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Ética Y Muerte Digna: Historia De Una Ética y Muerte Digna Historia de una Ley Ethics and Death with Dignity History of a Law Ética y Muerte Digna HISTORIA DE UNA LEY Ethics and Death with Dignity THE STORY OF A LEGAL PROCESS EL PROCESO DE REGULACIÓN JURÍDICA DE LA ATENCIÓN SANITARIA AL FINAL DE LA VIDA EN ANDALUCÍA (ESPAÑA) CREATING A LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR END-OF LIFE HEALTHCARE IN ANDALUSIA (SPAIN) Sevilla, 2012 ÉTICA y muerte digna, historia de una ley = Ethics and death with dignity, the story of a legal process : El proceso de regulación jurídica de la atención sanitaria al final de la vida en Andalucía (España) = Creating a legal framework for end-of life healthcare in Andalusia (Spain) / coordinación, Pablo Simón Lorda ; autores, Pablo Simón Lorda ... [et al.]. – Sevilla : Consejería de Salud, 2012 177 p. : il. col. ; 20 cm Texto paralelo en castellano e inglés. -- Contiene la Ley 2/2010, de 8 de abril, de derechos y garantías de la dignidad de la persona en el proceso de la muerte 1. Andalucía. Ley de derechos y garantías de la dignidad de la persona en el proceso de la muerte, 2010 2. Derecho a morir-Legislación y jurisprudencia 3. Bioética 4. Legislación sanitaria-Andalucía I. Simón Lorda, Pablo II. Andalucía. Consejería de Salud W 85.5 Ética y muerte Digna HISTORIA DE UNA LEY Ethics and Death with Dignity HISTORY OF A LAW EL PROCESO DE REGULACIÓN JURÍDICA DE LA ATENCIÓN SANITARIA AL FINAL DE LA VIDA EN ANDALUCÍA (ESPAÑA) CREATING A LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR END-OF LIFE HEALTHCARE IN ANDALUSIA (SPAIN) Coordinación/ Coordination: Pablo Simón Lorda Autores/Authors: Pablo Simón Lorda. Natalia Puente Serrano. Rafael Carretero Guerra. Francisco Oliva Blázquez. Francisco Javier García León. Rafael Cía Ramos. Concepción Padilla Marín. Cecilia Gómez-Salvago Sánchez Este proyecto ha sido financiado a cargo de los fondos para las estrategias 2011 del Ministerio Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad que fueron aprobados en el CISNS de fecha 2 de junio de 2011, como apoyo a la implementación a la Estrategia de Cuidados Paliativos. Edita/Edited by: Junta de Andalucía. Consejería de Salud Depósito legal/Legal Deposit: SE-712-2012 Impresión: Coria Gráfica, S.L. Producción y Diseño Gráfico: Production and Graphical Design: ÍNDICE / SUMMARY HISTORIA DE UNA LEY / THE HISTORY OF A LEGAL PROCESS............................................................................................................................................................................................. Los Antecedentes / Background ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Los Retos / The Challenges ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. El Proceso / The Process ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Las Críticas / Criticism of the Law ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... El Resultado / The Result ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... El Futuro / The Future ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ LEY 2/2010, DE 8 DE ABRIL, DE DERECHOS Y GARANTÍAS DE LA DIGNIDAD DE LA PERSONA EN EL PROCESO DE LA muerte / LAW 2/2010, DATED 8TH APRIL, ON PERSONAL RIGHTS AND GUARANTEES TO DIE IN DIGNITY .................................................................................................................................... BIBLIOGRAFÍA / BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6 HISTORIA DE UNA LEY / THE HISTORY OF A LEGAL PROCESS............................................................................................................................................................................................. pág 9 Los Antecedentes / Background ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................pág 13 Los Retos / The Challenges ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. pág 33 El Proceso / The Process ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... pág 43 Las Críticas / Criticism of the Law ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... pág 65 El Resultado / The Result ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... pág 85 El Futuro / The Future ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ pág 107 LEY 2/2010, DE 8 DE ABRIL, DE DERECHOS Y GARANTÍAS DE LA DIGNIDAD DE LA PERSONA EN EL PROCESO DE LA muerte / LAW 2/2010, DATED 8TH APRIL, ON PERSONAL RIGHTS AND GUARANTEES TO DIE IN DIGNITY .................................................................................................................................... pág 111 BIBLIOGRAFÍA / BIBLIOGRAPHY............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. pág 171 7 HISTORIA DE UNA LEY THE STORY OF A LEGAL PROCESS 10 a atención sanitaria al final de nd-of-life healthcare in any part of Lla vida en cualquier lugar del mundo está theE world is always rife with ethical conflicts siempre atravesada por multitud de conflic- and legal challenges. In this matter, the opi- tos éticos y jurídicos. En este terreno, las opi- nions and preferences of patients, family niones y preferencias de los pacientes, sus members, healthcare professionals, society familias, los profesionales sanitarios, la socie- as a whole and politicians may differ or di- dad en general o la clase política pueden verge entirely1. Nevertheless, death comes ser muy diferentes, incluso totalmente di- to all eventually; it is part of human life itself. vergentes 1. Sin embargo, la muerte es una The fact remains that we will all die. There- realidad humana que a todos alcanza, es fore, it is natural for all societies to seek the una parte más de la misma vida humana. necessary consensus for guaranteeing that Lo cierto es que todos habremos de morir. individuals can live, and die, in a way befit- Por tanto parece necesario que las socieda- ting their nature, i.e., humanely and with full des busquen los consensos necesarios para dignity. This article tells the story of how the garantizar que las personas vivan y, por tan- citizens of Andalusia, in the south of Spain, to, mueran como les corresponde, con hu- reached this majority consensus during the manidad, con plena dignidad. Este artículo process of drafting and approving a law cuenta la historia de la forma en que la so- regulating this issue: Law 2/2010, of 8 April, ciedad andaluza, en la parte sur de España, on personal rights and guarantees to die in logró dicho consenso mayoritario durante el dignity 2. proceso de elaboración y aprobación de una Ley sobre esta materia: la Ley 2/2010, de 8 de Abril, de derechos y garantías de la dignidad de las personas en el proceso de la muerte 2. 11 1. LOS ANTECEDENTES BACKGROUND 14 15 A unque es cierto que el debate hile the issue of how best to care sobre la forma adecuada de atender a los Wfor patients during their end-of-life process is pacientes que están en el proceso final de as old as medical science itself, the current su vida es tan antiguo como la Medicina mis- debate started to take shape, in Western so- ma, no lo es menos que la forma actual del ciety at least, in
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