Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 11(2): 1- 22 (2019) Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences D. Histology & Histochemistry ISSN 2090 – 0775 http://eajbsd.journals.ekb.eg

Histomorphological and Histochemical Study of the Ovary and the Uterine Tubes of the Adult Guinea Pigs (Cavica porcellus)

F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq #E.Mail : [email protected] - [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History This study was carried out to identify the histological structures of Received:27/9/2019 the ovary and the related uterine tubes of the adult guinea pig (Cavica Accepted:25/10/2019 porcellus). To conduct such project, 14 adult guinea pigs at their diestrous ______period were collected from the local breeders directly. Animals were Keywords: euthanized, dissected and subsequently ovaries and specimens from Uterine tube, uterine tubes were collected and fixed by 10% neutral buffered formalin ovary, guinea pigs, and some of specimens were fixed in Bouin’s solution for subsequent histochemistry histochemical staining then subjected to routine processes such as dehydration, clearing, embedding and block preparation. Sections of 6 µm were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s Trichrome, Alcian blue (pH 2.5) and Periodic acid shift stains. Gross findings showed two bilateral rounded and slightly elongated ovaries situated in the abdominal cavity suspended by mesovarium ligament. Microscopic findings revealed prominent large follicles and to a lesser extent, the small and medium types in the ovaries of adults studied guinea pigs. The data showed the presence of many pre-ovulatory follicles during the diestrous period in this polyestrous species. Gross findings of the uterine tubes revealed the presence of bilateral uterine tubes. Each tube included short straighten preampulla which was expanded cranially to form infundibulum, coiled long ampulla and finally the isthmus, the shortest and straight part traversed the cranial end of the uterine horn. Microscopically, all of the uterine tube was lined with simple columnar epithelium. Mucosa showed very long and branched mucosal folds in the pre-ampulla, for lesser extent in ampulla but shortest and widest in isthmus. Tunica muscularis was absent at infundibulum, thinnest at pre- ampulla, whereas, the thickest in isthmus. Histochemically, the non ciliated columnar cells (present mainly in the isthmus and few in ampulla) were stained positively with AB and PAS stains. INTRODUCTION Domestic guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) are a descendant of the wild cavy (Cavia aperea) which is one of the common rodents who lived in South America. Guinea pig is herbivorous rodent characterised by stocky body, short neck, and limbs and more closely related to porcupines than mice and rats (Kunzl and Sachser, 1999; North, 1999). They are now widely distributed because of its popularity as a pet and a food source.

Citation :Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci. ( D-Histology and histochemistry) Vol.11(2)pp1-22(2019)

2 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

They were commonly used in MATERIALS AND METHODS biomedical research, for example in Animal’s Collection and Study studies of the human immune system, Design: since guinea pig immunological genes Fourteen adult female Guinea are more similar to humans than those pigs (Cavica porcellus) were selected from mouse so that considered a very to conduct the present research. important model organism for Apparent healthy animals were toxicology and vaccine testing. Guinea purchased directly from the local pig is known as one of the gold breeders. They were left under standards for modeling human disease. supervision before their euthanasia and It is especially important as a subsequent dissection. Each animal molecular and cellular biology model weighed with a sensitive weighing for studying the human immune balance and euthanized by system, as its immunological genes are intraperitoneal injection of 500 mg/kg more similar to human genes than are sodium Phenobarbital (Eifler et al., those of mice (Guo et al., 2012). 2009). Then each animal was placed In contrast to the massive on the dorsal recumbency to view its number of studies conducted on the ventral aspect. Thereafter, a midline reproductive tract of domesticated abdominal incision was performed animals, few studies and paucity of craniocaudal from the xiphoid works were focused on the female cartilage to the pubic symphysis in reproductive organs of the guinea pigs. order to expose the organs in the In domestic animal studies were abdominal cavity. The intra-abdominal focused on histomorphology of some ovaries and uterine tubes were exposed organs of the female reproductive tract and photographed in situ and later such as oviduct of golden hamster dissected out. The organs were weighted (Abe and Oikawa, 1989), mice by sensitive balance then washed by (Stewart and Behriner, 2012), physiological saline solution and porcupine (Ozdemir et al., 2005), subsequently immersed in fixatives mouse (Lauschova, 2003), bitch (10% formalin, Bouin’s solution). (Steinhauer et al., 2004), and does (Al- Macromorphometric measurements Saffar and Almayahi, 2019). Similarly, included the estimation of relative few researches dealt with bird's weight and length of the ovaries and reproductive organs such as mallards uterine tubes. (Abood and Al-Saffar, 2015). Histological Procedure: Up to date, there are no available Ovaries as a whole and uterine studies in the previous and present tubes were washed with normal saline literatures investigated the ovaries and and then immersed in 10% neutral the uterine tubes of the female guinea buffered formalin for 48 hrs. For future pigs. According to the importance of staining with histochemical stains, this animal species as one of the good some specimens were fixed by Bouin’s experimental models, the project was solution for 16 hr. Next to fixation, performed. The obtained morphological, specimens were dehydrated through histological and histochemical data ascending series of ethyl alcohol (70%, may be of value in giving basic 80%, 90%, and 100%) each for 2 hrs, information on this species for then cleared with xylene for ½ hr. researchers that aim to conduct their Specimens were infiltrated with researches and the experiments in paraffin wax (58 – 60 ºC ) then many medical and veterinary fields embedded with new paraffin wax to such as pathological, physiological and obtain blocks of paraffin. Paraffin pharmacological aspects. sections of six microns were prepared Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 3 by using rotary microtome. The of the midline where the abdominal general histological staining procedure aorta and caudal vena cava existed. was performed by Hematoxylin and Blood vessels come into the ovaries eosin (H&E). Special histochemical and left out at their cranial poles (Fig. procedures were conducted by 1). Masson’s trichrome, Alcian blue (AB) Morphometrical measurements (pH 2.5) and periodic acid Schiff such as weight, length, and diameter (PAS) stains. The two latter stains were listed in table 1. The means of were conducted to identify secretory body lengths and weights of the cells of acidic and neutral studied guinea pigs were 225 ± 2.30 mucopolysaccharides, respectively mm and 545 ± 3.09 gm, respectively. (Culling et al., 1985). Histological The means of length and weight of the slides were photographed using the ovary were 5 mm ± 0.05, 0.05 ± 0.001 colour USB 2.0 digital image system gm so that the relative length and (Scope Image 9.0) which was provided weight were 0.022 and 0.00009, with image processing software. Data respectively.The means diameter of of macromorphometric measurements ovary was 3.5 ± 0.013 mm. were analyzed by ANOVA using SPSS Uterine Tubes: software (version 14). They were two elongated tubes RESULTS comprised of three distinct segments Gross Findings: that were pre-ampulla, ampulla, and Gross examination of the female isthmus. The preampulla was genital system of the adult guinea pigs expanded cranially to form the revealed that it comprised of right and infundibulum near the cranial pole of left ovaries and two associated uterine the ovary and then the tubal portion tubes (Fig. 1). was thin, short and straight invested in Ovaries: mesosalpinx which was continuous The ovaries were rounded and with the adjacent mesovarian. The slightly elongated in shape with white caudal end of pre-ampulla continued as to slightly yellowish color. They were long, coiled tube called the ampulla. fixed in situ by the mesovarian which The remaining part of the uterine tube was continuous with mesosalpinx that was the isthmus which was short, held the uterine tubes. The ovaries straight and joined the cranial part of showed rounded cranial and caudal the uterine horn. The mesosalpinx poles and they were situated caudally which held the uterine tube was to their corresponding right and left continuous with the mesovarium kidneys. The left one was away for a cranially and the mesometrium short distance from the left caudally forming the broad ligament corresponding kidney, whereas, the (Fig. 1). right ovary was closer toward the right Morphometrical measurements kidney. The ovarian surfaces appeared such as lengths and weights were listed not smooth because they possessed in table 1. The means of lengths and large ovarian follicles and so gave weights of the uterine tubes were 14 ± signs of follicular bulging which was 002 mm and 0.09 ± 0.0012 mg so that feature of the pre-ovulation. Ovaries, the relative length and weight were pre-ampulla, and ampulla with their 0.062 and 0.00016, respectively. The associated mesovarium, mesosalpinx, means diameter of uterine tube was 1.0 respectively were located on both sides mm.

4 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Table 1. Macromorphometric measurements of the ovary and uterine tubes of adult guinea pigs

Microscopic Findings: the surfaces of these cells which were Ovaries: invested in the surrounding connective Microscopic examination tissue. Type 2 follicles were numerous revealed similar microscopic structures in number as in case of type 1. They for both right and left ovaries. They were characterized by the presence of were covered by simple cuboidal incomplete ring of squamous follicular epithelium forming the germinal cells attached to the surface of each epithelium. This epithelial layer was oocyte. Similar to the above types, missing at the hilus of the ovary, follicles of type 3a were numerous in where the blood vessels were entered number. They were characterized by or left the organ. Beneath this germinal the presence of complete ring of epithelium, a layer of dense irregular cuboidal follicular cells attached to collagenous connective tissue fibers their surfaces. The number of follicular represented the tunica albuginea (Fig. cells in such rings was lesser than 20 2, 3). (Fig. 5, 6, 7). Ovaries showed distinctly two Lesser number of medium-sized regions that were an outer one called follicles recorded compared to those of the cortex and an inner called the the small follicles. These follicles were medulla. The cortex region showed type 3b, 4 and 5a. Type 3b follicles different types of follicles. They were characterized by an oocyte surrounded distributed between tunica albuginea completely by one layer of cuboidal and the interior of the organ, with follicular cells with a number more many thin interfollicular connective than 20 cells, whereas, type 4 showed tissue septae. The interior of the two layers of follicular cells medulla of the ovary was constructed surrounding the oocyte (Fig. 6, 7). The of irregular dense collagenous type 5a showed three layers of connective tissue stroma. It was follicular cells surrounding the oocyte prominently filled with blood vessels. (Fig. 8). Arbitraries of the blood vessels were Noticeably many large follicles obviously localized around the large were identified during the diestrous follicular types which could play their stage in the ovaries of adults studied role in subsequent stages of follicular guinea pigs. These were follicles type maturation and ovulation (Fig. 4). 5b, 6th, 7th and 8th (Graafian follicle). Obviously, the ovaries showed a Ovarian follicle 5th type (b) showed cortical zone filled with different types granulosa cells more than three layers, of follicles. According to the theca interna and theca externa around classification of Pederson and Peters each oocyte (Fig. 9). In follicles type (1968) they were small, medium and 6, starting the presence of small spaces large follicles. The small follicles or cavities in the granulosa called primarily present were type 1, 2 and antral cavities (Fig. 10, 11). The 7th 3a. They were numerous types of type of follicles identified by its fully present follicles. The 1st type of developed antrum and the formation of follicles was the primordial oocyte corona radiata cells around the oocyte characterized by large nucleus and (Fig. 3). Four or more of this type and nucleolus. No cells were attached to the subsequent type 8th were usually Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 5 observed in the ovaries of the studied supplied by blood vessels. Post the guinea pigs (Fig. 12). Type 8th or expanded infundibulum, the tube called the Graafian follicles were portion of the pre-ampulla showed characterized by well-developed shorter mucosal folds. The mucosa still cumulus oophorus as well as corona lined with the same epithelium and radiata and the fully developed antrum. rested on lamina propria connective Prominently, rich blood supply was tissue rich with blood vessels. Next to observed around the large follicles. this, a thin muscular layer of smooth The medulla formed of dense muscle fibers (1 to 3 circularly connective tissue bundles filling the arranged layers) identified in the wall core of the ovary. Numerous blood of the tube. The free border was vessels were distributed in the covered with serosa, whereas, the medullary stroma. The blood vessels attached border to the mesosalpinx were passed through hilus into the showed adventitial connective tissue medulla where many branches filled with large number of blood intervene with connective tissue vessels with the presence of adipose running between follicles. The blood tissue. Histochemical staining showed supply was distinctly distributed post staining with Masson’s trichrome, around large follicles (Fig. 4). thin layer of loose connective tissue Uterine Tubes: lamina propria underneath lining The uterine tubes showed three epithelium and in the cores of mucosal regions by reference to their folds. The stain gave green color to the characteristic histological features. present collagenous fibers and red- They were distinguished according to brown color to the smooth muscle their wall morphological differences fibers of tunica muscularis (Fig. 15). into pre-ampulla, ampulla, and Sections of pre-ampulla were isthmus. Distinctly, the mucosa of the negatively reacted toward both PAS whole uterine tube was lined with and AB (pH 2.5) stains due to absence simple columnar epithelium with only of mucous secretory cells in its lining ciliated at pre-ampulla, whereas, in the epithelium (Fig. 16). ampulla, most of epithelium covered B. Ampulla: with ciliated and for a lesser extent Similarly to the pre-ampulla, the non-ciliated. In the isthmus, mostly of epithelium of the ampulla was simple non-ciliated cells with fewer number columnar mostly ciliated with the few of ciliated present in between. non-ciliated cells were present in Microscopically the wall of between. The tunica mucosa showed uterine tubes was constructed of three little number of mucosal folds (4 to 6 different tunicae that were mucosa, folds). It showed primary folds with or muscularis and serosa at its free part or without a number of small secondary adventitia at its attached part to folds. The tunica muscularis was mesosalpinx. The thicknesses of these thicker relatively to what was found in tunicae were different in the three the last part of pre-ampulla. It different regions. composed of 5 to 8 circularly arranged A. Pre-ampulla: smooth muscle fibers (Fig. 17). Post The beginning portion of this tube staining with Masson’s trichrome was expanded forming the showed thin layer of loose connective infundibulum. The mucosa was highly tissue lamina propria underneath lining folded. The primary folds were very epithelium and in the cores of mucosal long with many secondary small folds folds (Fig. 18). Weak reactions were lined with simple columnar ciliated obtained toward both PAS and AB epithelium (Fig. 13, 14). The stains in few cells of the lining epithelium was rested on lamina epithelium. propria of loose connective tissue well 6 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

C. Isthmus: Post staining with PAS stain, the It showed non-ciliated simple non-ciliated cells showed apical columnar epithelium and lesser pinkish coloration indicated a positive number of primary mucosal folds reaction toward this stain (Fig. 21). which were wider and shorter in length Staining the sections with AB stain, compared to those observed in bluish coloration was observed in the ampulla. Distinctly, the muscularis non-ciliated secretory cells (Fig. 22). was thickest than those of ampulla and pre-ampulla (Fig. 19, 20).

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 7

Fig.1. ovary, uterine tube and uterine horn in situ

Fig. 2. Ovary showed cortex and medulla, hilus and mesovarium. X4, H&E

8 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Fig. 3. Ovarian capsule showed germinal epithelium (black arrow), tunica albuginea (red arrow), sub-germinal 7th type of follicle (yellow arrow) characterized by antrum (blue star) and corona radiata (blue arrow). X20, Masson’s trichrome

Fig. 4. Ovarian stroma showed distribution of the connective tissue stroma in the medulla (black arrows) and between cortical follicles (blue arrows). X4, Masson’s trichrome stain

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 9

Fig. 5. Ovarian follicles showed 1st type (oocyte) and the 2nd type (oocyte with incomplete ring of follicular cells). X40, H&E

Fig. 6. Ovarian follicles showed 1st type (oocyte), 2nd type (oocyte with incomplete ring of follicular cells) and 3rd type b (oocyte with complete ring of follicular cells more than 20). X40, H&E

10 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Fig. 7. Ovarian follicles showed 2nd type (oocyte with incomplete ring of follicular cells, 3rd type a (oocyte with complete ring of follicular cells less than 20) and 4th type (oocyte with complete ring of double layers follicular cells). X40, H&E

Fig. 8. Ovarian follicles showed 5th type (a) showed oocyte with complete ring of three layers follicular cells. X40, Masson’s trichrome stain

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 11

Fig. 9. Ovarian follicle showed 5th type (b) with appearance of granulosa of more than three layers (white arrow), theca interna (red arrow), theca externa (yellow arrow) with rich blood vessels X10, H&E

Fig. 10. Ovarian follicle showed the 2nd type and the 6th type (appearance of antral spaces within granulosa cell indicated by black arrows). X20, H&E

12 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Fig. 11. Ovarian follicle 6th type characterized by the appearance of antral spaces within granulosa cells (black arrows), granulosa cells (red arrow), theca interna (blue arrow) and theca externa (yellow arrow). X40 (left), X20 (right), H&E

Fig. 12. The 8th type of ovarian follicles showed cumulus oophorus (blue arrow), antrum (blue star) and corona radiata (red arrow). X10, H&E

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 13

Fig. 13. Pre-ampulla showed its expanded infundibulum (1) changed into the tubal parts (2). Red arrow showed the continuity between both portions. X4, Masson’s trichrome (left) and X4, H&E (right).

Fig. 14. Infundibulum showed mucosa of simple columnar epithelium ciliated (1) and subepithelial connective tissue lamina propria (2). X40, H&E

14 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Fig. 15. Pre-ampulla tube showed core of fold (1) and mesosalpinx (2) loose connective tissue stained with Masson’s trichrome stain, delicate muscular layer of smooth muscle fibers (3). X40, Masson’s trichrome stain

Fig. 16. Pre-ampulla at infundibulum showed ciliated (red arrow) columnar epithelium (black arrow) which was non secretory and negative toward to AB stain. X40 (left), X10 (right), AB

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 15

Fig. 17. Ampulla showed in left panel:1-mucosa of simple columnar epithelium with mucosal folds. 2- tunica muscularis of smooth muscle fibers .mesosalpinx of loose connective tissue. X10, H&E Right panel: ciliated (red arrows) and non ciliated (black arrows). X40, H&E

Fig. 18. Ampulla showed loose connective tissue in the lamina propria (1) and within the cores of folds (2), thin tunica muscularis of smooth muscle fibers (3) and mesosalpinx (4). X10, Masson’s trichrome stain

16 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

Fig. 19. Isthmus showed short and wide folds (1), thick tunica muscularis of smooth muscle fibers (2) and mesosalpinx (3). X10, H&E

Fig. 20. Isthmus showed short and wide folds lined with simple columnar epithelium (1), lamina propria (2), core of fold (3), thick tunica muscularis of smooth muscle fibers(4) and lumen (5). Epithelium showed few ciliated (black arrow) and abundant non ciliated cells (red arrows). X40, H&E

Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 17

Fig. 21. Isthmus lining epithelium and mucosal folds showed positive reaction of columnar non ciliated secretory cells toward PAS (red arrows). X40, PAS

Fig. 22. Isthmus lining epithelium and mucosal folds showed positive reaction of columnar non ciliated secretory cells toward AB (pH 2.5) (red arrows).AB, X40

18 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi

DISCUSSION shape and completely enclosed in a Grossly – Ovaries: bursa (Chanut and Williams, 2016). Gross data showed that non- The paired ovaries in guinea pigs smooth ovarian surfaces because they appeared similar to local does not possessed large ovarian follicles and so enclose in a true bursa and they were gave signs of follicular bulging which also suspended in the abdominal cavity is feature of the pre-ovulation. The by the mesovarian ligament to the ovaries of the studied guinea pigs were sublumbar muscles, but differently, the rounded and slightly elongated in ovaries were triangular in shape. In shape with white to slightly yellowish addition to those ovaries of the guinea color and such findings were different pigs were located differently than from the previous records in the those of the locals does. They were ovaries of porcupine which were bean- located caudolateral to the right kidney shaped (Ozdemir et al., 2005). In and the left ovary located craniolateral addition to that current findings were to the left kidney, whereas, in does, different from other animal species ovaries were both caudally located to such as African giant rats, in which the the corresponding kidneys (AL-Saffar ovaries were pinkish in colour and and Almyahi, 2018 a). kidney-shaped. But similarly to that in Grossly - Uterine Tubes: rats, the ovaries in guinea pigs were The gross findings of the uterine situated caudally to the kidneys, with tubes in guinea pigs showed two the right ovary being located more bilateral long tubular organs. The tubes cranially than the left (Ali et al., 2010). caudally joined the cranial ends of the Ovaries of the studied guinea corresponding uterine horns abruptly pigs were found suspended in the into the cavities of horns which were abdominal cavity by the mesovarian similar to other animal species as for ligament to the sublumbar muscles and instance in bovine species (Pollard et such remarks were similar to those in al., 1991) but in contrary dissimilarly rats (Ali et al., 2010) but not parallel in other species such as African giant with those recorded in women because rats (Ali et al., 2010) and local ovaries present with different shapes domestic does (AL-Saffar and such as rod shape, “S” shape, oval Almyahi, 2019) where it gradually shape and almond shape in the fetal, joined as uterine intramural portion. prenatal and postnatal ages, Currently, the uterine tube respectively and these ovaries were showed three different regions that located entirely in the pelvic cavity. were pre-ampulla (expanded cranially Grossly the ovaries in the to form infundibulum), ampulla and guinea pigs were not located in a true isthmus, whereas, in other species, ovarian bursa as described in some Hunter (1984) and Suárez (1987) carnivores and rodent species but were divided the mammalian uterine tube usually surrounded by a mass of into three different anatomical regions adipose tissue accumulated in the that were infundibulum, ampulla, and mesovarium and the beginning region isthmus. This reference considered the of the mesosalpinx (Popesko et al., rostral portion of the infundibulum as 1990: Capello, 2005). fimbriae which appeared responsible Ovaries of the current guinea for oocyte transport into the uterine pigs were paired similar to other small- tube after ovulation. However, Abe sized mammalian species such as (1996) gave different names to the female agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) different regions of the oviduct in the which were related to guinea pigs mammalian species as fimbriae, (Singh et al., 2014). Differently, ampulla, isthmus, and utero-tubal ovaries in the hamster found ovoid in junction. Ovary and uterine tube of guinea pig 19

Current findings revealed that the medium types and at least four or more ampulla was the longest region, Graafian follicles were detected in the whereas the pre-ampulla was shorter ovary. The development of many and the isthmus region was the shortest Graafian follicles at the diestrous stage and such findings were parallel to reflects their demand in the subsequent those in local does (AL-Saffar and stages as the animal is polyestrous. Almyahi, 2019). It fact, the longest These features were similar to those length of the ampulla gave a larger recorded in the ovaries of wild sand chance for events of fertilization and rats in which graafian follicles completion of the second meiosis occupied a large part of the ovarian (Bosch and Wright, 2005). cortex and were adjacent to the free Currently, the means of lengths of surface of the gonad. Graafian follicles the uterine tubes were 14 ± 00 mm were also characterized by the which appeared very short compared presence of secondary oocyte to those in laboratory rat (2.4 cm) (Boubekri et al, 2007). (Hebel and Stromberg, 1976) African The medulla in the ovaries of giant rat (4.44 ± 0.06 cm) (Ali et al., guinea pigs were formed of irregular 2010), mixed breed rabbit (6.00 ± dense connective tissue bundles filling 0.794 cm) ( Bitto et al., 2006) and in the core of the ovary which passed local domestic does (7 cm) (AL-Saffar through hilus into the medullary and Almyahi, 2019). Ovaries of the stroma where many blood vessels guinea pigs were covered by the branches intervene with connective germinal epithelium of simple tissue running between follicles, cuboidal epithelium. Beneath this distinctly distributed around large germinal epithelium, a thick layer of follicles. These findings came in dense irregular collagenous connective agreement with those recorded in does tissue fibers represented the tunica (Al-Saffar and Almayahi, 2018a), rat albuginea and such findings were in (Lalithamma et al., 2016), hamster agreement with those recorded in the (Chunt and Williams, 2016) and female porcupine (Ozdemir et al., female agouti (Singh et al., 2014). 2005) and in the local does (Al-Saffar Microscopically - Uterine Tubes: and Almayahi, 2018a). The beginning portion of this tube Microscopically – Ovaries: was expanded in the guinea pigs The current data showed that the forming the infundibulum and such cortex and medulla were not easily observation was not found in the pre- identified in the ovaries of adult guinea ampulla of local does, but in both pigs because of the formation and species, the mucosa of this organ was development of many ovarian follicles lined with simple columnar cells, that were occupied more spaces of the mucosa very folded and branched (Al- cortical and medullary regions. These Saffar and Almayahi, 2019). caused indistinct separation of these The mucosal folds in pre-ampulla two regions and such structural of guinea pigs was different to that in features were also recognized in Bakerwali goat where the ovaries of other species such as does infundibulum and ampulla were lined (Al-Saffar and Almayahi, 2018a), rats by pseudostratified ciliated columnar (Lalithamma et al., 2016), female epithelium, in addition to that other agouti (Singh et al., 2014) and female difference was the lining of isthmus by Wistar rats (Akpantah et al., 2010). non-ciliated pseudostratified columnar The cortex in ovaries of guinea epithelium in goat whereas simple pigs was filled with small follicles that columnar in guinea pigs (Saleem et al., were numerous and predominant, 2016). whereas, the medium types were Similar to guinea pigs, the female scanty. Large follicles were more than agouti showed mucosal membrane of 20 F. J. Al-Saffar and Hazim, N.H. Al-Ebbadi uterine tubes lined with simple to conduct this research under the columnar cells with complicated folds order no 146 on 16-1-2019. which gave many branches (Singh et Great respect and thanks to the al., 2014). Lecturer Dr. Masarat S. Similarly, the acidic mucin that Almayahi as she was the recorded in the isthmus of the guinea professional who assists in pigs was also recorded in the female staining the histological slides of goat’s uterine tubes (Natarajan et al., this research at Anatomy, 2003). In fact, the presence of neutral Histology and Embryology and acidic secretory cells in the Department of the Veterinary isthmus mucosa indicated its Medicine College / Baghdad importance to the survival of stores University. sperms in its lumen. In fact, previous REFERENCES references postulated the importance Abe, H. (1996). The mammalian of this part of the uterine tube in the oviductal epithelium: regional maturation, transportation, nutrition variations in cytological and and capacitating of the coming sperms functional aspects of the post-coitus or mating (Suárez, 1987; oviductal secretory cells. Histol. Pollard et al., 1991; Abe, 1996). Histopathol., 11: 743-768 The presence in general Abe, H. and Oikawa, T. (1989). different types of epithelial cells in the Differentiation of the golden mucosa of the uterine tubes of the hamster oviduct epithelial cells studied guinea pigs (ciliated and during postnatal development: an secretory cells) was in agreement with electron microscopic study. J. the previous research of Cheng and Exp. Zool., 252: 43-52 Bostwick (2006). Abood, D. A. and Al-Saffar, F. J. The presence of mucin secretory (2015). The post hatching cell positive for AB and PAS stains in development of the the mucosa of the uterine tubes of the female genital system in Indigenous studied guinea pigs was also recorded Mallard Duck (Anas in other species such as Angora rabbit platyrhynchos). The Iraqi (Özen et al., 2010), local does (Al- Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Saffar and Almayahi, 2019), 39(2): 17-25 Bakerwali goat (Saleem et al., 2016). Akpantah, A. O., Ekong, M. B., In conclusion, the ovarian Uruakpa, K. C., Akpaso, M. K., surfaces in the diestrous guinea pig Eluwa, M. A. and Ekanem,T. B. were not smooth because of the (2010). Gonadal histo- ovarian follicles bulging indicated morphologies and serum feature of the pre-ovulation. Parallel to hormonal milieu in female rats this feature, the histology aspect treated with azadirachta indica showed many large follicles that were leaf extract. Iranian J. Rep. Med., ready for subsequent ovulation. 8(4): 185-190 Distinctly, a unique feature to guinea Ali, M. 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