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The Film Industry in the Russian Federation

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The Film Industry in the Russian Federation THE FILM INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION A report for the European Audiovisual Observatory by Nevafilm with contributions from RFilms, Groteck September 2010 The Film Industry in the Russian Federation Research by Nevafilm, with the collaboration of RFilms (Invest Collegium) for the European Audiovisual Observatory. Director of Publication: Wolfgang Closs, Executive Director of the European Audiovisual Observatory Supervising Editor: André Lange (European Audiovisual Observatory) Study carried out by: Oleg Berezin, Xenia Leontyeva, Svetlana Mudrova, Eleonora Kolyenen-Ivanova (Nevafilm Research); Konstantin Nafikov, Anastasia Tchudakova, Anastasia Bitkova, Tatiana Beliaeva (RFilms); Aleksander Vlasov, Anna Zavarzina, Daria Minakova (Groteck); with the participation of Alexei Sokhnev (Ministry of Culture, RF) Chief Editor: Xenia Leontyeva (Nevafilm Research) Translation, editing and proofreading of the English text: Eclectic Translations, [email protected] Publisher: European Audiovisual Observatory 76 Allee de la Robertsau – F – 67000 Strasbourg, France Tel.: +33(0)3 90 21 60 00, Fax: +33(0)3 90 21 60 19 E-mail: [email protected] URL: http://www.obs.coe.int Research Companies: Nevafilm 33-2B Korablestroiteley Street, St. Petersburg, 199397, Russia Phone: +7 812 449 70 70, Fax: +7 812 352 69 69 “Tsvetnoy, 30” Business Center, office 307, bld.1 30, Tsvetnoy Boulevard, 127051, Moscow, Russian Federation Phone / Fax: +7 495 694 2615 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.nevafilm.ru http://www.digitalcinema.ru RFilms (Invest Collegium) Kalashny pereulok 14, Moscow, 125009, Russia Phone / Fax: +7 495 690 37 06 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.rfilms.org Groteck 30 3-ya Magistralnaya st., Moscow, 123007. Russia Phone / Fax: +7 495 609-32-31 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.groteck.ru The analyses presented in these articles are the authors’ own opinions and cannot in any way be considered as representing the point of view of the European Audiovisual Observatory, its members or of the Council of Europe. Data compiled by external sources are quoted for the purpose of information. The authors of this report are unable to verify either their means of compilation or their pertinence. © European Audiovisual Observatory, September 2010. 2 STUDY OF THE FILM INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION CONTENT Chapter 1 THE FILM INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA: INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK.... 5 1.1 An overview of state policy governing the film industry in Russia ......................................... 7 1.1.1. The activities of federal authorities in the film industry ......................................... 7 1.1.2 The activities of regional and local authorities in the film industry...................... 11 1.1.3 Overview of the regulatory acts governing the film industry ............................... 12 1.1.4 Analysis of the system of state support for cinema ............................................ 14 1.2 The system of professional film education in Russia........................................................... 20 1.3 Activities of state-owned cinema organisations ................................................................... 21 1.4 State support for international cooperation and co-production............................................ 24 1.5 Activities of Russian civil organisations in cinematography................................................. 25 Chapter 2 FILM INDUSTRY: AN OVERVIEW........................................................ 31 Chapter 3 DESCRIPTION AND ANALYSIS OF THE VARIOUS BRANCHES OF THE RUSSIAN FILM INDUSTRY .................................................... 43 3.1 Film and television production in Russia: producers and production companies ................ 45 3.1.1 Branch structure.................................................................................................. 45 3.1.2 Key players in film and TV production ................................................................ 61 3.1.3 Investment in film production .............................................................................. 68 3.2 Production facilities: studios, equipment rental and post-production services .................... 72 3.2.1 Industry structure ................................................................................................ 72 3.2.2 Principal players on the film production services market.................................... 83 3.2.3 Principal market trends and prospects for film production services in Russia.... 84 3.3 Exhibition.............................................................................................................................. 88 3.3.1 Industry structure ................................................................................................ 88 3.3.2 Principal trends and development prospects...................................................... 98 3.3.3 Principal players................................................................................................ 100 3.4 Theatrical distribution ......................................................................................................... 102 3.4.1 Industry structure .............................................................................................. 102 3.4.2 Principal trends and development prospects.................................................... 116 3.4.3 Principal players................................................................................................ 122 3.4.4. Distribution of Russian Films Abroad................................................................ 127 3.5 DVD Distribution................................................................................................................. 129 3.5.1 Industry structure .............................................................................................. 129 3.5.2 Principal trends ................................................................................................. 140 3.5.3 Principal players................................................................................................ 143 3.6 Video on demand services in Russia................................................................................. 146 3.6.1 Structure of the VoD market.............................................................................. 146 3.6.2 Technological state of infrastructure for development of the VoD market........ 149 3.6.3 Assessment of VoD market volume.................................................................. 151 3.6.4 Primary video-on-demand services in Russia................................................... 157 3.6.5 Estimation of the level of Internet piracy in Russia ........................................... 158 3.6.6 Conclusions regarding the current state of the VoD market in Russia ............. 163 3.6.7 Trends and predictions...................................................................................... 164 List of tables .......................................................................................................... 168 List of graphs......................................................................................................... 170 Research companies............................................................................................. 173 STUDY OF THE FILM INDUSTRY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 3 Chapter 1 THE FILM INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA: INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK1 1 This chapter is prepared by RFilms, with contributions from the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. 1.1 AN OVERVIEW OF STATE POLICY GOVERNING THE FILM INDUSTRY IN RUSSIA 1.1.1. The activities of federal authorities in the film industry At the federal level, regulation of cinema in the Russian Federation is a function of the Ministry of Culture. Its structure includes a Department of Cinema, which consists of five units.2 As an executive authority, the Ministry of Culture supports the production and distribution of National Films in the Russian Federation and organises various events, such as film festivals within Russia and Russian film weeks in other countries. It also provides support for the representation of the Russian film industry at international film festivals and film fairs (through Russian films taking part in major international film festivals, stands and pavilions for Russian films at film fairs, etc.), an international forum for film co-production in Russia, special conferences, and roundtable discussions. In addition, the Ministry of Culture:3 - issues distribution certificates for film products released for distribution across Russia (including cinema, DVD and video distribution, and TV broadcasting in every format4); - issues National Film certificates [for films where at least half of the actors are Russian citizens5]; - maintains the Central State Registry of Cinema and Video Films;6 - administers state subsidy programmes, including support for the production and distribution of National Films. As part of its restructuring in 2008, the Ministry of Culture was merged with the Federal Agency for Culture and Cinema (which was initially formed in 2004 during reforms to the structure of the Russian Government7). Thus the functions of developing and implementing state policies for cinema were once again united under a single umbrella executive authority. The controlling and supervising functions exercised by the Federal Supervisory Service in Legislation on Protection of Cultural Heritage have, however, remained under a separate structure.
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