DRAFT—updated syllabus will be distributed in class
Twentieth Century (mainly) Protestant Theologies (EMT 3542 / 6542) Winter 2016 / Wednesdays, 11:00-1:00 Thomas E. Reynolds [email protected] / (416) 585–4544
Description:
This course explores key figures and movements in 20th century (mainly) Protestant Theologies. The scope of investigation broadly includes liberal, neo-orthodox, political/liberation, feminist/womanist/mujerista, postliberal, postmodern, and global theologies. Attention will be given to representative authors and related movements. Educational methods used include lectures, discussions, presentations, and a research paper.
Required Texts
Most of the required reading for the course is taken from the following books, available for purchase at Crux Books, Wycliffe College or online through other distributers, or available on reserve at the Emmanuel Library:
-Core Text James. C. Livingston, et. al., Modern Christian Thought, Vol II: The Twentieth Century, 2nd ed. (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2006). -Primary Texts Karl Barth, Evangelical Theology: An Introduction (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 1992) Dietrich Bonhoeffer, A Testament to Freedom: Essential Writings of Dietrich Bonhoeffer (New York: Harper One, 1995) Ada Maria Isasi-Diaz, Mujerista Theology: A Theology for the Twenty-First Century (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1996) Paul Tillich, ed. F. Forrester Church, The Essential Tillich (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1999)
Other required and recommended reading will be available on reserve in the Emmanuel College library or distributed online via the Portal.
Recommended Texts
Gregory Baum, ed., The Twentieth Century: A Theological Overview (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1999) David Ford and Rachel Muers, eds., The Modern Theologians: An Introduction to Christian Theology Since 1918, 3rd ed. (Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2005)
1 Learning Goals
Upon completion of this class, students should be able to…
1. Articulate the challenges and developments of 20th century theology. 2. Demonstrate basic knowledge of key figures in 20th century Protestant theology. 3. Identify various approaches and methods in 20th century theology. 4. Note salient features of liberal, neo-orthodox, political/liberation, feminist/womanist/mujerista, postliberal, postmodern, and global theologies. 5. Appreciate the importance of context for theological reflection. 6. Explore in greater analytic detail aspects of one or more authors/movements in 20th century theology. 7. Exhibit the capacity to participate as a citizen in a theological community: -displaying empathetic and critical thinking in reading, speaking, and writing… -demonstrating initiative in research and critical appraisal of sources used… -communicating responsibly, carefully, and clearly… -framing and developing theological arguments supported with evidence… -showing an awareness of oneself as an interpreter… -exhibiting tolerance for ambiguity while remaining genuinely committed
Class-Time Format
The basic arrangement of time in class will be that of lecture-presentation-discussion. Mainly, the course will operate in a seminar format, oriented toward discussing texts and themes in an interactive and open environment. Lectures will be offered occasionally to introduce, help clarify, and expand the context and substance of topics/materials. Class presentations from students will provide a way to introduce the readings and ask key questions to generate discussion (see Course Requirements, below, for more information).
Course Requirements and Assignments
1. Class Attendance and Participation...... …....….. 15% 2. Class Presentation………………….……...... …....… 15% 3. Book Analysis……………………………………….. 20% 4. Research Paper...... …...... ….. 50%
1. Regular attendance and informed participation in class is an important part of the learning experience. More than three absences may result in loss of course credit. Because discussion is a key part of the class, nurturing an engagement with course materials, your questions and comments are valued and will be a factor in the overall grade. Readings for each class will be discussed on the basis of student questions and classroom interaction in response to presentations and/or lectures. To this end, it is expected that you will have done the readings, critically reflected upon them, and be prepared to contribute substantively. Careful reading is fundamental to informed participation, so journaling or note taking while reading is encouraged.
2 2. Class Presentation. At each class session, one or two students, by pre-arrangement with the instructor, will initiate discussion by referring to salient points in the week‘s reading assignments, mainly from the primary sources, then raising two or three questions to generate conversation over important issues/themes. BD students should address the class for approximately 8 minutes (or 15 minutes, total, if two students present). AD students should prepare a more substantive presentation guiding the class through key elements in the readings for approximately 15 minutes.
3. Book Assessment (5 pages for BD students, and 8 pages for AD students). This assignment, due no later than February 24th, asks students to select a text (book or several key articles or essays in a book) from an important 20th century theologian NOT covered in our readings and analyze its salient argument(s) or theme(s), identifying and assessing the context for text‘s relevance and intelligibility. The text must be approved by the instructor. Please consult the bibliography for options, though other texts may be selected.
4. Final Research Paper (10-12 pages for BD students, and 18-22 pages for AD students). This paper, due no later than April 13th, should focus on a figure(s), topic or movement germane to the course and investigate, analyze, and appraise its implications for theology in the 20th century. The assignment is both integrative and research oriented; it offers the flexibility to research a topic or issue of interest to the student, while also requiring the student to assess the relevance of the research to some of the materials read/discussed during the semester, drawing their own conclusions in the process.
Paper assignments should be clearly organized, well-documented, critical in scope, substantive in analysis and in assessing materials, careful in formulating evaluative claims, and prudent in applications. Excellent papers will not simply ‗state‘ but ‗show‘ their case, based upon an informed consideration of what is at stake. Excellent papers will demonstrate creative insight and provide reasons for claims, backing up these reasons with solid evidence while also noting the ranges of uncertainty and/or ambiguity in referencing evidence.
Papers should observe Emmanuel College academic regulations and policies, and note the ―Other Qualities Expected of Students‖ in ―The T.S.T. Grading Scale Used at Emmanuel College‖ for criteria for evaluation of assignments (found in 2006-07 edition of Handbook of Information for Basic Degree Students). More information about writing papers can be found at the web site ―Writing at the University of Toronto‖ at www.utoronto.ca/writing/.
Specific Policies
--Email assignments: Emailed assignments will not be accepted except in cases with the prior permission of the instructor --Accessibility and disability policy: Students with diverse learning styles are welcome in this course. If you have a disability/health consideration that may require accommodations, please feel free to approach me and /or the Accessibility Office as soon as possible. It takes time to put disability related accommodations in place. The sooner you meet with a Disability Counselor at Accessibility Services, the quicker s/he can assist you to achieving your learning goals in this course. See the UT web site: http://www.sa.utoronto.ca/details.php?wscid=4.
3 Course Schedule
Week 1 / January 13 Introduction—Thoughts on the 19th Century Theology Background
Week 2 / January 20 Liberal Theology and Radical Historicity—Ernst Troeltsch Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 1 o E. Troeltsch, ―The Place of Christianity among the World‘s Religions,‖ in Christian Thought: Its History and Application Recommended Reading o E. Troeltsch, ―Historical and Dogmatic Method in Theology‖ and ―Faith and History,‖ chs. 1 and 9 in Religion in History, trans. James Luther Adams and Walter F. Bense (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991) o Robert Morgan, ―Troeltsch and Christian Theology,‖ ch. 5 in Writings on Theology and Religion, by Ernst Troeltsch, trans. and ed. by Robert Morgan and Michael Pye (Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1990)
Week 3 / January 27 The Birth of Neo-Orthodoxy (Dialectical Theology)—Karl Barth Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 3, pp. 62-84; and ch. 4, pp. 96-111 o K. Barth, Evangelical Theology, chs. 1-5, 9, 15 Recommended Reading o K. Barth, Evangelical Theology, entire text o K. Barth, The Humanity of God (Louisville: Westminster/John Knox, 1960), pp. 37-68 o Eberhard Busch, Karl Barth: His Life from Letters and Autobiographical Texts (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1976), chs. 2-5
Week 4 / February 3 Worldly and Wordly Theology—Dietrich Bonhoeffer Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 4, pp. 111-128 o D. Bonhoeffer, A Testament to Freedom, chs. 2, 4, 22-24, 27, 29-30, 36, 39, 46, 49, 69 Recommended Reading o D. Bonhoeffer, A Testament to Freedom, chs. 50-52, 62 o D. Bonhoeffer, Ethics (New York: Touchstone, 1995), pt. 1, I-II; pt. 2, IV-V
Week 5 / February 10 Theology in an Existential Key—Paul Tillich Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 5, pp. 133-153 o P. Tillich, The Essential Tillich, chs. 1-4, 8, 11, 14, 16, 19 Recommended Reading o P. Tillich, The Essential Tillich, chs. 5-7, 9-10, 12-13, 17-18, 20, 25, 28 o P. Tillich, Systematic Theology, Vol 1 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973), pp. 3-7, 34-70
4 February 15-19: Reading Week
Week 6 / February 24 Existential De-mythologizing—Rudolph Bultmann Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 5, pp. 153-161 o Roger Johnson, ed., Rudolph Bultmann (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1991), ch 6, ―Jesus Christ and Mythology,‖ pp. 288-328 Recommended Reading o R. Bultmann, ―New Testament and Mythology‖ (pp. 1-44) and ―On the Problem of Demythologizing‖ (pp. 95-130), in New Testament and Theology (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1984). o Roger Johnson, ed., Rudolph Bultmann (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1991), chs. 3 and 5
Week 7 / March 2 A Canadian Context for Theology—20th Century Horizons Required Reading o R. B. Y. Scott, ed., Towards The Christian Revolution, eds., (Chicago, New York: Willett, Clark & Co., 1936) ch. 2, “The Theological Background,” John Line; ch. 3, “The Ethical Foundations,” Gregory Vlastos o John A.T. Robinson, Honest to God, 40th Anniversary ed. (Louisville: Westminster John Knox Press, 2003), chs. 3-4 o Douglas John Hall, Thinking the Faith (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991) chs. 1, 5 Recommended Reading o Richard Allen. The Social Passion: Religion and Social Reform in Canada 1914- 28. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1973. o Douglas John Hall, Thinking the Faith, chs. 2-4 o Oscar L. Arnal, ed., To Set the Captives Free: Liberation Theology in Canada (Toronto: Between The Lines, 1998)
Week 8 / March 9 Political and Liberation Theologies—Jürgen Moltmann & Gustavo Gutierrez Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 9 o J. Moltmann, ―Theology in the Project of Modernity,‖ in God for a Secular Society: The Public Relevance of Theology (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1999), ch. 1 o G. Gutierrez, ―The Task and Content of Liberation Theology,‖ in The Cambridge Companion to Liberation Theology, ed. Christopher Rowland (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), ch. 1, pp. 19-37 Recommended Reading o J. Moltmann, Theology of Hope (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1993), pp.15- 36, 95-106, 202-229, 325-338 o G. Gutierrez, A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics, and Salvation, rev. ed. (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988), chs. 1-2, 10, 13 o Oscar L. Arnal, ed., To Set the Captives Free: Liberation Theology in Canada (Toronto: Between The Lines, 1998) o Rebecca Chopp, The Praxis of Suffering: An Interpretation of Liberation and Political Theologies (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1986), chs. 1-3
5 Week 9 / March 16 Feminist, Womanist, and Mujerista Theologies Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 13, pp. 417-433; ch. 14, pp. 460-466 o Sallie McFague, Models of God (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1987), ch. 3 o Delores S. Williams, ―Womanist Theology: Black Women's Voices,‖ http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=445 o Ada Maria Isasi-Diaz, Mujerista Theology, chs. 3-5 Recommended Reading o Sallie McFague, Models of God, chs. 1-2 o Ada Maria Isasi-Diaz, Mujerista Theology, chs. 1-2 o Mary Grey, ―Feminist Theology: A Critical Theology of Liberation,‖ in The Cambridge Companion to Liberation Theology, ed. Christopher Rowland (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), ch. 4
Week 10 / March 23 Process Theologies—A Relational Model of Cosmos, Humanity, and Faith Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 10 o John Cobb, Jr., ―Process Theology‖ http://www.religion- online.org/showarticle.asp?title=1489 o Marjorie Hewitt Suchocki, God Christ Church: A Practical Guide to Process Theology (New York: Crossroad, 1992), chs. 1-3 Recommended Reading o John B. Cobb, Jr. and David Ray Griffin, Process Theology: An Introductory Exposition (Philalelphia: Westminster Press, 1976), chs. 2-3, 6 o John B. Jobb, Jr., ―Why Faith Needs Process Philosophy,‖ http://www.religion- online.org/showarticle.asp?title=3388 o Lois Gehr Livezey, ―Women, Power, and Politics: Feminist Theology in Process Perspective,‖ http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=2744
Week 11 / March 30 Theologies of Religions—Thinking Christianly in an Interfaith Context Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 15 o John Hick, ―The Non-Absoluteness of Christianity,‖ in The Myth of Christian Uniqueness: Toward a Pluralistic Theology of Religions, eds. John Hick and Paul Knitter (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1987), ch. 2 o Paul Knitter, ―Toward a Liberation Theology of Religions,‖ in The Myth of Christian Uniqueness, ch. 11 o Jurgen Moltmann, ―Is ‗Pluralistic Theology‘ Useful for the World Religions,‖ in Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered, ed. Gavin D‘Costa (Marknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1990), ch. 11 Recommended Reading o The Myth of Christian Uniqueness, chs. 4-5, 9 o Christian Uniqueness Reconsidered, chs. 2, 6, 9-10
6 Week 12 / April 6 Postmodern Theology—Liberal and Postliberal Models Required Reading o Livingston & Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought, ch. 16 o G. Kaufman, God, Mystery, Diversity (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1996), chs. 2, 6 o G. Lindbeck, The Nature of Doctrine: Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1984), ch. 2 o James M. Gustafson, ―Just What is ‗Postliberal‘ Theology,‖ in Christian Century, 116/10 (March 24-31, 1999): pp. 353-355 (online) o William C. Placher, ―Being Postliberal: A Response to James Gustafson,‖ in Christian Century, 116/11 (April 7, 1999): pp. 390-392 (online) Recommended Reading o Gustafson, James M. An Examined Faith: The Grace of Self-Doubt (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 2003), chs. 1-3 o Stanley Hauerwas, The Hauerwas Reader, eds. John Berkman and Michael G. Cartwright (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001)—chs. 8-9, 13
7 Select Bibliography: 20th Century Protestant Theology
Critical Surveys and General Works
Baum, Gregory. ed. The Twentieth Century: A Theological Overview. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1999.
Braaten, Carl E. and Robert W. Jenson, eds. A Map of Twentieth-Century Theology: Readings from Karl Barth to Radical Pluralism. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1995.
Dorrien, Gary. The Making of American Liberal Theology: Idealism, Realism, and Modernity (1900-1950). Louisville and London: Westminster/John Knox Press, 2003.
______. The Making of America Liberal Theology: Crisis, Irony, and Postmodernity (1950- 2005). Louisville and London: Westminster/John Knox Press, 2006.
Ford, David F. ed. The Modern Theologians: An Introduction to Christian Theology in the Twentieth Century. 2 vols. Oxford and New York: Basil Blackwell, 1989.
Grenz, Stanley L. and Roger E. Olson. 20th-Century Theology: God and the World in a Transitional Age. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 1997,
Hauerwas, Stanley. Wilderness Wanderings: Probing Twentieth-Century Theology and Philosophy. Boulder, CO: WestviewPress, 1997.
Heron, Alasdair I.C. A Century of Protestant Theology. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1980.
Livingston, James C. and Francis Schüssler Fiorenza, Modern Christian Thought: Vol. II, The Twentieth Century. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2000.
Macquarrie, John. Twentieth Century Religious Thought. New edition. Harrisburg, PA: Trinity Press International, 2001.
Miller, L. and Stanley, J. Grenz. eds. Fortress Introduction to Contemporary Theologies. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1998.
Murphy, Nancey C. Beyond Liberalism and Fundamentalism: How Modern and Postmodern Philosophy Set the Theological Agenda. Valley Forge, PA: Trinity Press International, 1996.
Smith, David L. A Handbook of Contemporary Theology: Tracing Trends and Discerning Directions in Todays Theological Landscape. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2001.
8 Selected Primary and Secondary
Barth, Karl. Church Dogmatics. Ed. G. W. Bromiley and T. F. Torrance. 4 vols. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1936-69.
______. The Humanity of God. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1974.
______. Dogmatics in Outline. Trans. G. T. Thompson. New York: Philosophical Library, 1949.
______. The Epistle to the Romans. Trans. Edwyn C. Hoskyns. London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1968.
Bonhoeffer, Dietrich. Life Together. New York: HarperOne, 2003.
______. Letters and Papers from Prison. Enlarged 4th ed. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997.
______. The Cost of Discipleship. New York: Somon and Schuster, 1995.
______. Ethics. Trans. Neville Horton Smith. New York: Macmillan, 1955.
Brunner, Emil. Dogmatics. Trans. Olive Wyon. 3 vols. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1950.
______. The Divine Imperative. Trans. Olive Wyon. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1947.
______. Revelation and Reason: The Christian Doctrine of Faith and Knowledge. Trans. Olive Wyon. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1946.
Bultmann, Rudolph Karl. Jesus Christ and Mythology. New York: Scribner, 1958.
______. Jesus and the Word. Trans. Louise Pettibone Smith and Erminie Huntress Lantero. New York: Scribner, 1958.
Chopp, Rebecca, S. The Power to Speak: Feminism, Language, and God. New York: Crossroad, 1989.
______. The Praxis of Suffering: An Interpretation of Liberation and Political Theologies. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1986.
Cone, James H. God of the Oppressed. Rev. ed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1997.
______. A Black Theology of Liberation. 20th Anniversary ed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1990.
9 Christ, Carol P. and Judith Paskow, eds. Womanspirit Rising: A Feminist Reader in Religion. San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1992.
Cobb, John B. and David Ray Griffin. Process Theology: An Introductory Exposition. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1976.
Cone, James H. A Black Theology of Liberation. 20th Anniversary ed. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1990.
Cox, Harvey Gallagher. Religion in the Secular City: Toward a Postmodern Theology. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1984.
______. The Secular City: Secularization and Urbanization in Theological Perspective. Rev. ed. New York: Macmillan, 1966.
Fabella, Virginia, Peter K. H. Lee, and David Kwang-sun Suh, eds. Asian Christian Spirituality: Reclaiming Traditions. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1992.
Farley, Edward. Divine Empathy: A Theology of God. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1996.
______. Good and Evil: Interpreting a Human Condition. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1990.
Frei, Hans. Types of Christian Theology. Ed. George Hunsinger and William C. Placher. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992.
______. The Identity of Jesus Christ: The Hermeneutical Bases of Dogmatic Theology. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1975.
______. The Eclipse of Biblical Narrative: A Study in eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Hermeneutics. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1974.
Stanley Hauerwas, The Hauerwas Reader, eds. John Berkman and Michael G. Cartwright Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001.
Hauerwas, Stanley and L. Gregory Jones, eds. Why Narrative?: Readings in Narrative Theology. Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 1989.
Gutiérrez, Gustavo. A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics, and Salvation. Trans. Caridad Inda and John Eagleson. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988.
Kaufman, Gordon D. God, Mystery, Diversity: Christian Theology in a Pluralistic World. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1996.
______. In Face of Mystery: A Constructive Theology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
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______. An Essay on Theological Method. AAR Studies in Religion, no. 11. Rev. ed. Missoula, MT: Scholars Press, 1979.
Keller, Catherine. From a Broken Web: Separation, Sexism, and Self. Boston: Beacon Press, 1986.
Knitter, Paul. Introducing Theologies of Religions. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 2002.
______. One Earth Many Religions: Multifaith Dialogue and Global Responsibility. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1995.
______. No Other Name? A Critical Survey of Christian Attitudes Toward the World Religions. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1985.
Lakeland, Paul. Postmodernity: Christian Identity in a Fragmented Age. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1997.
Liechty, Daniel. Theology in Postliberal Perspective. London and Philadelphia: SCM Press and Trinity Press International, 1990.
Lindbeck, George A. The Nature of Doctrine Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1984.
McFague, Sallie. The Body of God: An Ecological Theology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.
______. Models of God: Theology for an Ecological Nuclear Age. London: SCM, 1987.
Metz, Johannes Baptist. Faith in History and Society: Toward a Practical Fundamental Theology. New York: Seabury Press, 1980.
Macquarrie, John. Principles of Christian Theology (2nd ed.): New York: Charles Scribner‘s Sons, 1977.
Moltmann, Jürgen. The Spirit of Life: A Universal Affirmation. Trans. Margaret Kohl. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1992.
______. God in Creation: A New Theology of Creation and the Spirit of God. The Gifford Lectures, 1984-85. San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1985.
______. The Crucified God: The Cross of Christ as the Foundation and Criticism of Christian Theology. Trans. R. A. Wilsom and John Bowden. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.
______. Theology of Hope: On the Grounds and the Implications of a Christian Eschatology. Trans. James W. Leitch. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.
11 Niebuhr, H. Richard. Radical Monotheism and Western Culture: With Supplementary Essays. Louisville: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1993.
______. The Meaning of Revelation. New York: Macmillan Company, 1941.
Niebuhr, Reinhold. Moral Man and Immoral Society: A Study of Ethics and Politics. New York: Scribner, 1960.
______. The Nature and Destiny of Man: A Christian Interpretation. 2 vols. Gifford Lectures, 1939. New York: C. Scribner‘s Sons, 1951.
Ogden, Schubert Miles. The Reality of God, and Other Essays. New York: Harper & Row, 1966.
Pannenberg, Wolfhart. Systematic Theology. Trans. Geoffrey W. Bromiley. 3 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 1991-1994.
______. Metaphysics and the Idea of God. Trans. Philip Clayton. Grand Rapids, MI: W. B. Eerdmans, 1990.
______. Basic Questions in Theology: Collected Essays. Trans. George H. Kehm. 2 vols. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1970.
Pieris, Aloysius. An Asian Theology of Liberation. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988.
______. Love Meets Wisdom: A Christian Experience of Buddhism. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1988.
Robinson, John A. T. Honest to God. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1963.
Rupp, George. Culture-Protestantism: German Liberal Theology at the Turn of the Twentieth Century. Missoula, MO: Scholars Press, 1977.
Russell, Letty M. Household of Freedom: Authority in Feminist Theology. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1987.
Suchocki, Marjorie Hewitt. The Fall to Violence: Original Sin in Relational Theology. New York: Continuum, 1994.
______. God, Christ, Church: A Practical Guide to Process Theology. New rev. ed. New York: Crossroad, 1989.
Tillich, Paul. Systematic Theology. 3 vols. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1951-63.
______. Dynamics of Faith. New York: HarperPerennial, 2001.
12 ______. The Courage to Be. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000.
______. Christianity and the Encounter of the World Religions. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.
______. Theology of Culture. New York: Oxford University Press, 1959.
______. Biblical Religion and the Search for Ultimate Reality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1955.
______. The Protestant Era. Trans. James Luther Adams. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1948.
Troeltsch, Ernst. The Absoluteness of Christianity and the History of Religions. Trans. David Reid. London: SCM Press, 1972.
______. The Christian Faith: Based on Lectures Delivered at the University of Heidelberg in 1912 and 1913. Trans. Garrett E. Paul. Ed. Gertrud von le Fort. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1991.
______. Christian Thought: Its History and Application. Ed Baron von Hügel. New York: Meridian Books, 1957.
______. The Social Teaching of the Christian Churches. Trans. Olive Wyon. 2 vols. New York: The Macmillan Compnay, 1931.
Vanhoozer, Kevin J. ed. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodern Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003.
Ward, Graham. ed. The Blackwell Companion to Postmodern Theology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005.
Welch, Sharon D. A Feminist Ethic of Risk. Rev. ed. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress, 1990.
______. Communities of Resistance and Solidarity: A Feminist Theology of Liberation. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1985.
Williams, Delores S. Sisters in the Wilderness: The Challenge of Womanist God-Talk. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1993.
Yasukata, Toshimasa. Ernst Troeltsch: Systematic Theologian of Radical Historicity. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1986.
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