Rescue in Snowdonia Snowdon Background

Snowdonia National Park contains the tallest mountain in Wales – Snowdon. The mountain measures 1085m and there are six public rights of way to the summit. There are other paths as well, the most famous leading over Crib Goch. The paths are between 3.25 miles and 5.5 miles to the summit (remember that you have to walk back down again) and rise between 713 metres and 1015m. About 375,000 people walk the paths to the summit every year. Of these a small percentage - less than 1 % ask for assistance to come down the mountain. Some of these are injured, some are lost and some have mistimed their journey. Many of these make the headlines. This pack is based on the 1% and the reasons why they need assistance to get down the mountain. It contains a data file gathered by the Llanberis Mountain Rescue Team, www.llanberismountainrescue.co.uk . You can find more information about the team’s activities by following them on and For further information regarding mountain safety and how to avoid injuries and incidents, go to Snowdonia National Park’s website www.eryri-npa.gov.uk . More information about the footpaths can be found there as well under ‘Visiting’ and ‘Walking’. How to use the pack?

You will need to use our interactive map for Task 1. It would be useful for you to go over your map reading skills as well – symbols, contour lines and scale. To load the map visit www.eryri-npa.gov.uk /education/resources. You’ll find the ‘Rescue in Snowdonia’ map there. Having loaded the map, you can zoom in for greater detail using the bar on the top left. Every icon shows the location of a mountain rescue incident. By clicking on the icon further details will open up. By choosing the ‘key’ icon on the right hand side you can choose layers to study – walking / climbing / scrambling. If you want to search for a particular location, type in SH and the grid reference into the search box located bottom right.

You will need the data table at the back of the pack for Task 2.

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Snowdon Data — what the fields mean

Date: incident date. Time ; the exact time that the incident call was logged. Grid Ref; the six figure grid reference for the incident. Location; the name for that location; it can be seen on the map. Weather; a description of the weather at the time wind / precipitation cloud cover / temperature. Ground conditions; what type of path; difficult / easy / rocky / ridge. the ground was underfoot; dry/wet/slippery/ icy/snow. Cause; what caused the caller to call for assistance in the first place lost / late / agravating old injury / slipped. CRAGFAST stuck to the rock like a limpet and cannot move. Injury; which part of the body was injured if there was an injury. If there was no injury, NONE will be written down. Seriousness; how serious was the injury; fatal / serious / minor / none Activity; what activity was the person doing at the time. Walking/ climbing (needs rope and harness)/ scrambling (need to use your hands but no rope required) . Rescue detail; how the person was brought down from the mountain. Sex; M = male F = female. Age; their age at the time. Equipment; the suitability of their equipment (rucksack, waterproofs) Good / Suitable / Poor.

Where no details have been collected you will see ‘no record / no information’. When ‘irrelevant’ is seen under equipment, it means that they were with a group and that the

leader has the safety equipment required.

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Snowdon Data

Snowdon is the highest mountain in Wales at 1085m (height). As it is an impressive, iconic mountain about 375,000 people walk to the summit, and around 120,000 people travel to the summit by train. SNPA officers monitor the use of the footpaths so that they know where maintenance work is needed in the future. Walkers are counted by pressure pads in the ground or as they go through gates and stiles.

This is the data for Snowdon for 2012. It will help you to answer the questions that follow.

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Snowdon Data

Tabl Users on Snowdon 2012 page 4 Rescue on Snowdon

Snowdon Crib Goch Llanberis Miners PYG Rhyd Ddu Ranger Watkin

January 2441 5970 6247 292 215 1564 221

February 3497 3237 14255 212 314 1213 395

March 5124 6246 10375 803 677 1663 439

April 12732 9549 7874 1229 1392 4457 1250

May 14729 11296 3521 1625 1015 3906 1217

June 18444 12005 2035 1568 1350 5419 633

July 17737 12163 9301 2394 1503 3652 785

August 26612 17086 6240 3915 2289 4842 958

September 1747 10908 6467 4332 1270 4105 1140

October 2371 7557 9182 4106 911 3066 883

November 3051 3615 4046 1028 381 1486 246

December 4078 2527 1203 1024 491 781 66

Total 112560 102155 80745 22526 11805 36153 8233

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Task 1 - Map Reading

Look carefully at the location of incidents on Snowdon. You may need to zoom in on your map for greater detail.

1. Choose ...... Most accidents occur under 500m / over 500m

2. Why did so many incidents happen at this height? Think of the following Land form ; ridge / steep / flat / slight gradient ; rocky / rough/ wet /woodland distance taken to get there; the incidents are over ...... km from the start of the path. Put these together as a sentence to answer the question Most calls for help occurred at a height of ……………m because______3. Search for grid reference SH61 54. Here the PYG Track and the Miners Path meet. Around 200,000 people walk these paths every year. There’s a cluster of incidents in this grid reference. Why? Complete this writing frame using the terms above and your own words.

From the east of the grid to the west of the grid the path rises from ...... metres to ...... metres over a distance of ...... km . This means that the land rises steeply / gradually. This part of the path is ...... km from the start of your journey. If you had walked to the summit and were on your way down you would have walked ...... km and risen …………………..metres.

Why were there so many callouts to this grid square?______

______

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Task 1 - Map Reading

4. What were most leisure users doing when they got into difficulties?

Walking / climbing / scrambling / running

5. Why do you think there were so many more callouts for people doing this activity? ______

6. Look at the incidents that are to do with ‘scrambling’.

Name the location ______

Describe the landform here ______

Why do you think so many incidents occured here? Because ______

______

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Task 2; Data Analysis - making graphs by hand and interpreting them.

REMEMBER a graph has to have labelled axis, a title and they look better if made using a ruler. Use the data table of incidents on Snowdon 2012 to do the tasks.

1. Line graph Draw a graph to show the ‘number of walkers on Snowdon’ for every month of the year • Which month is the busiest on Snowdon ? ______• Which month is the quietest on Snowdon?______• Can you explain this pattern? ______

2. Bar Graph Draw a bar graph to show the ‘pattern of monthly incidents’ for 2012. Don’t colour it. • Which month saw most incidents? ______• Which month saw least incidents? ______• In which season did most incidents occur? ______Consider this and your first graph. Give a reason for the pattern. ______

3. Compound Bar chart Use your monthly incidents graph Split every monthly incident bar to show the number of males and females involved. Colour this and add a key to your graph. • In which months were more females involved in incidents than males? ______and ______

• Suggest why more males than females are involved in incidents.

Because ______

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Task 2; Data Analysis -‐ making graphs by and hand and interpreting them 3. Pie chart. Task 2: Draw Data a Analysis pie chart - making of the graphs ages of by those and involved in incidents. hand • Which and age interpreting group was them most likely to be ? involved in an incident ______• Which age group was least likely to be involved ? in an incident ______4. Pie chart. Draw a pie• chart Try of to the explain ‘ages of those the pattern ______involved in incidents’. • Which age______group was most likely to be involved in an incident? ______• Which age group was least likely to be involved in an incident?______• Try to explain the pattern ______4. Bar chart ______Complete this graph to show the injuries sustained by month. 5. Bar chart Complete this graph to show the injuries sustained each month.

Injuries on Snowdon 2012 12 11 10 9 8 Fatal 7 Serious 6 5 Minor Number 4 None 3 2 1 0

April May June July March August January October February NovemberDecember September Month

• Which month saw the greatest number of serious incidents? ______• What •was Which the most month common saw record the for injuries greatest during number the year? of ______serious incidents? ______Why were• What the so many was incidents the most involving common these? record Search for for an incident injuries ? during the year on ______the map and giveWhy a reason.______were the so many incidents involving these? Search for an incident on the map and give a reason.______6. Optional graph • Choose5. Optional a suitable graphing graph technique to show the data ’cause’ of accident. • Choose a suitable graphing technique to show the data ’cause’ • Think of a series of questions about the graph that you can ask another member of your class.• Think of a series of questions about the graph that you can ask ur another member of yo class.

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK Task 3 - A ‘real’ rescue – research and organising a rescue

You’re a member of the Llanberis Mountain Rescue team. Research their work, the type of incidents that they deal with and the type of equipment that they carry. Task 3— A ‘real’ rescue – research and organising a rescue You have been called to an incident in grid reference SH 6054 - you can choose the You’re a member of the Llanberis mountain rescue team. Research their work, the type of incident. incidents that they deal with and the type of equipment that they carry For reasonsYou beyond have been your control, called to the Snowdon an incident Mountain in grid reference SH 6054— Railwayyou can isn’t choose running the today, incident. Hafod Eryri,For reasons the building beyond at the your summit control, is closed the and Snowdon the yellow mountain helicopter railway can’t isn’t running today, Hafod help as it’s inEryri, the Lake the District. building at the summit is closed and the yellow helicopter cant help as it’s in the Your taskLake is to District assist the person making the call. Your task is to assist the person making the call. You need to get the team together, make sure that you have the right kit for the weather in your You rucksack need and to the get equipment the team needed together, to get the make casualty sure off that the you mountain. have the right kit for weather in You your rucksack and the equipment needed to get the casualty u off the mountain. Yo need to need to organise the walk in the safest means possible for your team and the walk out organise the walk in by the safest means possible for your team and the walk out by by the quickest route for the person being rescued. Use the following headings to help quickest route for the person being rescued. Use the following headings to help you you organiseorganise the the task. task.

Location: SH ______Causes: ______Weather: ______

Path: ______Injury: ______

Conditions underfoot:______Equipment in your rucksack: ______Travel time to site the * :______hours Travel time from site * :______hours Total time ( out including time to treat the ) casualty :______hours

Number in your team : Further comments:

*Use Naismiths rule - 1 hour to walk 5km (3 miles) adding 1 minute for every 10 metres uphill. *Use Naismiths rule -‐ 1 hour to walk 5km (3 miles) adding 1 minute for every 10 metres uphill. FollowingFollowing the incident, the write incident, a report write for the a Daily report Post for / Western the Mail Daily outlining Post / Wesetrn Mail outlining the the incidentincident and details and of the details rescue. of Use the your rescue. imagination. Use . your imagination You should also provide some mountain safety advice in the article.

You should also provide some mountain safety advice in the article.

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK

0 0 0 1 6 1 1 1 7 4 0 1 0 0 1 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 2 10 31 11 No record Scrambling

0 3 0 0 1 2 3 0 3 1 0 2 0 2 2 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6

Poor Activity

Climbing

1 4 0 2 1 0 0 2 0 2 5 3 1 9 2 2 6 4 7 7 3 20 16 17 10 84 Equipment Adequate Walking

1 4 4 0 1 7 5 4 3 6 1 0 0 1 0 2 2 2 2 5 2 0 2 0

36 18 Good

Other

0 1 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 2 0 9 1 0 0 0 1 3 3 1 0 7 0 2 18 60+ Cragfast

1 4 0 2 0 5 2 7 0 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 4 0 4 0 26 13 60 41 -‐

Weather

Age 1 4 4 1 5 2 2 2 3 4 1 3 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 5 0 32 12 40 Cause 21 -‐

Darkness

0 2 0 0 4 3 4 3 3 5 2 0 6 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 0 10 36 10

20 -‐ 0 Lost

0 4 1 2 5 1 4 5 3 3 2 1 1 2 2 1 6 4 2 3 1 5 2 3 31 32

Female Slip/fall/ trip

Sex 2 7 3 1 4 9 5 4 8 4 0 8 2 1 1 2 6 6 4 6 2 11 14 72 11 49

Male None

2 4 3 9 9 7 5 1 2 1 1 4 5 0 4 1 1 1 0 11 10 16 17 10 21

103

Minor individuals

2 7 3 3 9 7 5 8 6 4 1 1 1 1 4 3 3 6 2 3 3 3 Injuries

10 11 75 31 Callouts Callouts Serious

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1

16727 22727 24887 37232 36090 40820 46750 60984 28828 27192 13605 10103 365 945 Walkers Fatal

y rch

ne gust July July Ma May Ju June April April vember Total Total Ma March Au August Month Month January January October October February February December December No November Se ptember September

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R C E E L N E O DLAE T H Rescue in Snowdonia - Snowdon SNOWDONIA NATIONAL PARK