Hunger Strikes and Force Feedings in the British Women's Suffrage
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Prison Administrators' Authority to Force-Feed Hunger-Striking Inmates
Washington University Journal of Law & Policy Volume 23 Disabilities January 2007 What They Can Do About It: Prison Administrators' Authority to Force-Feed Hunger-Striking Inmates Tracey M. Ohm Washington University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_journal_law_policy Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Tracey M. Ohm, What They Can Do About It: Prison Administrators' Authority to Force-Feed Hunger- Striking Inmates, 23 WASH. U. J. L. & POL’Y 151 (2007), https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/law_journal_law_policy/vol23/iss1/6 This Note is brought to you for free and open access by the Law School at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington University Journal of Law & Policy by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. What They Can Do About It: Prison Administrators’ Authority to Force-Feed Hunger-Striking Inmates * Tracey M. Ohm I. INTRODUCTION Prison inmates throughout history have employed hunger strikes as a means of opposition to authority.1 Inmates engage in hunger strikes for a variety of reasons, often in an attempt to gain leverage against prison officials2 or garner attention for the inmate’s plight or cause.3 Suicide is a motivating factor for some inmates.4 When a * J.D. Candidate (2007), Washington University in St. Louis School of Law. The author wishes to thank Professor Margo Schlanger for her guidance and expertise. 1. This Note examines hunger strikes undertaken by competent prison inmates. Analysis of hunger strikes by incompetent individuals or nonprisoners invokes different considerations. -
From Pacifist to Anti-Fascist? Sylvia Pankhurst and the Fight Against War and Fascism
FROM PACIFIST TO ANTI-FASCIST? SYLVIA PANKHURST AND THE FIGHT AGAINST WAR AND FASCISM Erika Marie Huckestein A thesis submitted to the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of History. Chapel Hill 2014 Approved By: Susan Pennybacker Emily Burrill Susan Thorne © 2014 Erika Huckestein ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii ABSTRACT Erika Marie Huckestein: From Pacifist to Anti-Fascist? Sylvia Pankhurst and the Fight Against War and Fascism (Under the direction of Susan Pennybacker) Historians of women’s involvement in the interwar peace movement, and biographers of Sylvia Pankhurst have noted her seemingly contradictory positions in the face of two world wars: she vocally opposed the First World War and supported the Allies from the outbreak of the Second World War. These scholars view Pankhurst’s transition from pacifism to anti-fascism as a reversal or subordination of her earlier pacifism. This thesis argues that Pankhurst’s anti-fascist activism and support for the British war effort should not be viewed as a departure from her earlier suffrage and anti-war activism. The story of Sylvia Pankhurst’s political activism was not one of stubborn commitment to, or rejection of, a static succession of ideas, but one of an active engagement with changing politics, and confrontation with the new ideology of fascism, in a society still struggling to recover from the Great War. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1 -
Claude Mckay's a Long Way from Home
Through a Black Traveler's Eyes: Claude McKay's A Long Way from Home Tuire Valkeakari Yale University Abstract: This essay analyzes Jamaican-born Claude McKay's discussion of racism(s) and nationalism(~) in his travelogue/autobiography A Long Way from Home ( 1937), in which he chronicles his sojourn in Europe and North Africa and addresses his complex relationship to the United States. Much of McKay's social analysis draws, as this essay establishes, on his observation that racism and nationalism tend to be intertwined and feed 011 each othe1: While describing his travels, McKay presents himselfas a bordercrosser who is "a bad nationalist" and an "internationalist" - a cosmopolitan whose home cannot be defined by any fixed national labels or by nationalist or racialist identity politics. This essay's dialogue with McKay's memoir ultimately reconstructs his difficult and of1-frustrated quest for democracy - the political condition that Ralph Ellison once eloquently equated with "man~· being at home in. the world." Key words: Claude McKay - nationalism - transnationalism - cosmopolitanism - race - racism - travel The way home we seek is that condition of man's being at home in the world, which is called love, and which we tenn democracy. - Ralph Elli son, "Brave Words for a Startling Occasion" I said I was born in the West Indies and lived in the United States and that I was an American, even though I was a British subject, but 1 preferred to think of myself as an internationalist. The chaoL1Sh said he didn't understand what was an internationalist. J laughed and said that an internationalist was a bad nationalist. -
Sylvia Pankhurst's Sedition of 1920
“Upheld by Force” Sylvia Pankhurst’s Sedition of 1920 Edward Crouse Undergraduate Thesis Department of History Columbia University April 4, 2018 Seminar Advisor: Elizabeth Blackmar Second Reader: Susan Pedersen With dim lights and tangled circumstance they tried to shape their thought and deed in noble agreement; but after all, to common eyes their struggles seemed mere inconsistency and formlessness; for these later-born Theresas were helped by no coherent social faith and order which could perform the function of knowledge for the ardently willing soul. Their ardor alternated between a vague ideal and the common yearning of womanhood; so that the one was disapproved as extravagance, and the other condemned as a lapse. – George Eliot, Middlemarch, 1872 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... 2 Abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 3 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 4 The End of Edwardian England: Pankhurst’s Political Development ................................. 12 After the War: Pankhurst’s Collisions with Communism and the State .............................. 21 Appealing Sedition: Performativity of Communism and Suffrage ....................................... 33 Prison and Release: Attempted Constructions of Martyrology -
Process Paper and Bibliography
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY Primary Sources Books Kenney, Annie. Memories of a Militant. London: Edward Arnold & Co, 1924. Autobiography of Annie Kenney. Lytton, Constance, and Jane Warton. Prisons & Prisoners. London: William Heinemann, 1914. Personal experiences of Lady Constance Lytton. Pankhurst, Christabel. Unshackled. London: Hutchinson and Co (Publishers) Ltd, 1959. Autobiography of Christabel Pankhurst. Pankhurst, Emmeline. My Own Story. London: Hearst’s International Library Co, 1914. Autobiography of Emmeline Pankhurst. Newspaper Articles "Amazing Scenes in London." Western Daily Mercury (Plymouth), March 5, 1912. Window breaking in March 1912, leading to trials of Mrs. Pankhurst and Mr. & Mrs. Pethick- Lawrence. "The Argument of the Broken Pane." Votes for Women (London), February 23, 1912. The argument of the stone: speech delivered by Mrs Pankhurst on Feb 16, 1912 honoring released prisoners who had served two or three months for window-breaking demonstration in November 1911. "Attempt to Burn Theatre Royal." The Scotsman (Edinburgh), July 19, 1912. PM Asquith's visit hailed by Irish Nationalists, protested by Suffragettes; hatchet thrown into Mr. Asquith's carriage, attempt to burn Theatre Royal. "By the Vanload." Lancashire Daily Post (Preston), February 15, 1907. "Twenty shillings or fourteen days." The women's raid on Parliament on Feb 13, 1907: Christabel Pankhurst gets fourteen days and Sylvia Pankhurst gets 3 weeks in prison. "Coal That Cooks." The Suffragette (London), July 18, 1913. Thirst strikes. Attempts to escape from "Cat and Mouse" encounters. "Churchill Gives Explanation." Dundee Courier (Dundee), July 15, 1910. Winston Churchill's position on the Conciliation Bill. "The Ejection." Morning Post (London), October 24, 1906. 1 The day after the October 23rd Parliament session during which Premier Henry Campbell- Bannerman cold-shouldered WSPU, leading to protest led by Mrs Pankhurst that led to eleven arrests, including that of Mrs Pethick-Lawrence and gave impetus to the movement. -
People, Place and Party:: the Social Democratic Federation 1884-1911
Durham E-Theses People, place and party:: the social democratic federation 1884-1911 Young, David Murray How to cite: Young, David Murray (2003) People, place and party:: the social democratic federation 1884-1911, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3081/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk People, Place and Party: the Social Democratic Federation 1884-1911 David Murray Young A copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Durham Department of Politics August 2003 CONTENTS page Abstract ii Acknowledgements v Abbreviations vi Introduction 1 Chapter 1- SDF Membership in London 16 Chapter 2 -London -
Votes for Women (Birmingham Stories)
Votes for Women: Tracing the Struggle in Birmingham Contents Introduction: Votes For Women in Birmingham The Rise of Women’s Suffrage Societies Birmingham and the Women’s Social and Political Union Questioning The Evidence of Suffragette History in Birmingham Key Information on Suffragette Movements in Birmingham Sources from Birmingham Archives and Heritage Collections General Sources Written by Dr Andy Green, 2009. www.connectinghistories.org.uk/birminghamstories.asp Early women’s Histories in the archive Reports of the Birmingham Women’s Suffrage Society [LF 76.12] Birmingham Branch of the National Council of Women [MS 841] Women Workers Union Reports [L41.2] ‘Suffragettes at Aston Parliament’, Birmingham Weekly Mercury, 17 October 1908. Elizabeth Cadbury Papers Introduction: Votes for Women in Birmingham [MS 466] The women of Birmingham and the rest of Britain only won the right to vote through a long and difficult campaign for social equality. ‘The Representation The Female Society for of the People Bill’ (1918) allowed women over the age of thirty the chance Birmingham for the Relief to participate in national elections. Only when the ‘Equal Franchise Act’ of British Negro Slaves (1928) was introduced did all women finally have the right to take part in [IIR: 62] the parliamentary voting system as equal citizens. For centuries, a sexist opposition to women’s involvement in public life tried Birmingham Association to keep women firmly out of politics. Biological arguments that women were for the Unmarried inferior to men were underlined by sentimental portrayals of women as the Mother and Her Child rightful ‘guardians of the home’. While women from all classes, backgrounds and political opinions continued to work, challenge and support society, [MS 603] their rights were denied by a ‘patriarchal’ or ‘male centred’ British Empire in which men sought to control and dominate politics. -
Dziadok Mikalai 1'St Year Student
EUROPEAN HUMANITIES UNIVERSITY Program «World Politics and economics» Dziadok Mikalai 1'st year student Essay Written assignment Course «International relations and governances» Course instructor Andrey Stiapanau Vilnius, 2016 The Troubles (Northern Ireland conflict 1969-1998) Plan Introduction 1. General outline of a conflict. 2. Approach, theory, level of analysis (providing framework). Providing the hypothesis 3. Major actors involved, definition of their priorities, preferences and interests. 4. Origins of the conflict (historical perspective), major actions timeline 5. Models of conflicts, explanations of its reasons 6. Proving the hypothesis 7. Conclusion Bibliography Introduction Northern Ireland conflict, called “the Troubles” was the most durable conflict in the Europe since WW2. Before War in Donbass (2014-present), which lead to 9,371 death up to June 3, 20161 it also can be called the bloodiest conflict, but unfortunately The Donbass War snatched from The Troubles “the victory palm” of this dreadful competition. The importance of this issue, however, is still essential and vital because of challenges Europe experience now. Both proxy war on Donbass and recent terrorist attacks had strained significantly the political atmosphere in Europe, showing that Europe is not safe anymore. In this conditions, it is necessary for us to try to assume, how far this insecurity and tensions might go and will the circumstances and the challenges of a international relations ignite the conflict in Northern Ireland again. It also makes sense for us to recognize that the Troubles was also a proxy war to a certain degree 23 Sources, used in this essay are mostly mass-media articles, human rights observers’ and international organizations reports, and surveys made by political scientists on this issue. -
Suffragette City: How Did the 'Votes for Women' Campaign Affect London
Suffragette City: How did the ‘votes for women’ campaign affect London 1906–1914? The UK campaign for women’s right to vote in parliamentary elections began in the mid-19th century. Campaigners used argument and debate to try to persuade the government. When this did not work by the beginning of the 20th century, new tactics were adopted. In 1903, the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) was set up in Manchester. The WSPU aimed to adopt more militant (strong or more direct) tactics to win the vote. Their members later became known as Suffragettes. When the WSPU moved to London in 1906, the movement’s emphasis altered. From 1906–1914 the fight to win the vote became a public, and sometimes violent struggle that was very visible on the streets of the capital. Why did the campaign move to London in 1906? Moving the campaign to the streets of London made the WSPU more visible. It also meant they could hold major events that attracted lots of people and publicity. This paper napkin is printed with a programme for Women’s Sunday on 21 June 1908. This was the first big event organised by the WSPU. The centre of the napkin shows the route of the seven marches through London meeting in Hyde Park. Around the centre are portraits of the main speakers and the Suffragette leaders. Souvenir paper table napkin Napkins like this were produced for all large public events from Women’s Sunday, 1908 in London from the early- to mid-20th century. They would have been sold for about one penny by street traders lining the route of the event. -
The Unsettling Connection of Women, Property, and the Law in British Novels of the Long Nineteenth Century
Binghamton University The Open Repository @ Binghamton (The ORB) Graduate Dissertations and Theses Dissertations, Theses and Capstones 2-23-2018 Place and Displacement: The Unsettling Connection of Women, Property, and the Law in British Novels of the Long Nineteenth Century Claudia J. Martin Binghamton University--SUNY, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://orb.binghamton.edu/dissertation_and_theses Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, and the Law Commons Recommended Citation Martin, Claudia J., "Place and Displacement: The Unsettling Connection of Women, Property, and the Law in British Novels of the Long Nineteenth Century" (2018). Graduate Dissertations and Theses. 70. https://orb.binghamton.edu/dissertation_and_theses/70 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations, Theses and Capstones at The Open Repository @ Binghamton (The ORB). It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of The Open Repository @ Binghamton (The ORB). For more information, please contact [email protected]. PLACE AND DISPLACEMENT: THE UNSETTLING CONNECTION OF WOMEN, PROPERTY, AND THE LAW IN BRITISH NOVELS OF THE LONG NINETEENTH CENTURY BY CLAUDIA J. MARTIN BA, BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY, 1972 JD, UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO, COLLEGE OF LAW, 1976 MA, CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, HAYWARD, 2005 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate School of Binghamton University State University of New York 2018 © Copyright by Claudia J. Martin 2018 All Rights Reserved Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English in the Graduate School of Binghamton University State University of New York February 23, 2018 Dr. -
Hunger Strikes by Irish Republicans, 1916-1923 Michael Biggs ([email protected]) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Hunger Strikes by Irish Republicans, 1916-1923 Michael Biggs ([email protected]) University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Paper prepared for Workshop on Techniques of Violence in Civil War Centre for the Study of Civil War, Oslo August 2004 “It is not those who can inflict the most, but those who can suffer the most who will conquer.” (Terence MacSwiney, 1920) “The country has not had, as yet, sufficient voluntary sacrifice and suffering[,] and not until suffering fructuates will she get back her real soul.” (Ernie O’Malley, 1923) The hunger strike is a strange technique of civil war. Physical suffering—possibly even death—is inflicted on oneself, rather than on the opponent. The technique can be conceived as a paradoxical inversion of hostage-taking or kidnapping, analyzed by Elster (2004). With kidnapping, A threatens to kill a victim B in order to force concessions from the target C; sometimes the victim is also the target. With a hunger strike, the perpetrator is the victim: A threatens to kill A in order to force concessions.1 Kidnappings staged for publicity, where the victim is released unconditionally, are analogous to hunger strikes where the duration is explicitly 1 This brings to mind a scene in the film Blazing Saddles. A black man, newly appointed sheriff, is surrounded by an angry mob intent on lynching him. He draws his revolver and points it to his head, warning them not to move “or the nigger gets it.” This threat allows him to escape. The scene is funny because of the apparent paradox of threatening to kill oneself, and yet that is exactly what hunger strikers do. -
Annotated Bibliography
Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources: Anonymous, “Women's Suffrage: The Right to The Vote”, n.d. This image shows an example of a poster that supported the Suffragettes’ cause. There have been numerous posters with a similar design. On this poster is Joan of Arc, an important figure to the Suffragettes, holding a banner that says “The Right to The Vote”. “ALL THE SUFFRAGIST LEADERS ARRESTED: “WE WILL ALL STARVE TO DEATH IN PRISON UNLESS WE ARE FORCIBLY FED”” The Daily Sketch, http://www.spirited.org.uk/object/daily-sketch-shows-the-method-used-for-force-feeding-suf fragettes This is an image of a newspaper during the force-feeding of Suffragettes. This image describes the strength and sacrifice that Suffragettes were willing to make. Barratt's Photo Press Ltd. “Suffragette Struggling with a Policeman on Black Friday.” The Museum of London, London , 14 Nov. 2018, www.museumoflondon.org.uk/discover/black-friday. This photograph was taken during the police brutality during protests against the failure of the Conciliation Bill. It was compiled by Barratt’s Photo Press Ltd. in 1910. Bathurst, G. “The National Archives .” Received by First Commissioner of His Majesty’s Works, The National Archives , 6 Apr. 1910. WORK 11/117, www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/resources/suffragettes-on-file/hiding-in-parliament/. This was a letter written by G. Bathurst, Chief Clark of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, to inform the First Commissioner of His Majesty’s Works about the actions of Emily Wilding Davison. Emily Wilding Davison was an important Suffragette who eventually became the Suffragette martyr in 1913 when she ran in front of the King’s horse during a derby.