DOCSLIB.ORG

Survival Among the Kurds Also by John S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Survival Among the Kurds Also by John S Survival Among the Kurds Also by john S. Guest The Euphrates Expedition Survival Among the Kurds A History of the Yezidis John S. Guest ~ ~~~~~~n~~~up LONDON AND NEW YORK First published in I993 by Kegan Paul International This edition first published in 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OXI4 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint ofthe Taylor & Francis Group, an itiforma business ©JohnS. Guest I987, I993 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 10: 0-7103-0456-0 (hbk) ISBN 13:978-0-7103-0456-8 (hbk) Publisher's Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. The publisher has made every effort to contact original copyright holders and would welcome correspondence from those they have been unable to trace. To Margaret Contents List of Illustrations IX Preface to the Revised Edition xiii Chapter 1 Antecedents Chapter 2 Sheikh Adi and His Order 15 Chapter 3 The Y ezidi Religion 29 Chapter 4 Early Encounters with the Outside World 44 Chapter 5 Prisoners on a Sinking Ship 62 Chapter 6 English-speaking Missionaries and Explorers 76 Chapter 7 Rassam and Layard 86 Chapter 8 The Tribulations of Mir Hussein Beg 108 Chapter 9 Abdul Hamid and the Y ezidis 124 Chapter 10 The Publication of the Sacred Books 146 Chapter 11 Brother and Sister 164 Chapter 12 The Epoch of Mayan Khatun 176 Chapter 13 The Y ezidis in Transcaucasia 193 Epilogue 204 Appendix I The Yezidi Sacred Books and Sheikh Adi's Hymn 207 Appendix II Texts of the Yezidi Letters to the Grand Vizier and Sir Stratford Canning 215 Appendix II An Interview with Yezidi Religious Leaders 219 Abbreviations 229 Chapter Notes 231 Bibliography 271 Chol Family Genealogy 304 Index 307 List of Illustrations Abbreviations BL The British Library Board LC Library of Congress, Washington, DC. NPG National Portrait Gallery NYPL The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations RGS Royal Geographical Society UNT The University of Newcastle upon Tyne Plates (facing p. 206) Khirbet Qanafar (formerly Beit Far), Lebanon, 1977, Pere J. M. Fiey, OP. 2 Diyarbakir, eastern Turkey, 1903, Captain L. E. Hopkins, RE. (Photo: RGS) 3 Mardin, southeastern Turkey, 1889. (Photo: Missionary Herald, vol. 85, 1889) 4 Mosul, Iraq, circa 1850, F. C. Cooper. (Photo: Rev. George Percy Badger, The Nestorians and their Rituals) 5 Yezidi Sanctuary at Lalish, 1850, Robert Clive. (Photo: Robert Clive, Sketches between the Persian Gulf & Black Sea, BL) 6 (a Detailed Plan and Site Plan of Lalish Sanctuary, 1911, Walter and Bachmann. (Photo: Walter Bachmann, Kirchen und Moscheen in b) Armenien und Kurdistan (Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft Wiss. Veroff., vol. 25), Oriental Division, NYPL) 7 Lalish Sanctuary: mulberry trees in outer courtyard, 1992, J. S. Guest. 8 Lalish Sanctuary: pilgrims at entrance to inner courtyard, 1981, Naif Ekinci. 9 Lalish Sanctuary: detail of entrance gate, 1992, J. S. Guest. 10 Lalish Sancutary: west wall of inner courtyard, 1849, F. C. Cooper. (Photo: Badger, The Nestorians and their Rituals) IX List of Illustrations 11 Lalish Sanctuary: west side of inner courtyard, 1992. J. S. Guest. 12 Lalish Sanctuary: east wall of inner courtyard, 1849, F. C. Cooper. (Photo: Badger, The Nestorians and their Rituals) 13 Lalish Sanctuary: east wall of inner courtyard, 1886, Athelstan Riley. (Photo: Major J. R. C. Riley) 14 Lalish Sanctuary: east wall of inner courtyard, 1909, Gertrude Bell. (Photo: UNT) 15 Lalish Sanctuary: doorway into mausoleum of Sheikh Adi, 1978, Dr Dominique Collon. 16 Lalish Sanctuary: doorway into mausoleum of Sheikh Adi, 1992, Namik Durukan. 17 Lalish Sanctuary: detail of doorway into mausoleum of Sheikh Adi, 1992, J. S. Guest. 18 Lalish Sanctuary: old religious symbols on east wall of inner courtyard, 1992, J. S. Guest. 19 Lalish Sanctuary: tomb of Sheikh Abu '1-Barakat, 1992, Namik Durukan. 20 Lalish Sanctuary: curtain covering window into room containing tomb of Sheikh Adi, 1992, Namik Durukan. 21 Lalish Sanctuary: tomb of Sheikh Hasan, 1992, Namik Durukan. 22 Lalish Sanctuary: Tomb of Sheikh Adi, 1943, Dr Tim Gidal. 23 Lalish Sanctuary: Tomb of Sheikh Adi, 1989, Chris Ledger. (Photo: Maryland Public Television and Chris Ledger) 24 Lalish Sanctuary: tomb of Sheikh Abu Bekr, 1992, Namik Durukan. 25 Lalish: shrine of Sheikh Shems ed-Din, 1992, J. S. Guest. 26 Sanjak, Redwan, eastern Turkey, 1849, Henry Layard. (Photo: BL Add. MS 39096f. 13v) 27 Lasso, a blind Yezidi musician, 1820, C. J. Rich. (Photo: Constance M. Alexander, Baghdad in Bygone Days, General Research Division, NYPL) 28 Yezidi kawals, 1849, Henry Layard. (Photo: Austen H. Layard. Dis­ coveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon, Oriental Division, NYPL) 29 Yezidi kawals with the sanjak of Sinjar, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 30 The sanjak of Sheikhan, Bashika, 1850, Mrs G. P. Badger. (Photo: Badger, The Nestorians and their Rituals) 31 The sanjak of Sheikhan, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 32 Alleged sanjak owned by a Baghdad family, 1911. (Photo: Pere Anas­ tase Marie de Saint-Elie, OCD. 'La decouverte recente des deux livres sacres des Yezidis', Anthropos, vol. 6, 1911) X List of Illustrations 33 'The Queen and Lucifer-Worshippers: Her Majesty and a Treasure', 1911, S. Begg. (Photo: Illustrated London News Picture Library) 34 The horses of Hondaghsag, Soviet Armenia, 1967, Adriano Alpago­ Novello, Centro Studi e Documentazione della Cultura Aremena, Milan. (Photo: Documenti di Architettura Armena, eds Agopik and Armen Manoukian, vol. 2, Khatchkar, General Research Division, NYPL) 35 Modern Yezidi tomb, Hoktemberian, Armenia, 1992, Robert A. Mit- chell. 36 Mausoleum of Zein ed-Din Yusuf, Cairo, 1981, J. S. Guest. 37 Henry Layard in the 1830s, William Brockedon. (Photo: NPG) 38 Christian Rassam, 1838, William Brockedon. (Photo: NPG) 39 Asahel Grant, MD, daguerrotype 1841, autograph 1844, engraved by L. S. Punderson. (Photo: Rev. Thomas Laurie, Dr. Grant and the Mountain Nestorians, Oriental Division, NYPL) 40 Rev. Henry Lobdell, MD, circa 1850, engraved by A. H. Ritchie. (Photo: Rev. W. S. Tyler, Memoir of Rev. Henry Lobdell, M.D.) 41 Rev. George Percy Badger, 1873. (Photo: R. Coupland, The Exploitation of East Africa 1856-1890: The Slave Trade and the Scramble, General Research Division, NYPL) 42 Shiekh Nasr, 1849, F. C. Cooper. (Photo: Badger, The Nestorians and their Rituals) 43 Mir Hussein Beg and Abdi Beg, 1849, F. C. Cooper. (Photo: Layard, Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon, Oriental Division, NYPL) 44 Mir Hussein Beg, circa 1870. (Photo: Sadiq AI Damlooji [Damluji], The Yezidis) 45 Mir Ali Beg, 1909, Gertrude Bell. (Photo: UNT) 46 Baadri: ruins of Ali Beg's palace, 1992, J. S. Guest. 47 Rev. Alpheus N. Andrus. (Photo: Rev. Dr Edwin C. Coon) 48 Isya Joseph, BA, 1906. (Photo: Columbia University) 49 Captain H. P. W. Hutson, RE, 1918. (Photo: Charles Walker) 50 Ismail Beg, 1918. (Photo: Major-General H. P. W. Hutson) 51 Mayan Khatun and Mir Said Beg, circa 1930. (Photo: Damluji, The Yezidis, Oriental Division, NYPL) 52 Ismail Beg, circa 1930. (Photo: Princess Wansa Ismail el-Amawy) 53 Wansa and Mayan Khatun, circa 1935. (Photo: 'Abd al-Razzaq al­ Hasani, al- Yazidiyun fi hadirihim wa madihim) 54 Princess Wansa; a recent picture. (Photo: Princess Wansa Ismail el­ Amawy) 55 Mir Said Beg, 1929, Rosita Forbes. (Photo: Rosita Forbes, Conflict: Angora to Afghanistan, Oriental Division, NYPL) xi List of Illustrations 56 Mir Tahsin Beg and Mayan Khatun, circa 1945, C. J. Edmonds. (Photo: C. J. Edmonds, A Pilgrimage to Lalish, Royal Asiatic Society) 57 Mir Tahsin Beg and Khokhe Khatun, 1981, Naif Ekinci. 58 Baadri: Mayan Khatun's 'New Stone Palace', 1992, J. S. Guest. 59 Baadri: Mausoleum of Mir Ali Beg, Mayan Khatun, Mir Said Beg and Khokhe Khatun, 1992, J. S. Guest. 60 Prince Khairallah Beg, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 61 Prince Jelal Beg, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 62 The Baba Sheikh and Kawai Suleiman, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 63 Fakir Haji, 1990. (Photo: Dini Filim videotape) 64 Yezidis from Sinjar, circa 1820, W. Walton presumably from a sketch by C. J. Rich. (Photo: Claudius James Rich, Narrative of a Residence in Koordistan) 65 A Yezidi aga from the Jebel Sinjar, circa 1935. (Photo: Pere J. M. Fiey, OP) 66 Hammu Shiru, Yezidi leader in the Jebel Sinjar 1890-1932, circa 1930, C. J. Edmonds. (Photo: C. J. Edmonds, A Pilgrimage to Lalish, Royal Asiatic Society) 67 Henry Field, 1928. (Photo: Dr Henry Field) 68 Prince Mua'wia Ismail AI-Yazidi, circa 1980. (Photo: Prince Mua'wia Ismail Al-Yazidi) 69 Prince Kokus Beg, 1992, Namik Durukan. 70 Prince Bayezid Beg and Armenian Catholicos Vasgen, 1977. (Photo: Emir Muawwiyyah ben Esma'il Yazidi, To Us Spoke Zarathustra . .. ) 71 Azize Amar Tamoyan, 1992, Robert A. Mitchell. 72 Brov Davrish Shamoyan, circa 1985. (Family photo) 73 Zail Hasanyan, circa 1985. (Family photo) 74 Hasan Hasanyan, circa 1990. (Family photo) 75 Author and Yezidi villagers at Layard Fountain, Kurukavak, eastern Turkey, 1982, Elsie Trask Wheeler. (Photo: Elsie Trask Wheeler) Maps Front endpaper: The Asiatic Provinces of the Ottoman Empire and Adjacent Areas Back endpaper: The Upper Tigris Valley. xii Preface to the Revised Edition A few years ago my family and I visited a village in Turkey inhabited by Yezidis.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ottoman Reforms and Kurdish Reactions in The19th Century Di Sedsala Xixem De Reformên Osmanî Û Reaksiyonên Kurdan
    Ottoman Reforms and Kurdish Reactions in the19th Century Di Sedsala XIXem de Reformên Osmanî û Reaksiyonên Kurdan Rahman DAG* PUXTE: Dewleta Osmanî ji ber ku di seranserî sedsala 19an de hin reformên leşkeri, aborî, îdarî û civakî xistiye meriyetê, mirov dikare vê sedsalê wek sedsala reforman bi nav bike. Ji sala 1514an heta sedsala 19an hevsengiyek di navbera têkiliyên dewleta Osmanî û eşîrên kurdan de hebû. Eşîrên kurdan û dewleta Osmanî li ser rêveberiyeke otonom li hev kiribûn û ev rewş ji her du hêlan ve jî hatibû parastin. Lêbelê ji bo dabînkirina lêçûnên leşkerî, bicihkirina modernizasyona burokrasiyê, piştî rakirina Ocaxa Yeniçeriyan sazkirina arteşeke nû û pêdiviyên mirovî mesrefeke mezin derket holê. Ji ber van sedeman têkilî û hevsengiya navborî xera bû û di navbera eşîrên kurdan û navendê de têkoşînek dest pê kir. Ev rewş heta hilweşandina imparatoriyê berdewam kir. Li ser vê rewşa bicihbûyî ya navbera her du aliyan, eşirên kurdan ji bo parastina pozisyona xwe, ketin nav liv û lebatekê, ev jî nîşan dide ku reformên vê serdemê * Dr. Science-Literature Faculty, Adıyaman, Turkey. yên herî gîrîng reformên îdarî, ango navendîbûniyê Dr. Zanîngeha Adiyamanê, bûn. Bi vê agahiyê ez dixwazim vê diyar bikim ku Fakulteya Fen-Edebiyatê, armanca serhildanên eşîrên kurdan ên di sedsala Adiyaman, Turkiye. 19an de qewimîne, ne avakirina Kurdistaneke e-mail: serbixwe bû ku xwe dispart netewperweriya kurdî, [email protected] berovajî vê yekê, divê ev serhildan wek karvedaneke li hember reforman bêne nirxandin. Di nav vê Jimar 2 Sal 1 2014 47 Rahman DAG konteksê de serhildana Ebdurrahman Paşa ya sala 1806an, serhildana Mîr Mihemmed Paşayê Rewandizî ya sala 1834an, serhildana Bedirxan Beg a sala 1840an, serhildana Şêx Ûbeydulahê Nehrî ya sala 1880an de pêk hatine, dê ji bo piştrastkirina vê angaştê bên nirxandin.
    [Show full text]
  • Major-General Sir Christopher Charles Teesdale VC KCMG CB
    | | HERO OF THE MONTH BY LORD ASHCROFT BY LORD ASHCROFT HERO OF THE MONTH LEFT 'The Defence of Kars', a lithograph showing Fenwick Williams and Lt Christopher Teesdale by William Simpson. (BROWN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY/HISTORIC MILITARY PRESS) BELOW 'Repulse of the Russians', an 1857 British engraving. (TOPFOTO) army, guarding against a Russian invasion Major-General Sir Christopher from Tiflis (now Tbilisi). The Russians had moved 35,000 troops into the area in early 1854, hoping to open up a second Charles Teesdale VC KCMG CB front against a weak and disorganised Turkish Army. On 3 and 6 August, the Russians twice routed the Turks on the battlefield. Smarting from two heavy defeats, the Turks fell back on the town of Kars, southwest of Tiflis. Realising the seriousness of the situation, the British decided in September 1854 to send a British Commissioner, accompanied hristopher Charles Teesdale will Christopher was just two years old when by a small staff, to join the Turkish force. forever be recorded in the history he returned to England with his family. For The man tasked with this key role was C books for two specific reasons: the rest of his childhood, he was raised in Colonel Sir Fenwick Williams of the Royal he received the only VC for the siege of England and Guernsey, where his mother’s Artillery, who was accompanied by an Kars – the last major action of the Crimean family lived. In 1848, Teesdale was accepted aide-de-camp, Lt Christopher Teesdale, War – and was the first South African-born as a gentleman cadet into the Royal Artillery and Dr Humphry Sandwith, who had been recipient of the VC.
    [Show full text]
  • Social Sciences Studies Journal
    International e-ISSN:2587-1587 SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDIES JOURNAL Open Access Refereed E-Journal & Indexed & Puplishing Article Arrival : 28/03/2020 Review Article Published : 20.05.2020 Doi Number http://dx.doi.org/10.26449/sssj.2314 Barlık, M.M. (2020). “Ozan And Dengbej: The Lost Voices Of Oral Tradition In Turkey” International Social Sciences Studies Reference Journal, (e-ISSN:2587-1587) Vol:6, Issue: 63; pp:2186-2201 OZAN1 AND DENGBEJ:2 THE LOST VOICES OF ORAL TRADITION IN TURKEY Ozan ve Dengbêj: Türkiye'de Sözlü Geleneğin Kaybedilen Sesleri Asts. Prof. Memet Metin BARLIK Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Letters, Department of English Language and Literature, Van/TURKEY ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3615-7240 ABSTRACT ÖZET Since the Grimm Brothers, folklore studies returned to Grimm Kardeşler’den bu yana, folklor çalışmaları, on respectability through the second half of nineteenth and dokuzuncu yüzyılın ikinci yarısı ve yirminci yüzyıl boyunca, twentieth century to uncover, decipher and save the folkloric sözlü gelenekler de dahil olmak üzere, folklorik kalıntıları remains including the oral traditions. But, as the first decades of ortaya çıkarmak, deşifre etmek ve korumak adına önem kazandı. the new millennium are being scribbled, the 'modern new' Ancak, yeni binyılın ilk yirmi yılı karalanırken, 'modern yeni, versus the ‘needless old’ is still burning in the back burner, and gereksiz eskiye karşı’ anlayışı arka planda işlevini sürdürmeye is, unfortunately, eroding the original, authentic and traditional devam ediyor
    [Show full text]
  • Download Review PDF , Format and Size of the File
    Volume 89 Number 868 December 2007 Interview with His Royal Highness Prince Hassan of Jordan* His Royal Highness Prince El Hassan bin Talal served as the closest political adviser, confidant and deputy of his brother King Hussein of Jordan until King Hussein’s death in 1999. He has founded, and is actively involved in, a number of Jordanian and international institutes, organizations and committees. He is president of the Arab Thought Forum, a former president of the Club of Rome, chairman of the Independent Bureau for Humanitarian Issues and a member of the expert group, appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, to implement the Declaration and Programme of Action of the World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance that was made in Durban, South Africa, in 2001. A graduate of Oxford University, he holds numerous honorary doctorates in law, letters, theology, and oriental and African studies, and has received many awards, including the Abu Bakr Al-Siddique Medal of the Organization of Arab Red Crescent and Red Cross Societies. His most recently published books are To Be a Muslim (2003), Continuity, Innovation and Change: Selected Essays (2001) and In Memory of Faisal I: The Iraqi Question (2003, in Arabic). What is your assessment of the humanitarian consequences of the conflict in Iraq? A major problem is the lack of empirical data. Let’s take the battle around Fallujah. I am a member of the board of Peace Direct, which conducted the research on which the play, Fallujah, was based.1 In this play, which was performed in London, and featured Imogen Stubbs and other leading actors, over seventy violations of international humanitarian law, committed by all parties, were depicted.
    [Show full text]
  • Kurdistan, Kurdish Nationalism and International Society
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by LSE Theses Online The London School of Economics and Political Science Maps into Nations: Kurdistan, Kurdish Nationalism and International Society by Zeynep N. Kaya A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, June 2012. Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 77,786 words. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that my thesis was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling and grammar by Matthew Whiting. 2 Anneme, Babama, Kardeşime 3 Abstract This thesis explores how Kurdish nationalists generate sympathy and support for their ethnically-defined claims to territory and self-determination in international society and among would-be nationals. It combines conceptual and theoretical insights from the field of IR and studies on nationalism, and focuses on national identity, sub-state groups and international norms.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case of Iraqi Kurdistan and the PKK
    Deconstructing Ethnic Conflict and Sovereignty in Explanatory International Relations: The Case of Iraqi Kurdistan and the PKK Submitted by Johannes Černy to the University of Exeter as a thesis for the degree of Doctor in Philosophy in Ethno-Political Studies in September 2014 This thesis is available for Library use on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. I certify that all material in this thesis which is not my own work has been identified and that no material has previously been submitted and approved for the award of a degree by this or any other University. Signature: _____Johannes Cerny_____________________ 1 2 Abstract: This study is essentially a critique of how the three dominant paradigms of explanatory international relations theory – (neo-)realism, liberalism, and systemic constructivism – conceive of, analytically deal with, and explain ethnic conflict and sovereignty. By deconstructing their approaches to ethnic identity formation in general and ethnic conflict in particular it argues that all three paradigms, in their epistemologies, ontologies and methodologies through reification and by analytically equating ethnic groups with states, tend to essentialise and substantialise the ethnic lines of division and strategic essentialisms of ethnic and ethno-nationalist elites they set out to describe, and, all too often, even write them into existence. Particular attention, both at the theoretical and empirical level, will be given to the three explanatory frameworks explanatory IR has contributed to the study of ethnic conflict: the ‘ethnic security dilemma’, the ‘ethnic alliance model’, and, drawing on other disciplines, instrumentalist approaches.
    [Show full text]
  • The Kurds As Parties to and Victims of Conflicts in Iraq Inga Rogg and Hans Rimscha Inga Rogg Is Iraq Correspondent for the Neue Zu¨Rcher Zeitung and NZZ Am Sonntag
    Volume 89 Number 868 December 2007 The Kurds as parties to and victims of conflicts in Iraq Inga Rogg and Hans Rimscha Inga Rogg is Iraq correspondent for the Neue Zu¨rcher Zeitung and NZZ am Sonntag. She graduated in cultural anthropology and Ottoman history and has done extensive research in the Kurdish region. Hans Rimscha graduated in Islamic studies and anthropology, worked with humanitarian assistance operations in Iraq in the 1990s and is the author of various publications on Middle East issues. Abstract After decades of fighting and suffering, the Kurds in Iraq have achieved far-reaching self-rule. Looking at the history of conflicts and alliances between the Kurds and their counterparts inside Iraq and beyond its borders, the authors find that the region faces an uncertain future because major issues like the future status of Kirkuk remain unsolved. A federal and democratic Iraq offers a rare opportunity for a peaceful settlement of the Kurdish question in Iraq – and for national reconciliation. While certain groups and currents in Iraq and the wider Arab world have to overcome the notion that federalism equals partition, the Kurds can only dispel fears about their drive for independence if they fully reintegrate into Iraq and show greater commitment to democratic reforms in the Kurdistan Region. ‘‘This is the other Iraq’’, says a promotion TV spot regularly broadcast on Al Arrabiyeh TV, ‘‘The people of Iraqi Kurdistan invite you to discover their peaceful region, a place that has practised democracy for over a decade, a place where universities, markets, cafe´s and fairgrounds buzz with progress and prosperity and where people are already sowing the seeds of a brighter future.’’1 A regional government After decades of internal and regional conflict, the large-scale destruction and persecution of the Kurdish population, and periods of bitter infighting between 823 I.
    [Show full text]
  • Ottoman Sea Power………
    KADIR HAS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES PROGRAM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS CONTINENTAL POWERS AND QUEST FOR STATUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SULTAN ABDÜLAZİZ’S FLEET (1861-1876) MEHMET ALİOĞLU SUPERVISOR: PROF. DR. SERHAT GÜVENÇ PHD THESIS ISTANBUL, JUNE 2020 Mehmet Alioğlu Doktora Tezi 2020 Student’s Full Name Ph.D. (or M.S. or M.A.) Thesis 2011 CONTINENTAL POWERS AND QUEST FOR STATUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SULTAN ABDÜLAZİZ’S FLEET (1861-1876) MEHMET ALİOĞLU SUPERVISOR: PROF. DR. SERHAT GÜVENÇ PHD THESIS Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies of Kadir Has University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in the Discipline Area of International Relations under the Program of International Relations. ISTANBUL, JUNE, 2020 I, MEHMET ALİOĞLU; Hereby declare that this PhD Thesis is my own original work and that due references have been appropriately provided on all supporting literature and resources. MEHMET ALİOĞLU __________________________ JUNE 2020 ACCEPTANCE AND APPROVAL This work entitled CONTINENTAL POWERS AND QUEST FOR STATUS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SULTAN ABDÜLAZIZ’S FLEET (1861-1876) prepared by MEHMET ALİOĞLU has been judged to be successful at the defense exam held on ... ... 2020 and accepted by our jury as PHD THESIS. Prof. Dr., Serhat Güvenç (Advisor) Kadir Has University Prof. Dr., Mitat Çelikpala Kadir Has University Doç. Dr., Gün Kut Boğaziçi University Prof. Dr., Gencer Özcan Bilgi University Doç. Dr., Ahmet Salih Bıçakçı Kadir Has University I certify that the above signatures belong to the faculty members named above. SIGNATURE Prof. Sinem Akgül Açıkmeşe Institute Director School of Graduate Studies DATE OF APPROVAL: …/…/….
    [Show full text]
  • History of Islamic Empire in Urdu Pdf
    History of islamic empire in urdu pdf Continue This article lists successive Muslim countries and dynasties from the rise of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad and early Muslim horses that began in 622 PO and continue to this day. The history of Muslim countries The early Muslim wars began in the life of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad. In addition to the work of southern Europe and the Indian sub-corner, his successors hit the great sheep of the Middle East and North Africa. In the decades after his death, the caliphate, founded by his oldest successors, known as the Rashidun Caliphate, inherits the Umayyad caliphate and later the Abbasid caliphate. While the caliphate gradually broke and fell, other Muslim dynasties rose; Some of these dynasties have been overgroced into Islamic empires, with some of the most notable being the Safavid dynasty, the Ottoman Empire and the Mughal Empire. Regional Empires Iran Shah Ismail I, Founder of Safavid Dynasty Qarinvand Dynasty (550-1110) Paduspanid (655-1598) Justanids (791-1004) Dulafid dynasty (800-898, Jibal) Samanid Empire (819-999) Tahirid Dynasty (821-873) Saffarid Dynasty (861-1003) Shirvanshah (861-1538) Alavid Dynasty (864-928) Sajid Dynasty (889-929) Ma'danids (890-1110, Makran) Aishanids (912-961) Husaynid Dynasty (914-929) Ziyarid Dynasty (928-43) Banu Ilyas (932-968) Buyid Dynasty (934-10) 62) Rawadid Dynasty (955-1071) , Tabriz) Hasanwayhid (959-1015) Annazidi (990-1180; Iran, Iraq) Ma'munid dynasty (995-1017) Kakuyid (1008-1141) Great Seljuq Empire (1029-1194) Nasrid dynasty (Sistan) (1029-1225)
    [Show full text]
  • Rethinkinglayard18172017.Pdf
    ISTITUTO VENETO DI SCIENZE, LETTERE ED ARTI RETHINKING LAYARD 1817-2017 edited by STEFANIA ERMIDORO and CECILIA RIVA in collaboration with LUCIO MILANO VENICE 2020 ISBN 978-88-92990-00-5 This volume contains the papers presented at the Conference Rethinking Layard 1817-2017 and is promoted by Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti and by Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici (Venice, 5-6 March 2018) This publication has been co-financed with the PRIN 2015 “Ebla e la Siria del Bronzo Antico: ricezione, circolazione e trasmissione di modelli culturali” project funds - Principal Investigator: Prof. Lucio Milano This volume is available in Open Access mode: https://www.istitutoveneto.org/pdf/rethinkinglayard18172017.pdf Project and editorial drafting: Ruggero Rugolo © Copyright Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti 30124 Venice - Campo S. Stefano 2945 Tel. 0412407711 - Telefax 0415210598 [email protected] - www.istitutoveneto.it CONTENTS Preface . Pag. VII Andrew R. George, Layard of Nineveh and the Tablets of Nineveh . » 3 Silvia Alaura, Austen Henry Layard and Archibald Henry Sayce: an Anatolian Perspective . » 25 John Curtis, Layard’s Relationship with F.C. Cooper and His Other Artists . » 63 Georgina Herrmann, Austen Henry Layard, Nimrud and His Ivories . » 91 Stefania Ermidoro, A Family Treasure: the Layard Collection at Newcastle University . » 115 Henrike Rost, New Perspectives on a Supranational Elite in Venice: Lady Layard’s Musical Activities and Her Autograph Book (1881-1912) . » 137 Jonathan P. Parry, Henry Layard and the British Parliament: Outsider and Expert . » 155 Maria Stella Florio, Rawdon Brown and Henry Layard in Venice . » 171 Frederick Mario Fales, Layard, Saleh, and Miner Kellogg: Three Worlds in a Single Painting .
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    IIUM JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND CIVILISATIONAL STUDIES (E-ISSN: 2637-112X) EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Elmira Akhmetova, International Islamic University Malaysia EDITOR Alwi Alatas, International Islamic University Malaysia BOOK REVIEWS EDITOR Kaoutar Guediri, International Islamic University Malaysia ASSISTANT EDITOR Bukuri Zejno, International Islamic University Malaysia Norliza Saleh, International Islamic University Malaysia EDITORIAL COMMITTEE Adibah Binti Abdul Rahim, International Islamic University Malaysia Arshad Islam, International Islamic University Malaysia Bacem Dziri, University of Osnabruck, Germany Fatmir Shehu, International Islamic University Malaysia Fauziah Fathil, International Islamic University Malaysia Hafiz Zakariya,University Terengganu Malaysia Hakan Gulerce, Harran University, Turkey Hazizan Md Noon, International Islamic University Malaysia Osman Yapar, Oman Rahimah Embong, UniSZA, Malaysia Rohaiza Rokis, International Islamic University Malaysia Sharifah Syahirah Binti Shikh, Kolej Universiti Poly-Tech MARA, Malaysia INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY BOARD Ahmed Alibasic, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina Alfiya Yusupova, Kazan Federal University, Russia Alparslan Acikgenc, University of Ibn Haldun, Turkey Fadzli Adam, UniSZA, Malaysia Syed Farid Alatas, Singapore National University, Singapore Fatimah Ulfat, Germany Hassan Ahmed Ibrahim, Sudan Ednan Aslan, University of Vienna, Austria James Piscatori, Australian National University, Australia Jorgen Nielsen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Mohammed Hashim Kamali, International
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Kurdish Identity Formation in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq
    Dynamics of Kurdish identity formation in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq between 1991 and 2014 By: Dilshad H. Khdhir SID: 4078663 Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2015 Abstract This study is built around two core questions. Firstly, what constitutes the formation of Kurdish identity in the Kurdistan Region-Iraq (KRI)? Secondly, what have the inner dynamics of this process been since 1991? Two major theoretical approaches are used to address these questions, namely ethno-symbolism and political discourse theory (PDT). These theories are utilised to approach the research questions on two levels: the cultural-historical and the political; and result in four major findings regarding the inner dynamics of collective identity formation in the KRI. Firstly, it is found that actors active in the process of collective identity formation are primarily nationalist political parties and intellectuals. Secondly, that Kurdish identity in the region forms around ‘Kurdish’ ethnic, cultural and historical features. Thirdly, that a large set of cultural and historical tools have been utilised to produce Kurdish identity in the KRI. Fourthly, that different forms of Kurdish identity have been produced in the KRI, meaning that Kurdishness in the region is split, fragmented, relational and crisis-ridden. This study also argues that the process of Kurdish identity formation in the KRI from 1991 to 2014 can be divided into three I historic phases. The first of these stretched from 1991 to 2003 and saw the ambiguous development of a traditional Kurdish ethno- nationalist identity; the second lasted from 2003 to 2009 and saw the development of an ambiguous Kurdish nationalist identity; whilst the third stretches from 2009 to the present and has seen Kurdish identity acquire a civic character in response to newly emerged political, social and economic conditions in the KRI.
    [Show full text]