October, biennial and not productive, low Northeastern vigor, scab tolerant. Kingston Black – Late bloom, ripens late October, biennial and not very productive, U.S. cider vigorous. Porters Perfection – Late bloom, ripens late for dessert or cider, high sugar and acidity. October, annual and productive, trees heavily Northern Spy – Mid bloom, ripens late varieties spurred but sprawling, fused double fruit, hangs October, biennial tendency, prone to well while ripening, scab tolerant, cold hardy. preharvest drop, bitter pit and scab, dense BITTERSWEETS flesh, good storage quality, excellent for dessert In approximate order by or ciders. ripening date in upstate New York Baldwin – Mid bloom, ripens late October, Ellis Bitter – Midseason bloom, ripens early biennial but productive, high sugar content, September, annual and productive, vigorous, aromatic, good storage quality, excellent for short storage potential, should be pressed soon dessert or ciders when fully ripe. after harvest. Geneva Red (Redfield) – Early bloom, ripens Breakwell’s Seedling – Mid bloom, ripens mid-October, annual and productive, medium early September, scab tolerant, annual, produc- size apple with pink flesh, high acidity with soft tive. tannins, mostly used for preserves or ciders. White Jersey – Mid bloom, ripens early Rhode Island Greening – Early bloom, ripens September, productive but biennial, low vigor, COURTESY OF NEW YORK STATE FRUIT QUARTERLY late October, annual and productive, large fruit precocious, short storage only, press soon after Golden Russets. excellent for cooking and as a sharp for cider harvest. blends. Hereford Redstreak – Late bloom, ripens AMERICAN & EUROPEAN Newtown (Albemarle) Pippin – Early bloom, mid-September, productive and annual, low HEIRLOOM VARIETIES ripens late October, annual and productive, vig- vigor, short storage, press soon after harvest. Dual-purpose sharps orous tree, fruit store well, excellent for dessert Somerset Redstreak – Mid bloom, ripens late Bramley’s Seedling – Early bloom, ripens and as an aromatic sharp in ciders. September, productive but biennial, vigorous. mid-September, annual and productive, scab Stembridge Jersey – Mid bloom, ripens late resistant, triploid, MODERN SCAB-RESISTANT September, biennial, scab tolerant, vigorous. nonbrowning, trees moderate vigor, APPLE VARIETIES fruit for cooking or cider. Geneva Tremlett’s Bitter – Mid bloom, Mostly dual-purpose sharps St. Edmund’s Pippin – Early bloom, ripens ripens mid September, biennial but productive, Pristine – Mid bloom, ripens late August, mid-September, tip-bearing, droopy low vigor low vigor spur-bearing type, Geneva strain not annual and productive if thinned hard, pre- tree, an early ripening russet, excellent dessert same as English Tremletts, but excellent for harvest drop, an early dessert apple that can or cider, short storage potential. cider. provide useful acidity in blends with the early Harry Master’s Jersey – Mid bloom, ripens Egremont Russet – Early bloom, ripens late Bittersweets. September, annual and productive, moderate late September, productive and annual, low- Sansa – Early bloom, ripens early September, vigor, scab tolerant, rich flavor good for dessert vigor tree adapts well to central axe form. annual and moderately productive, scab or cider. Coat Jersey – Mid bloom, ripens mid- resistant, midsize fruit hangs well on tree, good October, biennial and scab susceptible, Cox Orange Pippin – Early bloom, ripens late for dessert, little acidity but adds floral aromas vigorous. September, annual and productive, prone to in cider. heat stress, scab and powdery mildew, popular Liberty – Early bloom, ripens late September, Dabinett – Late bloom, ripens mid- dessert apple, adds rich aromas to ciders. October, annual, low vigor, some winter dam- good disease resistance, annual and productive, age in New York. Zabergau Reinette – Mid bloom, ripens late aromatic sharp, short storage potential, dessert September, annual and productive, large russet and cider blends. Fillbarrel – Early bloom, ripens mid- October, triploid apple, good for dessert or ciders, short Crimson Crisp – Mid bloom, ripens mid-Oc- biennial and not productive, vigorous, blind storage and heavy drop if allowed to tree ripen. wood. tober, annual and productive, self-thinning, Margil (Reinette Musquee) – Early bloom, prone to fire blight, tip bearing with droopy Brown Snout – Late bloom, ripens mid- ripens early October, annual and productive, habit, dessert and ciders. October, biennial but productive, moderate small russet fruit with intense flavor, scab toler- Sundance – Mid bloom, ripens late October, vigor. ant, moderate vigor. similar to GoldRush, annual and productive, Yarlington Mill – Mid bloom, ripens mid-Oc- Ashmeads Kernal – Early bloom, ripens fruit hangs and keeps well, good dessert apple tober, biennial but productive, scab susceptible. mid-October, annual and productive, lightly that adds spice and acidity to cider. russetted fruit triploid, excellent for dessert or Chisel Jersey – Late bloom, ripens mid- Enterprise – Mid bloom, ripens late October, cider, very aromatic. October, biennial but productive, susceptible to annual and productive on dwarf rootstocks, fire blight. Calville Blanc – Early to mid bloom, large sub-acid fruit hangs well, long storage Binet Rouge – Late bloom, ripens late ripens mid-October, annual and productive, potential, good for dessert and cider blends. nonbrowning flesh excellent for cooking October, biennial but very productive in the GoldRush – Mid bloom, ripens early (pastries), excellent sharp for ciders, very scab “on” year. November, annual and very productive when susceptible. Bedan des Partes – Late bloom, ripens late thinned aggressively, good disease resistance, October, biennial but productive, susceptible to Roxbury Russet – Early bloom, ripens moderate vigor, natural central axe form, fire blight. mid-October, annual and productive, oldest nonbrowning flesh and juice, very long storage named American variety, lightly russetted hard potential, excellent dessert and base cider apples keep well, good for dessert or ciders. variety. BITTERSHARPS Suitable for single variety ciders if desired Golden Russet – Early bloom, ripens late LIST ASSEMBLED FROM DATA AUTHORED BY IAN MERWIN October, annual and productive, tip bearing, AND PUBLISHED IN THE NEW YORK STATE FRUIT QUARTERLY. Stoke’s Red – Late bloom, ripens late vigorous tree, heavily russetted fruit excellent

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