Restoration of Heritage Buildings and Colonial Towns As the Country's
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design heritage 01 Txxxxxxx Restoration of Heritage 02 xxxxxxxxx Buildings and Colonial Towns as the Country’s Cultural Inheritance 02 Heritage Sites, Local Wisdom and Historical Preservation Indonesia is blessed with an abundance of diverse cultural wealth, which can be seen 02 as the country’s heirloom. According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 11 of the year 2010 regarding Cultural Heritage, cultural heritage is a tangible inheritance that might come in the form of a cultural , , heritage object, a cultural heritage building, a cultural heritage structure, a cultural ARIN heritage site and a cultural heritage area d M which is located on land and/or in the water AHMA and needs to be preserved because it is 03 , R 01 historically, scientifically, and educationally PRILLIA valuable for the country in addition to A having a religious and cultural value. has undergone a cross-cultural transformation area of Kota Gede in Yogyakarta, Kampong ster , E To call something a part of our cultural that gives birth to cultural values between Betawi Heritage Site in Condet, Jakarta, and Human civilization is a humanistic process that comes in the form of culture and is expressed heritage, it needs to be stipulated by law, ethnic groups. An example of this can be seen the Machu Picchu site in Peru. through local wisdom. Local wisdom can be explained as a creative adaptation towards the with the criteria as follows: at least 50 years in Indonesia’s own local wisdom, which is The destruction of some European ehemahita geographical, political, historical and situational condition which is seen through a person’s H of age; has a special historical, scientific, reflected in the country’s motto of “Bhinneka cities as a result of the World War II was OF attitude, mindset and behavior in managing his environment. According to Sartini (2006), there educational, religious and/or cultural value; Tunggal Ika.” widely considered as the ruin of the center rtesy and has a cultural value that strengthens the A city has its own local wisdom that of civilization, which had initiated people’s u are several functions of local wisdom, namely for the conservation and preservation of natural O identity of the country. reflects human values as a cultural process awareness about the importance of preserving C resources, the development of human resources as well as for the advancement of culture and According to Suyono Sukanto in that rises from a civilization, one that is passed history. Historical preservation is a dynamic hotos “Revitalization of Local Wisdom and the on as a fundamental legacy that goes with effort to protect, preserve, develop and utilize education. It can also serve as advice, belief, literature and taboo that guide a community, and hold ) P Efforts to Strengthen the National Identity the future development of the city. A city’s historical buildings, sites and areas through LEFT a social value, as evident in the ceremonies they conduct, in addition to ethical, moral and political of Indonesia” which was published by the local wisdom represents the identity and conservation, rehabilitation, reconstruction, values of the community. top Republic of Indonesia’s Ministry of Education honour of the people/nation that needs to be restoration, revitalization and adaptive reuse and Culture, local wisdom can be seen as protected, upheld, preserved and developed. efforts. These efforts are aimed at parts and the identity of a country, especially in the Some examples of a heritage site or area that sectors of a city, city and village centers, and STORY BY Martono Yuwono context of Indonesia where local wisdom possesses a local wisdom include the old city also natural sceneries and their surroundings (CLOCKWISE FROM FROM (CLOCKWISE 174 | PRODUCT DESIGNS PRODUCT DESIGNS | 175 design heritage 04 03 xxxxx that people will not feel alienated about 04 xxxxxx their history, and also give them a sense 05 xxxxxxx of belonging and pride which is needed in 06 xxxxxxxx building a future spirit of the city. This is the main issue in the preservation of heritage buildings and sites, especially in colonial 03 buildings and cities and especially when we associate that with the fact that the country’s local wisdoms are generally in disconnect. This is a tragedy of our social life that we must face as an anomaly in the history of city development. This is also something that we must work on. Raphael Lemkin in the “Introduction to the Study of Genocide,” 1948, states that “Colonialism cannot be left without blame.” 05 The Characteristics of Colonial Cities and The Governor- Buildings in Indonesia General of the dutch East Indies, Herman Willem Colonial cities are those built by the daendels (1808-1811), colonialists, especially the dutch who for had a large influence centuries had occupied Indonesia. These cities which have historical, humanistic and Another effect of the colonialization is the in the development of the cities of Batavia were usually dominated by a defense fortress civilization values, as stated in the 1975 repressed character of the people as well as (Jakarta today) and Surabaya, as well as in and were later turned into trading hubs, declaration of Amsterdam. a minority complex, a latent trait that the the colonial-style architecture seen in the governing cities of the East Indies and then According to uNESCO, a heritage site is people of this country still carry even today. East Indies throughout the 19th century, places to live for the dutch people. Jayakarta, “a group of buildings: Group of separate or This predisposition began with a radical even though his rule was relatively short. His which was established by Fatahillah, was connected buildings, which because of their change achieved through the destruction arrogant and firm governance style managed destroyed by the VOC and on top of it they architecture, their homogeneity or their place of large ports across the archipelago before to revive the pride of the dutch as a major built the VOC city fortress that was designed in landscape, are of outstanding universal being forcefully turned into colonial cities colonial force at that time and in effect as a copy of the city of Amsterdam. Other value from the point of view of history, art or during the VOC era, such as the eradication diminished the influence of the traditional examples are Fort Roterdam in Makassar and ICKY science” (uNESCO, Convention Concerning the of Jayakarta and the establishment of Javanese architecture which was beginning V Fort van der Wijk in Gombong. In total, there EJAK 06 Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Batavia (Jakarta today) in its place. The to be adapted by dutch aristocrats for their , J were around 300 defense fortresses built by Heritage, 1987). same thing could be seen in Makassar, buildings in the late 18th century, including the VOC during their occupancy in Indonesia. Semarang, and many other ports throughout housing compounds that would later be These strongholds were used as a defense the archipelago. This phenomenon was known as ‘Indies Style Country House’ or EOGRAPHIC 1941 stated, “These cities do not reflect the cities throughout Indonesia without any further line to guard the cities from attacks by local The Dilemma of Restoring G exacerbated during the East Indies occupation ‘Transitional dutch Indies Country House.’. lifestyle of a city that can be seen in typical thoughts, without realizing or caring whether guerillas and foreign forces. Historical Buildings and with the enforcement of the Cultivation The arrival of daendels prompted the European cities. These cities are merely an the spirit of place, or genius loci, is there. We In turn, these VOC strongholds grew ational Old Colonial Cities in System (Cultuurstelsel) in 1830, which led emergence of the architecture style known as , N amalgamation of several ethnic tribes who also couldn’t care less about local wisdoms, as modern cities by putting forward the Indonesia to the development of plantation towns. the ‘Indische Empire’ with classical columns inhabit nearby villages. These cities do not which are actually the basic need of the people principal of efficiency, in line with the AMCORA and fully symmetrical layout, an adaptation S possess an organic unanimity with the local to develop a city as a cultural process. Indeed, Then during the “privatization” era in 1870, 06 industrial revolution of the 18th century OF It is believed that our ancestors were valiant trade cities, mining towns and harbour of the French Empire style that was adjusted people, nor with the tradition and history of it is wise to use de Longh’s statement as a Europe that escalated hand-in-hand with the seafarers who in their glory days managed to towns were built. As a criticism against the to suit the climate and lifestyle of the East rtesy the places where they are built. These cities wake-up call for us to immediately conduct an capitalism-industrialism system. The cities u sail around the islands of Asia and Africa. This Cultivation System, the “dutch ethical policy” Indies people. This style was developed in the O are centres for social and cultural activities evaluation regarding city development in this burgeoned in the privatization era after 1870 C is evident in the characteristic of the old ports began in 1901, recognising the colonialist’s East Indies throughout the 19th century, as but not for the local community (inlanders). country, as well as to plan an urgent cultural to facilitate plantation projects and after that reflect the might of kingdoms/sultanates moral responsibility for the wellbeing of mentioned by Hadinoto in his work, “daendels hotos For them, these cities are places that are strategy. the introduction of the dutch ethical policy ) P in our naval Archipelago.