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Characterization of Agricultural Soils in CASCAPE Intervention Woredas in Western Oromia Region

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Characterization of Agricultural Soils in CASCAPE Intervention Woredas in Western Oromia Region Characterization of Agricultural Soils in CASCAPE Intervention Woredas in Western Oromia Region By Alemayehu Regassa (PhD) Final Report December, 2015 Table of Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1. Objective of the study .......................................................................................................... 9 1.2. Specific Objectives ................................................................................................................. 9 1.3. Scope of the study ................................................................................................................. 9 2. Materials and Methods ........................................................................................................... 10 2.1. The pre-fieldwork preparation phase ........................................................................... 11 2.2. The fieldwork phase ............................................................................................................ 12 2.3. Reconnaissance ..................................................................................................................... 12 2.4. Detailed profile description ............................................................................................... 12 2.5. Laboratory analysis ............................................................................................................. 13 2.6. Data Processing .................................................................................................................... 13 3. Results .......................................................................................................................................... 14 3.1. Description of the environmental settings of the studied woredas .............. 14 3.1.1. Omo Nada Woreda ................................................................................................... 14 3.1.2. Limu saka .................................................................................................................... 15 3.1.3. Gera Woreda .............................................................................................................. 15 3.1.4. Didessa Woreda ........................................................................................................ 17 3.1.5. Bedele zuria woreda ................................................................................................ 17 3.2. Results of Preparation and Review of Existing Information ............................. 18 3.3. Results of Field Work and Data processing ............................................................ 33 3.4. Soils of CASCAPE intervention Kebeles in Omo Nada Woreda ....................... 33 3.4.1. Geomorphology and Geology .............................................................................. 33 3.4.2. The soil- landscape .................................................................................................. 40 3.4.3. Soil profile descriptions with analytical data ................................................. 44 3.4.4. Synthesis ..................................................................................................................... 58 3.5. Soils of CASCAPE intervention Kebeles in Limu Saka woreda ........................ 61 3.5.1. Geomorphology and Geology .............................................................................. 61 3.5.2. The soil- landscape .................................................................................................. 65 3.5.3. Soil profile descriptions with analytical data ................................................. 69 2 3.5.4. Synthesis ..................................................................................................................... 79 3.6. Soils of CASCAPE intervention Kebeles in Gera woreda ................................... 81 3.6.1. Geology and geomorphology ............................................................................... 81 3.6.2. The soil- landscape .................................................................................................. 84 3.6.3. Synthesis ................................................................................................................... 100 3.7. Soils of CASCAPE intervention Kebeles in Didessa woreda ........................... 102 3.7.1. Geology and geomorphology ............................................................................. 102 3.7.2. The soil- landscape ................................................................................................ 105 3.7.3. Synthesis ................................................................................................................... 117 3.8. Soils of CASCAPE intervention Kebeles in Bedele Zuria woreda .................. 119 3.8.1. Geology and Geomorphology ............................................................................ 119 3.8.2. The soil- landscape ................................................................................................ 121 3.8.3. Synthesis ................................................................................................................... 136 4. Conclusion and recommendation ..................................................................................... 138 5. References ................................................................................................................................ 140 6. Annex .......................................................................................................................................... 143 Annex 1. Auger Observation points of CASCAPE intervention woredas in West Oromia region .................................................................................................................................. 143 Annex 2. Studied soil profiles in CASCAPE intervention Woredas of West Oromia region .................................................................................................................................................. 148 Annex 3. Slope map of the CASCAPE intervention woredas in West Oromia region .............................................................................................................................................................. 149 Annex 4. Elevation map of the CASCAPE intervention woredas in West Oromia region .................................................................................................................................................. 153 3 List of Tables Table 1. Total area and percentage coverage of different landforms for kebeles in CASCAPE intervention woredas ...................................................................... 20 Table 2: Slope classes in CASCAPE intervention woredas of west oromia region ... 26 Table 3: Slope classes of Kebeles in CASCAPE intervention woredas ................... 27 Table 4. Area and percent coverage of lithology in CASCAPE intervention kebeles in Omo Nada woreda ....................................................................................... 38 Table 5: Summary of major Soil types and their distribution in the four CASCAPE intervention kebeles of Omo Nada woreda....................................................... 42 Table 6. Site and profile description and lab analytical data of CASCAPE intervention kebeles in Omo Nada woreda ....................................................... 44 6.1. Site and profile description of Doyo Yaya Kebele ....................................... 44 Table 6.2: Physical properties of soil profile in Doyo Yaya ................................. 47 Table 6.3: Selected chemical properties of soil profiles in Doyo Yaya Kebele ........ 48 Table 6.4. Exchangeable cations and CEC results of soil profiles in Doyo yaya kebele ................................................................................................................. 48 Table 6.5 : Site and profile description of soil profiles in nada Bidaru kebele ........ 49 Table 6.6: Physical properties of soil profiles in Nada Bidaru Kebele .................. 51 Table 6.7: Selected chemical properties of soil profiles in Nada Bidaru ................ 51 Table 6.8: Exchangeable cations and CEC results of soil profiles in Nada Bidaru kebele ........................................................................................................ 52 Table 6.9: Site and profile description of Nada Chala Kebele in Omo Nada Woreda ................................................................................................................. 52 Tabler 6.10: Physical properties of soil profiles in Nada Chala Kebele ................. 54 Table 6.11: Selected chemical properties of soil profiles in Nada Chala kebele ..... 55 Table 6.12: Exchangeable cations and CEC results of soil profiles in Nada Chala kebele ........................................................................................................ 55 Table 6.13: Site and profile description of Toli Beyem Kebele in Omo Nada Woreda ................................................................................................................. 56 Table 6.14: Physical properties of soil profiles in Toli Beyem Kebele .................. 57 Table 6.15: Selected chemical properties of soil profiles in Toli Beyem kebele ..... 57 1 Table 6.16: Exchangeable cations and CEC results of soil profiles
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