Atari Program-Text Editor™

Home , Cu (Unix utility), Df (Unix), Du (Unix), Factor (Unix), Su (Unix), Wall (Unix)

. •" ATARI PROGRAM-TEXT EDITOR™

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JI\. ATARI® Cl A Warner Communications Company

Every effort has been made to ensure that this manual accurately documents this product of the ATARI Computer Division. However, because of the ongoing improvement and update of the computer software and hardware, ATARI, INC. cannot guarantee the accuracy of printed material after the date of publication and cannot accept responsibility for errors or omissions.

Reproduction is forbidden without the specific written permission of ATARI, INC., Sunnyvale, CA No right to reproduce this docu ment, nor the subject matter thereof, is granted unless by written agreement with, or written permission94086. from the Corporation.

PRINTED IN U.S.A. MANUAL AND PROGRAM CONTENTS© ATARI, INC. 1981 • PREFACE

Your Program-Text Editor is a versatile tool. You can use it to edit source programs written in various programming languages. The addition of a printer and a pertinent software package to your system will make the editor an effective word processor.

Introductory sections of this manual supply simple instructions for diskette opera tions as well as rudimentary editing functions. Advanced and specialized editing techniques are treated factually. The error messages displayed on the back cover and the enclosed reference card provide quick and easy fingertip access to infor mation.

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Preface v • CONTENTS

PREFACE v 1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS 1

Setup Procedures 1 Turning On the System 1 Turning Off the System 2

2 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR THE EDITOR 3

Theory of Operation 6 Starting the Edit Session 8 Familiarity With the Keyboard 9

Command Mode Operation 16 Exiting the Editor 17 -· Cursor Movement Commands 18 Search Commands 19 Block Commands 21 Inserting and Deleting Commands 23 Specialized Commands 25 Large File Commands 26

3 CUSTOMIZING THE EDITOR 31

A-D-Parameters 32 E-Set Tab Stops 32 F-Set Maximum Line Length 33 G-Set Minimum Growth 33 H-Set Default Margins 33 I-Set Color of Screen 33 J-Set Miscellaneous Flags 34 A-Return to Main Menu 34 B -Set Type of Tab 34 C-Set Tab Display Method 35 D-Set Carriage Return Display 35 E -Auto-Indention Feature 35 F -Set Shifting Caselock 35 •

Contents vii ILLUSTRATIONS •

1 DOS 11 Menu 3 2 Filename Prompt 4 3 Normal Exit From the Editor 7 4 Abort Exit From the Editor 7 5 Illustration of Expanding Tabs 8 6 Answering the Filename Prompt 8 7 Windows 9 8 Example of Entered Text 10 9 Escape Sequence Characters 13 10 Extension Group Prompt 31 11 Customizing File Menu 32 12 Customizing File Submenu J 34

TABLES

1 Immediate Mode Reserved Keystrokes 27 2 Command Mode Instructions 28 3 The ATARI Colors and Numbers 33

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viii Contents 1 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

The ATARI® Program-Text Editor™ (Model No . CX8121) requires:

• ATARI 810™ Disk Drive • ATARI Blank Diskette (CX8100)

For information on your disk drive, refer to the ATARI 810 Disk Drive Operators Manual. Check the drive code setting to make certain that you have a disk drive designated as Drive 1. Because the Disk Operating System (DOS) II programs are included on the diskette containing the Program-Text Editor, you can easily load the editor software by inserting your diskette in Drive 1. Otherwise, you must have a copy of the DOS II Master Diskette, Model No. CX8101, inserted into Drive 1.

You must have at least 24K RAM in your ATARI Home Computer to operate the disk drive and the editor software. Although the software requires 24K memory, a total memory capacity of 32K is highly recommended and will result in increased program efficiency. For instructions on inserting additional ATARI RAM Memory Modules™ into the ATARI 800™ Computer, refer to the ATARI 800 Operators • Manual.

SETUP 1. Verify that all power switches (console and disk drive) are turned to OFF. PROCEDURES 2. Check that the computer console is properly connected to the television set and a standard w:.11 outlet.

3. Place the disk drive at least 12 inches away from your television set and plug it into a standard wall outlet.

4. Connect the disk drive to either the computer console or another ATARI peripheral. Plug one end of the 1/0 Data Cord into the jack labeled 1/0 CON NECTORS on the back of the disk drive. Plug the other end into either the jack labeled PERI PHERA L on the computer console or one of the 1/0 CON NEC TOR ports of another ATARI peripheral. If you connect your disk drive to another ATARI peripheral, verify that there is an 1/0 Data Cord plugged into the computer console.

TURNING ON When you are ready to use the computer, proceed as follows: THE SYSTEM 1. Turn on the television set. Tune to Channel 2 or Channel 3, whichever has a weaker signal in your area. Make certain that the 2-C HAN.-3 switch on the computer console corresponds to your channel selection .

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System Requirements 1 •.

2. Turn on the disk drive. Notice that the BUSY and PWR ON light indicators are activated. Wait until the motor of the disk drive stops its activity and the BUSY light goes out before continuing to the next step.

3. Insert the diskette containing the Program-Text Editor into the disk drive designated as Drive 1. Note: DO NOT TOUCH THE EX POSED PORTION OF THE DISKETIE.

4. Turn the computer console power switch to ON. This will activate the disk drive's loading procedure.

Note: OPTIONAL. To increase the RAM buffer size on a 48K system, before turning on your computer, remove any language cartridge that might be installed.

Take note of the following conditions to determine if you have successfully com pleted the power-on procedure. If you have a language cartridge inserted into the computer console, the screen displays the prompt applicable to that particular language. For example, the ATAR I BASIC language prompt is the READY message; the ASSEMB LER EDITOR language prompt is the ED IT message. Otherwise, the DOS Menu should appear immediately upon the screen.

TURNING OFF Warning: NEVER turn off the disk drive with a diskette in it. You may damage the THE SYSTEM information contained on the diskette and lose the ability to load your program. • When you are ready to end your editing session:

Use the exit command appropriate for your editing session. 1. 2. Wait for the DOS II Menu display or the filename prompt to appear on the screen.

3. Remove the diskette from the disk drive and return it to the protective sleeve that was provided with the software.

4. You may turn off the television set, the computer, or the disk drive in any order.

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System Requirements 2 2

OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES FOR THE EDITOR

You must load the editor through the DOS Menu. If the DOS Menu is not already displayed on your screen, type DOS and press lj!§il@I. Refer to Figure 1. (The DOS II Reference Manual contains complete instructions for using the DOS II Menu op tions.)

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Figure 1 DOS II Menu

Because the editor program is included on a diskette that has been factory write protected for software safety, you must prepare a diskette for your text files. For identification purposes, we refer to this diskette as a "data" diskette. With the DOS Menu displayed on the screen, remove the diskette containing the Program-Text Editor software. Refer to the DOS II Reference Manual. Format a blank diskette, then write new DOS files to it. Remove this diskette and reinsert the editor program diskette.

Select the L-BINARY LOAD command. Answer the prompt, LOAD FROM WHAT FI LE, with the name of the Program-Text Editor software, MEDIT. The program will automatically run after being loaded. Refer to Figure 2. Insert your data diskette in to the disk drive at this time.

Caution: You may not change your data diskette once the editing session is started. Because the editor has built-in memory checks and free space allocation computa tions, a memory map of the diskette inserted at the time the editor performs its check is always retained. Therefore, even though the editor's workspace resides in RAM, the block-write command can result in an overwrite situation on any but the original diske�te . •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 3 •

Note: Because the editor performs a free IOCB (Input/Output Control Block) check , you may receive the error message EDITOR CANNOT RUN - NO FREE IOCBs. PRESS &ml to return to DOS. Refer to the A TARI Operating System Manual (part number COl 6555) for complete information on IOCBs and to the er ror messages on the back cover for an explanation of this condition.

Figure Filename Prompt 2 Your Program-Text Editor is now ready to bring the file that you wish to edit into its • workspace. At this point, there are several options available:

• Press the key to end the edit session and return control to DOS.

• Enter the filename of the program that you wish to edit.

• Create a new file under the editor by naming a file that does not exist. The editor will automatically create an empty file using the specified name.

The correct syntax for an acceptable filename is in the form: Dn:filename.extension,optional parameters separated by commas.

Example: D4:MYFI LE.MAC,3,.ASM, D

The drive number n designation corresponds to the disk drive that contains your source program and must be between the numeric characters of one and eight. You may use a filename of from one to eight characters, either alpha characters A through Z or numeric characters 0 through 9.

Note: For a filename specification, an alpha character must be in the first character position. This rule does not apply to filename extensions.

Your optional extension may be from one to three characters long, using either alpha or numeric. characters. •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 4 Remember the following specifications when answering the filename prompt.

• If no device is specified, the editor automatically assumes the use of the disk drive designated as Drive 1.

• Lowercase file specifications automatically convert to the correct uppercase syntax.

• If the file, its associated backup file, or its temporary file is locked (see the "Theory of Operation" section for further explanation) , the editor displays the error message FILE LOCKED and reissues the filename prompt. Unlock any of these files through use of the DOS Menu. Refer to the ATARI DOS II Reference Manual .

Optional parameters may be entered in any order after the file specification:

OVERRIDE DESTINATION DRIVE. Unless otherwise specified, the default destination,n drive is the one on which the source file is located. You may move the destination file from the default drive by using this parameter. The value n is a numeric digit corresponding to the number of the destination disk drive. • Example: MYFILE ,2 When you have more than one disk drive, use this optional parameter to edit large files or' 1hen there is not enough free space on the source diskette to allow you to save the edited file.

,D DELETE BACKUP FILE FLAG. If a backup file exists, this parameter tells the editor to erase it before beginning the editing session. Use of this parameter allocates free space at the cost of backup file protection.

Example: MYFILE , D

Note: If the source and destination drive are not the same, the editor automatically deletes a file with the same name on the destination drive.

,.ext OVERRIDE CUSTOMIZING FILE. Use of this parameter causes the editor to use the customizing file associated with the designated extension file. Unless this parameter is assigned , the editor defaults to use of the extension associated with the file specification being edited.

Example: MYFILE,. PAS MYFILE,.ASM MYFILE ,.BAS •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 5 Following are additional examples of valid filename prompt responses.

MYFI LE MYFI LE . PAS D3:MYFI LE D3:MYFI LE,2 MYFI LE . PAS,D,4 D2:MYFI LE,. PAS, D,3 MYFI LE,.ASM d2: myfile,.pas,d,3 D4:MYFILE. BAS,3,. PAS,D

After receiving the filename specification, your Program-Text Editor checks the free space on the destination diskette and makes a comparison with the size of the file to edit. A minimum growth factor, considering the expansion of file storage capaci ty requirements because of additions or modifications, of g units is ascertained. (See the "Customizing the Editor" section.) If there is not enough room on the diskette for the edit file and the growth factor, the editor displays a warning message. You may choose to ignore the warning and continue with the editing ses sion. Or you may abort the edit, exit from the editor, and return to the DOS Menu. If the editor determines that there is enough room on the diskette for the edit file and growth factor, the edit session begins.

Caution: If you ignore the warning message, be sure that you have as much free space as the size of your existing file plus room for any additions you will make dur • ing the editing session. If your calculations are not correct and you run out of free space on the diskette, you may lose all work completed in the current editing ses sion.

Note: A minimum growth factor of g units is determined from the customizing file. If default factors are used, the minimum growth factor is 100 sectors of free space.

THEORY OF For efficiency and optimum protection, the Program-Text Editor uses a common OPERATION two-file editing method. During the editing session, the original file remains intact while all modifications are made to a copy of the file. Therefore, this procedure allows for:

• Automatic backup copies of files to be edited

• Modification of the original file only after the editing session is terminated with a normal exit from the editor

• Use of sequential file access

A procedural outline of the two-file method is:

• Text is copied from the file to be edited into a memory buffer.

• When the buffer becomes full, data transfers to a temporary file. •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 6 Normal exit (Figure 3) from the editor causes the following sequence:

• The .BAK file is deleted.

• The edited file is renamed as the new .BAK file.

• The temporary file is renamed as the edited file.

BEFORE FILE FILE. TMP EXIT I l AFTER FILE . BAK FILE EXIT

Figure 3 Normal Exit From the Editor

An abort exit (Figure 4) from the editor causes the following sequence: • • The temporary file is deleted. • The original edited file and the .BAK file retain their integrity.

BEFORE FILE. BAK FILE EXIT I l

AFTER FILE. BAK FILE EXIT

Figure Abort Exit From the Editor 4

Your Program-Text Editor uses two modes of operation: immediate and command. Immediate mode operation is keyboard interactive. Command mode operation defers to a later time execution. All three windows and both operation modes are discussed at length in subsequent sections of this manual.

The Program-Text Editor is defined as a source file editor. A source file is a disk file consisting of ATASCll characters terminated by ATASCll EO Ls (End-of- Line). Therefore, the editor functions with files containing the source code written for ATARI Computer programming languages. A line length default value of columns can "be changed to a maximum length of 200 columns by using 114the • customizing file feature (see section titled "Customizing the Editor") .

Operational Procedures for the Editor 7 Two types of tabs are allowed: (1) regular tabulation as provided by the operating system in which blanks are substituted between tab stops or (2) expanding tabs. Ex panding tabs only take one character in the file but are displayed as many columns of blanks . Set the type of tab by using the customizing file.

LINE OF TEMT-35 CHARACTERS LINE OF TEMT LINE OF TEMT

character displacement = bytes of memory using5 default value of inserting5 blanks like the operating system 5,

LINE OF TEMT-35 CHARACTERS ._ .... LINE OF TEMT ._ .... LINE OF TEMT

character displacement = 1 byte of memory using5 expanding tabs

Figure Illustration of Expanding Tabs 5 • If you attempt to edit a file that does not meet source file definitions and customiz ing column limits, the editor truncates the lines in the file to conform to the set line length limits. Given this situation, the editor generates the LINE TOO LONG error message while reading the file either during initial entry to the editor or as an input command.

STARTING THE Answer the filename prompt . For the purposes of demonstration, enter the EDIT SESSION filename PRACTICE. Refer to Figure 6.

• Figure Answering the Filename Prompt 6

Operational Procedures for the Editor 8 •

Notice the three windows displayed on the screen:

TEXT WINDOW Appears at the top of the screen and consists of 20 lines.

ERROR WINDOW Appears in inverse video and consists of a single line.

COMMAND WINDOW Appears at the bottom of the screen and consists of three lines .

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Figure Windows 7

FAMILIARITY A summary of the immediate keystroke commands appears at the end of this WITH section. THE KEYBOARD llBllRllllllBllHllllll&lll • 111111111111aamama-a• • maama11maaaaa1111 • **aaaaaamaaaa••

From the keyboard shown above, locate the following specific keys: . Note that there are keys indicating directional arrows as as arithmetic operators. Some keys serve a dual purpose, for example, the : . As the operation of the key on the computer keyboard is the • same as the shift key of a typewriter, its use will select the function that appears on the top of the key.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 9 Enter the following text onto your screen:

AN D HERE WE SEE THE INVISIBLE BOY IN HIS LOVELY INVISIBLE HOUSE, FEEDING A PIECE OF INVISI BLE CHEESE TO HIS LITTLE INVISIBLE MOUSE. ,,,;;;;,,;,,;,;;.,,,

Figure 8 Example of Entered Text • After entering the lines , notice the following: every time you press the key, an+ appears on the screen . This figure indicates the carriage return action . Also, pay particular attention to the movement of the cursor . During execution of the keystroke entry, the cursor position indicates character placement by appearing immediately in front of the next entry. After any keystroke, the text window is up dated to reflect the current state of the file, and the cursor moves accord ingly . Look again at the above screen diagram and note the cursor positioning .

Using the table below, manipulate the cursor within your displayed text.

Keystroke Explanation

Moves cursor left Moves cursor right Moves cursor down one physical line Moves cursor up one physical line t2 Moves cursor to beginning of logical line 3 Moves cursor to end of logical line

After you feel thoroughly acquainted with the movement produced by striking these keys, follow the procedure outlined below:

Position the cursor on the "A" of the first word in the first Ii ne of your text. Use the .... keystroke. Now use the keystroke. Note that both of these opera- tions result in the warning message CURSORt AT END. The same error message will be displayed if you use a .... if the cursor is in the far right position at the end of • text.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 10 Note: When the cursor moves up and down a slight glitter of the screen may occur. Also , on occasion , you may notice the appearance of an additional line below the command window. These are normal operating conditions.

Notice that these cursor-movement keystrokes position the cursor but do not affect the entered text. Within the immediate mode operation , there are essentially two types of keystrokes: those that directly relate to cursor positioning and those that execute a change to the text itself. You must position the cursor at a precise point using the above key combinations. Refer to the table below for those keystrokes that will immediately edit entered text.

Keystroke Explanation

Inserts a blank line above the current logical line Deletes character left of cursor Deletes character right of cursor Deletes the logical line occupied by cursor Insert character into text

Within the framework of this software and as a matter of convention, this manual introduces the terms logical line and physical line. A logical line contains those characters entered between carriage returns. A physical line encompasses those characters contained in a straight line from the extreme left side to the extreme right side position of your television screen. A logical line can be one or more physical lines.

Return to your screen. You must use your cursor control keys to move your cursor during an edit session. Position the cursor so that it is over the "v" in the word "invisible." Use the 1.m;1j:@U¥J key twice. (Do not press Pressing the 11!&3key at any time will introduce a carriage return figure, your text.)

Take note of several unique conditions that might arise from operation of the mmam and keys.

If the cursor is to the right of a carriage return, use either the key or the - key to reposition the cursor. However, when the cursor to the im- right of a carriage return, use of the key deletes the carriage return itself. Similarly, if the cursor is to the return, use of the key repositions the cursor exactly as use of the the cursor is to the immediate left of a carriage return, use of ,.,:eijlll'IJ!l1!11!!1jl!',!n4'!!191•it!!!!iijkey removes the carriage return itself. Concatenation follows carriage return deletion. If the maximum line length is exceeded, the editor:

• Restores the deleted carriage return

• Aborts the command line • • Displays the error message LINE TOO LONG • Returns to immediate mode operation

Operational Procedures for the Editor 11 � . • 'l'I

Other specific conditions that result when the cursor is positioned:

Within an expanding tab Use of either keystroke deletes the en tire tab.

At the beginning of the buffer Use of the key results in no operation generates the error CURSOR AT END.

Above the text window Use of the lm�l[llmtQ.key causes an automatic down the previous line.

At the end of the buffer Use of the key resu Its in no generates the error CURSOR AT END.

Note: Attempted deletion of the last carriage return in the buffer is illegal and results in the CURSOR AT END error message. Use a delete line operation to suc cessfully remove this last carriage return. •

Follow the same procedure to acquaint yourself with the use of the other keystrokes outlined in the table. Use cursor control keystrokes to position the cur sor. Select the appropriate key to accomplish the desired change. Use cursor con trol keystrokes to remove the cursor from the logical line.

On the ATARI Computer keyboard, locate the key. Use this key in conjunc- tion with control graphics keys to print specific characters. Refer to Figure 9 for keystroke combinations to produce a chosen graphics display.

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 12 •

Press the key to get and then press: • II • D 1111 IJ

Press the key to get and then press the II D key simultaneously II D ii m • = • 13 • • [!] • [!] 1111 � • BJ

Press the key to get and then press the • [!] key simultaneously • � - �

Figure Escape Se quence Characters 9

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 13 •

If the cursor is within an expanding tab or to the right of a carriage return when a character is inserted into text, the editor automatically repositions the tab or car riage return to the right of the cursor.

Additional cursor movement keystrokes:

Keystroke Explanation

8 Displays previous screen 9 Displays next screen

Use the keystrokes above to respectively display either 20 physical lines above or below the text window. Additional reserved keystrokes include:

Keystroke Explanation

Tabs to next tab stop Returns and auto-indents to same level Toggles visible-tab mode Toggles visible-carriage return mode

Use the GIS1!17l1J key to position the cursor. Space tabs insert a selected number • of blanks between tab stops, and the cursor positions itself accordingly. Expanding tabs, however, insert a character into the text that indicates the tab function. By us ing the customizing file, you can display the expanding tab character as either blanks or a right triangle followed by periods. Set your default choice within the parameters of the customizing file. If you have chosen the expanding tab option, use the Em!I immediate mode keystroke command to display the alternate character

Carriage returns can be displayed as blanks or down-arrows. Default choice is set within the parameters of the customizing file. Use the immediate mode keystroke to display the alternate character

Auto-indention allows you to reposition the cursor to return to an automatic tab stop on the next logical line. Press the and ldilDQrlkeys simultaneously. The indention of the logical line containing cursor determines the position of the automatic tab.

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 14 •

Keystroke Command

Erases the error window Executes command window Selects the alternate command line Changes mode Aborts command being executed

Error messages displayed within the error window are cleared in three ways:

• Pressing the keys will clear the error. • If a syntax error occurs, window clears when the command is corrected. • After four seconds of elapsed time, the error window automatically clears with any keystroke entry.

Use the key to change operation modes. In immediate mode operation, use of enters command mode. Switching these operation modes automatically clears current command window. To avoid this erasure, use the mJ1 IJ'Jflmm combination keystroke. The current command line remains intact, and the cursor positions itself at the end of the command line.

Within the command mode, all keystrokes enter text into the command window. All immediate and reserved keystrokes, with the exception of can still be executed. Use of the key deletes the last into • the command window. twice while in command mode the entire command line.

During execution of the command window, the editor is in command mode. Notice that the cursor remains in the command window while the command is be ing executed. After successful completion of the command execution, the cursor disappears from the command window and the editor returns to immediate mode operation. Use the key to rotate displays of the command line and any alternate entry. key during execution of the command line to discontinue processing. As soon as the current command execution is completed, a BREAK KEY ABORT message appears in the error window, and the editor returns to immediate mode operation. Touching at any other time has no effect.

In command mode, the use of returns control to immediate mode. The command line remains in the window for later execution. Use the m1il key to execute commands within the command window. A NOT COM PLETE error message results when a command contains a syntax error. The editor remains in command mode so that correction can be made. Executing a blank command or an empty display window returns control to immediate mode.

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 15 •

COMMAND The command window accepts and displays all entries made in com- MODE mand mode operation. With the exception of the key, all immediate reserved keystrokes function identically within mode. The com- OPERATION mand window is three physical lines long and allows a single command line that is made up of one or more commands. You may enter spaces between commands for better readability, and use either upper- or lowercase. Within the command window, a carriage return is displayed as the inverse escape sequence character. A mini-interpreter checks each keystroke for valid syntax. The fo llowing syntax error messages may be displayed :

• UNRECOGNIZED COMMAND

• DELIMITER ERROR

• NUMBER TOO BIG

If a syntax error occurs, the editor ignores all keystrokes until you delete the offend ing character from the command window. Manipulation of the command wi ndow is as fo llows: • • key returns the editor to immediate mode operation.

• key pressed twice erases the entire command window.

• key executes the command line if the syntax is correct and complete.

• key swaps the command line displayed in the command window with command line.

After execution of the command line, the editor retu rns to immediate mode tion. The command line is not erased and may be reexecuted by pressing

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 16 •

EXITING THE EDITOR

Depending upon your desired end result, choose one of the following options to exit from the editor:

Command Explanation

EXIT Use this command to exit from the editor and return to DOS. All changes made during the edit session are re tained.

EXIT2 Use this command to exit from and restart the editor. In effect, this com mand duplicates the action of EXIT followed by the DOS "L" (load) com mand, and you will receive the editor sign-on filename prompt.

ABORT Use this command to exit from the editor without incorporating any changes made during the edit session and return control to DOS.

ABORT2 Use this command to exit without in • corporating any changes made during the edit session and restart the editor. In effect, this command duplicates the action of ABORT and DOS "L" (load) commands. You will receive the editor sign-on filename prompt.

REOPEN Use this command to exit from the editor and automatically reenter the same file. In effect, this command duplicates the action of EXIT2 and answering the filename prompt with the specification of the file you are editing. See "Specialized Commands" within this section for specific details.

Note: The editor accepts the exiting commands in the form EXITn and ABORTn as valid syntax. However, at execution time, the error message NUMBER TOO BIG is generated if n is greater than 2 .

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 17 •

CURSOR MOVEMENT COMMANDS

You may manipulate the cursor through command mode operation. This method lets you quickly move the cursor to where you want it. To use the fo llowing table effectively, you must be familiar with two terms: buffer and file. In this particular software application, text is copied from the file to be ed ited into a memory buffer where modification is achieved. When the memory buffe r becomes full, it is writ ten to a temporary file. This process is repeated continuously until all text has been copied from the edited fi le into a temporary fi le. As you can determine, the con tents of the ed ited file and the memory buffer can diffe r.

Note: Take care in planning you r editing session. You cannot easily edit the po rtion of the fi le that has been written out of the buffe r. Make your modifications from the beginning to the end of the file. To edit a part of the file that has already been writ ten out of the buffer, use the REOPEN command (see "Specialized Commands" contai ned within this section) or reenter the editor. Both of these methods require lengthy disk access.

Command Explanation

Cln Moves cursor left n characters CRn Moves cursor right n characters CUn Moves cursor up n logical lines • CDn Moves cursor down n logical lines CBB Moves cursor to beginning of buffer CEB Moves cursor to end of buffer CBF Moves cursor to begi nning of file CEF Moves cursor to end of file CBL Moves cursor to beginning of the logical line CEL Moves cursor to end of the logical line CCn Moves cursor to column n (range 1-200)

Note: The notation n signifies an optional numeric argument, which usually acts as a repeat counter, with a range of 1-65535. With the exception of margin values, if n is omitted, the editor assumes a value of 1. The error message CURSOR AT END is generated each time you attempt to posi tion the cursor:

• Left, before the begi nning of the buffe r

• Right, past the end of the buffer

• Up, before the beginning of the buffe r

• Down, past the end of the buffe r

Note: Each time the editor generates this error message, it aborts the command line and enters immediate mode operation.

Use the cursor control movements to position the cursor at strategic locations to implement the more sophisticated commands available in the editor. •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 18 •

SEARCH COMMANDS

In the fo llowing com mands, delimiters must be used to separate the string from the search command notation. You may either use the slash mark, /, or a set of quota tion marks as delimiter characters. As an example, the SB/-/n command explained below can also be entered as SB"-"n. You can use "wild cards" as a substitution for characters in a search string. The editor recognizes the inverse video question mark (1) as a wild card that will match any character while searchi ng. (To display any inverse video characters from the ATARI 800 keyboard, use the key.)

Command Explanation

SB/-/n Search for nth occurrence of string in buffer SF/-/n Search for nth occurrence of string in file SRB/-/-/n Search and replace n times in buffer SRF/-/-/n Search and replace n times in file SRVB/-/-/n Search and replace with verify n times in buffer SRVF/-/-/n Search and replace with verify n times in file

• Note: The notation n signifies an optional numeric argument, which usually acts as a repeat counter, with a range of 1-65535. With the exception of margin values, if n is omitted, the editor assumes a value of 1.

In general, all string sea rches begin after the current cursor location. In successful fi le and buffer searches, the cursor is positioned after the nth occurrence of the st ring. The logical line containing the cursor is displayed as the first line of the text window.

In unsuccessful buffer searches, the editor:

• Retains the cursor in its original position

• Generates a SEARCH FAILED error message

• Aborts the command line

• Returns to immediate mode operation

In unsuccessful file searches, the editor repeatedly writes out the current buffer and reads a new buffer. If the end-of-fi le is reached before finding the nth occurrence of the string, the search fails. Then, the editor:

• Retains'the cursor in its origi nal position if the last line in the fi le was already in the buffer before the search began or " • Positions the cursor to the beginning of the last buffer read if new lines were introduced from the file to the buffer area

• • Follows the same procedure outlined above for unsuccessful buffer searches

Operational Procedures for the Editor 19 •

In general, the search and replace commands, perform a search for the fi rst string and replace it with the designated second string for the specified n times. The replacement string may be null or have a different amount of characters than the search st ring. Care should be taken to avoid the following conditions resulting in error messages. As with all error conditions, the ed itor aborts the command line and returns to immediate mode operation.

LI NE TOO LONG Could result if the insertion of a large replacement string into a text line ex ceeds the maximum line length.

Result of Operation: Only the fi rst part of the replacement string would be in serted into the text.

LINE TOO LONG Could result if the search string contains carriage returns. When a carriage return is deleted and the lines are con catenated, the resulting new line could exceed the maximum line length.

Result of Operation: The cursor is located to the right of a partial search string and that logical line is displayed as the first line of the text window. •

CURSOR AT END Could result if the search string ter minates with a carriage return and is fo und on the last line of the buffer. Because the editor does not allow the last carriage return in the buffer to be deleted (except with a delete-line com mand), this search results in the given error message.

Result of Operation: The editor will fi nd the string but abort the command line, resulting in no replacement.

In unsuccessfu l buffer searches, the editor:

• Retains the cursor in its original position if no replacement has been made or

• Positions the cursor after the last successful replacement and

- generates a SEARCH FAI LED error message - aborts the command line - returns to immediate mode operation

In unsuccessful file searches, the editor repeatedly writes out the current buffer and reads in a new one. If the end-of-file is found before the nth occurrence of the search string, the command fails. Then, the editor follows the same procedure as outlined above for unsuccessfu l buffer searches. •

Operational Procedures for the Editor l 20 •

Search and replace with verify commands for buffer and file use the same pro cedure as those respective commands without ve rification. Additionally:

• Before each replacement, the ed itor moves the cursor after the fou nd search string and displays that logical line as the first line of the text window.

• A prompt question appears in the error window

R Signifies replacement of the search stri ng S Signals a "skip" of this occurrence Q Te rminates or prematurely "quits" the searc h and replace command.

You may type your response in upper- or lowercase letters. If the response is valid, the editor clears the error window and completes the operation. If the response is invalid, your typed character is displayed; the cursor appears in the error window with a question mark.

BLOCK COMMANDS

You can manipulate a section of text lines by placing them within a defined block. To do this, you must precede and follow the designated text with a block marker that flags the attention of the editor and signals the beginning and end of the block. • In the case of having more than two markers, the block is defined to be the group of text between the first encountered set of markers within the buffer.

Note: Do not use a line within yo ur fi le that matches the block marker text designa tion.

Bloc k markers are:

• A special text line displayed as fo llows

****BLOCK MARKER**** that must be the Only text on the line itself

• Converted to a regular text line in the file by adding, deleting, or changing characters within the marker

• Automatically deleted from any text written out of the buffe r

Although block commands offer timely execution of lengthy procedu res, consider the limitations imposed upon their function by the system, itself. For example, error conditions can result if you attempt to move bloc ked text from the top of memory through insufficient available RAM. Also, exercise caution when yo u assign a filename specification within the parameters of a block-read or bloc k-write opera tion so that you do not attempt to read or write to an already open file. Remember that the .BAK and .TMP file extensions are reserved for internal use by the editor. Also, if you wish to specify a drive number within a block-read or block-write • operation, use the drive number Dn designation within your filename string.

Operational Procedures the Editor for 21 •

Command Explanation

MS Marker Set Marker Set Inserts a block-marker text line Before the logical line containing the cursor

MC Marker Clear Marker Clear Removes all block-marker text lines and repositions the cursor to the beginning of the buffe r

After setting the block markers, use the following commands to perform your in tended operation.

Command Explanation

BC Block Copy Copies the marked text before the line on which the cursor is positioned. The block markers are not copied with the text.

BM Block Move Moves a marked block of text before the logical line containing the cursor . The block markers are also moved. • BD Block Delete Deletes a marked block of text. The block markers are also deleted .

BP Block Print Prints the marked block on the system printer (P:). Expanding tabs and carriage retu rns are displayed as blanks.

BW/-/ Block Write Writes the marked block to a disk file named within the delimiters. The block markers are not written to the file.

BR/-/ Block Read Reads the disk file named within the delimiters and inserts that bloc k before the logical line containing the cursor. Automatic paging will occur to read in the entire file if memory becomes full.

In general, the use of these commands:

• Positions the cursor at the beginning of the current line. • Scrolls the screen until the cursor is on the first line of the text window.

Error messages that could be generated from an attempt of the above commands are:

MEMORY FULL Results if there is not enough free memory to hold the entire block on a • move or copy command.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 22 •

Proced ure for recovery from this condi tion is to:

• Use a BW/-/ command • Position the cursor at the desired location for the bloc k operation • Use a BR/-/ command

An alternate recovery method is to:

• Use the REOPEN command • Reposition the cursor at the desired location for the block operation • Repeat the block command

1/0 ERROR nnn May result during a print or write com mand. A standard ATARI operating system error number is given to aid you in isolating the problem.

In a print operation, the editor:

• Aborts the command line • Returns to immediate mode opera • tion.

In a write operation, the editor: closes the file.

INSERTING AND DELETING COMMANDS

Command Explanation

IT/-/n Inserts text string at the cursor location n times. If the cursor is past the last line in the buffer, the editor inserts a car riage return to the right of the cu rs or before inserting the text.

DBn Deletes n characters before the cursor.

DAn Deletes n characters after the cursor.

DFn Deletes every character between the beginning of the logical line and the current cursor location. When the cur sor position is immediately past a car riage return, the entire logical line is deleted except for the carriage return, • itself. After this occurrence, the cursor moves to the beginning of this null line.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 23 •

DLn Deletes the logical line containing the cursor. After deletion the cursor moves before the first character of the next logical line.

RL Inserts the text stored in the "recover line" buffe r in front of the line contain ing the cursor. Use this command to recover from accidental deletion of a line or to achieve a simple one-line move. You can insert text into the recover-line buffer by using a command or an immediate keystroke to delete a logical line.

Note: The notation n signifies an optional numeric argument, which usually acts as a repeat counter, with a range of 1-65535. With the exception of margin val ues, if n is omitted, the editor assumes a value of 1.

Error messages that could be generated from an attempt to use the above com mands are:

MEMORY FULL Results if too little free memory exists to allow for complete input of the string • argument.

Result of Operation: • Inserts either none, or only a part, of the string • Aborts the command line • Retu rns to immed iate mode opera tion

LINE TOO LONG Results from a deletion command if the editor deletes a carriage return and at tempts to concatenate lines that will ex ceed the current line length limits. Also, this error condition results from text string insertion that causes maximum line length limits to be exceeded.

CURSOR AT END Results from a deletion command if the cursor is at the beginning of the buffer when the editor attempts a deletion of characters before the cursor or if the cursor is at the end of the buffer when the edito r attempts a deletion of characters after the cursor.

Note: To delete the last carriage return in the buffer, use the delete-line command . •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 24 •

SPECIALIZED COMMANDS

LMn and RMn: Left and Right Margin Set Commands. If your television set needs adjustment to avoid cutting columns off of the display, change the left and right margins respectively by using these commands. Both margins are set a designated number of spaces dependent upon the value of n. If you omit the designation for n, the editor assumes a value of 1 for the left margin and a value of 40 for the right margin. The rule for setting the margin values is that the left margin must be greater than or equal to 1, but less than the value of the right margin. The right margi n must be less than or equal to 40, but greater than the value of the left margin.

If you attempt a designation for n that is not in conformance with the margin rule, the editor generates the error message MARG IN VALUE ERROR, aborts the com mand line, and returns to immediate mode operation. This error condition also oc curs if a new margin value causes existing command lines to exceed margin bound aries. Set automatic default values for both margins by using the customizing fi le.

CTSn: Convert Tabs to Spaces Command. Use this command to convert expanding tabs into spaces for a specified n of logical lines. If you omit the designation for n, the editor assumes a value of 1. Error conditions can occur in two instances:

MEMORY FULL This error is generated when the editor runs out of free memory during the conversion. A partially converted line • may appear above the line that is being executed at the time of the error condi tion.

CURSOR AT END This error is generated when the editor runs out of lines to convert in the buffer.

Error conditions cause the editor to abort the command line and return to im mediate mode operation.

REOPEN: Reopen Editor With Same File. Use the REOPEN command to exit nor mally from the editor. The editor automatically reenters the same file, retains the original command line, and positions the cursor to the begi nning of the fi le. Minimum growth factor determinations are made by the editor. The editor displays a warning message if the recalculated disk free space shows a limitation. You can choose to leave the editor or ignore the warning and continue with your editing session. When you reenter, the editor ignores all commands past the REOPEN on the current command line and empties both command line entries.

Use this command as a safety factor and backup procedure. Consistent and fre quent implementation of the REOPEN command assures you the retention of your most current work in the event of an unforeseeable occurrence such as a power failure. Fifteen-minute interval "saves" are a common data processing practice.

Note: If you are using more than one disk drive, the editor switches sou rce and • destination drives each time you execute the REOPEN command.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 25 •

Pln: Print n Lines on the System Printer. Use this command to print a specified number of lines on the system printer (P:). If n is not assigned, the editor assumes a value of 1. If you assign a value to n that is larger than the number of lines currently residing in the buffer, the editor automatically writes out the buffer and reads in a new one. If the editor encounters an end-of-fi le before the assigned number of n lines has been printed, the CURSOR AT EN D error message results. The editor aborts the command line and returns to immediate mode operation.

Printing starts from the logical line containing the cursor. Befo re printing the lines, all carriage returns and tab fields are changed to blanks.

Cursor positioning remains stationary unless the buffer is written out. The cursor moves to the begi nning of any newly read buffer.

WL/-/n: Write n Lines to Disk File. Use this command to write a specified number of lines to the disk fi le designated within the delimiters. If n is not assigned , the editor assumes a value of 1. If you assign a value to n that is larger than the number of lines currently residing in the buffer, the editor automatically writes out the buf fer and reads in a new one. If the editor encounters an end-of-fi le before the as signed number of n lines has been written, the CURSOR AT END error message results. The editor aborts the command line and retu rns to immediate mode opera tion.

Writing starts from the logical line containing the cursor. Cursor positioning re mains stationary unless the buffer is written out. The cursor moves to the beginning of any newly read buffer. •

Caution: Remember the editor reserves .BAK and .TMP extender designations. Do not attempt a write or read operation to an already open fi le.

LARGE FILE COMMANDS

You can ed it a fi le that is too large to fit into available free RAM space by using two specialized commands fo rmulated specifically for this purpose.

IH inputs half the available RAM from the fi le OC outputs text up to the current position of the cursor

When the editor receives the IH command, its immediate response is to calculate available memory and input approximately half of that amount from the fi le into the buffer. After receiving the OC command, the editor outputs text from the beginning of the buffe r up to the logical line containing the cursor. Thereafter, that logical line becomes the fi rst line in the buffer. With combined use of these two commands, you can obtain free memory to successfully edit fi les larger than will fit into current memory. Error or warning conditions that can occur include:

INPUT EOF The editor reaches the end of the specified input fi le.

1/0 ERROR nnn A fatal disk or printer error occurs .

LINE TOO LONG The editor encounters a line that ex ceeds the maximum line length set by • the customizing fi le.

Operational Procedures for the Editor 26 CAN NOT-PREV IOUS The editor cannot perform an intended DISK 1/0 ERROR function because of a previous error condition.

TABLE - IMMEDIATE MODE RESERVED KEYSTROKES 1

Move cursor left (skip across expanding tabs)

Move cursor right (skip across expand ing tabs)

Move cursor down one physical line

Move cursor up one physical line

2 Move cursor to beginning of logical line

3 Move cursor to end of logical line

8 Display previous screen of characters

9 Display next screen of characters

regular keys Insert character into text

Prepare to insert new line(s)

Tab to next tab stop

Return with auto indent to same level

Delete character left of cursor

Delete character right of cursor

Delete logical line containing cursor

Toggle visible-tab mode (if expanding tab option selected)

Toggle visible-carriage return mode

Clear error window

Execute command window

Select alternate command line • Change mode Abort command being executed

Operational Procedures for the Editor 27 •

TABLE 2 - COMMAND MODE INSTRUCTIONS

EX IT Exit normally from ed it - return to DOS EX IT2 Exit normally from edit - restart ed itor ABORT Exit without saving changes - retu rn to DOS ABORT2 Exit without savi ng changes - restart editor

SB/-/n Search for nth occurrence of string in buffer SF/-/n Search for nth occurrence of string in fi le SRB/-/-/n Search and replace n times in buffer SRF/-/-/n Search and replace n times in file SRVB/-/-/n Search and replace with verify n times in buffer SRV F/-/-/n Search and replace with verify n times in file

MS Marker set MC Marker clear BC Block copy BM Block move BD Block delete • BP Block print BW/-/ Block write to disk file BR/-/ Block read from disk file

Cln Move cursor left n characters CRn Move cursor right n characters CUn Move cursor up n logical lines CDn Move cursor down n logical lines CBB Move cursor to begi nning of buffe r CEB Move cursor to end of buffer CBF Move cursor to beginning of file CEF Move cursor to end of file CBL Move cursor to beginning of logical line CEL Move cursor to end of logical line CCn Move cursor to column n

IT/-/n Input string n ti mes at cursor position DBn Delete n characters before cursor DAn Delete n characters after cursor DF Delete first part of logical line DR Delete remainder of logical line Dln Delete n logical lines RL Recover last deleted line

IH Input half of available RAM from fi le oc Output text to fi le up to line contain ing cursor •

Operational Procedures for the Editor 28 •

REOPEN Reopen editor with same file Pln Print n lines on system printer Wll-/n Write n lines to disk file CTSn Convert expanding tabs to spaces for n lines LMn Set left margi n to width n RMn Set right margin to width n

Note: n is an optional numeric argument, which usually acts as a repeat counter, with a range of 1-65535. With the exception of margin values, if n is omitted, the editor assumes a value of 1.

Note: "/-/" is a required character string delimited by either a pair of slashes or a pair of quotes. "/-/-/" is a pair of required strings delimited by either a triplet of slashes or a triplet of quotes.

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Operational Procedures for the Editor 29 •

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Operational Proced ures 0 tor the Editor 3 3 CUSTOMIZING THE EDITOR

You can use the editor to fu ll advantage by establishing specific parameters to han dle distinct fi le extensions. For example, you may wish to turn off the auto indention feature on all fi le extensions except for languages similar to PASCAL. Maximum line lengths for .ASM files are different than, fo r instance, .BAS and should be altered fro m the default value. By setting a customizing screen color you can visually determine the nature of your editing fi le.

Customizing file alterations use the BASIC programming language. You must have an ATARI BASIC language cartridge inserted into the left slot of your computer con sole. Refer to the Operators Manual for instruction in installing a car tridge. ATARI 800

To load the customizing fi le:

1. Place the diskette containing the ed itor program into your disk drive.

2. Turn on the computer. Wait for the READY message prompt with the cursor to appear on the screen.

4. Remove the program diskette and insert your data diskette.

The Customizing File Menu that appears will allow you to select the area in which you wish to change the default values. Most of the selections are self-documented . You can refe rence the inst ructions included in the software program or you can type N in response to the WOULD YOU LIKE INSTRUCTIONS? (Y/N) query and use this manual.

• Figure Extension Croup Prompt 70

Customizing the Editor 31 •

Refer to Figure 11. By answering the WHAT EXTENSION GROUP query, you establish the fi lename specification extension that you wish to customize. Enter the GJto return to the instructions for use of the fi le.

Figure Customizing File Menu 7 7 •

A-D- Parameters The Customizing File Menu appears as soon as you have answered the extension group prompt. Depending upon your choice of parameters, all changes that you enter into the customizing fi le will be retained as new values for your selected group. Use the fi rst fo ur fi elds of the menu, A- D, to establish the changes or to disregard them. Selection of A or C returns control to DOS for easy access into the editor. Selection of B or D reruns the customizing fi le.

E-Set Tab Stops

Selection E allows you to set your tab stop values. As the software instructions in dicate, tab stop values cannot be changed during an editing session. The screen displays default and current tab stop values. A (Menu, Set, Clear) Select Item prompt appears on the screen.

M Reruns the Customizing File Menu S Brings (2-199) What column to set onto the screen. Choose the col umn tab stop by pressing the number combination fo llowed All current tab stop values will be redisplayed . Note the inclusion your new value. C Brings (2-199 or *) What column to clear onto the screen. Choose the column tab stop by pressing the number combination followed by All current tab stop values will be redisplayed . Note the exclusion value. Press the "*" key to clear all tab stop values. Wait for the Select-Item prompt • to appear. Use the Set command to enter new values.

Customizing the Editor 32 •

F-Set Maximum Line Length Maximum line length defaults to 114 characters or 3 physical lines in conformance with the ATARI Computer' s built-in operating system screen editor. The editor allows from 2 to 200 characters per logical line. Enter your chosen value and press Control automatically returns to the Customizing File Menu.

G-Set Minimum Growth

Use this command to determine your space allocation befo re receiving an 1/0 ERROR 162 (disk fu ll) error message. You can ignore the minimum growth check warning and proceed with your editing session. However, be mindful of its usefu lness as a warning device. Enter your chosen value and press Control automatically returns to the Customizing File Menu.

H-Set Default Margins

If display columns are being cut off at the sides of your television screen, you can change the left and right margins.

I-Set Color of Screen

Using the customizing fi le, you can alter three variables that precisely determine the color display. The first variable, indicated as COLOR, controls the background • color selection. Refer to the following table for numbers corresponding to the color of your choice.

TABLE 3-THE ATARI COLORS AND NUMBERS

BACKGROUND CORRESPONDING COLORS NUMBERS

GRAY 0 LIGHT ORANGE (GOLD) 1 ORANGE 2 RED-ORANGE 3 PINK 4 PURPLE 5 PURPLE-BLUE 6 AZURE BLUE 7 SKY BLUE 8 LIGHT BLUE 9 TURQUOISE 10 GREEN-BLUE 11 GREEN 12 YELLOW-GREEN 13 ORANGE-GREEN 14 LIGHT ORANGE 15 • Note: Colors will vary with type and adjustment of television or monitor used.

Customizing the Editor 33 •

The second variable, B-lum, controls the luminance of the background color on the screen. The third va riable, C-lum, controls the character luminance. Luminance is changed on every even number: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14. Follow certain rules when assign ing luminance numbers to ensure a useable combination. To obtain the best clarity and avoid the occurrence of a blank screen:

• Do not equate the luminance values for the two variables, B-lum and C-lum.

• The two luminance values must be greater or less than each other by a factor of 8.

•

Figure Customizing File Su bmenu J 12

J-Set Miscellaneous Flags

A-Return to Main Menu

Return to the main menu after choosing your new values. You may then make a selection to retain or disregard the parameters you have selected .

B-Set Type of Tab

Note: Not all AT ARI software recognizes expanding tabs.

Space tabs insert a selected number of blanks between tab stops, and the cursor positions accordingly. Expanding tabs, however, insert a character into the text that indicates the tab fu nction.

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34 Cmtomizing the Editor •

C-Set Tab Display Method

Expanding tabs can be conventionally displayed as spaces or usefu lly displayed as right triangles fo llowed by periods. The value entered into this parameter can be displaced by an immediate mode keystroke.

D-Set Carriage Return Display

A carriage return can either be displayed as a space or a down arrow. The value entered into this parameter can be displaced by an immediate mode keystroke.

E-Auto-lndention Feature

Auto-i ndention allows you to reposition the cursor to an automatic tab stop on the next logical line. To activate auto-indention, you press the and Emiml keys simultaneously. Use the customizing fi le to disengage re .

F-Set Shifting Caselock

After yo u answer the fi lename prompt and begi n the edit of your specified fi le, this option comes into effect. Set a shift-lock for uppercase designation or a no lock for upper- and lowercase. The parameter value entered may be displaced ·� by using the key during an editing session .

•

Customizing the Editor 35 LIMITED 90-DAY WARRANTY • ON ATARI® HOME COMPUTER PRODUCTS

ATARI, INC ("ATARI") warrants to the original consumer purchaser that this ATARI Home Computer Product (not including computer pro grams) shall be free from any defects in material or workmanship for a period of days from the date of purchase. If any such defect is discovered within the warranty period, ATARl's sole obligation will be to repair or90 replace, at its election, the Computer Product free of charge on receipt of the unit (charges prepaid, if mailed or shipped) with proof of date of purchase satisfactory to ATARI at any authorized ATARI Computer Service Center. For the location of an authorized ATARI Computer Service Center nearest you, call toll-free:

In California or write to: Atari, Inc. Continental U.(800)S. 672-1430 Customer Service/Field Support (800) 538-8737 Bordeaux Drive Sunnyv1 340 ale, CA 94086 YOU MUST RETURN DEFECTIVE COMPUTER PRODUCTS TO AN AUTHORIZED ATARI COM PUTER SERVICE CENTER FOR IN WARRANTY REPAIR.

This warranty shall not apply if the Computer Product: (i) has been misused or shows signs of excessive wear, (ii) has been damaged by be ing used with any products not supplied by ATARI, or (iii) has been damaged by being serviced or modified by anyone other than an authorized ATARI Service Center.

ANY APPLICABLE IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR POSE, ARE HEREBY LIMITED TO NINETY DAYS FROM THE DATE OF PURCHASE. CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM A BREACH OF ANY APPLICABLE EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES ARE HEREBY EXC LUDED. Some states do not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts or do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations or exclusions may not apply to you.

This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.

DISCLAIMER OR WARRANTY ON ATARI COMPUTER PROGRAMS

All ATARI computer programs are distributed on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind. The entire risk as to the quality and perfor • mance of such programs is with the purchaser. Should the programs prove defective following their purchase, the purchaser and not the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer assumes the entire cost of all necessary servicing or repair.

ATARI shall have no liability or responsibility to a purchaser, customer, or any other person or entity with respect to any liability, loss, or damage caused directly or indirectly by computer programs sold by ATARI. This disclaimer includes but is not limited to any interruption of service, loss of business or anticipatory profits, or consequential damages resulting from the use or operation of such computer programs.

REPAIR SERVICE

If your ATARI Home Computer Product requires repair other than under warranty, please contact your local authorized ATARI Computer Service Center for repair information.

IMPORTANT: If you ship your ATARI Home Computer Product, package it securely and ship it, charges prepaid and insured, by parcel post or United Parcel Service.

• EDITOR MESSAGES

Warnings

USING DEFAULTS No customizing file was found that matched the extension of the filename, so the editor uses its built-in defaults.

NEW FILE The file named to be edited does not exist; therefore, the editor creates a new file using the specified name given at the prompt.

INPUT EOF The end of file has been reached on the input file.

CANNOT-PREVIOUS Refer to a previous execution for cause of error. Use of EXIT, IH, or OC commands may be restricted. DISK ERROR CURSOR1/0 AT END Occurs whenever the cursor tries to move past either end of the text buffer.

Prompt Messages

VERI FY(REPLACE, Displays in the error window before each replacement while executing a search-and-replace-with-verify SKIP,QUIT)? command.

Error Messages

MARGIN VALUE ERROR Occurs when a designation for n is not in conformance with the margin rule.

LINE TOO LONG Occurs whenever the addition of text to the current line causes it to exceed the maximum line length set by the customizing file.

MEMORY FULL Means that there is not enough free RAM in the buffer to carry out the operation.

ILLEGAL Tells you that the last filename prompt was incorrectly answered. DEV:FILE.EXT

DELIMITER ERROR Tells you that the command being entered into the command window requires a slash or double • quotation mark (") for proper syntax. (I)

SEARC H FAILED Occurs when a search command was executed and the search string could not be found.

NOT COMPLETE Occurs when you try to execute the command window when an incomplete command line exists there.

UNRECOGNIZED Occurs when you type an invalid character into the command window. COMMAND

BREAK KEY Acknowledges that you have pressed the key during execution of the command window. ABORT

ERROR nnn Tells you that a fatal disk or printer error has occurred. nnn is an error number generated by the 1/0 operating system. Refer to the ATARI Disk Operating System II Reference Manual.

NUMBER TOO BIG Tells you that the argument n given in the command window is too large for the command specified or the current line length limit.

CANNOT FIND Means that the editor could not find a marked block of text while executing a BC, BD, BM, BP, BW/-/, or MARKED BLOCK BR/-/ command.

CANNOT FIND FILE Means that the editor could not find the file requested in a BR/-/ command.

EDITOR IS CONFUSED Occurs when internal editing poi nters have been damaged. Try immediate mode keystrokes

and +- until you no longer receive this error message. (If this error should occur, it us if you could find a repeatable sequence of events that reproduces it and report to ATARI Customer Service.)

FILE LOC KED Means that the file you requested to edit is locked or the.associated .BAK or .TMP file is locked.

EDITOR CANNOT Occurs if you have attempted to use any other DOS but 2.0S; or if you have called the editor directly, RUN-NO FREE IOC Bs and at least three available IOCBs do not exist.

Note: n is an optional numeric argument, which usually acts as a repeat counter, with a range of With the exception of margin values, if n is omitted, the editor assumes a value of 1-65535. • 1. ,

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Warner Commun1cat1ons ComQany