SUB- SOCIAL SCIENCE (D.POLITICS)

SUB – D.POLITICS

STD -X

Module:6 (2.2)

CH-2-FEDERALISM

MCQS - ANSWER

1 How many Union territories are there in India at present? a) 10 b) 28 c) 8 d) 9

2 On what principle Indian Union is based? a) Principles of unitary b) Principles of Federalism c) Principles of sovereignty d) Principles of Accommodation 3 Which tier of government makes a decision in case of dispute between state and center on the issue of division of powers? a) Centre b) State c) Local government d) Unitary government 4 Which of the subjects is not included in the state list? a) Law and order b) National Defence c) Agriculture d) Education 5 Who plays an important role in overseeing the implementation of constitutional provisions and procedures?

a) Legislature b) Executive c) Judiciary d) Union government

HOME ASSIGNMENT

Module: 6 (2.2)

CH- 2- FEDERALISM

Sl.No Sub-Topic- What makes India a Federal Country Marks Pg.No 1 Mention any five main features which make India a federal country. / What are 5 16 the constitutional provisions which make India a federal country? Ans. India fulfills several principles that are essential for a federation. They are as follows: i. Three-tier system of government- In the spirit of Federalism, the constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government the Central Government, representing the Union of India and the State governments. A third tier of federalism (local self govt.) was added in the form of Panchayats and Municipalities to the original two levels of government. ii. Division of power between two levels of government -As in any federation, these different tiers enjoy separate jurisdiction.The Constitution clearly provides a threefold distribution of legislative powers between the Union Government and the State Governments in the form of Union List, State List and Concurrent List and Residuary powers. iii. Constitution the supreme authority- Consent of both the levels of government is required for an amendment in the fundamental provisions of the constitution. The Parliament cannot on its own change this arrangement. Any change to it has to be first passed by both the Houses of Parliament with at least two-thirds majority. Then it has to be ratified by the legislatures of at least half of the total States. iv. Importance of judiciary:- In case of any dispute about the division of powers, the High Courts and the Supreme Court make a decision. v. Financial autonomy:-The Union and State governments have the power to raise resources by levying taxes in order to carry on the government and the responsibilities assigned to each of them. vi. ‘Holding together’ federations: - Sharing of power between the Union Government and the State governments is basic to the structure of the Constitution. All States in the Indian Union do not have identical powers.

2. Describe the three fold distribution of legislative powers between the Union 3/5 16,17 Government and state Governments of India. The Union List The State List Concurrent List It contains subjects of It contains subjects of It contains subjects of national interests State and local common interest to both the importance. union and state. It includes subjects such It includes subjects such It includes subjects such as as defence of the as police, trade, education, forest, country, foreign affairs, commerce, agriculture trade unions, marriage, banking, and irrigation adoption and succession communications and currency. Only the union Only the state Both the centre and the government can pass government can pass states can make laws on the laws on those subjects laws on this list. subjects. If their laws conflict with each other, the law made by the Union Government will prevail. It has 100 subjects. It has 61 subjects. It has 52 subjects. Residuary subjects- are the leftover subjects which do not fall in any one of the three lists. On the residuary subjects only the union government can legislate e.g., computer software and internet. 3. What are Residuary subjects (powers)? Which tier of government according to 3 16,17 our constitution can make laws on Residuary subjects? Ans: subjects that do not fall in any of the three lists like computer software that came up after the constitution was made. According to our constitution, the Union Government has the power to legislate on these ‘residuary’ subjects. 4 What does List system mean? 1 16 Ans. It is the specific feature of Indian federalism where powers or subjects are divided through the lists like Union List for the union level and State List for the state level. 5. *** If agriculture and commerce are state subjects why do we have ministers of 1 17 the same in the Union Cabinet?NCERT-Pg-17 Ans Hints- Because of the wider prospect of these subjects regarding inter-state trade. So a uniform policy has to be legislated. The agriculture and economic experts are the part of Planning Commission for policy making. 6 ‘Indian federations are formed by ‘holding together’. Justify with three suitable 3 17 examples. / ‘Most of the federations that are formed by holding together do not give equal power to its constituent units’. Explain it in the context of India. Ans. Most of the federations that are formed by holding together do not give equal power to its constituent units because comparatively they are large countries and the central government tends to be more powerful.

i. All States in the Indian Union do not have identical powers. ii. There are some units of the Indian Union which enjoy very little power. These are areas which are too small to become an independent State. Example- Union Territories like Ladakh, Chandigarh, or Lakshadweep or the capital city of Delhi do not have the powers of a State. The Central Government has special powers in running these areas. 7 ‘There are some units of the Indian Union which enjoy very little power’. Why? 1+2 17 Give two examples. / What are called Union Territories? Ans: There are some units of the Indian Union which enjoy very little power. These are areas which are too small to become an independent State but which could not be merged with any of the existing States. These areas, like Chandigarh, or Lakshadweep or the capital city of Delhi, are called Union Territories. These territories do not have the powers of a State. The Central Government has special powers in running these areas.