solidarity with the Basque people in their Medieval History Prize) for his book and personal names linked to these British efforts. «Britonia: caminos novos». settlements. The history of these British George was truly as he was described by Celtic settlers in Galicia and Asturias is Ruairi O Bradaigh in a message to the fascinating. The first mention of these British Michael Flannery dinner in his honour “A Book Description: Celtic colonies is found in 572 in the acts of rebel without a pause” but never without a This book covers a subject seldom covered the second Council of Braga, stating that purpose and a goal. by Celtic scholars and little known among «Mahiloc Britonorum ecclesiae episcopus hie Those of us who wish to attain Pan-Celtic British Celts. Galicia has always claimed a gestis subscrib »which means« /, Maeloc, unity would do well to follow the Celtic past. But this Celtic past is not only bishop of the Church of the Britons signed this transnational vision of one of the sincerest pre-Roman as most people think. Like act». Some 10 place-names directly and courageous men it has been our privilege Brittany, though on a smaller scale, Galicia connected with the British Celtic colonies of to know. received British Celtic immigrants during the the Dark Ages are still to be found in Galicia Dark Ages, fleeing the « Saxon fury » as Gildas and Asturias, among them the famous told us in his «De Excidio Britanniae». «Bretona» near Mondonedo. I would like to These colonies of Britons on the shores of recommend very warmly this excellent and Ar Bed Keltiekj the north-western corner of the Iberian very interesting book which would merit an Peninsula, in what is now Galicia and Asturias English translation in order to make it On line books, records, Celtic art. i are much less well known than those in accessible to English-speaking readers. It Kemper: 02.98.95.42.82 Brittany. Few scholars have dealt with this would be also worth reading by British Celts Brest: 02.98.44.05.38 subject as few scholars have had enough and Celts in general... littp://www. arbedkeltiek.com competence in Celtic studies and also in e-bost: [email protected] Galician medieval history. Simon Young, Simon Young also hopes to publish in Ar Bed Keltiek (2 Str. Ar Bone using the works of Pierre David and English a series of articles expanding chapters Gralon, 29000 Kemper). Antonio García y Garcia was determined of this book. In fact, the firs of these has now "When phoning from abroad, to put down the basic foundations for future come out and appeared in Cambrian researchers, something that was totally omit the 0 in the prefix. Medieval Celtic Studies in 2003 »The lacking in studies up to that time, studies that Bishops of Britonia«. Rebuilding the Celtic Languages / Diarmuid Ö Neill Membership First comprehensive attempt to apply the and Fishman GIDS scale to the Celtic languages Rebuilding The aim is not only to explore the | Subscriptions strengthening of existing Celtic language the Celtic communities and Celtic-speaking networks Language!» | All those who agree with the constitution in the six Celtic countries but also to explore j and aims of the Celtic League are eligible how the Celtic languages can be | for membership. The membership fee re-established on a much wider scale than is J (including Cam) and subscription rates presently the case. i are: Stg£12; €20; US$30.00 (US funds, Edited by Canadian Diarmuid O Neill and i cheques drawn on a US bank). Europe: includes contributions by prominent Celtic i Stg.£15 (airmail); Outside Europe: | Stg.£18.00 (airmail). sociolinguists including Colin Williams, Marcel Texier, Pawl Birt, Kenneth Revrryng LangiMgf Vi itl | For information about the Celtic MacKinnon and Brian Stowell. Foreward by PO thf W in t ;fv 1 League contact secretaries: Joshua Fishman. This book will be available for sale in the Celtic countries in new year, in the Di4mwk) 0 Ni-iC | ALBA. Iain Ramsay, 22 Denholme meantime it can be purchased from >1» —Iff Vwfrud *m. Gardens, Greenock, PA16 6RF, Y Lolfa’s Online Shop for £19.95 at ^ %v Ju ■ * Scotland http://www.ylolfa.com | BREIZH Jakez Derouet, 10 Verouri- Nevez, 29700 Ploveilh (Plomelin), Breizh/Brittany. | CYMRU Robat ap Tomos, 11 Heol International American Gordon, Y Rhath, Caerdydd, CF2 3AJ. | EIRE Padraigin Mylevreeshey 33 Ceide Branch na Grianoige, Rath Ctiil, Co. Atha ‘Brancft j Cliath. Internet Site | KERNOW Sue Bowen, Venten Lynnow, Internet Site j Trevalgar, Bos Castle, TL35 ORG. http://homepages.ente rprise.net/mlockerby | MANNIN Cristl Jerry, 6 Glenfaba Road, Email: International Branch Secretary Peel. Tel: UK (0) 1624 843869. | ENGLAND BRANCH Florence Kenna, [email protected] www.celticleague.org 72 Compton Street, London, EC1V 0BN. | USA Margaret Sexton, c/o P.O. Box 20153, Dag Hammarshjold Postal Centre, New York, NY 10017. | INTERNATIONAL BRANCH Mark Lockerby, 12 Magherdonnag, Pony Fields, Port Erin, IM9 6BY, Isle of Man.

! GENERAL SECRETARY & P.R.O. Bernard Moffatt, 11 Cleiy Rhennee, Kirk Michael, Mannin. Tel - UK (0) 1624 877918

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i Articles for Carn should sent on disk i preferably in Microsoft Word or e-mailed ! to the Editor i Material for the next issue of Carn should Celtic League | ceLtic league j i reach the Editor no later than 1st February i 2005. Articles sent for publication in Carn interznet site j pRess | i must relate to our aims. All materials i copyright © Carn unless otherwise stated, http://www.manxman.co.im/cleague/ r e le a s e s | j i The views expressed in Carn are not E-mail General Secretary: Those who would like Celtic League press i necessarily those of the editor or of the [email protected] releases via Electronic Mail can subscribe i Celtic League. (free of charge) to the mailing list at: E-mail Assistant G.S. ISSN 0257-7860 [email protected] http://groups.yahoo.com/group/celticJeague j L...... No. 130 Summer 2005 €3.00 Stg£2.50

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ALBA: COMANN CEILTEACH • BREIZH: KEVRE KELTIEK • CYM RU: UNDEB CELTAIDD • EIRE: CONRADH CEILTEACH • KERNOW: KESUNYANS KELTEK • MANNIN: COMMEEYS CELTIAGH of our language in another tongue it. Should he referred to as ‘Scottish' as it was rill the middle o f the sixteenth century, so, ‘Bheil Gaidhlig a gad?' should he "Do you speak «3 Albar <3 Scottish'?' English itself only survived when French was dropped as the language of IL I teaching in favour of teaching through English in every school in English. w Gilleasbuig MacMhuirich TEAGAISG TRE GÀIDHLIG... Gilleasbuig Lachlainn ‘Illeasbuig

Sa biiliana 1872 thiiinig Achd an Magyar, agus a ilhùthaich aca, Fhoghlaim a-mach on Pharlaniaid Magyarorszàg. Le sin nuair a dia sinn a' New Shasunnach trig Wcslminsiir agus leis a sin hruidhinn mu dheighinn sa Bheurla feu­ rinn iad geurleanmhuinn air ar canain ‘s ar maidh sinn ag ràdh "Scottish" agus a* bruid­ Conversational cebl. Mhair c fad corr is ceud bliadhna. hinn san Fhraingis "Ecossais". Dhuin iad gacb sgoil a' teagasg tre na Gun teagainh bhiodh sinn a’ leagasg na Gaelic Courses Gaidhlig. Cuideachd. chuir iad unniagh no Beurla (Shasannach no Ghallda) ach tre na fine irom air na paranutn nacb robh a' cur a' Gàidhlig agus a h-uile cuspaii eile tre na CNSA, The Gaelic Pre-school chlann aca don sgoil tean seo far a bha tea­ Gaidhlig; Na di-ehuimhnich, chan eil Council are wishing to set up an gasg tie na Beurla Shasunnach! dùthaich feadh na Roinn Eorpa uile gu léir entirely new Gaelic language Taing don Ni Math, Ihuair sinn ar far a bheil iad a" teagasg tre na Beurla. Bhon learning course in the Edinburgh Parlamaid Albannach .aig deireadh an nach eil sinn nar Sasunnach, eha bu choir area; this will be the first venture of fhiccadamh linn agus rinn i Achd air sgath dhuinn teagasg no ionnsachadh tre na this type and should prove to be a na Gaidhlig. Chi sinn gum bheil an damn Beurla. most interesting and stimulating Achd fcumail a bhi cinnlcach gum bi tea­ De mu dheighinn a Bheurla Shasunnach i experience for all those involved. gasg tre na Gaidhlig. fhéin? Ali deidh an Ceannsachadh 1066 bha The unique aspect of this course is an Fhraingis ag ¡thè a" Bheuria Shasannach that it will bring a complete beginner in the language, to a conversational Seo agaihh nithean feumctil aims an mar a tha a Bheurla ag itile ar cànain level in 200 hours or less, rather tlam a Achd Gaidhlig...... Gàidhlig againn fhéin. than the 2000 plus hours it Sgirean far a bheil a' mhbrchuid at bruid- Sa hhliudhna 1332 bha / Achd na presently takes to reach a similar hinn na Gaidhlig gu itheanta. mar sna h- Pàrlamaid Shasunnach ag ràdh feumaidh level of fluency. Eileanan an lar. An t-Eilcan Sgithcanach gacli leanabh ag sgoil a bhi ag ionnsachadh The Gaelic language learning lie. sgirean air an Tir-mor agus mar sin. na Fhraingis. Ach. a dh'aithghcarr thàinig course is centred round the home alharrachadh ro mhór. Cóig hliadhnaich ean Feumaidh a h-uile leanaban sgoil fhaighinn and the activities found within this teagaisg ire na Gaidhlig agus croileagan gu as deidh sin. sa bhliadhna 1337. thòisich an environment. Furthermore, the leoir. Thairis air Behead bliadhna bhiodh Cogaidh Ceud Bliadhna eadar Sassun is Alt course is activity and action based, gach fear-comhairle. am poileas agus luchd Fhraing. Leis a sin. dh'fhas fualh ro mhór an therefore, there will be absolutely no nan cuirtean-lagha lileanta sa Giudlilig. aghaidh gach md Frangach, gu h-araidh an reading, writing, grammar or Ann an aite sam hilh feadh Alha bhiodh cànain Frangach. translation undertaken by students. tuilleadh airgead agus luchd-teagaisg An sin hha teagasg stia sgolltean o cliean Freedom from these tasks, Gaidhlig ri fhaighinn gus an robh a h-uile gu ceann sa Chòrn tre Còirnis agus chaidli guarantees to boost confidence in leanabh is mu dheireadh dial I gach Iain Travisa à Crocadon. St Mellion.A one’s own language learning ability: inbheach /adult lileanta. Chòrn thairis air an Tamar a steach do be a remarkably stress free Ma bhios sinn air lorg cosg a' cnuasachadh Shasunn a’ dol don Oilthigh Oxford. San experience, while at the same time, /considering 11a bhiodh fcumail ...a-measg àile sin nochd e na Sasunnaich guni allowing a student to make speedy priomh neaeh-hitearhaiill'» arm ail A.sliailia -h'ilieudar dliaibli teagaisg tre na Beurla progress in acquiring a Gaelic agus Ameireagaidh mu Thuath. na Maoris. Shasunnach no bhiodh an cànain cho marbh fluency. Hence the significantly Quebec. Catalonia, na Faroes, Gwyneth sa ri sgadaln. Trevisa agus Richard Pcncrych shortened learning period of the Chuimrigh agus Israel. agus fcadhainn eile às A' Chòrn. bha iad a' course. Chan eil e cho neonach gum hi croileagan teagasg oileanaich a bha ag ionnsachadh There is however; one condition anns gach bite agus teagasg tre na Gaidhlig teagaisg sa Bheurla. Leis a sin sa bhliadhna that all potential students have to a-mhain bhon a lha iad a' teagasg tre Poilis 1383 bha a h-uile sgoil gramair feadh meet - they must attend a Student a-mhain feadh A’ Pholainn is Ungairis sasunn a' diùlladli na Fraingis agus al tea­ Information Meeting, prior to joining feadh I Ingaraidh agus mar sin air adhart. gasg tre "n Bheurla. "Air an aobhar sin. bha a course. This is an essential step, De mu dheighin ainm na ciinain againn a" Bheurla buadhach. inasmuch as it outlines exactly what nuair a bhiodh sinn a’bruiohinn canain cile? Tiligidli gach Sciceach/Czech agite Pòlach will occur while explaining what Gu meadhan an t-siathumh linn deug agus nani biodh Gearmailt cànain teagasg sna both a tutor and student can expect neach a' bruidhinn sa Beurla Shasunnach diithchannan aca bhiodh at dol a dholaidh on the course. no Ghailda bhiodh sinn ag radii "Scottish' mar a tha ar cànain far a bheil teagasg tre na If you are interested in becoming a mar. "Do you speak Scottish?" Chi sinn Beurla. student or if you have a Gaelic naimhdeas aig an am sin eadar Dunbar agus fluency already, why not consider an Gaidheal. Kennedy, sa bhardacho SUMMÀRY becoming a tutor. Either way please Ghailda d'am b’ainm...'The fly ting of The rnost important as fa r as our htnguage contact Stuart on +0131-667-4924 Dunbar and Kennedie'. is tluit Gaelic he thè only Umguage rhrough or CN SA on 01463-225469. Nuair a ilia duine a" bruidhinn Ungairis. which all leaching is conducted and this he Finlay Macleoid dc facal aca air son a' chanain aca, ach fa r eveey child in Scoila ini. WIten ire speak Naidheachdan Mill a h-Uile Gàidhlig Rud Signage A new report commissioned by the Scottish Executive, “Review of First Gaelic Language Bill: Gaelic education Impressions of Scotland: Report to The Gaelic Language (Scotland) Bill was Gaelic medium education continues to Ministers” recommends that bilingual passed unanimously hy the Scottish grow according to newly released figures. welcome signs should be erected at Parliament on 2 1 April thus making Gaelic There were 2953 children in Gaelic main points of entry to the country such as major ports, airports and railway an official language of Scotland. The medium education at nursery, primary and stations where appropriate. According preamble of the bill reads as follows: secondary level in 2004/05. This to the study, bilingual signage would represents an increase of 64 pupils over "An Act of the Scottish Parliament to show tourists and other travelers that establish a body having functions the previous academic year. As can be they are entering a unique country with exercisable with a view to securing (he seen from the figures, however, the pace a strong heritage. The Executive have status of the Gaelic language as an official of growth is very slow. For example, only agreed that they will encourage the language of Scotland commanding equal 9 more children entered Gaelic nursery development of such signs. It is unclear respect to the English language, including and only 14 more joined primary one in at this stage, however, how many the functions of preparing a national 2004/5 than in the previous year. Studies bilingual signs erected, where and what Gaelic language plan, of requiring certain have shown that there is a net loss of format they will take. Highland Council have also produced public authorities to prepare and publish around 750 Gaelic speakers each year and a new Gaelic language scheme which Gaelic language plans in connection with it is clear that a significant expansion of encourages bilingual road signs, street Gaelic medium education will be needed it the exercise of their functions and to signs and signs on council buildings and maintain and implement such plans, and of if is to plug this gap. One of the key factors schools throughout the council area. issuing guidance in relation to Gaelic currently holding back the development of While the overall signage policy has education." GME is a severe teacher shortage. The been strengthened, however, any of the In other words, the bill recognises Gaelic Scottish Executive has responded to this 8 local area committees of the council as an official language with equal respect with a task force which is to report back on may opt-out of Gaelic signage if they to English and establishes the Gaelic ways of increase teacher supply. feel that the cultural history of the area development agency Bòrd na Gàidhlig in has “less of a Gaelic base”. To date, Churches support Gaelic Caithness and Sutherland have voted law. It also obliges the Bòrd to draw up a In their annual general assemblies, the against Gaelic signs and the Inverness national Gaelic language plan and gives Church of Scotland and Free Church of Area Committee have made it clear that them the power to require public bodies in Scotland have both discussed Gaelic they only wish to see Gaelic signs in the Scotland to draw up Gaelic language plans issues. The Church of Scotland passed a city centre. There are also signs that the and to issue guidance to local authorities resolution welcoming the Gaelic Act. Nairn area may opt out of Gaelic about Gaelic education. signage. These decisions and the encouraging an expansion of Gaelic absence of an overarching strategy broadcasting and committing the church to The text of the bill is available at: have left a very uneven situation with exploring ways to increase its use of http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/ regards to Gaelic signage in the Gaelic. The Free Church general assembly business/bills/billslnProgress/gaelic Highlands. This has been compounded reported that it was working alongside by the Scottish Executive’s continued Language.htm Comhairle nan Hi lean Siar (the local refusal to allow the erection of Gaelic The text of the debate on the hill is avail­ authority serving the Western Isles) in signs on the A9, the main trunk road in able at: order to produce Gaelic religious and the Highlands, www.millahuilerud.coni http://www.scottisli.parIianient.uk/ moral education materials for schools. It business/olììciaiReports/nieefmgs has also been announced that the Warner ParliaineiilA>r-()5/sor0421 -02.litui Brothers' Jesus film has been translated #C'ol 16317 into Gaelic. Since released in 1979. this Interested, in Gaelic? film has been translated into nearly 900 Make it part of your New research languages. The position of Scottish Gaelic is future too... Gaelic punk weakening significantly in both rural and The first ever punk CD in Gaelic has been urban strongholds according to two newly released by Mill a h-Uile Rud. a Skye released research papers which Cli Gàidhlig based band composed of fluent Gaelic investigated the position of the language in learners from the US. The band have the Western Isles and Edinburgh. Both Quote this publication fo recently completed a European tour along studies found evidence of declining use in free info pack from: with veteran Edinburgh punk band Qi the family and community and very low Polloi who have also begun performing Cli, North Tower, levels of intergeneralional transmission. some material in Gaelic. Apart from pop- The Castle, Inverness, rock band Runrig. these are the only two IV2 3EE Scotland Western Isles study: bands currently performing contemporary wvvw.planacanaiii.org.uk/eiiglish.him + 44 ( 0)1463 226710 music through the medium of Gaelic. Edinburgh study: www:cli.org.uk Email: [email protected] www.arts.ed.ac.uk/celtie/poileasaidh llllt'ani MacCaluim SNG Gains in Westminster Election

Shortly after the final results were declared "In the vast majority of seats across the for the May General Election. SNP Leader country we've seen a dear swing in the vote Alex Salmond hailed the resounding success front Labour to the SNP. which sets a firm of the party's election campaign. Mr foundation for the Scottish election in 2007. Salmond also congratulated his fellow SNP With this kind of progress tonight the SNP parliamentarians for their success in the are in great shape to lake over from the fail­ polls, and looked forward to the 2007 ing Labour and Liberal Executive in Scottish election. The SNP met its target of 6 Holyrood in two years time. seats in the election, taking new seats from "We also have a team of MPs who can Labour in Scotland in a General Election for make Scotland matter in Westminster, who the first time since 1974. can build on the success of the last Mr Salmond said: “After tonight's tremen­ Parliament and argue the case for a better dous results, the SNP has made real progress future for this country and its people. We can Newcomer. Angus MaeNeil. one of the six. in this election. We now have "Scotland's now look forward with confidence to the regained the Western Isles seat from Labour Super Six' representing Scotland at prospect of an SNP victory in 2007 when for the SNP Westminster, a team which has taken seats both Labour and the Liberal Democrats will from the Labour Party in Scotland at a be saddled with all the misdeeds of their Angus MaeNeil MP for Na h-Eileanan an General Election for the first time since failed coalition.” lar 1974. Angus is a native Gaelic speaker from Barra. He was in School in Barra and the ELECTION 2005 - SNP Westminster MPs Nicholson Institute in Stornoway. He studied Civil Engineering at Strathclyde University Constituency Candidate % Votes S.XP Majority and then worked as a reporter at the BBC in Banff & Buchan Alex Salinomi 51.17% 11,837 Inverness for 2 years before becoming a Primary Teacher. Angus worked for 2 years Moray Angus Robertson 36.59% 5.676 in Salen in Mull where he started the Gaelic Perth & Perthshire North Peter Wishart 33.68% 1,521 Unit before moving to Fort William when he Angus Mike Weir 33.65% 1.590 got married. In the 2001 general election Angus was the SNP candidate for Inverness Na H-Eiicanan an lar Angus MacNeil 44.90% 1.141 East Naim and Lochaber. Last year Angus Dundee East Stewart Hosìe 37.20 383 returned to Barra to teach and now works in Eoligarry School at the north end of the The SNP contested 9 seats - above are the successful candidate's results island.

Soon after the British General Election held North Sea Oil are taken into account. The patriotism is the chief motive in what we do, on May 5th, I met my great grandson who Dundee Courier on May 24th, In arguing economic affairs will also come right. was pleased to tell me that the Scottish against Dennis Canavan’s, MSP, bill to make National Party had lost ground. I pointed out St. Andrew's Day a public holiday gave the to him that previously we had 4 MPs from a argument a new slant -“Campaigners were Larne to Stranraer total of 71, now we have 6 MPs from a total told by the (Scottish) Executive it would cost In 1953, during an exceptionally bad winter of 59 at Westminster. Hardly lost ground! Of 40 million pounds a year in lost production which brought floods in Holland and the East course this does not retieet support tor the and economic turnover, and there are no of England, the Larne to Stranraer ferry went independence movement over all of Scotland, plans to add November 30th to the list of down with considerable loss of life. In January as many SNP candidates came second in the Scottish bank holidays”. this year the P.Et 0 ferry "European poll, but in the 'first past the post' system, What price patriotism? Maybe I am too Highlander" was blown on a sand bank by votes for them do not result in representation. pessimistic, but I am thinking that for the winds of hurricane force as she tried to berth As to MPs we had 2.84%. Now we have independence movement to make real in Loch Ryan, and passengers had to spend 30 3.54% progress, before the 300th anniversary of the hours on board whilst a life boat stood by. At My great nephew went on to argue that Union of Parliaments in 2007, we need to find one time there was a regular ferry from Scotland could not stand on its own! Of some effective reply when our modest gains Glasgow (Broomielaw) to Belfast, which had course we hear this often. The Scottish are reported as losses, and especially when much safer berths at either end. Have any Parliament cost too much. That was a project the only criteria for assessing moves to lessons been learnt or urgent safety measures of the Labour government, but we get the independence are economic or financial. I been adopted since the loss In 1953, to make blame for it. Under the 'Barnett Formula' wonder if anyone any more accepts that this this link between Scotland and Ireland safer? Scotland is subsidised much more than our nation with its own strong traditions, It does not seem so. population justifies. There is a catch in that institutions and separate languages has a Ronald S. Matheson argument when the contributions from right to be independent regardless of cost. Raghnall Stiubhart MacMathain Scotland by means of taxes, whisky duty and Recent Irish history suggests that when Deuet eo Peran da Gerne-veur diouzh ABDEHEIS CHOMBA T>H MA CAEH-GE Iwerzhon er 5ved kantved, pezh a laka tud da sofijal e oa an hevelep den ha S. E Corcaigh e voe dalc'hel emvod (Ard- Cuiv. sklaer eo bcz'ez eus un ezhomm Rieran: ar skiantourien a lavar ne oa ket. Fheis) bloaziek ar C'hevre Gouezelek mallus da adwelet politikerezh ar yezh. evelato. Anavezet eo Peran e bro (Conradh na Gaeilge) d’ar 16 a viz Mae. Nollaig 6 Gadhra a roas ar palioii evil Gembre, hag e meur a lec’h e Breizh. E Dibabet e voe Corcaigh en abeg an diorren ar yezh err 2 lvet kantved. Setu parrez Trezilide ez eus un delwenn darvoudoh e darempred gant ar pal ¡oil: dioutañ e-kicheri an hent bras. programni Ker Europat ar Derc'hel ha diorren imply ar E Kerne-veur e kaver war-dro ugenl Severtadur. Arvestin a yezh cl lec’hiou nra vez lec'h gant Peran en e anv. Al lec’h brasañ rejoin dileuridi eus kom/el c'hoazh ha difenn a zo Perranporth, hag aze ez eo en em Iwerzhon a-bezh hag eus ha kreskin ar c’humu- gavet er vro. Bez’ ez eus tevennoii a-hed skorenn an cstrcnvro niezhou-se gant intrudu iji- an aod hanternoz amari, hag en o zouez e ivez. Anavezet mat-tre nus. voe krouet gant Peran ur chapel. En lived kantved ar chapel-mafi a oa an emsav-man savet e Diogelin da bep skoliad e dilezet, ha dre an amzer e oa goloet gant 1893 evil difenn ha skig- Iwerzhon an dro da zeskiii ar traezh, kuzhet. ha kollet. Un iliz nevez nan ar yezh gouezelek. yezh gouezelek, istor. doua- evit ar barrez (Perranzabuloe, cus ar Gwerinel eo an emsav-man roniezh Iwerzhon hag herezh latin Perran in sábulo ‘Peran en traezh’) peogwir ar prezidant (Uachtaran) e- boutin ar vro. a voe savet war zouar kaletoc'h. E-barzh unan a zo dilennet. Pal an Ard-Fheis a zo Rein da genian hull diorren da sevenadur an iliz-se, er Grenn-Amzer, e veze adwelct labour ar bloavezh iremenei ha ha lennegezh iwerzhonat er yezh gouezelek dalc’hel bazh ha kloc’h ar sant. hag c kinnig mennadou nevez evil an dazoni. gant ind empleget gant deskadurezh. arzou. glopenn, zoken. Digoret e voe an Ard-Fheis gain Sean 0 medioii hug all... En I8ved kantved an iliz ivez a oa Se. kaner brudei eus Corcaigh. Dilennet en Ne c'hell ket Iwerzhon ankounac’haat dindan c’houdrod bezañ beuzet dre dens bei avel Prezidant Oireachtas na 2000 bloaz a sevenadur. istor. arz. herezh draezh. Fiñvet e voe neuze e 1805 d’ar Gaeilge ar bloaz man. Enrvod broadel ha ha yezh, he yezh dezhi hec'h-unan. Rann ar lec’h m'cmañ bremañ. war zouar ughel pell diouzh ar tevennoù. War-dro ar sevenadurel iwerzhonat eo Oireachtas na bed eo sevenadur Iwerzhon gouezelek ha memes poent e voe dizoloct ar chapel Gaeilge ha krouet e voe ivez gam tensor e-mesk ar priziusan Europa eo hen- adarre (sellit ou/.h ar skeudenn). ha Conradh na Gaeilge e 1898. Dalc'hel e goun hep ehan ar yezh gouezelek. korfoù eskern kavet en he c'hichen. E vo e Corcaigh ivez an Oireachtas ar bloaz- Sevel ur stad lorc’hus hec’h amzer- 1910 e voe krouet ur savadur divalav e man e miz Here evil kemer perzh e dremenet. oberianl bremaii ha gant spi en bili-raz tro-dro hag a-us ar chapel, sanset anaoudegezh-vat herezh gouezelek ker ha he dazoni. setu pal Conradh rta Gaeilge, evit miret dour da zont kontetezh Corcaigh. sevel ur c'hevredigezh digor d’ar bed am- e-barzh enni. E 1980 tud a grede dezho e Bez’e voe ar bloaz-man hervez Nollaig () evez met en em vevaii diwar he hen- oa kollet ar stourm a-enep d ’an dour, Gadhra. Uachtaran Chonradh na Gaeilge gouniou hag he danvez, e berr-gomzou hag o dcus goloet an boll savadur gant o komz e Gouezeleg, araokaat dreistordi- kendalc’h kempoell ltec'h amzer-dremenet traezh. Pebczh mezh, a soñje un nebeut nal. marteze, ¡store! evil ar Gouezeleg broadelouricn, da gaout chapel ar sant brudet-se kuzhet da vat. Neuze e voe dreisi pep tra gant diviz ar gouarnamant Summary: savet ur st rollad prest da zizoloiñ ar iwerzhonat da glask an anaoudegezh-vat The annual Ard-Fheis of Conradh na chapel ha derc’hel anezhañ en ur stad hag ur statud ofisiei evil ar yezh e Gaeilge, was held in Cork this year as part mat; St Piran Trust eo anv ar stroliad-se. Unvaniezh Europa. Degcmerct mat c voe of that city's ongoing series of events in Evit ar mare emaint oc’h imbourc’hin embann diwczhan skrid kevatalder ar yezh connection with the European City of live an dour e-pad ur vloavezh, evit (avel c Kanada) met siwazh avel evil statud Culture programme. The Ardfheis was gouzout an doare gwellañ da saveteiñ ar ofisiei ar yezh e Unvaniezh Europa e opened by Sean O Se, the well known Cork chapel. kemer re ainzer ! singer who has been nominated Devezh gouel Sant Peran, ar 5 a viz Ret eo echuih ur Skrid Kevatalder ar Uachtaran/President of this year’s meur/.h. a zo deuet da vezañ devezh Yezh bremaii ! Da skouer. nebeut iniplijet Oireachtas na Gaeilge. the Irish national vroadel Kerne-veur. Gwechall e veze un e voe ar yezh gant abeg marv ar Pah gant cultural festival initiated by Conradh na devezh gouel evit ar vengleuzherien: Prezidant Kverz.hon, dileuridi vroadel ha Gaeilge in 1898, and which will he held bremañ e weler muioc’h-mui manifest- adegoìi e Truru, hag un tammig skeul-renk an iliz katolik (nebeutoc’h eget this year, also in Cork in October as part o f beplee’h. War an tevennoù e vez aozet ar Pah e-unan e-pad e veaj da Iwerzhon e the on going efforts of Conradh to con­ ur pezh-c'hoari o tiskouez buhez ar sant, 1979), adskcdin emznle’hioit anglo- tribute to the recognition o f the Gaelic her­ hag a vez heuliet gant mil a dud. amerikan e-kefiver divyezhegezh. krenvaet itage of that city and county. Gwelout a reer aze nouspet banniel gant niediaou iwerzhonat ! Setu prouenn gwenn ha du, ur groaz wenn war ur foñs gorread eus tro-spercd unyezhek ar vro. Conradh na Gaeilge 6 Sraid Fhearchair du: setu banniel Sant Peran. hag a Ret eo da g/Conradh na Gaeilge kemer Bailc Atha Cliatli 2. Hire ziskouez er memes poent ar sten o perzh el leur bolitikel. met politikerezh ar r-phost: [email protected] / www.cnag.ie splannañ er reier. ha gouloii an Aviel o yezh ha neket er strolladou politikel. splannañ war fallagricz ar bed. En nr degemerout mat al labour mat evil .lose CALVETE Ken George ar yezh graet gant ar ministr Eamon O KEAV Breton Interceltic Summer School

Amongst the many Breton training courses that of K.E.A.V.. "Kamp Elrekeltiek Ar Vrezhonegerien" (Breton Interceltic Summer School), has always been a great success. After having been organised for a long time over 2 weeks it is now extending to 3. with the possibility of opting for 1, 2. or 3 weeks according to the choice of future course participants, and of course the availability of places. It has taken place year after year in the month of July at Skaer. a small town situated near the centre of a triangle between Kemper/Gourin/An Orianl and 14 km from Rosporden railway station. There is a coach link between Rosporden and Skaer. It is. therefore, not far from the Black Mountains at the heart of Breton- speaking Brittany that the KEAV course gathers, and each week there are around 90 adults of all ages, many of them young people. 20 to 30 children and around 25 teachers or organisers. The only enrolment condition is that of having regularly followed a course in Breton for at least 2 years, or one year of an intensive course. There are many correspondence courses such as Skol Qber. Gwennael Huon (centre) liis father Honan Huon and his mother Loeiza Er Miliner Ion right). Breton is the sole language of the summer school outside of workshops in Welsh, or possibly in Irish. In the first days you may organises tite venue for writers, poets and from i 955 to i 973 then Vefa dc Beilaing perhaps be allowed to have several words artists, with a book-signing at a book fair. took the lead until 1976 With the help of Paol whispered in your ear in your own language, Each year 5 to 10 course members come Kalvez and Father Yann Talbod. 1977 saw or in English, but that will be the only from across the channel, and others front the new generation lake the reins with concession in order to help you settle in. France. Germany. I lungary. the USA and Gwennael Huon. son of Ronan Huon and There are. in any case, courses for absolute sometimes Japan, so why not you'.1 Anna Ar Beg. beginners arranged by other organisations during the summer and the rest of the year. Short History of the summer school Some dates which mark the For the year 2005 the cost per w eek of the It was in iy48: at Kleder near Rosko evolution of the camp course is 230 and 180 for students and the (Roscoff). that the first KEAV summer camp 1957 saw' young couples coming with their unemployed. Please note that there is a camp took place. It came about from a splitting families for (lie first time and also the first site in Skaer about 2kin away and for any front the International Camp of the B.A.S adolescents whose parents were not among other information or accommodation you (Bodadeg Ar Sonerion/ Meeting of the the Emsav (or Emzao. the Breton Movement, need to contact KAEV directly. Pipers) where Breton was only a side issue to come together). These were more and more that of music and traditional dance. Three numerous after 1973 thanks to the The Activities young writers in the Breton language. Mr renaissance of the Breton culture after the In spite of what has just been said about the Romm Iluon (1922-2003). Mrs” Vefa de dark hours of the war and the post-war exclusive use of Breton, the summer school Bellaing (1909-1998). artist and writer Mr difficulties. The author-composers, singers is great fun and is not short of activities Zavier Langleiz (1906-1975) decided to and musicians such as Glenmor. Alan Stivell. outside of the 6 hours per day of the course. organize a summer school where Breton Gillcs Servat and others pushing the young In addition to exhibitions you will find there Would be the sole medium, thus creating the Bretons to lake back ownership of the culture are work-shops in various subjects in which first immersion summer school in Breton. Its and language of their parents or you can initiate yourselves like dancing and origins and its participation from the start of grandparents. These young people came Breton singing and put them into practice in Welsh and Irish explained its being called with a different view to the first generations. evening sessions or even fest-noz (festival ''Interceltic". In 1948 there were IS of them There was the generation from before 1968 nights). out of 57 course members. KEAV would like and those who came afterwards. Those You will also find games there and even an today like to rediscover such a bonding on before were practising Catholics and the rest acting workshop, the better to assimilate the their part and why not with the Cornish. more or less influenced by pre-war language, sporting activities, discovery Manx and Scottish! nationalism, and those who later wanted to trails, visits to farms, artisans' workshops, change the society judged by them as too castles and exhibitions etc.. A theatre troupe The creators of the summer camp were in conservative. Two ways of living and is sometimes invited for an opening their turn its directors. Zavier Langleiz from understanding the world confronted each spectacle. The summer school also devotes a 1948 to 1954. the time of the true "camp" other. half-day to Breton publications and under tents. Ronun Iluon succeeded him In 1974 a provisional balance was found in EU Constitution The Regionalist Parties Urged a Yes vote The political situation in the state of France cannot be compared to that in the British Isles. Here the Republicans / Jacobins are totally opposed to the any form of devolution for the regions and allow no recognition of lesser used languages. Therefore the two main regionalist parties UDB and Parti Breton voted Yes in the Constitutional Referendum held at the end of May, along with the Greens, Socialists. Democrats and Gaullists and most of the Trade Unions. On the day. the people of France rejected the treaty.

Parti Breton’s Stance on EU Treaty Referendum

To advance a stronger Brittany in a the History - that of Brittany integrated in democratic Europe, the Breton Party Europe, sharing the same values of progress encouraged all the Bretons to vote YES in the and freedom in the unity. To advance a strong Constitution Treaty on May 29th of this year. Brittany In democratic Europe, therefore the Below Is a press statement issued by the party. Breton Party encourages all Bretons to vote Anna Ar Heg. her brother tien e, anti The referendum on the European YES on the May 29th.' Lena Lo nani, chairwoman ofOfis ar constitutional Treaty of May 29th Is an Jakez Arnol-Stephan Brezhoneg. (Left to right). historic change which puts up new stakes for Eexecutive chairman, Parti Breton. Brittany. It warrants looking at from a specific BP 50403 56104 An Oriant-Lorient Cedex, Breton context. Breizh-Bretagne-Brittany co-organlsing ihe camp with the young Today the fate of Brittany is decided in Paris, progressive and militant association. Skol [email protected] capital of a State, without exception - An Emsav. the number of course participants numerous considerations: excessive www.partlbreton.org reached 2001 However, the experience centralization of the decisions; disregard of Tel/fax: +33 297 641276 would not be renewed because of other the separation of the powers; shocking problems which arise. territorial disparities; refusal to recognize its Finally in 1977 the management of the various peoples and the will to remove them. new generation arrived and as a good This dependence means that Brittany is response, the necessary balance and subjected to interests which do not take into UDB... Yes, neutrality The same year the KEAV account the needs of its development, driving summer-school was settled in Skaer. after inevitably, at the same time as France, w it h o u t having been itinerant, changing places each towards a deepening crisis. The current state year. Initially established in the private of affairs offers us sad examples every day. hesitation! school of St Alan the premises proved loo Everywhere In Europe, States were reformed, small. In fact the SO participants in 1980 progressing at the level of the business and passed a hundred in 1988 then more than 140 social laws and of the recognition of the rights in 1995: it was necessary to find rooms with of the individuals and the peoples. So today the local residents and making tents Europe can operate with the most advanced available as in the first years. Having economic, social and political standards of the problems with catering too and security the planet. authorities in Skaer recommended the Everywhere, except in France, the KEAV organisers use the public school exceptional nature of which bursts in broad Jolio-Curie and the college asked them to daylight, to the surprise of our European UDB (Union Democratique Bretonnei held limit the numbers to 90 a week, so the 3 friends. We, Bretons, have known for a long week school was bom. a convention in LORIENT (an Oriunt) in time what this French exception means: the March, to decide their strategy in the To conclude it is good to recall that the French cock raised on Its spurs to refuse any camp was sometimes the occasion of fruitful referendum on (he EU Conslitution Treaty. really democratic headway which would lead At the end of the convention, different meetings and the crucible For other activities, It to question Its model. thus in the setting of the camp in Lagoncd in options were up for discussion and the vote To the Breton Party, the question of the east showed that. 72% were in favour of a 1963 was formed a workshop to develop a referendum was clearly envisaged In these vocabulary compatible with a modem YES vote; 21% for a NC)-vote and 7 ‘7i terms: will the values which are current In 24 without opinion. Therefore UDB appealed scientific culture. This group was called European States allow better consideration of SADED (Sktuirr An Deskadurc/.h Eil for a YES vote in the referendum. Below our Interests? In other words, will more Romm Divard, PRO for the UDB. outlines Derez/Secondary Educational Branch). In Integration of the European States allow 1968 separated amicably front KEAV to their argument for pressing for a Yes vote. Brittany to answer better the challenges, its ‘YES...without hesitation! Everybody follow its own direction. Sometimes time and does It engage a process favourable criticised for being elitist and abusive use of accepts the fact that Europe, with 25 states to more political autonomy? And does the does not work well. The existing laws do not neologisms SADED has the honour of being European Constitution contain headways the precursor of secondary education. allow It. That's why the new treaty for an susceptible to facilitate the emergence of an European constitution came about. This new authentic Breton political power? treaty allows real progress in terms of Jaket Derouet In this double question we answer YES. The (Thanks to Vann Gag for assistance in democracy, transparency and efficiency in Breton Party says YES to the European terms of decisions. Nothing in this treaty bringing me his text prepared far the constitutional Treaty, in the name of our jubilee o f KEAV in I99S). national interests. The Breton Party chooses continuacj on page 6 continued from page 7 reinforces the liberal orientations already underlined in the union. At the opposite end it covers humanist values and social rights î)ouam ene 'pílm feátíval (the right to go on strike, equality between 2 men and women, equal working conditions, protection for young workers) The text of the treaty also embraces respect This year, the 28th Festival will be held Nevertheless, the poor people coming of cultural and linguistic diversity. It is from the South, enduring hardship, have important for us. the Breton people, because from the 20th to the 27th of August. It Is our fundamental rights are not respected dedicated to the frontier-line between been fighting for decades to defend their within the french state. the United States and Mexico and named rights and to preserve their dignity. The treaty reaffirms also that Europe will “On the Other Line”. All these questions will be examined for keep going on solidarity actions, in order to This frontier-line is about 3200 km long the most part through films of different reduce the gap between regions. Brcizh look (about 2000 miles). It is strictly warded kinds, by many directors from Mexico profit from Europe. About 2.4 billion euro by federal guards, but also by a recently (Alejo Galindo, Alfonso Arau, Enrique has been invested in Brcizh since 1975. This created civilian volunteers units. A wall Arroyo, Alex Rivera, Luis Valdes, Lourdes process will keep going through different was built for a short length in Tijuana and Portillo, Patricia Cardoso, Yolanda Cruz), programs. Otherwise the treaty allows also a from the United States (Anthony Mann, higher level of environmental protections. In El Paso, and a wire fence erected The UDB works for a social, pacific and along 28 miles. Sam Peckinpah, Orson Welles) and from federal Europe which recognizes "people This frontier-line is separating a rich other countries (Chantal Akerman, Ken without state”. country (USA) from the poor countries in Loach). They will also be considered At this level the treaty is not perfect. It is the South, however, despite all this through debates and meetings with the result of a long and complex negotiation, supervision along the frontier it does not directors, reporters and academics. in which each lobby had to make prevent the immigrants from entering A part of the festival will be dedicated to concessions. Ot course, no need to tell you the United States, sometimes at the risk the new films from Brittany and another that it's neither federalism nor the right for of their life: every year "wet backs” are part, named the “Big Tribe", will show “people without state" that the french stale drowned when trying to swim across the films about peoples which were in the fights for... Thinking that a french-NO vote will help to Rio Grande or people die of thirst when past the subject of the Festival. A last put the text on the table and help to push passing through the desert. The illegal part, called "The other side of the wall”, through one of those ideas is unrealistic. immigration is, for a part, in the hands of will tackle the life in prison seen from the Europe is not France, so it's arroganant and gangs; bad things are happening, like the inside and from the outside. chauvinistic to imagine that the different murders and disappearings of many Yves Jardin stales must conform to the french model. women in Ciudad Juarez. information: Douamenez Film Festival, Who can seriously think that a french-NO In spite of the controls, about 800,000 vote will help social euro-lorces to stop 50 Phone: 00.33.2.98.82.09.21, Website: to 2,000.000 illegal immigrants succeed years of common history. www.kerys. com/festival Saying NO to the constitution means to to get into the United States every year, agree with the most liberal part of the text coming from Mexico but also from other (3rd part). Therefore we will not take countries of Central or South America. advantage of the political progress of the 1st About 40 or 50 millions of Hispano- and 2nd part. As a matter of fact the 3rd part, Americans are now living in the United which is the most contested on the left wing, States, half of them at least coming from is the result of the Rome and Nice treaties. Mexico. They are generally employed in They are already applied and will keep going low-paid jobs. Even if some of them on. Telling the opposite is just demagogy succeed to riches, half of them are and illusion... remain poor, held in contempt by the Women and men from the left wing must know that in terms of social progress nothing American people who call them is for ever. This treaty is more a question of “Chícanos". They still speak Spanish but Kampagn skoasrell Diwan political power than a constitution. If. this many of them are mixing English and evit da/.ont ar skolioù political power is not in favour of the Spanish, with the birth of a new workers it does not allow us to stop the language, the Spanglish. Appeal for the Breton language. Ail European process. A slop will he good news They form a large part of the population contributions welcome, for those, like the USA. who like to see the of some States: more than 40 % in New however little. Eli as a free trade zone, hut not at all as a Mexico, more than a third in California or political power. Otherwise a NO-vote will in Texas, more than the fourth part in weaken our continent in front of the HEP BREZHONEG BREIZH EBET, emergence countries like China. India or Arizona. In some cities, near the border, SANS LANGUE BRETONNE PAS Brazil... they form more than nine tenths of the DE BRETAGNE A strong unified Europe will be able to population and in some places the exist today in this world as well as tomorrow Spanish language is now the first THERE’S NO BRITTANY WITHOUT BRETON as a peaceful zone with stability, democracy language, but not often officially and respect for Human Rights... recognized. The unemployed young Cheque to be sent to: Europe is a positive projection in the future, people, the “Pachucos" do not speak it is something vital for the future of Breizh DIWAN BP 147 29411 Englishand have also lost the Mexican and the Breton people...Don’t push Europe LANDERNE BRITTANY culture and thus have difficulties to find a to the side...’ http://www.diwanbreizh.org/ Ronan Divard, UDB. place in the United States. Gwynfor Evans Cymru 1912-2005

Etholiad 2005 - Enillion yn Eire ac Alba!

Siomedig oedtl Etholiad 2005 i ni yng seddau diwygiedig, allan o 59. yn cyfateb i'r Nghymru - rhyvv obailh y byddui'r Blaid yn un cyfarlaledd, ond chwech o seddau a gorl'fen hefb puni sedd. ;i dim ond tair a enillwyd o dan batrwm etholaethol llai gafwyd. Mae'n amlwg mai pleidleisiau ffafriol - y can ly triad gorau i'r Blaid mewnfudwyr yng Ngheredigion a wnaetli i Genedlaelhol mewn etholiad San Steffan ers Blaid Cymru golli'r sedd honno i‘r 1974. Ail-etholwyd llywydd y Blaid. Alex Gwynfor Evans, former Plaid Cymru Demociatiaid Rhyddfrydol - gallai’r Salmond. yn sedd estynedig Banbh a Buchan president and MP, died on April 21st mwyufrif bach n 200 a gafodd fod o gyda dros 50% o'r pleidleisiau. Ail-etholwyd aged 92. A native of Barri, Glamorgan, Angus Robertson yn y fersiwn newydd o ganlyniud i'r inewnfudwyr sydd wedi symud he learnt Welsh as a university student Moireabh gyda mwy o fwyafrif. Cadwodd i mewn ers vr etholiad diwethaf yn unig. and spent most of his life in Eironi felly aröl umharodrwydd y Blaid yng Mike Weir yr Aonghas estynedig er Llangadog, Carmarthenshire. Gwynfor Ngheredigion i gefnogi vmgyreh Cymuned gwaethaf vmgyreh rynuis gan y Tori'aid i'w was a life-long Christian and pacifist. am liter etholedig i Ceredigion y llynedd. a chipio a symud un o ardnloedd niwyaf He was associated with Plaid Cymru allasai fod wedi arwain at gatnau pendant yn eefnogol i'r etholaeth gymdogol. Enillodd from its earliest days and became erbyn y Mewnlifiad. Peter Wishart. sy'n chwarae yn y grwp party president In 1945, a post he held Pur wahanol oedd hi i genediaelholwyr y Ruling, sedd newydd Peairt a gogledd for 36 years. He was a leading Chwe Sir. ond nior dawcl oedd y cyfryngau Swydd Peairt, onil Annabelle Ewing ydyw'r campaigner in the unsuccessful yn ei ehyleh prin y buasech yn gwybod. Mae unig un o’r ASau blaenorol na fydd yn 61 gan attempt to stop the drowning of the PUM sedd gun Sinn Fein rvvan. tin yn fwy idcii go]Ii sedd newydd Ochaill a dc Swydd Tryweryn valley in Meirionnydd to nn'r tro diwethaf. 'Does ryfedd bod y Peairt o 688 pleidlais i Lafur - ti leial' dyna make a reservoir for Liverpool in the Sefydliad yn eadw'n dawcl. Enillasant sedd darged amlwg am y tro nesaf. Ond ar ben y 1960s, but in the same decade he An ilitr ac Aid Mhacha (Newty & Armagh) Ihvyddiannau hyn cipiwyd dwy sedd arall permanently changed Welsh politics oddi with genediaelholwyr gwtin yr SDLP oddi with Lafur. Enillwyd Dwyrain Dun when he won the Carmarthen by- Conor Murphy ydyw’r aelod newydd. Yn Deagh (Dundee) gan Stewart Hosie - dyma'r election in 1966 to become the first ogystal, eadwodd SF y pedwar aelod oedd sedd a ddaliodd eyn-lywydd yr SNP Gordon ever Plaid MP. The seat was lost to ganddynt yn barod - Gerry Adams yng Wilson eyn ei cholli yn 1987. Ac. yn fwyaf Labour in 1970 but regained from 1974 Ngorllewin Beal Feilste. Martin MeGuiness diddorol i ddarllenwyr Carn efallai. ail until 1979, along with two others that yng Nghanol Uladh (Mid Ulster). Pal enillwyd sedd Na h-Eileanan an lar neu have remained Plaid ever since. In Doherty yng Ngorllewin Tfr Eoghain. a Yrtysoedd v Gorllewin oddi ar Lafur. 1980, when the government in 1980 Michelle Gildemew yn Fear Manuch a de (Defnvddir yr enw Gaeleg ar gyfer y sedd said they were not going to keep their Tir Eoghain. Enillodd yr SD1.P sedd oddi hurt yn Saesneg erbyn hyn. eymharer Ynys promise to establish a Welsh language w ith yr Unioliaethwyr drwy gipio De Beal Mon.) Dyma'r sedd a gynrvchiolid gan y television service, Gwynfor's willing­ Feinste - felly mac tair yn dal gan yr SDLP. cyn-lywydd Domhnull Stiubhurt o 1970 tan ness to fast to the end was the most Erbyn hyn mac seddau'r eencdlaetholwyr 1987. Angus MaeNeil ydyw'r AS newydd. prominent part of the national cam­ los galwn yr SDLP felly) yn gorchuddio Safocld Mebyon Kemow ym mhedair o paign to restore the policy of providing dros banner tinvedd y 6 sir a ehymerodd y bum sedd Cemvw. ond rnynd i lawr ryw the Welsh service and it was probably cenedlaetholwyr tua 44fi o'r pleidleisiau ychydig wnaeth eu pleidlais. Curasant decisive in the success of the ytnysg y prif bleidiau. Mae hyn yn ymgeiswyr udain dde Veritas bob tro o Iciaf. campaign for S4C. This success in galonogol. os nad ydyw’r rhagolygon am O bwrpas. ni safodd MK yn sedd Porthia/St turn marked the start of the national Gytundeb Gwener y Groglith a’r broses Ives, lie mae'r Democrat Rhyddfrydol recovery after the defeats of 1979 - the devolution referendum and the heddweh yn rhy dda. Andrew George, siaradwr Ccmyweg a Ued- election by the English of the right- Nid oedd pethau i fod yn rhy dda i Blaid genedkielholwr. yn AS. Yn wir. enillodd \ wing Thatcher government. Over 2000 Genedlaethoi yr Alban, yn öl y cyfryngau Lib. Denis bob un o seddau Cemvw. dan attended the funeral in Aberystwyth eyn yr etholiad. Mae'r niler o seddau am gipio'r un sedd. Aberfal a Chambron, oedd including past and present leaders of senedd Sail Steffan yn yr Alban wedi cael ei gan Lafur. Dealhvn fod Dan Rogerson. AS Plaid, Winnie Ewing of the SNP, and ostwng o 72 i 59 oherwydd bod ei senedd ei newydd Gogledd C’ernyw. yn medru representatives of other parts of the hun gan yr Alban. (Nid yw hyn wedi Cemyweg hefvd. national movement. digwydd yng Nghymru eto.) Dilewyd rhai Kobat ap Tomos Gwynfor was the President of the etholaethau a ehyfunwyd neu estynwyd Celtic League for the first ten years of fliniau llawer o rai eraill. Pum sedd allan o Summary: its existence and his work helped 72 oedd gan yr SNP dan yr hen batrwm - The election saw advance's in Alba and secure the League’s recognition. Banbli (Banff) a Buchan tsedd Alex Tire. The SNP are firm' up la sis seals. Sinn A campaign has started, supported Salmond), Moireabh t Moray) (Angus Fein are up to jive, with nationalist seats in by Plaid MPs. for the new politics Robertson). Gogledd Taobh Tailut (Tayside the Sis Counties covering over half the land building under construction at the North) (Peter Wishart). Aonghas (Angus) area. University of Wales, Aberystwyth, to (Mike Weir), a Peairt (Perth) (sedd be named the 'Gwynfor' Building. Annabelle F.wirig). Btiasai ennill pedair o'r Election 2005 - Colons taking over

Plaid Cymru entered the May 2005 Plaid held Caernarfon and Meirionnydd Westminster election holding four seats and Nam Conwy, with Hywel Williams and hoping to win a record fifth. They ended up Elfyn Llwvd respectively increasing their with only three seats, having failed narrowly majorities despite ongoing colonization in to win Ynys Mon from Labour and narrowly Welsh these areas. The general swing away from losing Ceredigion to the Liberal Democrats. Speaker, Labour, the second party here, would have been a factor. Plaid has held these two seals They held Caernarfon. Meirionnydd Nant David Davies Conwy, and Carmarthen East & Dinefwr a constantly since 1974. new distribution of seals resembling the situation Plaid's best result came in Carmarthen East from 1974 to 1979. Plaid Cymru & Dinefwr where radical MP Adam Price Plaid have traditionally taken the bulk of MP for tripled his majority over Labour in the seat he their support from the Welsh-speaking Mynwy/ gained in 2001. this despite a strong Labour community and all the seats they have ever Monmouth. campaign to win the seat back. Adam Price held at Westminster (that is the five seats has won much support through leading a mentioned above, give or take boundary campaign to impeach Prime Minister Tony changes) have been those entirely or mainly Blair for the illegal war waged against Iraq. in the Bro Gymraeg. Welsh-speaking W'ales. In the rest of Wales, the 35 constituencies with a Welsh-speaking majority'. This is • There remained an amount of with a definite English-speaking majority, hardly a coincidence since Welsh national dissatisfaction, in nationalist circles, with the Plaid vote remained at a similar level to identity is language-based and national Plaid locally on the colonization issue in 2001. going up a bit in some and down in aspirations are dependent on a national the wake of the referendum. others. Progress in English-speaking Wales identity being felt in the first place. • The general swing, on the unionist side, does not look imminent. Among the unionist Anglicised Wales is anglicised in more than from Labour to Lib. Dem. parties, there was a swing away from Labour, just language. Since the 1980s at least Plaid • The decision of the British Green party to as in England. The Tories gained the three have been the most supported party in the field a candidate who took 800+ votes. Labour seats of Monmouth. Preseli Welsh community in the Bro Gymraeg. but They had previously co-operated with Pembrokeshire, and Clwyd West - all in as this community is being depleted through Plaid, hut even there it seems recent colons territory the Tories held during the Thatcher economic emigration and diluted through are taking over. years. The new MP for Mynwy / Monmouth colonization, so the nationalist power base is Ynys Mon and Ceredigion, both held by is the Welsh-speaking Assembly Member undermined, though very few people are Plaid In the Assembly, will form two David Davies who we hope will be a positiv e mentioning this. obvious targets in the next Westminster influence on language issues. Labour lost The Ynys Mon (Anglesey) seal had been election, but neither may be particularly easy their safest seat in Wales. Blaenau Gwent, to gained by Labour from Plaid in the previous to win back because the very community disaffected former Labour AC. Peter Law. (2001) election with a majority of just 800. whose identity is expressed by supporting The new make up of MPs in Wales is Labour the votes of colons being decisive. Despite a them is in decline and both constituencies 29. Liberal Democrats 4. Plaid 3. strong campaign lo win the seal hack this now have unionist MPs with a vested interest Conservative 3. and Independent I. lime, with former MFP Eurig Wyn as in encouraging colonization. candidate, the Labour majority increased to Robut ap Tomos over 1200. In view of the number of English who have settled on the island in the intervening years this follows, though (lie decisive factor in defeating Plaid this time was ironically the presence of a colon Europe - Jill Evans says independent candidate who. having received an unusual amount of media coverage, seems Time for a rethink on the way ahead’: to have succeeding in attracting a proportion of the farming vote. Ceredigion had been gained by Cynog Commenting on the French people's rejection by referendum of the EU Constitution, Dafis of Plaid from the Liberal Democrats in Plaid Cymru Deputy Leader Jill Evans MEP, called on ELI leaders to respect the verdict 1992. with Simon Thomas being the MP of the French people and to rethink the way ahead for any EU Constitution. from 2000 on. The heavy colonization in Ms Evans said: progress in Ceredigion, with the connivance "The French people have spoken loud and clear and in great numbers - their verdict of the county council, had received more must be respected. This result is a wake up call for European leaders and a clear signal attention than in most of the Bro Gymraeg of popular unease with what's being proposed. with the divisive referendum campaign fora Plaid Cymru is a pro-European party and we agree that better arrangements are mayor for Ceredigion putting Cymuned and needed to run an EU of twenty five states, but we are seeing that this draft Plaid locally on opposite sides. The seal was constitution is not standing up to popular scrutiny. lost to the Liberal Democrats this time with a Europe's decision-making has to get right down there to the local communities to small majority of 219. This is the first time ensure that people do have a voice in shaping this new Europe. The Convention which ever that Ceredigion has had a non-Welsh speaking MP. With such a small majority all drew up this Constitution was supposed to reflect the views of the people of Europe, die influencing factors would have been but the French and the Dutch "No" votes show that they weren't listening enough to individually decisive. These vvere:- what real people had to say. • Further colonisation and Anglicisation The plan before us In this Constitution Is not our vision of what Europe should be or since 2001 —some 25% of the electoral list how It should develop. It could be a small step forward, but basically leaves power In had not been there last time. the hands of the member states and unelected Brussels bureaucrats. It makes only • The votes of the hundreds of English passing reference to other levels of government such as our own National Assembly and university students in Aberystwyth and this is a regrettable missed opportunity to spread real democracy at all levels Lampeter. Included in the aforementioned throughout the EU." 25%. No more Language Legislation from Westminster, Says Plaid AC Speaking before the Cy mdeiihas yr Iaith the National Assembly. The Labour meeting on the Urdd eisteddfod field. Klin governments must be persuaded that all Jones. AC for Ceredigion, called for all new matters relating to the Welsh language legislation on the Welsh language to he should be devolved to Wales and that this made by the National Assembly and not the should not be confined to specific areas such Westminster Parliament. She called on all as the creation of a Regulatory Office. Such organisations interested in the status and narrowly-defined legislation should be promotion of the language to unite in a call rejected. The Government of Wales Act 1998 to both Westminster and Assembly recognised in Section 32 that the National governments to use the impending White Assembly "may do anything it considers Paper and Devolution Bill to place all Elin Jones appropriate to support the W'elsh language”. powers on the Welsh language with the powers in the next few years then I assume However, this did not confer the right to National Assembly and to enable the this will automatically include legislative legislate. Now is the opportunity to finally Assembly to legislate on till matters related powers on the Welsh language. This is most rest with the people of Wales the right to to the Welsh Language. definitely my preferred option. create laws that relate to its own language. It never made sense for Scottish and English Elin Jones said. "However, recent press comments by the "We now need to drop the call for a new new Wales Office Minister. Nick Ainger. MPs to be voting on legislation affecting the Welsh Language Act from Westminster and have strongly hinted that Labour are likely to Welsh language. At long last, it could soon take the opportunity presented by the White drop the Richard Commission proposals for he up to ACs in Wales to decide on tlie fate Paper to devolve all powers on the Welsh primary legislation and go for a second rate of the Welsh Language.” RapT Language to the Assembly. We know that solution of fast-tracking legislation. This is there needs to be new legislation on the far from ideal and wholly betrays the notion Welsh language in the near future in order to of vesting law-making powers with the create the Dylarnvdd or Regulatory Office as people of Wales. However, even under this L an gu age a result of the abolition of the Welsh proposal it could be possible for all Language Board. Currently the Assembly legislation on the Welsh language to be made A ct has no power to set up such tin Office on a by the National Assembly. This could only statutory basis. Alun Pugh AC. Culture require that an Order in Council is passed by Minister, recently stated in a Culture. Welsh both Houses of Parliament to give the C am paign Language and Sport Committee that such National Assembly the right to legislate on legislation was unlikely to he a standalone all matters relating to the Welsh Language. con tin u es piece of Westminster legislation and would Erdm then on. the National Assembly could possibly be included as part of the be free to create legislation on. for example, forthcoming White Paper. As a continuation of their campaign the status of the language, the role of the "Now is the opportunity therefore to for a new Welsh Language Act. private sector in relation to the language, the members of Cymdeithas yr Iaith have ensure that whatever increased powers are role of the Welsh language in planning targeted more chain stores and other given to the National Assembly as a result of matters etc. private businesses that do not come the White Paper, that they should include full "We need to create a powerful lobby of all under the 1993 language act. using powers to act on all matters related to the Welsh language supporters to devolve all stickers calling for a Welsh Language. Obviously, if the National legislative powers on the Welsh Language to “Deddf Iaith Newydd/New Assembly receives full primary legislative Language Act”. During the spring action was taken in Aberystwyth, Y Trallwng/Welshpool, and Abcrteifi/ Cardigan. The companies targeted Safegtutr&íng JLíáteddfod language rule included Woolworths, Barclays, the Abbey, Burtons. Subway, and Dorothy The new constitution of the National • Signs on the Maes should be in Welsh Perkins. Eisteddfod includes a clause stating that only; The action was a prelude to the public "Welsh is the language of the Eisteddfod • Translation equipment and bilingual meeting Cymdeithas organised in June and that rule cannot be changed under literature for visitors without Welsh on the field of the Urdd national any circumstances". The constitution should be available from a specific eisteddfod. this year in Bae Caerdvdd/Cardiff Bay, entitled “A states that a new committee for the oper­ location: ation of the language policy is to be set Language Act - Now is the chance”. up. The pressure group Cylch yr Iaith. The coming abolition of the Welsh "Unfortunately, the language rale has following last year's anglicised event in Language Quango, the basis of the not been put into complete effect”, a outdated 1993 act, necessitates the Casnewydd/Newport. have submitted a Cylch spokesman has said. “In recent introduction of some sort of new' list of recommendations to the Eisteddfod years there have been a number of com­ legislation. A Cymdeithas spokesman including: plaints about the Anglicisation of the said "The action in Aberteifi, Y • All employed and voluntary workers Maes and there is a danger that the Trallwng, and Aberystwyth was a sign should be able to speak Welsh, Includ­ Welsh-speaking atmosphere will be lost.” of the determination of Cymdeithas to ing stewards and programme-sellers: use direct action for a New Language Act, in advance of the Cardiff Bay • Every worker on a stand on the Maes The Eisteddfod have said that some of the meeting. Chain shops were targeted who comes into contact with the pub­ points are 'impractical', but acknowledge because we want to see any new lic should be able to speak Welsh: that others are feasible. legislation cover the private sector”. Concerto <3 éire Chaitlin Maude

On the 21st May (the day before her birthday) TG4 screened an excellent hour La maitrh a£ an Slip long documentary tribute Concerto ClmitUn Maude on the life and artistic legacy of the Conamara poet, singer and actress. Caitlin ach nioR chosai^h an Maude. Caitlin was from Rosintic in the Conamara Gaeltacht. where she was born in 1941. She gained acclaim for her poetry in the sixties and seventies and was recognised etiliche mÓR pós as a fine sean nos (traditional stvlel singer. She co-authored one play and her acting Cé nar éirigh ehomh inalili sin le Plaid Daonlathaigh Liobralacha ansili an uair ability was widely praised. She was a life Cymm i dtoghchain Westniinster i rith an dheiridh. long activist for the Gaeltacht and the Irish tsamhraidh, blu' sce'al nfos dearfai le Ach nil gach duine aontaithe go bhfuil language - sometimes at a cost to herself. She tuairisciu ag Paini Naisiunach ila hA|ban. amia chomh dearfach ar an todhehai agus a was also a long time Celtic League member Faoi athchcannaireachl Alex Salmond. mhaionn Alex Salmond. Deir an t- and wrote regularly for Corn. Caitlin died of d'éirigh leo Ifon a gcuid sutochdn a ardii go iarFhcisirc. .lini Sillars, cé gur éirigh leis an dii se' cinn. Diol suniais is ca tur éirigh leo na SNP dui chun cimi ;ii ri thè a dhe'anamh i hOileain Thiar agus Dun Daoi Thoir a bhaint dtoghchan Wesiniinstcr. go bhfuil lilini de Phàirti Lucht Oibre Shasana. shuniasach. ó tliaobh lion votai, ar thorthai Bili Salmond féin an-sasta, ni nacli ionadh. an Phdirtf ón mbliain 1992. Dar leis siud. ma leis an dal chini cinn sunlasach a dhein an scarann na Daonlathaigh Liobralacha lena Pàirli ina gcéad toghchdn Weslminsler ó gcomhghleacaithc eeannais i bParlainiint na toghadh eisean ina cheannaire alhuair. "Tii liAlban. Pàirti an Lucht Oibre. go mbeidh an ciniche us baile imeartha anois agus siad dbalta tairblie a bliaint as mishdsamh an buaite againn". ar seisean. "Beldh an chéad phobail. Ina theannta sin. is dóigh le Sillars chluiche elle againn sa bhaile - Toghchàin ma chcapunn Paini an Lucht Oibre Gordon Hollyrood 2007!” T:i ciiis nihaidi ag Browne mar cheannaire go bhféadfadh Salmond a bheilh muinfneach. Fnalr sé léin tairbhe a bheith ann dóibli in Albain. os cionn 51% de na votai in Banff agus fa daoine eile buartha faoin nibéim éagstiil Buchan agus. lar éis lag ini a lean ar aghaidh a leug an SNP ar an neamhsplcdelias i roinnt blianla agus a bhain an l-aer as scolta dtoghcheantair éagsula. In aiteanna a bhfuil paini a mheas go raibh an casadh cinniiinach an Pdirti thar a bheith Ididir, luadh an ar li teachl am ar bitb. ni an SNP tliar n-ais ar neamhspleàchus mar sprioc dhlisleanach na chonair na bua agus fonn calila onhu aris. liAlban. In aiteanna cilc, Ochil agus Pearl Dar le Salmond go sàraionn torthai an Thuuidh. mar shampla. deir an lucht edinte toghcluiin seo go eomhréireach tortliai an nar tisdidcadli an foca), fili amhain. i SNP. Feabhra 1074. agus go bhfuil siad gcdipéisiocht toghchdin un SNP. Deir siad go bcagnach cliomh mailh le torthai an Phairti. bhfuil an baoi ann. i geds go n-éircodh leis an Deireadli Fómhair na biiana sin. Ni he' bPdirti móraiiih a llidil ar son an amhain sin aeh d'éirigh leo su iodi din a ncamhspleachais i geodanna d'Albain. go Caitlin Maude bliaint de Phairti an Fuchi Oibre den chéad inbeadh codanna eile den tir ag iurraidh uair le breis is triocha bliain anuas. Ina fanacht le Sasana agus erioehdheighilt a theannta sin. ba dhóbair dóibh an seachtii dhéanamh. mar a deineadh in Éirinn. cancer in 1982 and left one son. Caomhdn. suinchiin a bliainl aniacli in Ochil agus Pearl Biodli dealramli leis na hargóinti sin no The programme was the inspiration of Thuaidli. aii nach raibh ach 688 vota ag Paini nach inbiodh. nil aon dabhl na gur loghchan Aoile Nie Cormaie. who directed it. It was an Lucht Oibre sa bhreis orthu. tdbliachtach a bheidh i dToghchdn Hollyrood formulated in the movements of a concerto Bhain an SNP taitneamh ar Icith as a nibua i gceann dhd bhliain. Md cinomi leis an SNP focussing on the different phases of Caitlin’s sua hOilcain Thiar. aii ar éirigh le hAonghus céatadan mór de mhuintir na liAlban a life with newly composed music by Aoile Mac Nei 11 45% den vola a fhàil agus Pàirti ali thabhain leo tifar thairscach shieeolaioch un which made it a work of art in itself. A Lucht Oibre a Ihiigaint 10% laisiiar diobh. neamhspledchuis sa toghclldn sin. beidh an considerable amount of old film footage and Felsire óg fuinniiiil is ea Mac Nei 11 agus là a cluiche ar siili i geeart agus nil aon dabht na TV footage was sourced by Aoife including phairti dócbasach go n-éireoidh leis greini a gur imreoir den scolli é Alex Salmond. Nd a film of Caitifn's wedding in Rosmuc to choimeàd ar an suiochan amacli sa todlichai. Inodli aon amliras ar aoinne faoi rud eile. Cathal O Luain. Coupled with memories of Dar le Salmond go bliiuil an tomi leis an diadi - nil sé i gceist ag na Sasanaigh an friends and family this made for a very bPairti Naisiunach anois. Giunte, dealrafonn cluiche sin a chailliliint agus is iudsan a powerful piece of cinema where Caitifn's sé go bhfuil bua an Olltoghchain lar éis cur le chumann na rialacha. own voice came through loud and strong. hioniha intofa an phairti athuair agus tu scala Caoiniliin Mac Raglinoli). Caitifn's poems and prose had been fothoghchan aititi il buaite acu ó shin. I published in two separate posthumous gComar na nAlt i Lanarkshire North. bliain Summarv collections but had been oul of prim lor some iarrthóir an Phairti. Tom Johnson, 60% den 77; ir art ir le aulì ine s thè Rotiti rcsults years. Coisceim brought poems, prose and vota, agus >na Deaschrfocha. Iiigann bua Bill acliievetl hy lite SNP ili tire Westiitinster play together in a new edition of her works fiord gur féldir leis an bPiiini a bhcllli election miti siiinnuirìst's thè riunitili* o f which was launched ai the preview by TG4 dóchasach faoi Thoghcbàn Hollyrood toisc •party leader Alee Salmond and others on of Concerto Chuittin Maude in Club an nach raibh ach tromlach 270 vota ag na niiillwr thè SNP nou . Conrndh. other official working languages but the Irish government agreed a slimmed-down regime STADAS! which will not require all documents to be translated into Irish initially. From 2007. all primary legislation approved by the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament Irish Language made an will be translated into Irish and ministers and MEPs will be able to use Irish on request during council meetings and European Official EU Working Language Parliament plenary sessions. Irish Officials said that the decision would create between 20 and 30 jobs for Irish translators and interpreters in the European institutions. The European Commission estimates that making Irish an official language will cost the EU 3.5 million a year, compared to an average of 4b million for each of the other official languages. The Taoiseach. Bertie Ahern welcomed the decision which he described as a very important step forward for the Irish language, 'll ensures that the status accorded to Irish in the Union reflects its domestic status. It is further evidence of the Government's determination to ensure that every opportunity is used to promote and facilitate the use of Irish, including in our activities as a member of the EU. lie said.' The Minister for Foreign Affairs. Mr Dermot Ahern, praised Ireland's Permanent Representative to the EU. Anne Anderson, who conducted most of the negotiations, as celebrale [heir victory. 'absolutely magnificent'. Minister for Gaeltacht Affairs. Eamon O Cuiv. said tlie decision presented a challenge to the Irish-speaking community to make use In mid June at a meeting of the EU Foreign • Laws of the EU will be published in Irish. of the new status achieved for Irish. He said Ministers in Luxembourg the unanimous Irish legislation must be published in Irish it presented a challenge to Irish organisations decision was made to give Irish the status of and English. 75% of legislation comes and educational institutions to ensure there a working language in the EU. The decision from the EU and this will now come in were enough qualified translators to meet the will be effective from January 2007 to allow Irish and English demands for the services. lime for implementation measures. The • EU positions require two (or more) campaign to achieve working language working languages of the EU. Irish now In a separate move the foreign ministers status for Irish began with the formation of agreed to offer semi-official status to STADAS. a group operating under the aegis becomes an employment advantage in the EU. minority languages which have a of Conradh na Gaeilge and Cotnhdhail constitutional status within a member-stale. • Irish can now be spoken in the European Naisiiinta na Gaeilge. The group lobbied This will open the way for enhanced status Parliament. strongly, collected over 80.000 signatures on lor such languages as Catalan and Basque the internet and organised demonstrations of • The EU will now employ additional and for Luxembougish. Member states support culminating in a major national translators for Irish. requesting enhanced status for such demonstration in Dublin, it may be languages will, however, pay the cost of mentioned that if the Government of Irish will have the same status as the EU's translation and interpretation themselves. Taoiseach Jack Lynch, at the time of EU entry in 1973. had not reneged on its responsibility none of this would have been necessary. The status of working language was available to Irish on entry’ to the EEC at the time but they misguidedly decided that Irish should be a treaty language only. The well run and organised STADAS campaign led to the acceptance by the Irish Government last November that official working language status would be sought Ibr Irish. STADAS spokesman and chief organiser of the campaign. Pttdraig O Laighin. welcomed the decision wholeheartedly declaring it a victory for the Irish people, the Irish language community and the Irish Government. The status of Irish as an EU working language means: A section o f the large Sltidas demonstration in Dublin last year GAELTACHT HOUSING - Irish Language need confirmed but.««!

An Bord Pleanala's (the Planning Appeals Planning Act seem to have been ignored by An Udaras spokesperson stated 'We cannot Board) policy on protecting the linguistic Donegal County Council. The council grant or refuse planning permission in the. and cultural heritage of the Gaeltacht. as granted permission last April to a local Gaeltacht but we have a statutory advisory required by the new Planning Act. is clarified couple, with an English address, to build 27 role to the council under the Planning Act in two rulings issued in April in relation to two-storey houses in Falcarragh. The 2000. A development with 27 houses is a permission for new housing developments in planning was subject to 24 conditions, none very large development for this area and we the Conamara and Kerry Gaeltaehtai. . of w hich made any reference to the Gaeltacht made the submission to safeguard the However, the policy won't apply to single or the Irish language. language and other social issues in the houses. The two cases where linguistic While it was reported that Udaras na Falcarragh area. This development could conditions must be imposed by legal Gaeltachta has appealed the decision a .bring in 100 mainly voting people to agreement involve a development in Baile spokesman for an Udaras said they had made Falcarragh which has a population of S52 an Fheirtdaraigh (Ballyferriter). Co Kerry, a “submission" and not an appeal to An Bold according to the 2002 census. And this could and in Na Forhacha ( K miles west of Galw ay Pleanala to express concern, about social and have a significant impact on the Irish c ity ). Co Galway. The planning permission language issues. If this is the ease it may not language in the area.' received from Kerry County Council by a have legal status as an appeal. This is the The spokesman stressed that Udaras Dingle company. Southbound Properties, for second time that Udaras has expressed understand the need for housing but the the development in Bally ferriter carried a concern about building in the Donegal authorities should be "very careful’' ‘when number of conditions, including the use of Gaeltacht. Last November a development of granting planning permission in Gaeltacht Irish names for the development. However, eight houses and 12 apartments in nearby areas. He also questioned whether there was the linguistic aspect wasn't considered to be Gortahork was refused planning permission a proper economic and social infrastructure specific enough by Donncha 6 hEallaitbe. an after appeals by local people and the in Falcarragh to cope with the influx of Irish-language activist based at Galway- Gaeltacht Authority. young people. Mayo Institute of Technology. He lodged an appeal on behalf of a group of local residents. An Boril Pleanala has ruled that 75 per cent of the dwellings actually constructed must be lived in by Fish-speakers. This percentage is based on census figures for Fish-language use in this Kerry Gaeltacht area and must be secured in a legal agreement between the developer and the local authority. The appeals board has also ailed that 60 percent of the residential development with retail and office space in P'urbo, Co Galway, will liuve to be occupied by Irish speakers -a percentage also based on census figures for daily Irish use in that area. Fluency will be determined under existing standards set for Gaeltacht housing, relating to the head of the household, rather than by any specific new rules. In a third ruling however ail appeal by residents of the Gaeltacht village ol' An Spideal (Spiddal), Co Galway, against a scheme of 17 new houses on lands formerly owned by Lord Killanin at Bothuna. near An an baingean! Spideal. was rejected because the initial outline planning approval was awarded under the old Galvvav County development As the Placenames t CcantaF Gaeltachta) reported that the majority of An Daingean plan which did not allow for language Order 2004 takes effect all place names and residents were more than happy w ith the Irish protection. village names in Gaeltacht areas must he in languuge only version. This episode led the In both the Furbo and Ballyferriter cases, Irish only and English and bilingual signage usual anti Irish elements in the English the language conditions apply for the next 5 has been replaced. While Irish only signage language media (such ns the papers in the years and residential units let for less than has been used in Gaeltacht areas since the Irish Independent stable particularly) to three months a year for holiday purposes will early seventies Fish names must also now be launch u round of questioning on the cost of be exempt. The board also emphasised that used for all official purposes such as planning lire implementation of provisions for services while they will be guided by census figures applications. A recent instance relating to the in Irish of the Official Languages Act. for daily use of Irish in determining how replacement of Dingle with An Daingean. in Minister lor Gaeltacht Affairs. Eamon 6 many dwellings should be occupied by Irish County Kerry. led to a mini hoo-ha in the Cuiv. siood his ground, pointing out that the speaker the census figures will be used as a English language media when one Kerry extensive debate on the Official Languages guide, but not an "absolute" one. "In some County councillor called for retention of Act as it passed through its various drafts had instances, the board may choose to increase Dingle on grounds of 'international been largely ignored by those now raising the percentage of residential units to be branding'. We were told that most people these issues and that the legislation was rights occupied by Fish-speakers”. wanted ibis. However when the Irish daily based giving legislative effect to the status of Meanwhile the requirements of the LA investigated the matter in the town it the Irish language in the Irish Constitution. Perilous State of Gaeltacht Education New Policy

A report commissioned hy An Comhairle even in half of the schools in the strongest urn Oideachas Gaellachtu ugus GaellaehUu. from Gaeltacht Gaelscoilatochta (Education Council for Most Gaeltacht schools do not have a Gaeltacht and Irish language medium language policy nor is there a system to give Authority schools, established by the Government in direction or advice in the development of 2002 after a long campaign by such. Although Irish is the normal means .of Gaclscoileanna) paints an alarming picture communication of the vast majority of of the state of the language in Gaeltacht teachers the report notes the significance of In March the new Chief Executive of schools. English being dominant in 18% of the Udaras na Gueltachla (the Gaeltacht The report which was published in early second level schools. Irish is not dominant in Development Authority ). Padraig OhAolain. June found that education in Gaeltacht any second level school in the smaller launched a new action plan for 2005-2010. It schools was encouraging the use of English Gacltachtai in Mayo. Waterford or Cork. heralded a new approach in so far as it amongst native Irish speakers more than it The Report calls for greater efforts to be addresses language issues also. The Udaras was nourishing Irish. The report states that made to encourage teachers to improve their has often been accused by Irish language the position is so bad that some Gaeltacht competency and to encourage those who are activists of placing too much emphasis on schools have turned almost completely to competent in the language. It also industrial development and not concerning English while in others the language position recommends: itself with language matters or the effects of is in the balance. English is the language of • A new definition of Gaeltacht schools to industrial development on the language. instruction in almost 50% of class sessions in include Gaclscoileanna which may lie primary and second level schools and it is outside the Gaeltacht areas. dominant as the language of instruction in • Gaeltacht schools should be administered 25% of primary schools and 33% of second as a separate educational sector with level schools. Unless the circumstances appropriate support and advisory serv ices. under which the schools operate change and • Priority should be given to educational the necessary support services are provided resources. the report states that few Gaeltacht schools • There should be an immediate review of will be teaching through Irish in twenty years facilities and investment for training lime. primary and post primary teachers. The provision of educational aids in Irish is • The work of the Gaeltacht schools and not satisfactory and the shortage of teachers Gaclscoileanna should be viewed as port with Irish has meant that teachers without of a broader language planning strategy Irish have been employed. Twenty five per • Provision should be made for a cent of pupils leave primary school with only comprehensive youth service to he middling Irish and ten per cent with little or established in the Gaeltacht. no Irish. For second level the figures are eighteen per cent and ten per cent. Even in According to Breandtin MacCormaic. the stronger GaellaeIn areas fourteen per cent el lain nan of the council, the future of the of those in sixth class do not have fluent Irish Gaeltacht is threatened. He warned. ’If the or have no Irish. English is the normal perilous current state of Gaeltacht education communication medium in most Gaeltacht is not resolved, the future of the Gaeltacht schools and is in use in the school environs itself is threatened'.

The North - gains for Sinn Féin and DUP * I In the elections o f early May for the Paisley declared the Good Friday agreement I ^ Westminster parliament the results in the dead and seemed to close the door on power Padraig Ó hAolain, North reflected those of the Local Assembly sharing. His v iew not shared by Blair or Irish Chief executive o f Udaras na Gaeltaclita elections. Despite the attempts to links Taoiseach. Bertie Ahem and was dismissed republicans with the robbery of £38m from hy Sinn Fein's President Gerry Adams, (who the Northern Bank in Belfast in December in April had called on the IRA to end its In recognition of die decline in the Irish (and indeed statements from Hugh Orde. 'armed struggle' and fully embrace politics - Chief of the PSNI. that it was carried out by a call lor which a response is still awaited). language community in the Gaeltacht the the IR A - but with no charges being made, or He stated that the Belfast Agreement Udaras will set up a consultative committee evidence produced) and the casting out of remained the template for political on language planning, develop thirty units polite political circles of Sinn Fein development. Ian Paisley later called for total for language maintenance and learning (including exclusion from the St Patrick's IRA disbandment while the Irish government across all Gaeltacht areas and strengthen Day celebrations in the US) in the wake of position is Lhat of calling for 'a clear and their language planning department and the outfall of the Robert McCartney murder. unambiguous end of all paramilitary and support services for youth in the Gaeltacht. Sinn Fein increased its vote by 3%. gaining criminal activity and to see the end of They will support communities to strengthen 24.3 %of the total vote. The party increased decommissioning'. Whether Paisley will ever and extend social networks which sustain its number of MPs from 5 to b while the share power in the changed political and promote the language as a community SD LP retained their three seats. landscape remains to be seen - it seems likely language. The Udaras hopes to create 800 The other main result was the consolidation no matter how far the IRA goes it will never new jobs each year and will operate to help of the Rev. Ian Paisley's DUP at the expense he enough for him. Obviously there is quite a and expand co-operatives. Consultation will of their unionist rivals, the Ul.fP. The DUP long way to go before any chance of getting increased its vote by 11%. and gained three close to the position of early last December take place between now and year end with scats giv mg them a total of 9 while the UUP where agreement on rev tval of the Executive Gaeltacht communities to agree action plans was eclipsed, losing four of their live seats. seemed possible but equally the status quo or to strengthen the language in strong areas Following talk' with British Prime Blair Ian direct rule seem unacceptable. and revive it in weak areas. THE EU CONSTITUTION CRISIS ... WHAT IS TO BE DONE?

First, all democrats should rejoice at the defeat of the conspiracy o f the EU's governors Brussels back to the States. It provided against the governed which was the proposed EV Constitution. instead that Brussels should be given many mure powers. The EU Budget should be Lei us enjoy ihe dismay of the Eurocrats, between States on common problems, not drastically cut. EU national offices should be the Eurofanaucs and the Eurobullies. The supranational control from above by the rton- closed down. The Commission's vast politicians who gel more personal power for elected EU Commission, the power-hungry propaganda budget should be abolished. themselves at the expense of National EU Court of Justice and the oligarchy of the Parliaments and citizens, as ever more EU Council of Ministers. 4. RESTORE EUROPE'S NATIONAL functions of government are shifted front the CURRENCIES: national to the EU level. The bureaucrats in The currency markets and the Euro's own Brussels and the Member Stales who are internal contradictions will ensure that the freed thereby from democratic control over euro will now never become the currency of their decisions. The journalists who have all 25 EU States. The split over the EU prostituted the values of objective reporting Constitution between France and Germany It) become missionaries for the integration on Ihe one band and the U K . Sweden. project. The paid ideologues of the European Denmark and the Central and East European Movement and the Jean Monnet Professor­ Stales on the other, corresponds to the fault- ships. In Ireland the Iveagh House acolytes line between those inside and outside the of Dr Garret FitzGerald and Mr Noel Dorr, eurozone. The Constitution was meant to who have misgtiidedly spent their lifetimes provide a Federal State political working towards making their fellow- superstructure for the euro: hut now that will countrymen citizens of an EU State am by never be. What we have is one currency and people whom they do not elect and cannot 12 States, with no one State responsible for control... maintaining the euro's value. The French As democrats let us rejoice to see Jean want "social France" and a 35-hour working Monnet's Euro-federalist project now week. The British want liberalism, liee- headed for the rocks of history' as the Europe marketry and a 48-ltour week. Both are of that great political realist Charles dc entitled to what their people want, but they Gaulle reasserts iiscll again, the statesman arc not entitled to try to impose it on who once said: "Europe is a Europe of the everyone else- through the EU in the name of Nations and the States or it is nothing.” “ social Europe" - or “ liberal Europe" for that Anthony Coughlan. National Platform The peoples of France and Holland have matter. Each country can decide its own and Senior Lecturer Emeritus dealt a mighty blow to supranalionalism anti policy on such issues if they have their own Euro-federalism. What is now to he done? - Social Policy, Trinity College, Dublin national currencies, so that movements in the exchange rate would take the strain of /. HUILI) STRONGER CROSS­ different policies. That cannot happen in an NATIONAL LINKS: The most important 3. REPATRIATE POWERS PROM EU Monetary Union. The euro may last thing for democrats and EU-critics across BRUSSELS TO THE MEMBER STA TES: some years yet. hut its days are numbered. our continent to do now is to suengthen the Democrats should now insist on a proper As Otmar Issing. Governor of the European links forged in cross-national campaigns debate on Europe's future and on what dis­ Central Bank, has said: "There is no example against the EU Constitution and keep in peoples of Europe, not the EU elite, desire. in history of a lasting monetary union that touch with and support one another in the This should take place in the 25 National was not part of one State." time ahead as the Eurofederalists regroup. Parliaments and among the citizens of the Democrats on the Left and on the Right have EU countries. Not one of Ihe National 5. AN ALTERNATIVE EU OE a common interest in defending the Nation Parliaments discussed T H E PRIN C IP LE of DEMOCRACIES: The outline of an Stale and national democracy. They should whether they wanted an EU Constitution alternative EU that was produced by continue to cooperate or work in parallel, prior to the Eurofederalists deciding that they dissident members of Giscard's Convention, excluding any truck with racist or neo-fascist would try to foist one on them. We do not including Denmark’s Jens-Peter Bonde movements, through such networks as need I()().()()() pages of EU laws that seek to MEP. the Czech Republic's Jan Zahradil TEAM (The European Alliance of EU- harmonise everything. The corrupt and MP. Britain's David Heathcoat-Amory MP. crilical Movements).the European No inefficient Brussels apparatus must he Ireland’s John Gormley TD and others, Campaign etc. dismantled. Powers should be repatriated provides a sensible interim programme of from the b ll to the Nation States: foreign and reforms for a more slimmed-down. more 2. PEOPLE W ANT COOPERA TION NOT security policy, crime and justice policy, democratic and more decentralised EU for CONTROL IN EUROPE: Cherry-picking immigration policy, monetary policy, health those who want that. Its details can be found the EU Constitution and seeking to policy, fisheries policy, much of the at www.bonde.com.www.euabc.com. and in implement it in bits and pieces despite the reactionary Common Agricultural Policy, the Convention's own Report. People should French and Dutch No voles would be a which exploits the world's poor countries copy it from there and disseminate it widely blatant affront to democracy. All attempts by while making our own food more expensive. as one practical scheme for an EU that is EU Governments to do this should be The possibility of doing this was mooted in closer to what the peoples of the EU want vigorously opposed. The EU does not need a the Laeken Declaration which set out the than the EU that currently exists. Constitution. The Treaty of Nice proclaimed terms of reference of the Convention on tile itself as the EU's enlargement treaty . We Future of Europe that drew up the EU Anthony Coughlan. need a Europe of free trade between its Constitution. Yet the Constitution did not Secretary, The National Platform developed economies. We need cooperation propose devolving a single power from EC Research and Information Centre

lf> Cam KARAEZ CA R HA IX Sal r ii viz Matara KernoAV Domi'u^J : ir

DYDHWEYTH AN YETH BRETONEK

Synsvs veu dhe'n 5 a vis mcthcven perthyans. hag a ll... dies oll kowethasow o • Deve/.h ar Brezhoneg » (Dydhweyh an ri dyskansow brelonek rag teveslgyon... DEVEZH AR BREZHONEG Yeth Bretonek) rag an weyili nessu yn Gwerys veu kowethas « Dazont ar yezh » JOURNET DE LA LANGUE BRETONNE Karaez (Carhuix yn Frynkck) ana. Synsys sans OfLs ar Brezhoneg ha Kuzul vw Ju a fu m veu un jydh ma guns koweihas « Dazont ar Sevenadurel Breizh. obmi yezh » (Termyn a dheu an Yeth). Pur Invven Dudhelva yn-kever gwynncl rag an yeth a o tus an kowethas «ans sewena an darvos ! veu profys gans Anne-Lise Deleon. An Res yw ilhyn perthi kov hos skoedhys an vlvdhen ma yth csa dadhelva yn Frynkck Summary: jydh nagans <• ( Mis ar Brezhoneg • ! Ymra henwys « Prag dyski Bretonek y'n 2F The •• Day o f the Breton language >■ took 3.000 ha 5.000 den a dheti dhe'n darvos un lufnsvlydhen? >>. Tus kowethas « Dazont ar place this year for the second time on the 5lh vlvdhen eus passys ! yezh » a vynnsa prot’ya dihavaJ testennow .Inné. This event was organized once again by Ervirys veu an vlvdhen eus passys wosa an ha dadhelvaow pub hlydhen rag dydhweyth « Dazont ar Yezh I Future of the language) darvos dhc witha kynsa Sul an mis an yeth brelonek. I a vynnsa displegya led by a voting woman called Anne-Lise Metheven avel dydhweyth an yeth brelonek gwrians yn ha der an Bretonek. Herwydh Deleon. It had been decided that the event puh hlydhen. Tus koweihas « Dazont ar Anne-Lise Deleon < pur boesek yw gorra an would he held annually every first Sunday of Yezh » a vynn gui kuntellyuns kewar rag dus dhc sevel. dhe wruthyl traow rag an jydh June. It was a good occasion fo r those Dydhweyth an Yeth Brelonek yn termyn na ». involved in the struggle for the language to kewar yn spyrys an dus. An kctli amkan sans Profys veu un vlydhen ma oferenn. ilow, exchange information, experiences, etc. A an keth spyrys. cJell lavar Anne-Lise sportow hengovek. gwariow. kanow ha debate In French called » Why learning Deleon. Hembrenkyas kowethas « Dazont dadhelvaow yn Bretonek. Res yw dhyn Breton In the 21st century'.' » was also ar yezh » yw an vyrgh nui. perthi kov hos heb kost an darvos.-.. organized. More information at: Kowethasow an « Entsav » (an Omsav Pella derivadow onh www.devezh.eom wivw.devczli.com or devezharhrezhoneg brelonek) a allas kesehanjya derivadow. po onh devez.harhrezhone»

SOLEMPNŸÀNS A'N YfcTH KERNEWfeK/ A CELEBRATION OF THE CORNISH LANGUAGE

The Cornish language organisation Kowethas an Yeth Kerncwek launched its new design and image lor the twenty-first century on June 1st. Promoted as Solempnyans a'n yeth Kernewek (a celebration of the Cornish language), the Cornish Language Fellowship event intended 'to mark the progress of the language and to promote a fresh and dynamic approach to its use today'. By re-branding, Kowethas. which was founded in 1979. intends to bring Kernewek closer to the general public by encouraging more and more people to use the language in their everyday lives. Dr Lovedav Jenkin, Chair person of Kowethas. said at the launch, held at the Hall for Cornwall in Truru. that. "Kowethas isn't just for those fluent in Cornish... Kowethas is for everyone, whether they know a few words or only one ... we must gel them to use the Cornish language as much as possible and show them that Cornish is fun'. Martin Sanders of Sanders Design was responsible for the re-branding of the organisation. Having attended a Cornish language pre-school in the early 1980's, Martin has grown up with the Cornish Martin Sanders IDesigner) presenting bis new logofor language. "I wanted the logo to reflect a w ave and the feeling of being Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek drawn in. Just as the sea is a tremendous natural force, the Cornish language, like the sea, has the power to draw people in loo - why else In addition Kowethas an Yeth Kernewek had a stall on Teuton Quay have so many people learnt a language over a hundred year period that oil Saturday 4th June, where they sold Cornish language materials, holds no economic gain for them, except for the knowledge that it is including books and Films and further promoted the work of the the language of their culture: the language of Cornwall." organisation and the language to a wider public. Borouph Council French Navy play down (five their Submarine Involvement in approval to Fishing Tragedy

Beach French naval authorities have tried to In August 3984 Scottish trawler MFV play down the possible involvement of a Huntress snagged and towed. The incident French or NATO submarine in the was later acknowledged by United Kingdom development mysterious sinking of the Breton trawler. - the submarine never surfaced. Bugalcd Breizh which sank, mysteriously, In May 1985 pair trawlers MFV Willing off the coast of the Lizard in January 2004 Lad and MFV Family Friend were towed Restormel Borough Council gave their with the loss of 5 of its crew. astern for five minutes before fishing gear approval on 1st June, to a controversial French Naval Chief. Admiral Jean Louis parted. The submarine never surfaced. development to redesign the sea wall at Battet, told the media that whilst tile In February 1987 the MFV Summer Carlyon Bay. St Austell in preparation to authorities understood the pain of the Morn was snagged and lowed in an incident build 51 I luxury holida) apartments and a families who had lost loved ones on the that covered over 10 miles and a duration of leisure complex The Council's approval of trawler the finger of blame should not be 3 hours. Eventually the Skipper cut his gear. the plans is a slap in the face for Carlyon Bay pointed at naval authorities. A device picked up in the area identified the Watch (CBW). the campaign group set up to Admiral Battel cited an example some submarine as American and subsequently oppose the commercial development by the years ago in which a US submarine sank a compensation was paid. Ampersand Group Ltd. Japanese ship and said the submariners In 1989 the Irish MFV Contcstor was The Council meeting was attended by over involved surfaced and tried to assist rescue snagged by a submarine. Subsequent debris 100 members of the general public, many of operations. recovered included a Submarine sonar buoy whom were members of CBW. Restormel could only give their approval to the plans, as the final decision resides with John Prescott, Deputy Prime Minister. CBW is now hoping that Prescott will call a public inquiry into the development. Ail Scoren Kernewek The Cornish Branch • > • • • ] are opposed to the development for a number « » • r of reasons. In addition to the environmental and social impact of building such a large scale, unsustainable commercial develop­ ment on the edge of a small village and on a beach, is the belief dial Restormel Council's approval w ill send the message to the owners of the large number of privately owned beaches in Cornwall, that they could also ‘cash in' on potential future developments. All those who oppose this and similar developments are asked to write immediately to the Assistant Planning Manager at the address below, calling for a full public The Bugaled Breizh teas raised and returned to France inquiry into the decision by Restormel Borough Council at St. Austell on 1st June However Admiral Battel has a somewhat — the British submarine did not surface. Ref 05/00028. selective memory when it conies to incidents Meanwhile in new information from the Mrs Michelle Peart, involving submarines and motor fishing Royal Navy sent to the League it is confirmed Assistant Planning Manager. vessels (MFVs) and we have written to him that designated Fishing Vessel Safety Ships Government Office of the South West. drawing his attention to some incidents in (FVSSs) tasked to the exercise which Mast House. 24 Sutton Road. European waters which cast the submarine commenced just after the Bugaled Breizh Plymouth. PL.4 OHJ. services of various navies in a less positive sank did not commence operations until the R Tal-e-bot light. exercise was underway on the 16th January We set out below some examples. 2004. In 1982 the British submarine HMS To put this in context the detail of the Porpoise snagged the Irish trawler MFV exercise was notified to mariners via the LIBERAL DEMOCRAT KERNOW Sheraiga dragging it under in seconds. The Maritime and Coastguard Agency issuing a trawler did not surface and the Sheraiga crew SUBFACTS notice at one minute past Since the May 5th General Election ail of were abandoned in the water. Fortunately a midnight on the 15th of January (the notice Cornwall's five Parliamentary Constituen­ nearby fishing vessel rescued them. was subsequently re-broadcast at four cies now hold a Liberal Democrat Member In February 1984 the Breton trawler hour intervals), The Fishing Vessel Safety of Parliament. Previously, the Falmouth and MFV Jean de Lorraine was snagged and Ships however did not take up station until Camborne constituency held a Labour Party towed astern for several miles and the exercise commenced on the 16th MP. hut in May this marginal seal was won subsequently cut fishing gear cable to break January. by 2b year old Julia Goldsworthy. free. An unidentified submarine spotted soon We will be querying with the MoD why. Mebyon Kernow — the Party for Cornwall alter 4-5 miles away. given that traffic including submarines on stood in four out of the live constituencies, In August 1984 the English trawler MFV passage to the exercise area was deployed, having made an agreement with the Green Joanna C snagged and towed astern and was why SUBFACTS and FVSSs were not Party not to stand against their only ordered by navy to cut gear - submarine deployed simultaneously. candidate in the St Ives constituency. never surfaced. J . B. M offat! Vretyn Vooar* as eer ‘Sostyn’ rish ny h- ellanyn shoh myrunnid. agli cha nel ad goaill risii y feerid dy vel shin ooilley ayns yn Oarpey. Y boirey t'ayn. shen dy vel 'Yn Männin Oarpey' er jccl dy ve ny ennym politickagh syn ynnyd jeh ennym ayns chceroaylleeaght. Risii keeadyn dy vlecantyn. t'eh er ve myr polasee ee lir-relll Hostyn dy hickyraghey dy row ny h-Albinee. Bretnee. Cornee. Manninee as Yernee fo'n smaghi oc as scarrit rish sleih gaueagh ayns y cheer vooar Oarpagh. Phrow ny Spaainee as ny Frangee V Mee-unnaneys dy chooney lesti ny h-Albinee as ny Yernee. as foddee dy row eer ny Manninee arrymagh ro nrrylingli dy chìonnaghey sino veih n> Frangee sy hoghtoo eash jeig. Ta tradishoon Oarpagh liauyr oc ny Sostnee as drogh ourys oc er joarreeyn agglagh ayns y cheer vooar Oarpagh - as shitnmey Celtiagli ellanagh ta Ayns Cam carro« 129. va art lajer guee er Sostynee son cooishyn eddyrashoonagh. as smooinaghtyn er yn uglit cheddin. Myr shen. sleih dy voyal (my va lhcid y vote oc) noi'ii dy Iminagli dia nel Mannin cheu-mooic ny tra va ny reiraneyn shen caillt. cha row vunraght va slcili pooaral ennagh kiarail cur eheu-sthie jeh'n Unnaneys Oarpagh (stayd monney Sostnee keayney. brec da son yn Unnancys Oarpagh. Mastey l'eer Vanninagh). Ga dy vel eh jeeaghyn dy Ta'n gaue smoo nisli dy jean Tony Blair rcddyn elley. va'n art gra dy row yn vunraght vel paart dy pholitickeyryn Manninagh cleavney sleih ayns cheeraghyn y cheer treealit shen ayns t'oayr jeh impirotlaghys. geddyn ny biirelyn oc veih Daily Mail vooar d'eiyn er *y trass aght' cchey. She laissez-faire, preevaadjaghey shirveishyn Hostyn. la heggan dy voirey ayns Mannin dy tjoider emulagli y fer shen oddys jannoo theuyagh, meanaghcy yn Unnancys nv smoo. row yn vunraght eeatil magli (t'eh jeeaghyn) cluic er sleih lesh gialdynys foalsey as goan gpaill pooaraghyn elley veih ard-whaiyllyn er y fa dy beagli staydys Vannin er ve reaghit brynnagh. Va'n sellici eehey ry akin ayns ashoonagh. lowal da ard-pholitickeyryn recshl sy vunraght shen. Vel reddyn licose ard-whaiyl yn Oarpey tra loayrt eh ayns shen caghlaa yn vunraght myr bailliu. as jannoo syn aer nisli bcntyn rish staydys Vannin? gerrid lurg ny refraneyn shen. Kionfenish. va ncunhce jeh eheeraghvn beggcy yn S'doillee gra ere haghyrys nisli bentyn rish ymmodee politickeyryn voisli elieerughyn Unnancys. Red siane deynlagh. dy jarroo. cooish erbee ta'n Unnaneys Oarpagh deUul ancliasley va siane noi Blair. By vie lesh Neayr's va'n art shen currit magli, la sleih rish. kuse jeu eli y varroo. Cre hagliyr? Loavr eh ayns y Cheer Injil as ayns y Rank er votai dy Bee sleih dy liooar ayns Nerin l'eer wooiagh er aght gliek as shliawin. Deaisht ad risii dy lajer noi’n vunraght. Ayns ny cheeraghyn dy vel eli jeeaghyn dy vel y vunraght marmo. h-arrymagh son y chooid smoo as wonill ad shen. ga dy row yn sleih niartal as bunrtys Hannah, cha bee Nerin geddyn eho wheesh ny hassyn oc. Rum jeh ny politickeyryn shen. ooilley ny pabyryn-nuight as ny stashoonyn d'argid velli Ti Unnaneys lurg da cheeraghyn lice ad toiggal dy vel 'y trass aghi' yn un red radio as chellveeish guce er v theay dy votai elley cheet stiagli ayn. Agli nish. la stayd ima as preevaadjaghey dy chooilley red. son y son y vunraght. reti y theay votai noi eek lesh ayn. er yn oyr itagli vel eh liklee dy bee rum chooid smoo. Ee y traa t'ayn ayns Sostyn. ta Itomi agli mooar ayns y daa licer. Va'n cheeraghyn noa cheet dy ve nyn olteynyn seanunylt lurg scammylt cheet risii, bentyn chooid smoo jeh ny fir-toshee sy Cheer Injil jeh'n Unnaneys. As kyndagh ish ny votyn rish preevaadjaghey reddyn. goaill stiagli as y Rank gra dy beagli eh goti risii jerrcy yn jiooldagh, ta'n troddan son ard-steat séoillyn as thieyn-lheihys as traenyn. idilli dy jinnagli sleih votai noi’n vunraght Oarpagh jeant smoo faa.se. Myr shen. son y Oddagli oo gra dy vel delleyderyn geid ayns ny refraneyn. C'ha ren ny padjeryn jeh traa t'ayn. cha bee treealtys son armee millioonyn dy phiim veih ny h-eeekeyderyn- ny lughtyn-reill caghlaa aignaghyn erbec. Oarpagh as y llieid geddyn monney geill - keesh Goaldagh gagh sbiaghtin. Ta lught Ayns daa heer hug y Covargey er bun. ren ny shimmey Vernagli nagh vel geearree cooney Blair gymniydey yn fockle 'jeianaghey' lughtyn-reill coayl. Gyn otirys. shimmey oyr lesli impiroilaghys kyndagh rish shennaghys (‘modernisation') dy mennick. Shen y coad ren ad coayl. Ayns y daa heer. va ny Nerin. oc son preevaadjaghey. voteyryn skee jeh ny reiltyssyn oc. T'eh Gyn ourys erbee. hug Tony Blair hot lise da Shimmey art t'ayns pabyryn-naight Hostyn jeeaghyn dy vel voteyryn sy Cheer Injil Jee tra vote ny Frangee noi'n vunraght. Er ta guee mollaght er ny 'Frangee litcheragh'. smooinaghtyn d\ vel ad cur rouvr argid da'n aghi ennagh. va laue yn eagluyr eehey er T'ad eoomit dy ve litcheragh er y fa itagli vel Unnaneys. Va ny Frangee laccai l'reayll yn Chirae. yn eaghtyranc Frangagli. Lurg rum ad laccai dy chooilley nhee dy ve jeant argid ry boi pohlldal eirinys Frangagli, as ella arganvs tammylt er dy henney. ehoard Blair preevaadjagli. coardail rish saraghyn veih row ad laccai shirveishyn iheayagh dy gholl dy beagh refrane sy Reeriaght Unnaneyssii America as lught-dellal. Fodmayd guee er preevaadjaghey. Ayns gagh cheer, va mychione y vunraght (Tarpagli. Eisht dooyrt mollaght er Staillin son cur drogh ghoo da drogll ourvs ee sleih mychione tooilley sleih Chirae dy beagh refrane sy Rank. Bee eli soshiallys. Neayr.s v’eh grail dy row cheet dy chummal ayns ny cheeraghyn oc. trinishagh ass tovvse dy dooyrt eh shen. soshiallys marmo ta sorch dy Staillìnys Tra va ny refraneyn cui Ut. v’eh anaasagh dy Foddee dy noddagli eh er chur er yn ard- burgaishagh er jeet rish: shegin dooin chlashtyn ny dooyrt ftr veih y lughtyn-reill whaiyl Rangagh dy votai son y refrane Ihiggey er dy vel dy chooilley nhee ny ss daa heer. V’ad soilshaghey nagh row ad fegooish refrane erbee. goll risii ny cholught della!. Ayns Sostyn nish t'ad loayrt toiggal deynlaghl ro vie: ‘Ta'n pohble er Gemmane. Veih’n toshiaght. la ourys mooar mychione thieyn-lheihys theayugh as ad nyannoo marran - reaghmayd refranenyn er ve er ny Sostnee mychione y chalee 'coayl argid'. Feiy ny eruinney nish. ta lught elley as inshmayd dauc dy votai dy kiart y Oarpagh - joarrceyn aiti loayrt eddyroe hene yn argid (as sleih elley) gra nagh vodmayd keayrt shoh..' mychione cooishyn bolvaneagh ayns l'ordrail y steat-lhiasee (welfare state). Agli Bcntyn rish ny Celtiee. ere big ass ny "Europe' - ear y traa ta ny Sostnee (as sleih shen yn Oarpey ren eroi) yn steat-lhiasee as laghyrtyn shoh? Stic Marmin yn ynrican elley) smooinaghtyn nagh vel ny h-cllanyn dia nhegin dooin eeau ersoovl eh myr red cheer Cheltiagh nagh vel syn Unnaneys shoh ayns yn Oarpey. Dy dooghyssagh. t'ad brisht. She red onnoroil t'ayn. As t'eh Oarpagh. Agli tu Marinili fi» ordaag ny hooingh dy liooar dy ghra 'Y Vretvn' ny *Y uriuasagh nagh Blair as e phossan goaill NEW MANX LANGUAGE OFFICER

Rosemary Derbyshire has been appointed timetabled subject like French or Gentian to the position of Manx Language Officer that would be a big step forward. Then we following the retirement of Phil Kelly in would get more children opting to do it at February last. GCSE and possibly A level.' Mrs Derbyshire As a child Mrs Derbyshire, née Gelling, added: ’Any' kind of language study is good was introduced to Manx by her grandfather. for the brain and the more languages you JW Gelling, who was head teacher at Jearn the easier it becomes to learn a Braddan Primary school. She attended Manx language. In the Isle of Man more and more events led by the late Dougie Fargher and jobs are being created where people use Adrian Pilgirn, but left the Island in the Manx". 1970s to attend University in England. She returned to the Island in 1987 hut it wasn't until 1991 that she turned to pursue her interest in Manx, attending classes with Joan ACHIEVERS IN MANX Caine and the late Dick Radcliffe. In 199y Mrs Derbyshire joined the Manx Language MATTERS AWARDED Units' team of peripatetic teachers. In an interview with the national The North American Manx Association newspaper. The Manx Examiner. Mrs launched n programme for outstanding Derbyshire said: "The tide has definitely achievement by young people for the turned as far as the teaching of Manx in Rosemary Derbyshire millennium of Tynwald in 1979. The awards schools is concerned. Since the programme - silver medals —are presented annually to w>as introduced in 1992 it has gone from “What I would like to see in the not too the winners. strength to strength There are now 850 distant future is perhaps children at key stage- There are five categories in the competition children having weekly Manx lessons ... three. which is years seven to nine, being which includes Manx music, arts and crafts. Now every child from the age of eight has a able to choose Manx as a timetabled lesson Manx language, outstanding contribution to chance to learn Manx and they can carry it on in school. At the moment they have to do it Manx culture and outstanding contribution to to A level if they desire. before or after school if it could become a the community or overcoming disability.

V Mee-unnaneyj Oarpagh Claghyn, gvn ourys. Code: J539M Ta sleih dy liooar er ve noi'n eie jeh'n Colour: Bottle Green (to standardise) Ourpey myr ard-steat unnaneyssit, Nish, bee Price: M09/4O) L(4J/42) XL(43/44> XXL/3XL £10.40 tooilley sleih myr shell ayn. Clia beagh ard- SWEATSHIRT steat foaysagh da ny Celtiee noadyr - veagh Code: J762M Iheid y steal goll er stiurey dy bollagh ec ny Colour: Bottle Green (to standardise) eheeraghyn mooarey. As ga dy vel sleih Price: M(39/4U) 1.(41/42) XL(43/44) XXL £11.00 ennagh sy Vrusxyl er ve goaill cowag 3XL/4XL £13.00 mychione 'subsidiarity' (cur tooilley pooar da sleih ynnydagh). clia nel shin e chlashtyn FLEECE JACKET monney mychione shen re y gherrid. Teh Code: RE36A (full zip) jeeaghyn nagh vod oo caglilaa yn steat- Colour: Bottle Green (to standardise) ashoon monney. Myr shen. Fell jeeaghyn dy Price: M(41")/L(44")/XL(4T')/XXL/3XL £16.95 nhegin da ny Celtiee jannoo lesh ny steatyii BASEBALL CAP ashoon son y traa t'ayn. Kyndagh rish Code: BC010 arganeyn syn Unnaneys Oarpagh er y Colour: Bottle Green (to standardise) gherrid. ta' n ashoonaghyx er ¡eel dy ve ny Price: £6.50 stroshey. Oyr ellcy dy bee ny stcatyn-ashoon tannaghtyn as nagh bee 'Oarpey ny h- Ardjyn’ eheet rish. Plus VAT @17.5%

Summary Plus Postage UK + NI £1.50 per garment or £12 max The current hitter disputes in the European EIRE + EU £2.00 per garment or £15 max Union after the apparent demise of the ill- fated constitution make it likely that the CONTACTS institution of the nation-state will be strengthened, making the emergence o f a TTSH1RTS, Queens Promenade, 'Europe of the Regions' very unlikely. Celts Douglas, Isle o f Man, I M2 4NH will welcome the setbacks for those who want a European superstate. Europeans +44 (0)1624 675160 should he wary o f siren words from Tony www.tthirts.com Blair about 'modernisation'. [email protected] Brian S to well Manx Government Sanctions Time UR Paid Illegal Activity up for

The scandal ridden government million, acquired via a company in the Isle of Man has buried its that Mr. Proffit had established as a Munitions Mess collective head even deeper inti' subjunct of the MEA. This was in the sand and effectively sanctioned addition to an authorised Events on the North West coast of the Isle illegal activity with a recent borrowing of £180 million. of Man in May last once again highlighted announcement by the Chief The borrowing was arranged the dangers posed by discarded munitions Minister. Donald Gelling. through Barclays Offshore Bank left over from exercise usage in the area in 1992. a proposal to link the Ltd. a banking operation registered which spanned half a century. Both on shore Island to the UK via a cable link in the Isle of Man with Mr. Proffit and in the sea to the North West of the Ayres was rejected by Mec Vannin as. amongst being a director. Mr. Proffit announced that large quantities of potentially dangerous other things, it would not benefit the Island he was not seeking a renewal of his contract and its people economically - just the with the MEA. which expired in January Of munitions have been abandoned. opposite, in fact. this year. Periodically, incidents such as the recent (See: http://www.manxman.co.im/mec\ an When these details emerged. Mr. Gelling, event cause a sweep to be made and a small /archive/generate.htmll then a member of the Treasury and now number of devices are recovered and At the same time, recommendations to Chief Minister, relayed the MF.A excuses disposed of. However, despite assurances, lie have a "T" connector put into a natural gas verbatim to the Island’s Tynwald assembly: Manx government has done nothing to pipeline being laid through the Island's sea­ It was claimed that the borrowing was legal. pursue the British government to carry out a bed territory were ignored. Now. the report by auditors KPMG has thorough clean up of the area. Nonetheless, when Mr. Mike Proffit took been finally published in lull and reveals that Only six months ago the Celtic League over the management of the government the borrowing was. indeed, illegal. Despite wrote to the (then) Isle of Man Chief owned Manx Electricity Authority in 2000. this. Mr Gelling announced on lire 22nd Minister. Richard Corkill MHK. expressing he pressed ahead will) a cable link to June, that no action will be taken. our concern at apparent double standards by England and hud the gas pipe "tapped into". Apparently, to prosecute criminal activity in Unbelievably, despite the enormous costs of the tax-haven may. "impact on the Island's the British Ministry of Defence which is these exercises, he also dropped electricity international reputation and have possible engaged in a major clean up of exercise areas charges. The economics didn't add up. but economic implications." Nothing new there, iu the UK and has paid substantial there was no way to challenge them front then. compensation over areas it has contaminated outside government. Meanwhile, the Island’s populace, who are overseas. Despite an exchange of Late last year, a crisis meeting of (he definitely not all wealthy tax-dodgers, arc correspondence (both written and oral) with Island's Council of Ministers was told that facing a possible doubling of electricity bills. the Chief Ministers Office no progress on the an audit required under law revealed a issue can be reported. massive unauthorised borrowing of £120 Mark Kerinode The Isle of Man provided ranges and facilities lor decades to assist the UK and the defence of Western Europe. It received no payment or benefit for these facilities and indeed paid a substantial levy for defence US LAW AGENCIES from the UK. It is past time the UK honoured the debts it owes the Manx people and started to repay them! SCRUTINISE TAX HAVEN J. B. Moffatt

Manx government jubilation about the At the beginning of June the Isle of Man's increase of monies deposited in the offshore dubious attractiveness to those seeking to lax haven will be tempered somewhat by the avoid paying tax was been highlighted when news that the Island is at the centre of a high a multi-millionaire businessman, who CELTIC LEAGUE profile US investigation. became a Labour minister, admitted holding AMERICAN In early June the Manx Treasury part of his personal fortune offshore in a announced that deposits with banking scheme that experts say could have helped PUBLICATION institutions on the Island had increased by him avoid £3m in tax. almost 8% from £2.38 billion to over £33 The junior minister in question, established There is a range of articles, reviews and a billion. offshore trusts and companies in the Isle of calendar of upcoming Celtic events in the However, the positive image portrayed by Man that handled £30m he raised from the current issue of SIX NATIONS ONE SOUL, this news has been tempered somewhat by sale of his business. Experts say such the newsletter of the Celtic League American the revelation that the Manhattan District arrangements are normally set up to avoid Branch. Attorney, the Securities and Exchange tax. SIX NATIONS is a regular publication Commission (SEC) and the US Internal The Manx authorities are always crowing (together with the Celtic Calendar) of the Revenue Service (1RS) are jointly probing a about the fact that the financial services New York based Celtic League operation tax-shelter plan run out of the Isle of Man. sector on the Island has been given a clean and the branch also operate their own web The revelations also contain a link to the hill of health and they have pointed in the site with a variety of cultural and historical US President in that the scheme being past to full cooperation with outside agencies features on each Celtic country. probed was devised by one of America's including those from the United Slates. Anyone interested in reading more about biggest banks and used by two billionaire It looks as if they will he getting more the work of the Celtic League in North donors to George Bush's election campaign opportunities to ‘cooperate fully' in the America should contact; among others. The probe is sent to inquire months ahead. Alexei Kondratiev into possible breaches of securities and anli- 35-12 161st Street, Flashing, money-laundering rules. J. It. Moffatt New York, 11358. USA Amnesty Urges Boycott of Restricted Celtica Finnucane Inquiry Michael Finnucane, son of Belfast solicitor Pat Finnucane murdered by loyalists, has welcomed the Amnesty International internet campaign to persuade senior British figures not to work with the planned inquiry into the murder secretary of the Spanish magazine called of his father. “Palaeohispanicaa magazine dedicated The inquiry is to the languages and cultures of Pre-Roman to be set up Spain. under new legis­ lation that will grant the British Book Description: government new The book first appeared in 1998. It had controls over then 269 pages and was a corner-stone in what is heard in the study of the Celtiberian language. public. Indeed, it was the first book only dedicated Pat Finnucane Amnesty’s UK to the Celtiberian language to be published. director Kate Carlos JORDAN CÔLERA It was then called "Introducción al Alien said: The (British government) wiil List price: 26.00 Celtibérico”. The title revealed that wc be able to control what the public finds P ap erb a ck : 476 pages (December 2004). were at the beginning of the study of that out, and what it doesn’t.’ A number of (169 x 239) mysterious and sometimes disconcerting other organisations and individuals have Publisher: Universidad de Zaragoza. Celtic language using an odd semi-syllabic also expressed their concerns about the Monognifias de Filologfa Griega N° 16 Iberian alphabet. Now some 7 years later, new legal framework for the proposed inquiry. Language: Spanish knowledge of the language has grown so The Finnucane family and IVtr Justice ISBN : 84-96214-9 that the book is now thicker. It now has 476 Peter Cory, the retired Canadian supreme pages and the title has been changed from court judge, who recommended the "Introducción al Celtibérico” to simply inquiry, have also rejected its terms. About the Author: Celtibérico”. More evidence of the lan­ They believe that the new measures Carlos Jordan C dlera is a 4 I year old guage has been found which has enabled would hinder the inquiry's independence, scholar. He is a Doctor in Classical Carlos Jordán Cólera and his staff to effectiveness and openness. Judge Cory Philology at the prestigious Spanish explain more words and to give us u better also called for inquiries into other University of Salamanca. While he was understanding of the language in general. contentious murders in which collusion working on his doctoral thesis “R ela cio n es The book contains valuable maps and fig­ between security forces and para­ dialectales entre el latin y el grieg o ", he ures showing a lot of objects with militaries is alleged. However, these was also working on several projects Celtiberian inscriptions. We also find one inquiries are to be held under existing linked to the Pre-Roman languages and chapter dedicated to phonetics and phonol­ legislation which is not contested by the cultures of the Iberian Peninsula (now ogy of the Celtiberian language and anoth­ families or human rights observers. Spain and Portugal) under the direction of er one dedicated to the morphology and Preliminary hearings have already been held in advance of full investi­ scholars such as F. V illar (University of lexicon of the language which have been gations into ‘he loyalist killings of human Salamanca). F. M arco and F. Beltran greatly enlarged in comparison with the rights lawyer Rosemary Nelson and previous edition. The translation of the (University of Zaragoza). The Celtiberian catholic Robert Hamiil. The British inscriptions or the meanings given to the language and culture and the siucly of Pre- government has also given the go-ahead Roman place-names were his main focus different recognized words are given with for an inquiry into the murder of loyalist of interest. He has published several acad­ great precaution as Carlos Jordán Cólera paramilitary leader. Billy Wright. emic articles in Spanish reviews such as considers that the corpus of the language is Geraldine Finnucane, widow of the “ E rnerita"Fontes Linguae Vascomun ” still very tliin and for some points of dis­ murdered solicitor, has written to senior and “V elela ”. and also in several famous cussion the decisive proof has still not British judges calling on them not to work international reviews such as " T h e been found. with any inquiry operating under the new Journal of Indoeuropean Studies ” , 1 highly recommend this book to all those legal frame work. Michael Finnucane “Zeitschrift fü r Romanische Philologie”. interested by this strange Celtic Language said, ‘One of things that the European "Beiträge zur Namenforschung” and called Celtiberian and to those who would Court has determined is there should be “F.tudes C e h iq u e s”. In 1998, he published like to discover it. Carlos Jordán Cólera a right-to-life inquiry in this case There has been a violation of rights and there "Introduceion al Celtiberico”. In 2001. he offers us an excellent study with up-to-date should be an investigation which is was responsible for the linguistic section of knowledge of it. Once again, his book is independent. But how can it be inde­ the corner-stone in the study and knowl­ the edition of the fourth Bronze of pendent under the new Inquiry's Act? He edge of the Celtiberian language. It Cnntrebia Behtisca: FJ IV Bronce de said his family and human rights Botorrita (Contrebia Belaisca): deserves to be known and read by Celtic observers viewed the Inquiry's Act, 2005, An/uetdogia y Linguistica. Salamanca. (F. scholars and people in Ireland and Great as ‘neither Western Park compliant nor V illar - M" A. D iaz - M. M" Medrano - C. Britain... Cory compliant’. Jo rd a n ). He is also the founder and the José CALVETE. Nuclear Dump REPUBticnn unn rein cxpuims Site List Made vieui on eu conum jTion

Public During a visit to Brittany as a guest of the "Ireland’s relationship with Brittany has Breton independence movement always been special, our shared Celtic A highly confidential list of EMGANN, the Vice President of heritage coupled with our shared experience locations for the potential disposal of Republican Sinn Fdin. Des Dalton spoke at a of colonialism and foreign occupation are nuclear waste drawn up by N IR EX Press Conference in Rennes on May 25. a the reasons for this. "Like EMGANN we has been made public after being kept public meeting also in Rennes on May 26 believe in die "right of absolute equality secret by the British government for and a meeting in Guingamp on May 27 between nations”. This is the only over 15 years. outlining Republican Sinn Fein's views on foundation upon which true peace and The information confirms what the proposed EU Constitution and neutrality. stability can be created internationally. many have suspected for some time - Their opposition to the Stomiont Agreement The Breton people can only experience that several sites in the Celtic countries and detcr-mination to end British rule in true democracy, when they have are listed as potential areas for Ireland was also explained. governmental structures which they have disposal. In addition to seven sites in "The entire EU political and economic created, which involve them and which are England locations on remote Island project is fundamentally undemocratic. It is accountable to them. Their right like that of sites off the coast of Scotland have about Lhe centralisation of power and all nations to elect a parliament and been short-listed. decision making, taking it away from the government which will legislate and govern various national parliament and placing it in In their best interests as well as representing Also two sites close to the Sellafield the hands of uncleeted bureaucrats. The them on the international stage is absolute. nuclear works are potential European Parliament is nothing but an over "The EU cannot provide die vehicle for this candidates. Most controversially subsidised talking shop, with real power kind of revolutionary change. As a body it disposal under the sea off Scotland wielded by the commission and the council denies the existence of the stateless nations between the Inner Hebrides and of ministers. "For small nations like Ireland of Europe, the philosophy, culture and Ireland is mooted and this is sure to and Brittany the EU merely represents history upon which it is based is imperialist. anger politicians and environmental another form of imperialism. Instead of For this reason we view the campaign groups in Ireland and Scotland. having power centred in London or Paris it against the EU Constitution as yet another Although no decision has as yet been will instead be administered from Brussels. front in the ongoing struggle for Irish reached about a long-term purpose- This will not change the reality of either Independence, for Breton independence and built repository for nuclear material British or French rule; it is merely replacing the independence and freedom of all the issue is very much a live one. one form of imperialism with another. stateless peoples. These new revelations will fuel opposition in Scotland and the Celtic countries generally against these areas Demonstration LTJm (¿rant for Irish Uniyiin<|c being used as a dump for Britain's nuclear mess. ItroiKkostiiiji in Murfli A complete list of the potential sites Reminds Bretons of One commitment in the Belfast Agreement assessed by N IR E X as being on the North was to 'seek more effective geologically suitable for a deep Freedom Struggle ways to encourage and provide financial underground repository is set out support for Irish language film and television below; A demonstration and commemoration were production in Northern Ireland.' The Joint held in Gwengamp. Brittany in June to Declaration in April 2003 stated that the • Adjacent to Bradwcll nuclear power remember some of those who have died in British government would establish an Irish station in Essex the Breton freedom struggle over the years language film and television production • Ministry of Defence land on Potton and also to remind Bretons of the ongoing fund. The fund's objective is to promote the Island, 8 km from Southend on Sea. court case and repression of Breton Irish language in the North through the Essex nationalists today. production and broadcasting of television • Under the North Sea, accessed from The meeting was co-operatively organised programmes and films. the port at Redcar, Yorkshire by CARB (the Breton prisoners' solidarity In June the European Commission • Under the sea between the Inner group) and Nationalist Organisation. authorised a British government grant of Hebrides and Northern Ireland, Emgann-MGI. £12in to the Northern Irish Language accessed from the port at As is generally the case with such events Broadcast Fund to support the production of Hunterston in North Ayrshire the demonstration w as attended by the media films and television programmes. • Killingholme, South Humberside and also attracted the usual intimidatory Competition commissioner. Ncclic Kroes • Ministry of Defence training area, scrutiny of the French Police. said that the subsidy was compatible with ELI Stanford, Norfolk However the demonstrators were not stale aid rules because the fund will promote deterred and a wreath to commemorate fallen culture. 'The fund fosters broadcasts for Irish • Adjacent to Dounreay nuclear plant Breton comrades such as Kristian ar Bihan. language speakers and I am happy to approve in Caithness Yann-Kel Kernaleguen and Jean Groix was state aid which promoted cultural and • Two sites near the Sellafield nuclear laid. The wreath laying was followed by a regional identity.' plant in Cumbria patriotic rendering of “Kan Bale An ARB" To qualify for funding, a minimum of 60% • Altnabreac in Caithness 18 km Bretons were urged to continue to give of the spoken word within a production must south of Dounreay practical financial support to the Breton be Irish and every production must be • Fuday. small, uninhabited island prisoners group. Skoa/.ell Vreizh. subtitled in English. The production must be north of Barra in the Western Isles Those outside Brittany in the other Celtic of artistic quality and should reach a • Sandray, small, uninhabited island countries who are sympathetic to the plight substantial audience in the North. south of Barra in the Western Isles of the Breton prisoners can also contribute Independent production companies will be messages of solidarity and financial support. eligible fair assistance from the fund but J. B. IVIoffatt Details of how to contact Skoazell Vreizh are grants can also be made to broadcasters in on iheir weh-.siic:www.skoazellvreizh.org exceptional circumstances.

Cam t------1 Rebuilding the Celtic Languages / Diarmuid Ô Neill ; Membership j First comprehensive attempt to apply the ] and | Fishman GIDS scale to the Celtic languages Rebuilding The aim is not only to explore the the Celtic i Subscriptions I strengthening of existing Celtic language communities and Celtic-speaking networks Language* j All those who agree with the constitution | in the six Celtic countries but also to explore j and aims of the Celtic League are eligible j how the Celtic languages can be j for membership. The membership/ re-established on a much wider scale than is j subscription rates (including Cam) are: presently the case. | Stg£I2: €20: US$30 (US funds, cheques j Edited by Canadian Diarmuid O Neill and i drawn on a US bank), includes contributions by prominent Celtic i Europe: Stg. £15 (uinnail): sociolinguists including Colin Williams, i Outside Europe: Stg. £18 (airmail). Marcel Texier, Pawl Birt, Kenneth Re largjage Sh ft MacKinnon and Brian Stowell. Foreword by i For information about the Celtic in the CpI(k tiKintrxrs Joshua Fishman. i League contact secretaries: This book should now be available for sale in the Celtic countries. It can also be purchased (Kutmuir) Ô Met! | ALBA. Iain Ramsay, from Y Lolfa’s Online Shop for £19.95 at | 22 Denholme Gardens. Greenock, http://www.ylolfa.com PA 16 6RF. Scotland j BREIZH Jakez Derouet. 10 Vcrouri-Nevez. 297(H) Ploveilh (Plomelin). Breizli/Brittany. j CYMRU Rohat apTomos, 11 Heol Gordon, Y Rhaih. Caerdydd. CF2 3AJ. j i EIRE Piidraigin Mylevreeshey Ar Bed i 33 Ceide na Griandige. Rath Ciiil. International Co. At ha Cliath. i KERNOW Sue Bowen, Venten Lynnow, ■ Branch Trevalgar, Bos Castle. TL35 ORG. Keltiek 1 MANNIN Cristl Jerry. 6Glenfaba Internet Site | Road. Peel. Tel: UK <<» 1624 843869. 1 On line books, records, Celtic art. http//homepages.enterprise,net/mlockerby \ ENGLAND BRANCH Florence Kenna. j Kemper: 02.98.95.42.82 72 Compton Street. London. Brest: 02.98.44.05.38 Email: International Branch Secretary | EC IV OBN. [email protected] j USA Margaret Sexton, c/o P.O. Box http://www.arbedke1liek.com 20153, Dag Hammarshjold Postal Centre. New York. NY 10017. i.... L ------j ! INTERNATIONAL BRANCH Mark Ar Bed Keltiek (2 Sir. Ar Boue Lockerby. 12 Magherdonnag. ma------H Groton, 29000 Kemper). i Pon> Helds, Fort Erin, IM9 6B3 . i When phoning from abroad, i Isle of Man. omit the 0 in the prefix. | American 1 GENERAL SECRETARY & P.R.O. 1 Bernard MolTatt. 11 C’leiy Rhennee. 1 | ‘Branch Kirk Michael. Mannin. j_ Internet Site \ Tel - UK (0) 1624 877918 | EDITOR Ms P. Bridson, I c e L t l c 33 Ceide na Griandige. Rath Cuil. Co. Atha Cliath. Eire. i League www.celticleague.org E-mail: [email protected] i Articles for Carn should he sent on disk i I ______i preferably in Microsoft Word or e-mailed i | i n t e r n e t i to the Editor. Appropriate photographs ! should be sent with them. : ceLtic league j Material for the next issue of Carn I s i t e j should reach the Editor no later than przess J 1st August 2005. Articles sent for [ http://www.manxman.co.im/cleague/ j publication in Carn must relate to our | rzeleases i aims. All materials copyright © Carn E-mail General Secretary: j Those who would like Celtic League press i unless otherwise stated. The views [email protected] releases via Electronic Mail can subscribe i expressed in Carn are not necessarily (free of charge) to the mailing list at: i those of the editor or of the Celtic E-mail Assistant G.S. i League. ! [email protected] ' http://groups.yahoo.com/group/celticjeague ISSN 0257-7860 L------l ------i L------j

24 C a m Printed by CRM Design + Print Ltd.. Dublin 12 •

Gaelic - Present Day Developments

Status for Breton Language?

Action on signs in Wales

Féile na nOiléan

IRA Decommissions

Call for Cornish Standard

Rebranding Mannin

Celtic Calendar 2006

Celtic League AGM

\ z h ALBA: AN COMANN CEILTEACH BREIZH: AR KEVRE KELTIEK CYMRU: YR UNDEB CELTAIDD ÉIRE: AN CONRADH CEILTEACH KERNOW: AN KESUNYANS KELTEK ŒLCIC L€AGU€ (M MANNIN: YN COMMEEYS CELTIAGH bruidhinn ar canain Danmhairceach iomadh bliadhna a chionn do rugadh Bismark. Ach tha ar teaghlach a’ bruidhinn a’ Gearmailtis a-main bhon a tha iad at teagasg tre’n Alba Gearmailis. Cuidich sinn bhon a tha sibh nur. duine cumhachdach ann an Copenhagen!” “Duilich ri radh, chan eil sin an fhirinn, chan eil mi. cumhachdach idir. ‘Se ‘back-bencher’ a tha annam gu bhrigh. Ach, ni mi mo TEAGASG TRE'N CANAIN CEART dhicheall.” arsa Sgadigart.

Iomadh bliadhna-seo chaidh bha aon leisgeul Iongantach ri ràdh, dh’fhàs e_na bhall air gach lip feadhWestminster ag r’adh:- phàrlamaid Dhanmairceach i-fhéin, ann an “Chan eil ach beagan Albannaich ag iarraidh Copenhagan. fèin-riaghladh idir ... Ach bha e anabarrach aonaranach! Cha do Ach cô bha ag àicheadh an leisgeul seo ach thachair ris riamh ball-pàrlamaid eile de’n Iain MacCarmaig. Shealladh e gun robh e phartaidh aige. ceart agus bha a’ mhor chuid den Albannaich Gu fortanach, bha Ceann-suidhe na a’ lorg saorsa na h-AIba. Pàrlamaid na dhuine coibhneil. Bha snodha- Chuir Iain MacCarmaig, a bha na fhear- gàire ullamh air ‘aodann a bha lan de rocan lagha, an Cùmhnant airbho’g agus chuir côrr no wrinkles. Chunnaic an ùine gheàrr gun is d’à mhillean Albannaich ainm ris. Mu robhSgadigart cho aonaranach agus chuidich dheireadh thall fhuair sinn Pàrlamaid e am fear-lagha an cômhnaidh. Albannach ged nach eil i uile-chumhachdach Sa chiad dol a-mach, fhuairSgadigart gun fliathast! robh a’ Phàrliamaid direach miorbaileach, Latha de na làithean chuir MacCarmaig an direach miorbhaileach. Ach mean air mhean aithne no introduced fear d’am b ’ainm dh’fhas e sgith leis a h-uile call. Sgadigart dliomli. Bha e na fhear-lagha eile Bha Ceann- suidhe na Pàrlamaid daonnan ach ann an Copenliagen. cho cuideachail, gu h-araidh a thaobh Air ais ann an Copenhagen, nuair a BhaSgadigart corr is dà fliichedd bliadlma Sgadigart bhon a bha am fear-lagha seachd dh’fhosgail a’ Phàrlamaid as t-Fhoghar, dh’aois agus bha deise dliubh air. Bha e sgith de na deasbadan sa Phàrlamaid gu h- dh’innis Sgadigart do Cheann-suidhe na daonnan a’ smaoinair ciamar a bliiodli e araidli an fheadhainn mu dheighinn às- Pàrlamaid na thuirt a cho-ogha Hans mu tuilleadh luchd-déilig no clients fhaighinn. malairtean no exports. Mar eisimpleir, an dheighinn an teaghlach aige tre Ghearmailis cuir sinn sgillinn air phris kilo im? Agus bha san sgoil ionadail. Latha airchoireigin bha Sgadigart a’ tilleadh deasbadan mar sin gu ire bhig’fad an latha, “Glé mhath,” arsa , an Ceann-suidhe, “innis o na cuirtean-lagha ann an Copenhagen a’dol gu bhi a h-uile lathe. don oifts - lagha aige agus dé chunnaic e ach don Phàrlamaid na thuirt Hans; air Di-h- ainm partaidh poileataiceach fialaidh. “Chan eil e feumail, Mgr Sgadigart, a bhi sa Aoine feasgar seo, nuair nach eil i cho Phàrlamaid, ach a-màin nuair a tha bhot no trang.” “Théid mi a-steach agus gabhaidh mi vote ann. “Arsa an Ceann-suidhe Bha Rinn Sgadigart direach dìreach sin. Cha robh ballrachd a’ phartaidh. Leisasin lorgaidh Sgadigart a-nisd cho toilichte ag obair sna mi tuilleadli luchd-deiligidli no clients. móran sa,Phàrlamaid agus leis a sin dh’fhàs, cuirtean-lagha no san oifig lagha aige, a cho- e eu-dòchasach. An ath sheachdain dé thuirt Bha boireannach mu deich bliadlma air pairtiche -lagha a’ faighinn an obair. an Ceann-suidhe ach, “Chord am Ministear fliichead a dh’aois aig an deasg nuair a teannachadh nuair a bha. Sgadigart sa Cèin ris a h-uile facal agaibhse.” thàinig e a-stigh agus nochd e a’ chairt- Phàrlamaid. Bliiodli an t-àm ri teachd fada seollaidh aige. nas flieàrr bhon a bliiodli sa Phàrlamaid ach “Cha robh e ann an seo,” arsa Skadigart. “All,” arsa ise, “fear-lagha. Nuair a thàinig gu tearc. “Ach leugli e na thuirt sibh ann an hansard. sibh cho trath cuideachd..uair a thide ... An sin, thàinig na saor-làithean samhradh Ordaichidh e or tosgaire no ambassador, ann bithidh Rimaire a’ Phàrtaidli fior thoilicht agus chaidh Sgadigart agus a bhean gu an Bonn agus innsidh e a h-uile cail ri gur faicinn. Tha an oifig aige suas an Slesvig-Holstein, dùthatch san àirde deas a riaghladair a’ Ghearmailt an Iar,” mar a bha staidhre.” bha cuid.de’n Dhanmairg gus an do glioid e sna làithean sin Bha i ceart gu leoir, fliuair Sgadigart fàilte ro Bismark I air son a’ Ghearmailt o cliionn “Seadh,” arsa Ardenaar, “ghoid Bismark mhôr on Rimaire a bha na bhodach mu tri filada. Slesvig-Holstein à Danmhairg Chan eil sinn fichead bliadhna a dh’aois’ le sgall. Cha robh Bha iad le chèile a’fuirich comlila ris a’ cho- comasach cail a dhèanamh air ball, ach faigh rôineag air a cheann. ogha aig Sgadigart d’am b’ainm Hans sinn luchd-teagaisg tre’n Danmhairgis as t-Fhoghar.” “Nach mi a tha toilichte gur faicinn agus Sgadigart air an tuathanas no farm aig Hans. sibhse nur fear-lagha agus sibhse uair a thide Bha Hans na dhuine làidir, le stais agus a nis Dh’innis Sgadigart riumsa, “Mar a tha fios ro thrath! Taghaidh mi sibhse mar an aon a bha e muladach. Bha ceist aige.. Mhinich agad, Ghilleasbuig, dé anam na h-Albainn bhi am fear-iarraidh air sgath a’ Phartaidh Hans gu brônach do Sgadigart agus a bhean. ach ar cànain Albanach (a’ Ghàidlilig) nach arms a’ fhrith-thaghadh no by-election. Na “A nisd, tha a’ chlann againn a’ bruidhinn, a i? bithibh eagal oirbh. Seo agaibh suidlieachan leughad is a’ sgriobhadh anns a’ Bliadhna an deidh sin, thagh a’ Phàrlamaid sabhallte. Seo agaibh ar leabhar leis a h-uile Ghearmailtis a-mhàin gim fliacail Danmhairgeaeh ar caraid, Sgadigart a dliol ceist is freagartge de’n phoileasaidli againn. Danmairceach idir. timcheall air an Roinn Eorpa, air son an EEC Meal an naidheachd. Leis an leabhar seo “Sgadigart, a charaid, ‘s e duine mar a’ Ghàidhlig. Sin mar a thachair sinn ris, bithidh sibh nur Buill Pàrlamaid gim cumhachdach a tlia sibh nur Bail Pàrlamaid nuair a bha e ann an Alba air sgath an cànain teagarnh sam bith. ann an Copenhaven. Bha sinn.teaghlach at againn fhin. THE POSITION OF GAELIC - Present Day Gaelic Developments

At the introductory lecture to the Celtic (2001 Census) supports the argument for From 1982 Comhairle nan nSgoiltean Araich League AGM 2005 in Sabhal Mor Ostaig Gaelic to he more nationally recognised. (CNSA) was responsible for the creation of (SMO), Isle of Skye J. N. MacLeod Analysis of both the 1991 and 2001 census Gaelic-medium playgroups. Currently, there delivered an address on the scope o f work figures show that figures for children are around 150 groups and 2,600 children o f Sabhal Mor Ostaig and coupled it with between 3 and 15 demonstrate the success of attending throughout Scotland. information on the state o f the Gaidhlig recent Gaelic-medium education initiatives. Influenced by the success of the playgroups, language. The information below on the However, figures also show that the first Gaelic-medium primary units were present day status o f Gaidhlig is extracted intergenerational transmission of the established in Inverness, Portree, Glasgow from information he supplied. language is weak;- the 1991 census showed and Breasclete (Isle of Lewis) in 1985. The that only 72.6% of those children living with growth has been remarkable and almost 20 The 1991 census had showed a considerable two Gaelic-speaking parents spoke Gaelic, years on almost 2000 children in 60 Gaelic drop in numbers and though the 2001 census 37.6% of those living with a lone Gaelic­ units or schools are now being educated provided evidence that the rate of decline of speaking parent, and a mere 14.3% of those through Gaehc. Nevertheless, it has been Gaelic speakers has slowed there are not living with two parents, only one of whom calculated that the numbers enrolled would many other hopeful signs of a long-awaited spoke Gaelic. (Mackinnon 1995). need to grow five or six fold simply to revival of the language. Today, Gaehc is maintain the existing Gaelic-speaking being eroded even in the traditional GAELIC IN PUBLIC LIFE population and even in the Western Isles, less ‘heartland’ areas of the Western Isles. In recent years Gaelic in Scotland has than one-third of children receive their However, it could also he argued that the benefited from an unprecedented programme primary education through the medium of more even distribution of speakers between of promotion and development, transmitted Gaelic. (MacKinnon 2000 & McLeod 2001). traditional Highland and Lowland areas through a wide range of initiatives across a The first dedicated Gaelic primary school number of fields, notably education, the was opened in Glasgow in 2000, with a current proposal for a further school to he Teagasg continued from page 2 media and the arts. These initiatives have enhanced the pubhc profile of Gaehc, even if situated in Inverness. There are also plans to SUMMARY the socio-linguistic situation of the language build a new Gaehc Secondary School in Mr Sgadigart was a member o f the remains weak. Glasgow. Danish Parliament and put forward the Total financial support for Gaelic now The progress in relation to the development case for teaching through Danish in exceeds £13 million annually, and local of Gaelic-medium secondary education has Slesvig-Holstein that had been part of authorities also make a significant monetary been disappointing with a Scottish Office Denmark till Bismark stole it for contribution to the language. Education Department report in 1994 Germany. Ardenaar, then ruler o f West claiming that expansion was “neither Germany, granted this teaching through EDUCATION desirable nor feasible in the foreseeable Danish. future.” Ten years on, the numbers have The growth in Gaelic-medium education in As a result, Sgadigart got the job o f seek­ receded and only 284 pupils received even recent years is a reflection on the increased ing out the minority languages of Europe part of their education through Gaelic in interest in the language throughout Scotland. for_the EEC. That was how we met 2003/04. Sgadigart in the days o f John MacCormick’s Covenant for Scottish home rule which got over two million sig­ KEY EVENTS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GAELIC natories which eased the way, years later, to the present Scottish Parliament. Year Event Sgadigart won recognition for Gaidhlig 1982 Publication of Cor na Gaidhlig - looked at health of the language as a European minority language which could have helped ease the way for the 1982 CNSA - Foundation of Comhairle nan Sgolltean Araich (Council of Nursery Schools) recent Gaidhlig Language Act o f the 1983 Full-time Gaelic-medium Tertiary Education at Sabhal Mör Ostaig Scottish Parliament, after a century of persecution by the Westminster 1984 Establishment of Comunn na Gaidhlig - CNAG (Gaelic umbrella group) Parliament. 1984 CLI - Comunn Luchd-lonnsachaidh set up (Gaelic Learners Organisation) Three new books,(entirely in Scottish) have just been published. Their respective 1985 First Gaelic-medium primary units established publishers and postcodes are given. “Ri Linn nan Linntean " by Richard A V Cox 1985 Radio nan Gàldheal established (Gaelic Radio station - covering Gaelic areas) and Colm O Baoill (Clann Tuirc FK.17 1990 Broadcasting Act - Gaelic Television fund (approx £9m) 8HT) a collection o f Gaidhlig prose, "Gealach an Fhdis " by Roger Hutchison 1991 Census - shows apparent considerable drop In numbers of Gaelic speakers with Chrissy Dick (Mainstream 1997 CNAG Report - promoting Secure Status for Gaelic Publishing EHl 3UG) on the revival of Gaidhlig and "An tobht’ aig Anndra” by 2000 First dedicated Gaelic primary school opened In Glasgow Main Rhind (Acair Earranta HSl 2QN) a 2000 MacPherson Report - Revitalising Gaelic: A National Asset spanking good novel. Gilleasbuig MacMhuirich 2002 Ministerial Advisory Group on Gaelic - A Fresh Start for Gaelic - Meek Report Gilleasbuig Lachlainn ‘Illeasbuig 2003 Bord na Gaidhlig established (Language Board) As in other minority-language THE LEGAL STATUS ■ Bord na Gaaidhlig are to prepare and submit to the Scottish Ministers. A developments, the perennial obstacle has OF GAELIC been the shortage of trained teachers for both National Gaelic Language Plan At present Gaelic is effectively excluded primary and secondary levels. from public administration and enjoys no ■ Public Bodies required to produce meaningful protection in the law. Gaelic Language Plans BROADCASTING Since 1997, when CNAG first submitted a The Broadcasting Act 1990 established the report to the Scottish Office recommending ■ Bard na Gaidhlig may prepare and Gaelic Television Fund administered by a measures to secure the status of Gaelic, submit to the Scottish Ministers- committee of the Independent Television progress has been slow. Commission to grant-aid Gaelic television guidance in relation to provision and production. The Broadcasting Act of 1996 development of Gaelic education. extended the scope of the Gaelic Television GAELIC AND THE Fund to cover radio and in April 1997 the ‘NEW SCOTLAND’ Weaknesses: committee was re-constituted as Comataidh Though a recent survey indicated that there Craolaidh Gaidhlig (Gaelic Broadcasting ■ Demands for Equal Status between were around a million people interested in Committee). Despite the wider remit, the Gaelic and English ignored. learning the language, Gaelic is still budget for Gaelic broadcasting was reduced peripheral to many in Scotland and the most from £9.05m 1997-98 to £8.5m in 1998-99 ■ How government will regulate basic fact about the place of Gaelic in in order to finance priorities in Gaelic compliance of Public Bodies with the Scottish political life is its extreme education. proposed legislation is not clear? marginality and perceived lack of From 1985 onwards. Radio nan Gaidheal, importance. the BBC Gaelic radio service, has steadily ■ Language Plans to ‘be developed within increased its broadcast hours and broadened 2 year period - Public Bodies will leave its geographic range. There are now around matters to the last - resulting in heavy 40 hours a week, available to a great GAELIC LANGUAGE ACT - workload for the Board. majority of the Scottish population. The 2004/05 news service and a number of other ■ Need for clearer strategy in relation to programmes can now be accessed on the In April 2005, the Scottish Parliament Gaelic Education world-wide web. Gaelic television has also passed the Gaelic Language Act, with the expanded rapidly with some 350 hours of new legislation designed to promote the use ■ Funding of Gaelic broadcasting not programmes broadcast annually. An official of Gaelic and the secure status of the being addressed government task force recently language. Under the Act - recommended (Milne Report) that a Gaelic ■ No provision in relation to certain Broadcasting Authority be set up and a ■ Bord na Gaidhlig was recognised as a Courts allowing Gaelic for civil separate, digital Gaelic television channel be corporate body. proceedings established with resources amounting to £44 million a year, secured under a funding ■ Secure status given to Gaelic as an formula. The report recommendations have official language of Scotland, ■ Bord na Gaidhlig - the Government can not as yet been adopted and a new commanding equal respect to the abdicate responsibility for the continued commissioning body, the Gaelic Media English language. (UK already signed promotion and support of Gaelic. Service - was established in January 2004. In the European Charter for Regional and Ultimate responsibility must lie at Scotland, legislation for all broadcasting, is a Minority Languages in 2001). ministerial level! reserved power and within the province of Westminster. However, the Scotland Act 1998, made the Scottish Parliament responsible for funding Gaelic broadcasting. This anomaly is harmful to securing a coherent and cohesive Gaelic broadcasting service.

THE GAELIC ARTS The Gaelic arts have flourished in the past few years, with recognition that there are added economic benefits to the cultural ones, with the Gaelic arts contributing over £10M annually to the Scottish economy (Sproull 1996) and are widely appreciated and supported throughout Scotland and overseas. In Scotland, Feisean nan Gaidheal is the umbrella organisation for the locally based Feisean, the first of which was held on the Isle of Barra in 1981. Proiseact nan Ealan, the Gaelic Arts Agency was set up in 1987 to promote, co-ordinate and develop Gaelic Arts Initiatives. Links with Gaelic-speaking Ireland have been a feature of recent initiatives with Leabhar Mor na Gaidhlig (The Big Book of Gaelic) winning particular (L - R) Alba delegate Les Mac an Vltaigh, Rob Gibson SNP. MSP, Guest Speaker acclaim in the past y ear o r two. J, N. MacLeod, Head o f Studies atSMO and Alba Branch Secretary, Iain Ramsay. INDEPENDENCE FIRST

The Celtic League AGM 2005 passed referendum if they wish an independent unanimously a resolution to support the aims country.” and objectives of Independence First, the “I see the British imperial union as a campaign for a referendum on Scottish reactionary barrier to social progress and independence. (See pg. 21) want that British union dismantled to The campaign is both non-party, and encourage progressive and democratic ideas transparty, and has received supportive to flourish in the individual entities of messages from Scottish Green Party, Scotland, England and Wales. The campaign Scottish Socialist Party and Scottish for an independence referendum deserves National Party MSPs and from the Free support from all socialists and democrats Scotland Party and the Scottish alike.” Neil Caple, honorary convenor of Independence Party. Sandra White SNP MSP said “I’m happy Independence First campaign. Neil Caple, honorary convenor said: to get behind anything that advances the “Recent polls suggest that a majority of cause of Scottish independence. I definitely one of the reasons for our friendly separation the Scottish public support independence. support this grassroots movement, from the English and Welsh Green Party was Independence First wants to give the people Independence 1st, in their demand for a to campaign for a Scottish Parliament. Our the opportunity to express that support in a Scottish referendum on independence. vision is for independence for Scotland, referendum.” Please keep me informed of any further when the people of Scotland choose it” Former leader of the SSP, Tommy developments.” Mr Middleton, Press officer for IF Sheridan, sent the following message of Stewart Maxwell SNP MSP said “I commented “We are basically trying to support to Independence First: “As a support the holding of a referendum on achieve as broad a consensus as possible for socialist I believe passionately in genuine Independence as the Scottish people have independence. Under our plans secondary democracy and the right of nations to self- never had the opportunity to express their issues like republicanism or EU membership determination.” opinion on this option.” would be left up to the people of Scotland “My party’s vision is of an independent The Campaign has also had official after the initial objective of breaking up the socialist Scotland but we absolutely endorse support from the Scottish Green Party. MSP UK through a straightforward ‘yes or no’ and promote the right of citizens in Scotland Shiona Baird, said : “This is a cause that the referendum.” to democratically decide now via a Scottish Green Party has long supported, and Website: www.Independencelst.com

MI5 watched MacDiarmid Labour Lord Resigns in Recently declassified MI5 flies, reveal MacDiarmid and his second wife, Valda debate amongst the British authorities over Trevlyn, a Cornish woman: “This man and his Disgrace whether to arrest Hugh MacDiarmid as a sub­ wife are dangerous to the state." Mike Watson, the Labour peer, has been versive or even a Soviet spy. The files, which An informer then attended a meeting of the forced to resign after he was filmed setting cover the years 1932 to 1943, tell how National Party of Scotland, where fire to curtains in a posh hotel in Edinburgh. MacDiarmid, was monitored by the British MacDiarmid was quoted as saying: “It is time Watson, initially denied the allegations, but secret police because of his strong Scottish that we in Scotland put England in its proper was caught on CCTV in the act. Staff at nationalism and his brief membership of the place. We should lean and turn to Europe, for Prestonfield House Hotel said that Watson Communist Party. it is there that our future prosperity lies.” had been abusive and demanded drink. After "This man is a menace," wrote one army MacDiarmid, his wife and young son, this it appears he went on a rampage of arson major, while an informer wrote of Michael, moved from London to the island of and vandalism. Whalsay, Shetland. In 1940 MacDiarmid Watson attracted controversy and protest organised a meeting to try and interest the when he was invited to open the Mod in local men in the workers' struggle. News of Largs, a few years ago. At the time he was the meeting reached a Sergeant R Stuart minister with responsibility for the language, Bruce, who wrote to the home secretary: “This but was felt to have done little or nothing for man and his wife are dangerous to the state, it. It was only after he left that job significant and should be prevented from tampering with progress was made. the loyalty of young men called to the Despite his resignation, he is still entitled colours." to £190 expenses per day in the House of MacDiarmid (1892-1978), whose real name Lords. was C.M. Grieve, is often considered to be the greatest Scottish writer of the 20th century; he proposed a "Celtic League" decades before one was set up, was noted for his revival of Lallans and also produced some acclaimed translations of Gaidhlig poetry. Valda Trevlyn was also a strong character in her own right, Website: Hugh MacDiarmid, 1892-1978, and a great Cornish patriot. Scottish poet and critic. www.scotsindependent.org A Parliament for Wales and recognition for the Welsh Language .In 1939, the 1st Welsh school was opened. In 1942, Welsh was allowed in the courts of Law. In 1978, the Breizh Labour Party promised devolution for Wales. Then in 1997 devolution became a reality for Wales with Tony Blair’s government granting some real powers.... An treuzkas e Bro-Cembre Yves Jardin

An treuzkas (devolution) n’eo ket an chom dister niver ar mouezhiou dastumet da Breizhiz ar Bed: 1st emrenerezh (Home Rule). Galloudoù pe vare ar votadegou. Met krog eo dija anizer gwirioù a vez treuzkaset eus un eil den nevez ar c’hembraeg: digoret e vez ur skol DATABASE on the WEB d’egile, eus un eil strollenn d’eben. Goude gembraek e 1939; gant ul lezenn votet e 1942 un nebeut skouerioù a dreuzkas, ez eus bet e vez aotreet ober gant ar c’hembraeg dirak al Breizhiz ar Bed... that's to say kroget e 1997 gant un treuzkas hollek da leziou-bam. E 1945, a-raok dilennadeg ar "Bretons du monde", also known as Vro-Gembre. gannaded a viz Ebrel, ec’h embann Strollad O.B.E. (Organisation des Bretons Expatries), had their summer school, War wel e teu Bro-Gembre er seizhvet al Labour ur manifest ez eus meneg emian in Kleder north Breizh in August. The kantved pa vez dispartiet diouzh eus ur vroad gembreat hag eus ur good news came from a new rouantelezhioù Bretoned an Hantemoz hag gouamamant emren, met goude bezan bet database for their members and ar Mervent gant ar Soazon oc’h aloubin tree’ll er votadegou e vez dilezet o fromesaou relations all over the world, on: Breizh Veur. Gounezet e vez Bro-Gembre gant hid. al Labour. www.bretonsdumonde.org gant Edouarzh ar Ian, roue Bro-Saoz e 1282. War-raok e ya koulskoude ar Gant statud Rhuddlan e vez staget ar vroadelourien. Gwiriou nevez a vez roet: e The web changes the way people brinselezh ouzh rouantelezh Bro-Saoz e 1964 e vez krouet ur Sekretouriezh-Stad evit contact each other and stay in touch. 1284. Da get e ya an holl stummoù a aferioii Bro-Gembre. E miz Gouere 1966 e After two years they produced 800 zizalc’hidigezh. E 1536 hag e 1543 e vez vez dilennet Gwynfor Evans da gannad da addresses. A lot less than before, but embannet ar Skridoù a Unaniezh gant Herri vare votadegou a-zam. E 1970 e vez at least with up-to-date information an Vili vet, eil roue ar riez Tudor, kembread danveziou-kannad ar Blaid Cymru war ar of all kinds. About 500 persons are in hec’h orin. Dont a ra ar c’hembraeg avat da renk en holl bastellou-votin ; dastum a reont the organisation outside of France, vezan lec’h-gwrizian idantelezh Bro- 11,4 % eus ar mouezhiou, met hini ebet ne mainly in North America; the second Gembre gant troidigezh ar Bibl en e bezh vez dilennet. Da vare votadegou miz main group is in Europe and the third gant William Morgan e 1588, gant diorren ar C’hwevrer ha miz Here 1974 e vez dilemiet in Asia. That's the case for the O BE’s skolioù kembraek hag ar gredemi vetodist e- 2, ha da c’houde 3 c’hannad. E 1978 e kinnig President, P-Y. Conan who lives in kerzh an triwec’hvet kantved. E-pad an gouamamant hi al Labour e vefe treuzkaset Shanghai, China. The second advan­ naontekvet kantved e ya an troc’h war galloudou ‘zo da Vro-Gembre, gant ur tage of the WEB for the OBE is to be ledanaat etre ar “mmmadoù uhel” vodademi zilennet evit 4 bloavezh, 80 in touch with different Breton lobbies, saoznekaet hag anglikan hag ar beisanted kamiad enni, o tivizout penaos lakaat al like "an tour tan" or "Lokarn - hag ar vicherourien, digenilizourien anezho,, lezennou votet e Westminster da vezan Institute". The third one came from o sevel a-eneb an direizhdedioù. Dont a ra sevenet.Da vare referendum ar lan a viz the fact that it is not confined to the Bro-Gembre da vezan bro ar Frankizourien, Meurzh 1979 e vez distaolet ar cTienmi-se business field or the musical one; leviet gant David Lloyd George. Goude (80 % eus ar voterien a vot a-eneb). Da they're open to all kinds of bezan dilemiet da gannad frankizour e 1890, choude e teu ar Virourien e pemi ar exchanges. e klask heman e 1893 krouin ur strollad gouamamant. Echu eo da vat gant ar 'A lot of Breton people feel homesick kembreat hag e kinnig e 1895 un danvez- raktresou treuzkas. E miz Gouere 1967 eo bet abroad and need to show their Celtic lezenn emrenerezh evit Bro-Gembre. War votet lezenn ar cTiembraeg, a zeu da vezan roots and flag ...the Gwenn ha du...' raok e ya an emsav kembreat gant par d’ar saozneg; e 1981 e vez krouet ur said Xavier Bellanger, secretary of krouidigezh an Eisteddfod broadel e 1860 ha chadenn skinwel gembraek, S4C; E 1993 e Breizhiz ar Bed. “Cymru Fydd” (Kembre Yaouarik) e 1886. vez votet ul lezenn nevez evit ar cTiembraeg, Gi Keltik Un nebeut gwirioù a vez roet: krouet e vez lakaet da yezh ofisiel ha krouet e vez Ofis ar Skol-Veur Bro-Gembre e 1893; troc’het e C ’hembraeg. E 1997 e teu Strollad al Labour, vez an Iliz diouzh Iliz anglikan Bro-Saoz e leviet gant Tony Blair, e pemi ar galloud en- 1914. dro. Adlanset e vo neuze raktres an treuzkas. Goude ar Brezel-Bed kentan e vez dilezet menoz an emrenerezh gant ar Strollad Summary frankizour ha gant Lloyd George, deut da Devolution is different to Home-Rule. In K eltiek vezan e perni ar gouamamant. Gant hi al 1997, devolution gave some rights, as a Labour e vez adkemeret azgoulenn an whole to Wales. Wales appeared during the On line books, records, Celtic art. emrenerezh. Met an danvez-lezennoù a-du 16th Century with the "union act". Kemper: 02.98.95.42.82 gant-se ne vezont ket votet e Kambr ar Therefore, Henri VIII (Tudor) make Brest: 02.98.44.05.38 C’humunioù. E 1925 e vez krouet decisions which expressed the welsh identity. http://www.arbedkeltiek.com koulskoude Strollad (Broadel betek 1990) Elisabeth 1st asked for the translation o f the Bro-Gembre, ar Blaid (Gendelaetliol) Cymru bible by William Morgan (1588). After the Ar Bed Keltiek (2 Str. Ar Roue gant tri fai: ur Parlamant evit Bro-Gembre, creation o f the Eisteddfod (1860), the liberal Gralon, 29000 Kemper). dileuridi da Gevredigezh Ar Broadoù (SDN), MP David Lloyd George proposed When phoning from abroad, ar c’hembraeg da yezh vroadel. E-barzh ur devolution for Wales. In, 1925 Plaid Cymru omit the 0 in the prefix. vro taget gant an enkadenn ekonomikel e had 3goals: the idea of “loyalty” at all political levels. Summer School e-Breizh for E.F.A. That is to say village, county, region/lander, state & EU community. In her native Flanders, more and more parties pick up then- ideas on Devolution, at all levels. In the Latin The regionalists parties, members of surely. Francois Alfonsi from the Corsican state of France democracy does not mean the “Regions & Peuples Solidatres” (R&PS) had National Party agrees. same for our Jacobin-republicans (UMP) on their summer-school in Brittany (LEON-N.) On the challenge of Devolution in the the right and the communists (PC & MCC - ) in 2005. R&PS are green allies in .the .EU French state as well as in our Euro­ on the left. “The Republique” is a religious parliament. They have five MEPs, including community the answers were not as clear. concept - that’s, why, even if the Breizh Nelly MAES( Flanders) the president of The diversity of situations makes it more Council voted unanimously in favour of a European Free Alliance (EFA/ALE). She is difficult to get a single answer. Therefore, Breton the language policy, they have no real really convinced that the future of our they were not ready to say publicly that four chance of achieving this goal. The state Regions & People will come from Europe. million people from Brittany should have school system (E.N.) and the communist Therefore the federation of R&PS restate €18 - €20 billion budget, in order to be at the trade unions are very conservative and there commitment to more federalism in EU same level of money per inhabitant as the opposed to any kind of devolution. whatever happens to the treaty under others regions or lander in Europe. Democracy and Loyalty to the people does ratification right now... Remember that the Breizh-Budget is under not mean the same thing all over Europe, The Well, like UDB or Frankiz Breizh, the one billion euro... French state asked to the ten new accession 31members of EFA/ALE are progressives, On the one hand EFA held the summer countries to the E.U to sign and respect the moderates and modem parties. On Fluman school in Breizh where culture and identity Charter for Lesser -Used Languages, but Rights goals they are next to the left wing. In are strong, where (3+1) members of UDB France refused to sign it themselves. Breton order to develop the strong identity of our succeeded to be elected as MEPs for the people remember that Alain Juppe’s best Regions, they believe the future requires Breizh-Council, in 2004, on the other hand friend (J.C) refused to recognise these strong political action and not violence. they invited Janet Davies, a Welsh MP, in Human Rights a few years ago. To move Gustave Allirol, ,from Catalonia, the order to show the way towards Devolution forward, Nelly Maes thinks that we need a president of .R&PS firmly condemns (with a budget 24 times bigger than ours). strong minority who have a good knowledge violence and thinks that in south Europe like For the moment the main goals are to of devolution. in Ireland the Peace Process will go on and develop the political conditions through Gi K eltik on and like Sinn Fein will change slowly but federalism in Europe. Nelly Maes developed

the language and enrolling their children Status for the into Basque-language schools.” In Brittany it is far from the case, in spite of the signed Breton Language? wishes of 96% of the local authorities for the obtaining of a status for the language. At the time of the press conference held on The Example o f Democratic States “The only thing”, concludes Yan Jestin, “is the 12 th August in Lorient, the Breton, spoken in 1905 by 1,332,000 has to know if the democrats of Brittany and representatives of the association Askoll today only around 300,000 speakers, around Brittany want to stand there with denounced the lack of status for the Breton according to the most optimistic calculations. their arms folded in the face of the language and the place which it is given in Furthermore, it is spoken only by the older disappearance of the richness of Humanity. the summer festivals. members of the population. Quite the reverse We have the rights, we must take them, for Jean-Pierre Pichard, the charismatic of countries like Wales or Galicia where the the Breton language is not only the concern director of the Interceltic Festival of Lorient youth are largely reclaiming the language of of the Regional Council, but all Bretons. often says that Brittany is thus (with their ancestors. “A good example,” We need to know how to mobilise Britannic or insular Cornwall) the sole Celtic highlights Yann Jestin, “is that in the Basque ourselves to attain this essential objective: nation represented in Lorient, which is country an opinion research institute has the survival of the Breton language. neither independent nor autonomous. One recently established that 85% of the Thierry Jigourrel might add that it is the only one whose population are setting themselves to learning (Translator Arthur Taylor) language does not have a legal status. It is to denounce this situation, and at the same time demand a more important place for Breton in the assembly of festivals of Brittany, that the representatives of Askoll (Association of Breton Representatives for Democracy) had come to organise a press conference at the Mercury Hotel, on the 12th August last. At a time when the collection of languages of the people who make up the European mosaic is receiving recognition and being considered as part of the rich heritage, after several months of acceptance of Irish Gaelic as the 21st official language of the EU, and the entry of Basque, Catalan and Galician as working languages in these same institutions, the situation with the Breton language throws up for discussion the fact of its extremely precarious situation. Lorient Intercelctic Festival: The Triumph!

The 35th session of the Lorient festival, created in 1971 by Polig Monjarret and Pierre Guerdiac, attracted more than 600,000 people this year. It started in the Seventies - A period when Brittany was reawakening and looking to throw off its chains. A period also, according to Jean -Pierre Pichard, where “one would­ n’t bet a kopek on Breton culture!” A period when the town of Brest discretely got rid of the International Festival of Bagpipes, which was enlivened by BAS since 1953 (Bodadeg Ar Sonerion: organisation o f Breton bag­ pipe players). A time when it was necessary to persuade the general public that the cul­ ture of the present had a value to pass on to the future equal to that of the past; that rural music could, in the wake of Alan Stivell, urbanise, electrify and mix all the sounds of the Celtic galaxy, it needed oratory talents to persuade the Gaels of Ireland and their cousins in the Highlands to play the bag­ A musical group o f young Palestinian refugees called Ghirab pipes, side by side, in a stadium, in front of (meaning bag pipes in Arabic) was the toast o f this year’s festival thousands of Bretons. 35 years and some barrels of stout later the standing ovation in the Stadium of Moustoir. on the way to Guincamp. But it is a matter of gamble is won! Brittany is exporting itself! appreciation..... Brittany triumphs! From Paris, in the grand One has seen in the same place after the Between the Alléede la Perrière and the Stadium of France, where the band of final of the 56th National Championship of Palais de Congress, in the great Atlantic port Pichard sets the Parisian night on fire each St Bagpipe players of the first class the levels of musical, literary, plastic or cinemagraphic Patrick’s Day Festival to Glasgow, where, which never cease to increase over the years, Celticism is decidedly on the move! It is a thanks to the enterprise of Cohn Hynd, the of the Bagad of Auray, directed by the mas­ ter’s hand of Fabrice Lothodé after the great sacred challenge to the bad winds of history. great Celtic tribute is recreated. Roland Becker. One has seen the beauty of The great Celtic tribute, (proud and spruce) Thierry Jigourrel strikes up on the first Sunday of the Lorient five Magical Nights and the great Interceltic [Translation: Arthur Taylor] festival, going down majestically for three Night when there is a son et lumière festival ending with a fireworks display worthy of hours, the cause of the Bove and the black Chazelles of the world, going on to receive a 14th July, pipe bands and violins uniting their talents to keep the public under their charm for 2 % hours. At the fishing port where 10,000 chests have swelled with one voice to the songs of Soldati Louis in which ideas of independence flirt lightly with the aroma of fish and young girls in flowers. A place of fertility, creativity, a window on Celticism at ease in its clogs and open to the world, Lorient is all that, with its ultramarine dreams in its heavy concrete head. All the Kampagn skoazell Diwan more after the financial deficit, caused by the evit dazont ar skolioti movement of its on-off spectacle, the festival has found a financial balance and is busily filling in the gap. All the better for us! With Appeal for the Breton language. All a paying audience growing by 20% we contributions welcome, believe it has got out of the financial mess however little. over recent years. That too is always a chal­ lenge, to function as 75% self financing and HEP BREZHONEG BREIZH EBET, with public aid reduced to an acceptable SANS LANGUE BRETONNE PAS level! But it is still the strength and pride of DE BRETAGNE an authentic and popular culture regenerating itself without the intervention of a State more THERE'S NO BRITTANY ready to put its hand in its pockets for export WITHOUT BRETON festivals, keys in the hands of Paris towards the “Province” which maintains “regional” Cheque to be sent to: institutions. DIWAN BP 147 29411 Some people regretted that the year of LANDERNE BRITTANY Ireland has not materialised in the coming of http://www.diwanbreizh.org/ Susana Seivane performing at the festival. legendary groups like the Wolfe Tones seen Dim ond hanner y myfyrwyr a gwblhaodd y rhaglen a dderbyniodd y diploma canolradd llawn, ac y mae’r canlyniadau hyn a chanlyniadau wythnos diwethaf y Cymru Fagloriaeth Uwch yn dangos arwyddion o dueddiadau negyddol. Pan grewyd y IE Fagloriaeth Gymreig, dewisodd Llywodraeth Lafiir y Cynulliad beidio ag edrych ar y Fagloriaeth Ryngwladol a’i haddasu yn 61 gofynion Cymru, ond yn lie hynny dewiswyd Plaid Cymru yn dathlu 80 mlynedd i greu cymhwyster newydd. Y mae’n ddyletswydd amynt yn awr i arolygu’r cymhwyster a’r sefyllfa.” Dathlodd Plaid Cymru ei phenblwydd yn 80 oed ym mis Awst ac er mwyn nodi’r H * / Sum m ary achlysur hwn cynhaliodd y Blaid barti ar ei I Plaid express concern that worrying stondin ar faes yr Eisteddfod Genedlaetliol tendencies in exam results in Wales may be ar y dydd Gwener (5 Awst). Yn ystod y due to Labour policies. datliliad soniodd Llywydd Plaid Cymru, Dafydd Iwan, am lwyddiannau’r Blaid a’i cliyfraniad i wleidyddiaeth. Pwysleisiodd y Trafodaeth gyda Mwslemiaid: Llywydd hefyd ran allweddol Plaid Cymru Plaid yn galw am Gronfa wrtli adeiladu Cymru newydd. Dywedodd: Ddiogelwch “Mae Plaid Cymru wedi bod wrtli galon y Wrth i garfan o ferched Mwslemaidd newidiadau ar lwyfan gwleidyddiaetli ymweld a’r Cynulliad Cenedlaethol i fynegi Cymru dros yr hanner canrif diwetliaf a Former Plaid Cymru leader Gwynfor pryder am eu diogelwch, galwodd yr AC mwy. Heb fodolaeth Plaid Cymru, ni fyddai Evans who died in April. Plaid Cymru Helen Mary Jones ar datblygiad Cymru fel endid gwleidyddol Lywodraeth y Cynulliad i sefydlu ‘cronfa erioed wedi digwydd. mae nifer o gynllimiau eraill ar y gweill gan ddiogelwch’ er mwyn cynorthwyo ”Mae’r datblygiad hwn wedi bod yn gynnwys gosod carreg goffa ar y man y sefydliadau addoli i gymryd y camau allweddol i barhad himaniaeth cenedlaethol gwasgarwyd ei lwch ger Llangadog. angenrheidiol i’w hamddiffyn eu hunain rhag Cymru, ond hefyd wrtli gwrs, wedi gwella Unwaith i’r manylion pellach gael eu troseddau casineb. llywodraethu yng Nghymru er budd y bobl cytimo gyda theulu Gwynfor byddwn yn Mae Ms Jones wedi ysgrifennu at ac er budd cymunedau. Er yr holl retlireg, ni gwneud cyhoeddiad pellach. Lywodraeth y Cynulliad yn gofyn iddynt fyddai’r pleidiau Prydeinig wedi rhoi Pan fu farw Gwynfor ym mis Ebrill, “sicrhau bod gan synagogau, mosgau, blaenoriaeth i Gymru oni bai am soniais am ei gyfraniad unigryw ac eglwysi, a phob man addoli arall ar hyd a lied bresenoldeb a pbolisiau Plaid Cymru. amhrisiadwy wrth ddatblygu Plaid Cymru i’r Cymru y cyllid angenrheidiol i weHa eu ”Yn dilyn datganoli, ’rydym wedi gweld y blaid y mae heddiw. Rhaid i ni nawr sicrhau diogelwch fel bo’r angen.” Daw’r alwad pleidiau eraill yn symud yn raddol tuag at y ein bod yn adeiladu ar lwyddiant Plaid wedi cynnydd mewn ymosodiadau hiliol yng syniad o wleidyddiaeth Gymreig. Ni fyddai Cymru er mwyn creu Cymru deg, cyfiawn a Nghymru ac ymosodiad ar fosg yng hyn wedi digwydd oni bai am Blaid ffyniannus.” Nghaerdydd. Cymru, yr unig blaid sydd a’i bodolaeth Yn sgil 9/11, cyhoeddodd Llywodraeth yr yn deiilio o fodolaeth Cymru fel cenedl. Sum m ary Alban y byddai’n sicrhau £1 miliwn ar gyfer ”Yr hyn sydd angen ar Gymru ar fyrder A scholarship at the University o f Wales is to gwella diogelwch Heoedd addoli ethnig yn yr ydyw cwblhau’r broses o greu Senedd go be founded in memory of former Plaid Alban. Mae Ms Jones yn awr yn galw am iawn gyda phwerau go iawn, a llywodraeth Cymru leader Gwynfor Evans who died in ysgogiad tebyg i ddiogelwch leoedd addoli sydd a gweledigaeth glir ar gyfer y dyfodol. April. yng Nghymru. Plaid Cymru yw’r unig blaid all ddarparu Dywedodd Ms Jones, AC rhestr Plaid gweledigaeth o’r fath a sicrhau hunan- Cymru dros y Canolbarth a’r Gorllewin: lywodraeth i’n cenedl, er mwyn galluogi Ymateb i Ganlyniadau’r TGAU “Rwyf heddiw yn annog Llywodraeth y Cymru i chwarae ei rhan mewn creu byd a’r Fagloriaeth Cynulliad i sefydlu cronfa ddiogelwch a mwy diogel a heddychlon.” Mae Gweinidog yr Wrthblaid dros rhoi’r cyfle i leoedd addoli ddefnyddio’r Addysg, Janet Ryder AC o Blaid Cymru, arian i weHa diogelwch. Sum m ary wedi llongyfarch myfyrwyr yng Nghymru Wrth ystyried y digwyddiadau diweddar The 80th anniversary o f the founding o f am eu cyraeddiadau TGAU, ond wedi yn Llundain, yr ymosodiad ar y mosg yng Plaid Cymru was marked at a ceremony rhybuddio bod angen arolwg o’r gostyngiad Nghaerdydd, a chynnydd yn y nifer o during the National Eisteddfod in August. yng ngraddau pasio TGAU a’r tueddiadau fygythiadau yn erbyn grwpiau lleiafrifol yng negyddol yn y Fagloriaeth Gymreig. Nghymru, mae’n amser i ni weithredu. Ysgoloriaeth i’w sefydlu er cof Dywedodd AC rhestr Plaid dros y Ni fydd Llywodraeth y Cynulliad yn am Gwynfor Gogledd, Ms Ryder: Hwyddo i amddffyn dinasyddion Cymru os Cynhaliwyd cinio yng Nghaemarfon er “Er bod y gyfartaledd o’r myfyrwyr sy’n na fydd yn gadael i leoedd addoli gael gafael cof am gyn-Lywydd Plaid Cymru, y derbyn graddau A* i C wedi codi rhyw yn y fath gyllid.” diweddar Dr Gwynfor Evans, lie cafodd fymryn, a bod hyn i’w groesawu, y mae’n destun pryder i weld bod graddau pasio Cronfa Goffa Gwynfor ei lansio. Un o brif Sum m ary Cymru yn is eleni na chyfartaledd Prydain. amcanion y gronfa fydd sefydlu ysgoloriaeth Helen Mary Jones AC o f Plaid called for a Bydd rhaid i ni edrych ar y gostyngiad yn y yn enw Gwynfor Evans. fund to be set up in Wales for places of graddau pasio hyn mewn yn fwy manwl er Dywedodd Llywydd Plaid Cymru, Dafydd worship to protect themselves from violence, mwyn gwybod beth yw’r rhesymau. Iwan: as has been done in Scotland, following an Mae canlyniadau Diploma Canolradd y “Un o brif amcanion y Gronfa fydd increase in anti-ethnic violence. sefydlu ysgoloriaeth i Brifysgol Cymru ond Fagloriaeth Gymreig yn codi cwestiynau. CYMUNED annual conference condemns Gwynedd council about marina extension

Cymuned, the anti-colonization movement against goes down as one of Cymuned's most for Welsh-speaking Wales, held their annual prominent victories so far.) conference in Porthmadog on June 11th. A The conference was addressed by Emyr motion was passed condemning Plaid Cymru Llywelyn, a leading member of the former controlled Gwynedd council for passing a organization Adfer who were active in the proposal to extend the marina (parking place 1970s and 80s and promoted the idea of for yachts) at Pwllheli. The motion praised recognition of a Bro Gymraeg in Wales, those councillors who were opposing the distinguishing between the areas where Welsh development, including council leader Richard was still a community language and the rest Parry Hughes. of Wales. This idea was rejected at the time by 'The decision of the Council committee is a the rest of the national movement, notably very bad one and we support the councillors Plaid Cymru and Cymdeithas yr laith, but who are calling for the decision to be referred there is now a growing realization among to the full Council', Cymuned’s chief those concerned with Welsh having a future executive, Aran Jones, stated beforehand. as a natural community language that the Plaid Cymru council leader 'Report after report has shown that not many whole of Wales is now too big to be controlled Richard Parry Hughes. jobs will be created by this plan, and most of by the Welsh-speakers and that recognition of the few jobs that will come will have a wage and the development of politics within the Bro Other motions passed at the conference insufficient to obtain a mortgage in Pwllheli. Gymraeg is essential for its survival. included a decision, given that there were Work of quality is needed in Llyn, not The first draft of Cymuned’s map of the Bro present those interested, to set up a limited attending a boat car-park for rich people.’ Gymraeg was distributed at the conference. It company aiming to build affordable houses. (Subsequently, the proposal to enlarge the marks the Bro Gymraeg as areas where at Another motion called for language marina was rejected by a meeting of the full least 50% of the population born in Wales can organizations to come together to discuss the council, largely because of local pressure led speak Welsh, and at least 33% of the total possibility of employing a full-time lobbyist by Cymuned. While it may seem surprising population, according to census figures. The for the language at the Assembly, while both that protests were needed to persuade a area concerned still runs continuously from the National Assembly and Westminster were nationalist-controlled council to reject a plan the north to the south coast on the west side called on to recognize the existence of the Bro that would have resulted in increased of Wales, and in one area extends east to the Gymraeg. colonization, the success of the campaign English border. R ap Tomos

Cardiff Council ashs Cymdeithas to 60s by Cymdeithas yr laith but Cardiff Council are still erecting English-only signs across the capital and thus breaking the law. stop defacing their signs! “Cymdeithas are completely unapologetic about these stickers. It is the responsibility of The Council for the City and so they do not have to the council that serves the capital of Wales to and County of Cardiff have ‘persuade’ non Welsh- keep to its Language Plan that says ‘All new sent a letter to Cymdeithas yr speakers to accept bilingual­ public signs for which the council is respon­ laith chairman, Steffan ism. sible, as well as those that are being Cravos, who is based in the In response Cymdeithas replaced, will be bilingual’. capital, asking Cymdeithas to chairman Steffan Cravos “We are willing to discuss the matter fur­ stop campaigning against said: ther with the council but really the only thing English-only road signs in the “The battle for bilingual they need to do is to keep to their word and city! The letter, in the name road signs was won in the put up bilingual signs.” of a Councillor E. Morgan, accuses Cymdeithas of ‘defacing’ road signs and other signs with stickers saying ‘Ble Mae’r Gymraeg?’ (‘Where is the Welsh?’). The letter continues (translation): “this vandalism (sic) is costing the Council thousands of pounds to repair every year... so I am asking you to stop producing these stickers and to ask your members to stop vandalizing public property... in places like Cardiff with a large non Welsh-speaking population it is difficult enough to persuade people to accept bilingualism in the first place.” Of course, the 1993 Welsh Language Act, limited though it is, obliges councils to com­ ply with their own Welsh Language Plans Capel Celyn was lost 40 years Robust New ago - now it’s the rest of our Language Act imperative for Welsh-speaking communities! parity between Welsh and English

During the National Eisteddfod, Plaid Cymru called for a new, robust Welsh Language Act, with the National Assembly becoming the responsible leg­ islative body. The party believes also that there should be parity with Irish at European Union level and Welsh should become an official language. Alun Ffred Jones AC (Caernarfon) said: "There is more to a bilingual Wales than forms and documents in two lan­ guages. We wish to see an increase the use of Welsh in all walks of life, and Protesters in 1960 especially in securing continuity of Cofia Dryweryn - Remember Tryweryn. Welsh-medium education from Nursery level to Universities. All citizens must In a rally held on June 11, on the shore of “In order to secure a future for our have the right and opportunity to use Llyn Tryweryn near Bala, where the communities, it is vital that we deal with the either English or Welsh. Tryweryn valley and the village of Capel present housing crisis. Cymdeithas yr Iaith’s "At a time when there is deep con­ Celyn were drowned to make a reservoir for answer is a Property Act for Wales - a cern about the European Union being Liverpool in the 1960s, Cymdeithas yr Iaith measure that deals with every part of the remote, I am proud that it is Plaid Gymraeg (The Welsh Language Society) crisis - be that unreasonable house prices, Cymru MEP Jill Evans who is leading the warned that we now face the last real chance large-scale housing developments and the campaign to enable people to communi­ to sustain viable Welsh-speaking lack of rented accommodation.” cate in their own language with communities. Cymdeithas yr Iaith believe The rally was the climax of a week of European institutions - something which that if the present mewnlifiad or immigration campaigning for a Property Act. During the can only help to remedy that." continues, no natural Welsh-speaking week, members of Cymdeithas yr Iaith took Plaid Cymru President Dafydd Iwan community will be left by the year 2020. The the campaign on tour, visiting many towns said: rally called on people to join Cymdeithas yr across Wales and collecting signatures on a "The present act is weak and ineffec­ Iaith in their campaign to reverse this serious petition calling for a Property Act. In tive in ensuring equal status for Welsh threat. Considering such a message, the rally addition, members of Cymdeithas yr Iaith and English, stating that the Welsh and was held in a particularly apt location. After spent the night ‘sleeping rough’ on the streets English languages are equal under cer­ all, the history of drowning Capel Celyn is of these towns, in order to highlight the tain circumstances only. possibly the most poignant example of a seriousness of the housing crisis. "The recent failure by the DCMS to Welsh-speaking community losing the right Robat ap Tomas prepare documents in bilingual form to control its own future. under the New Licensing Act is a blatant In particular, the rally called on people to example of the weakness of the present support the demand for a Property Act for Language Act, and of the cavalier atti­ Wales. This measure offers solutions to the tude of government. housing crisis that is undermining so many Brits say No to EU "We also need to involve the private Welsh-speaking communities. Huw Lewis sector in a meaningful way, and I believe said on behalf of Cymdeithas: status for Welsh: the private sector would welcome robust and clear guidance in the use of “This is our final practical chance to secure SNP MP Angus MacNeil (Na h- the Welsh language". a viable future for our local Welsh-speaking Eileanan an lar), having asked whether Caernarfon MP Hywel Williams said: communities. This is a task of importance for the English government had any plans "Our aim is to make Wales a model of everyone in Wales wherever they live. If to request for Welsh (and other indige­ functioning and sustainable bilingualism present trends continue, no natural Welsh­ nous languages) the status in the EU and make it possible to live every aspect speaking community will be left by the year that the Spanish government has of life naturally in the language of your 2020. At the moment, many of our obtained for Catalan, was told by choice. This aim permeates every one of communities are on the brink. Over the Douglas Alexander (Minister of State our policies, be that in education, in coming years, they are in danger of losing (Europe), Foreign & Commonwealth securing affordable homes or care for their most important resources - their local Office) that there was no intention of the elderly." shops, their schools, and, of course, their seeking status for any language other houses - leaving them in a totally than English. An illustration of the Robat ap Tomos unsustainable situation. We have little time hard unionism of New Labour. and urgent political action is needed. CYMRU IN BRIEF

‘Boring Boring’ says Morgan, but NOW is the opportunity: First Minister Rhodri Morgan, while once again dismissing the calls for a new Welsh Language Act, described the debate about the language as ‘Boring Boring’. He went on to describe Cymdeithas yr Iaith as ‘a handful of bullies’ in response to their protest when he appeared on the National Eisteddfod field in August. Cymdeithas, however, reiterated that now, with the coming abolition of the learn Welsh etc.) as did the previous ther with the council but really the only thing Welsh Language Quango, is the opportunity Newport National Eisteddfod in 1988. they need to do is to keep to their word and for introducing a proper language act to meet put up bilingual signs.” the needs of the new century. This autumn Cymdeithas’s campaign will involve putting a series of prominent notices in the Welsh Cardiff Council asks Proper parliament the only press listing those who support the cam­ Cymdeithas to stop paign, and there is to be a national rally out­ defacing their signs! way forward - Plaid Cymru side the Wales Office in Cardiff. Plaid Cymru leaders launched a campaign The Council for the City and County of for a real parliament for Wales at the Cardiff have sent a letter to Cymdeithas yr National Eisteddfod on the Faenol estate near Iaith chairman, Steffan Cravos, who is based Action on signs in Clwyd: Bangor in August. in the capital, asking Cymdeithas to stop The Leader of the Opposition in the In July members of Cymdeithas yr Iaith campaigning against English-only road signs Assembly, Ieuan Wyn Jones AC, along with Gymraeg plastered ‘Give Way’ signs in in the city! The letter, in the name of a Parliamentary Leader Elfyn Llwyd MP western Clwyd with an equivalent transla­ Councillor E. Morgan, accuses Cymdeithas launched a petition to secure a real parlia­ tion in Welsh - of ‘defacing’ road signs and other signs with ment for the people of Wales. This coincided ‘Ildiwch’. They are protesting as part of a stickers saying ‘Ble Mae’r Gymraeg?’ with the submission on the same day of the large-scale campaign to highlight the need (‘Where is the Welsh?’). The letter continues party’s detailed paper in response to the for a new Welsh language act, an act that is (translation): Government’s White Paper ‘Better relevant to Wales in the 21st Century. “this vandalism (sic) is costing the Council Governance for Wales’. “Signs such as ‘Give Way’ signs should be thousands of pounds to repair every year... Ieuan Wyn Jones AC said: bilingual under the current Language Act so I am asking you to stop producing these “Today we launch a petition calling on the 1993 and we aim to prove that the Act is no stickers and to ask your members to stop Government to establish a proper Parliament longer effective or relevant to this day and vandalizing public property... in places like for Wales, rather than the second rate fudge age. The authorities have an obligation to Cardiff with a large non Welsh-speaking which New Labour proposes in its White provide bilingual road signs. We will be con­ population it is difficult enough to persuade Paper. We are calling for a full law-making tinuing to target this type of sign while the people to accept bilingualism in the first Parliament and we make this clear in our situation remains the same”, said Dewi place.” response to the White Paper consultation, Snelson, Cymdeithas’s officer in the North. Of course, the 1993 Welsh Language Act, which we are publishing today. The campaigners will continue to target limited though it is, obliges councils to com­ If we want a better health service, or an road signs in the area to raise awareness of ply with their own Welsh Language Plans education system based on the needs of the need for legislative powers over the and so they do not have to ‘persuade’ non Wales, then we need the tools to do the job. Welsh language in the Assembly. Welsh-speakers to accept bilingualism. The current Assembly’s powers are too weak In response Cymdeithas chairman Steffan and confusing and the plan to use ‘Orders in Cravos said: Council’ as proposed by New Labour retains Eisteddfod language status: “The battle for bilingual road signs was many of the deficiencies of the current settle­ won in the 60s by Cymdeithas yr Iaith but The National Eisteddfod was held in the ment.” Cardiff Council are still erecting English- Bro Gymraeg this year, between Bangor and Plaid Cymru’s Parliamentary leader Elfyn only signs across the capital and thus break­ Caernarfon, and a great improvement was Llwyd MP commented: ing the law. noticed in the status of the language on the “We call for a referendum at the earliest “Cymdeithas are completely unapologetic field in comparison with last year’s opportunity, so that the people of Wales can about these stickers. It is the responsibility of Anglicised event in Newport, both in visible vote on the need for a proper Parliament. We the council that serves the capital of Wales to signs and as the medium of activities. It was are confident of a yes vote given that public keep to its Language Plan that says ‘All new expressed to Cymdeithas that last year’s support for a Parliament is at an all-time public signs for which the council is respon­ Eisteddfod, with its excessive emphasis on high.” ‘catering’ for non Welsh-speakers, did not sible, as well as those that are being replaced, will be bilingual’. have the same effect on local people (in Robat ap Totnos increasing awareness, encouraging people to “We are willing to discuss the matter fur­ phléigh filíocht agus drámaíocht Yeats. Lean ceisteanna is comhphlé bhríomhar gach seisiún acu, agus idir shaineolas is a mlialairt le cloisint ón lucht éisteachta. Bhí drámaíocht, scannáin, ealaíon fise is go leor eile mar chuid den fhéile freisin. ‘Le Pleure-misère’ an teideal ar sheó aonair sármhaith a bimaíodli ar ‘An Béal Bocht’, le Myles na gCopaleen. Déanadh comparáid idir dhá sheanscannán, ‘Finis Terrae’ agus Féile na nOíleán / 1 Mease na nOíleánach ‘Man of Aran’. Bhí taispeántais ghri- anghrafanna ar siúl, chomh maith le comór- tais do pháistí agus seisiúin cheoil; agus le Tháinig cultúr na hEireann agus pobal na aris’. Arsa an fear àitiuil a thaispeàin é dom linn na féile, bhí halla mór an phobail lán go Briotáine le chéile ar dliá mliórócáid an féin is do mo dlieirfiur Kintilla: “Fàilte doras le daoine ag féachaint ar na seastáin samliradli seo. Go luath i mí Lúnasa, romhaibh cium bhur n-oileàin féin!” leabhar ó chian is ó chóngar, ó fhilíocht Háití d’flireastail na céadta mílte cuairteoirí ar Bhi an-bhéim le linn na féile ar is ó sheandálaíocht na Corsaice go imeachtaí ceoil is damhsa ag an bhFéile chaidreamh idir cuairteoiri, aoianna agus haistriúcháin Fraincise ar shaothar Mhaeve Idircheilteach i Lorient, a thug túsáite i pobal an oileàin, ar ghlac go leor acu pàirt Binchy agus Pháraic Uí Chonaire. mbliana d’aoianna na hEireann. Agus ag ghniomhach san fhéile. Tà Enez Eusa féin Ceiliúradh idirchultúrtha, más ea, agus é deireadh na míosa, rinne mile nó breis cuair­ méid àirithe nios mó na Inis Meàin, Arainn, spreagúil agus síorspéisiuil dá réir. Fuair na teoirí a sii go hoileán beag ar chósta thiar na agus thart ar 900 duine ina gcónai ann i rith cuairteoirí spléachadh ar an litríocht sa dá Briotáine, cium freastal ar fhéile leabhar is na bliana. Is beag feirmeoireacht a déantar theanga in Éirinn, ach fuair muide, Éirean- litríochta a mhair ceithre lá agus a d’fháiltigh ann inniu, agus ta raithneach is driseacha le naigh, léargas éigin ar conas mar a léitear ár i mbliana roimli dream scríbhneoirí de chuid feiceàil go forleathan, chomh maith le fraoch gcuid leabhar i gcéin. Tuiscint chultúrtha eile na hEireann. is aiteann. Tà sé lom, sceirdiuil, agus tithe a fuaireamar ag am beili: chuir foireann ‘Saloñs Levriou an Inizi’ as Briotáinis, nó solais ollmhóra ar a chóstai creagacha. Is léir dheonach béilí breátha tri chúrsa romhainn ‘Salon du Livre Insulaire’ as Fraincis, atá go bhfuil an t-oileàn ag brath cuid mhaith ar faoi dhó gach lá, agus gan aon rian le feiceáil mar theideal ar an bhféile, a bhí ar siúl don na milte turasóiri a théann ann ar thóir den rubarshicín learnh a bhíonn ar fáil ró- seachtii huair. Blianta eile, bhi aird an tionóil suaimhnis is cùrsai spóirt farraige. Nil mhinic do lucht féilte in Éirinn! ar litriocht de chuid oileáin atá nó a bhiodh Briotàinis à labhairt ach ag corrdhuine aon­ faoi smacht na Fraince, leithéidí Háití, air, agus blu an Fhraincis in uachtar le linn an Anna Heussaff, whose first novel was pub­ Guadeloupe agus an Chorsaic. Bhi an spot- Salons Levriou. lished in Irish last year, took part in a major solas ar thraidisiùin liteartha na hEireann an Mar aon le hEireannaigh, bhi Briotànaigh book fair and festival on the Breton island of babhta seo, agus léachtai, seiminéir is go is Francaigh i mbun léachtai lena linn: ina Eusa (or Ouessant in French), where her leor eile ar siúl, mar aon le mórthaispeántais measc, an t-ùdar Briotànach, Hervé Jaouen, a father’s ancestors had ruled the roost sever­ leabhar. bhfuil iliomad scriofa aige faoi Éirinn; Roger al centuries ago. Ireland’s literature, both in Tá saothar ilghnéitheach le maíomh ag na Faligot, a labhair ar an litriocht do phaisti in Irish and in English, was the focus of this scríbhneoirí a bhí i láthair. Ar na scríbh­ Éirinn; Jennifer Heurley, starai agus tireolai year’s ‘Salon du Livre Insulaire neoirí Gaeilge, bhí Micheál Ó Conghaile, óg ó Phàras, a thug cur sios ar theorairmi gearrscéalaí, úrscéalaí, drámadóir agus foil- polaitiula is intinne araon in Éirinn; agus Anna Heussaff sitheoir; Dara Ó Conaola, Árannach a bhfuil Jacqueline Jeunet, acadùlai mórchàilithe, a filíocht, gearrscéalta agus tuilleadh lena ainm; agus Diarmuid Johnson, a bhfuil Briotáinis is Breatnais araon ar a thoil aige, agus ar foilsíodh a chéad chnuasach filíochta, ‘Súil Saoir’, anuraidh. Ar na scríb­ hneoirí Béarla, bhí Jennifer Johnston, a bhfuil mórchlú ar a cuid úrscéalta; Dermot Healy, úrscéalaí agus drámadóir aitheanta atá lonnaithe i Sligeach; agus Desmond Egan, file a bhfuil iliomad duaiseanna idimáisiúnta buaite aige. Maidir liom féin, seans nárbh é m’úrscéal mistéire aonair (‘Bás Tobann’, a foilsíodh anuraidh) amháin a mheall spéis an lucht eagraithe. Ouessant atá mar ainm Fraincise ar an oileán a d’fháiltigh romhainn; ach an bunainm Briotáinise ná Enez Eusa (nó Eussa), a chiallaionn ‘Inis Uachtair’, agus is cosúil go raibh mo shinsear Briotánach in uachtar arm mar thaoisigh sna meánaoisean- na! San 18ú céad atá an taifead deiridh ar mhuintir Heussaff san áit, agus faoin am sin, ni raibh fágtha againn ach dealbhghiobail na huaisleachta. Mar sin féin, tá mana nó rose Briotáinise na sinsear úd fós mar mhana ag an oileán féin, agus é péinteáilte ar fhalla an stáisiúin tarrthála mara: ‘Mar kouezh en em sav’ atá air, ionann is ‘má thitimid, éirímid OGRAS w e l s h l in k s

by the Regional Director of Urdd and the Chairman of 6gras on their respective organisations. There were speeches also by the project coordinators of the different organisations explaining what the project entailed. We had a dance display by members of Urdd and Ogras. It was very enjoyable. When the launch was over we had a Welsh Language course. In it we learned about the There is an ongoing project now between history of the Welsh language and its status Ogras (The Irish Language Youth today. As well as that we learned about the Organisation) and Urdd Gobaith Cymru (The differences and similarities between the Irish Welsh Language Youth Organisation). The and Welsh language. Our teacher was name of the project is ‘Bendigeidfran’ and it teaching in Welsh, but we had a translator to will last three years. Bendigeidfran was a translate to Irish. We had a chance to look character from the Mabinogi who formed a around the Eisteddfod. It was similar to the bridge between Wales and Ireland. The races. There were marquees everywhere in project is funded by Lnterreg IIIA. There will which different organisations were situated. be 5 courses in each country making a These organisations weren’t limited to Welsh Bendigeidfran - a bridge between maximum of 10 courses in which the two languages organisations - a sign that the Wales and Ireland. groups from each country will be taking part language is strong. There were organisations learning about their respective Celtic like Urdd Gobaith Cymru, S4C, Cymdeithas cultures. The project was launched on yr Iaith Gymraeg, Cymuned and Plaid OGOGOCH. There was a train station in Saturday 30^ July at the Eisteddfod in Cymru. But you had a science centre (with an there. It is a tourist venue basically for its Bangor, Wales. A group from Ogras went ongoing science show which was very name. over to Wales during the August Bank interesting), Oxfam and a lot of different This was my first time in Wales and I Holiday weekend. As well as the launch the shops as well which showed the wide range enjoyed it thoroughly as did the rest of the first of the courses was run. This course was of organisations participating. Of course the group. It really opened my eyes to the state of on the Welsh language. The young people Eisteddfod wouldn’t be complete without the the Welsh language and what the Irish learned a few words of Welsh over there. choral competition. All in all a very language can aspire to. The next course will Indeed I myself learned a few words. It is interesting and enjoyable experience from be in Ireland at the Scleip na hOige at the great to hear the Welsh language being which I think the Irish could learn a few Oireachtas in Cork from the 2n^ to the 51'1 of spoken. The language is a community things. November. Ogras hopes to make the Welsh language over there and not just in the Welsh The next day we went to the Welsh as welcome as they made us in Wales. We speaking regions. Compared to Ogras, I have Language and Heritage Centre in Pwllheli in will give them a good taste of Irish culture. to admit the Urdd have much better facilities. the Welsh hills. I have to say the scenery was Our course will consist of teaching them When we were over there we travelled all breathtaking. There we learned a few words about Irish sports like Hurling, Gaelic over the country. We started out in of Welsh and we learned about the Football and Handball. Caoimhin O Cadhla Llanchrannog, which is in the south of the surrounding area. It was a mining area. The is the project coordinator for Ogras and Nia country. There Urdd had a hostel in which way we learned about this area was through Meleri Roberts is the project coordinator for they had an Astro Turf pitch. I have to say a treasure hunt. After we finished the Urdd Gobaith Cymru. If you wish to know when I arrived there the place reminded me language course we went to Caernarfon more about this project you contact either of the Dingle Peninsula in Kerry. It had a Castle. It is an impressive sight. This was the project coordinator at the details below. lovely view out to the sea. At the Astro Turf place where Prince Charles of Wales was we showed the Welsh how to play Gaelic inaugurated. It was a huge complex. It is a Caoimhin 6 Cadhla, Football. The Urdd members must be good at tourist site at present. There was even a Comhordaitheoir Tionscnaimh Rugby because they used their skills to beat military museum in there in which there was Bendigeidfran (Project Coordinator Bendigeidfran), Ogras, 6 Sraid Fhearchair, Bade us in the Gaelic Football Match, amazingly. memorabilia from the troubles like An Atha Cliath 2. We won’t let that happen again. After the Phoblacht to make me feel at home! I never thought I would see Irish Republican items in + 3531 4751487/Mobile: 087 - 9690490 match the young people had built up a hunger caoimhin(d>opras.ie and we had a Barbeque. The next day we a British Military Museum. Being at the headed to Machynlleth in which Owain castle reminded me how the English Nia Meleri Roberts, Glyndwr’s Parliament is situated. We learned managed to keep a hold of Wales. Wales has Urdd Gobaith Cymru a lot about how the Welsh defended a maximum of 400 castles in its country. Uwch Swyddog Datblygu Cynllun themselves against the English for a period. The next day we went to the Marquees BENDIGEIDFRAN - Yn pontio ieuenctid Cymru ac Iwerddon / Project Development After lunch we headed to the Sain Recording of Anglesey’s Column. We were able Office:BENDIGEIDFRAN- Uniting young people Studios, which Catatonia used when she was to see the whole of Anglesey from the top of it. It is another sign of English in Ireland and Wales. starting out. It was interesting finding out Swyddfa V Urdd, Ffordd Llanbadarn, dominance. It was built in 1817 how an album is made. Later that evening we Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, SY23 1EY. headed to Bangor in the North of the to commemorate the Battle of Waterloo. On Ffon / Phone: 01970 613127 Country. our way to the boat back to Ireland we Ffacs / Fax: 01970 626120 The next day we went to the National stopped in - hold on, this will take a while Cyfeiriad e-bost / e-mail: [email protected] Eisteddfod to launch the project. Urdd had its -LLANFAIRPWLLGWYNGYLLGOGER Ar y we / Website: www.urdd.org own tent at the event. There we had speeches YCHWYRNDROBWLLLLANTYSILIOG widely promoting Irish traditional singing. A Tribute to the Late Frank Harte He was a much sought after guest at folk clubs, seminars and festivals. He sang, taught and lectured at workshops throughout by Pat Burke Ireland, Britain, Europe and North America. His talks though, were never boring or acad­ “Those in power write the history, those who suffer write the songs, emic, but rather in the mould of a fireside given our history, we have an awful lot o f songs”. Frank Harte. storyteller. One such story was of an Appalachian fiddle player, who played a Frank Harte was bom in Dublin on May lively march in Frank’s company. Frank 14th 1933. He grew up in Chapelizod, where enquired as to the name of the march only to his father owned ‘The Tap’ public house. A be told it was known as ‘Napoleon crossing Traveller singing the ‘Valley of the Rockies’. When Frank said that he was Knockanure’, on a fair day in Boyle, unaware that Napoleon had ever set foot in Co .Roscommon was what first sparked his North America, the old fiddler looked at him interest in Irish traditional singing. It was an quizzically, before replying at interest that became lifelong. By the end of length...... ’’Scholars differ!” last year, his database of Irish songs had Frank’s contribution to Irish traditional reached over 15,000. An architect by profes­ song was such that his life and times featured sion, he managed to find time to record a in an hour long programme on the ‘Se mo number of albums. ‘Down Dublin Streets’ Laoch’ series on TG4 in 2002. In 2003, he first appeared on Topic Records in 1967, fol­ received the Gradam TG4 traditional singing lowed by ‘Through Dublin City’. His song- award. At 71 years of age, and despite ill book, ‘Songs of Dublin’ appeared in 1978. health, he continued to record. The Hungry His first collaboration with Donal Lurmy Voice, an album of songs of the Great was on the album, ‘And Listen To My Song’ Frank Harte, R.I.P. Famine was launched last year, and just prior and following this, on ‘Daybreak and a to his death he had completed recording a CD Candle-End’, which was released in 1987. In of Irish labouring songs; ‘There’s Gangs of 1998, the 200th anniversary of the 1798 and includes many of the forgotten songs of Them Digging’. Rebellion saw a number of books and CDs ’98. In 2001, he launched a CD of songs of Frank Harte is survived by his wife Stella, launched to commemorate the Rising. the Napoleonic period, ‘My Name is his sons Darragh and Cian, and his daugh­ ‘1798-the first year of Liberty’ was Frank Napoleon Bonaparte’. This highly acclaimed ters, Sinead and Orla. Harte's major contribution. This excellently double album has a total of 26 songs, as well produced album on Hummingbird Records is as a 56 page booklet of sleeve notes. © Pat Burke 2005. distinctive in having copious sleeve-notes Over many years, Frank Harte travelled

Irish Language for Entry to Garda Abolished

Michael McDowell, Irish Minister for legal and constitutional context, it is essential This new recruiting initiative presents a Justice, has effectively abolished the entry that every garda have a working communica­ great opportunity to carry into effect on a requirement of basic Irish for the Garda tive command thereof in order to deal effec­ practical and realistic basis Government Siochana. He announced this move along tively with the public through Irish: to give and and Garda policy on the Irish language, with plans to recruit new Immigrants into receive directions, the take names and Irish presents us with an opportunity to the Gardaa . Commenting on the move addresses, to take a sample of a person's promote an Irish identity beyond creed or Conradh na Gaeilge and iMeasc (the breath, to give a caution, etc., and to converse skin colour. Recruits should not be shut organisation of Irish speaking immigrants) freely on duty related topics. out from Irish because of their ethnic back­ ground." commended the Department of Justice’s This level of proficiency is B1 on the initiative to recruit Gardai from the ethnic Common European Scale, and easily achieved Tuilleadh eolais/Further Information: communities in order that the force may be over the 2 year training period. Higher levels representative of all the people of Ireland, Daithf Mac Carthaigh, of competence may be required for postings Uachtaran/President, Conradh na Gaeilge and stated that this approach showed a lin­ through Irish or in the Gaeltacht. guistic and cultural awareness which will 087-2368364 augment policing in general. If every Garda cannot communicate with Ariel Killick, Cathaoirleach/Chair, iMEASC the public in Irish, the language will be mar­ The statement went on to say "NUI 086-3440668 ginalised. For example, a person who speaks Maynooth has developed Teastas Eorpach Irish could be ordered to speak English on na Gaeilge, a curriculum and an assess­ pain of arrest. ment system linked to the Common European Framework of Reference which is most appropriate to upskill and assess garda recruits realistically and scientifically as part of their training. This approach can be used for recruits who attended school here as well as abroad, fwww.nuim.ie/lan- guaae/irishexams.htmn It is manifest that not every garda need be an "authority" on Irish, however, in the There was a general welcome to this highly significant event from the British and Irish governments and politicians in the north and in the Republic. However the Rev. Ian Paisley of the majority Unionist party the DUP expressed scepticism, questioned the integrity of the independent churchmen and re-iterated the DUP would not share power with Sinn Fein. Meanwhile the DUP makes no attempt to influence loyalist paramilitaries to disarm and the Catholic population endures a high level of continuing sectarian attacks. Both governments have now to increase pressure on the recalcitrant DUP. It is ironic that having persistently made IRA decommissioning their major demand the On the 28th July in a move which had been Protestant and Catholic churches, to testify DUP cannot now come to grasp with it and find themselves wrong footed. While hinted at for some time the leadership of the to this. " Irish Republican Army issued a statement At end of September the pledge made in meetings of the two governments are to take indicating that it was formally ending its regard to decommissioning and the IICD place to review the activation of the Local armed struggle. The statement read “The (Independent International Commissioning Assembly some observers feel that the DUP leadership o f Oglaigh na hEireann has on Decommissioning) was fulfilled when the have no intention of sharing power until after formally ordered an end to the armed Chairman of the IICD, Canadian General the next Assembly elections when they campaign. This will take effect from 4pm this John de Chastelain, announced on Sept. 26th would hope for a different outcome. afternoon. All IRA units have been ordered that the IRA’s arsenal had been put beyond to dump arms. All Volunteers have been use. Over the preceding weeks the IICD in instructed to assist the development o f purely the presence of two independent witnesses, political and democratic programmes Fr. Alex Reid of the Clonard monastery (who through exclusively peaceful means. had been at the centre of the peace process Volunteers must not engage in any other for years) and Fbotestant clergyman Rev. activities whatsoever. Harold Good, witnessed the The IRA leadership has also authorised decommissioning of machine guns, rocket our representative to engage with the IICD propelled grenades, ground to air missiles, to complete the process to verifiably put its mortars, grenades, rifles, pistols a wide range arms beyond use in a way which will further of ammunition and Semtex high explosive. enhance public confidence and to conclude The General confirmed that the inventory this as quickly as possible. We have invited closely matched estimates from the British two independent witnesses, from the and Irish government’s estimates of the Independent witnesses, Fr. Alex Reid IRA’s stockpiles. and Rev. Harold Good.

THE EU. Such harmonisation was actually that has been opened by last Tuesday’s Trial by Jury and the mooted in the proposed EU Constitution hugely important EU Court judgement would which French and Dutch voters rejected this undoubtedly be based on continental practice Presumption of summer, BUT UNDER THE EU rather thanon court practice in English- CONSTITUTION IT WOULD HAVE influenced countries such as Ireland, Britain, Innocence REQUIRED UNANIMITY amongst all 25 the USA, Canada, Australia, India etc. EU States. Thus for example it was the ECJ that laid threatened by EU Court This recent judgement however opens the down the principle in various judgements in judgement way for crimes against EU law to be the 1960s that European law should override established BY MAJORITY VOTE OF THE national law; for this principle has never EU MEMBERGOVERNMENTS, together been stated in any EC/EU Treaty.lt was the Readers of CARN may care to note that with harmonised penalties and criminal court ECJ that decided in other important cases one implication of the EU Court of Justice’s procedures. In other words, they could be that European laws had direct and immediate rejection of the Irish and other EU imposed on Irish citizens at EU level even effect once they were adopted, which made Governments’ positions in the Luxembourg though the Irish Government and people National Governments liable to legal action court judgement of early Sept., is that it were quite against them, as long as the for retrospective damages if they failed to could threaten trial by jury and the Brussels Commission proposes them and a implement supranational EU laws in time. presumption of innocence until proven guilty qualified majority of other EU States agree. Now the ECJ has given the EU the power to in EU criminal casesat some time in the Trial by jury and the presumption of establish a supranational criminal code and future. innocence until an accused person is proven harmonised penalties and legal procedures This EU Court judgement not only opens a guilty are features of Anglo-Saxon legal by majority vote, even if individual legal way for the establishment of an EU systems and do not exist in most continental governments and countries and their peoples criminal code and common criminal EU States. may be quite against that. sanctions for serious breaches of EU law IN Most EU States permit detention without I trust readers of CARN will agree that this ANY AREA OF EU POLICY, but it also trial and preventive arrest, have inquisitorial is a major blow to what is left of Irish opens the way for HARMONISING magistrates and place the burden of proof on democracy and national independence in CRIMINAL PROCEDURE AT the accused rather than the accuser.The way face of the EU. SUPRANATIONAL LEVEL ACROSS to a supranational EU criminal law system Anthony Coughlan nessa teyr dhe’n liha.Gwren ni hedhi ha kana ‘Gwynn agan bys! ’

We wonder if Katrina will have more KernowR success bending Bush’s ear to the reality of global warming than Blair’s devotion and faithful obeisance. This Government has to go; more and more it shows itself completely unwilling to Devedhys an prys dhe woslowes listen to the people. Locally John Prescott and his minions absolutely refuse to consider Cornwall’s case for a regional assembly. Devedhys yw an termyn pur wir dhe wul an tiredh: puhtra yw desedhys yn kessedhek They are fixated on creating, with no diwedh a’n govemans yn dann Toni Blair. pynag hag ogas di yn kevrin. Marth o genen democratic consultation, this fictional and Dhe voy ha moy efan yth yw kemmys dell klywes yn kever unn ‘kwango’ a’n par- unwanted South-West region. There is no wra skonya bodh an bobel.War nivel an bys na,neb a biw restrichiow le kostek dhe bobel democratic input into this regional se-up; bras, yma hwath ow klena orth lystenn Bush, le-el, (ha meur edhomm yw henna), dell everything is decreed by quangos, working prest yn unn hwilas heb mar neb fordh dhe wmg gorra a denewenn peswar milvil a pretty much in secret. One example: it came dhiank Irak. Pur sertan ny alias y wasonieth beunsowrag preña kampvaow dhe’n as a surprise that £4 million o f funding for uvel ha lei treylya dhe les, naneyl dhodho-ev ‘dremenysi’. Yth hevell dhe nebes abanan local needs housing had been diverted to na dhyn-ni.Y hyll bosKatrina dhe gavoes bos an sommenn na pur hel pan vo hevellys provide camp-sites for ‘travellers ’. gwell sowyna orth y wamya bos gwir peryl orth an myns y’n bojet. The campaign continues for a Cornish toemmhehans an norvys. Hwath, awos oil Prescott dhe dhasleverel Assembly. Maybe we should be encouraged Sowedliny wrag Kemow namenowgh na yll nevra hwarvos, an movyans a bes ow by the language movement’s success in sevel yn y vrys:gesys yw‘ranndiryow’ dhe pysi agan ranndir agan honan. achieving, for the next few years at least, Jowan Prescott . Henna yw ervirys(praga? An yeth, a’y wosa, a wel termyn owrek £200,000 per year - if, a big ‘if, only we can ny yllyn mamas desmygi) dhe wul ranndir dhe voslunnnweyth mar kyllyn settle our internal differences. an Soth West, an brassa yn ystennans tir yn ni,gemewegoryon dos ha bos unys y’gan ‘Pow Sows. Na nyns eus y’n govemans gorholeth ha towlennow. Yma lemmyn war J . Holmes ranndiryel-na tyller vydh dlie levow poblans an voes £200,000 pub blydhen (rag pub a’n Critics call for a single Cornish standard

Critics of the way the Cornish language little hard fact on the current number of has developed, with several different Cornish teachers and classes.’ spelling systems appearing over the years, ‘The ownership of the language lies with has led to calls by some to agree on a the people of Cornwall. People using words standard orthographic (spelling) system. At like ‘corrupt’ and ‘pure’ is not helpful. We a public meeting in Truro, to debate the should value all versions at this stage.’ recently published Cornish language John Angarrack, spokesperson for the strategy, many people aired their anger and Cornwall 2000 Civil Liberties/Civil Rights frustration at the apparent reluctance of some Group, said after the meeting, that the panel Cornish linguists to decide on a single ‘were not dealing with the ‘elephant in the written form of Cornish. room’ that is orthographic factionalism.’ Professor Keith Atkinson, provost of the Recently a number of criticisms have been University of Exeter in Cornwall and Chair levied at the Cornish language, most notably of the meeting, agreed with the critics. Prof. from James Staunghton of St Austell’s Atkinson argued that a unified Cornish Brewery and one of Cornwall’s leading language was needed and that this could not businessmen who complained that he ‘didn’t be achieved internally. think this is a good way of spending public “If you get the right people, you have a money.’ chance. Otherwise you are still going to he ‘We have got to appear modem, forward here in 20 years time arguing the toss.’ looking, innovative and be looking at the It has been two years since the Council of world in 20 years time rather than 20 years Europe Charter for Regional and Minority backward.’ Languages placed an obligation on the Mr Saunghton’s words came in the wake of Westminster Government to take ‘resolute Kerrier District Council’s decision to adopt a action’ to protect and promote the Cornish bi-lingual Comish/English language policy language. for use with public signs George AnSell, Chair o f the However, only a few thousand ponds has The Cornish Branch of the Celtic League Steering Group. so far been spent on the Cornish language are currently writing to all the Town and and language promotion and protection is Parish Councils in Cornwall encouraging promoted many Cornish Councils to debate still heavily reliant on volunteers. them to promote the Cornish language on the issue, with the majority promising to do George Ansell, one such volunteer and pubhc signs and to support the Cornish all they can. Only a handful of councils have Chair of the Steering Group behind the language where ever possible. Rhisiart Tal-e- written back to us so far saying that they will Cornish Language Strategy, commented bot, Chair of the Branch, said, ‘on the whole not do anything until a standard orthography that, ‘At the moment we have a lot of the responses that we have received have has been decided upon. ’ hearsay, incomplete information and very been very positive and our campaign have more in tune with us as our identity strengthens, as our history, culture and A Cornish Church for a language are reclaimed. But the great difficulty is, when you want Cornish People to talk to the Church, you have to speak to it in its own language, a language called “Theological.” You must present your case using the Bible, references to Church Is there is a gap opening up between England as it is starting to be seen as an alien teachings and appeals to historical precedent. Cornwall and its Church? While Cornish usurper undermining our identity and There is no point just shouting at it “You identity strengthens, is that of our Church in aspirations, the Methodist Church because of shouldn’t he flying the Flag of St George decline? de-industrialisation and social fragmentation. from our church towers,” as it just can’t The Archbishop of Canterbury once They are becoming ever more distant from us understand what you are saying. harshly said of his church that it was like an as all their outward attention is increasingly That is why Fry an Spyrys has drawn up old woman mumbling away to herself in a demanded by centralising authorities based the first ever Theology of Place for Cornwall comer in some strange language. The in London and Manchester. to present our case to the Church in Church of England (and the Methodist “Theological.” We are years behind Wales in Church too for that matter) does seem to be all this, hut academics there are totally preoccupied with eternal, internal enthusiastically supportive and delighted we squabbles and structural reorganisation. As a are now in the game. result, the Church can appear inward looking Places such as Cornwall are important - and self-ohsessed. It is certainly difficult they can give our lives meaning and a sense getting its attention if you are “out there” and of belonging and purpose, all things held in not on some internal committee. common with a faith or church. Places can As a campaign group calling for the and do spiritually sustain people and the disestablishment of the Church of England spiritual is a fundamental part of our identity. here to form a Church of Cornwall, Fry an A people, their spirituality and their place of Spyrys has to engage with it. As we would belonging are inseparably linked and like to see Cornwall’s Methodist District in The campaign for self-government for the mutually supporting, In short, a place, its full control of its own affairs, finances and churches o f Cornwall people and their Church need each other. chapels, we need to gain its interest as well. The Church may be too self-preoccupied to When the church roof is falling off or chapel We each need an identity which has to he listen, but at least we are talking the same bills are mounting up, our campaign must rooted in a place and community - hence the language now. seem just another annoying problem rather current Cornish Revival. But if the identity of Andy Phillips is the author of “Lan- than a solution. Maddeningly, when the ship a church is not rooted in that of the Kemow: A Theology of Place for Cornwall.” has sprung a dangerous leak, the crew have community it serves, it risks becoming an A copy can be obtained by sending a large little time for lifeboat salesmen. inward looking and unloved holy club, even SAE to Fry an Spyrys, 6 For it seems to me that the Church of a sect. Our aim is to encourage the Church in England and Methodist Church here are Cornwall to deepen its roots in our soil and Rhisiart Tal-e-bot having an identity crisis, the Church of not let others rip them up. We want it to feel

and/or unsure to the inclusion of Kernewek Campaign for Inclusion of Cornish on all Public Signage on public signs within their boundaries. In addition, we will try to build measures of In May 2005, An Scoren Kemewek/The 4. Did you know that town and parish support between those Councils who are Cornish Branch of the Celtic League began a Councils have the right to debate and fully sympathetic to the aims of our Cornish language campaign, the first step of decide whether to include the Cornish campaign and those bodies that are able to which has involved writing to all the town language on place name signs within their help them further. and parish councils in Cornwall, including area? An Scoren Kernewek have so far received Truro City Council. Our aim was to raise responses from about half of all the Parish awareness of Kernewek (the Cornish 5. What other factors would help to Councils written to and about three quarters language) among local councillors and to facilitate and/or encourage your Council of the Town Councils that we have assess the position of each council regarding to include the Cornish language on public contacted. We have also received a response the inclusion of Kernewek on signs. signage? from Truro City Council, Cornwall’s only In addition, we listed a series of 5 questions such council. On the whole the responses that we asked each of the Councils to address From this information and assessing the have been fairly positive and all the Councils in a debate on the language. These were: response of the Councils, it is our intention to who have written back have assured us that develop the campaign further. We will do they debated the issues as a consequence of 1. Have you debated any aspect of the this by firstly addressing each of the our letter. Cornish language at a full council concerns that the Councils raise and by meeting since 2003? chasing up the Councils that have not replied A resolution at this year’s AGM was adopted to our letters. It will then be possible to draw 2. Do you have a policy on the use of the (see Celtica section) in support o f this a map of Cornwall where we will be able Cornish language on public signage and campaign, which also sees An Scoren assess which Councils are for, against and/or if so when and where from was the Kernewek extending its campaign to liaise unsure about the use of kernewek on public content compiled? with the Breton Branch for Breton road signs signage. to be used throughout Breizh. 3. What provision have you made for the This knowledge will then be used to Cornish language within your council campaign more effectively to try to persuade R. Tal-e-bot since 2003? those Councils who are unsympathetic gaccan mychione ny reddyn shen va grait 1 1 echey. Er lhiam pene dy vod oo sheeyney A I ny dooyrt eh gys Yemish as Britaanish - as eer gys Bretnish, foddee. Agh cha nel mee Mannin ro hickyr dy vel berchys ny chengaghyn caillt son dy bragh. Foddee dy jig sorchyn 1= =j noa dy verchys rish. Son Bretyn, va Jeremy Turner credjal dy lajer dy vel ellyn ny aght niartal ry hoi Aavioghey Chengaghyn Liorish Ellyn aavioghey chengey. T’eh gobbraghey marish y ven echey lesh dramaghyn as cloieyn ayns Bretnish son sleih aegey fud She aavioghey chengaghyn Co-Op. Hirr Arthur er e yishag ny cheerey. Shegin cochiangley tradishoon liorish ellyn va’n ard-chooish Gaidhlig y loayrt rish as haink lesh reddyn noa, as shegin jeeaghyn er ec y Chohaglym Celtiagh syn Arthur dy ve flaaoil. Va ny reddyn ta goll er ayns ymmodee Oban ayns Nalbin ayns possanyn-kiaullee Runrig as cheeraghyn. Jeih bleeaney as feed er dy Jerrey Souree. Loayr Capercaillie niartal as ad henney, va thieyn-cloie ayns Bretyn geiyrt chaghteryn veih ny shey cur er Arthur dy ve smoo cheeraghyn Celtiagh graihagh foast er y chengey. dy chionn er thieyn-cloie ayns Sostyn. Agh nish ta daanys dy liooar ec Bretnee (erskyn mychione y chooish shoh. Ny Hug eh shapp-chiaullee er chaghteryn veih Mannin as bun ayns Purtree as ghow eh ooilley ec Bretnisheyryn) dy gholl gys cheeraghyn elley dy ynsaghey reddyn noa Nalbin, loayr adsyn mychione ny toshiaght d’obbraghey son h-aghtyn oddys kiaulleeaght as Feisean nan Gaidheal. Ec y traa oddys ny Bretnee goaill ymmyd jeh. Cosoylit rish ny cheeraghyn Celtiagh elley, arraneyn cooney lesh chengaghyn t’ayns t’ayn, ta mysh queig meeilley dy leih aegey stayd faase. Loayr chaghteryn veih goaill aym ayns feaillaghyn ta goll er ta Bretyn foddey ny stroshey ayns cooishyn ny thieyn-cloie sy chengey ghooghyssagh. cheeraghyn elley mychione ellyn reaghey ec y cheshaght shoh. As ta mysh reayrtagh, thieyn-cloie son feallagh aegey, hoght meeilley dy leih aegey elley er Va’n loayrtys voish Nerin siane anchasley. V’eh er ve reaghit dy beagh peiagh ennagh as lettyraght. chemmalyn y cheshaght. Ta Arthur voish Thie-cloie yn Abban ayns Divlyn, dy Loayr Anne Kissack ass lieh Vannin as beagh eshyn loayrt son Nerin. Agh cha dod ish cur magh fys mychione goaill arrane eh cheet gys yn Oban kyndagh rish boirey ayns Gaelg er y gherrid. Erskyn ooilley, ayns cooishyn-reirey yn thie-cloie. Myr v ’ee loayrt mychione ny sheshaghtyn- shen, loayr leaghteyr ollooscoill, Daithi O arraneys Caarjyn Cooidjagh as Cliogaree hOgain, syn ynnyd jeh. Vrie eshyn y feysht Twoaie, as possanyn-kiaullee myr ’C’red ta ellyn?’ S’doillee freggyrt y chur. Mactullagh Vannin, y Mollag Band, King Gyn ourys erbee, va Daithi er chur yn oik er Chiaullee as Moot. Chammah as shen, hug politickeyryn, sharvaantyn theayagh as ee magli sampleyryn jeh ny daanyn ellyneyryn ayns Nerin as eshyn briaght jeu Gaelgagh yindyssagh ta goll er croo ec ‘C’red ta ellyn?’ roish my row ny paitchyn aegey sy Ghaelscoill ec Bailey politickeyryn stowal toyrtyssyn er ny h- Keeill Eoin. Agh ooilley cooidjagh, ren ellyneyryn. Cha dod eh rieau ansoor kiart y Anne goaill rish dy vel Mannin foast gheddyn - cha nyrrys noadyr. Ta Daithi O beggan moal bentyn rish y Ghaelg as ny h- hOgain smooinaghtyn dy vod ellyn ve ellynyn, tra ta Mannin goll er cosoylaghey gaueagh my she impiroilaghys cultooroil rish ny cheeraghyn Celtiagh elley. Agh ta’n t’ayn. Foddee cruinneydaght (globalisation) Ghaelg cheet neese voish stayd injil as nee cur sorchyn ennagh dy h-ellyn er sleih er reddyn sharaghey son shickyrys. Va egin. Cha nel Daithi coontey monney jeh chaghteryn veih ny cheeraghyn elley goaill ‘far-ellyn’ - Britart as y lheid, raad nagh vel tastey dy vel sleih cadjin gobbraghey son y Arthur Cormack, who represented Alba at yn ellyneyr agh cur magh hene-hoilshagh Ghaelg ayns Mannin - she cooish y theay the Congress as guest speaker and singer. (self-expression). Ta far-ellyn vrisht myr t’ayn son y chooid smoo. Arthur Cormack, shoh mie dy liooar son cultoor mooar lesh ren loayrt son Nalbin, t’eh ny arraneagh Cormack lane shickyr dy vel shoh cooney chengey lajer, agh cha nel ee cooie damyn- veih’n Elian Skianagh as ny stiureyder jeh lesh aavioghey yn chengey. chultooryn lesh chengaghyn ta fo vaggyrt. Feisean nan Gàidheal. Shoh sheshaght t’er Coardail rish Daithi O hOgain, sleih ta ve feer speeideilagh as ad greinnaghey Coardail rish towse-barel va jeant feiy geearree aavioghey chengaghyn, she sleih feallagh aegey dy ghoaill arrane ayns Nalbin er y gherrid, ta 71% dy leih quaagh t’ayn er y fa dy vel ad ayns stayd Gàidhlig as dy chloie kiaulleeaght smooinaghtyn dy lhisagh caa ve currit da quaagh. Y red smoo, t’eh gra, shen dy Albinagh. Hie Arthur dys scoili ayns gagh Albinagh Gàidhlig ‘ynsaghey. Shoh livrey yn pobble veih cruinneydaght. Ta ny Purtree tra va’n coarys-ynsee noi’n Ghaelg caghlaa mooar. Va reddyn grait ec Arthur chengaghyn hene nyn ellynyn, as cha nel Albinagh - begin da reih eddyr Frangish as nagh geayll mee rieau roie, ga dy vel mee er eiraght as crootaght scarrit veih my Gàidhlig! T’eh siane bwooisal nish dy reih chredjal ad rish bleeantyn. Dooyrt eh dy cheilley. Dy ve ynnydagh, shen dy ve co- eh yn chengey ghooghyssagh, ga dy row e nhegin da’n Ghàidhlig croghey er sleih t’er chadjin (universal). Shegin jeeaghyn y phaarantyn noi shen. Cha row Gàidhlig ayr nynsaghey’n chengey sy traa ry heet. As berchys jeh cultoor tradishoonagh da Arthur feer vie, agh haink ee dy ve mie veagh blass y chengey goll er caghlaa. As, feallagh aegey. Shegin cultoor elley y erbaghtal er y fa dy row eh eginit loayrt ee ny sodjey, t’eh ro anmagh berchys y lhiasaghey. As she shinyn ta gra quoi rish custymeyryn ayns Gaelg Albinagh chengey y hauail. Adsyn va geaishtagh rish shinyn, cha nee sleih elley. Erskyn ooilley, ayns buill fadaneagh syn Elian Skianagh as Arthur Cormack, foddee dy row kuse jeu sleih ta geearree aavioghey chengaghyn, eh gimman mygeayrt gobbraghey son y nyn gadley, agh cha ren peiagh erbee shegin prinsabyllyn baghtal ve oc. Va’n Cornagh Paul Hodge loayrt mychione y scansh jeh lettyraght. Cha nel eshyn ayns coardailys roosyn ta gra nagh The Parish dooar Cornish baase. T’eh credjal dy row ee marroo as dy vel ee goll er aavioghey nish. Haink cragh er y Chom kyndagh rish Walk yn Aachummey-credjue. Sy cheyoo eash jeig, va’n Lioar-phadjer Vaarlagh currit da ny Comee er egin. Dirree ad magh as ayns I have been intending to write something 1549 va’n jeihoo ayrn jeh pobble y Chom about this unique event, in general tenns, for marrooit. Va’n Baarle currit stiagh ayns some time. I have been stimulated by the kialteenyn y Chom, ny kianglaghyn eddyr publication, recently, of a book giving the y Chom as e co-heer, y Vritaan, v ’ad history of it, with a comprehensive account giarrit, as va Colleish Glasney currit mow of the event from 1852 and statistics from the (she sy cholleish shen hie ny Cloieyn Mirril time of its revival to the present day. Now I Comagh er screeu). Coardail rish Paul can do it in greater detail. Hodge, va’n sharmane s’jerree ayns The notion that it was possible must have Cornish er ny phreacheil ayns 1670, y had a long history. In a book published in the Comagh s’jerree nagh row Baarle echey, late 19th cenUiry, there is a short legendary hooar eh baase ayns 1676, y screeuyn tale about Alswith the Swift in the time of the persoonagh s’jerree ayns Cornish, v ’eh Viking period on the Island, who attempted scmit ayns 1776, as hooar ny loayrtee to visit each of the parish churches in one Front cover showing Stanley Cleator dooghyssagh s’jerree baase mysh 1800. day. He failed, but that, basically, is the winning the revived event in 1960. challenge as it now exists. On an 85 mile Va’n aavioghey currit fo raad ayns 1904 route, the participant must visit 17 churches ec Henry Jenner, y fer ren creearey jeh within 24 hours. Even on the flat this would walkers on and set up tables with food and Gaelg loayrit ayns 1874. Eisht, chroo be daunting, but the Island is hilly, to say the drinks for those with no organised support. Robert Morton Nance Cornish Unnaneyssit least and that adds a further dimension. Even the supporters in cars find it taxing: My lesh aght-screeuee jeianagh as haink yn At first, it was individual people who made wife and I have sometimes acted in support aavioghey dy ve ny smoo niartal. Ta Paul the attempt. However, in 1913, “The Parish of our daughter and her husband, and it is Hodge credjal dy vod y Chomish goll er Walking Match” took place. Twelve entrants surprisingly hard to keep up with their needs. aavioghey dy kiart liorish daanyn, started and three of them completed the task The race for ladies, juniors and veterans skeealyn, thieyn-cloie, kiaulleeaght as in less than 24 hours. It was not until 1960 stops at Peel, a distance of 32.5 miles. To be filmyn. Loayr eh ram mychione fir- that the Parish Walk was revived on a formal in contention for winning at that distance, screeuee as possanyn-kiaullee. As yeeagh basis in its present form. With only one two one must complete it, up hill and down dale, eh sambil jeh filmyn Cornish da year break, it has taken place each year since. in something like six hours. The full course chaghteryn. Ta ny Comee er yannoo dy To start with, it would be attempted by fewer (85 miles) has to be completed in 24 hours mie mirrilagh as ad jannoo filmyn sy than 100 entrants. Today, the brave and anybody with no chance of completing is chengey oc hene - t’ad cur nearey er ny participants number more than 1500 and the taken off by marshals. To win, one has to be Manninee. She Fanch An Hennaf hug y numbers continue to grow each year: A truly looking at a time of 17 hours or less. Some of the women continue after Peel. Just to be a loayrtys ass lieh yn Vritaan. T’eh ny national event. finisher is enough of an achievement and ellyneyr graafagh as studio echey ayns The actual number of people involved must some entrants have finished more than a Locronan. Yeeagh eh posteyryn va jeant be a lot larger. The really serious contenders dozen times with no object in mind of echey hene da ny chaghteryn, posteyryn as have mobile supporters supplying drinks and winning. Britaanish orroo. Smooinaght va ry snacks for those whilst still on the move. However, many people on the route cheer the The fastest time so far was by Derek gheddyn ayns gagh nane jeh ny shey Harrison at 15h 20m 51s, in 1979. The first loayrtyssyn: shegin da’n ellyn ve mie winner in 1960 was a postman, Stanley erbaghtal as shegin jee ve yn chied red - Cleator, with a time of 19h 50m 30s. He was cha nhegin da’n ellyn ve ny red taghyrtagh wearing everyday clothes and shoes, as all ta ny s’inshley na’n chengey. did in those days. His round as a postman was 16 miles daily, so he was well prepared compared with others. Indeed, postmen S um m ary generally have been prominent amongst the Delegates at the recent Celtic Congress winners. That said, this event is supported by at Oban listened to lectures from the six a broad spectrum of the population and is Celtic countries on language revival closely followed by many who have never through the arts - singing, music, theatre, competed. literature and the visual arts. A common The book is: “A Walk Through Time” by theme was that the art has to be very good Dermot O’Toole, printed by Männin Media indeed and not just some incidental thing Group Ltd., Media House, Cronkboume, involved with language revival. One Douglas, Isle of Man, IM4 4SB, Price speaker emphasised the risk to threatened £19.99. It is a stunning piece of research with languages and cultures from forms o f art many photographs. The Parish Walk takes imposed by globalisation - art as cultural place on the Saturday / Sunday nearest to the imperialism. summer solstice. Colin Jerry Brian Stowell The modem pack, two miles from the start. long dispute, drawn up agreement, so how has Manx Government looks for the Isle of Man been so badly abused? Quite simply, because it has allowed itself to be. Full Control over fishing rights Unless the government in the Isle of Man asserts our rights, and lodges them with the The Isle If Man’s Department of Agriculture, "regional” authorities are necessary (Scotland, UN, the UK will ride rough-shod over our Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF) Is currently con­ Wales, England and Northern Ireland). rights for its own benefit. The UK has already sulting on taking full control over fishing The UK has shown Its hand early on this been found guilty of breaking EEC / EU law rights out to a 12 nautical mile limit. matter and Is pushing for a transferable after unilaterally redefining its fishing limits Currently, the Island is allowed by the UK to licence system so that UK fishing operations in 1987. Even now, despite the facts, DAFF is legislate and enforce fishing laws up to a can acquire and retain fishing rights to the talking in terms of "how should we manage a ludicrous three nautical mile limit. detriment of the Manx Industry. 12 NM limit?" rather than, "We want our Although DAFF has long expressed a desire The Isle of Man Is not part of the UK or the rights under international law: Control to the to acquire greater control, the UK has abused EU. The EU's Common Fisheries Policy has median line." its constitutional position to prosecute Its taken full advantage of the United Nations Mec Vannin, the Manx Nationalist Party has own traditionally aggressive fishing policy by Convention on the Taw of the Sea (UNCFOS) always advocated median line territorial operating a sanction upon the region from 3 to establish a 200 NM fishing limit. Russia has waters (since a 200 NM limit would go beyond nautical miles to 12 nautical miles from the had a unilaterally decalared 200 NM limit the median line) and will be making that view Island's coastline. This limit, itself, was estab­ made in the 1990s internationally recognised. clear in its submission. This should not simply lished by the UK "over the heads” of the Manx Iceland's own unilaterally declared 200 NM be to allow its exploitation, but to manage in a i 964 agreement with several western and limit has been recognised (even, eventually, by them and mainatin them in line with the north-western European states. The only rea­ the UK) since 1973. The UK has extended its Kyoto Agreement If the Island's fisheries son that the UK is now willing to revisit the fishing rights, in certain instances, to 200 NM department does not take this opportunity to Issue Is because it is withdrawing from the around the the Falkland / Malvinas islands. assert our rights, the only national interest it EU's Common Fisheries Policy. When this Is These are ju st a few examples of how the will be serving is England's. enacted (scheduled for January 2006) the world's oceans are getting carved up. Mark Kermode existing UK legislation over Manx waters will Ont top of European agreement, the UK, be obsolete and renegotiations with new Denmark and the Faeroe Islands have, after

from a person describing themselves as a Manufacturing Consultant from Port St. Rebranding Mannin Mary: “I do not see anything which singles out the IOM from elsewhere - no image!” I think that the writer has revealed Two years ago, some unidentified person easy to sell to the government. The populace themselves in that line, since it is implicit or persons working for the only newspaper is proving a harder task, however, and in an that they mean “elsewhere in England”. in the Isle of Man started pushing something attempt to get support, a fully equipped and At the end of the day, an image forms itself called re-branding. Very quickly, the funded mobile display and staff team have and disproportionate efforts to shake off a been going around the various summer fairs government had been sucked into this and particular image can quickly become the off-island consultants had their wages for and shows that occur around the Island. This damaging, stereotypical distortions in has included a questionnaire entitled, “Why the next few years guaranteed. themselves. The Island has earned its TT do you think the Isle of Man needs motorcycle image. It has earned its tax-haven The very term, “re-branding” rankles with branding/promoting?” many Manx people as it smacks of the same image. It has earned its shoddy, seen better “new-speak” mentality as another buzz- The result has just been published times, Victorian sea-side resort image. (September 2005) and a brief breakdown phrase, “IoM pic”, a far-right vision of an None of this matters to those behind the re­ follows: island as a simple economic entity where branding project, of course: The longer economic under-performers are weeded out There was total of 43 responses. people run around and subscribe to this and expelled, where “good for business is 10 of these were from visitors. nonsense is the longer they can sit back and good for the Isle of Man,” where justice and let the money roll in to their own accounts. law is made and dispensed with economic Most of the comments followed the line of expediency as the primary consideration and “We need more advertising / public image” Mark Kermode the term “Manx” has negative connotations. or, “too much emphasis on TT / car rally / finance (delete as appropriate). The I know some people have advocated government in the Isle of Man has been “climbing on-board” to get some recognition paying long thousands of pounds to English Sign the Petition for the rapidly dwindling Manx people and PR and marketing firms over the past two Manx elements within the Island. Such decades to address the very concerns of most participation can only serve to implicitly 6 Moore Street, Dublin, was the final of the respondents. The question, therefore, endorse the project and will quickly be used HQ of the Army of the Irish Republic is not what to do but to identify who has been to undermine the position of those of us who in 1916. Plans are afoot to convert it taking a lot of money to do nothing. want it exposed for what it is: A private into a supermarket. enterprise project launched with the sole Of course, if all the comments are There is an online petition at: intention of making a certain group of people followed, it means that we increase our richer at the expense of Manx people. advertising of our total nothingness. http://www.PetitionOnline.com/19161o z/petition.html The movers behind the project found it The most telling single comment came ■ Allow tvbreizh to be on the TNT (Télé Numérique Terrestre) in BZH5 (4 million subscribers).

C e ltic a Background TV Breizh is a private TV, like Sky News or ITV. It has the will to develop news and films in Breton as much as they can financially It is possible to look at it on Canalsat or TPS; Celtic League AGM 2005 as well as on the net. Unfortunately, Breton people behaved like French people and This year’s AGM, hosted by the Alba considered that TV is for "FREE". Branch, was held in the Gaelic College, Therefore, the Breton people did not buy the right to watch TV Breizh and the audience Sabhal Mor Ostaig, on the Isle of Skye. went down for the Breton programmes... Before being ‘Beljinised’ Rozenn Milin, the former manager, worked hard to promote The following Resolutions were adopted. consolidated into law and protected from those Breton programmes. discrimination and neglect. In 2005, there are less and less ALBA programmes in Breton. In 2004, TV Breizh 4. This AGM: worked hard to gain the right to be chosen by the TV Broadcasting state body (C.S.A.), in 1. This AGM: ■ Demands that Berwick upon Tweed be reintegrated into Scotland. order to be on the TNT (TV Numerique ■ Proposes that the Celtic League generally Terrestre). That is to say a high quality supports the aims and objectives of ■ Notes that Britain itself recognised the system using masts, on the land, all over the Independence First, the Scottish town’s unique position up until 1885 French state. At the end o f the day the Breton campaign for a referendum on national when it was illegally incorporated into people must buy a satellite dish to get TV independence, and notes that the Northumberland, that Berwickshire is Breizh as well as one hundred channels organisation is both non-party and trans­ considered part of Scotland, the football instead o f 24 on TNT. Today most of the party. team plays in the Scottish league and that Breton people think that TV Breizh should be the River Tweed falls under Scottish law on TNT, in their minds TNT means ‘for free ”. ■ Recognises that the UK has never given from end to end. the people of Alba or Cymru the That’s wrong. I t’s the advertisements who pay the programmes on TF1 and on the other opportunity to vote in such referenda, ■ Considers Berwick upon Tweed to he private channels, on TNT. In fact, it does not contrary to UN self-determination entirely to the north of the Tweed and not make much difference... you have to buy a guidelines. to incorporate the neighbouring towns to dish! the south such as Spittal. ■ Reaffirms its support for Scottish independence and opposes British moves EIRE to hinder its coming about. BREIZH 1. This AGM congratulates Stadas and the 2. This AGM: Irish Government on their successful 1. This AGM calls on the French government campaign in achieving full EU working ■ Condemns the Scottish Football to: language status for Irish. Association for refusing to put the old name of the country, “Alba” on the ■ Sign the Charter for Lesser used 2. This AGM calls on the British national strip. Languages (Karta Europa) and recognise Government to grant political status the Breton language as a working immediately to the republican prisoners ■ Recognises that David Taylor, chief language in the EU, like Basque, Catalan being held in prisons in the North of executive of the SFA, has publicly voiced etc. Ireland. his opposition, but that his attitudes are symptomatic of more widespread, deep- set prejudices against the language. ■ Calls on politicians to intervene in this situation, and encourages all sympathetic parties, wherever they may be, to lobby the SFA on this matter. ■ Recognises that placing “Alba” on the shirt is a very minor change, with no great financial cost, but also a massive gesture from a bastion of popular Scottish culture.

3. This AGM: ■ Congratulates the Scottish parliament on Rob Gibson, SNP passing the first Scottish Gaelic Act. MSP, who gave the introductory speech ■ Expresses regret at past inaction by at the AGM.. Westminster and Holyrood, hut also hopes that the language he further KERNOW 3. This AGM calls on the UK government to force the BBC to implement its 1. This AGM of the Celtic League supports obligations under the European Language Celtic A rt the current campaign for Cornish and Charter and broadcast in the native English signs to be used throughout languages of all the countries it takes fees C h ristm as Kemow and for Breton road signs to he from. used throughout Breizli. Cards 2. This AGM of the Celtic League supports 4. This AGM believes that the acceptance of the aim of establishing a Celtic British Imperial Titles is, by definition, Environment Council that aims to incompatible with the notion of furthering campaign, on behalf and in association the culture, history, independence and with the Celtic League, in matters that government within the Celtic countries affect the environment in and around all the Celtic countries. ENGLAND Background Governments throughout the Celtic countries The sudden death o f forty-four year old Paul have a duty to provide cheap rented social Smales in 1990 meant that the recently accommodation to local people in their formed Celtic Environment Council (CEC) locality. that Smales was instrumental in forming went into haemorrhage and quickly died. The CEC was established to consolidate the League’s long term ecological involvement GENERAL SECRETARY in the environmental well being of the Celtic countries. 1. This AGM It is the opinion of An Scoren Kernewek that Celtic Art Christmas cards are now a regeneration o f the Celtic Environment ready. All designs are individually Council takes place and that it works closely ■ expresses its concern at the imprisonment designed in the Celtic Art style, full in association with the Celtic League in of five landowners from County Mayo colour and totally unique. All greeting are forwarding its specific environmental aims because of their opposition on in Irish and English. This community arts and concerns. environmental and safety grounds to the project, specialising in Celtic art and For organisational purposes, research into construction of a gas pipeline across their design, has been publishing for over 25 the how the CRE will now develop will take land. y e a rs . place over the coming months. All those members and readers who are interested in ■ pledges support to the community of North Mayo to ensure that any 10 for £7.00 post free uk„ from getting involved and carrying the development associated with off-shore development forward, in these crucial first gas deposits is safely exploited and is of Northampton Connolly Association steps are asked to contact the Cornish benefit to the local economy. 5 W oodland Avenue Branch on Abington celticleaeuekernowbranch(a\hotmail.com Northampton NN3 2BY 2. This AGM expresses concern at the failure of the Manx Government to Tel:01604-715793; MANNIN provide detention facilities at police E-m ail, [email protected] stations and prisons that comply with 1. This AGM international standards. As this Is a non profit maklg venture we have limited publicity resources. Mindful of the more open attitudes to the 3. This AGM support calls from political Please feel free to insert this ad in your release of official information by the web, newsletter or magazine introduction of a freedom of information Act leaders and community groups to extend in the United Kingdom, urges the Manx all Irish TV broadcasting to the government to seize the opportunity that this substantial Irish expatriate community in presents to obtain greater information about Britain. Interested in Gaelic? incidents / events that have occurred at Make it part of your British nuclear installations around the Irish 4. This AGM Sea in the past five decades. future too... ■ calls upon the British Government (NIO 2. This AGM calls upon the public and MoD) to publish the results of any authorities in all the Celtic countries to: land quality assessments undertaken at Cli Gàidhlig ■ recognise their duty to protect and military facilities (both operational and promote their national languages through disused) in the north of Ireland. Quote this publication f the use of them in signage ■ luges the British Government to carry out free info pack from: ■ reject the reactionary and discredited full environmental assessments and Cli Gàidhlig argument that signage is in any way remedial work at sites which it is 3 Union Street, Inverness confusing decommissioning to restore them to their IVI 1PP Scotland former condition. ■ resist the insidious translation and + 44( 0)1463 226710 renaming into English and French of wwwxli.org.uk Email: [email protected] place names r THE CELTIC CALENDAR LOOKS BACK Membership and celxic cALeNÒÀR 2006 Subscriptions j All those who agree with the constitution j and aims of the Celtic League are eligible | for membership. The membership/ subscription rates (including Cam) are: €23.00, Sterling £13.50, Europe (airmail) | £17.00, Outside Europe £20.00. US$30.00 j (US funds, cheques drawn on a US bank). |

For information about the Celtic League i contact secretaries: ALBA. Iain Ramsay, 22 Denholme Gardens, Greenock, PA16 6RF, Scotland' BREIZH Jakez Derouet, 10 Verouri- Nevez, 29700 Ploveilh (Plomelin), HranaJanto(l987) Breizh/Brittany. ''■-N blGCOrUCAl, (VNÒ aAGholpcpCAl. C.aU'NÒAP pfcpPKSeKClh'C, 'c( CYMRU Robat ap Tomos, 11 Eteol celcic Y€<\r+ Novtxrmcp. i , 2005 t o occoBep. 31, 2006 Gordon, Y Rhath, Caerdydd, CF2 3AL ÉIRE Pàdraigin Mylevreeshey 33 Céide j Marking over 25 years of publication, the 2006 Celtic Calendar is a special na Grianóige, Rath Cuil, Co. Atha retrospective edition, featuring thirteen favourite and classic illustrations by eleven Cliath. Tel- Éire +353 1 4589795 contemporary Celtic artists, reaching back through the entire history of the KERNOW Sue Bowen, Venten Lynnow, | Calendar. Depicting themes from Celtic mythology, each illustration comes with an Trevalgar, Bos Castle, PL35 ORG. explanatory caption. MANNIN Cristi Jerry, 6 Glenfaba Road. | Keeping with its traditional format, the Celtic Calendar follows the course of the Peel. Tel: UK (0) 1624 843869. Celtic year, beginning with the feast of Samhain on November 1st, and continuing ENGLAND BRANCH Florence Kenna, | on to the old Celtic New Year’s Eve on October 31st. The names of the months and 72 Compton Street, London, EC IV 0BN.| the days of the week are each rendered in one of the six Celtic languages, along with USA Margaret Sexton, c/o P.O. Box an authentic Celtic proverb. In addition the Calendar commemorates over 1000 20153, Dag Elammarshjold Postal anniversaries of people and events from the histories of Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Centre, New York, NY 10017. Brittany, Cornwall and the Isle of Man. Bonus pages include information about the INTERNATIONAL BRANCH Mark Celtic feast days and other information, making the Calendar a virtual almanac of Lockerby, 12 Magherdoimag, Pony Celtic history and culture. Fields, Port Erin, IM9 6BY, Isle of Man. ! The Celtic Calendar may be found in gift shops and bookstores or directly from the GENERAL SECRETARY & P RO. Celtic League for $10 postpaid per copy: Celtic League Calendar, c/o Tom Cullinan, Bernard Moffatt, 11 Cleiy Rhennee, 14 Whistler Road, Scarsdale, NY 10583. Additional information about the Celtic Kirk Michael, Marmili. League and the Celtic Calendar may be found by logging on to Tel-UK (0) 1624 877918 www.celticleague.org.

EDITOR Ms P. Bridson, 33 Céide na i------1 Grianóige, Ràth Cùil, Co. Àtha Cliath, Celtic league American “Branch j Eire. interznet site j E-mail: [email protected] I http://www.manxman.co.im/cleague/ | Internet Site j Articles for C arn should be e-mailed to E-mail General Secretary: www.celticleague.org the Editor. Appropriate photographs [email protected] should be sent with them. E-mail Assistant G.S. ------, Material for the next issue of C a m should | [email protected] reach the Editor no later than 1 st Celtic league November 2005. Articles sent for pR.6 ss xzeleases ; publication in C arn must relate to our International Branch aims. All materials copyright © C arn Those who would like Celtic League press unless otherwise stated. The views Internet Site releases via Electronic Mail can subscribe expressed in C arn are not necessarily http ¡//homepages,enterprise.net/mlockerby (free of charge) to the mailing list at: those of the editor or of the Celtic League. ! Email: International Branch Secretary ISSN 0257-7860 [email protected] http://groups.yahoo.com/group/celtic_league j ------J No. 132 Winter 2005 € 4 .0 0 S tg £ 3 .0 0

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ALBA: AN COMANN CEILTEACH BREIZH: AR KEVRE KELTIEK CYMRU: YR UNDEB CELTAIDD ÉIRE: AN CONRADH CEILTEACH KERNOW: AN KESUNYANS KELTEK MANNIN: YN COMMEEYS CELTIAGH g e o : l e a g u e ( m A d i tha obair mhór. mhór againn ri dhèanamh gusa bheil gach leanabh feadh Alba uile gu leir ag ionnsachadh a h-uile cuspad tre na Gàidhlig, a’ Chana in Alba Albannach, a’ chanain againn lliin.!

Summary The history o f the Scottish language over the last thousand years has been one largely o f COTHROM NA FEINNE suppression. But now there is some degree o f hope with a sympathetic Parliament, after 30V years. .4 Iso it has the pow er to implement Tha ar cánain Gàidlilg sa Gàidhlig. Gaelic h-Eaglais do Laidean an aite na Gàidhlig. our aim of having even- child and young sa Bhcurla Gaelic ach hu choir ! a bhi Cuideachd, thug Calum is Mairead a h-uile person taught through Scottish which was ‘Scottish’ mar a bha i. drcuchd do luchd na Beurla a bha na and is the proper name o f our language. The Mata, bha cànainean eile ann an Alba sna fogarraich on Ceannsaehadh Nornianach a Hungarian language is not called in English làithean a dh'aom, adì tha iad a-nisd cho rinn Uilleam Ccannsachaiche thairis air or French or German etc. “Magyar" In marbh ri sgadain ...a ir diochuinihe. Thàinig Sasunn sa bhliadhna 1066. or her tongues it is known as Hungarian! As ar cànain gu h-Alba corr is dhà mile gu leth Sa bhliadhna 1496 thàinig Achd an D r Sam uel Johnson put it ... "Schools Lire air ais. Tha feadhain ag ràdh gun d'thainig i Fhoghlaim a-mach. Bha an t-Achd sea ag erected in which English is taught ...There is a Firinn a-mhàin. Ach bha sgoitear. Jose, ann ràdh gum feumadh am mac a bu sine aig gach no tracing ancient nations but by language am Portugail ag innse dhuinn gun d'thainig i ceann-cinnidh aig aois ochd no no naoi gu and therefore I'm always sorry when a Portugai I! sgoil Ghallda far am hiodh teagasg tre na language is lost, because languages are the Bha Portugail pairt de Ghatlicia uair, a' Beurla. Bha leisgeul aig luchd na Beurla bum pedigree o f nations. ” ciallachadh, “T ir nan Gàidheal'“ ' air an taobh biodh na gillean inbheacli fada nas fhearr Gilleasbuig MacMhuirich no tuatli an iar na Spainne. Thàinig na Cciltich dcagh eheartas a tlioirt sna cuirtean-lagha Mac al phearsain ann. na Gáidheil agus na Breatannaich. DIT aca! Gilleasbuig Lachiainn Tlleasbuig Ihadaich na Breatannaich ar daoine thall Gus an d'thainig am hard Gallda. Gavin thairis. Tha làraichcan aca ri fhaicinn san Dubhghlas (1525) bha "Scots" no “ Scottish" taobh de Portugail gus_.an latha an diugh. ag ciallachadh “Gàidhlig" sa Bhcurla. Tha D ’am b'ainm ...Citània de Briteiros. fìos againn mar a bhrath Seunias V I Alba Theich uà Gaidheil sna bataichean aca antis nuair a fh'lliàs e Righ na Sasuinn. cuideachd, an l-sruth a tha a’ mith air fhad Phortugail sa bhliadhna 1603. Thug e Achd an Why support gus a tha iad a’ ruigsinn Eirin is Alba an lar. Fhoghluim 1616 a-mach, dhTheumadh (sa Bhcurla. Lusitanian passage no current) daoine a bha gu malli dheth, na paisden aca a Gaidhlig? "Mata." arsa sino, “ a-rcir Brosnachadh chur do sgoiltean far a bhiodh iad ag Obair-brotilaig 1320, thàinig situi as an ionnsachadh a h-uile cal tre na Beurla. Many Scots laugh at Gaidhlig, because o f Spainne agus tha na h-Eirinncach ag radh An deidli Bliadhna Thearlaicli ( 1745-6) centuries o f brainwashing and snobbery. One gun d'Thàinig na Milesians on Spainne gu h- tàuinig Achd on Parlamaid Westminster a- o f the best weapons in any imperialist's Eirinn! Cium eil fliios againn ach sa mach, a’ toil) am l'earan itile gu leir gus a' arsenal is mockery: as soon as the subject bhliadhna 843 A l) rinneadh Coinneach cheann-chintiidli. Gus a seo cha rubli aige feels inferior, and embarrassed about their MapAilpin na rigli thairis air na h- ach an tuathanacli no farm aige. own native culture, then he has won. Albannaich agus-mar sin steidhich e Bha cinn-cinndhean ann a bha santacli agus Ignorant o f our own history and literature, we rioghachd na h-Alba. chur iad am-meud mal nan cruilearai) cus no can’t really know what happened, except ‘il ud, li ud.” arsa José, an sgoilcar cadlion cliur iad a seilbli air sgatli nan from the conquerors’ point of view . Porlugalach, "rinn na Romanaich, Alba, caoraich. Leis a sin thàinig "Kuadach nan Strangely enough, folk don't feel so shy nuair a thog iad Balla Hadrian san taobh Gàidhea I ". Bha Diuc Cataibh as iniosa a-rcir about being anglicised, or Americanised. It’s taobh tuath de Shasuinn.” aithris. incredible that in the 20th e. Highland “ Co dhuibli no co diletti.” arsa sitine, "sa Ach cha do sguir na Fuadaehan sin. gus a' children were still being taught in a language bhliadhna 1018 blio’n a bha iad na Gaidheil, bhliadhna 1886. leis a' cliiad Aehd nan they didn’t know, and in one case in Lew is, a na h-Albannaich. buadhach aig Calli C rodear. human skull was hung around the neck o f Carham. ràinig iad na crioehan a tha cadar Ach annp a’ bhliadhna 1872 Achd an those who dared to use their native language. Alba is Sasunn gus an latha an diugh. Fhoghlaim air bhonn. Dh’fheuinadh a h-uile Many weren't even taught to read it I need Dime sin tha ionad d’ani b’ainm “Ord" san leanabh a dliol don sgoil. ach Ire Beurla a- not explain the Clearances, or C'ulloden. taobh deas Bearraig Tuath no Berwich-on- inliain cànain an thoglilaim. Cha rubli àitc no English was introduced by law, education Tweed agus “Ord" eile san taobh tuath de h- inbhe aig a’ Ghàidhlig...a li-uilc cail tre na and force, 'choice' came alter. Alba ann an Cataibh. Beurla. Bha sgoiltean Ghàidhlg ann ach leis Yet Gaidhlig and the Left haven't always Sa bhliadhna 1058 no rudeiginn mar sin. ap t-Achd so bha iad dùinte no bha gach fatai been best friends. Most fair people realise rinneadh Calum Ceann-mór, Ard-righi na h- ceadichte bha Beurla. Fhuair seanair au that the value o f something isn't its price lag. Alba agus bliadhnachachan an dcidli sin. sgiobhaiche slaiseadh leis a bheit. faisg air a Saving our language won’t stop poverty or phòs e Mairead a bha a-reir sinne “ Mairead h-uile latha a bha e aig an sgoil bhon a bha e homelessness etc, but it does create jobs, and nani Mallachd” ach a-reir luchd na Beurla. a bruidhinn na Gàidhlig! Mhair an t-Aelid it costs far less Ilian the monarchy or “ Saint" Mairead. 1872 fad corr is ceud bliadhna. Ach tha dropping bombs on Arabs! Which would you Cha do chord ar cànain ri Calum is Mairead dóelias ann a-nisd blion a tha Parlamaid have? It's an anchor in the storm of bland, . b’ fliearr lea luchd na Beurla agus sna h- againn a-risd an deidli tri ceud bliadhna. Chi corporate ‘ globalisin'. eaglaisen Ludain. Gus a sin san Eaglais an leuglindair ann an C A R N imi dheireadli Urdu more important? It is important, but Chcilteach againn bha a’ chànain againn. a’ (Ani Fogliar 2005) staid na Gàidhlig mi latha the dirty lie that Gaidhlig only belongs to Ghàidlilig. Uime sin. thug iad ùghdarras ha an il ¡ugh fad a nas Ihcàrr. whites, or worse still only white 11 ighlanders. is one o f the most racist out there. But or map from Scotland or Scots dictionary, all reminder o f our solidarity with our comrades consider that Chinese, Urdu and Hindi have are full of words & names from Gaidhlig, in Ireland, Wales etc. It's a very positive link the biggest film industries in the world, and and not all from the Highlands. We use with Ireland, beyond sectarian bigotry and at least lour state governments behind them. Gaidhlig words every day without realising religion. A Gaidhlig speaker can read Irish Gaidhlig has none of this. Not all supporters it. like trousers, bog. shipper, grotty, slogan and Manx with only a little difficulty, and speakers are./have been white or Scottish & braw to lain, Alistair & Donald from although talking is another matter. Some born. In the last feu months alone, an anti- Banff, Kilmarnock & Dumfries. There’s even argue the three to be one language. It Gaidhlig letter was ripped to shreds by a Mr thousands of examples. Scots grammar is should be remembered too that the Ulster Wang in one o f the major papers, and the late influenced by it too, which makes it easier Protestants have a Gaidhlig background, and Karachi born radio presenter A li Abassi was for us to learn. Everywhere south of the that most native speakers have Protestant an enthusiastic supporter of the language. Orkneys has spoken some Gaidhlig, and backgrounds. It is a potential bridge between I've met Polish, German. Russian and Greek many urban Scots come from Highland & the communities, and lets us see them learners amongst others. In Lewis there has Irish origins. It even seems to have got south beyond a Bril mindset. been a family of Asian speakers for decades. o f the border. A Northumbrian king was a Two centuries ago there were nine Whoever sees it as chauvinist, wants it to be noted Gaidhlig poet, and Lindisfamc was a languages in these islands. Now there arejust chauvinist! Many immigrants to Scotland mere offshoot of Iona. Gcordic has Gaidhlig five, and four are in danger. How can we also come from countries exploited by words in it! Even up 'til after the Union, the preach multiculturalism and then allow England, as we are, and some have had their majority o f Scots could speak it, including in cultural genocide right here? It's languages destroyed in the same way. the Southwest and even Fife Stirlingshire. hypocrisy... Hundreds o f languages were A Mafia? This is a general problem. We have eyewitness accounts to back this up. sent to the brink In North America and Scotland is full of Mafias, look around. Most Robert Louis Stevenson, a West Lothian Australia by British imperialists. That any of them use English, but is anyone native includes a Fife Gaidhlig speaker in survive at all is anti-colonial defiance. Every complaining about that? It's just one more Catriona ('Tam Anster" Ch. X V I). It is still new speaker of Gaidhlig is a smack in the gravy train, and the Establishment isn't that spoken in parts of Perthshire, and survived in Unionist pus and the aristocracy that's tried pro-Gaidhlig. The former head of Highland Arran. Aberdeenshire & Angus until the late Lo wipe it out for centuries. That’s why our Enterprise said it should ‘die hy the fireside'. 20th c. The earliest known book in it comes children who have to know it... ‘Young The Western Isles council had a policy of from Deer in Buchan, and is kept in a learning is beautiful learning' according to a 'benevolent neutrality’. Benevolent Cambridge library's vaults. It is the link proverb in the language. When they know it neutrality never did anything anywhere! The between Highlands and Lowlands. But when better than we ever w ill, and pass it on, we only reason Thatcher did anything is because people pronounce Leuchars as “ look ass" and have won. she feared a repeat of Welsh incidents. (See Nessie lives in a ‘ lock’ (in the canal?), tilings Tir gun teanga, tir gun anam. we can help each other!). We must deal with are far gone. Ray Kell all nepotism! Lanarkshire Mafia and a ll... Is it really insular? As a modern European Not relevant? I lave a look at a phone book language no. As a C'ellie language, it's a

Uilleam MacCaluim / Bill McCallum 1947-2005

Celtic League member Bill McCallum passed related issues and said that the happiest day away on 2 September 2005, Bill was of his life was 11 September 1997 when Interested in home rule for Scotland and for Scotland voted decisively for Home Rule. He all other fourth world nations from a very also believed firmly in the rights of all young age. He traced much of his interest to stateless nations worldwide and supported an article which appeared in the Daily Express the autonomy movements and language in the 1950s about a fluent Cornish speaking movements for all small and endangered couple who married through the medium of languages for all small and endangered the language. nations worldwide whether close to home Bill studied law at Glasgow University and such as Wales, Cornwall or the Isle of Man or worked at Glasgow Corporation (and later further afield such as the Baltic States and Glasgow District Council) in the Town Clerk's Kosova. Bill was also committed to a range of Conveyenclng Department and later Glasgow other progressive causes related to the District Council from 1967 until taking early environment and social justice. retirement in 1996. Bill suffered from a neurological condition Bill had many different interests. He was which affected his mobility from the late interested in history, politics and world 1980s onwards and for which he had major affairs. He loved books and had an extensive surgery in 1988. This meant that his daily library. He was passionately interested in activities were restricted and that he was languages and particularly in minority unable to undertake all the things he would languages. He especially loved Esperanto have liked. However, he contented himself at which he spoke fluently and Gaelic which he home with his books and his computers. learned to read and write fluently. He was extensive Gaelic dictionary which his son Unfortunately, over the last year, his general interested in all the Celtic languages and had Alasdair is going to complete. Just before his health deteriorated, culminating in his a particular soft spot for Cornish. He was death, he had been learning Chinese, Latin admission to the Royal Infirmary at the end of strongly opposed to linguistic imperialism and and Ancient Greek. August. He is survived by his wife Maureen to the worldwide spread of the English Bill was a member of the SIMP and of the and children Alasdair and Mairead. language. Celtic League since he was a boy. He Since he retired he had been working on an frequently wrote articles for Cam on Gaelic Alasdair MacCaluim

C um ? New Gaelic Orthographic Conventions Launched GAELIC NEWS An updated set o f Gaelic Orthographic Conventions were launched by the Scottish Scottish Executive takes action Western Isles Pilots Opt-out Qualifications Authority (SQ A ) in December system for Gaelic education 2005. on Gaelic teacher supply While the spelling of Scottish Gaelic, unlike The Scottish Executive has accepted the Comhairle nan Eilean Siar. the local that of many other minority languages, has findings o f a report commissioned to address authority serving the Outer Hebrides, has historically been largely standardized, there the national shortage of Gaelic teachers. The agreed to pilot a new enrolment system for have been some uncertainties and areas of Gaelic Medium Teachers' Action Group Gaelic medium education (G M li) in five variation. The first set of Gaelic recommends the appointment o f a Gaelic areas in the Western Isles. A ll children hi Orthographic Conventions were launched in teacher recruitment officer, the expansion of these areas will be automatically enrolled in 1981 and have been almost universally part time and distance learning options for G M E and parents will have to opt out should adopted for Gaelic writing and publishing. teacher training, the abolition of course fees they wish their children to he educated With the increasing use of Gaelic for official for part-time Gaelic teacher training students through English. In these areas G M E will be documents, however, it became clear that and the provision of support to enable Gaelic available in all local schools whereas there were many gaps in the conventions speaking teachers to transfer to Gaelic English medium education w ill only be where clarification was necessary. The new medium education. available in one school in each locality. document seeks to clarify grey areas and to One method of increasing the number of The schools included in the pilot are fill gaps not identified in the original Gaelic medium teachers is notable for its Staoinibrig in South Uist. Breascleii on the document. absence from the report, however. This is the west side of Lewis and Paibeil. Loch nam While GO C 2005 has been widely welcomed option of using immersion courses to enable Madadh and Cairinis in North Uist. for its contribution to Gaelic spelling, it does existing teachers to learn Gaelic. Activists At present G M E is only available in some not consider issues of grammar. Increasing have criticised this decision and argue that schools in the Western Isles and parents use of high register Gaelic in official no large scale expansion in Gaelic medium must choose to specifically opt in if they documents has led to growing calls for a education will be possible unless this wish their children to he educated through standard official Gaelic grammar similar to measure is adopted. the language. The result of this system is that the Irish Çaîghdeàn Oifïgùil (official less than 1/3 o f children in the Western Isles standard) in order to tackle grammatical grey are currently educated through the medium areas at a high level. Gaelic Television Channel of Gaelic. Màrtainn JVIacLeùid This pilot has been introduced as part o f the by 20©7? council’s Gaelic policy which states that it The Scottish Executive has agreed to raise its w ill aspire to provide G M E as the principal contribution to Gaelic broadcasting from means of tuition in the first two years of E8.5M to I 1,5M per annum in order to break primary school. If the pilot is successful then IT’S TIME FOR the deadlock over a Gaelic television it is anticipated that it will be extended to channel. cover the remainder of the Western Isles and SCOTLAND TO Moves towards a Gaelic channel have been to continue all the way to primary seven. difficult and protracted due to a longstanding LEAVE THIS funding dispute between the UK Dedicated Gaelic School for Government and the Scottish Executive as to POTENTIAL UK who should foot the bill. While broadcasting Skye? is the responsibility of the UK Parliament, Highland council is currently holding a the funding of Gaelic broadcasting is consultation on the proposal that Sleat POLICE STATE devolved to the Scottish Parliament. primary school in the south of the Isle of In April the U K Government’s Department Skye should become a Gaelic only school. In The British State is a threat to the liberties of Culture. Media and Sport announced a recent years the number of pupils in the of ordinary Scots. The U K and US have both one-off payment of £250.000 as their Gaelic medium stream in the school have shown contempt for international law by contribution to the establishment of a outnumbered those in the English stream. pursuing an illegal war in Iraq and thereby channel. This was followed by an Sleat is a particularly important area for stirring up huge resentment in the Arab announcement from the U K broadcasting Gaelic as it is home to Gaelic college Sabhal W orld. regulator Ofcom that the commercial Mor Ostaig and has experienced a local Scottish soldiers are dying as part of a broadcasters Scottish and Grampian renaissance of the language with many British force in Iraq to prop up the US’s Television were to be freed from most of Gaelic speakers and learners from other parts access to middle eastern oil supplies. Yet their obligations to show Gaelic o f Scotland moving to the area. Activists see Scotland is awash with oil (though the profits programming in peak time in return for a Gaelic only school as an essential step to from it have been stolen by the UK making a contribution of E1.2M to the develop the language locally. This move has Government) and we have no Interest in proposed channel over 3 years. not won universal approval however, and invading other countries. The small amounts contributed by the UK some local parents have formed a group to All these actions are supposedly about Government and the commercial oppose the designation of Sleat Primary as a defeating terrorism. In fact by ignoring inter­ broadcasters have been widely criticised by Gaelic school. national law the UK and US are making inter­ the Gaelic community and meant that Although there are many Gaelic medium national terrorism much more likely and at available funding was insufficient to units within English medium schools in the same time they are using the threat of establish even a basic service. The Scottish Scotland, there is at present only one Gaelic terrorism as an excuse to undermine our Executive’s announcement that it is to fill school. Glasgow Gaelic School. This is basic rights. the funding gap should now enable the shortly to he joined by another school in When the House of Lords declared that creation of a Gaelic channel broadcasting Inverness and, as indicated above, by several detaining foreign suspects without trial was around 90 minutes per day by 2007. schools in the Western Isles. illegal the British Government decided there MIS have long considered trade unionists to result. Just two of those have been convict­ was a simple solution and they have now be a legitimate target because they perceive ed. Both were for possession of a small successfully removed the right to trial for all unions to be an economic threat to the UK. amount of cannabis, which hardly amounts terrorist suspects whether they are British In reality they may be a threat to employers to a "terrorist threat'." (4) citizens or not. but they are an enormous benefit to ordi­ Anti Terrorist experts doubt that the Moves to remove basic rights from terror­ nary workers! newest bill will even make any improvement ist suspects are not new though the latest The Scottish Parliament has rejected ID in the Government's ability to fight terror­ proposals are the most extreme. Since I 974 cards outright and its democratic decision ism. Professor Paul Wilkinson, chairman of ever more draconian “anti-terror” legisla­ should be respected. Unfortunately, the the Advisory Board of the Centre for the tion has been passed, and with every Government is prepared to tell fairly obvious Study of Terrorism and Political Violence at amendment more 'special powers' are lies over their proposals. In a letter to myself St Andrews University, strongly attacked the handed to the Government with progres­ dated 12/08/2003, Beverley Hughes, the for­ proposals recently in an article entitled sively less regard for the rule of the law. mer Home Office Minister said: “The "Wrong weapon in the battle against terror­ Over 97 per cent of those (mostly Irish) Government has made clear that it does not ists”. people arrested under the original consider that an entitlement card scheme He said the proposals were being “rushed Prevention of Terrorism Act, were never would have a significant effect in combating through with inadequate time for proper charged. The Guildford Four and terrorism in the United Kingdom." consideration of their implications for civil Birmingham Six are the most obvious exam­ In the same letter she also said that the liberties and their potential efficacy in pre­ ples of miscarriages of justice for innocent Government would not be consulting on a venting terrorism.” people who happen to be in the wrong place compulsory scheme. In fact the He added “not only [would the proposals] at the wrong time. Governments proposed ID card scheme once again involve the UK in derogating from This latest bill will allow Terrorist suspects would have been compulsory by 2013! Article 5 of the European Convention on to be detained indefinitely without trial and Tony Blair, Charles Clarke and David Human Rights and would hence be ruled without any evidence produced in justifica­ Blunkett have all subsequently made an unlawful by the judges, it would also be dan­ tion. The basic principle of 'innocent until explicit link between ID Cards and gerously counterproductive." proven guilty' has been removed. Terrorism despite the home office's own He ends his article by writing “I do not Furthermore, a draconian system of effec­ official advice. believe we should be passing legislation tive house arrest can now be introduced on The Government has also deliberately which undermines a basic civil liberty and the orders of a Judge based on the suspi­ overestimated the amounts of terrorist sus­ which, in any event, is unlikely to make any cions of MI5. Let's not forget that this is the pects in an attempt to scare people into sup­ useful contribution to the prevention of ter­ paranoid and unaccountable secret organisa­ porting their plans. rorism.” (5) tion who has bugged numerous serving "There are several hundred in this country Labour have now been forced (through a Government ministers and who according who we believe are engaged in plotting or lack of parliamentary time available before to ex Spy Peter Wright "burgled their way trying to commit terrorist acts,” Mr Blair the election) to drop their proposals, how­ across London" on a daily basis. told Radio 4’s Woman's Hour. (2) A similar ever given that these plans have been raised, The most worrying fact however is that claim was made by the ex head of Scotland dropped and then resuscitated on a number these powers could potentially be used Yard to the 'News of The World’. of occasio ns it is a virtual certain ty that they against anyone who opposes the However a 'senior security source’ quoted will be brought back soon after the election. Government. Already the BNP and Animal in The London Times newspaper said that If the unlikely happened and the Rights Activists have been identified as pos­ these figures were based on numbers of Conservatives did get in then it is almost cer­ sible targets. people who travelled to training camps in tain that very similar proposals would be "Speaking after the Home Secretary Afghanistan and Pakistan, prior to introduced. The Tories originally considered Charles Clarke, announced new laws to September I I. the idea during the Thatcher Government control the movements of terrorist sus­ Of those only 25 or 30 who are known to but decided at the time that it would be too pects, Mr Clarke's adviser, Stephen be in Britain, with some of those in prison in expensive. Given his past actions as Home McCabe, told The Scotsman he saw this Belmarsh. The source said the Prime Secretary we cannot expect a Howard extending to other groups suspected of Minister's estimates of the scale of the ter­ Government to be any improvement in using violence to further their ends. The rorist threat was sloppy. “It Is irresponsible terms of civil liberties to the current Labour MP said: “We can envisage this and likely to scare people unnecessarily,” the Government. applying to animal rights extremists and the source said. (3) Detention without trial, house arrest and far-Right, for example." A further major problem of ID cards is that compulsory ID cards are not the actions of a "These people are locked up because we they are likely to increase the police harass­ democracy. There is only one sure way of believe they are a genuine danger based on ment already suffered by ethnic minorities. escaping from this potential UK police state what we think is pretty reliable evidence, Writing in the Scottish Left Review Aamer and that is by voting for Scottish indepen­ even if it cannot be divulged in a court of Annwar pointed out the full extent of the dence as soon as possible. law ." ( I) current discrimination against "Muslims and Sou rces: In truth, this could affect any political people of middle eastern appearance.” (1) 'BNP and animal rights activists face activist who the Government disagrees “Home Office figures revealed that stop house arrest' with. I can’t stand the BNP but they are a and searches of Asians under new anti-terror (The Scotsman 27th January 2005). registered political party. The Tories are laws soared 302 per cent in a year. The total actively playing the race card at the moment, number of stop and searches under counter­ (2) and (3) Times (London) - so really th ere is only a difference in degrees terrorist legislation more than doubled from 1st M arch 2005 between the right and far right of the politi­ 8,550 to 21,577. Anti-terror searches of cal spectrum. blacks rose 230 per cent, from 529 to 1,745, (4) A permanent state of terror? Who decides who is a threat and who isn't? and of whites 118 per cent, from 6,629 to by Aamer Anwar SLR Issue 23. Who watches the watchers? 14,429. The rules on 'national security' are pur­ Some 8,000 people have been stopped (5) Wrong weapon in the battle against posefully vague and cover anyone who is “a under the new anti-terrorism powers. Yet terrorists by Paul Wilkinson The threat to the economic interests of the U K”. only 170 people have been charged as a Scotsman I Oth March 2005 PAYS BIGOUDEN

An treuzhas e Bro-Gembre BRO VIGOUDENN E 1997. ur wech deut en-dro Stroll ad al war-dro ar barrcgezhiou n'int ket bet treu­ Labour e pentì ur gal loud e vez kinnigci gan- zlatel d'ar Vodadenn Vroadel. Renet e vez ar tañ e vele savét ur vodadenrt zilennet evil Vodadenn bag he gouarnamant gant ur |ftkez Derodet wins Bro-Skos ha Bro-Gembre. Gant ar Ministr Kentah (bet ar Sekretour Kentan a- tieiign C om petition Frankizourien-Demokrated e vez kinnigel raok ntiz Here 2000), e penn ur C'habincd a Celtic League Breizh Secretary, Jakez eizh ministr ( bet sekretourien). Rankout a ra treuzkas an holl galloiidoù d'an div vro. dre Derouet. won an award with his design in an « Honte Rule ». ivez Sekretourva Bro-Gembrc degas d'ar the Vro Vigoudenn competition tor a new D 'ar 24 a viz Gouere e vez kinniget an rak- Vodadenn geinbreal ar peadra ret. vote! e- logo lor the region. The logo, incorporating tresoù treuzkas evit an div vro. Mouzhiet e baizli boujedenu Biei/.h Veui. Degusel e oa an impression of dance, impressed the juty vez d'an 18 a viz Gwengolo gant ur goulertn d'ar Vodadenn ur voujedenn a 8 mi hard a who awarded Jakez the 1000 prize. He stat­ hepken e Bro-Gembre a-zivout krottiñ ur Lurioti e 1999. u 12 niiliard e 2005-2006 (= ed he was delighted to have won as his Vodadenn Vroadel Gcmbre. N'eus an hanter 16 miliard a Euroiou. da lavarout eo 24 grandfather came from the fishing port of Enez-Tudi and went to work in the fishing hepken eus an duel enskrivet a ya da votiñ. gweeh boujedenn Rannvro Vrcizli evit ur industry in Naoned and his mother worked hag en o z.ouez n'eus 50.3 9c hepken eus ar bobbins danihehvel hag un terouer in the canning industry. In the course of his volerien o votiñ evit ar « Ya ». D ’an 31 a vi/ bihanoc’h ): 13.5 niiliard a vo e 2007-2008. professional life as a graphic designer His Here 1998 e vezembannet al lezenn a-zivout Mont a ra war gresk boujedenn Bodadenn design incorporated the warm colours of the gouamaniani Bro-Gembre. Vroadel Geinbrc. e-giz nia ya war ledanaat region and the feature of a forward looking Ur Vodadenn Vroadel (ha n'eo ket ur he barregezhioii. Die-se e vez savet kudenn woman made a particular impact with the Pallamani) a vez save! e Bro-Gembre. astenn boll galloudou Bro-Gembre. E miz jury which was restricted to eminent people Dilennel eo evit pevar bloaz. 60 kannad en ni Gouere 2002 e oa bet savet gant from the cultural, economic and political fields across the region. It will be used by 75 (40 kannad dilennel cr 40 pastel!-votiñ a vez Gouarnamant ar Vodadenn ur bodad-labour firms, 26 clubs and a large number of cities dilennel enno kannaded Pallamani Breizh di/alc'h. kadoriet gant Lord Ivor Richard, bet in the Vro to promote a new image of their Veut, bag 20 kannad ail dilennel war listen- penn Kambr al Lorded, diwar-benii ar gal- region to their different partners, customers noù er 5 pastell-votiñ a vez dilennel enno loikloii ha reolennou ur mouezhiaii. gant ar and tourists. Congratulations to Jakez and kannaded Pallamani Europa). D'ar 6 a vi/ pal bezan astir e e'hell ober he seizh gwellan best wishes in his retirement for lots of fun Mae 1999 e vez da le'bel an dilennadeg gen­ evil interestoii pobl Vro-Gembre. Rente! en and painting! iali . gant 47 % eus an duel enskrivet a ya da dens e skrid-danevcll e miz Meurzli 2004. Gi Keltik votiñ : 28 sez a ya gant Strollad al Labour. 17 Aliet en deus lie dele ar Vodadenn ar gal loud gant ar B laid Cymru. 9 gant ar Virourien lia lezennih war tachennou a zo. ar re all o chotn 6 gant ar Frankizourien. gain ParlanuHil Westminster: aliet en deus N ’Iie deus Bodadenn Vroadel Geirtbre gal- ^ \ w A ivez e vefe chertehet ar mod mouezhiaii u- ■ v j n A n loudoît lez.ennel a renk kentañ ebet. N cc'hcll lienn dilenn hervez ar e'henletir. E-barzh al ket sevel lailhoii. na eheñcli ar mod sevel an levr gwenu. « Rett gwelloe h Bro-Gembre ». ¡A A W tailhoù. Gal loud lie deus koulskoudc c- emhannet d'ar 15 a viz Mezheven ireinenei. keñveral lezeniioù treuzlatel gant Pallamani cn deus gouarnamant Breizh Veur nac'hel e Breizh Veur. Ne e'Iiell hepken votili lezcn- vele chenehet ar mod mouezhiaii. Kinniget noù-seveniii (galloud lezennel a cil renk) hag en deus memestra tin bent hanterek etre stad Kainpagn skoazell Diwan einbann reolennoù war dachenn argalloudoù an Iraoti a-vreman hag ur Vodadenn Vroadel evit dazont ar skolioù mi rei esiti. Barregezhioù a oa bel trcuzkasct gant an boll galloudou Iczcimiii e-giz da Vro-Gembre war an diorren ckonomikcl. Parlanianl Bro-Skos. Appeal for the Breton language. al labour-douar, ar bevañs. ar peskerezh. ar Adal embann al Levr gwenu he deus ar All contributions welcome, c'hoadoù. ar gallandoli lec'hel. ar yec'hed Blaid Cymru, tu eneb er Vodadenn. rebarbet however little. hag ar selvijoù sokial. al lojamant. an emiro, krak-ha-krenn. D'an 2 a viz Eost o doa rene- ar steuñviñ. an dezougen hag an hcntoii. an rien Strollad Bro-Gembre. da vare an HEP BREZHONEG BREIZH EBET, arzoù. ar sevenadur hag ar yezli. ar glad, ar Eisteddfod vroadel. lanset ur c ’hampagn hag SANS LANGUE BRETONNE PAS sportoli hag an diduamant. Ne c heli kei ur skrid-goulenn evit ur gwir Parlamant. DE BRETAGNE komm l'ramm ar strollegezhioù lec'hel war he zeroiier ; n'he deus harregezh ebei war ar Summary THERE'S NO BRITTANY justis na war suremezh an dud. E karg emañ In the last issue. (Cam 131 pg.6) the writer WITHOUT BRETON eus ar selvijoù Ibran hag ar politikerezh a nave cm historical background Towards demie a-raok d'ar Sekreiourva-Stad karget devolved government for Wales. This article, Cheque to be sent to: eus uteri où Bro-Gembre ( Welsh Office). discusses progress after 1997 when devolved DIWAN BP 147 2941 I Délit eo ar Welsh Office da vezuñ ar Wales government became a reality. LANDERNE BRITTANY Offn e, reuet gant ur Sekretour-Stad. hag a ra Yves Jardin http://www.diwanbreizh.org/ At Vro Bagan... 40 til Anniversary!

The Ar Vro Bagan (A V B ) cultural centre is already well-known for its many theatre productions. It's their most important activity « e-Breiz.h ». However. A V B also promotes the Breton language in other ways. First of all it is involved in teaching theatre in the bilingual schools and secondly it presents a renowned play for theatre each year. Its third activity is the production of Breton texts which are included in the summer (outdoors) shows for tourists & people of the Vro Leon & Breizh. After more than thirty years of theatre A V B reached half a million spectators including many Breton speakers. This incredible feat was possible because Goulc'han Kervella. Manager o f the A V B . is very prolific and very well Goulc’han Kervella, leader of AVB, with the cast at the end of last summers show: organized with an enthusiastic team of 5 'Pécheurs de goémons... Gwerz ar Vezhinerien’ professionals, 33 Breton speakers and 100 comedians. In order to thank all of the people newspaper named: »an Avel » ... (the wind). bilingual or french classes. Despite A V B 's involved as well as the spectators A V B When the Breton paramilitary' (F L B ) blew up success as Breton theatre troupe it's still organized a programme ov er three weekends a french TV-pole in central Brittany, in 1984 difficult to for them to play on national in October 2005. They started with a walk a few leaders of A V B were arrested. Back french stages. That's to say in the large cities between Plouneour and Plougerne. on the home they met with strong opposition in of Brittany where the french Jacobin- 2nd October, on the 151'1 the activities their families and villages... A lot o f them left Republican (J.R .) lobbies are still in control centred on the history and political at that time. Fortunately a dozen of the o f the situation. They are still very opposed challenges of A V B and at the end of October Christian leaders stayed and were strong to any kind o f minority group within the a film showed most of the plays of the enough to explain their pacific goals to the European community. The slate of France troupe, as well as a Fest-Noz... population. They expressed strong has not signed the Chapter for lesser used In order to understand the success story of opposition to the paramilitary who stood for languages. A V B has to work hard to keep A V B we must have a look at its history... Paris & against Breizh, as usual...cf.: Roe- control over its own productions and to In the sixties I he church was in control of Tredudon. Roazhon, Kcvert, etc...). remain free from any outside control. Indeed the society. This arrangement was very A V B survived this upheaval because they this struggle must continue if we are to save strong in the villages of Brignogan and worked hard on theatre activities, w ilh their our language; Brittany needs the help of Kerlouan. in the Vro Leon area. Also, one new manager Goulc'han Kervella from A V B for the foreseeable future. The next must remember, to understand this period, Plougerne. There was a steady increase in challenge for AVB is to find young that the french state was coming out of a public support in Vro Leon as more and more professionals to make sure that the troupe colonialist civ il war in Algeria (1962). Al the people attended its shows every year. Slowly will keep going on & on... lime the church used to help poor people all but surely they gained the spirit of their land C i Keltik over the world. A lot of the priests came of Leon. The psychiatrist, manager & writer from the Vro Leon known as « the priests’ of the plays successfully brought together the land ». On his return from Peru one of the mood of the period with the Christian priests. Youenn Troal. started the cultural philosophy o f the people. Outdoors shows centre, like most o f the clergy he was were held in summer when the weather was I Ar Bed j opposed to communism during the cold fine, like « La Passion Cellique ». Liberia ». w ar... Tristan & Iseult » with an average o f one In the club-house, the teenagers and the hundred comedians on stage helped the many I Keltiek I students learnt about their own culture spectators (700 to 1400) to leam more about j On line books, records, Celtic art. j their Celtic culture. These shows paved the language. Breton folk dances, folk songs, as Kemper: 02.98.95.42.82 ; well as the economic and social challenges way for the successful indoor staging of the ; Brest: 02.98.44.05.38 in fanning, tourism & so on. After 1968, the more complicated plays like « the stars & the period was very exciting especially in the plough », « A r mestr » or « Amoko-2 ». The i h t tp :/ / w \\ w .arbedkeltick.com farming industry in which the J.A .C . success story of the last thirty years is also movement (Jeunesse Agricole C’hretienne) due to the real will to keep our language and Ar Bed Keltiek (2 Str. Ar Doue started a strong and dynamic opposition to roots alive in the modern world. Grolon, 29000 Kemper). the communist trade-unions (CG T+CG T- In order to survive financially during the When phoning from abroad, j FO + ...). At the same time A V B reorganized winter, (between shows) the professional omit the 0 in the prefix. its cultural centre. They also produced a team teaches theatre activities to children in VA! The First Breton Wceklvj - 100%.., e-hrezhone5

Twenty five years after the monthly newspaper, bremaft (cf: Cam 129) appeared, the weekly: Ya! was born in the spring of 2005. The new hope began with the arrival o f the left wing at the Council o f Breizh in 2004.When breman started it was very militant because it began at the time o f the nuclear fight of Plogov. Ya! is less aggressive on economic and social issues... The project started in 2004. when Yann- Fanch Jack, the active president of KeltVimpBev, began to gather subscriptions. They needed at least 300 subscribers in order to have a full-time journalist and a model- maker (=maquetist) to work along with a team of five workers who would produce cartoons (Rou/ig. Louarnig & Meurlad) as well as books and videos in Breton for children and teenagers. Today the number of subscribers has exceeded 900. Y A !... Is doing well. Issue No. 21 started the Celtic new year r with extra pages for the Karaez (Goul al Icvriou e-breizh) Book Exhibition. Gwenael Breizh. Uliel (EAST) as well as Brclzh-lzel cartoon by the famous caricaturist 'NoNo'. Dage. the young journalist and producer (W ES T) where 300,000 people still speak Political, social, religious matters are also printed the first 12 page edition, with 'la Breton. covered with reports from the sporting world, Seimana’ from Oktana which prints Y A ! An The name Y A! appears in a green square on travel. T V etc. On the whole Y A ! is visually eight page weekly is already a challenge. the top left of the cover. Inside the name is in attractive with many photos and cartoons Fortunately a few people help every week. black and white...of course. A title of the (Boullig ha Billig). The priest. Job an Irien and the president of main article with photos appears on the front So Y A ! is yet another positive development Ti ar Vro Leon Ifarve Lossec do a cover along with the title of a regular feature and give us hope for the future of the Breton lot...hopefully, they will keep going, in order which looks at different challenges faced by language. to give lime for the journalist to travel and Biillauy today. Gi Keltik make contacts throughout Breizh. One of the There are a number of other regular features challenges is to create a newspaper for including Berr ha Bern (news in brief) . a

Three new bilingual dictionaries Published by the breton editions “Yoran Em banner”.

These 3 mini-dictionaries are: Breton/Portuguese, Breton/Welsh, and Cornish/English. This last one "KernewekISowsnek and English/Cornish” was compiled by the well known author Dr Ken George under the auspices of the Cornish Language Board/Kesva an Taves Kernewek Although this dictionary contains a surprising number of words for its size, they have necessarily been selected from a larger corpus. To a large extent the choice of words is reflected in the sister dictionary containing Breton and English. For the 2 other new mini-dictionaries Yoran Embanner was helped by Ofis A r Brezhoneg. Rhisiart Hincks and Fulup Travers compiled the Welsh and Portuguese dictionaries respectively. Yoran Enbanner is now planning on publishing 2 more dictionaries for the end of 2006: a Scottish Gaelic/English and a Scottish Gaelic/German Price of the published dictionaries 6 Euro. Contact for sale: Coop Breizh, Kerangwenn, F- 29540 Spezet/Speied E-mail: [email protected]

MINI-DICTIONARY MINIDICIONARIO KERNEWEK / SOWSNEK

ENGLISH/CORNISH PORTUGUES / BRETAO

KESVA AN TAVES KERNEWEK 1 1 z i WWW.

Cymuned have launched a new English- language website to help spread the anti­ Parch u'r anthem genedlaethol colonisation message throughout the English- speaking world. www.NotEnolish.com Yn dilvn arolwg negeseuoti testun complements the Welsh-language website gan HA Cymru, lle'r ocdd 99% o'r www.YnvFro.com that Cymuned had set up negeseuon o hluid dysgu'r anthem earlier. A launching event was held in Cardiff genedlaethol i blaut ysgol. cyflwvn- in November last year when Cymuned odd Gsveinidog yr Wrthhlaid dros cs received an unprecedented expression of Ddiwylliant, Owen John Thomas AC, support from the non-Welsh-speaking public. Ddatganiad Barn yn y Cynu Iliad Many of the ideas of Cymuned, especially Cenedlaethol ym mis Tachwedd oedd those concerned with jobs and housing, are yn dweud y dylai pob plentyn yng just as relevant to English-speaking Nghymru ddysgu ‘Hen Wlad Fy communities outside the Bro Gymraeg as they Nlntdau' yn yr ysgol. Owen John Thomas are to the Welsh-speaking communities of the Dywcdodd yr AC Plaid Cymru o Bro. The intention is to increase support for C aerdydd: broses ddewis yn un hir iawn. gyda sawl the Bro Gymraeg among non-Welsh-speakers “Byddai hyn yn bwysig iawn cam. Fodd bynnag. ers yr ohehiaeth liunno. by offering ideas and support for them in their unrhyw adeg, w rth gwrs. Fodd byn- ’rwyf wedi sylw i bod y Post Brenhinol wedi own communities. nag, mac'll arbennig o bwysig ar hyn comisiynu stampiau arbennig ar fyr rybudd ar gyfer priodas frenhinol. buddugoliacth ,\ln(iliSft c. o bryd gan y byddwn, y flwyddyn '4> nesaf, yn dathlu 150 mlynedd ers i l.loegr yng Nghyfres y Uudw. a buddugoli- Evan James a James James gyfansod- aeth Lloegr yng Nghwpan Rygbi'r Byd. di'r anthem ym Mhnntypridd. Mae’n Mae'n hen bryd. felly, i hanes Cyniru a un o an them a u enwocaf y byd, sy’n diwylliant Cymru dderbyn yr un gydnaby- The website NotEnglish.com also makes the anfon ias i lawr eich asgwrn cefn. Ni ddiaeth.” important point that recognition and ddylai unrhyw blentvn adael yr ysgol conservation of the Bro Gymraeg is vital for heb gacl y cyfle i ddysgu"r anthem Sum m ary: strengthening the language nationally, and it livnod hon. Dyna’r deyrnged fwyaf y The Shudtnv Culture M inister in the Welsh does not mean Ignoring areas outside the Bro gallwn roi i'r cyfansoddwyr, Evan National Assembly, Plaid's Otven John Gymraeg. The existence of a thriving Bro James a James James.” Thomas from Cardiff, culled in November fo r Gymraeg area will encourage the language in Ilefyd. mac Owen John Thomas all school children in Wales to have to learn the rest of Wales by giving possible learners wedi ysgrifennu at y Post Brenhinol i the National Anthem, Hen Hiud fy Nhadau, and school-leavers somewhere they know ofyn iddynt ystyried comisiynu stamp and fo r the Post Office to produce a stamp they can go to use Welsh. arbennig i ddathlu 150 mlynedd ers next year to commemorate the I50tli anniver­ A sticker campaign has been started to publish sary o f the composing o f the anthem by Evan cyfansoddi Anthem Cenedlaethol NotEnglish.com. The site is well worth a visit. and Jam es Jam es front Pontypridd. Cymru. Cyfansoddwyd Hen W lad Fy Robat ap Tomos Nhadau gan Evan a Janies James tra‘r oeddeul yn cerdded ar byd glan yr afon ym Mhontypridd ym mis lonawr 1856 ac fc'i perfformiwyd am Assembly officials prepare to face direct action y tro cyntaf yng Nghapel Tabor, Officials at the National Assembly sent an e-mail to Assembly staff in October warning Maesteg yn yr un flwyddyn. of possible action by ‘Welsh language protesters’, meaning Cymdeithas yr laith. Dywedodd M r Thomas. “Rwy’n teim- The e-mail said ‘‘We have received Information from South lo’n gryf y dylai hyn gael ei ddathlu Wales Police instructing the Welsh Assembly Government of a substantial threat from ledled Cymru ac y byddai stamp Welsh language protesters. arbennig yn deyrnged briodol iawn i "They have already daubed graffiti at Cathays Park. gyfansoddwyr ein Hanthem "They have issued a statement of intent to enter Welsh Assembly Government buildings Genedlaethol.” and daub paint once inside. Cysylltodd Mr Thomas ä'r Post “You need to make staff aware of this and the need for vigilance Is paramount. If you Brenhinol ychydig flynyddoedd yn 61 suspect anyone is about to behave in this manner, lock the entrance and inform the mnvn ymgais i gael stam p i goffsiu police on 999." chwe chan mlwyddiant sefydlu This official concern is clearly connected with the unwillingness of the government to Senedd Owain Glyndwr yn 2004. acknowledge the need for a new Language Act. Comisiynwyd stampiau ond pan A Cymdeithas spokesman said in response. "Not only have they sent this ‘warning’ out gawsant eu cyhoeddi, 'roeddent yn to Assembly employees, but older members of our society tell me that there was more dangos golygfeydd yng Nghymru. ond police surveillance during the rally we held in Cardiff last week than has been witnessed dim golwg o Owain Glyndw r. Dywedodd Mr Thomas, “Yn ystod since the investiture of Prince Charles in the Sixties. fy ymgais i sierhau stampiau arben­ “Video cameras were widely used, and the police had images of most of the Cymdeithas nig ar gyfer Owain Glyndwr, dywe­ leaders on file. This shows a total lack of understanding of Cymdeithas yr laith’s long dodd v Post Brenhinol wrthyf fod y tradition of non-violent direct action."

Cam h league ACM The case delegate taken to court twice for not fitting in New Welsh Language Act 1Lngti^k form 5 The case for a New Welsh Language Act danger of damaging the positive perception The need fora new Welsh language act was of Welsh”. Unfortunately for him, the One of the Cymru once again in the summer shown by the Assembly Government’s own official branch delegates at the chain stores in Bangor city centre. While the documents Include the Welsh language as an 2005 Celtic League language quango were congratulating integral part o f the equal rights agenda. In all AGM, Mair Stuart from themselves on persuading Marks & Spencer other areas of equality - race, gender, Sain Tathan in Bro to put bilingual signs in their new branch in sexuality, disability the Government Morgannwg/the Vale of the city, round the comer Wool wort Its were recognizes that relying on people’ s goodwill Glamorgan. was refurbishing their branch and replacing doesn’t work. The tough regulations issued summonsed to appear bilingual signs with English-only signs. A recently by the Westminster Government for in court by two little further away the supermarket the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and different authorities for Morrisons, who have taken over Safe ways, the Employment Equality (Sexual not filling in English forms that should legally were replacing bilingual signs with English- Orientation) Act 2003. show that Labour have been available in Welsh. only signs in the Bangor branch. Without view legislation as a key component in Mair was summonsed to appear in court in legislation, it is impossible to be guaranteed empowering people to be treated fairly and November by Bro Morgannwg council for respect lor the language from big business. without prejudice. not paying the council tax. Mair had been Cymdeithas yr faith chairman Steffan At the heart o f Cymdeithas yr laith's requesting a Welsh form from the council Cravos appeared in court alter painting a campaign is the recognition that current for 3 years but the council had said that such slogan on the walls of Morrisons Bangor. He legislation is outdated and needs reforming. were not ready in Welsh even though the said, starting with a quote from the now-First The Welsh Language Act 1993 is exclusive council's Welsh language plan obliges them Minister Rhodri Morgan: to public bodies. Increasingly, the private to provide them. The magistrates refused '“ We shall be abstaining tonight because and voluntary sectors have taken on former the council costs, accepting that there we hope to have the opportunity before long public sector roles. The growth of technology wouldn’t have been a court case if the to do the job properly. That will be done and the effects o f increasing globalization council had fulfilled its duties by providing a when we revisit the question o f a Welsh also need to be addressed current Welsh form. language measure when we are in legislation has nothing to say about the way Mair said. "When 1 started writing to the Government.’ So said Rhodri Morgan MPon internet services arc provided; banks, for council they answered In English only. By the eve of the Westminster vote on the instance, may well have some bilingual now. I have had some Welsh Welsh Language Act 1993. Twelve years on, Forms but internet banking is in English only. correspondence from them, but once again, the Assembly Government intends to scrap What we want is a legal requirement on all I am facing a court case because important the Welsh Language Board giving First who operate in Wales to do so bilingually. forms are not available from the council in Minister Rhodri Morgan a real opportunity Such a requirement should be regulated to honour his words. Welsh. It is high time for a stronger Language rigorously and be accompanied by Act so that difficulties like this do not keep “ Support is now gathering for new and comprehensive Government support and occurring." radical legislation on the Welsh language. guidance with a phased introduction. The Alongside the rallies and direct action. John response received from the mobile phone On the 3 I st of October, Mair was arrested, Elfed Jones, former Chairman o f the very company Orange is typical; “ There is no for painting a slogan on the Assembly lirst Welsh Language Board, has stated that obligation on us to provide services in government building in Caerdydd/Cardiff as the time has come for a new Welsh Welsh”. Yet Alun Pugh naTvely makes this part of Cymdeithas's campaign for a New Language Ac). Professor Colin Williams, a judgement; “ Major companies like Tcsco Language Act. At the police station, Mair was leading world expert on minorized languages and Ikea are happy to work on extending told that the police were willing to release and language planning, has recently set out bilingual provision without the stick of her with an official caution. She was given an forward-thinking statutory measures that legislation” . The tokenistic exceptions o f English form to fill in to acknowledge the include a Commissioner for the Welsh sporadic and piecemeal developments to caution, and was told that they did not have Language. The Labour peer Gwilym Prys which he refers prove the rule; unless private a copy of the Welsh version of the form. As Davies, along with over a hundred other companies are required by law to operate a result of declining to fill the English form, prominent figures in Wales, has put his name bilingually, they mostly choose not to do so. Mair was summonsed to appear in court to an advertisement which calls for official Using Welsh in all aspects o f life across instead of being given the caution. The status for the language, unequivocal rights to Wales needs to be normalised. Most children Crown Prosecution Service later dropped receive services, goods, and information in in Wales are taught Welsh at school and the case. Welsh, and a right to Welsh medium increasing numbers wish to access Welsh Mair said after being summonsed, “The education for all children and young people medium education. If future generations are behaviour of the police in this case is in Wales. Hywel Williams MP is soon to to use Welsh outside the school environment, disgraceful. I would not have had to go to publish a draft Welsh Language Bill. there is an obvious need for fresh and strong court at all if South Wales Police had had In this context, it makes little sense for initiatives made possible by a new legislative bilingual forms. This all shows how Alun Pugh, Minister for Culture, the Welsh framework. To take an example from the ineffective the 1993 Language Act is, and Language, and Sports, to allege that those world of work, public bodies are required to how a new one is needed. I have to face a who call lor new legislation are “blinkered” publicize job opportunities bilingually. court case because that is easier for the and that he “can not believe there is However, in reality the language of work In police than finding a Welsh form for me to widespread support for it”. most local authorities is mainly English. sign. This all shows how worthless their One of Alun Pugh’s main arguments is that Official status for the Welsh language Language Plan is too." establishing basic statutory rights for people would boost people's confidence and clarify to use Welsh would create a “litigious future their expectations when documents written in Robat ap Tomos for the language" and we would be "in Welsh are refused or when health and social Cymdeithas is non-violent - Cravos is not guilty

Cymdeithas yr laith Gymraeg chairman workers. Ms Bowen and the prosecution Sleffan Cravos appeared in court in accepted that there was no intention to cause injury, but Cymdeithas accept that the injury HwHTordd/Haverfordwesl on the 17^’ of would not have happened were it not for our November as a result of a Cymdeithas protest. protest against Radio Carmarthenshire over a year earlier. I le denied the charge of causing "Though we have sympathy with Ms Bowen. Cymdeithas condemn the arrogance bodily harm, and was duly declared not of Ken Jones (the Manager of Radio guilty by the court. Carmarthenshire) that was shown once more Following the verdict Sleffan Cravos in the court. It became obvious in his issued the following statement: evidence that he had refused to allow the " I’m extremely pleased that the Court defence lawyer into the studio to sec the found me not guilty. I'm a member of place of the incident. In the same way he had Cymdeithas yr faith which is a non-violent Steffan Cravos organisation and the protest held at the refused a request from Rliodri Glyn Thomas showing a total lack of respect oflhc (Welsh- AC (Assembly Member for Carmarthen East Radio Carmarthenshire studios back in 20(M speaking) nature of the county. & Dinet'wr) for a meeting to discuss the use was a non-violent protest. We were "Cymdeithas yr laith have sympathy for Ms of Welsh on Radio Carmarthenshire. Since protesting then because o f the lack o) Welsh- Amy Bowen who was injured either Jones had refused to discuss the station’ s Utngttage provision on Radio accidently or as a result of our activists being unwillingness to use Welsh, direct action Carmarthenshire and hccanse the station pushed out o f the studio by radio station became necessary.” was showing complete and utter disregard to the linguistic nature of Carmarthenshire. Radio Carmarthenshire still stand accused and the campaign against Radio Carmarthenshire will continue. " ‘CARDIFF 4’ NOT GUILTY Sioned Elin. the Cymdeithas regional chairman for Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire, added: "Cymdeithas yr laith is a non-violent organisation and the protest that was held in Radio Carmarthenshire's studios back in 2004 was a non-violent one. We were protesting then about Radio Carmarthenshire broadcasting almost entirely in English.

The Case for a New Welsh Language Act continued from page 10

care services are not available in Welsh. Such a provision coupled with establishing a Commissioner For the Welsh language would mean that all people in Wales would have access to a champion for the language. Crucially, the spirit of any new legislation must be inclusive and enshrine the principle that the Welsh language belongs to all Demonstration outside the Courthouse in Cardiff people in Wales and its future is o f concern to the whole nation. Alun Pugh Four members of Cymdeithas yr laith were Cardiff week after week to stress that now is condescendingly suggests that a new Welsh found not guilty of criminal damage at Cardiff a golden opportunity to introduce a New Language Act would “alienate the 80% of magistrates’ court on the 23 rd of November Language Act because legislation has to be people in this country' who have not been even though they acknowledged that they brought before Westminster to dissolve the fortunate enough to leant both our national had painted 'Deddf laith Newydd - Dyma’r language quango. languages". There is no evidence to support Cyfle!' (A New Language Act - Now's the “The authorities have been rushing to get this view and it is surely scandalous for Alun opportunity!) on the walls of the government these cases through the courts in order to Pugh to be so divisive. I< is our belief that building in Cathays Park. stop the direct action. In this first case, they everyone in Wales should be able to learn The 4 were Lowri Larsen of Caernarfon, have failed and it's I -0 to Cymdeithas. Our and use Welsh not as a matter of privilege or Menna Machreth of Llanddarog, action will continue to impress the luck but as a fundamental right. Carmarthenshire, Lois Barrar from Ffos y seriousness of the situation on those in All the opposition parties in the Assembly Gerddinen/Nelson, Glamorgan, and Gwenno power in the Assembly and also to increase have now voted to block the scrapping of the Teifi of Llanfihangel ar Arth, Carms. The case the awareness of the people of Wales. Welsh Language Board because Alun Pugh was thrown out because the prosecution had “We are especially grateful to Owen John has failed to convince them that he has the not prepared their papers in time. Hedd Thomas AC for coming to the court to testify vision to fill this statutory void. The Fl'orwm Gwynfor, Cymdeithas yr laith Vice- that the Assembly government are hindering he has set up is no more than a talking shop. Chairman, said: ‘T h e slogan 'Deddf laith democratic debate on the need for a new Stop patronizing us, Mr Pugh. It's time for Newydd - Dyma’r Cyfle!’ has been painted Language Act." you to start listening!" on the walls of the government building in Robat ap lomas Samhain’ Sunburst Gaelic: Hobby, Dream or Cultural Lifeline? Ar leathanach 11 ta Fogra do ranganna Breathnaise san Caulfield South Community Flouse agus san Celtic « 3 é i r e «3 Club ( ca heile!). Ta logra do Celtic Clothing and G ilts ag www.totallyceltic.com ar 1_ II leathanach 18 agus eeann ar Icathanach 19 do *Seventh Annual Lake School o f of Celtic Music. Song and Dance i Koroit ag lus mhi An Saol Ó Dheas Uainn Eanair seo chugainn. Dirithe ar Ghaidhlig ata leathanach 22 agus a Icatli de leathanach 23 le haltatvna ar Scots Fuaireamar coip den iris T ainsT lie of mutual support' Is Follas nacli ag diriu ar Gaelic i Canberra CD. Fadhbanna chroi i Australian Irish Network a Hi oil si tear se an treimhse thart ata Tain. iiGaeltacht nah Albant’O mo dhuth aici. O uair in aghaidli na bliana 6 P O Box 2618. A di ni ar chiirsai na hEireann anihain ala an my Country where do you stay? Ie Rob Fitzrov 3065, Victoria ar S5.50 an t-eagran. iris dirithe na ar na hEireannaigh san Astrail McCoy. Fdgraitear Celtic Folk Show chuile Ta su iomh idirlinn acu fosta amliain. A r Icathanach 3 marshampla ta nota Luain ar radio eigin agus oicheannta www.tain.net.au. Fa dtaobh den dialannai Albannach Georgina Breathnaise chuile Mliairt san Celtic Club.. An t-eagran ata againn tugann se sunlas McGrac ar leanbh greine de chuigiu don deaibh ata toglha le gairitl i Rockingham larla Gordon i; ar Icathanach 4 ta Agus mar bhuaic bhi 'Festival Divers na Celtic Nations' ann i mi Lunasa. Bhi (gar do Freemanlle) an ait as ar shod an fogra do shuiomh idirlinn 'Cornish Singers ‘ann. ‘Manx Music'.an Catalpa lena lasta dc priosunaigh www.australianceltictiger.com.au ‘ an on 'Victoria Welsh Choir'. ‘Breton Music' agus Finineacha sa bhliain 1876. Ormond Waters line director)’ identifying the resources o f the oirfidi eile on lodail agus on Spain. Tharla a scriobh an t-alt. B'e ba mho is leir a bhi Australian Celtic Community' a eagru ag san uilig sail MooneeValley Racing Club i taobh thiar den iarracht. Dealhhadoiri Kevin McCarthy agus Fogra cilc do Moonee Ponds. Eireannacha lonnaithc san Astrail, Joan agus shaotharlann' Remembering Lives ' san Celtic Christie Smith, a rinne an piosa Club i Melbourne: ar leathanach 5 ta logra d' taithneamhach -eallta ag dul sail aer 'na imeacht cile cagrailhe san Celtic Club ceanna Summary This article outlines the contents o f an issue Gcanna Fiaine'. agus leathanach iornlan de lliograi of TaintThe Australian Irish Network In eagarlhocal Faoi taobh den dealbli ' d'imeachtai san Celtic Club ceanna ata i which deals not only with Irish and Irish- Stopping the Deliberate Forgetting' (arbli leathanach 9. .Australian matters hut also provides Ihiii duiriii Fein sa hhaile suntas a thabhairt I mease ma sciminear Fdgraithc in Ollscoil information on the other Celts. do losta!) deir said ' The proud memory of Melbourne bhi" Sinn Fein Bretons - Breton such history enables those who are today Militants and Ireland from I h i6 ' a stiuradh Padraig O Snodaigh more prosperous to understand the ag Dan Leach ar 18u Deireadli Fdnihair agus continuing need for workers organisations eeann cile ag an Dr. Val Noone ar an 8u

Amhrànai Tradaisiunta Cónaithaitheach

Ceapadh Pàdraigin Ni Uallachàin i Is i Pàdraigin a scriobh an duaisleabhar A bhFómhair 2005 ina hEalaiontóir Cónaithe in HIDDEN ULSTER (Four Courts Press lonad Filiochta Séamus Heaney Ollscoil na 2004), saothar scolàireachta a chuireann sios Banriona. Béal Feirste. Is i an chéad ar phobal, ar amhràin agus ar thraidisiuin a Amhrànai Tradaisiunta Cónaithaitheach ar ceantar dùchais Oirialla (oirdheisceart chùige Pàdraigin Ni an ollscoil i . Tà an post a mhaoiniù ag an Uladh). U allachàin ollscoil agus ag Foras na Gaeilge go Méan Cé gur amhrànai traidisiunta i fógraitear ré Fómhair 2006 nua beoga don amhrànaiocht i nGaeilgc. leis departments including the School of Music and an dlùthdhiosca nua ÀILLEACHT (CEFCD the Department of Irish and Celtic Studies at Tà Pàdraigin Ni Uallachàin ar dbuine de na 187 Gael Linn 2005). Bailiùchàn dà cuid Queen's. She will be available for presentations ceoltóiri traidisiunta is bisiula agus is cumadóireachta comhaimseartha féin atà ar in the wider community on an outreach basis. cruthaithi in Eirinn. Bionn si le cloisteàil ag an albam seo agus is i an chéad bhean in This residency is funded by Foras na Gaeilge in canadh ar an tsean-nós ach is ionduil go Eirinn i chun a leithéid a eisiùint. association with the School o f English. Queen's mbionn si ar an ardàn le tionlacan ón University Belfast. Padraigin NI Uallachain sàrcheoltóir agus giotarai Steve Cooney. Pàdraigin Ni Uallachàin was appointed last recently released a CD Ailleacht (Beauty), of D ’oibrigh si agus thaistil si leis na blianta leis autumn as the Traditional S i n g e r in her own newly com posed songs. Her first album an gcumadóir agus cheoltóir snagcheoil Residence in the Seamus Heaney Centre for in 1 9 9 4 . A Stor is A Stolrin (a double CD iomràiteach Palle Mikkelborg. Poetry. School of English QU Belfast 2005-6. recently reissued by Gael Linn) is regarded as a Chuir si go suntasach le gach gné The role will be to provide a focus for a series o f jew el and classic in Irish song recordings. She is cruthaitheach de thraidisiun na explorations and lines of communication the author o f the award-winning book A Hidden hamhrànaiochta in Eirinn. Is seoid i a céad between Irish traditional singing and wider Ulster (Four Courts Press 2003) a scholarly albam, A Stór is a Stóirin a thàinig amach ar cultural concerns on campus, in the Belfast work on the people, songs and traditions of her lipéad Gael Linn i 1994 ( dlùthdhiosca community, including links between Ireland and native Oriel. Her other albums on the Gael Linn dùbalta a atheisiodh le déanai ag Gael Linn). Scotland. She will be conducting a series of music label include An Dara Craiceann. (1995) Ar na halbaim eile aici ar lipéad Gael Linn tà: events and presentations for students and staff When I Was Young (1997) and An Dealg Oir An Dara Craiceann, ( 1995) When I Was at Queen's University during the academic (2002). Young. (1997) agus An Dealg Óir, (2002). year. Links will be formed with other Official Status to Irish in the EU .! One group Proposal to Sideline Irish in which look immediate action was the relatively new organisation ‘Na Gaeil Oga’ who organised a march to and protest at the Second Level Education Fine Gael offices. In a debate with the Fine Gael leader, Enda in November the Fine Gael leader. Enda student w ill be left with no choice but to Kenny, in January, the Minister for Gaeltacht Kenny, announced a proposal at the party's choose the other subject, thereby denying Affairs.Eamon O Cuv, said there would be annual conference that the Irish language be such students the choice of studying Irish. no change in Government policy in relation no longer a necessary subject for second 4. Many schools would discontinue teaching to Irish on the Leaving Certificate. level studies leading to the Leaving Irish for the Leaving Certificate. “ Irish reflects a unique heritage and a world Certificate but be made optional. This This policy, if it were to be implemented, heritage which we hold in trust." he said. “ It announcement was made it seems without would be a retrograde step not only regarding is only right that every child being educated any consultation. The president o f Conradh the teaching of Irish but also to teaching of in Ireland should have the right to be taught na Gaeilge. Daitlti Mac C'arthaigh. stated that other languages, which goes against the both languages in the first and second level lie was surprised and sorry to hear about this policy of The Council of Europe and the systems.” policy which went against Fine Gael European Union; that all citizens have There had been monumental mistakes in traditions and that such a policy would do proficiency in three languages. Conradh na relation to Irish tuition, but it was not the damage to the Irish language (it may be Gaeilge fully endorses this European ideal. abysmal failure that had been portrayed. mentioned however this reference to EG Wc understand that there is a need for change Some one million people said they knew tradition is not totally true as while the and the following are Conradh na Gaetlge's Irish, and 10(1.000 said they spoke it daily, party's predecessor introduced measures to policies regarding this question. according to Census figures, and the grow th promote Irish in lie early days of the State 1. All language teachers at both primary and in Irish medium schools showed that there Fine Gael was the party which did away with post-primary level to have attended a year was a continued demand for Irish language the requirement for Irish for entry to Lhe long immersion course in that language’s tuition. However the Minister acknowledged State service in the seventies). If Enda heartland as part of their training. 2. One that a radical review of Irish Language Kenny’s proposals are adopted Conradh na subject along with Irish to be taught through teaching in Irish schools is necessary. Gaeilge said Irish will go the way of Latin Irish to all pupils/students. 3. One subject to in our Education system for the reasons set be taught through a third language to every out below. Our system needs reforming in second level student. G u a i l Ó g u : order to teach Irish and other languages ■ The realisation of an Irish language effectively and pleasurably” The following syllabus ( I ) for native speakers and (2) for y?outh Conference reasons were listed: learners. • The realisation of intense ‘catch “Mi neart go cur le chéile” or 'Strength in Coming Together' was the theme of the Youth Conference “Young People and the Irish Language" organised hy Na Gaeil Óga. in Trinity College in Dublin at the end of January. The aim of the conference was to inspire young people to use Irish by informing them of their rights with regard to the Irish Language, the role of the Irish language in the Irish education systems, and the importance of promoting the language amongst the growing immigrant communities in Ireland. Youth organisations, Irish language student societies. Na Gaeil Óga members, young people and members of the Irish language community will be attending the Conference.

Ciarán Mac Fhearghusa, Na Gaeil Óga Chairperson, says that Irish is increasingly becoming sexier, more interesting and more 1. There have been problems in the teaching up' courses in Irish lor pupils who attended enjoyable mainly as a result of the current o f mathematics in recent years. A new school overseas. • The realisation of State boom in the social calendar of the Irish syllabus is being designed to combat this examinations in the major languages o f the language community. We must build from problem. Would this approach in the ease of immigrant communities.” this by making young people aware of their Irish not be a preferred solution? An Conradh called for supporters and the rights in relation to Irish and aware of an 2. Irish like any other language is a skill to public to write to Enda Kenny T.D .(D ail ever-growing and vibrant Irish language acquire by practice. You cannot cram a Eircann. Bade Atha Cliath 2) in support of youth movement it we are to secure the language. Students would be under the Conradh‘s position. future of the language for the next tremendous pressure in the context of the The debate on this proposal is only heating generations.” points system, to choose a subject that can be up now and there seems to a flow of articles crammed. Irish is not a cramming subject. in the print media since from bodies who Na Gaeil Óga is an politically independent 3. 11' students are forced to choose between have little regard for the Irish language bill youth movement, that aims to develop Irish and other subjects required for their are only too happy to exploit the failures of social and activism based links between chosen careers (for example biology or the educational system to reduce its status youth organisations and individuals chemistry in the ease of medicine) the quite ironic in view of the granting of interested in Irish.

Cam l.i under threat. He expressed regret for his assessed matters with senior Gardai and again The North - actions and said he had been recruited by with the IRA. The IICD concluded 'in the British intelligence after having ‘comprised absence o f evidence to the contrary lire Sept Assembly back in himself at a vulnerable period in his life’ ill the 26th. assessment regarding IRA arms remains 1980s. He adamantly maintained that there correct'. Sinn Fein dismissed the IMC report 2006?? was never any Sinn Fein ‘spy ring" in and accused its authors of political bias. Stormont. Martin McGuinness said the report ‘was the It is now eight years almost since the Good The real effect o f these events is difficult to work of an anti republican body which is little Friday agreement on the North w as signed. interpret. One interpretation of the matter is more than a proxy for securocrats and political There have been many twists and turns in the that the dropping of the Stormongate charges detectives’. implementation or indeed non- was to protect Donaldson's role. The PPS had As might be expected the DUP and Ian implementation of the Agreement since, many applied for a public immunity order, a gagging Paisley sized on the IMC report as vindication of them related to the reluctance of the order', which would have allowed them to of their stance. At the party’s conference Unionists to accept the ramifications of the withhold certain evidence while pressing the Paisley said the DUP wanted complete IRA Agreement and their attempts at ‘claw back'. charges. When this was refused the risk was disbandment, standing down was not In that eight year period the political too high. Then it was decided that Donaldson sufficient. He also took the opportunity to landscape in the North changed with the had outlived his usefulness. When told he was insult Irish President Mary McAleese saying emergence of Ian Paisley's Democratic to he 'ousted' he was apparently offered she was dishonest and ‘ hated Northern Unionist Party (DUP) as the main force in protection. The implication here of course was Ireland' Unionism, Sinn Fein's success in becoming that i f he disappeared into a protection scheme Talks initiated by the Irish and British the parly on the nationalist/ republican side the inference would be that his life was at risk governments between themselves and the with the biggest representation and the from a still active IRA. parties on an individual basis - which were standing dow n of the IRA with a final act of supposed to lay out a strategy to get the decommissioning of its arsenal. While some institutions functioning again - began in early developments w ere predictable one sure thing Feb. Sinn Fein’ s Gerry Adams had called on about the working out of the process is that it the governments to ‘ make it clear’ to Ian has never ceased to contain hidden surprises. Paisley that the object of the forthcoming talks In October 2002, in the so-called is to fully restore all the institutions of the ‘ Slormongate’ affair raids took place on the Belfast Agreement". After the first round of Sinn Fein offices at Stormont and elsewhere talks, at which the Irish Foreign Minister. (see Cam 129). The British government and Dermot Ahern, is said to have rebuked Paisley the Police Service of Northern I reland (PSNI) for his comments on the President, any early accused Sinn Fein of operating a spy ring, recall of the Northern Assembly was ruled out. masses of documents and computers were In light of progress to date, the IMC report and sized. The affair led to the fall of the Local Paisley’s attitude future movement is likely to (Northern) Assembly and its power sharing he just as torturous as past. Even seasoned Executive. Three people were charged, one of Rev. Ian Paisley commentators arc expecting no outcome them being Denis Donaldson, head of Sinn before autumn. So can we expect an Executive Fein's office at Stormont, and it was stated The International Monitoring Commission and Assembly in 2006? Don't hold your that all would be prosecuted. Then in early (IM C - not part of the Good Friday Agreement breath! Dee. 2005, at a court hearing, till charges but set up later by the two governments to against the men were dropped! report on IRA and loyalist paramilitary Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams called for activity and dependant on security and police ^eciaion to refuse an end to ‘political policing' and stated there reports) was then due to report early in the never was a spy ring and that the allegations New Year. If this report confirmed no activity 89-room Apftrtfjotel in were spread by police elements hostile to the on the IRA side fresh impetus could be given C o n n e m a ra u pbettk peace process, l ie said there were those within to efforts to get the Local Assembly and the Special Branch (old RUC Special Branch), Executive back in operation. If however the Bord Pleanala has upheld a decision to some still active in the PSNI. who continue to IMC reported that a senior Sinn Fein ex- refuse planning permission for an 89-room be at war with Irish republicans and who member was being and had to be protected it aparthotel in the Connemara Gaeltacht opposed Sinn Fein and the peace process. would be taken that the IRA was still active. village of Spiddal due to the adverse impact Unionists demanded the Public Prosecutions I lowever Donaldson chose to go to Sinn Fein on the Irish language. The board also Service (PPS) justify its decision. The only and confess rather than into any protection believes the scheme would result in an 'over explanation offered was that ‘prosecutions of scheme and that pul paid to that. Nevertheless - intensive and inappropriate’ form of t he offences in relation to the accused were no rumours and speculation continued to abound development in a small village, and would longer in the public interest". Irish Taoiseach with claims of more spies to come and more introduce an ‘incongruous and discordant Bertie Ahern said ‘alter hundreds of troops dirty tricks from British Intelligence. element to the location. descending on Stormont for what was stated The report of the IMC was published in early The original proposal was refused to be irrefutable evidence, 1 do not quite Feb. It claimed that while the IRA had been permission by Galway County Council on acting largely in accordance with its stand understand it’. As this came after a meeting five grounds, including adverse impact on down statement of July last (and the IMC with British Premier Tony Blair he did linguistic and cultural heritage and accepted that that was its strategic intent) it obviously did not get any enlightenment there inappropriate density. Galway's county and said that Blair claimed to know nothing was still engaged in intelligence gathering, development plan includes grounds for about it. involved in criminality and - a key issue - that refusing any development which will have a Hardly had the dust settled on this when, it had reports that the IRA had not handed over within a few w'eeks. Denis Donaldson all its arms last September. This set it up in significant negative impact on the Irish confessed (to Sinn Fein initially before they direct conflict with Gen. John de Chastelain's language in the Gaeltacht. Recent went public) to having been a paid British spy Independent International Commission on residential schemes planned for the for twenty years! He was apparently informed Decommissioning (IIC D ) who in their report, Connemara Gaeltacht have included by his Special Branch handlers that he was published about the same time, contradicted conditions that a percentage of homes must about to be ’outed’ as an informant in a the IMC. In fact Gen. de Chastelain stated that be sold to competent Irish speakers. Sunday newspaper and that his life would be aware of such suggestions the IICD had Dail Eireann (where it was addressed by Trade Union leaders) it was applauded. In the Lessons of the Irish Ferry Dispute other cities and tow ns crowds of up to fifteen thousand turned out. Speakers at the rallies said that the issue which triggered the Irish Ferries dispute, displacement by cheaper migrant workers, was already widespread. Hundreds of thousands of others were affected the hotel and catering industries, the bar industry and construction industries were riddled with it. Meanwhile, under pressure, Irish Ferries had finally agreed to go to the Labour Relations Commission after an invitation was issued by its Chief Executive. After several w eeks o f intensive efforts a deal was brokered. The main points were:

♦ Irish Ferries can proceed with its plan to outsource crew on its Irish .Sea vessels B U T its new seafarers must be paid at least the Irish minimum wage (those in senior positions will receive more) - this is about twice what had been proposed. The Isle of Inishmore which was tied up by officers action at Pembroke Dock ♦ Crews will also have significantly more time off than originally planned. ♦ Pay and conditions o f seafarers w ill be The biller Irish Ferries dispute, which was industrial relations generally at a time when underpinned by a binding agreement finally resolved in the run up to Christmas, new national talks were scheduled to begin 7 grounded in Irish law. tells much about the attitude o f some Irish am understand why companies want to ♦ Existing ships officers and ratings who employers, their intent to exploit cheap restructure and there are case studies for wish to remain with the company will labour and iheir attitude to reasonable pay decades about Iww you do these things, hut if have pay and conditions protected. and conditions achieved over successive you were to go out and try to invent in ihe ♦ The new company will 'reflag’ its vessels wage agreements by their workers.. year 20005 a ham-fisted war o f upsetting to another state. (There had been tears Although the company which owns Irish everybody, this is a very good ease study. ’ that if this happened a legal agreement Ferries. Irish Continental, is very profitable With the stand olT continuing Siptu mem­ would be unenforceable but having taken they wanted to make even more profit and bers in Rosslare took support action at the legal advice Siptu was assured that this decided to go about this by bringing in low end of November and the Irish Ferries ferry could be grounded in Irish law). cost East European labour with the MV N orm andy coming from France, was not ♦ Industrial peace is guaranteed for at least displacement o f their unionised Irish work allowed to dock. Irish Ferries retaliated by three years, with any issues in dispute force of over live hundred on the Irish Sea threatening to take one of the ships, the going to binding arbitration. routes between Ireland and Britain. It may he Jonathan Swift fast ferry sailing from Dublin ♦ The firm will achieve savings of €11.5 mentioned that company had already to Holyhead, out of service for all but the million a year, rather than the €1 5 million implemented such a scheme on its route to summer months and to make 'immediate lay­ expected under the outsourcing plan. France. offs' as a result. ♦ All personnel, on returning to work, to be In September last, the staff on the Irish Sea The Seaman’s Union of Ireland (SU1) rep­ treated "as if the dispute had never routes had been given two weeks to accept a resenting the ratings (deckhands) called for happened. redundancy offer o f eight weeks pay per year management and Siptu to move towards res­ of service. Alternatively, they could keep olution of the dispute. SU1 general secretary The lessons arc clear for the Irish work their jobs but on reduced pay and altered Robert Carrick said he was consulting mem­ force affected by changing circumstances. conditions. Two of the eight weeks of bers about the latest development. The vast Existing pay and conditions can be redundancy payments were described by the majority of SUI member had applied for maintained if a firm stance is taken and company as 'goodwill' payments, redundancy, but Mr Carrick said that many backed by the broader trade union movement conditional on staff co-operating with the did so only because ‘a gun was put to their now that they have woken up to their change over to agency crews. head’. responsibilities. It is equally important that Ships officers, who are members of Siptu. The Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU) immigrant workers arc assured o f at least the refused to sail the vessels since November organised a day of protests in support of the same minimum pay and conditions as Irish 24th. w hen security personnel, disguised as Irish Ferries workers and to highlight wider workers. These issues have to be dealt with passengers, boarded two ships to begin concerns about exploitation of migrant w ork­ and copper fastened in any new national implementation of the company's ers and tlie displacement of jobs. It was held wage deals. outsourcing plan. They were followed on on Friday Dec. 9th and the depth of public Some of those who choose to ignore the board the two ships. The Isle of Innismorc feeling on the issue was demonstrated by the effect o f open access into Ireland from the and the Ulysses, by agency workers who high turnout at the protest marches in nine Eastern European accession states on the were due to replace existing staff. In the Isle cities and towns across the State. In Dublin, wages and standards of Irish workers seem to of Inishmore. in Pembroke Docks, the ship's tens of thousands took part in the biggest have got a wake up call. Labour party leader, officers barricaded themselves into the trade union demonstration since the tax Pat Rabbitte. called for a green card system control room. marches in 1979. Estimates of the turnout to be examined. The level o f debate on these This action by Irish Ferries prompted the varied but ICTU put it at between 80,000 and issues may be seen by the fact that this following from Taoiseach Bertie Ahern, 100.000. modest proposal was promptly deemed racist concerned about the impact of the dispute on As the march moved through the city to (!) by the .Government parties. In an open letter to R T E's interviewer. Aine Lawlor, Antony Coughlan o f National Platform commented on the events and attitudes as follows: / was amused to hear you interview ICTU's David Begg on "Morning Ireland " today re the Irish Ferries dispute and to hear him expatiating on what he termed the problems that arise from merging an Irish labour farce o f 2 million with an East European labour force o f 70 million. The thought crossed my mind that maybe you would suggest that David Begg was encouraging "racism " a n d " ra cist" sentiment by drawing attention to such problems. I remember well your putting this suggestion to me when I tried to draw attention to exactly this situation in an interview with yon on the same programme at the time of the second Nice Treatr referendum in 2002. J sought to point out on that occasion that merging a labour market o f 2 million with one of 70 million would lead to significant immigration to Ireland from the poorer countries o f Eastern Europe, that this would inevitably have a downward effect on Irish workers' wage-rates and working conditions, and would make it difficult to maintain even the minimum wage rale for many people working here. During the Nice referendum I also remember David Begg implying that il was encouraging "racism “ to suggest that it would be difficult to maintain high-quality wage and working conditions in face of significant immigration, when he and I spoke together at the Magi 11 Summer School in Donegal. Mr Begg and such other Yes-side worthies as Proinsias de Rosso and Minister like frying to enforce one minimum wage rate bitterly doing dial later when it was too late. for Europe Dick Roche produced ludicrously in Kerry, but a different one in Limerick next The establishment economic wisdom is that low estimates at that lime of how many door, and a different one again in Tipperary the wave of Eastern European immigrants workers would come to this counlty if vre and the other Irish counties. One can attempt (Polish, Latvian, Lithuanian) has helped were one o f only a handful of EU Slates to if with an army of Labour Inspectors, but maintain Irish economic progress (and never operate an "open door” policy from Day widespread evasion is inevitable. mind the social cost in their countries of One o f EU enlargement. See some of their I can imagine the day will come when some original, as outlined in recent T V reports, for estimates below. They threw insults about attractive Czech and Polish radio presenters, example, of whole villages denuded of their "racism" and "racist" at anyone who as articulate as your good self but willing to youth in Latvia, reminiscent of Ireland questioned their dogmatic assurance that no work for less money, will appear on RTE's decades ago). serious problems could arise. current affairs programmes as a resit f t o f the A more long term view has recently emerged The problems arising from Gama. Irish station being affected by "the bracing winds however in the report o f the National Ferries, the widespread violation of our of competition " in the labour market which Economic and Social Forum (NESF) minimum wage laws in the construction and David Begg and others have helped let Irish published in early February. It said that some service trades etc., are occurring in a workers in for. Ireland has to wean itself off its dependency context where Ireland has an economic In late 2002 / was present at the National on immigrant workers and focus on boom and there are plenty o f jobs available. Forum in Europe in Dublin Castle when retraining Large numbers of unskilled and Can you imagine how hard it would be to David Begg told those present that he unemployed workers. maintain Irish workers ’ wages and supported the proposed EU Constitution. The report stated that the cost of future standards in the event of an economic This was before that Constitution had even immigration will be increasingly shouldered downturn? Being unable to prevent been signed and when its final provisions by the government, and not private downward pressure on Irish workers ’ wages were not yet publicly known. Mr Begg's companies, as the cost o f housing, educating and working conditions due to their commitment of support was given without and integrating workers from abroad uncritical embrace of uncontrolled EU any policy discussion on the matter escalates. immigration, in ICTU's affiliated trade unions. If the The average age of future immigrant David Begg and others will now fall back French had voted Yes to the EU Constitution workers is likely to rise above 30 years, the on seeking to main fain the Irish minimum last summer and we had had the referendum level at which it now stands and the cost to wage level, even though many immigrants on it that was planned for here in October, the public services will rise accordingly. It are willing to work fo r Jess than that. Trying one can be confident that Mr Begg would also seems that the €1 billion the state to maintain different national minimum have been urging Irish workers to vote for it. spends on returning Irish people to the wage-levels in a 25-Member EU in which with much fatuous talk about the "European workforce could be much more effectively there is total five movement o f labour is a bit social modeI", only for them to regi eI used. r ^ 1 Flag fiasco <3 I K e r n o w M¿, L =J .--fy. The Party (or Cornwall

The recent fiasco involving the Cornish Studh trist Flag and planning law shows just how out- of-touch central government is when it Awos oil aswomivos agan yeth. yma Nowodhow da a’y wosa: Kemow a veu conies to Cornwall. Kemow ow sedhi downna a-dhann gwel.. breusys boghosek lowr arta dhc dhendil Questioned as to whether a Cornish Flag Travyth a vo gvvrys y'n ternas erbysicth ny mona "amkan onan' dhiworth Brussels. Pin could be flown without planning ' ir orth studh anfcusik gencsigyon an vro. a woer? A allsa pobel Gernou dervynn permission. Government Minister Keith Ny yllir dismygi aberveth yn soedhvaow desedhans gwell? Hill referred to 'legislation' which states towlenna mamas an linenn usycs a dhyskir. that the flying of 'national' Hags was Iienn yw kavoes sita ha delinya kylgh adro Summary exempt from planning controls. This dhodho. Pub tra arali a omsyw. Leow obcr Despite the belated recognition of one legislation covered the flags of foreign ha daffiir edhommek a bub sort a vydh distinctive feature of Kernow, (the countries from Albania and Afghanistan desedhys y'n sita ha’ n pow, ct'an a vydh language), the economic and social concerns to Zambia and Zimbabwe - and not just kudhys a dreven koskti. of Cornwall, a dispersed population on the those within the British state. Dar, ny dhcsedh henna dhc wlas a’n hen ancient Celtic model, do not receive much Like most Labour Ministers, he dodged the batron keskar kcllek? Nv'gan dour maini! attention. The economy is forced to conform enquiry about the Cornish Flag. For some Rag provia arvctli ny yllir gwclcs pella es to llte standard city-based pattern this strange reason he stated that the Cross o f St tournyaseth. Agan diwysyansow hengovek centralises facilities in city centres, which, in George was a ’ national' flag and therefore a vydh gesys dhc gol I onan hag onan heb the ease of Cast Cornwall, means outside exempt from planning rules. He added travyth y ga le saw gorvarghasow hag Cornwall altogether. The countryside is "individual saint's Hags, which are not also oberow pcs isel yn park karavan. reserved for dormitory estates or second national flags, require prior consent from An gwiryoncdh yw. heb y vos statys yn homes ridiculously over-priced for an area the local planning authority before they can tyller vyth. bos mynnas an governans lenwel designated once again as so poor on a be shown." Kemow a tins dhiworth ken rannow a Bow European scale as to he allocated Objective H ill’s monumental misjudgement led to Sows rag esya aga hudennow. Nvns eus O ne funds. uproar in Cornwall, while the sale o f preder gw ir adro dhe wellhe savon bywa It is to he hoped that the Cornish will demand Cornish Bags increased greatly. kernowyon agan honan. a more sensible and more just distribution o f During Christmas week, the Minister, Y leu govynnys orili an mynystrans yeghes these funds, which have not been used to obviously stunned by the backlash in prag yw le an groin dhe glavjiow hag erell support existing industries but almost Cornwall, partially backed down which was yn Kernow es dell yw yn rannow kehaval yn exclusively on tourist developments. Just greeted as a 'victory' by local newspapers. Pow Sows? An gonliyb o: drefenn bos kost how much the welfare o f locals is taken into 'Victors' in llag battle' declared the Western bywa isella omnia. Styryans henna y\v : account can he judged front this question and Morning News. drefenn agan oberoryon dhe wonis rag answer: A Cornish politician: Why are In fact Mr Hill has stated that district arvethow isel. Yndella ryeliys Bretcn Veur Cornish healthcare facilities granted less councils should 'turn a blind eye' to the a vydh rennys yn dami vaystri ‘Lavur money per head than similar English ones ? regulations, adding: “Local planning Nowydh’ . Ministry o f Health: Because costs are lower authorities have day-to-day responsibility Marth yw gvveles milvilyow dedhewys orth in Cornwall, i.e. van have very low wages. lor the operation o f the advertisement Inveì sten, marow hcdliyw yn jydli. rag y That is how Great Britain s riches are control system. It is therefore entirely a efanlie dhe voy tornysi: nyns o kvvesiyon. shared out under 'New Labour'. The wealthy matter for the relevant local planning Iiedra ve yn oher. a ri grout an par-na a alia receive more and the poor, less! authority to determine whether St Piran's martesen y witha yn lyw! Julyan Holmes Flag should be permitted or whether they consider it is necessary to lake enforcement action."

John Bolitho (Jowan an CBeth) R.I.P. MK commented: 'll is unacceptable that local councils John Bolitho (Jowan an Cleth) R.I.P should he advised by centra! government to Well-known Cornishman. John Bolitho. past Grand Bard, died on turn ‘a blind eve ’ in the ease of these Monday 5th December 2005. planning regulations. As Grand Bard he visited Cornish bards in Australia and was made Planning law is clear. 'National /lags may patron of the Cornish Association of Victoria. he flown without planning permission and It is due to his enthusiasm and support that a website was created for St P inin '.v Flag is our national banner. And Gorseth Kemow. /usi as there are no restrictions on the jiving Estimates of the number of mourners v ary from 600 to 1.000. The o f the Welsh Dragon or the Scottish Saltire. service at the Methodist Chapel included a personal tribute from uv should h e free to fl y the Cornish Flag. Grand Bard Rod Lyon/Tewennow in Cornish and English. A Our challenge to Mr Hill is cleat: He must procession, led by the Gorseth Piper, of several hundred people, representing the many confirm unambiguously that his government organizations John supported, followed the coffin. I lie reception in a Motel included the considers our flag is a national flag and Cornish music ol which John was so much a part. thereby lull)' covered by the regulations. YEditor. MK) Cornwall 2020 - Regenerated or Ruined?

I expect you remember the publicity given vernacular whatsoever, executive housing A further complication is that the to the news that Cornwall had been awarded that no local people can afford, the second initiatives are of limited duration, a Objective One status back in 1999. The homes scandal - and tourism promoted like consequence of which is the tendency for pictures o f happy, smiling faces celebrating some kind of religion where merely staff to Hit about from one job to another, with bottles of champagne outside County questioning its benefits is viewed as creating a lack of continuity and projects that Hall? It seemed us if Cornwall's future was blasphemy. And amongst all this we see the suffer from erratic and inconsistent support. secure, that a golden future for all of us lay increasing marginalisation of the people of And what happens when these initiatives just over the horizon, that Cornwall would Cornwall from the decision making finish? no longer be the poor relation of the UK. processes, which are. inevitably, located There’s something else that puzzles me as Yet only last month the Western Morning outside of Cornwall hand-in-hand with all well - the tendency lor posts to be filled by News published a gloomy front-page article the better paid jobs. Much is made of non-residents and the use o f outside entitled "Cornwall Falls Further Behind". “Cornish distinctiveness" in all the glossy- consultants. This seems to conllict with the The chairman of the Devon and Cornwall structure plans, development plans and idea of helping Cornwall regain confidence Business Council was quoted as saying regeneration strategies, but precious little and self-determination. I would argue that it "There is a danger of kidding ourselves seems to reflect this. is time to use more home-grown talent. What about how successful we are. with great All these changes are happening at an happened to the idea of Cornwall being a headlines about the Eden project. Rick Stein ever-increasing rate and one gets the "can-do" region? and the tourist boom” . The paper pointed out impression that we are running to stand still. While I’ m on the subject o f positive that progress made in upgrading tourist To accommodate it all means a Cornwall discrimination - for that is something I am facilities and attracting more visitors lias that is not really Cornwall - or. at least, is advocating - what about the housing market? hardly dented the deep-rooted poverty devoid of most of the characteristics that Everybody agrees that the current housing caused by the loss of real wealth creating people associate with and value as being situation in relation to local people and local activity (mining being given as the principle Cornish. wages is a crisis. I would go further and say example) and the persistent problems There unfolds a dilemma - how can it’s a scandal - and while the growth of experienced by the farming and fishing Cornish distinctiveness and the Cornish holiday homes and executive housing industries. Sobering thoughts indeed. environment not be lost to the excesses of developments proliferate it will remain so. However. I don’t wish to dwell on the population growth and “ development"? You might think that schemes that use the success or otherwise of the Objective One Amidst all this road building, urbanisation, criteria of “ local connection” as a means of Programme, nor. indeed, o f any other sub-urbanisation, land-take and perpetual prioritising affordable housing applicants are specific regeneration programme. Instead. I inequality, sometimes linked to it and a good idea, but when you hear that to want to look at the broader picture of what is sometimes independent of it. is Cornwall's qualify as having a “ local connection" in happening to Cornwall and what sort of “ regeneration". What regeneration actually Penzance or I laylc. one lias merely to have future is evolving for Cornwall. Because the means is a somewhat puzzling question. been resident in the district fora minimum of sad truth is that, at the moment, Cornwall is Bodies such as the Regional Development only six months, then one's sense of reality being devoured before our very eyes and at Agency and the Objective One delivery starts to slip. an ever-increasing rate. machine seem to view it as purely economic Elsewhere at this conference the argument In 2003 the Countryside Agency published and tend to focus mainly on large-scale for a Cornish Assembly has been put something they called “The State o f the initiatives using criteria and application forward persuasively and, while it is an Countryside 2020”\vhich suggested that a processes that exclude or deter so many- argument that I support, it is not something I more long-term view of the future of the small-scale businesses and projects. Then we wish to discuss here today other than English countryside might be necessary if a have talk of “capacity building” and training “ Cornish solutions for Cornish problems" deteriorating social. economic and, and skills development. But when are we will not be achieved by bodies operating on particularly, environmental scenarios were going to co-ordinate training and the a huge South-West regional basis. to be avoided. It argued for a variety of more development of new industries so that the Cornwall and tourism seem to have gone sustainable policies and solutions to the one leads naturally into the other? hand-in-hand for a long time now but I problems of the 21st Century. How much Occasionally, the odd village hall project challenge the idea that tourism is - and can influence it had I don't know - in some ways might gel a look in, but by and large, the only be - the cornerstone of the Cornish it w as a rather bland document, focussing on social and recreational side of community economy: an idea that still dominates the generalisations and theoretical models, while life is ignored. economic agenda. The idea o f “ quality highlighting a few examples of current Be that as it may - the fact is that new tourism” with a stable and sustainable high- practice which were suggested as ideas regeneration initiatives seem to be spending visitor level, the proceeds of which which could be replicated elsewhere. But it parachuted into Cornwall almost on a daily remain in and benefit Cornwall, seem just lacked any real sense o f urgency. basis, often with scant regard for each other that - an idea. I think it is time we took a long, hard look and what may already be happening. Not Much o f this sort of tiling is often called at Cornwall's future. What wail Cornwall surprisingly, amongst such a variety of progress by those that preside over it. But it look like in 2020 if current trends and programmes there arc some that are more is not. It is simply change - and frequently policies continue? What have we seen beneficial than others - and some have made not for the belter. I happily concede that happening over the last 20 years or so and measurable differences that are positive. Yet success stories are taking place in Cornwall where is this taking us? too many suffer from inflexible or hut they are not enough to hide the fact that Rapid in-migration led population growth inappropriate criteria and excessive some things have gone horribly wrong and has beset us hand-in-hand with more traffic, beaurocracy. Driven by prescriptive output are continuing to do so. more roads, escalating house prices, shoddy- targets, they often operate outside a Cornish I don't have solutions to all these problems developments tacked onto the edge of old context, despite all the fuss about Cornish although you w ill have heard some villages without any regard for the local “ distinctiveness". suggestions at the various sessions that have taken place at this conference. What I have come here today with is a warning that will encourage people to seriously consider what kind of a future is being created for us, to actually be able to visualise what Cornwall may look like in 2020 and, as a result, to question what is being shoved down our throats and press for change. One of the great dishonesties of our time is the misuse o f the phrase "sustainable development”, often worked in to the same old weary strategies and policies in an attempt to give them some sort o f legitimacy. 1 believe that wc arc still in a position to create a 21st Century Cornwall that is a model of sustainable practice, that is a blueprint of a green economy for other undeveloped areas to aspire to. but that opportunity will soon be lost to us if we go on as we arc. Sustainability needs to be addressed seriously and. in order to do so: some hard and potentially unpopular decisions need to be made. We need to move away from litis obsession with tourism and the low-paid, seasonal jobs that go with it. We need to think less in terms of economic growth and more in terms of real sustainability and look to quality jobs. We need to look at the long­ term impact of development and where precedents are being set that encourage the undesirable. We need to devise a set of priorities and be honest about where these conflict with each other - and we need the courage to challenge humbug, to challenge things that are not in Cornwall's interests, even when this is difficult to do. Why. for example, is Cornwall considered a region when ii comes to accessing Objective One funding but lumped in with a wider South- West region for other purposes? I low many public enquiries and consultations are. frankly, stitch-ups with no real democratic legitimacy? It is certainly true that more people arc beginning to question the w isdom of current policies and the powers that be as shown in the increasing number of critical letters In the C’ornish newspapers. These are, however, still minority groups and are often no more than a thorn in the side of those bulldozing their own self-interested or ill- thought-out agendas through the Cornish Countryside. As I said earlier, it is not my purpose to provide answers to all the ills that 1 have highlighted today - that is something for all of us to do. But I do hope that this may he v ¡cued as a wake-up call so that a genuinely better future for Cornwall can be delivered - and before we all feel like Lite author of a recent letter in the 'Comishman? complaining that the dreary and unimaginative developments proposed for Penzanee were "enough to make you w ant to move to England". Peter Burton

C am l {J lesli y chellvane. goaill ymmyd jell coorse er Iheh va jeant son y chellvane. Saase elley, shen d'ymmydey eo-earrooderyn lesh eullee ta cur yn ahlid dhyt d'akin as d'eaishtagh rish M ännin yn ynseyder. Blein ny ghaa er dy henney, va'n chullee costyllagh dy liooar. agh nish t'ee costal foddey ny sloo. Ta'n chullee shoh ry gheddyn myr red ta bunnys cadjin ayns co- earrooderyn ta goll er creek ish da'n theay. Er Aghtyn noa ry hoi gynsaghey chengaghyn Ihimmey jeh’n Ghaelg Albinagh, ta ny hAlbinee gymmydey Iheid y chullee slioli d'ynsaghey cooishyn dy liooar da ynseydee ta cummal ayns ny li-ellanyn as huill elley Feiy ny cruinney, by vie lesh sleih feddyn shin laccai erskyn ooilley. C ’red oddys mayd raad nagh vcl ynseyderyn cooie ry aghtyn aasliagh ry boi gynsaghey jannoo, myr shen? Ta reddyn dy liooar jeant gheddyn.Shegin da C'elliee elley goaill yn chengaghyn as sioo clley. Son y chooid Itannah, agli cha nel monney geill currii da. obbvr shoh ayns lane. smoo, dia nel y Iheid ayn as shegin dhyt Bare lesh y chooid smoo dy leih goll er, gobbraghey creoi dy liooar. Agh my t’ou jannoo reddyn myr v ’ad ayns ny shenn Summary laccai loayrl chengey elley, cha nel eh f'eeu lagliyn. As ta mish bene myr shen neesht. There's a pressing need for Celts to take dy ve boirit ec grammeydys ironie car y traa. Cha nel mee gra dy Ihisagh shin ceau shenn advantage o f new developments in language grammeydys nagh sei goll er livrey hood sy aghtyn ersooyl ny keayrtyn. t'ad ny share na teaching and overcome the natural tendency chengey t'ou laccai loayrt. My t’ou shenn dy aghtyn noa. T ’eh scanshoil dy hoiggal dy by to stick entirely too old methods, good liooar, fbddee dy vel cooinaghtyn ayd er vie lesh gagh peiagh gynsaghey chengey though some of these are. The greatest need gynsaghey Frangisi! sy scoili risii bleeantyn. elley er vii aght share leshyn ny Iheeish. is felt hr those, young and old, who cannot Lurg shen, cha dod oo gra agh l'ockle ny jees Foddee sleih ennagh troggal seose lioar- lo r don 7 want to) attend conventional ayns Frangisi!, agh foddee dy rosv gramtneydys as gynsaghey chengey elley dy classes, or where no such classes exist. Good grammeydys dy liooar ayd. As ta’n Iheid tappee. Paarl dy leih. foddee ad gynsaghey examples are being set in Scotland with the toast taghyrt. As er agili cimagli, sy choarys- loayrt dy mie cr yn aght shoh. Agh er Ihiam use of telephone classes and video- ynsee Sostnagh, foddee dy vel reddyn ny nagh vel monney sleih ayn la goll risii shen. conferencing. smessey. Ta Irimmid currii da’ 11 chengey T'eli jeeaghyn dy vel y chooid smoo dy leih Brian Stow ell loayril kiari dy liooar as s'niie shen. agh dy shirrey raaghyn ymmydoil sy chengey noa, mennick cha nel studeyryn geddyn greim er as t'eh mie dy liooar dauesyn y grammeydys grammeydys ny struglitoor erbee jeh’n ynsaghey liorish ny raaghyn shen. T'eh grait chengey t'ad pronai d’ynsaghey.Ayns ny dy vel saase-ynsee enmyssit (T.ynsagh siyrit1 cheeraghyn Celliagh, la'n chooish sholi feer speeideilagh lesh ynseydee dy liooar. ANTHONY LEW IS scanslioil. Ta sliin geearree eliminai seose as Floshiaght, la ynseydee goaill tea ayns 15th April I 937 - 8th November 2005 aavioghey ny chengaghyn ain. agh t'eh caairyn souyr ayns boayl taitnyssagh lesh doillee dy ghreinnaghey sleih ny blaaghyn as jallooyn aalin. Ta ny h- chengaghyn shen y loayrt. Surrys enn ny ynseydee cheet dy ve lhaggit liorish taym brastyllyn shen (erskyn ooilley lesh sleih ennal dy dowin. Eislit. t'ad geaishtagh rish meer jeh skeeal la goll er Ihaih magli sy shinney) raad la sleih ro fallagli dy ghia chengey noa as kiaull classicagh meein goll nionncy ayns y chengey t'ad gynsaghey. ga er cloie CEcheu-heear' jeh'n Ihaihys. T'ad dy vel fys dy liooar oc er y chengey shen. geaishtagh risii y veer jeh'n skeeal kuse dy Myr la ny Yernee gra. (Ebeti chengey y cheayrtyn inarish kiaull meein. ny keayrtyn loayrt, beaynid ee y screeu. Share Ihiam bea. marish y chied chengey oc. Shegin da ny er Ihiam.Yn aght share d’ynsaghey yhengev studeyryn ve ayns stayd lhaggit dy glieddyn (dy loayrt. screeu as Ihaili). shen gynsaghey foays ass shoh. T ’eh grait dy vel studeyryn trooid y chengey bene, as la reddyn mie goll gynsaghey dy tappee er yn aghi shoh. T'eh er jannoo nisli bentyn risii shen ayns ny credjii dy vel y kiaull feer foaysagh ry boi cheeraghyn Celliagh.. Agh ta rum paitchyn gynsaghey. ayn nagh vod goll gys scoillyn raad t'ad Ec yn un cheayrl, ta ram reddyn bentyn rish gynsaghey trooid chengey Cheltiagh. As ere ny saaseyn-ynsee OEnoa' veagh peiagh erbee mysh ny paarantyn jeh ny paitchyn la goll jannoo as kecall ennagh ecliey ny eck. Myr gys scoillyn raad t'ad gynsagahey trooid sampleyr, ny bee kinjagh kiartaghey chengey Cheltiagh? Dy mennick, cha nel y studeyryn ta jannoo marranyn. Shegin chengey shen ec ny paarantyn. Cre mysh y kiartaghey marranyn er aghtyn feer veein er sleih aasit ta geearree geddyn greim er agglc dy Jean studeyryn coayl cree. Jean chengey Cheltiagh? Mennick dy liooar, cha giense taitnyssagh ass y vrastyl my ta taitnys nod ad goll gys brastyllyn-oie. er nonney ayn, lice sleih gynsaghey. My la baggyrt ayn, bare lliieu gynsaghey er aght elley. Cha cha jean ad gynsaghey. As gow ymmyd jeh'n nodmayd gra dy elici leeragh dy by vie lesh chengey la goll cr ynsaghey. Agh cha nel gagli peiagh goll gys brastyl-oie. As. atreih. shoh cooney Ihieusyn nagh vod goll gys nagh mennick ta Iheid ny brastyllyn shen brastyllyn. T'eh jeeaghyn dy vel ad goaill This is not a political story, but it is the goll er stiurey ec ynseyderyn ta currii da'n ymmyd jeh saaseyn noa ayns Nalbin cour story of a political man. Politics is, in chengey, agh cha nel ad ro vie myr gynsaghey Gaelg Albinagh, saaseyn vees essence, an interest in human affairs; an ynseyderyn. Red elley, bee fys dy liooar ec cooie dauesyn la gynsaghey ec y lliie. Myr active participation in society, a belief that sleih er brastyllyn-oie ta gobbraghey myr sampleyr, ynseyder gynsaghey yn chengey action will make the world, or at least part of clubbyn-sheshoil. Cha nel shen ny red olk, da tree studeyryn as la'n kiare jeu ooilley it, a better place. To be political means agh dy firrinagh cha nel eh croo Loayrtee ayns ny thieyn oc hene. T'ad jannoo shoh courting controversy. Idealism always brings flaaoil feervennick, as she loayrtee flaaoil ta opposition, and so it was with Tony. But this interesting newcomer, with a history of is about the private person - a man who was nationalist activity, recounted in his charismatic, intelligent, witty and charming. inimitable style, was bound to make an llliam Dhone Brought up in a working class family in immediate impact in a small Island Usk, he suffered sporadic ill health even in community, whose Manx identity was also his early years and attended school under threat at the time. Remembered irregularly. Sport was not his forte: he was a He indulged in his many interests - oil his musical and artistic child, who enjoyed catamaran "Ashlish Cheltiagh', which he playing his violin in competitions in kept in Peel harbour, he went on frequent Eistedfoddau. He had a deep and abiding sallies round the Island or to Ireland. Music passion for. and knowledge of. Welsh remained a source of great joy. whether history, identifying with past heroes who classical or Celtic - he enjoyed combining fought for Welsh independence from ihe two, often playing at breakneck speed, England. Owain Glyndwr became his alter much to the exasperation of his fellow ego. in a world based on the stuff of legend. musicians in a pub session. He became quite While he never spoke Welsh fluently, as frustrated when playing his guitar - he Usk is an English dominated area of the always had to read the music, in contrast to country, in an era before Welsh became an the ease o f learning new tunes by ear on his option in schools, he learned the language as liddle. but he never slopped playing - an adult, acquiring a wide vocabulary, and clarinet, harp, guitar, and any other could read and write it. interesting instrument which came to hand. When he lirst started work it was in a Holidays, mainly to Europe, provided him nursery, where he began to learn his vast with chances to visit historic places which lie array o f plant lore. Gardens remained an had read about or seen on T V . which he then abiding interest, and he could transform the recorded on his video camera. Photographic most dismal weed-choked patch of ground recording was always important to him and This new sculpture of lliam Dhone into a colourful, fragrant, flower tilled water was an example of where he loved also known as William Christian is garden, a pleasure to the senses. technology for w hat he could achieve w ith it. displayed in Malew Church. The His National Service in the R A F took him He loaded his hand - built model gliders w ith sculpture was designed by local artist to Germany, near the border with Holland. tiny cameras and took aerial Shots of the Isle Byran Kneale — the plaque He learned German and Dutch and spoke o f Man from his favourite locations. Flying a underneath the sculpture states; both well, still reading his German books glider gave him the freedom to soar through here lies llliam Dhone — most nights right up to his death. 11 is reading the skies as did the eagles of his imagination. William Christian of Ronaldsway matter was not always politically correct by Il-ltealth led to his decision to return to the shot to death at Hango Hill, today's mores, but conformity was not one land of his birth, but he always regretted 2nd January 1663. of Tony’s characteristics.. He may well have leaving his adopted home and returned to the stayed in Germany, but instead came back to Isle of Man for frequent visits. His vision of Wales, now fully realising his Welsh tt Celtic future w as partly achieved with the The annual ceremony to remember the identity, having been the target of Taffy' advent of devolution for Wales and Scotland, execution of Manx martyr, llliam Dhone, jokes in the air force. but lie was never a figure of compromise in in 1663, took place at Hango Hill the site From his early employment as a bus driver, nationalist politics, and remained conv inced of his execution on 2nd January. Before lie turned to more creative pursuits, that full independence was the only true the ceremony a commemorative plaque becoming a self-taught silver and gold smith destiny of Wales. will be unveiled at Malew Church where a and setting up a jew ellery business, a He was a caring and thoughtful man. in service is held each year following the profession he developed from a love of early spile of his reputation for militancy. The Free ceremony. But why the Church? Celtic art, with its swirling and flowing Wales Army used propaganda to brilliant Undoubtedly it is the place at which interlace, lo the later Celtic influence of effect, but Tony despised gratuitous Dhone's remains were laid to rest. Archibald Knox, the Manx Art Nouveau violence, lie had a natural inclination to However, many years ago the call was designer for Liberty's, whose work he saw showmanship, with a passion for pageantry, made for a more significant and admired when lie came to live in the Isle line materials and design in all lie did. 11 is commemorative monument to be placed of Man. Fistedfodd crowns are all individual works at the hill (the site currently has a simple 11 is political activism w ith the Free Wales of art: his stitched and hand painted banners concrete stone with an information Army and its offshoots in the 60s and 70s led are testimonials to his knowledge of the plaque). The decision to unveil this to his arrest and imprisonment, along with symbolism of heraldry and to his quest for monument on the day of his execution his co-fighters for the cause o f an perfection in his crafts, as are all his uniforms begs the question why not a monument at independent Wales. His experiences of and medals. Beauty and order attracted him. the site where the evil of his execution solitary conlinemcni in 1069 reinforced his while he was repelled by the ugly facets of was carried out? desire for freedom in the political, physical society. He disliked the mundane, anil every The event is co-organised by Mec Vannin and emotional senses, and the friendships day found something new. amusing and and the Manx branch of the Celtic League. formed during these years remained with interesting, living life to the full. Phillip Gawne MHK, current minister for him for the rest of his life. The word unique is heavily overused, hut it agriculture in the Island, gave the Manx Tony lirst came to the Isle of Man to sell is the only word for him. When will we see oration and former agriculture minister Bill his jewellery, as he had heard of Yn your like again?' Henderson MHK gave the English oration. Chruinnaght lnter-C'cltic Festival, where he Ore vie, charrey ennoi! my ehree. l\'os da. The speeches are available in the set out his stall and then decided to stay on. Mec Vannin newssheet "Yn Pabyr Naturally gregarious, he talked w ith and Fiona Ben Vic A nile Seyr" available on-line at: made friendships w ith many Manx people, http://www.manxman.co.im/mecvan/paby both native and 'comeovers'. and opened his r/yps36.pdf shop 'Celtic Gold' in Peel. Such an Pioneering Scots Celtica find way of slowing global

The Celtic League for the Environment Campaign warming

Stocks o f north Atlantic deepwater sharks discarded nets on the sea bed, which A team of Scottish scientists in Aberdeen have fallen to around 20% o f original level, continue to kill fish and sharks. have developed a way o f substantially reduc­ says a report by a group o f Irish, Norwegian Leafscale gulper shark and Portuguese ing the methane gas emissions produced by and British scientists, published last dogfish have also been seriously affected, cattle, a major contributor to global warm­ September. numbers o f which have fallen by 80% in 10 ing. The deepwater shark recognised to be years. The world conservation union have The scientists at the Rowctt Research among the most vulnerable fish species classified these animals on the Red List as Institute claim that by changing the diet of known in the north Atlantic is being fished endangered. cows they are able to cut emissions by up to by the gill net fishery for deep water shark, The fishing boats, registered in the U K , are 70%. to the point where it represents a serious owned by mainly Spanish companies who Although carbon dioxide gas is no doubt threat to future stocks. fish the waters near St. Kilda. the islet of the biggest contributor to climate change, The report slates that the ‘current level of Rockall and the area west of the Hebrides in researchers claim that cattle worldwide pro­ effort seems far in excess of what could be Scotland. duce up to 14% of all global methane gas considered sustainable.' Dominic Rihan of Mr Rihan points out that 'the only emissions, which has 23 times the global the Irish Fisheries Board said that 'll is quite regulations that apply are on mesh size and warming potential of Carbon Dioxide. With frightening what they are doing. Each boat is quotas. There is no regulation on the amount over 1.4 billion cows in the world and each probably landing about 100 tonnes o f shark a of fishing gear they can use. There is serious cow producing up to 500 litres of methane trip. They are also discarding vast amounts. un-reporting o f catches. It is madness.' every day, that's a lot of gas! This is big business. Something needs to be file authors of the report state that ‘There The researchers have developed a bacteri­ done urgently.' seems to be deep reluctance to talk about this um at the Institute that is based on fumaric According to the Irish Fisheries Board, the fishery, in fact almost an unwritten law of acid, a naturally occurring chemical essential gill nets are dropped overboard for between silence seems to exist.' to respiration of animal and vegetable tis­ 3 and 10 days at a time and then retrieved The Celtic League for the Environment sues. By introducing this into the cow's diet, weeks or even months later. Up to 18 miles (C L E ) urges all Celtic League branches to along with a food additive and a mixture of of net is thought to be discarded during each write to their respective fisheries ministers organic sugars the treatment would have a trip. In one recent survey an Irish Fisheries and MP's demanding that an effective way significant impact on cutting green house gas Board vessel hauled up 24 miles of of tackling these issues is found emissions. abandoned net and claimed that a further ISO immediately. Scotland has a greater concentration of miles of abandoned net had been found. Rhisiart Tal-e-bot agriculture than in other counties and cows Consequently a death trap is created by these are responsible for producing 46% o f all methane emissions. In addition, the problem of flatulence from cows is an expensive one for farmers as between 9% and 12% of the energy that a cow consumes is converted INJUNCTION! A NEW BOOK into methane depending on certain condi­ tions. This means that traditionally 10% of THE DUBLIN AND cattle feed is wasted in producing methane, MONAGHAN BOMBINGS instead of milk or beef. Rhisiart tai-e-bot By journalist Joe Tiernan

In 1093 former R T E journalist, Joe Tiernan researched a documentary for Yorkshire Television on the Dublin and Monaghan Celtic Art bombings. Granada T V (who own Yorkshire) attempted to prevent the Cards publication of this startling new book and publishers Mercier Press have pulled out of publication. from Includes full details o f the Dundalk bombing o f 1975 and Castleblayney Northampton Connolly bombing o f 1976. Association, 5 Woodland Avenue. The book is now published by the author: A bington, For Further Information contact: +353 86 367 9300 Northampton NN3 2BY E Mail: duhlinmonagljanffl eircom.net JOE TIERNAN e n g la n d . faster and easier and would open the door to a real cultural exchange, and at the same time Conference of Stateless Nations would prevent the formation of ghettoes.

d) Stateless nations, being us they are of Europe 2005 receivers of new immigration, should have the political power to implement policies Mark Kermode, Celtic League Assistant General Secretary, attended the 17 Assembly o f through their public institutions. Immigrants, the Conference o f Stateless Nations o f Europe (CONSEU), held in Barcelona. 3rd o f then, could be received as members of October 2005. A fter examining and discussing the topic “New immigration and stateless distinctive peoples rather than simply nations in Europe: challenges and solutions" the following considerations were drawn up. members of a determinate stale. e) Language plays a very important role in a) Even though migration flows constitute c) Denounce the stateless nations' lack of the life of the community and is one of the a traditional phenomenon in the European political power to implement policies key elements to foster the relationship continent, the causes that provoke them are regarding the migration phenomenon or to between receivers and newcomers. In the new. Nowadays, the number of immigrants manage immigration itself, given the fact that context of the stateless nations: arriving to Europe is increasing considerably the Stales keep for themselves lull power to f) The language o f the nation must be a due to three major reasons. Firstly because legislate, regardless of the guidelines drawn socialisation tool, a link amongst speakers of the differences between the North and the by the European institutions. different languages and the common South have never been so deep. Secondly, language of those who share a territory and because of the frantic exploitation of the want to build a community based on respect. resources carried out by the Northern Therefore, it must also be the language of countries in the areas where immigrants education, institutional communications and come from. And in the third place due to the ifwfe atensd new technologies. globalisation of communications and p eo p les information. g) Immigrants should be informed about the “real" country they have migrated to, b) This situation is not being In order to face the challenges o f what is the language and the culture of the counterbalanced by effective European migration, which are also affecting us, the territory. Ibis is particularly important in cooperation policies with appropriate means participants of the COSSEC, being as we stateless nations w ith languages minoritised and resources and able to foster a sustainable are citizens o f stateless nations, have by state policies. They should also be economical and social development in the concluded that: informed about the real causes of language immigrant's countries o f origin. Moreover, fragmentation, impoverishment and when arriving to Europe, the immigrants' a) If. in accordance with the Universal minorisation. conditions worsen because they face Declaration of Human Rights, everyone has accommodation difficulties and need to the right to a nationality and no one can be h) Information programmes should be regularize their working status even though denied the right to change it. ibis principle launched in order to make the newcomers see the working market is actually demanding should also he applied to immigrants. Their the need to contribute to the nation-building more labour hand. individual rights must be combined with process through language. To do so. the their right and duty to become members of members of the stateless nation must set a 3) Jn this context, those who ultimately the new community. Ii is not about imposing good example using the common language suffer the causes and consequences of integration or assimilation upon immigrants: everywhere and w ithout shifting to the most emigration are members o f excluded and it is about inviting them to participate in a powerful. persecuted peoples in their native territories project of collective life. It must be i) Promoting the teaching and usage of the for their belonging to linguistic and cultural reminded, though, that this participation w ill language is crucial. In this process, national minoritised communities. In general terms, be a fact if the recoiling members o f the institutions if they exist-, social movements these people are not received in the new society and the newcomers respect each and civil society must play a very important countries as members of dow ntrodden other for what they are. regardless of w bother role in making the endangered language peoples deserving special attention but as they are recognised at a state level or not. more prestigious and counterbalance the merely citizens o f the stales that keep them The recognition o f the immigrant for what pow er of the state language w hich could be oppressed and. in the best o f eases, as he/slte is constitutes the fundamental basis official or co-official in the national territory. victims of restrictive immigration laws for the newcomer to acknowledge the instead of full citizens with full rights. receiving society for w hat it is. j) European institutions should distinguish between language policies to be b) The immigrant must have the right to Consequently, the participants o f the 17 implemented in minoritised communities and Assembly o f the CONSEU: contribute to the enrichment and those addressed to groups of immigrants with configuration of the collective life through different languages. This should be so a) Demand, in accordance w ith articles 15- their countries’ cultural knowledge They because the indigenous languages are the 18 of the Universal Declaration of the must also have the right to vote in the result of Individual and collective rights of Collective Rights of Peoples (which elections that might affect him directly, a people living in a territorial community, constitutes the basic doctrine o f the previous step to fully participate in the new whereas the languages of the immigrants C O N SEU ). respect for the rights o f peoples society's political life. and individuals, specially those excluded must be placed in the field of indix ¡dual both for their poverty and for the lack of c) The reciprocal respect between rights since the speakers are not living in the recognition of their rights as a distinctive newcomers and receivers must he favoured territory where the collective rights should he people. by the civil society, which should provide applied. itself with appropriate organisations to Finally, the participants of the VI Assembly b) Commit ourselves to collaborate in approach the immigrants and help them to agreed that the theme for the V II Assembly projects aiming at improving the socio­ get documents of residence and work papers, in 2006 would be “Proposais by stateless economic conditions of the migrant's healthcare, accommodation, etc. Good nations on the reform o f the international countries li\ ing-standards would make their adaptation organisations (V S and others)". Rebuilding the Celtic Languages / Diarmuid Ô Neill Membership and First comprehensive attempt to apply the Fishman GIDS scale to the Celtic Subscriptions languages The aim is not only to explore the strengthening of existing All those who agree with the constitution Celtic language communities and and aims of the Celtic League are eligible Celtic-speaking networks in the six for membership. The membership/ Celtic countries but also to explore subscription rates (including C a m ) are: how the Celtic languages can be 23.00. Sterling £13.50. re-established on a much wider scale Europe (airmail) £17.00. than is presently the case. Outside Europe £20.00. USS30.00 Edited by Canadian Diarmuid 6 Neill (US funds, cheques drawn on a US bank). and includes contributions by prominent Celtic sociolinguists For information about the Celtic including Colin Williams, Marcel League contact secretaries: Texier, Pawl Birt, Kenneth MacKinnon and Brian Stowell. Foreward by Joshua A LB A . Iain Ramsay, 22 Denholme Fishman. Gardens. Greenock, PA16 6RF. This book will be available for sale in Scotland the Celtic countries in new year, in the B R EIZ H Jakez Derouet, 10. Ar meantime it can be purchased from Verouri-Nevcz. 297(H) Ploveilh Y LoSfa’s Online Shop for £1 9.95 at (Plomelin). Breizh/Brittany. http://www.ylolfa. com C Y M R U Robat ap Toinos. 11 Heol Gordon. Y Rhath, Caerdydd. CF2 3AJ. E IR E Padraigin Mylevreeshey 33 Ceide na Grianoige. Rdth Cuil. Co. Atha Cliath. Tel- Eire (0) 14589795 Interested in Gaelic? KERNOVV Chris Webber. 31, Make it part of your Tresavean Estate. LunnerMoor. Lanner. Redruth. T R 1 6 6JG future too... MANN1N Cristl Jerry. 6 Glenfaba Road. Peel. Tel: UK (0) 1624 843869. EN G LA N D BRANCH Florence Kenna. 72 Compton Street, London. E C 1V Cli Gàidhlig Independent Scots read the OBN. ‘Scots Independent’ USA Margaret Sexton, c/o P.O. Box Quote this publication of a 20153, Dag Hammarshjold Postal free info pack from: Contact Centre. New York, NY 10017. Cli Gàidhlig 51 Cowane Street, Stirling FK 8 1JW INTERNATIONAL BRANCH Mark 3 Union Street, Inverness Alba/Scotland Lockerby. 12 Magherdonnag. Pony IVI 1 PP Scotland T elephone Fields, Port Erin, IM 9 6BY, Isle of Man. Stirling 01786 473523 + 44 ( 0)1463 226710 W ebsite GENERAL SECRETARY & P.R.O. www:cli.org.uk Email: [email protected] www.scotsindependent.org Bernard Moffatt. 11 Clciy Rhennee. Kirk Michael. Manmn. Tel - UK (0) 1624 8779IS celtic League ED I FOR Ms P. Itridson, 33 Ceide na American ‘Branch Griandige, Rath Cuil. Co. Atha Cliath, internet site Eire. http://www.manxman.co.im/cleague/ Internet Site E-mail: [email protected] Articles for C am should be e-mailed to E-maii General Secretary: www.celticleague.org the Editor. Appropriate photographs [email protected] should he sent with them. E-mail Assistant G.S. Material for the next issue of Cam [email protected] celtic league should reach the Editor no later than mid March 2006. Articles sent for publication przess ueLeases in Carn must relate to our aims. All International Branch materials copyright © Carn unless Internet Site Those who would like Celtic League press otherwise stated. The views expressed in releases via Electronic Mail can subscribe Carn are not necessarily those of the (free of charge) to the mailing list at: http://homepages, enterprise, net/miockerby editor or of the Celtic League. Email: International Branch Secretary [email protected] http://groups.yahoo.com/group/celtic_league ISSN 0257-7860

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