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Pamyatniki-Moskvy.Pdf 2009 Moscow Government Правительство Москвы The Moscow City Culture Heritage Committee Комитет по культурному наследию города Москвы 19 Pyatnitskaya Street Пятницкая, 19 2009 ПАМЯТНИКИ МОСКВЫ MOSCOW MONUMENTS Правительство Москвы Moscow Government Комитет по культурному наследию The Moscow City Culture Heritage города Москвы Committee Руководитель проекта: Project manager: В.А. Шевчук V.A. Shevchuk Ответственный редактор: Executive editor: С.Е. Солнцева S.E. Solntseva Ответственный секретарь: Executive secretary: И.П. Иванова I. P. Ivanova Издатель: Publisher: К.А. Руденцова K.A. Rudentsova Редакторы: Editors: П.С. Уханова P.S. Ukhanova А.А. Максимова A.A. Maximova Корректор: Proofreader: Е.В. Сокольская E.V. Sokolskaya Перевод: Translation: Г. Уотс G. Watts В.П. Золкин V.P. Zolkin Верстка: Makeup: Дизайн-студия Натальи Малининой Natalya Malinina design studio ООО «МСБтехнология» MSBTechnology Ltd ПаМятниКи МоСКВы MOSCOW MONUMENTS Мэр Москвы Юрий Михайлович Лужков Yury Michaylovich Luzhkov, Mayor of Moscow жизни любого народа культур- ultural heritage is an integral ное наследие занимает особое part in the life of every nation; Вместо, к нему обращаются в са- Cit is appealed in the most diffi- мые сложные моменты своей истории. cult moments of nation's history. Cul- Культурное наследие — это духовный, tural heritage is spiritual, economic экономический и социальный капитал and social capital of immeasurable неизмеримой ценности, который нарав- value, which on a par with natural re- не с природными богатствами является sources, is one of the most principal одним из главных оснований для наци- foundations for national self-respect онального самоуважения и признания and recognition by the world com- мировым сообществом. Стремление к munity. Aspiration for preservation of его сохранению — это потребность в cultural heritage is a need in connec- сохранении связи с прошлым, которое tion with the past, which strengthens усиливает чувство стабильности и не- the sense of stability and continuity, прерывности, составляющих основу composing the basis of life of every жизни любого здорового общества. healthy society. Панорама Москвы Panorama of Moscow 8 9 ПаМятниКи МоСКВы MOSCOW MONUMENTS Москва богата памятниками, от- Moscow is rich with monuments re- «Царицыно». только в 2008 году пол- Only in 2008 full complex of repair- разив шими вехи ее многовековой исто- flecting the milestones of its centuries- ный комплекс ремонтно-реставраци- and-restoration works is completed on рии. Сегодня в Москве насчитывается old history. There are more than 6.5 онных работ завершен на 50 памятни- 50 Moscow monuments of history and более 6,5 тысяч памятников истории thousand monuments of history and ках истории и культуры столицы. culture. и культуры. В последние годы Прави- culture in Moscow today. During last охрана культурного наследия в со- Cultural heritage protection in тельство Москвы активизирует работу years the Moscow Government has временных мегаполисах — это осо- modern megalopolises is a very spe- по защите и восстановлению москов- activated works on protection and re- бая задача, стоящая не только перед cial task, facing not only Moscow but ских объектов культурного наследия. construction of Moscow cultural heri- Москвой, но и перед всеми крупны- all big European capitals. That is why Приоритетный статус имеют проекты по tage objects. Projects for preservation ми европейскими столицами. именно today special attention is paid to inter- сохранению как памятников прошлых of monuments of past centuries and поэ тому особое внимание сегодня уде- national cooperation in this area. The столетий, так и памятников советской monuments of Soviet architecture of ляется международному сотрудниче- need in the exchange of experience, архитектуры 1930-1950-х годов, внес- 1930-1950s, which made tremendous ству в данной области. Потребность в mutual elaboration of programs for шей огромный вклад в историю миро- contribution into history of the world обмене опытом, совместной разработ- solution of actual problems of cultural вой архитектуры XX века, и сегодня architecture of the twentieth century ке программ по решению актуальных and historical monuments preservation особенно остро нуждающихся в защи- and are in desperate need of protec- проблем сохранения памятников исто- based on the modern investigations, те. В 2008-м году Распоряжением Пра- tion now, have high priority. In 2008 рии и культуры с опорой на новейшие informational need in publications вительства Москвы были поставлены the most significant objects of Soviet исследования, информационная по- on problems of theory and practice под региональную охрану наиболее avant-garde and monuments of Soviet требность в публикациях по пробле- of heritage preservation laid founda- значительные объекты архитектуры neo-classicism, so-called “Stalin’s’ em- мам теории и практики сохранения tion for making the Memorandum on советского авангарда и памятники pire” — such as the Peking hotel, the наследия дала основу для заключения Collaboration between Moscow and «советского неоклассицизма», так на- building of “Arkos” joint-stock com- в 2007-м году Меморандума о сотруд- UNESCO in 2007. In 2008 Treaty on зываемого «сталинского ампира», та- pany, the Club named after S.P. Gor- ничестве между Москвой и ЮнЕСКо. Collaboration between Moscow and кие как гостиница «Пекин», здание bunov in Fili, the “Pobeda” (Victory) В 2008-м году был подписан Договор International Council on Monuments акционерного общества «аркос», клуб movie theatre and so on, were placed о сотрудничестве между Мос квой и and Sites (ICOMOS) was entered. Fur- им. С.П. Горбунова в Филях, кинотеатр under regional protection by Decree of Международным Советом по охране thermore, in 2008 Moscow acceded to «Победа» и другие. Всего под охраной Moscow Government. There are more памятников и достопримечательных the world movement of the Organiza- государства находится уже более 400 than 400 monuments of Soviet period мест (иКоМоС). Кроме того, в 2008-м tion of World Heritage Cities (OWHC) памятников советского периода. under state protection now. году Москва присоединилась к всемир- in the frames of execution of the Con- Сегодня Москву украшают архитек- Today architectural masterpieces ному движению организации го ро дов vention Concerning the Protection of турные шедевры, обретенные городом gained by city due to successful res- Всемирного наследия (оГВн), создан- World Cultural and Natural Heritage. благодаря успешным реставрацион- toration works, made by Moscow re- ному в целях развития сотрудни чества Historical sites of Moscow are an ным работам, проведенным москов- storers, embellish the capital. The между городами в рамках выполне- integral part of tourist business of the скими специа листами-реставраторами. Petrovsky Putevoy (Travelling) Palace, ния Конвенции по защите Всемирного city. Nevertheless “non-material prof- Среди них — Петровский путевой дво- the Pashkov House, the Ensemble of культурного и природного наследия. it”, expressed not in money but in in- рец, Дом Пашкова, ансамбль Марфо- Martha and Mary Convent of Mercy, the исторические достопримечатель- herited value, which one generation Мариинской обители, гостиница Leningradskaya Hotel, and the Tsaritsi- ности Москвы — составная часть ту- must bequeath to next generations, is «Ленин град ская», музей-заповедник no Open-air Museum are among them. ристической отрасли города. однако an integral part of economic activity. 10 11 ПаМятниКи МоСКВы MOSCOW MONUMENTS неотъемлемой частью экономической Today, in the epoch of rapid devel- деятельности является «нематериаль- opment of science and technology, ная прибыль», выраженная не в день- we observe inevitable aspiration for гах, но в наследуемой ценности, в том, change of traditional way of life settled что одно поколение должно оставить в during many centuries. In such condi- наследство следующим поколениям. tions problems of preservation of origi- Сегодня, в условиях бурного раз- nality and settled in centuries unique- вития науки и технологий, мы наблю- ness and indecipherability of urban даем неизбежное стремление к изме- environment become very important. нению традиционного, сложившегося To preserve continuity of times, to save веками уклада жизни. В этих услови- outstanding monuments of history and ях очень важными становятся вопро- culture — is our foreground task. сы сохранения самобытности и сфор- мировавшейся веками уникальности и неповторимости городской среды. Сохранить связь времён, не дать бес- следно исчезнуть выдающимся памят- никам истории и культуры — наша приоритетная задача. Купола церквей Московского Кремля Domes of churches of the Moscow Kremlin 12 13 ПаМятниКи МоСКВы из иСтоРии МоСКВы MOSCOW MONUMENTS FROM history OF MOSCOW CITY Из истории города From history Москвы of Moscow city ервое упоминание о Москве в irst mention of Moscow in Russian русских хрониках датируется chronicles is dated by year 1147. П1147 годом — этот год счита- FThis year is considered to be of- ется официальным началом ее исто- ficial beginning of Moscow history. An- рии. Под 1156 год древняя летопись cient annals of year 1156 contain the поместила известие: «Князь вели- following information: “Yuri Volodi- кий Юрий Володимерович заложи merovich, the Grand Prince, found- град Москву на устниже неглинны, ed Moscow city in the estuary of the выше реки аузы». начиная с этого Neglinka River, upstream of the Yauza года, после строительства деревян- River”. From this year, after construc- ной крепости на высоком Боровиц- tion of wooden stronghold on the high
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