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I Hi' fPublishtd by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-frofit associationj Ukrainian WeeklУ Vol. LIX No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 50 cents Kravchuk meets with Ukrainians demonstrate across United States Canadian PM, ministers s,000 rally across and business leaders from Whjte House by Christopher Gmly Special to The Ukrainian Weekly by Khristina Lew

OTTAWA - Ukrainian Parliament WASHINGTON - Five thousand Chairman Leonid Kravchuk is confi­ demonstrators, bearing a 25-foot ban­ dent that Canada will recognize his ner stating "Independence Means Free­ country's independence following the dom and Democracy" and waving December 1 referendum. The 57-year- hundreds of Ukrainian national flags, old former Communist leader echoed rallied for U.S. recognition of Ukraine's those feelings throughout last week's independence on September 22 in two-day visit to the nation's capital. Lafayette Park, across from the White "To not recognize it would be similar House. to denying the existence of the sun," Three simultaneous demonstrations said Mr. Kravchuk, who is running in — in Washington, Chicago and Los Ukraine's first presidential election on Angeles — were organized by the December 1. National Committee for U.S.A. Recog­ Shortly after Chairman Kravchuk nition of Ukraine, an ad-hoc commit- was officially welcomed to Canada by tee,:^oi^prismg.--Uie'.-UJcTai'niaii . Агаегь External Affairs Minister Barbara can Coordinating Council and the McDougall last Sunday, September 22, Ukrainian Congress Committee of the excited flag-waving crowd of Ukrai­ America in association with various nian Canadians repeatedly called on the Ukrainian community organizations, to Canadian government to recognize urge President George Bush to recog­ Ukrainian sovereignty. Chairman nize Ukraine's August 24 Act of the Kravchuk avoided entering i:he fray and Declaration of Independence. chose the diplomatic route of wading into the crowd and shaking enthusiastic Busloads of supporters, women's, hands. veterans and youth organizations Almost a month earlier, the Ukrai­ descended on the nation's capital from nian leader had sent a telegram urging the New York and Washington metro­ Prime Minister Brian Mulroney to politan areas, Delaware, Florida, immediately recognize Ukraine's Au­ Massachusetts, New York state, gust 24 declaration of independence. In Pennsylvania and Ohio. Ottawa, Mr. Kravchuk explained that The 1 p.m. rally began with che sing­ the communique had been misinter­ ing of the American national anthem preted and that he had wanted the performed by the Promin Choir of New Canadian government only to accept York. Demonstrators were greeted by the independence manifesto as an Dr. George Soltys, a representative of intention and not as reality prior to the the U ACC, who summarized the objec­ December 1 plebiscite. tives of the rally and introduced the A formal declaration was later signed rally's master and mistress of cere­ between Mrs. McDougall and Ukrai­ monies Eugene Iwanciw, director of І Khristina Lew the Washington Office of the Ukrainian nian Foreign Minister Anatoliy Zlenko, Demonstrators urge President George Bush to recognize Ukraine's independence. (Continued on page 3) (Continued on page 5) Los Angeles expresses solidarity Chicago supports Ukraine's independence

by Maria Cap signs were: recognize independent by Daria Markus nian American Coordinating Council It started with a service in St. Nicholas Special to The Ukrainian Weekly Ukraine; support Ukraine's freedom; Special to The Ukrainian Weekly Cathedral celebrated by Bishop Inno­ solidarity with independent Ukraine; cent Lotocky. Later, a procession from LOS ANGELES - A Ukrainian support independent Ukraine; George, CHICAGO - More than 2,000 St. Volodymyr's Ukrainian Autoce- independence and solidarity rally took support Ukraine, now! people gathered at noon on Sunday, phalous Orthodox Cathedral joined the place here on Sunday, September 22. September 22, at the steps of St. Nicho­ The rally began with invocations by ceremonies outside the church, as Approximately 700 Ukrainian Ameri­ las Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral both Msgr. Peter Leskiw of the Ukrainian people spilled onto adjacent streets that cans and representatives from other to celebrate the declaration of the Catholic Church of the Nativity of the were closed to traffic for the duration of nationalities rallied in support of U- independence of Ukraine and to de­ Blessed Virgin Mary and the Rev. monstrate for recognition of Ukraine's the event. kraine's declaration of independence at Stephen Hallick of St. Andrew's Ukrai­ new status by President George Bush Even though it was a cool and rather the Federal Building on Wilshire Boule­ nian Orthodox Church, followed by the and the U.S. government. cloudy day for this time of the year, vard in Westwood. American anthem and "Zhyvy U- Chicago area Ukrainians were joined numerous blue-and-yellow flags flutter­ Prior to the 1:30 p.m. program, kraino," sung by the Kobzar choir, by Ukrainians from Detroit, Cleveland, ing in the wind brightened the day; it people of all ages marched with ban­ under the direction of Greg Hallick. Minneapolis, Milwaukee and other was a colorful and a pleasant sight to ners, signs and flags along the heavily The rally's opening remarks and cities. behold. There were also many placards traversed Wilshire Blvd. The main purpose were presented in English and The event was organized by the local that displayed such messages as "In banner stated: "Only independence will Ukrainian by the moderators, Thomas branches of the Ukrainian Congress 1988 we voted for U.S.A. president, not bring freedom and democracy to U- Committee of America and the Ukrai­ (Continued on page 4) kraine." Other popular slogans and (Continued on page 4) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39 Byelorussian leader: Chornobyl Newsbriefs has condemned our nation by Ludmilla Thorne onions, leafy green vegetables and from Ukraine fruits continued to be grown on highly NEW YORK - "Since the nuclear contaminated land. reactor explosion of April 1986, one out Also, livestock which was grazing in ^KIEV - On September 7 there was reported Ukrinform/TASS. The two of four persons in Byelorussia lives in contaminated areas, including the 30- a meeting of a commission for the classes, which are free, will be taught by zones of high radiation fallout," said kilometer epicenter of the nuclear election of the Ukrainian president and rabbis from New York who will concen­ Vasil Yakovenko, the president of the accident, was slaughtered and used for for the all-Ukrainian referendum. The trate on modern Hebrew, history and Byelorussian Socio-Ecological Union consumption. Milk from cows which members decided to set up a fund of 80 culture. (RFE/RL Daily Report) million rubles for the preparation and "Chernobyl." grazed on contaminated pastures was ^ MOSCOW - On July 16, an holding of the presidential elections. "And if radiation had a color, the likewise distributed among the people. agreement between the Soviet tele­ entire republic would be kindled by Detailed information on such activi­ Among the 23 candidates are Leonid communications ministry and U.S. bright flames," he told Freedom House ties is continually reported by Nabat. Kravchuk, chairman of the Ukrainian West Inc., announced an increase in the representatives. An anthology of articles from the Supreme Council; Vyacheslav Chor- number of international calls in and out Mr. Yakovenko is also chief editor of Byelorussian newspaper is currently novil, chairman of the Lviv Oblast of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union's the independent weekly newspaper being prepared by Freedom House with Council of people's deputies, Dr. Yuriy only international phone gateway, in Nabat, which focuses primarily on the moral and financial support of Shcherbak, Ukraine's minister of Envi­ Moscow, will be expanded from 1,200 ecological issues. The word "nabat" Alexander Solzhenitsyn's Russian So­ ronmental Protection; and Volodymyr circuits to 15,000. Two new gateways means to ring an alarm or to issue a cial Fund, і Some of the data that has Shynsky, member of the Ukrainian able to handle 4,000 calls each will be warning about a great calamity, and in emerged is щ follows: - Social Democratic Party. installed in Kiev and Leningrad. (The view of Chornobyl's cataclysmic effects ^ During June 10-18,1986, a series of There are 14 political parties, public Washington Times) on Byelorussia, Ukraine and parts of instructions was issued by the Agro- organizations and movements which Russia, the title is well chosen. Industrial Agency of the USSR and the have the right to nominate candidates. 9 KRASNOARMIYSKE - Repre­ During a recent visit to Freedom Soviet Ministry of Health stating that Valentyn Kernenko, a member of the sentatives of miners' collectives met House the Byelorussian editor and 45,000 tons of meat from livestock commission, told Radio Kiev that on here in the Donetske area on July 19 to Nabat's scientific consultant, Prof. which was feeding in the contaminated August 23 they registered the Commu­ discuss the formation of an independent Alexander Lutsko, spoke with special areas of Ukraine, Byelorussia and nist Party's right to enter a candidate, trade union. The conference is a result concern about the plight of the so-called Russia be processed. Out of this total, but that decision was no longer valid of the miners' dissatisfaction with the "liquidators" or young clean-up 29,000 tons were packed in Byelorussia, after the party itself was outlawed by the official trade union organization, the workers who were sent to Chornobyl 4, 000 tons of which were later buried. Supreme Soviet Presidium. However, Federation of Independent Trade without protective clothing or warning ^ The instructions also provided that members of the central committee and Unions, which apparently took a neu­ regarding the hazards of radiation. 2 million tons of milk taken from the former Communists may be nominated tral position regarding the miners' Seven thousand of them have already same cattle be distributed in Byelorus­ for the presidency by any other group or strikes the past spring. (RFE/RL Daily died, he noted. sia, Ukraine and Russia; 1.6 million by themselves. (INTERFAX) Report) Thousands of other young men, tons of powdered milk were prepared (Continued on page 10) many of whom were military reservists, from this milk, half of which was ^ LVIV — Vyacheslav Chornovil, are now suffering from spinal cord consumed by Byelorussia. chairman of the Lviv Regional Council disorders, loss of eyesight, sexual ^ The instructions stipulated that of People's Deputies, stated that he is KGB dissolved disfunction and sterility. And yet, only 10 percent of clean meat be added against the removal of nuclear weapons Soviet authorities refuse to acknowledge to the contaminated portion for the from Ukraine and criticized Russian that these illnesses resulted from expo­ preparation of consumer items such as President Boris Yeltsin for saying that in Ukraine sure to high radiation levels during the sausage, but according to Mr. Yako­ they could be moved to Russia. Mr. by Raisa Rudenko clean-up operation."Howdp you think venko, the actual proportions were two- Chornovil said that he would "take Kiev Press Bureau the mothers must feel about their thirds clean meat to one-third that was every effort" to prevent Russia from government, mothers whose young sons contaminated. doing this. (INTERFAX) KIEV - The Ukrainian Parliament voted on September 23 in a closed have now turned into invalids?" asked ^ Out of the 15,000 tons of food session to dissolve the KGB. Instead, it Prof. Lutsko. products that were prepared from this ^ WARSAW - Polish Foreign Mi­ will create a new national security In Byelorussia 9,546 former clean-up meat, 7,500 tons were consumed in nister Krzysztof Skubiszewski and service, (Sluzhba Natsionalnoyi Bez- workers are currently registered and Byelorussia and the rest were distri­ Ukrainian Foreign Minister Anatoliy peky) which will be absolutely indepen­ have formed support groups, but thou­ buted in Komi, the Urals, Kazakhstan Zlenko signed a joint communique on sands of others are dispersed through­ dent from Moscow. and Georgia. However, Georgia refused September 8 agreeing to establish out the Soviet Union and their health At a press conference held to an­ to use the meat products and returned diplomatic ties in the near future. remains unmonitored. them to Byelorussia. nounce the decision, Vasyl Durdynets, Minister Skubiszewski said that there head of the Ukrainian Supreme Coun­ The two Byelorussian visitors pointed 9 5,000 tons of dry feeds for livestock were no barriers to establishing rela­ out that although the Chornobyl were prepared from the contaminated cil's Committee on Defense and Secu­ tions and exchanging ambassadors now rity, Mykola Holushko, former KGB nuclear power plant complex is located meat. that Ukraine has declared indepen­ in Prypiat, Ukraine, the site of the No. 4 chief and temporary director of the new і 52,000 tons of radioactive bones dence. Minister Zlenko said that the reactor that exploded on April 26,1986, SNB, and People's Deputy Yuriy Ko- from the meat were ground for the establishment of these relations is is about 13 kilometers from the Byelo­ stenko stated that the SNB is a com­ preparation of animal feeds in Byelo­ essential to Europe. (RFE/RL Daily russian border, and the lethally radio­ pletely new entity, although it will take russia. Report) active cloud that was emitted as a result ^ 4,000 tons of the contaminated over the material and technological of the nuclear disaster passed first over meat are currently stocked under refri­ assets of the former KGB. Byelorussia. ^ DONETSKE - A Jewish summer Until the election of a Ukrainian geration by Byelorussia. school organized by Revival, a new As a result, 70 percent of the radio­ ^ On June 27, 1986, the Agro-In­ president, the SNB will answer directly active substances ejected by the explo­ society of Jewish culture, and a local to the Ukrainian Supreme Council and dustrial Agency and the Soviet Ministry Donetske synagogue opened July 14, sion were deposited in five of the of Health also issued instructions its chairman. republic's six regions. This includes 25 regarding the use of eggs, fowl and such towns arid 2,779 villages. More than 18 by-products as 4o-wn, all of which came percent of Byelorussia was covered by from contaminated regions. radioactive fallout. The heaviest con­ ^ During the course of two years FOUNDED 1933 centrations fell on the republic's south­ after the Chornobyl nuclear accident Ukrainian Weelch eastern regions of Gomel and Mogilev. had taken piace, conifers and grasses An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Out of Byelorussia's population of 10 which were growing in the contami­ Association Inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St., Jersey City, NJ. million, today 2.4 million people are nated areas continued to be milled into 07302. living in areas that are highly contami­ cattlefeed, thus adding to the over-all nated with cesium-137 and other radio­ internal radiation level of the Byelo­ Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, NJ. 07302. active isotopes. "The world is used to russian population. (ISSN - 0273-9348) thinking that Chornobyl is essentially a ^ In addition to military reservists, Ukrainian tragedy, but it's not," said coal miners and Afghanistan veterans Yearly subscription rate: S20; for UNA members - S10. Mr. Yakovenko. In addition to Ukraine were among the 600,000 clean-up and Byelorussia, certain parts of Rus­ Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper. workers. Radiation doses to which they sia, most notably Tula, Kaluga, Briansk n were exposed were arbitrarily deter­ The Weekly a 1 Svoboda: UNA: and Voronezh were also devastated by mined by officials and higher military (201) 434-02o/, -0807, -3036 (201) 451-2200 nuclear fallout. officers and entered into their docu­ In addition, the internal radiation ments. Very often the data was simply Postmaster, send address changes to: dose of the entire Byelorussian popula­ made up. The 7,000 death toll was Editor-in-chief. Roma Hadzewycz tion is higher than normal because The Ukrainian Weekly Associate editors: Marta Kolomayets provided by the All-Union Chornobyl Chrystyna Lapychak (Kiev) irradiated food products were distri­ Organization. P.O. Box 346 Jersey City, N.J. 07303 Assistant editor Khristina Lew buted within the republic as well as ^ 4.82 million people are currently beyond Byelorussia's borders. During living in radioactive zones of Byelorus­ The Ukrainian Weekly, September 29, 1991, No. 39, Vol. LIX the first four years after the nuclear sia, Ukraine and Russia. Copyright 1991 by The Ukrainian Weekly accident, potatoes, grains, cucumbers, (Continued on page 15) No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 3

Kravchuk addresses myriad issues on eve of North American trip by Chrystyna Lapychak if I have a chance, perhaps even govern­ invite businessmen from abroad. But we But we agreed that we won't take Kiev Press Bureau mental circles. But it will depend on need time for that. what the center decided to give us, but Following is the conclusion of Chair­ how the negotiations will go, talks, It's not possible to do it as quickly as we will take what we need and we will man Leonid Kravchuks press confer­ meetings with business people. we would like to. We've started taking bear responsibility for it and we will be ence with American and Canadian 1 have intentions to meet — well, the most decisive, steps only after the aware of our part in paying it back. That journalists in Kiev on the eve of his when President Bush was here he declaration of independence. New means if we don't need grain to make departure for Canada and the United confirmed that when I come to the opportunities have arisen, but it's only bread, but need beans, we'll take the States. United States, to the United Nations, he less than a month since its adoption. beans. If we won't need meat or milk, The American journalists present has the intention of meeting with me. Of then we won't take any. We'll take only course 111 take advantage of the oppor­ Daniel Sneider: At the State Council that which we need and will be respon­ were: Roman Ferencevych of Voice of meeting Monday it was agreed that America, Christine Demkowych of The tunity of meeting him, to give him sible for. detailed information about events in the the Committee on Economic Manage­ New York Times and Baltimore Sun, ment would coordinate all of the food Daniel Sneider of The Christian Science former USSR and Ukraine. Because besides everything, I am a member of and other aid from foreign countries to Daniel Sneider: Let me just follow Monitor, Juan Tamaya of The Miami the Soviet Union and would centralize this up a second. Mr. Luzhkov is in Herald, Lisa Trei of The San Francisco the State Council, the state organiza­ tion today which tackles all acute the receipt of that aid and its distribu­ Brussels and London discussing aid Chronicle and Chrystyna Lapychak of tion. Is that the way you understand this with the E.C. Now are you going to have The Ukrainian Weekly. Also included foreign and domestic affairs. That's why ЧИ inform him not only about Ukraine, decision, that it means that Ukraine will to go through Mr. Luzhnov and tell him was Natalia Feduschak of Canadian not be receiving aid directly, but it will what you need and then he is going to Press. but about the processes which are under way in other republics and especially all go through the economic manage­ negotiate that for the whole union? about the future of the union. ment committee, headed by Ivan How is this going to work? Christine Demkowych: I have two Silayev? questions. Back to Mr. Kravchuk's trip Naturally, we have some primary to the U.S. - are you going to ask for agreements with the state of Iowa about Mr. Kravchuk: I have an amibivalent Mr. Kravchuk: Of course, but we direct economic aid from the U.S.? their selling us some corn. I mean to say attitude toward this. Of course I would don4 know what kind of agreements Secondly, in your speeches, you that this appears to be going some­ like Ukraine to get credits by itself and Mr. Luzhkov will make, how much frequently speak about support of an where. buy everything it needs. But my wish is credit hell get. When he will know that independent Ukraine and the need to About the second question. I na­ just my wish. I have already mentioned he will get credit worth, say 10 billion, to transform the economy into a free turally support the transfer to a market that foreign banks and companies stress buy this of that with that 10 billion, well market system. Other times, however, economy. Speaking today during a their desire to do business only with the tell him that we ask for 1 billion out of you speak of a need to implement an symposium I said, I tried to assert that center. It surprises us, somehow. this 10 billion, and that we need these and these consumer goods with this administrative command system. These we have no other choice, that we have to We have a young economy, a young two schools of thought are contradic­ decisively take this route. It's not billion. And so well take it and we will democracy, and it seems that in order to be responsible for it, but now its just a tory. Which one do you ultimately possible to build up a market mecha­ support us practical measures are problem of studying it while Mr. support? nism on the old administrative system necessary. But I understand business- Luzhkov doesn't know what hell be and we must do this as soon as possible, people: they wouldn't dare take any given yet. Mr. Kravchuk: I'm going to ask for psychologically, professionally work" risks. That is its become more than a some kind of aid from business people, out all the details, to educate people, wish for us, but a necessity. (Continued on page 12) nada-Ukraine Business Council would Chretien. The Ukrainian leader said who assured reporters that the opposi­ Kravchuk meets... increase its bilateral activities and that a that all were pleased with his country's tion continued to be very much alive in new International Association of Com­ jEnove towards democratic refornj. Ukraine. Mr. Yukhnovsky, it should be (Continued from page 1) munity Colleges in Ukraine will begin Yet, when asked abouthis own recent noted, also is chairman of the Ukrainian in which both countries agreed to offering six-month practical training renunciation of his Communist roots, Parliament's Committee on Education establish exchange program in politics, courses in Canada. Mr. Kravchuk skillfully sidestepped the and Science. the economy, science, technology, question: "Not many people can say Sitting to the right of the president, Mr. Kravchuk said that plans for a who smiled nervously, Mr. Yukhnov­ education and sports. The brief docu­ Ukrainian diplomatic mission in the that what they believed five years ago is ment also stated that the two would also what they believe today." sky added that he would join Mr. country have yet to be finished. How­ Kravchuk in the December presidential "respect the free and democratic choice ever, Dr. Volodymyr Onyskiw, a re­ The Parliament chairman said he of the people of Ukraine and be guided race. The Ukrainian Canadian Con­ tired biologist, has already donated didn't find it unusual that he was gress hopes to be included in any team by the principles of international law." property, on land between Ottawa and traveling with opposition leader Mr. Mr. Kravchuk, who became chair­ of international observers which may be Montreal, on which to house consular Yukhnovsky. In fact, he lauded the organized to travel to Kiev for the man of the Ukrainian Parliament last staff. "excellent working relationship" he has July, predicted that 80 percent of plebiscite. Chairman Kravchuk also held pri­ shared with the democratic National Prior to leaving for a one-day visit to Ukrainians would vote for indepen­ Council. dence. Secretary of State McDougall, vate meetings with the prime minister, Toronto, Chairman Kravchuk also who opened the Canadian Consulate in Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn, However, when referring to Mr. toured the Ukrainian Canadian centen­ Kiev earlier this month., said that her Deputy Prime Minister Don Mazan- Yukhnovsky as the "former" opposition nial exhibit at the Canadian Museum of government looked forward to assisting kowski, who is also Canada's finance leader during a news conference, Mr. Civilization. His wife, Antonina, Ukraine with developing a market minister, and Opposition Leader Jean Kravchuk was corrected by his colleague followed her own private program. economy. Canada recently announced S5 mil­ lion in technical assistance and up to S50 million in credits for Ukraine. Following his trip to Ottawa, Chairman Kravchuk also walked away with Cana­ dian pledges to cultivate the agricultural and transportation sectors, along with an agreement by the Canadian Bank Note Company to produce Ukraine's new currency. In return, he insisted that Ukraine would become a non-nuclear state that would neither "accept, produce or acquire nuclear weapons." In its new independence, Chairman Kravchuk added that the former Soviet republic would abolish censorship, respect hu­ man rights and promote private pro­ perty. He singled out Canada for special praise. "As a model to build on, Canada holds the most appeal to us," he said. The Ukrainian delegation, which included Ihor Yukhnovsky, chairman of the National Council and Foreign Trade Minister Volodymyr Krav- chenko, also entered cooperative ventures with the Ukrainian Canadian Congress (UCC). Following a closed- door meeting, UCC President Dr. Canada's Prime Minister Brian Mulroney (right) meets with Leonid Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn welcomes the Dmytro Cipywnyk said that the Ca­ Kravchuk. chairman of Ukraine's Supreme Council, 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 - No. 39 Chicago... Los Angdes... Chicago Sun-Times editorial (Continued from page 1) (Continued from page 1) Daniels and Stephen Schmotoiocha, Gorbachev's messenger," " 'New Union' chairman of the board of directors of urging Ukraine's recognition - a new cell in the old prison," "No the California Committee to Aid U- Following is the full text of an editorial that appeared in the Chicago Sun- Union Treaty - Independence." kraine. They noted that in Los Angeles, Times on Wednesday, September 25, calling on the U.S. government to In his opening remarks, Orest Ba- the Ukrainian communities of Califor­ recognize Ukraine's independence. The editorial was headlined "Recognize ranyk, president of the Chicago branch nia and Arizona have joined other Ukraine Sovereignty." It is the first editorial by a major U.S. newspaper of the UCCA, summarized the objec­ Ukrainian Americans nationwide in urging recognition of Ukraine as an independent state. tives of the rally: to celebrate Ukraine's supporting the people of Ukraine, independence; to demand that Presi­ showing solidarity with their declara­ After existing for most of this century as an appendage to the Soviet Union, dent Bush promptly recognize the tion of independence, and calling upon the republic of Ukraine is joining the parade of nations once subordinate to independence of Ukraine by establish­ the United States and other world the Soviets inasserting full independence. It is a status to which Ukrainians ing diplomatic relations; and to show governments to recognize Ukraine's are both legally and justly entitled. the solidarity of American Ukrainians independence and to establish full It would be in the interest of the United States, as the free world's chief with the democratic forces in Ukraine. ^ diplomatic relations with Ukraine. drum-beater for the right of self-determination, to recognize Ukraine as a Mr. Baranyk also pointed out that if The main speaker, Los Angeles City sovereign state. the referendum on independence in Councilman Zev Yaroslavsky (whose The Ukrainian Parliament, in its August 24 declaration of independence, Ukraine is to succeed, it is necessary to parents are from Ukraine), called on the acted in accord with the terms of Ukraine's becoming part of the USSR seven send observation teams to prevent fraud United States government to recognize decades ago. The Ukrainian constitution included a formal right to withdraw during voting. the "free and democratic forces that are froin the Soviet Union, as well as authority for Ukraine to have its own armed Among the guest speakers was the at work in Ukraine" and to endorse forces and (in theory) to conduct its own foreign policy as an "equal" of the Soviet Union and a founding member of the United Nations. consul general of Lithuania, Jaclouas Ukraine's declaration of independence Kleiza, who said that he believes in of August 24. We see no compelling reason for delaying U.S. recognition of Ukraine's independence and sovereignty. miracles because of what has happened to Lithuania. He added that he believes Criticizing President George Bush for such a miracle will also happen to his delay in recognizing ti?.e indepen­ Jewish, Russian or Greek, Armenian or Oblast and director of the Taras Shev- Ukraine. dence of Lithuania, Estonia and Latvia, chenko Museum in Kaniv, addressed Councilman Yaroslavsky called on Mr. Polish." Other representatives of the Baltic What Ukrainians want, he said, is to the crowd in Ukrainian, asking the states have also voiced their support of Bush to "be the leader that we expect American government and people to our president to be and not wait until it "build, create and to prosper in their Ukraine and expressed their thanks for own homeland, and to cherish their support and recognize an independent the support Ukrainians have given in is convenient or safe; not wait until Ukraine. there has been another putsch; not wait ancient culture, language and traditions the past to the Baltic nations in their until there have been another three or without barring anyone else from struggle for independence. cherishing their own." He was followed by Zoryana Keske, a 300 people killed in the streets." He student of Pierce College and UCLA, Illinois State Rep. Myron Kulas called on the U.S. government to "be Another guest from Ukraine, Dr. who read her poem, "Ukraine," dedi­ admitted that he had not believed he among the first nations" to recognize Victor Korenha of Kiev, also an active cated to the Los Angeles rally. would see Ukraine independent in his Ukraine's independence and "not wait member of Rukh and the official Rukh lifetime - until he visited Ukraine last for half the world to do so" before representative to California, strongly Taras Masnyj, president of UCCA in year. The local chapter of Friends of deciding to act. affirmed Ukraine's desire to be a free Phoenix, Ariz., encouraged Ukrainian Rukh sponsored the trip of both Mr. and independent state. Americans to spread the word, write Kulas and State Sen. Walter Dudycz Ihor Lesyk, rally chairman, and letters, send telegrams, publish news­ during parliamentary elections in 1990. Alexander Rivnyi, president of the He supported Ukraine's push for paper editorials, etc., between now and There, Rep. Kulas said he "saw the Ukrainian Congress Committee of independence with historical facts. He the December 1 referendum on U- spirit that will make^Ukraine free." America (UCCA) in Los Angeles, pointed out: 20 million Ukrainians kraine's independence. welcomed the crowd in Ukrainian and perished in this century alone, due to State Sen. Dudycz also ap­ English and encouraged the people to wars, Communist tyranny, concentra­ The rally ended with a reading of the pealed to President Bush for recogni­ take action. Mr. Lesyk stated that tion camps and the great famine of resolution for prompt recognition of tion of Ukraine's independence "as soon supporting and/or restructuring the 1932-1933. The number of victims from Ukrainian independence, followed by as practically possible." Russian empire would be a major the Chornobyl nuclear catastrophe still greetings of support from foreign cannot be calculated. Also, "ethnic governments and other nationalities in The city of Chicago was represented historical mistake for the United States by Alderman Louis Gutierrez, who also and the world as a whole. assimilation, Russification and forced Southern California. A strong delega­ expulsion" have taken a toll on the tion from the national government of visited Ukraine a year ago. "The next According to Dr. Yuri Shevchuk, Ukrainian population and culture. Vietnam actively participated in the time I visit Ukraine," he said to the deputy from Rivne, Ukraine, and an rally and a representative from Demo­ delight of demonstrators, "my passport Quoting poetess Lesya Ukrainka — cratic China was present. Polish, will be stamped by a Ukrainian, not active member of Rukh, Ukraine's "a nation which endured enslavement centuries-old struggle for freedom and Lithuanian and Byelorussians repre­ Soviet, stamp." will never want to enslave another sentatives addressed the rally, support­ independence has "entered a decisive nation," — Dr. Korenha assured the The keynote speaker was to be Rep. stage." This struggle, led by the alliance ing Ukraine's declaration of indepen­ Henry Hyde, who was unable to attend world that Ukraine has no desire to dence. of democratic, anti-Communist parties occupy or threaten any foreign terri­ and only sent his greetings, as did Sens. and organizations, such as Rukh, the tory, nor to change any borders. By the end of the rally, some 500 Alan Dixon and Paul Simon, Rep. Popular Movement of Ukraine, has — "Having been oppressed for centuries, signatures supporting the resolution William Lipinski and Gov. Jim Edgar. "openly declared that their primary and Ukraine wants to join the world com­ were gathered. The Ukrainian national All of them indicated their support ultimate goal is the independent state of munity as an equal among equals," he anthem officially closed the rally for the independence of Ukraine. Ukraine, based on democracy, respect said. around 4 p.m. The rally's proceedings of individual rights and freedom for Other speakers were representatives were well-covered by the local news of the Latvian Popular Front, the everyone who considers Ukraine to be A third speaker from Ukraine, Ihor media (TV Channels 5 and 9) that same their motherland, be they Ukrainian or American Jewish Committee and Po­ Likhovyi, deputy of the Cherkasy evening. lish American Congress. The second part of the program was conducted in the Ukrainian language. The chief speakers were Zenoviy Tur- kalo, president of the Chicago chapter of the UACC, and Dr. Myroslav Char- kewycz. In his lengthy speech Dr. Charkewycz brought up the issue of the "shameful" referendum on independence sche­ duled to be held in Ukraine on Decem­ ber 1. In the leaflet announcing the demonstration, "shameful referendum" headed the agenda, but actually this issue was not emphasized in the English- language part of the program. After Andriy Skyba read rally resolu­ tions, a short program performed by the Surma men's choir, director by Roman Andrushko, followed. The event ended with singing of the Ukrainian national anthem. The demonstration was covered by local television stations and the leading daily newspapers, the Chicago Tribune Scene of Los Angeles rally near the city's federai building. and Chicago Sun-Times. Mo. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 5 5,000 rally... (Continued from page 1)

Philadelphia area Ukrainians wear traditional Hutsul garb. Young SUM-A members wave the Ukrainian national flag during Hrono's "Ukraino."

IChrystyna Ferencevych Across from the White House, a host of signs gives compelling reasons for U.S. recognition. Tamara Gallo and Eugene Iwanciw, rally MC s . National Association, and Tamara Comparative Political and Economic Gallo, assistant director of the Systems, former president of the UCCA Resolution of national rallies Ukrainian National Information Ser­ and current chairman of the National vice. Captive Nations Committee. for recognition of Ukraine Archbishop Antony of the Ukrainian Dr. Dobriansky detailed America's Autocephalous Orthodox Church and birth into independence and its subse­ Resolution of national rallies for U.S. recognition of Ukrainian Msgr. John Bura of the Ukrainian quent move toward democracy, and independence adopted in Washington, Chicago and Los Angeles on Sunday, Catholic Church prayed for Ukraine's demanded that the people of Ukraine be September 22. people and the nation's independence. independent first and choose their Ms. Gallo then introduced the rally's federation, confederation or common­ Whereas, on August 24, 1991, the Ukrainian Parliament declared first speaker, Dr. Gregory Stanton, wealth later. Ukrainian independence and the creation of an independent and democratic human rights advocate noted for his The following speaker, Dr. Constan- state - Ukraine; activism in exposing the Cambodian tine Menges, professor and author, Whereas, the said declaration was a manifestation of the will of the genocide, legal consultant to the de­ senior federal official on foreign policy Ukrainian people to live freely on its own ancestral land; fense of People's Deputy Stepan issues (including transitions to demo­ Whereas, Ukrainian history from the Kievan state in the 10th century to the Khmara and professor of law currently cracy) and former assistant to the Declaration of August 24,1991, constitutes a lengthy chain in the struggle of affiliated with the American University president on national security affairs the Ukrainian people to assume their rightful place among the free nations of in Washington. under the Reagan administration, the world; Dr. Stanton quoted from a speech he spoke on behalf of the Center for Whereas, August 24, 1991, is the realization of the national aspirations of delivered in Kiev's Independence Security Policy, a Washington think- the undaunted people of Ukraine who have endured much suffering Square on May 13: tank. Dr. Menges stated that he would throughout the centuries, perhaps best symbolized by the man-made expect the U.S. president to recognize genocidal famine of 1932-1933, when 7 to 10 million Ukrainian innocents "As I look today at your sunlit faces, Ukraine's independence after the De­ perished at the hands of their oppressors; shining with hope, I know that the cember 1 referendum and lead other Whereas, the Ukrainian people have overcome centuries of ruthless future of Ukraine is bright. I know that free nations to do the same. subjugation, most recently almost 75 years of foreign communist your long night beneath the oppressive He encouraged Ukrainians to forgive totalitarianism and oppression, and have decisively expressed their dark cloud of communism is nearly the past, "as was so well done in Poland, unequivocal will to national independence on August 24, 1991; over. Because communism runs counter to the current of freedom. Like a huge to move on to the future, and to build Now, therefore be it resolved that Ukrainian Americans gathered at public peace and harmony in Ukraine." rallies throughout these United States, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, in dam of ice, communism blocks the Washington, Chicago and Los Angeles, on this 22nd day of September, 1991, channels of creativity; and in Perm's Kirill Goncharenko, special assistant send their heartfelt greetings to the people of Ukraine and assure them of our winter cold it tries to freeze the human to Sen. Alfonse D'Amato (R-N.Y.), wholehearted support for the Declaration of Ukrainian Independence of heart. But the ice of communism is read a statement of support from the August 24, 1991; melting, and the river of life will again senator, who was unable to attend the Furthermore, Ukrainian Americans throughout these United States vow run warm...Free all political prisoners! rally. with all their strength and vigor to assist in giving tangible realization to the Free Ukraine!" "Sen. D'Amato has repeatedly urged newly re-established independent and democratic state - Ukraine; Taras Petrynenko and Hrono, U- President Bush to recognize the sover­ Furthermore, we turn to our American government to give genuine kraine's leading rock band, then took eignty and independence of Ukraine, support to the people of Ukraine by officially recognizing the Declaration of the stage to sing "Hospody Pomyluy" and of every republic that democrati­ Independence; and (Lord Have Mercy). cally elects to be free. There is no reason Furthermore, we appeal to President George Bush and the government of to wait — if the Ukrainian people "Recognize Ukraine now to avoid choose to be free, then freedom must be the United States of America to manifest full support and recognition by American agony later!" declared the establishing relations with the government and people of Ukraine thereby rally's second speaker, Dr. Lev Do- theirs." gaining for these United States a true and committed ally in Eastern Europe briansky, former ambassador to the Mr. Goncharenko stated that Sen. and enhancing the position of democracy in what was formerly the Soviet Bahamas under the Reagan administra­ D'Amato has called for the replacement Union by strengthening the standing of an independent Ukraine within the tion, Georgetown University professor of the Ukrainian and Byelorussian international community of democratic states. and former director of its Institute of (Continued on page 10) THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39

AN ANALYSIS Ukrainian Weelclv Ukraine's economic prospects Ignore the republics by Dr. David Marples has been the location of unrest for over There has been considerable specula­ two years, and 15 percent of this coal at your own risk tion as to which of the former Soviet basin lies on Russian territory. Aside The Wall Street Journal recently reported the following: republics could become viable econo­ from the Crimea, Donetske Obtest has "The massive changes sweeping the Soviet Union since last month's mic entities. The consensus is that after the highest proportion of Russian 2 abortive coup caught the Bush administration flat-footed. Even as the Russia, Ukraine has the best chances of dwellers in Ukraine. balance of Soviet power shifted to the leaders of the 12 remaining republics, survival as a European state with a Thus relations with Russia are likely the administration initially clung to a Moscow-oriented approach, highly developed economy. to be very important in this region. encouraging the retention of a significant central authority." Yet the picture remains a bleak one. During the three coal miners' strikes of Indeed, thus far, President George Bush and his administration have failed Although Ukraine has an advanced 1989, 1990 and 1991, close relations to realize the importance of the former USSR's republics. They have also industry and has been a major source of were forged between miners of the failed miserably at understanding the motivations of the diverse nationalities grain crops (of winter wheat in parti­ Donetske and Kuznetsk Basins. cular), a declining standard of living of that part of the world who have only recently begun to speak their minds. Ukraine is the second most populous had been forecasted by its economic (One example - need we remind our readers? - was President Bush's speech territory of the former Soviet Union, experts for the period 1991-1995, even an Kiev to the Ukrainian Parliament. This was the speech that subsequently with a population of 51.4 million. It has had to be explained to the public on the op-ed page of The New York Times before the August 24 declaration of independence. accounted for about 25 percent of the by National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft, an address that one senior Soviet GNP, and in certain sectors the official this week called "an unfortunate speech.") This paper will show Ukraine's major advantages and weaknesses, and percentage was much higher. In 1989, "I'm sure, given what Bush is doing and saying, that he doesn't understand Ukraine accounted for 16.2 percent of what's happening," Marshall Goldman of the Russian Research Institute at what sort of prospects lie ahead for Ukraine economically. The remarks the general national income produced. Harvard University told a WSJ reporter. He added, "The advice has been This placed the republic in second place very poor." that follow, as with any statements on the future of the former territories of the in the USSR, after Russia. However, if And yet, it is not only the Bush administration, but Western leaders in one looks at the generation of national general, who have continued to insist that "Soviet" politics are focused on the Soviet Union, have to be qualified with the phrase "pending future political income per head of population, Ukraine so-called center in Moscow and that the republics — some utterly alienated falls to sixth place, behind the three from that center — continue to deal with the West through Moscow. developments." For the most part, the assumption is made that relations Baltic republics, Russia and Byelorus­ American and other Western economic officials have insisted to the sia.3 republics that if they want substantial financial assistance they must maintain between Ukraine and its once and What are Ukraine's main strengths? some sort of central control over the economy. While visiting the USSR future economic partners will be ami­ First, it possesses a number of key Secretary of State James Baker basically told the republics that requests for cable. industries, it is, as noted, a vital reposi­ aid should emanate from one source rather than many different sources — In contrast to the Baltic republics, tory of coking coal. It has a well again, the center. Ukraine's declaration of independence has not received international recogni­ developed metallurgical and machine The Wall Street Journal explained that one reason for this preoccupation building industry. It has accounted in with the "center," is that the Bush administration "has largely ignored the tion. Arguably Canada has come very close to agreeing to such recognition if the past for the production of about half handful of specialists in and out of government who have been urging it for the USSR's chemicals, particularly some time to focus on the politics and problems of the diverse republics." the referendum vote on the subject is a positive one. In particular, Canadian caustic soda and sulfuric acid. It is the Today, as a result, the U.S. is unprepared for the issues being raised by External Affairs minister, Barbara largest producer of sugar. In 1989, individual republics' leaders, including one Leonid Kravchuk. The McDougall, made what amounted Ukraine accounted for more than 50 administration now finds itself in the position of having to play catch-up on almost to a pledge during a recent visit percent of granulated sugar produced in the issues, while it postpones any decisions on relations with the republics. to Kiev. the USSR (7 million out of 13.3 million 4 Are we surprised? No. But we can't help but point out that the U.S. and the Her remarks on the subject followed tons). West have been ignoring the republics and the nationalities at their own risk. those of Canadian Governor-General In agriculture, Ukraine produced Ray Hnatyshyn, who informed a ban­ some 21 percent of all agricultural quet in commemoration of 100 years of output in the USSR in 1989, and has Ukrainian settlement in Canada, that been known as an important source of the country should endorse a "free winter wheat, technical and feed crops. Turning the pages back.. Ukraine." Prior to this speech, Mr. It has also been posited that Ukraine's Hnatyshyn had received a personal shipbuilding industry might be an request from Leonid Kravchuk, chair­ important source of future exports that man of the Ukrainian Parliament, that would bring needed hard currency into 5 On October 2,1983, the long-awaited dedication of Babi Canada recognize independent U- the republic. kraine.1 However, Canadian diplomats Yar Memorial Park in Denver took place in the presence of (Continued on page 13) some 300 area Jews, Ukrainians, and others. A memorial to generally have used more guarded 200,000 men and women and children - 100,000 of them Jews - who were language on the question. Some economic experts have posited 1. The author attended the function in slaughtered by the Nazis at a ravine outside of Kiev known as Babyn Yar, the park question. See also Edmonton Journal, was the result of 12 years of planning and fund-raising by the Babi Yar Park that Ukraine is in a strong position in August 30, 1991. Foundation, and three years of cooperative efforts by the foundation and the terms of its economic power. It is 2. See the statistics on the ethnic compo­ Ukrainian Babyn Yar Park Committee. expected that a new currency will soon sition of Ukraine as compiled by Adrian The main inscription on the monument reads: "In memoriam to the 200,000 replace the ruble (though the mecha­ Karmazyn, based on Ukrainian statistics. victims who died, Babi Yar, Kiev, Ukraine, USSR, September 29, 1941 - nics of exchange with other republics The Ukrainian Weekly, September 8, 1991, November 6, 1943, the majority Jews, with Ukrainians and others." remain to be elaborated). Trading p. 2. Among the speakers at the dedication ceremony was Gen. Petro Grigorenko, agreements with Russia and Byelorus­ 3. V. Heyets, "Makroekonomichnyi former Soviet political prisoner and member of the Ukrainian and Moscow sia ratified late last year have been Prohnoz Rozvytku Ekonomiky Ukrainy do 1995 Roku," Ekonomika Radyanskoy, Helsinki monitoring groups. Gen. Grigorenko reviewed historical events that confirmed since the failed coup. Yet Ukraine's industry remains closely Ukrainy, No. 4 (April 1991), p. 18. affected both Ukrainians and Jews, noting that Jews had played a part in Ukraine's 4. "Narodnoe Khoziaystvo SSSR v 1989g: struggle for independence, and emphasizing cooperation between Ukrainian and linked to that of the RSFSR, and Statisticheskii Ezhegodnik," Mosco ^, 1990, Jewish dissidents in the Soviet Union. Ukraine has been dependent on Russian p. 495. Ivan Stebelsky, chairman of the Ukrainian Babyn Yar Park Committee, later fuel for the past several years for its 5. See, for example, John Tedstrom, wrote: "Our common park in Denver is dedicated to all victims of German atrocities energy, metallurgical and machine- "Industrial Conversion in Ukraine: Policies in the tragic ravine. It is the magnificent project of many idealistic and dedicated building industries. The Donbas Coal­ and Prospects," Report on the USSR, Vol. and progressive people on both sides, Ukrainians and Jews with vision who field, a source of valuable coking coal, 3, No. 34, August 23, 1991, p. 15. believed in a better future based on historical facts, and not on hatred and stereo­ type, prejudice, myth and so on. We were trying to build the bridge of understand­ ing, good will and cooperation between our two nations." Perhaps that is why this year, when the news media again began reporting UNA Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine inaccurate information about the Babyn Yar tragedy, in conjunction with Presi­ dent George Bush's visit there and the 50th anniversary of the beginning of the killings at the ravine, Mr. Stebelsky once again took action. In two letters to the The Home Office of the Ukrainian National Intermountain Jewish News (one of which, thus far, has been published), Mr. Association reports that, as of September 21, Stebelsky, who has done extensive research into the Babyn Yar massacres, fraternal organization's newly established attempted to set the record straight in that newspaper. Mr. Stebelsky took excep­ Fund for the Rebirth of Ukraine has received tion to that newspaper's statement that "Jews have long accused the Ukrainians 9,084 checks from its members with donations of their own heritage of ardent anti-Semitism and an especially close collaborative totalling 5225,658.47. The contributions relationship with their German invaders. Such charges have strong foundation." include individual members' donations, as The Intermountain Jewish News went on to note: "What kept the fire of Jewish- well as returns of members' dividend checks Ukrainian distrust burning was a screaming silence on the Jewish loss at Babi Yar." and interest payments on promissory notes. However, it did add that, "For the first time, Ukrainians seem ready to do the difficult work of facing up to their complicity in the worst horror of history" and saluted the "new Ukrainian approach" as exemplified by the 50th anniversary (Continued on page 11) Mo. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR undergone fission over when to cele­ Nationalities brate Christmas. This despite the fact Faces and Places that the date originally was chosen in and Sovietology order to co-opt a pagan solstice festival. by Myron B. Kuropas Dear Editor: 4) In Prof. Subtelny's masterful Dr. Myron Kuropas' column "Poor history of Ukraine I learned that U.S. George, Poor Mikhail" (September 1) Ukrainians did have one overarching makes a major point regarding the past group like the Canadians' UCC, but it Will the Israelis do and present status of Sovietology in the fissioned when the Bandera faction U.S. took it over. "Bandera faction"? You On the whole, Prof. Jerry Hough mean 45 years after the war people are right by John Demjanjuk? typically represents mainstream aca- still fighting those anachronistic battles? "New evidence uncovered in the This is insanity. salem Post last August. "At this stage demia's position vis-a-vis the Soviet Soviet Union has turned our case the prosecution cannot change its Union and the non-existence and/ or The most recent entry in this hall of around 180 degrees" declared Yoram strategy and emphasis." relevance of the republics and their shame, as even Yuriy Shukhevych has Sheftel, John Demjanjuk's defense nation peoples. Unfortunately, the already observed, is the disorganized attorney on Sunday, September 15. "The prosecution hasn't learned its realistic analysis of Prof. Richard Pipes way in which the U.S. Ukrainian com­ lesson," Mr. Sheftel told his Ukrainian munity has responded to Ukraine's Speaking to some 100 Ukrainians audience. is a lone voice in the ranks of the upper gathered at a forum sponsored by stratum of Sovietologists. current situation. There must be a Asked if he thought Mr. Demjanjuk thousand "Committees to Aid Ukraine" Chicago's Ukrainian American Justice would be returned to the United States, Fortunately, in the rank and file were, Committee, Mr. Sheftel added: "Every and are, a small but active number of and "Funds for Victims of Chornobyl." Mr. Sheftel answered in the affirmative. My late father attributed this ten­ child of 10 years old who reviews this "Mr. Demjanjuk was extradited to prominent scholars who devoted their new material will tell you that Ivan lives to the study of the many peoples of dency to "otamanshchyna," and I Israel to stand trial for crimes of suppose that there is a strong centrifugal Demjanjuk is definitely not Ivan the Treblinka, nothing else. Since he didn't the Soviet Union. Most of them have Terrible." written major books and articles on current throughout Ukrainian history. commit any crimes at Treblinka he Well, it's time for us youngsters (I'm 27) All that is needed to free the accused should be returned to the United various republics: such as R. Suny on States." Georgia, T. Swietochowski on Azer­ to reject the old divisions and refuse to in a criminal case is to demonstrate baijan, J. Armstrong on Ukraine, and play along. Only in this way will thou­ reasonable doubt regarding guilt, Mr. "But will the OSI convince Israel to R. Hovannisian on Armenia. sands of disaffected younger Ukrai­ Sheftel pointed out. "In our defense of keep Mr. Demjanjuk incarcerated? Significantly, they supported a major nians be attracted to the community, Mr. Demjanjuk we provided far more someone asked, "and pursue other scholarly journal, Nationalities Papers. and only if we accomplish this can we be evidence, and raised much more rea­ possibilities?" Nationalities Papers, devoted expli­ of value to our (everybody's) "batkiv- sonable doubt than is ordinarily re­ citly and exclusively to the study of the shchyna." quired, but it wasn't enough," he said. "This is not an OSI political situa­ national minorities in Eastern Europe "We realized that our only hope to save tion," replied Mr. Sheftel. "Israel will and the USSR, was founded in 1972 by Stephen Sokolyk, M.D. Mr. Demjanjuk's life was to prove his do what has to be done." Prof. Stephan M. Horak and edited by Edina, Minn. innocence. Thanks to perestroika, we've One wonders. Israel should have done him until his death in 1985. done just that." many things in the Demjanjuk case and didn't. NP is distributed widely throughout What to do Ironically, it was the prosecution When the Demjanjuk case was about the international scholarly community, which provided the exculpatory evi­ to start I met with the Israeli consul including the USSR, systematically about the "the" dence. Hoping to strengthen what was general in Chicago. "Will Israel pay for promoting the view of the USSR as a obviously a weak case before the Israeli Dear Editor: the defense costs of the Demjanjuk multinational empire. NP is proud to Supreme Court, the prosecution tra­ family if they are destitute?" I asked. I have received generous support from As you are undoubtedly aware, veled to Moscow and brdu^ht !^clc ; during recent months Western press was assured that Israel would. Israel the Shevchenko Scientific Society some 15,000 related Nazi and KGB didn't do that. (USA), and has regularly published coverage of the events unfolding in documents. None of the documents articles on Ukraine over the span of two Ukraine has increased considerably. confirmed Mr. Demjanjuk's presence at Israel should have prevented the trial decades. While this may have raised public Treblinka. On the contrary, 20 former from becoming a bloodlust circus and The above information might be of consciousness regarding Ukraine's Treblinka guards who testified at Soviet banned all public pre-trial denuncia­ interest to your readers to show that existence, I strongly believe that the use war crimes trials between 1946 and the tions of Mr. Demjanjuk by high-rank­ within the scholarly community are of the definite ; article "the" before 1960s agreed that two men, Nikolai ing Israeli officials. Israel didn't do that. those well-equipped to grapple with the Ukraine on the part of the English press Shilayev and Ivan Marchenko, ope­ is a serious degradation of Ukrainians Israel should have blocked scores of problems of each of the republics. rated the gas chamber; Marchenko was Israeli schoolchildren from visiting the Whether the State Department will and their homeland. identified as Ivan the Terrible. The To this end, I suggest the Ukrainian courtroom to view a real live "Nazi." avail itself of their services and whether guards' description of Marchenko who Israel didn't do that. academia will pay more attention to press initiate a full-scale letter campaign had thick lips, a long nose, a scar on his to any and all newspapers, periodicals Space does not permit me to go on them is to be seen. neck, and brown eyes differed substan­ listing the things Israel should have and other mass mediums in Canada and tially from that of Mr. Demjanjuk. America. Letters should stress that done during the trial but didn't. But Henry R. Huttenbach then again it was never meant to be a Editor Ukrainians are deeply offended every There were other differences as well. time "the" is used to describe the land of Marchenko was described as between "trial." Nationalities Papers As for the OSI not interfering in the New York their ancestors, and demand that this 25 and 30. Mr. Demjanjuk was much practice immediately stop. younger. Marchenko arrived at Tre­ Israeli decision regarding Mr. Demjan­ blinka in 1941. Mr. Demjanjuk was juk's future? Anybody out there believe Our community Bohdan Wynnyckyj captured by the Germans in 1942. Mr. that? The reputations of Allan Ryan, Eli Toronto Marchenko was born in Dniprope- Rosenbaum, Neal Sher, Rabbi Heir, is too divided trovske. Mr. Demjanjuk was born in Simon Wiesenthal, and sundry World Vinnytsia. Jewish Congress and vnti-Defamation Dear Editor: New demand League types are riding on this case. Do Being a Lutheran, and having been When the prosecution countered that you think they will not try to influence raised in a small town in Texas, I came for flags Mr. Demjanjuk used the name Mar­ the court? late to things Ukrainian. One of my first chenko because that was his mother's ROSELAND, N.J. - An unusual maiden name, the defense produced a and strongest impressions v/as of the side effect of the coup and subse­ In his book "Chutzpah," Alan Der- endemic divisiveness in the so-called marriage certificate which proved her showitz devotes several pages to the quent moves toward independence in maiden name was Tabachuk. Ukrainian "community." My anger and the Soviet Union is that flag manu­ Demjanjuk trial, suggesting that it was one of the fairest trials in the history of frustration at this perpetual state of facturers in the U.S. are enjoying an Realizing that his case against Mr. affairs has now reached the boiling increase in business, The Star-Ledger jurisprudence. Mr. Dershowitz had an Demjanjuk was evaporating fast, Mi­ opportunity to prove his point one-on- point, thanks to the disputes within the reported on September 8. chael Shaked, the Israeli prosecutor, AAUS which you reported on in the one with Mr. Sheftel on a radio talk Q Annin A Co., the largest flag resisted sharing the information he show in Cleveland. At first he agreed. August l edition. It seems incredible manufacturer in the U.S., has re­ received in Moscow for months. Later that an organization with a potential At the last minute he declined. Mr. ceived more than 100 orders for the he argued that Mr. Demjanjuk might Sheftel came on alone. Will Mr. Chutz­ membership of only 50 people should flag of the Russian republic. Orders really have been at Sobibor and Traw- not be able to come to a consensus, pah try to influence the Israeli Supreme have been flowing in for the Latvian, niki. According to the Jerusalem Post, Court? especially on such peripheral issues as Lithuanian, Estonian, Ukrainian Justice Eliezer Goldberg responded that where to hold a meeting. Alas, this sort and Byelorussian flags as well. Orders Mr. Shaked was turning his attention to John Demjanjuk also spoke to our of garbage is all too common. A for the most popular flag style have Sobibor and Trawniki. "What about Chicago Ukrainians. He was 11 years sampling: totaled over 2,100 flags. Treblinka?" the justice asked. Mr. old when the Demjanjuk family night­ 1) In the relatively small Ukrainian C. Randolph Beard, the president Shaked said he would deal with Tre­ mare began. Today he is 26 years old. community in the Twin Cities there are of Annin ft Co., attributed the blinka later, presumably when the He has spent more than half of his life three Orthodox churches. increase in sales to recent media Israeli Supreme Court returns to hear defending his father's name. He tear­ 2) An Orthodox friend - whose an­ coverage, such as when Boris Yeltsin further arguments in December. fully thanked everyone for their many cestors in the old country were actually was seen on television waving the years of support. Catholic - routinely excoriated Catho­ "The prosecution now attempts to Russian flag. He said that Annin has Will the Israelis do right by John lics as the nearest thing to swine. (Continued on page 14) blur the issues by mixing Sobibor and, 3) Many a church community has Irawniki," Mr. Sheftel told the Jeru­ Demjanjuk Sr.? THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39 Dzvin tour brings information, contacts to diverse regions of Ukraine by Roma Ihnatowycz Special to The Ukrainian Weekly TORONTO - It was not exactly the average Western tourist's idea of a pleasure trip. During the recent Dzvin tour of Ukraine, accommodation was often in tents rather than hotels, meals were few and far between, and the reception was, on a few occasions, rather unpleasant. "I had one person tell me he'd like to take his automatic rifle and shoot us all," said Dzvin participant Helen Cechmistro of Montreal. Yet Ms. Cechmistro, like the other 37 Western participants, isn't complain­ ing. She realizes Dzvin was never meant to be a pleasure trip. The purpose of the trip was to inform a sometimes unwilling Ukrainian public about a wide range of topics; from political and environmental concerns, to health and womens' issues, to infor­ mation about Ukrainians in the dias­ pora. "We want to supply people with information so that they can then decide for themselves which path they want to take," said co-organizer Borys Wrzes- newskyj of Toronto. Helene Cechmistro The Dzvin tour was actually com­ Dzvin participants in Kramatorske, Donetske Oblast. posed of various tour groups, each traveling through different oblasts of For the most part local response was then all the Dzvin participants attended Said one participant, "I thought we Ukraine. The groups went from town to positive and better than expected. the Chervona Ruta Music Festival in were going to join Dzvin. Instead I town, set up placards in the central "People really listened to us. Some­ Zaporizhzhia prior to returning home. found out we were Dzvin." square, handed out pamphlets, buttons times even Communists who were not Local Dzvin participants are quick to It's clear the Dzvin trip is not for and newspapers, and tried to talk to the quite certain of their stand talked to us note the valuable role the Western everyone. As Lydia Kulish from Mon­ local population. and went away re-evaluating their participants played. treal explains, "I think it's only a certain In the Soviet Union, especially in the position," said Myrosia Jejna of To­ "The fact that there were people here type of person who should come on this Russified eastern provinces, this some­ ronto. from the West — enlightened, educated trip. You should be interested in the times meant misunderstandings with The Dzvin tour has been taking place people who are able to speak Ukrainian political situation in Ukraine. You locals and problems with the govern­ for three years now. It was originally - this was 50 percent of our agitation should care about it. You should have ment. organized by the; Moscow-based81a- work right there," said Valeriy Oliynyk, grown up in a certain environment and vutych Ukrainian Cultural Organiza­ organizer of the Donetske leg of the you should be very, very well prepared "I think IVe gotten to know the first tion and the Moscow Ukrainian Stu­ trip. as to what to expect." secretary (of the local Communist dents Club. Mainly young Ukrainians What to expect is an exciting four Party) of every small town that we've In addition, it gave the participants living in Russia took part. Since that themselves a chance to develop a better weeks, with many ups and downs. One traveled through," said Mr. Wrzes- time participation has steadily in­ young Canadian, Yuri Dakunchak, newskyj. understanding of each other and esta­ creased. blish a deeper relationship. even ended up in the hospital with Upon arriving in a new town, partici­ This year, the largest number of 4 dysentery, an experience he is not likely pants often found militia there to "People always tell us Oh, there are Ukrainians from the West, mainly from Ukrainians overseas and we're all to forget. "greet" them. One Dzvin tour group North America, participated (last year "It was a filthy hospital, terrible, had the nozzle of a fire truck pointed at friends.' But we're not. We're not there were only three). The Youth friends until we get to meet each other there were dogs and cats walking it while it agitated in the town square. Division of the Canadian Friends of around everywhere and they were Even the problem-causing locals often on programs like this. Only then do we Rukh, headed by Mr. Wrzesnewskyj, truly share a common language," said washing my plates in water I wouldn't turned out to have Communist connec­ organized the trip over for the 26 even wash my dog in," he said. tions. One gentleman who kicked and Marianna Hyba of Lviv. Canadians and 11 Americans. Yet Mr. Dakunchak and other Dzvin then ripped the Ukrainian flag from one After arriving in Ukraine, the North One damper on the trip was poor of the Dzvin members turned out to be planning on the part of the Ukrainian participants wouldn't hesitate to return American participants spent a week in next year on another Dzvin tour. They the personal chauffeur of the third Lviv visiting relatives and adapting to organizers. Upon arriving in Lviv, Mr. secretary of the local Communist wing. Wrzesnewskyj discovered that no ac­ talk of the warm bonds they made with life in Ukraine. They then joined up people, the interesting and often un- However, Dzvin participants are with the Dzvin tour, already in pro­ commodations had been arranged for quick to point out that these incidents the North Americans, due to arrive a visited regions they went to, and most gress. They toured the eastern regions of importantly, the fact that they were able were the exception rather than the rule. Ukraine with them for two weeks and week later. Rukh, which was taking part this year in the organization of the trip, to influence people, to play some sort of was not being helpful. Often through­ role on Ukraine's road to democracy. out the tour Dzvin groups found no "I did in one month what people here arranged accommodations or transpor­ haven't been able to do in 72 years," said tation. Ms. Jejna. "No one in our parents' As well, some North Americans lifetime ever thought we'd be able to do found no Dzvin tours in progress to this. Next year we'll probably be work­ attach themselves to, as was the plan. ing harder than ever."

An information table is manned by Canadians and Ukrainians in Sviatove, Luhanske Oblast. In Dymytriv, Donetske Oblast, Dzvin participants address the public. No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 Ukraine and Russia: relations before and after the failed coup by Dr. Roman Solchanyk The following day, the USSR Su­ RFE/RL Research Institute preme Soviet witnessed a rather bizarre scene. Ivan Laptev, who was presiding CONCLUSION at the session, broke off the discussion of Anatoli Lukyanov's address explain­ All of this appeared to change in the ing his activities during the coup and aftermath of the failed coup. The initial announced that an "emergency situa­ decrees issued by Boris Yeltsin and the tion" had developed. Mr. Laptev told appointment of RSFSR officials to fill the deputies that an RSFSR delegation posts in the central administration that included Vice-President Aleksandr sparked a reaction in Ukraine as well as Rutskoi and Yeltsin adviser Sergei in other republics. It was reported that Stankevich was already on its way to Leonid Kravchuk was "frightened by Kiev and asked that they approve calls in Russia that most of the portfolios sending a USSR Supreme Soviet dele­ should go in the future union govern­ gation composed of Mr. Sobchak, Yurii ment to Russian citizens." Ryzhov, Mr. Riabchenko. and Yuriy Anatoly Sobchak, addressing the ex­ Shcherbak. traordinary session of the USSR Supreme Responding to demands from the hall Soviet on its opening day, although to explain that was happening in U- conceding that some of the statements kraine, Mr. Laptev said that the situa­ being heard from the Russian leader­ tion there was calm, that the emergency ship and the RSFSR deputies were that he had mentioned referred to the "emotional," at the same time called Supreme Soviet in the sense that its into question the motives of the various proceedings had to be interrupted in republics proclaiming their indepen­ order to take a decision on the delega­ dence, suggesting that this was a ploy, IChrystyna Lapychak tion in connection with various state­ that "under the cover of this talk about Russian Vice-President Aleksandr Rutskoi (seated, left) and Ukrainian Supreme ments that had been made the day national independence they are trying Council Chairman Leonid Kravchuk during signing of bilateral pact between the before both in the Supreme Soviet and to retain these tCommunistJ structures, two republics on August 29 in Kiev. on television. He also pointed out that but with a new face." the issue had already been raised by Mr. by Mikhail Gorbachev somewhat cava­ in his speech the preceding day, he Sobchak during the morning session. The same day, August 26, Mr. Yelt­ lier remark regarding Ukraine's declara­ argued for the retention of union struc­ Although it is difficult to determine sin's press office issued the statement on tion of independence in his closing ad­ tures. border issues. The Ukrainian response dress to the USSR Supreme Soviet on what exactly was behind all of this, was predictable. On August 27, But that which caused the most given the nature of Mr. Sobchak's August 27. The Soviet president, regain­ consternation in Ukraine was Mos­ Ukrainian Deputy Serhiy Riabchenko ing his self-confidence, warned that he earlier remarks on developments in cow Mayor Gavriil Popov's remarks on Ukraine and his proposal that a special warned his colleagues in the USSR would do everything in his power to keep Supreme Soviet about the "dangers of the "Topical Interview" program on commission of the USSR Supreme the union together and threatened to re­ central television that evening. Mr. Soviet be formed to hold talks with the recreating imperial structures, but sign if his plans were not realized. under different names" and demanded Popov, referring to the "parade of Ukrainian leadership, it appears that it that the Russian leadership disavow its As for Ukraine, Mr. Gorbachev said secessions," claimed that the declara­ was the St. Petersburg mayor who statement on the border. that he did not think that the indepen­ tions of independence announced by pressed for the Ukrainian-Russian A similar warning was issued by dence declaration meant that the Ukrai­ several republics were illegal, that he talks. Rukh. : "Once more, an attempt at a nians had given up on the union treaty fully supported Mr. Yeltsin's position The leadership in Kiev had no ad­ and the union. "Probably that which on 4he question of borders, and that the vance warning of the visit. A Ukrainian Ukrainian rebirth, just as it did 72 years recent treaties concluded between Rus­ ago, calls forth high-handed rejection has happened in Ukraine was a reaction journalist later commented that it to the acute situation that emerged in sia and the other republics needed to be would seem that it took several days for from certain newly democratized lead­ renegotiated in the event that a given ers of Russia — victors over the Red connection with the August 26 state­ it to dawn upon the central authorities ment. Moreover, he appeared to sanc­ republic secedes from the union because that Ukraine had declared its indepen­ putschists. Once more, illusions of of the large Russian minorities there. messianism, once more the 'Big Brother' tion the position taken by the RSFSR dence. syndrome, imperial aspirations regard­ leadership, saying that in the event of If the question of secession was going The RSFSR and Soviet delegations ing one's neighbors." secession from the union all kinds of to be raised, he maintained, then several arrived in Kiev later in the day. At the The Presidium of the Ukrainian questions would emerge, including issues had to be resolved, above all the airport, Mr. Rutskoi explained that Supreme Council was more diplomatic. territorial ones. problem of borders, which, in his view, they had come to work out a common On August 27 it instructed the Parlia­ Earlier in the proceedings, Mr. Sob­ should be decided by referendum. In program for the further regulation of ment's press center to issue a statement chak criticized Ukraine's decision to this connection, Mr. Popov referred to relations in view of the "passions stating that: take control over military units located the Crimea, Odessa Oblast and the currently being aroused" by Ukraine's (1) the Ukrainian declaration of on its territory, citing the fact that the Dniester region, in effect questioning declaration of independence. "After independence affirmed the indivisibility Soviet Union was a nuclear power. As Ukraine's jurisdiction over these areas. (Continued on page 11) and inviolability of Ukraine's territory; (2) the Ukrainian leadership has no doubts regarding its borders with the RSFSR; (3) the Presidium of the Ukrainian Supreme Council is ready to discuss any border questions on the basis of the Ukrainian Russian treaty of November 19, 1990; (4) Article 6 of that treaty recognizes the territorial integrity of Ukraine and the RSFSR in line with the currently existing borders within the USSR; (5) should one of the signatories leave the USSR its borders should be defined as those existing on November 19 - i.e., the existence or non-existence of union relationships cannot serve as a basis for questioning the borders be­ tween Ukraine and the RSFSR; and (6) as a result, there is no legal foundation to treat the statement of August 26 as having any bearing on relations between Ukraine and Russia. On the same day Mr. Kravchuk held a press conference at which he told reporters that "territorial claims are very dangerous," that he had already discussed the issue with Mr. Yeltsin and that an explanation from the Russian president or on his behalf would be forthcoming that evening. Whether such an explanation materialized re­ mains unknown. The growing tension in Ukrainian- Portion of the crowd of nearly 10,000 that gathered outside the Ukrainian Parliament building chanting "independence "as де Russian relations was not helped much delegation from Moscow arrived on August 28 to discuss relations with Ukraine in the wake of its declaration of indeoe; Ігпсе. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39

5,000 rally... (Continued from page 5) representatives to the United Nations with the "true representatives of the people," and emphasized that the senator "will fight in Congress to see that the United States recognizes these newest members of the free world... and that all future American assistance is given directly to the people of the republics." "The suffering of the nation has reached its end, and the people de­ clared their will to live freely among free nations of the world," stated the follow­ ing speaker, Stephania Shabatura, a Ukrainian artist and long-time political prisoner, president of the lay Catholic society "Compassion"and deputy of the Lviv City Council. "Today when the fate of Ukraine is being decided, let us remember that the future of an independent Ukraine depends on us and the de facto existence of a free and .democratic Ukraine will iKhristina Lew force the world to recognize it," she Ukrainian American Veterans and the Women's Association for the Defense of said. Dr. Lev Dobriansky Four Freedoms for Ukraine join the rally to urge U.S. recognition of Ukraine.

Taras Petrynenko and Hrono perform at the independence rally. In the foreground stand members of SUM-A and Plast. Dr. Gregory Stanton Ms. Shabatura's statement was ments to the Committe for U.S.A. ford (D-Pa.); Reps. David Bonior (D- nian Americans to write letters to followed by the reading of several Recognition of Ukraine's Indepen­ Mich.); William Broomfield (D-Mich.); Congressional statements of support by President Bush urging U.S. recognition dence: Sens. Dennis DeConcini (R- Benjamin Cardin (D-Md.); Christopher of Ukraine, and led the demonstrators Ms. Gallo and Mr. Iwanciw. The Ariz.); Barbara Mikulski (D-Md.); Cox (R-Calif.); Benjamin Gilman (R- in a chant: following U.S. legislators sent state­ Donald Riegle (D-Mich.); Harris Wof- N.Y.); Constance Morella(R-Md.); "What do we want?" "Recognition!" Mary Rose Oakar (D-Ohio); Don responded the demonstrators. "When ranteed employment and a sum of 4,500 Ritter (R-Pa.); Gov. George Voinovich do we want it?" — "Now!" Newsbriefs... korunas, which would equal about S300 (R-Ohio). (Continued from page 2) (U.S.). (Rukh Press) Taras Petrynenko and Hrono return­ Lane Kirkland, president of the AFL- ed to the stage to perform what many in ^ KIEV —On June 5 the new general CIO, also sent a greeting to the com­ the diaspora claim is Ukraine's unoffi­ consul of Czecho-Slovakia in Ukraine ^ KIEV - Greek Prime Minister mittee, highlighting a recent trip to cial anthem - "Ukraino" - amid was introduced at a press conference. Konstantinos Mitsotakis, who met with Ukraine in which he had an opportu­ hundreds of waving Ukrainian national Robert Harencar was active in politics Ukrainian Prime Minister Vitold Fokin nity to meet with leaders of democratic flags. during the Prague Spring, but was on July 23, supports siping an econo­ groups, politicians, academicians, hu­ The rally concluded with the reading removed from political activity after the mic agreement with Ukraine by the end man rightsactivist s and individual trade of the resolution of the Committee for Soviet invasion and made a comeback of this year. The agreement would entail union organizations. U.S.A. Recognition of Ukraine's In­ only after the democratic rebirth. His opening trade centers in Athens in Kiev, The demonstrators listened to a taped dependence (see page 5 for full text) and first concern is to move all those of and possible cooperation in telecommu­ message from Zbigniew Brzezinski, the performance of "Hey u Luzi Cher- Czech and Slovak descent who suffered nications. Mr. Fokin offered Greece a former national security advisor to vona Kalyna" by Promin. from the Chornobyl disaster to Czecho­ "cooperation package" - a metro in President Jimmy Carter. In his message Askold Lozynskyj, on behalf of the slovakia. These immigrants to Czecho­ Athens built by Ukrainian construction Dr. Brzezinski stated: slovakia would receive cottages, gua- workers, a Ukrainian-Greek business UCCA, formally concluded the two- center, a diagnostic and theraputic "As an American, I rejoice at U- hour program by stating: "Diplomatic center in Kiev and some joint ventures. kraine's liberation. As an American of recognition for Ukraine would be in the Nostra culpa Since Ukraine pays from 3 to 5 billion Polish origin, I salute the courage of the great American tradition of supporting In the article headlined "Birthing rubles to the USSR fund annually, it tens of thousands of Ukrainians who those who are struggling for democracy center in Kiev to be opened by Mira- wants to know its share of the credits suffered and died so that Ukraine would and independence. Recognizing U- Med" (September 15) MiraMed's ad­ that the West is offering the USSR live. Your devotion to liberty is not kraine is the right thing to do. Today's dress ;. was incorrectly printed. The Prime Minister Fokin told the Greek "suicidal nationalism based on ethnic rallies in Washington, Chicago and Los correct address is 341414 Freemont Ave. prime minister. (Interfax) hatred.' It represents a historically Angeles mark the launching of our N., Seattle, WA 98103. rooted and internationally legitimate recognition campaign. desire for national independence. "Our message, Mr. President: Read ^ VILNIUS - A treaty of coopera­ our lips. Ukrainian Americans will not In last week's Weekly we reported on "The time has come for America and tion was signed between Vilnius, the the world to recognize that a free and rest until independent and democratic the retirement of Luba Lapychak- capital of Lithuania, and Kiev, the Ukraine is accorded full diplomatic Lesko after 41 years with the Svoboda democratic Ukraine is as essential to a capital of Ukraine, at the Vilnius stable Europe as a free and democratic recognition by the United States of Press. Mrs. Lapychak-Lesko's last Municipal Office on June 21, marking name was inadvertently spelled Lapy- Russia or as free and democratic Baltic America." the first such treaty between Vilnius and states." The rally ended with the singing of chak-Leshko. Our apologies to our dear a city of the Soviet Union. (Vilnius former co-worker. Following the reading of the state­ "Shche Ne Vmerla Ukraina,"the Ukrai­ Radio) ments, Mr. Iwanciw called on Ukrai- nian national anthem. No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 11

Ukraine and Russia... (Continued from page 9) all," said Mr. Rutskoi, "in the final analysis we are Slavs." At the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet, the delegations were met by a decidely unfriendly crowd that was described as the largest seen there since the student strike last October. According to an eyewitness to the negotiations, the initial attitude of Messrs. Sobchak and Rutskoi was such that it elicited a response from the Ukrainians to the effect that the Russian guests might do well to remember that they are on the territory of an independent country, that is to say, abroad. Mr. Sobchak, addressing the crowd during a break in the talks, pro­ nounced what was described as a "fatal" sentence: "It is important for us to be Chrystyna Lapychak together." The crowd is reported to Russian Vice-President Aleksandr Rutskoi addresses the have responded with shouts like "No!," Sergei Stankevich, adviser to Russian President Boris throng outside the Parliament building. In the foreground is St. "Shame!," and "Ukraine without Mos­ Yeltsin, in a discussion with Ukrainian people's deputies, Petersburg Mayor Anatoly Sobchak; on the left is Dmytro cow!" including (from right) Vyacheslav Chornovil and Mykola Pavlychko, chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament's Commit­ After about 12 hours, the talks Porovsky. tee on Foreign Affairs. yielded an eighi-point joint communi­ que pledging cooperation to preclude from the negotiations in Kiev was that the entire RSFSR Parliament. Inte­ the Soviet Union simply cannot col­ the "uncontrolled disintegration of the "Ukraine, like other republics, has restingly, Mr. Yeltsin reiterated his lapse." In this context, the Ukrainian union state" by setting up "interim firmly taken the path towards genuine position on border questions during a question always assumes major impor­ inter-state structures" for a transitional independence, genuine freedom, the meeting with Kazakh President Nur- tance. period which could be joined by inte­ formation of its own statehood, and no sultan Nazarbayev on August 27 and This was reflected in a recent inter­ rested states who are subjects of the one can force it to verge from this path." again the following evening, while the view with Mr. Gorbachev: "There can "former USSR" regardless of their Ukrainian-Russian talks were in pro­ be no union without Ukraine, I feel, and current status. It called on these states Conclusion gress, in an interview with a French no Ukraine without the union. These to immediately proceed with an econo­ radio station. Slavic states, Russia and Ukraine, were mic agreement and refrain from any The Ukrainian-Russian "crisis" was The problem, however, is not with precisely that axis along which, for unilateral decisions with regard to liquidated as quickly as it had arisen. any given statement by this or that centuries, events turned and a huge strategic military matters. The docu­ Its immediate cause was the statement Russian politician. Such incidents are multinational state developed. That is ment also confirmed those articles of issued in Mr. Yeltsin's name by his press only a reflection of a much moxe the way it will remain. I am convinced of the treaty between Ukraine and Russia office, which Messrs. Sobchak and fundamental problem — i.e., whether it." relating to the rights of its citizens and Ryzhov subsequently characterized as a or not Russia, in the absence of the old The crucial words in the above the territorial integrity of the two "mistake" and "unfortunate." imperial center, will be able to discard statement are "union" and "Russia," republics and provided for an exchange This view was echoe(J by Mesgrs its imperial legacy and develop rela­ which seem to be so easily interchange­ of envoys. Stankevich and Rutskoi, both of whom tions with the newly independent for­ able. This comes as no surprise. A Mr. Sobchak,reporting to the USSR insisted that Mr. Yeltsin's statement mer republics on an equal basis. The recent poll reported that the Russian public is "schizophrenic" about its Supreme Soviet on the talks, told the had no official character and that the first signals provide little justification 1 fora j^oj^ij4mt^.rzA^PPT^ ^ think of deputies that one of the lessons resulting Russian president could not speak for - i^ themselves as Russians and 42 percent Russian leaders, both of the Kremlin and the Russian White House variety, as Soviets. From the standpoint of the Turning the pages... are finding it difficult to come to terms non-Russians and, many argue, in the (Continued from page 6) with the reality that the empire has interests of the Russians themselves, it is commemorations of the Babyn Yar tragedy that are scheduled to take place in Kiev collapsed. precisely this confusion which must be overcome if there is to be a normaliza­ during the week beginning September 29. This is perhaps best exemplified by Mr. Stebelsky responded by writing: "What disturbs me mostly is your Roy Medvedev, for many years touted tion of relations between Russia and the intolerance of the historical facts and non-scholarly attitude to the Babyn Yar as an exemplary liberal and democrat, former republics. tragedy and Ukrainian-Jewish relations. ...I feel it is inaccurate, unfair and at least in the West. In a recent article, w^лллftrvvwwvlftлrvlлл^www^ destructive to label all Ukrainians as anti-Semitic, or all Jews as anti-Ukrainians." after putting fortlt a number of stan­ As far as the Babyn Yar massacre is concerned, Mr. Stebelsky went on to provide dard arguments in favor of "a tighter facts and figures on this tragic episode in history, pointing out that among the union," in the final analysis simply Join the UNA 200,000 victims were mostly Jews, Ukrainians and others. The Jews, he noted, states: "Well, such a powerful state as vvwwwvwwwwwwwww were designated for extermination simply because they were Jews, the Ukrainians 5SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS2 were killed because they resisted the Germans. He continued: "With the intensification of official anti-Semitism, Soviet ж propaganda from Moscow — not the Ukrainian Soviet overlords from Kiev as you pretend — conspicuously avoided mention of the execution of Jews and Ukrai­ Wilkes Barre, Pa. nians. You jumped on the wrong horse blaming Ukrainian Communists for the District Committee of UNA Branches deliberate omission of Jewish victims. It is not a secret that the Ukrainian puppet announces that its government was taking all orders from the Russians in Moscow." Mr. Stebelsky further noted that the Intermountain Jewish News editorial DISTRICT ORGANIZATIONAL MEETING "deliberately follows Soviet propaganda and omitted around 70,000 to 80,000 will be held Ukrainian victims executed by the Germans at Babyn Yar." on Sunday, October 6, 1991 at 2:00 p.m. He concluded his letter by staging: "I am of the opinion that the time has come to stop preaching slander and hatred on both sides of the fence, especially in the at Hall of St. Volodymyr Ukrainian Catholic Church United States of America. It is time to look to the future, time for serious and 87 Zerbey Avenue, Edwardsville, Pa. honest research and unbiased dialogue, time to improve our relationship, build Obligated to attend the meeting are District Committee Officers, Branch Officers bridges of understanding and mutual respect for the benefit of our nations and the and 32nd Convention Delegates of the following Branches: coming generations." 29, 164, 169, 223, 236, 282, 333 All UNA members are welcome as guests at the meeting.

її FOR SALE A AGENDA: її Houses repossessed by the bank: 1. Opening 2. Review of the District's 1991 organizational activities її In Union, N.J.: 3. Address by UNA Supreme Treasurer |l 3-family and 2-family houses, located next to each other. 4. General UNA topics 11 In Garfield, N.J.: 5. Adoption of membership campaign plan for the balance of the current year її One-family house. 6. Questions and answers || The above houses are located in exceptionally nice areas. 7. Adjournment || For further information call: Meeting will be attended by: || SELFRELIANCE (N.Y.) FEDERAL CREDIT UNION Alexander Blahitka, UNA supreme treasurer II 108 2nd Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003 FOR THE DISTRICT COMMITTEE: || Tel.: (212) 473-7310 Attn: Mr. L Zielyk || Tymko Butrey, Chairman Ш Anna Zinich Secretary Ш Henry Bolosky, Treasurer ШШШ 3SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39

Declaration of Sovereignty was passed, Daniel Sneider: That means that you fied, the political issues are tackled and Kravchuk addresses...I understan d that Ukraine wanted to don't accept Mr. Yeltsin's idea that will be solved finally. So the goal of (Continued from page 3) create a nuclear-free zone here. If that is nuclear weapons should be reconcen- the president is to ensure that all the the case, are you going to permit nuclear trated back in Russia? laws that guarantee democracy, market Natalia Feduschak: I just want to weapons to remain on Ukrainian soil, development, financial development, clarify something. One of the issues you and if so, in whose hands are they going Mr, Kravchuk: No. human and cultural development, pre­ have spoken about was the Ukrainian to be? servation of the intellect should start consul-general in Canada. Are you Juan Tamaya: A lot of people I've working. talking about a Ukrainian consul- Mr. Kravchuk: Yes, it's true. Ukraine talked to here feel that Ukrainian If the president doesn't succeed in general or are you talking about a has nuclear forces, and they are not citizens should not serve in a Soviet implementing, working realistic mecha­ Soviet consul-general? My second small. Ukraine has intentions to deve­ confederated army. Do you believe that nisms for the human being,guaranteeing question is, will you ask Canada to give lop its own armed forces, which to our they should? Is that part of your vision freedom and human rights, such a any other kind of economic aid to mind must consist of two parts: those of collective security? president won't remain a president for a Ukraine that falls outside of what is which would be subordinated directly very long time. This is the most impor­ happening in the Soviet Union? to the Ukrainian government, and those that are on Ukrainian territory but are Mr. Kravchuk: I think that Ukrai­ tant thing. I'm against putting forward nian citizens have the right to serve in constantly newer and newer programs, Mr. Kravchuk: Ukrainian. Yes, this ruled from a common center, but not the army they choose to serve in. But at as some of my colleagues tend to do. would be a new structure, a consul- without information and coordination the same time I think that Ukraine is a The programs are numerous and not all general of Ukraine in Canada. Yes, this on the part of the Ukrainian govern­ large state of 52 million people and we of them are bad, but there are no would be a new structure under the ment. I mean just the military strategic have enough of a variety of armed mechanisms and there is no will and jurisdiction of the Ministry of Foreign forces. forces here to allow citizens of Ukraine power to implement them. Affairs of Ukraine. As far as nuclear forces are concern­ ed, we are ready to start direct nego- to serve on its territory. The rest is just a matter of free will. If someone wants to Chrystyna Lapychak: Can you please Natalia Feduschak: So is this a first titions with those republics of the serve in the Northern Fleet or in the Far explain in greater detail the reasons for step toward international recognition of former union which have nuclear forces East, this is their private business. If we Ukraine's current insolvency problem? Ukraine by Canada? on their territory: Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine and Byelorussia. We can come start building a professional army, this In other words, lack of cash, as I question will take a different shape. But Mr. Kravchuk: I think so. to an agreement on how we should act understand is a problem now. What is in this respect. We are ready for reduc­ today this is our position. Ukraine doing to solve this problem? Natalia Feduschak: So you are confi­ tion. We are ready for destruction. If we In regard to the second question. dent that Canada will recognize speak about mobile nuclear forces, their When the Canadian secretary of foreign Mr. Kravchuk: We, indeed, have Ukraine? reduction and destruction is not techni­ affairs was here, she mentioned that some shortages of money in circulation. Mr. Kravchuk: I think not only cally such a complicated problem. But Canada will grant credit to Ukraine It so happens that salaries started rising Canada, but all the states of the world stationary nuclear armed forces are worth S50 million (Canadian). Part of quickly, while production has been will finally recognize Ukraine. I'm sure technically much more complicated and this includes SI million for Chornobyl, reduced by about 10 percent and we of that. But when it will happen, sooner require billions of rubles to destroy and S800,000 for agrarian problems, have some shortages of money in or later, I hope that on December 1, the them. but when we come to an agreement for a circulation. We don't have the techno­ people of Ukraine, Ukrainians, Rus­ But Ukraine cannot initiate any sum, we wouldn't say no. logy in Ukraine to produce money and sians, Jews, Poles, Bulgarians, Hunga­ actions in regard to nuclear arms Roman Ferencevych: You are a we need about 1 billion right now and rians will vote and say they support the unilaterally. We want all our counter­ presidential candidate for Ukraine for all in all about 10 billion in cash to declared act of independence of U- parts to take part in tackling this issue in the December 1 elections. What type of provide for normal circulation to pay kraine, which guarantees them national regard to mobile missiles. If we talk program will you offer you electors, and salaries. Right now about 20 percent (of equality, well-being — so they will cross about stationary strategic forces we'd what will you do as president? the rubles) are worn out every year. out "no" and leave "yes." like to become part of a global process This is the problem we face: where to with the participation of the U.N. Mr. Kravchuk: You know, the future find cash? We are working on that now. Lisa Trei: I understand that there are Security Council. We are ready for this president, like us today, will have so And now we are working on pro­ plans now to set up a Ukrainian army and we can initiate it, but we stand for many problems that he must start with ducing our own currency, our own and that there may be a Soviet strategic negotiations on all levels depending on one thing. But the goals are now clari- national currency. force remaining in Ukraine. When the the character of this or that weaponry. Chrystyna Lapychak: How soon and Calgary to exhibit is that realistic in solving the problem 4 SELF RELIANCE (JC) FEDERAL CREDIT UNION p immediately? 5 558 Summit Avenue Ш Jersey City, N.J. 07306 ф artwork from Ukraine Mr. Kravchuk: Immediately it's CALGARY, Alberta - The Ukrai­ never possible. If we talk about pro­ і LOAN SALE \ nian Canadian Professional and Busi­ ducing the currency outside the terri­ ness Club of Calgary and art curator tory of Ukraine, it might be March or j ONLY ІЗо/о INTEREST \ Sofia Skrypnyk will present a show and April of next year. If we speak about the ф Ш We offer seasonal loans K sale of art, titled "Expressions of production of banknotes and money in ф Ш Maximum term is 12 months Б Freedom - 12 artists from Ukraine." Ukraine, it will take about a year or 18 months. We are conducting negotia­ P Ш These loans include, but are not strictly limited to the following: 5 Calgary artist John Duma will open tion with Canadian and Swiss compa­ the show Friday, October4, at 7:30 p.m. ' VACATION m TAX PAYMENT Ш AUTO REPAIR m HOLIDAY SPECIALS ф nies. I hope this issue will be solved on at the Ukrainian Catholic Church of Й the basis of economic accounts. I HOME REPAIR 0 Assumption, 611 Seventh Ave. NE, 2 Co-maker and/or collateral may be required on any loan at the discretion of the loan office Щ Christine Demkowych: Just follow­ K or credit committee. A Calgary. Refreshments will be served. "Expressions of Freedom" will in­ ing up on her question, yesterday a J Telephone Number: (201) 795-4061. Fax Number: (201) 795-4868 J clude paintings, linocuts, engravings, member from Canada had mentioned f OR CALL OUR LOAN REPRESENTATIVE! J enamels and sculpture by artists from that Canada could print money for you Ukraine whose inspiration has been in two months, but instead your govern­ derived from folklore, music, mytho­ ment has decided to print coupons for logy and nature. The artists have October out of France. Some people NEW BOOK ABOUT UKRAINE had little influence from the Western believe that this is being done to delay world because of the former repressive the printing of a national currency. An American Couple's Six-month Adventure in a Ukrainian Village is detailed Communist system. by Christine and Ralph Dull in their book, Ms. Skrypnyk, who specializes in Mr. Kravchuk: I haven't heard this. SOVIET LAUGHTER, SOVIET TEARS promoting Ukrainian artists, is excited When I spoke with some Canadian by the new freedom in Ukraine for its businessmen, they spoke about printing 400-page hardback with over 80 photos (mostly color). Anatoli A. Kushnir, village artists. This is Ms. Skrypnyk's 64th the money up by March or April. Of English teacher, bares his thoughts on 25 pages and has this to say: exhibition of Ukrainian arts in western course, part of the money might be (Continued on page 15) Тут, в Америці, є багато книжок про Москву, Росію і майже немає про Украї­ Canada. ну. Ця книжка приводить вас прямо на прекрасне Поділля, в села України. У зсіх, кому дорога рідна земля, є чудова нагода увійти в її хати і пізнати сьогод­ The Lesia Ukrainka Branch of the Ukrainian American нішнє життя її людей. Youth Association in Jersey City, N.J.

A!so described is the life of 2 Ukrainian farmers on the Ohio Dull farm for 7 mos. CORDIALLY INVITES YOU TO A "I am not aware of any other Americans in over 50 years to live for this duration H rural USSR. Nor do I know of any existing study that approaches intimate, interior perspective of this book/' - Dr. J. Thomas Sanders, Assistant Professor of Soviet DINNER and DANCE - story, US Naval Academy, Annapolis. IN HONOR OF THEIR 40th ANNIVERSARY

^23.50 plus S3.00 shipping per book. Ohio residents please add Я .50 for tax. on Saturday, October 5, 1991 at the Ukrainian Community Center Name I 90 96 Fleet Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07306 Address I Banquet 6:00 p.m. Dance 9:00 p.m. Tickets Si0.00 My check 5 or Visa, Mastercard Number Exp Orchestra: "NOVE POKOLINNYA" from Toronto Stillmore Press, 7000 Stillmore Dr., Englewood, OH 45322, 800-594-5113 For reservations please call evenings: (201) 433-2793

foi-^4flfoimljm4^dm4f^,^ in No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 13

high. These industries in the past have reorientation of Ukrainian industry. of Bessarabia and northern Bukovyna s economic... been closely connected with the all- Over all, the disadvantages outlined in 1940, and which currently form part (Continued from page 6) union economy and that of Russia in appear to outweigh the advantages, but of the Chernivtsi and Odessa oblasts. Ukraine has a ready supply of rela­ particular. one can append what might be termed Poland, at least, is on excellent terms tively cheap labor. Finally, by Soviet It has been speculated elsewhere that "medium-term benefits" for Ukraine. It with Ukraine. Border questions with Ukraine's economic future may lie as an may have the option, for example, of Poland might otherwise be extremely standards, Ukraine has a high propor­ 8 tion of people with a middle or a higher agricultural nation. However, the exporting grain or coal for hard cur­ complex. education, and a significant number of difficulty in this sphere has been the rency once its economy has been taken In the short term, Ukraine may have able scientists who have been able to continuing decline of the agricultural from the former Moscow ministries' enough food for the winter, unlike other apply their research to the industrial population. Between 1975 and 1990, the control. territories, but it is likely to experience a workplace.6 rural population of Ukraine decreased The republic is already receiving shortage of power. Indeed, a recurring Alongside these perceived advan­ by 16.5 percent (from 20.3 to 17 million technical assistance from Canadian energy crisis seems certain given the tages, one must place some serious people). The decline has occurred managers and farmers, from the Har­ commitment to dismantling Ukrainian mainly because young people are mi­ vard University Project on Economic nuclear power plans that account for weaknesses. Ukrainian economists have 11 used the example of Poland as a state in grating from the villages to the towns. Reform in Ukraine and others. about 25 percent of the republic's a comparable position. When Poland As a result, the elderly are left behind Several European countries, the United electricity generation. The prognosis for moved toward a market economy at the and there has been a corresponding States and Canada have recently open­ Ukraine, then, is not good, though it is end of the 1980s, it experienced a increase in the death rate and decline of ed consulates in Kiev, which can be significantly rosier than for most other sudden decline in living standards. the birth rate in Ukrainian villages. changed into full embassies if the former Soviet republics. Comparatively, Ukraine is in a worse With the exception of the Crimea, in referendum vote on independence is positive. Germany is assisting Ukraine position because a decline in living every oblast of Ukraine, the natural 6. Heyets, p. 19. This factor is listed as one standards had been projected even increase of the rural population has in the development of its own currency. of four major prerequisites for a highly before the application of a "shock been less than that of the urban. In some Leonid Kravchuk has maintained a developed market economy by one of program" to introduce a market eco­ regions, such as the Don-Dnieper Basin, high international profile, and despite Ukraine's leading economists. See I. Luki- 9 nomy. the difference; exceeds 300 percent. the occasional setback (an apparent nov, "Rynok: Nadiyi і Realnist," Ekono- mika Radyanskoyi Ukrainy," No. 4 (April Ukraine has a high proportion of Ukraine's environmental situation reluctance to condemn the Moscow coup 1991), p. 9. has given rise to great concern. Indeed, from the outset, for example), has been unskilled labor. By Western scales, 7. Heyets, p. 21. labor productivity is low in the republic the head of the Ukrainian Green Party, able to command significant popularity at home, notwithstanding his past links 8. David R. Marples, "Ukraine Under and work discipline is comparatively Yuriy Shcherbak, is standing for elec­ Perestroika: Ecology, Economics and the to the Communist Party leadership in poor. Alongside this, one must take into tion to the Ukrainian presidency as an 12 Workers' Revolt," New York: St. Martin's account a relatively high degree of ecological candidate and the minister of Ukraine. Press, 1991, p. 220. unionization at the workplace in the the environment. Annually, Ukraine Yet there are too many imponderable 9. M. Dolishnyi "Rehionalni Problemy form of a national strike committee. It is releases about 11 million tons of dan­ factors for one to state other than that Ekonomichnoho і Sotsialnoho Rozvytku an independent Ukraine, in the long plausible to suggest that this committee gerous byproducts into the atmosphere, Ukrainy," Ekonomika Radyanskoyi U- term, may be in a better position than krainy, No. 5 (May 1991), p. 14. could readily disrupt production if which has been calculated as 0.22 tons most other former Soviet republics. 10. Dolishnyi, pp. 18-20. economic difficulties continue to per year per resident. By comparison^ One is asuming territorial integrity, for 11. See "Update: Program on Economic mount, thus creating a vicious circle. the figure in Byelorussia is 0.12 tons; example, though the independence of Reform in Ukraine,"The Ukrainian Weekly, Many of Ukraine's factories are Moldova, 0.11 and Latvia, 0.07. the Baltic republics has completely September8, 1991, p. 4. Forest resources have been greatly 12. On Kravchuk, see, for example, lacking in modern and new equipment. discredited the '939 Nazi-Soviet Pact, About 11 percent of the equipment depleted over the past eight years, while Roman Solchanyk, "Ukraine: From Chor- a significant quantity of humus in the prompting Romania to raise questions nobyl to Sovereignty," Report on the currently used in Ukraine's enterprises about the USSR's acquisition of parts has been in service for more than 20 soil has been depleted through soil and USSR, Vol. 3, No. 31, August 2,1991, p. 26. years.7 In the steel industry, open- wind erosion. Conversely, recultivation BPDB POо ocaоскас hearth furnaces are still prevalent and of the land has been limiced because of outnumber the more advanced electri­ shortage of funds over the period 1976- Self Reliance (J. C.) Federal Credit cal convenors. Coal mines are highly 1990. Finally, although less deveioped dangerous and the accident rate in industrially than some other regions, a Union Ukrainian mines is among the highest in crisis situation has been declared in the world, in short, Ukraine's produc­ some parts of Ivano-Frankivske (and IS SEEKING HIGHLY QUALIFIED INDIVIDUALS FOR THE tion potential may have reached its Prykarpattia in general) because of the IMMEDIATE JOB OPENINGS: saturation point, and opportunities for presence of dangerous chemical facto­ 10 MANAGER: future industrial development are ries. limited. The link between industrial pollution for credit union operations Moreover, Ukraine's economy pos­ and environmental protest is clear, and LOAN CLERK: sesses a certain imbalance in that the in fact it is inconceivable that Ukraine for loan portfolio weight of its industrial power lies in the could continue such hazardous develop­ Don-Dnieper Basin, in which the den­ ment without open protest. Again then, administration/maintenance sity of the population is exceptionally one can posit, ultimately, a major experience required, salary co-measurable with experience, good benefits package. MR Send resume to or call: Marine Risk, Inc. Mr. Zenko Halkowycz Ill John Street, New York, N.Y. 10038 Self Reliance (JC) F. C. U. Complete Travel Accident Insurance for Visitors from USSR, The Ukraine and all Republics Bi-LinguaJ Medical Emergency I.D. Cord. 558 Summit Avenue Insurance Brokers for the Bolshoi Opera Tour 1991 Jersey City, N. J. 07306 Call for Application: tel. 201-795-4061 fax 201-795-4868 Phone: (212) 349-5500. Fax (212) 227-5689 WQQOaDOBCOOi

If your destination is Kiev, fly SAS from North America via Copenhagen The right to Moscow. The daily flight ^ from Copenhagen to Moscow connects easily with onward transportation to Kiev. While in Copenhagen Airport, visit the large flight shopping center for wonderful savings at the tax free shops. Mileage Plus and OnePass members earn mileage credit that may be redeemed later for free to travel awards on SAS. For more information contact your travel agent or SAS at 1-800/221-2350. Kiev SAS SCANDINAVIAN AIRLINES THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39 Wayne State hosts Lviv grad students ATTENTION NEW JERSEY INSUREDS!!! DETROIT - The Wayne State school. "Hopefully, it will further our Is your auto insurance presently in the JUA or MTF? goal of a cooperative program." Think you're overpaying for your policy? University School of Business Ad­ ministration is hosting 26 graduate The addition of Detroit to the stu­ Can't get that good service you need 8t deserve? students from the University of Lviv, Then we are the one you are looking for!!! dents' U.S. tour schedule was the result Ukraine, beginning Friday, September of efforts by Vera Andrushkiw, Ukrai­ DON'T WAIT OR HESITATE 20. nian lecturer for WSU's department of CALL US TODAY!!! They will stay in the Detroit area for Germanic and Slavic languages and ALEXANDER E. SMAL Ь CO. two weeks as part of a three-city tour of literatures. She is serving as a coordi­ the United States. During that time, the Hordynsky, Pastushenko, Smal nator of the group's Detroit stay, along business school will provide an acade­ with Raymond Genick, director of the INSURANCE - REAL ESTATE mic agenda including instruction on business school's Small Business De­ (201) 761-7500 FAX: (201) 761-4918 small business management, marketing, velopment Center, and Donna Santo, зовввроооооввввввввввввввваоовві finance, production and manufactur­ assistant dean of student affairs for the ing. business school. They also will visit local businesses, including Ford Motor Co. and the Budd Co., as well as the state capital New demand... and cultural attractions. Some group (Continued from page 7) members, in addition to their academic sold more Russian flags in the past 60 pursuits, will be looking to make days than in all of 1990, while Lat­ business contacts with Detroit area vian, Lithuanian and Estonian flags GANDHI ELECTRONICS firms. have been popular for a while. Housing for the students Detroit Mr. Beard also told the Star- NAME BRAND 110-220V APPLIANCES visit will be provided by families of the 1.800-235-7860 Ledger that, as various republics area's Ukrainian community. declare their independence and get 2358 W. Devon Avenue Tel.: (312) 973-4227 "The business school's current rela­ Chicago, III. 60659 Fox: (312) 973-1589 news coverage, "people in the flag tionship with the University of Lviv business believe they should have it Institute of Management can only be (the flag) in stock." News organiza­ strengthened by the students'visit," said tions also need flags for the graphics, WE CONVERT VIDEO TAPES FROM PAL-SECUM TO AMERICAN (NTSC) William Volz, dean of the business WE SELL ALL NAME BRANDS IN VIDEO CAMERAS A VIDEO RECORDERS FOR he added. UKRAINE. Judy Caruso, an office manager WE CARRY SEWING MACHINES A KNITTING MACHINES FOR UKRAINE. BUY U.S. and saleswoman at the Apollo Flag ALL KINDS OF 220V APPLIANCES FOR UKRAINE. SAVINGS BONDS Co. Inc., brought up another intri­ WE UNDERTAKE DIRECT SHIPMENTS TO UKRAINE. For the current rate call... guing customer reaction. "We have MAIL ORDERS ACCEPTED. (CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-235-7860) 1-800-US-BONDS had a large interest in the new Russian flag, but strangely enough, we have had an awful lot of people buying the Communist flag because they really think it will be a collec­ PARTICIPATE IN THE 5TH ANNUAL tor's item," she said.

WASHINGTON GROUP LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE HUCULKA Icon 8c Souvenir's Distribution 2860 Buhre Ave. Suite 2R Bronx, NY 10461 UKRAINE IN THE NEW WORLD ORDER REPRESEmATWE and WHOLESALER of EMBROIDERED BLOUSES for ADULTS and CHILDREN Tel. (212)931-1579 October 11-13, 1991 Сестра Марія та брат Микола чекають The Sheraton National Hotel, Arlington, Virginia вістку про ВОЛОДИМИРА САВЕЛЬОВИЧА КРАВЦЯ (Кравченка, Настенка), нар. 1921 року. In panel discussions Saturday and Sunday, discuss the perspectives of Ukraine's Останню вістку одержали 1944 р. з Руму­ нії. Хто знав би про нього або він сам, про­ Independence and its role in the world community with such leading experts as: Ukraine's шу писати: Україна, 252054, м. Київ - 54, вул. Чкалова, 59, кв. 19 Deputy Foreign Minister and UM Representative GUENNADIOUDOVENKO, who will Трущенкова Марія Савелївна deliver the luncheon keynote address; American University Professor GREG STANTON on legal and human rights reforms; Washington Times Foreign Editor MARTIN SIEFF on US media coverage of Ukraine; Heritage Foundation Policy Analyst DOUG SEA Y on political VIDEOCASSETTE CONVERSIONS developments; U.S.-Ukraine Foundation Member KATERYNA CHUMACHENKO on AND DUPLICATIONS economic reforms; Helsinki Commission Staff Member OREST DEYCHAKIWSKY on CSCE from any worldwide system to American participation, and others, to be announced. system using Super Hy Grade tape also Conference program also includes' Friday evening TWG Birthday Party and Happy Hour Audio cassette duplication from ' Saturday Keynote Luncheon' Saturday evening TWG Benefit Gala, with dancing music 1/4" tape, DAT or cassette by LIDAN of Chicago' Sunday Brunch. Best prices in town We speak Ukrainian Electro-Nova Productions Fill In the application and mail to: Tha Washington Огсир, P.0, Box 11248, Washington, D.C. 20008. 342 Madison Ave. NYC, NY (212) 687-5838

SINCE 1928 lAddrese: I will to attending tht" SENKO FUNERAL HOMES City/State | | Conference 125.00 New York's only Ukrainian family owned ЩГ ot operated funeral homes. Title: f71 Saturday Luncheon 125.00 Ш traditional Ukrainian services per­ sonally conducted. Ш Funerals arranged throughout Bklyn, Firm: П Saturday Benefit Gala 150,00 Bronx, New York, Queens, Long Island, etc. ГП Sunday Brunch 125,00 Ш Holy Spirit, St. Andrews Cem. A all Phone: (H) (W) others international shipping. Ш PSe-пєесі uncmgements. TOTAL ENCLOSED S HEMPSTEAD FUNERAL HOME - 89 Peninsula Blvd. U Hempsteod, N.Y. 11550 516-481-7460 SENKO FUNERAL HOME - For additional information contact Myron Waaylyk at (202) 234-7S84 83-15 Parsons Blvd. m Jamaica, NY 11432 1-718-657-1793 For hotel reservations call the Sheraton National Hotel at (703) 521 н 900 and ask for the TWG discount SENKO FUNERAL HOME - 213-215 Bedford Ave. Ш Brooklyn, NY 11211 sleeping room rate of 565/night, single or double occupancy, in effect until September 27,1991. 1-718-388-4416 24 HOURS 7 DAYS A WEEK No. 39 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 15

Kravchuk addresses... absolute well-being, it does not exist that can produce disposable syringes, today, but nevertheless it wouldn't be a Byelorussian... I.V. bottles and other medical equip­ (Continued from page 12) serious problem. (Continued from page 2) ment. produced in October or November, but Daniel Sneider: How would you ^ In the contaminated areas there is a The two men are also asking for help the whole mass of money we need may considerable increase in thyroid gland in building hospitals for stricken pre­ be produced much later. If we are to describe your differences, if any, with Rukh and the Rukh leadership at this diseases (especially in children), various school children who need to be accom­ introduce our own currency, we must cancers, anemias, disorders of immune panied by their mothers during their have as much as we need. point, particularly with Mr. Chornovil, who is running against you, on any systems and upper respiratory illnesses. treatment, and an international insti­ We can't start introducing money major questions of policy? ^ Birth rates have dropped because tute where specialists from all parts of when we have 10 percent of what we the world can do their research. need. We have to say, for instance, what people are afraid to have children. More Mr. Kravchuk: There is one serious infants are born with Downs Syn­ "Byelorussia has become a live labo­ we feel is a realistic sum, say 5 billion. If ratory," said Prof. Lutsko. we have 1 billion in October we won't difference. I wouldn't like to analyze in drome, and mutations have emerged in introduce it because it wouldn't provide detail, it's a huge problem. But my plants and animals. For more information call: Ludmilla enough for our economy. position lies in the following: that In the name of the Byelorussian Thorne (212) 473-9691 in New York; stability is key for Ukraine and that's Socio-Ecological Union Chernobyl, Nikolay Zayev 529-96-64 in Moscow; or Juan Tamayo: In the future Soviet why an immediate radical turnover is Mr. Yakovenko and Prof. Lutsko are Vasil Yakovenko 20-39-04 in Minsk. Union that you envision, who would be not necessary — just to sack people, just issuing an appeal to the world public for IMkmmiAmvmiwv to create some enemy, not to frighten in charge of two very important items of assistance in building homes for the YEVSHANI YEVSHAN foreign policy and taxation? Who anyone by telling people that the enemy thousands of evacuees who are still would have the final authority over is around the corner, not to sow any waiting to be resettled and for factories UKRAINIAN kind of suspicion between the east and taxation? ENTERTAINMENT west. PRINTING IN UKRAINE в В UIA H CENTER Mr. Kravchuk: Those who forge the There must be people for whom this land is dear. The people must be KOBZA International has installed its union or later become members of it will own printing press in Kiev. CASSETTES allowed to elect leaders, whomever they create their own union structures. Books, magazines, color printing... VIDEO TAPES Those union structures will be respon­ chose or want. Because if someone from the center will be sent in to remove For information contact: LANGUAGE TAPES sible for all those issues delegated to 3253 Lakeshore Blvd. W. them by the members of the union. A leaders, it would simply be the old CHILDREN'S BOOKS system, it would be democracy upside Toronto, Ont., Canada M8V 1M3 union presupposes the creation of Tel. (416) 253-9314 MAIL ORDER CATALOG corresponding central structures. Those down. That's why I'm for a cautious, Fax: 253-9515 central structures will tackle the joint or weighted approach toward the realistic Audio Cassette duplication common problems, problems of all the solution of all the problems, for the compact disc replication members. realistic understanding of the political Ukrainian typesetting situation with its current forces. FOR THE OLD COUNTRY Church brocades and trims YEVSHAN Lisa Trei: I've talked to several! of the But today we can only do things Vestments or by the yard people who are running for president, under the current conditions. Our For samples write or call CORPORATION along with yourself. I wanted to ask, at wishes cannot come before the real Sorry we only speak English Box 325 conditions, the current placement of AMERICAN CHURCH SUPPLY Beaconsfield, Que., Canada this point there is no vice-presidency in 41 W. 699 Foxtail Circle Ukraine, is that something that may be political forces. H9W-5T8 I must say that I have to go to the St. Charles, IL 60175 Tel. (514) 630-9858 created in the future? If so, would this be (708) 464-4140 something you might offer if you were session now. I was very pleased to meet Fax. (514) 630-9960 elected president to one of your oppo­ with you. nents to broaden your base of support? Мґ. Kravchuk: I was for such a position when we voted for it and I tried t^onvince 4he^eputies of the necessity of such a position. But today I wouldn't A RARE ^ like to introduce any changes, because the people are very suspicious of any changes after adoption of the decision. OPPORTUNITY Today there is a lot of talk about shifting the date of the referendum, shifting the presidential election, esta­ A modern 12-story apartment blishing a vice-presidential position. I think if we go this route we'll sow building is being constructed in the distrust among the people toward our center of the Ukrainian community actions. That's why I wouldn't change anything. in New York City. But if in the course of time,, well feel that a vice-president is necessary, we A unique opportunity for Ukrainians might be able to elect one, although there are states without a vice-president, to have attractive living quarters like France. within the Ukrainian community in Roman Ferencevych: What's the the city. situation with food supplies in Ukraine for the upcoming winter?

Mr. Kravchuk: I think if we buy the St. George Cooperative Apartments are slated for occupancy in early spring, 1992. This elegant necessary concentrated feed for live­ 12-story coop building consists of 18 spacious one-bedroom apartments, 12 two-bedroom stock abroad, we won't have big pro­ blems with bread, dairy products and apartments, and 3 three-bedroom apartments. This deluxe apartment building features meat. So we are not worried right now about the menance of food shortages. The problem is that we need about 4 I two separate high speed elevators l washer and dryer facility million to buy a million tons of l modernly appointed kitchen with в compactor chute for refuse on each floor animal feed and a million tons of dishwasher l ample storage space in basement corn. And then the problem will be I generous walk-in closets I air conditioning more or less solved. There wouldn't be I fireproof structure I closed circuit TV intercom system sssssssssss Українська фірма I prewired telephone and cable TV l modern washroom bath and shower „КАРПАТИ" l terraces and balconies combination Займається: ремонтами і пере­ l oak strip flooring I spacious, bright room area будовою домів і підвальних приміщень (basement). Plumb­ ing, Bathrooms, Tiles, Electric, If you desire to live in New York, within the Ukrainian community, please inquire about these Carpentry, Painting, Welding, Roofing, Brick Pointing, Painting modern apartments on 7th Street near St. George's Ukrainian Catholic Church. If interested, and Decorating. Fully insured. please phone or get in touch with: Needed a SECRETARY with knowledge of Ukrainian fc English. languages. Preferred age -- ST. GEORGE UKRAINIAN CATHOLIC CHURCH 25-30 yrs. 33 East 7th Street Ш New York, N.Y. 10003 " Phone: (212) 674-1615 Vasili Cholak, (718) 545-3611 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1991 No. 39 Kiev theater to perform in New Jersey UPPER MONTCLAIR, N.J. - Theatre on Podol's productions em­ PREVIEW OF EVENTS Theatre on Podol, one of the first ploy music, dance and mime to move October 1 CHICAGO: Rev. Andrij Chirovsky, theaters in Ukraine to exist independent the story line. According to Eduard Ph.D., director of the Sheptytsky Insti­ of any state financial support, will make Lev, company manager, Theatre on PHILADELPHIA: The World Affairs tute of St. Paul University in Ottawa, will its New Jersey debut at Montclair State Podol makes adjustments for English- Council and the Ukrainian Human be a guest speaker on "Perspectives on on October 3-5. speaking^udiences, so that each pro­ Rights Committee will host a luncheon at the Further Resurgence of the Churches The Theatre on Podol is located in duction transcends potential language noon at the Hilton Hotel (formerly the in Ukraine." This talk is sponsored by the Kiev, the capital city of Ukraine. Podol barriers. . Hershey Hotel) on Broad and Locust. Ukrainian American Justice Committee, is an old, historic section of Kiev. The Dmytro Pavlychko, chairman of the and will be at 1 p.m. at the Ukrainian company of 16 actors will perform All three performances will be held in Ukrainian Foreign Relations Commit­ Cultural Center, 2251 W. Chicago Ave., Shakespeare's "Midsummer Night's Memorial Auditorium on the Mont­ tee, will speak. Reservations are required; (Chicago and Oakley). Admission is free. check, VISA or Mastercard accepted. Dream" on October 3, "Vertep" by clair State campus, beginning at 8 p.m. Tickets for each performance are S10 Call the World Affairs Council, (215) Valeriy Shevchuk on October 4 and October 11 standard, S8 for Montclair State fa­ 922-2900, or Ulana Mazurkevich, (215) "Sophocles-Shakespeare-Brecht," a 782-1019. collage based on classic motifs on culty and staff, and S6 for students and PHILADELPHIA: "Hrono" will appear October 5. senior citizens. Further information at 8 p.m. at Ulana's, 205 Bainebridge. For October 3 "Midsummer Night's Dream" and and ticket reservations may be obtained further information, call (215) 922-4152. "Sophocles-Shakespeare-Brecht" will by calling the box office, (201) 893- 5112. NEWARK, N.J.: A cantor's course will be performed in Russian; "Vertep" will begin at 7 p.m. with registration in the WARREN, Mich.: A two-man show of be performed in Ukrainian. A detailed Theatre on Podol is sponsored by basement of St. John the Baptist Church, art works by Mykola Shymonia and his program synopsis, as well as some Montclair State's School of Fine and 733 Sandford Ave. Lessons will be at 7-9 teacher, V. Dovbushynsky, will open at simultaneous translation, will be pro­ Performing Arts, Office of Special p.m. and will be taught by a cantor from 7:30 p.m. at Chaika Gallery, 26499 Ryan vided at each performance Projects/ Cultural Programming. St. George's Cathedral in Lviv. Open to Road. Both artists are from Lviv and the anyone from St. John's Deanery, the exhibit of their works, which will in­ S100 course includes divine liturgy, clude acrylics, watercolors, graphics and Theology courses offered in October Sunday tones, funeral, baptism, mar­ oils, will run until October 25. Call Myra riage, etc. and "samohlasni" tones. For Kowal Dutkewych, (315) 755-5200, for PITTSBURGH, Pa. - Various Fall Faith," (in Johnstown, Pa.) further information, call St. John's further information and gallery hours. courses in theology and related subjects The lector training sessions will be Ukrainian Catholic Church, (201) 371- are being offered throughout the U.S. held: "A Well-Trained Tongue," (in 1356. during the month of October. The McKeesport, Pa.) and "Iconography," length of the courses is usually one (in Pittsburgh). October 12-13 day per week for about 6 to 8 weeks. October 5 For information on these seminars CHICAGO: The Altar and Rosary So­ "An Introduction to Sacred Scrip­ call Sister Ann Laszok, (412)481-9778. TRENTON, N.J.: Branch 19 of the ciety of St. Joseph's Ukrainian Catholic ture" will be taught in Parma, Ohio. Ukrainian National Women's League of Church, 5000 North Cumberland Ave., "The Writings of St. Paul" will be A series of Miami workshops will America is sponsoring an autumn dance will have their fourth annual Big Early offered in Pittsburgh, Pa., Austintown, also be held. These include "Stages of at St. Josaphat's Ukrainian Church Hall, Bird Christmas Bazaar on Saturday, 9 Ohio, and Parma, Ohio. Faith," "Spiritual Growth through 1195 Deutz Ave. Music will be provided p.m. to 5 p.m. and Sunday, 9 p.m. to 2 In the section titled "Catechist For­ Prayer," "Re-discovering Marriage," by Tempo, starting at 9 p.m. The admis­ p.m. There will be 44 craft exhibitors, mation," the courses offered are "The "Sin and the Family" and "When I was sion, which includes a buffet, is S20 for plus Ukrainian food. Elements of Tradition" (in Akron and Sick... Parishes that Care." For infor­ adults and S15 for students. For further information, please call Natalka Posewa Cleveland, Ohio) and "The Eyes of mation on these, call (305) 262-4192. (609) 259-2763, or Maria Hluszok, (609) October 13 585-3136. TRENTON, N.J.: The Ukrainian Cul­ FRATERNAL tural Center cordially invites the public October 6 and its members to a picnic at 1 pjn^at INSURANCE ACCOUNTANT the center, 477 JeremiarAv^p0r1urtheT JENKINTOWN, Pa.: The annual Ukrai­ Degreed Accountant with working knowledge of statutory accounting principles and information, call Olha Faraoniw, (609) nian Festival will be held at Manor experience in putting together insurance company quarterly and annual reports. Posi­ 882-9419, or Borys Gulay, (609) 585- Junior College, Fox Chase Road and 6208. tion requires knowledge of a computerized general ledger system and the ability to Forrest Avenue, from noon to 6 p.m. create and analyze management reports. Events include dance, music, pony and hay rides, as well as samplings of ethnic Salary is commensurate with experience. Good benefits. Pleasant working conditions. GREAT MEADOWS, NJ.: St. Nicho­ foods and crafts. There will be a divine las Ukrainian Catholic Church will have liturgy in the auditorium at 11 a.m. The Send resume to: its annual fall harvest festival by com­ program will begin at 1:30 p.m. with the bined societies at the church hall, Route Alexander Blahitka Voloshky Ukrainian Dance Ensemble, 46. Traditional Ukrainian foods will be the Haidamaky Ukrainian Vocal En­ Ukrainian National Association on sale from 1 p.m. and there will be semble, Vesna Dance Ensemble, Volo­ dancing to Jolly Joe Timmers' orchestra 30 Montgomery Street shky School Dancers and the Soloveyky from 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. Admission is S5. Singers. There will also be a market Jersey City, NJ. 07302 For further information, call (908) 637- where mastercraftsmen will demonstrate 6316. and exhibit Ukrainian beadwork, wood carving, weaving, pysanky, leathercraft, block printing and ceramics. Admission is S3 for adults and SI for children. October 16 Reflections Parking is free. For further information, call (215) 885-2360. CLEVELAND: John Carroll University, of the past Department of Classical and Modern For the first time on video. CHICAGO: Joint the Chicago Group in Languages and Cultures, with the sup­ apple picking at Paddy's Apple Patch in port of the International Studies Center, Woodstock, 111. Members and prospec­ will present a lecture on "Ukraine: The On the occassion of the tive members are invited to "pick your Quiet Revolution toward Independence" Centennial of Ukrainians in own" from noon to 4 p.m. for S10-S12 a at 7:30 p.m. as part of its "Central and Canada, Prolog Video is bushel. Bring your own lunch and blan­ Eastern Europe: Euphoria and Agony" ket, and look for those wearing white series. The lecture will be given by proud to annouce the Chicago Group visors. Paddy's is on St. Andrew Fedynsky, a senior legislative release on video of the Patrick's Road off Charles Alden Road assistant to Rep. Mary Rose Oakar and Slavko Novytski in Woodstock, (815) 337-0141. For more director of the Ukrainian Museum- information or to arrange a car pool, call Archives in Cleveland. It is free and open documentary movie, Peter Taborr, (312) 850-9463. to the public, and refreshments and infor­ Reflections of the past. mational materials will be available. For group reservations and additional 00 CHICAGO: The Ukrainian National information, contact Liz Zitnik, (216) ^35 USD Women's League of America, Branch 6, 397-4371. Plus Postage and Handling invites the public to attend its annual jewelry fashion show, being held to To order call Toll-Free benefit the Children of Chornobyl. The October 19 from the O.S. or Canada event will be held at the Ukrainian Cultural Center in Chicago, with cock­ CHICAGO: The Chicago branch of the 1-800-458-0288 tails at 12:30 p.m. and the luncheon and Plast sorority Pershi Stezhi will hold an fashion show at 1:30 p.m. Members and exhibit of ceramic sculptures by 01exan- or write to: guests will be modelling jewelry and dra Kochman at the gallery of the accessories that will be available for Ukrainian Cultural Center, 2247 W. Prolog Video purchase from selected vendors. Tickets Chicago Ave. Exhibit hours are from 10 are S25, senior citizens and students, S20. a.m. to 6 p.m. on Saturday and from 10 744 Broad Street, Suite 1115 For ticKets and table reservations please a.m. to 2 p.m. on Sunday, October 20. An Newark, New Jersey, USA 07102 contact Bohdanna Domino, (708) 920- opening reception will be held on Friday, 9623. October 18 at 8 p.m.