4686 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE May 7
Brig. Gen. Geo!"ge Harris Cosby, Jr.. MESSAGE FROM ~ SENATE count of the leasing of lands acquired by the United States for flood control purposes; 0167827. A message from the Senate, by Mr. Brig. Gen. Clyde Emerson Do~gherty, S. 193. An act for the relief of Toni Anne Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that Simmons (Hitomi Urasaki); 0190855. Brig Gen. Charles :Merville Spofford, the Senate had passed without amend S. 207. An act for the relief of Jimy Okuda; ment bills of the House of the follow s. 226. An act for the relief of Keiko Ta 0919215. shiro; IN THE NAVY ing titles: s. 228. An act for the relief of Irene Rear Adm. John w. Roper, United States H. R. 688. An act for the relief of Takako Ezitis; Niina; · Navy, when retired, to be placed on the s. 252. An act to permit all civil actions retired list with the rank of vice admiral. H. R. 720. An act for the relief of Mrs. against the United States for recovery of The following-named officers of the Navy Muriel J. Shingler, doing business as Shing taxes erroneously or illegally assessed or col for permanent appointment to the grade of ler's Hatchery; lected to be brought in the district courts rear admiral: H. R. 748. An act for the relief of Anneliese with right of trial by jury; Else Hermine Ware (nee Neumann); S. 275. An .act to further define the na To be rear admirals, line H. R . 884. An act for the relief of Stephanie Bernard E. Manseau Burton Davis tional transportation policy; Marie Dorcey; S. 371. An act for the relief of Georgia Logan McKee Murr E. Arnold H . R. 886. An act for the relief of Aspasia Ralph Earle, Jr. John B. Moss Andrews; Vezertzi; S. 380. An act to authorize the sale or George A. Holderness, Irving T. Duke H. R. 955. An act for the relief of Paula Jr. Truman J. Hedding lease by the State of Kansas of certain lands Akiyama; situated near Garden City, Kans.; . Selden B. Spangler Chester C. Wood H. R. 1101. An act for the relief of Daniel Joseph N. Wenger Clarence E. Ekstrom S. 383. An act for the relief of Francisca Robert Leary; Egurrola; Neil K. Dietrich Rufus E. Rose H. R. 1186. An act for the relief of Astrid Frederick MoosbruggerCharles W. Wilkins Ingeborg Marquez; S. 448. An act for the relief of William Francis M. Hughes Junior Jami and Sachiko Suwa; H. R. 1193. An act for the relief of Mrs. S. 484. An act conferring jurisdiction upon To be rear admirals, Medical Corps Helga Josefa Wiley; H. R. 1451. An act for the relief f Mrs. the United States District Court for the Sterling S. Cook Winfred P. Dana District of Colorado to hear, determine, and Charles F. Behrens Robert M. Gillett James M. Tuten, Jr.; H. R . 1704. An act for the relief of Mrs. render judgment upon the claim of J. Don To be rear admirals, Supply Corps Suga Umezaki; Alexander against the United States; H. R. 1895. An act for the relief of Jack S. 607. An act for the relief of Thomas Walter W. Honaker Dale Fawcett (George Yamamoto); Frederick L. Retter Kamal Samhat; H. R. 1936. An act authorizing the accept S. 639. An act to provide for the abandon Frederic W. Hesser ment of a certain part of the Federal project To be rear admiral, Civi l Engineer Corps ance, for purposes of Colonial National His torical Park, of school board land in ex for the Broadkill. River in Delaware; Joseph F. Jelley, Jr. · change for park land, and for other purposes; s. 674. An act for the relief of Kikue Tsurukawa; IN THE MARINE CORPS H. R : 2353. An act for the relief of Ema Shelome Lawter; s. 712. An act for the relief of William R. The following-named officers for perma· Jackson; nent appointment to the grades indicated: · H. R. 2624. An act for the relief of Paola Boezi Langford; S. 1143. An act for the relief of Teresa To be major general H. R. 2936. An act authorizing the Secre Lee Tipton (Kinuko Sakai); Vernon E. Megee tary of the Interior to convey certain lands S. 1147. An act for the relief of Karen To be brigadier generaZ to the State of California for use as a fair Ruth Bauman; ground by the lo-A District Agricultural As· S. 1228. An act for the relief of Patrie Albert D. Co~ley sociation, California; and Dorian Patterson; H. R. 4004. An act to amend section 5210 Of S. 1292. An act providing for the recon the Revised Statutes. veyance to the town of Morristown of certain land included within· the Morristown Na· HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES· The message also announced that the tional Historical Park, in the State of New Senate had passed, with amendments in Jersey; THURSDAY, MAY 7, 1953 which the concurrence of the House is S. 1307. An act to amend the act of De· requested, bills and concurrent resolu cember 23, 1944, authorizing certain trans The House met at 12 o'clock noon. tions of the House of the following titles: actions by disbursing officers of the United The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, H. R. 731. An act for the relief of James States, and for other purposes; D. D., offered the following prayer: Rennick Moffett; S. 1334. An act for the relief of Rev. A. E. H. R. 4198. An act to confirm anc: establish Smith; Almighty God, we are again turning the titles of the States to lands beneath nav S. 1376. An act to amend section 503 of our thoughts toward Thee in supplica igable waters within State boundaries and the act entitled "An act to expedite the. tion and petition, for Thou alone ca~st to the natural resources within such lands provision of housing in connection with give wisdom to guide, strength to sus and waters, and to provide for the use and national defense, and for other purposes," tain, and hope to cheer us in these troub· control of said lands and resources and the approved October 14, 1940, as amended; lous days. · resources of the outer Continental Shelf; · S. 1389. An act for the relief of Ami Han- • H. Con. Res. 29. Concurrent resolution fa ada (Margaret Ami McClung); Grant that we may yield ourselves voring the granting of the status of perma S. 1390. An act for the reli~f of Ann Marie more completely to the sovereign will nent residence to certain aliens; and Longworth and John Francis Longworth; of Thy divine spirit in order that our H. Con. Res. 73. Concurrent resolution fa· S. 1418. An act for the relief of Linda own finite spirits may be taught by Thee voring the granting of the status of perma Marlene Kolachny (Mariko Furue); and touched to finer issues. nent residence to certain aliens. S. 1448. An act to amend the act of June 25, 1942, relating to the making of photo We pray that, in our desires to find The message also announced that the and fulfill the meaning and mission of graphs and sketches of properties of the Senate had passed bills, joint resolu Military Establishment, to continue in effect life and have a worthy place in the an tions, and concurrent resolutions of the the provisions thereof until 6 months after nals of history, we may be ambitious following titles, in which the concur the present emergency; without being unscrupulous, high rence of the House is requested: s. 1514. An act to establish a Commission minded without being supercilious, ven S.18. An act to amend the Administrative on Intergovernmental Relations; turesome without being foolhardy and Procedure Act, and eliminate certain exemp· S. 1524. An act to authorize the Secretary presumptuous. tions therefrom; of. the Navy to furnish certain supplies and Show us how we may help all man S. 30. An act to provide for jury trials in services to foreign naval vessels on a reim kind achieve a larger measure of happi· condemnation proceedings in United States bursable basis, and for other purposes; ness and relief from life's burdens and district courts; · S. 1525. An act to authorize the Secretary struggles and worries. S. 39. An act to further implement the of the Navy to convey to the Tarrant County full faith and credit clause of the Con Water Control and Improvement District No. Inspire us to hasten the fulfillment stitution; 1 certain parcels of land in exchange for of the day when peace and good will S. 52. An act for the relief of Anny Del other lands and interests therein at the for shall prevail among men .and nations. Curto; mer United States Marine Corps air station, Hear us in the name of the Prince of S. 106. An act for the establishment of a · Eagle Mountain Lake, Tex.; Peace. Amen. Commission on Governmental Operations; S. 1527. An act to amend section 40b of S. 117. An act to amend section 7 of the the National Defense Act, as amended ( 41 The Journal of the proceedings of yes Flood Control Act of 1941 relating to the Stat. 759, 777); to remove the limitation terday was read and approved. apportionment of moneys received on ac- upon the detail of officers upon the active 1953 CONGRESSIONAL -RECORD '~·~ROUSE ~ 4681. list for recruiting service and for duty with requested, a bill of the House of the fol Mr. HALLECK. I am quite sure that ROTC units; lowing title: our members on the Judiciary Commit S. 1528. An act to continue in effect cer H. R. 4664. An act making supplemental tee would be very insistent that the tain appointments as officers and as warrant appropriations for the fiscal year ending matters dealt with in title III should be officers of the Army and of the Air Force; June 30, 1953, and for other purposes. S. 1529. An act to amend the act of July 28, again dealt with. If the Senate bill is 1942 (ch. 528, 56 Stat. 722), relating to post The message also announced that the accepted, of course, that would be -ob humous appointments and commissions, and Senate insists upon its amendments to vious from the fact that our committee for oj;her purposes; the foregoing bill, requests a conference and the House itself did insist upon the S. 1530. An act to amend the Army-Navy with the House on the disagreeing votes inclusion of title III in the original bill. Nurses Act of 1947 to authorize the appoint of the two Houses thereon, and appoints Mr. RAYBURN. What I was intend ment in the grade of first lieutenant of Mr. BRIDGES, Mr. FERGUSON, Mr. CORDON, ing by a little speed, I think we are all nurses and medical specialists in the Regu it lar Army and Regular Air Force, and ap Mr. HAYDEN, and Mr. RUSSELL to be the tired of this thing and we want to get pointment with rank of lieutenant (junior conferees on the part of the Senate. out of the way as quickly as possible · grade) of nurses in the Regular Navy; both the Senate bill and the Continentai S. 1544. An act to repeal the authority to Shelf. purchase discharge from the Army, the LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM FOR NEXT Mr. HALLECK. I see the chairman of Navy, the Air Force, and the Marine Corps; WEEK tJ:e Judiciary Subcommittee here. I S. 1545. An act to authorize the Secretary Mr. RAYBURN. Mr. Speaker, I ask Yield to the gentleman from Pennsyl of the Army to convey certa.in Government vania [Mr. GRAHAM]. . . . . owned burial lots and other property in the unanimous consent to address the House Washington Parish Burial Ground, Wash for 1 minute. Mr. GRAHAM. With reference to the ington, D. C., and to exchange other_ burial The SPEAKER. Is .there objection to matter of speed, we put this bill through lots; the request of · the gentleman from the House in 2 Y2 days. · The delay was S. 1546. An act to ainend the act author Texas? occasioned by the other body. They took izing the Secretary of War to approve a There was no objection. 6 weeks to do what we did in two days standard design for a service flag and service and a half. lapel button; Mr. RAYBURN. Mr. Speaker, !notice the so-called tidelands bill has been mes Mr. RAYBURN. We can always do S. 1547. An act• to authorize payment for that, but what I was trying to inquire tbll transportation of household effects of saged over from the Senate. Many certain naval personnel; Members are interested in when this about is as to whether or not if the S. 1548. An act to provide for the exchange matter may come up for consideration Senate bill is accepted, which leaves out between the United States and the Common_. in the House. I was wondering if the the matter of the Continental Shelf will wealth of Puerto Rico of certain lands and · gentleman from Indiana had come to the Judiciary Committee of the House interests in lands in Puerto Rico; any conclusion about that matter. go ahead and deal with the problem as S. 1549. An act to retrocede to the State Mr. HALLECK. I may say I think I quickly as possible? of Virginia concurrent jurisdiction over cer Mr. GRAHAM. We will begin on tain highways within Fort Belvoir, Va.; can make a fairly definite statement about it at this time. At this moment Monday morning. S. 1550. An act to authorize the President Mr. HALLECK. Rules have been to prescribe the occasions upon which the it might be well to generally speak of uniform of any of the Armed Forces may be the program as I see it for next week, granted on two bills: H. R. 4605 to worn by persons honorably discharged there because I expect, upon the conclusion amend section 10 of the Federal Reserve from; of the matters scheduled for today, to Act, and H. R. 4495 to amend the Uni S. 1608. An act to prevent the indefinite adjourn over until Monday. versal Military Training and Service Act continuation of service of a United States First, Monday. is District of Columbia having to do with the induction of cer~ marshal following the expiration oi his term; day. I do not know whether there are tain medical, dental, and allied special S. 1641. An act to retrocede to the State of ized categories. Those two measures will Oklahoma concurrent jurisdiction over the · any bills ready to be considered at that time or not. If there are, we will try be on the calendar for next week either right-of-way for United States Highways 62 . Tuesday or Wednesday. and 277 within the Fort Sill Military Reserva to have them specified in the whip notice, tion, Okla.; so that Members will be aware of them. I am informed by the chairman of the S. 1739. An act to provide for continuation Mr. REED of New York. I have a Committee on Appropriations that they of authority for regulation of exports, and matter that will come to the floor any will file the Treasury-Post Office appro for other purposes; time you are ready for it. priation bill on Wednesday. If the in S. 1805. An act to promote the national Mr. HALLECK. I understand. That sistence is made that v.re wait 3 days be defense by authorizing the construction of is right. fore we take the bill up, we could not take aeronautical research facilities and the ac the measure up until Saturday. It must quisition of land by the National Advisory On Tuesday I am hoping we can dii bao disposed of next week, because we Committee for Aeronautics necessary to the pose of the so-called tidelands legis have two appropriation bills for the effective prosecution of aeronautical re lation. The Senate bill does not con following week which will probably oc search; tain a provision that was in the House S. J. Res. 42. Joint resolution to provide for cupy us during all of that week, so I am bill, . known as title III. The measure very hopeful that while I recognize the proper participation by the United States may be sent to conference, or action may Government in a national celebration of the validity of the 3-day rule and while I 50th anniversary year of controlled power be taken here which would accept the also recognize that in previous Con flight occurring during the year from Decem Senate bill. gresses consent has been given very often ber 17, 1952, to December 17, 1953; My present belief is that in all proba for the consideration of appropriation S. J. Res. n: Joint resolution to extend bility we shall try to get a rule on Mon Elertain authority of the Federal National day which would make in order for ac bills earlier than the expiration of the 3 Mortgage Association to Guam and to amend tion Tuesday the adoption of the Senate days, I am very hopeful that we can ar ·the National Housing Act with respect to bill. In the event that action is taken it range to take that measure up either · housing in Alaska; is based upon assurances from both sides. Thursday or Friday of next week. s. Con. Res. 20. Concurrent resolution fa As far as I know that is the program voring the suspension of deportation of cer of the aisle in the other body that the tain aliens; matters contained in title III which have for next week. S. Con. Res. 24. Concurrent resolution to to do with the Federal control of the revise and reprint the pamphlet entitled "Our Continental Shelf beyond the· historic DESIGNATION OF ACTING CLERK Amertcan Government"; boundaries of the State~legislation S. Con. Res. 25. Concurrent resolution fa dealing with that will be sent over here The SPEAKER laid before the House voring the granting of the status 'of perma within the next 2 or 3 weeks from the the following communication from the . nent residence to certain aliens; and · other body. Clerk which was read: S. Con. Res. 26. Concurrent resolution fa Mr. RAYBURN. I insist on that OFFICE OF THE CLERK, voring the suspension of deportation of cer point. I would like to know if the gentle HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, tain aliens. Washington, D. C., May 6, 1953. man has an agreement with the chair The honorable the SPEAKER, The message also announced that the man of the Committee on the Judiciary House of Representatives. Senate had passed, with amendments in of the House that they may do the same Sm: Desiring to be away from my omce whic~ the concurrence of the House is thing that the Senate is going to do. for a few days, I hereby designate Mr. Robert May 7 W. Malone, an official in my office, to sign . MOTHER'S DAY - Mr. Speaker, the sympathy and under- any and all papers and do all other acts for me which he would be authorized to do by Mrs. ST. GEORGE. Mr. Speaker, I standing embodied in Mother's Day virtue of this designation and of clause 4, ask unanimous consent to address the bridges the cracks and chasms between rule III of the House. House for 1 minute and to revise and differ-ing religious denominations. - Respectfully yours, extend my remarks. The universality of Mother's Day sur LYLE 0. SNADER, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to mounts the barrier of color. Clerk of the House of Representatives. the request of the gentlewoman from All languages are· intelligible when New York? raised in the praise of motherhood. There was no objection. The tenderness of Mother's Day knows AMENDING UNIVERSAL MILITARY Mrs. ST. GEORGE. Mr. Speaker, the no seas nor mountain ranges, no bounda TRAINING ACT respect and honor in which peoples and ries of community, county State and Mr. ALLEN of Illinois, from the Com civilizations have held their women has Nation. ' ' mittee on Rules, reported the following long been a yardstick of the height and Men and women alike look to their privileged resolution
succeeded in 1529 in laying the solid founda• ity. The. co~onization of Lithuania, espe- rible peril which dominates the world, which tion o~ your country. . cially with Mongolian elements that I have imposes upon us such terrible sacrifices and So Lithuania started on the road to a mentioned, loyal to the Soviet Union, is so great fears for the future." Christian nation, revealing her constructive under way. Everything points to an organ- This is the stand of a great statesman, the virtues in the fields of social progress, eco ized plan to destroy the Lithuanian national Secretary of State, the man whom President nomic development, and culture. But the entity. This is the established course of Eisenhower has entrusted to implement his apparition of the Muscovite imperialistic Soviet policy as regards all anti-Communist foreign policy. The policy of liberation is hordes at the gates of Europe put an end national groups. thus opening a new period in the history of to any hope of normal development. For The genocidal attack on your country is our times. Liberation is therefore becottling more than a century you Lithuanians fought monstrous and overwhelming. · the enemy No. 1 of the worldwide Commu- against oppression by the Russian czars, Bu.t this ruthless persecution without nist conspiracy. • That is why wherever Com against the attempt to destroy you as a na precedent in history has been unable to cte- munist multiform action is manifest from tion; but at last, after sufferings and hard stroy the roots of human dignity and spirit- Moscow to Washington, voices are raised ships, your·resistance and your faith brought ual strength. A few days ago as you know, against liberation. The great cry "liberation you to. the great day of liberation. the first secretary of the Communist Party means war" has been coined in Moscow and It was a glorious day when the Council in Lithuania, the Soviet agent Snechkus thrown on the American fellow traveler's of Lithuania, in consultation with American declared in Kaunas that every effort must market by no less an authority than the Lithuanians, formally declared the country be made in Lithuania to uproot and elim- Daily Worker. to be free and independent. It was a day inate "all secret. and masked enemies" of So they say that liberation means war which cannot be erased from the hearts_and the social state. It added of course, that precisely for the reason that the Jiberation . minds of mankind, a day, the inspiration this nationalist resistance in ·Lithuania is policy is gravely endangering their aggressive and the urge of which are not extinguished, the work of American and British intelli- military buildup. It is therefore natural a day on whos~ foundation the coming lib gence. This cry is now heard in every So- that liberation, which means primarily the eration of Lithuania will ultima~ly be built. viet .agency from the Communist hirelings ceasing of Soviet subjugation and brutal in Let us recall the position of Soviet Russia in Toiana to those in East Germany. terference in the life o{ other nations, be in regard to your country. This position There is no doubt whatsoever that these stigmatized by the Soviets, through their throws a crude light on the real meaning squeals are but the execution of a precise well-known upside down technique, as inter of Soviet international cvmmitments. On order from Moscow. A great staging has ference in their domestic affairs. Certainly, July 12, 1920, the Soviet Union concluded been under way this last year with trials, the liberation of the victims is interference with you a peace treaty in which it was purges, and killings, with the visible objec- in the affairs of the criminal, and the crim stated that Russia without any prejudice tives of branding any kind of resistance ina! is coming to the United Nations to dem recognizes the self rule and independence behind the Iron Curtain as a product of onstrate that we want to interfere with his of the State of Lithuania with all the jurid American interference. The Soviet leaders crimes. ical consequences-and for all times re are aware of the inextinguishable forces of Through the secret agreements made with nounces with good will all the sovereignty the human desire for liberty. Worried by the Soviets during the war, a tragic contin rights of Russia, which it has had in regard the tremendous unrest in the subjugated uation of the Molotov-Ribbentrop pacts to the Lithuanian Nation or territory. areas, they try to maintain their control of 1939, our leaders, without the knowledge What noble expressions; it is the same through the genocidal techniques of de- of the American people, ceded Eastern Eu language the Soviets are using today. What portations, forced labor, mass arrests, and a rope to Soviet rule. So we found ourselves a chasm between their words and deeds. discrimination which means condemnation in the situation of condemning aggression They have a remarkable propensity for every to death. and interference, ·while recognizing govern- piece of paper which could lull the intended But this is not enough. In order to dis- ments of Eastern Europe, imposed forcibly victim into a sense of security. credit the immense forces which are shak- by aggression, and interference. We found Thus on Septemb.er 28, 1926, a treaty of ing the Soviet tyranny on its borders they ourselves in the situation while preaching of nonaggression was signed in Moscow between use every effort to present them as merely free elections and self-dete_rmination we the Soviets and Lithuania. Article II of sporadic incidents engineered by American dealt with governments of rigged elections this treaty proclaimed in the same noble interference. They thus hope to cover up and Soviet determination. We even went so language that the two countries will re that devastating force of human beings far as to conclude peace treaties with those spect their respective sovereignty and also fighting for their existence as free men and soviet agents who~ we knew pertinently did their · integrity and territorial inviolability for their spiritual integrity, which always not represent the countries concerned. There in all circumstances. has been the greatest creative source of our is only one bright spot in this dark picture, The love of the Soviets for nonaggression civilization. • and that is the fact that we have never rec- is so great that on April 4, 1934, this non This liberation drive which 13 years of ognized, and never will, the enslavement of aggression pact was extended until December incredible horrors has not succeeded in · the Baltic countries. 31 , 1945. crushing is now becoming the 'most power- An historical moment has now been Your country and the world were loaded ful disruptive force within the boundaries of reached. President Eisenhower has pro under the weight of so many solemn Soviet Soviet tyranny. This force has penetrated claimed the' repudiation of all secret agree assurances and noble obligations. But be through all obstacles and has imposed itself ments, which means we have no longer the hind this screen of pacts and treaties Molo upon the conscience of the leaders of the free burden of being in such a false position to tov and Ribbenti:op were proceeqing on world. ward the enslaved countries and our own August 23, 1939, to the brutal partition of The year 1952 has been decisive in this consciences. The door is now open for re Eastern Europe. You know that the secret historical process. When General Eisen- deeming one of the most tragic mistakes of ·agreements concluded between the two at hower, in his speech to the American Legion history. Let us therefore ke~p faith with our that moment gave to the Soviet Union the proclaimed that the American conscience ideals and speak the truth in the proud tra Baltic States. will not be at rest until the enslaved peoples dition of us Americans; let this Nation, un Molotov, 2 months later, stated with his regain their liberty, he was not only stating der God, accuse the Soviet Union with un well-known sincerity: "We declare that all our long due moral position, if we are to be warranted and criminal interference in the nonsense about Sovietizing the Baltic coun faithful to ourselves and to our traditions, domestic affairs of the Baltic States, Lithu tries is only to the interest of our common but he was also recognizing, I believe, the a,nia, Estonia, and Latvia, Poland, Czecho enemies and of all anti-Soviet provocateurs." immense potential of the liberation idea in slovakia, Rumania, Hungary, Bulgaria, and This is the perfect symbol of Soviet political the struggle for achieving international Albania, Eastern Germany, Austria, and ethics and of the value of their international order. China. Yes, of the peoples of the nations commitments. A constructive American policy has there· within the Soviet Union itself. So when the critical moment comes, when fore to take into consideration the converg- As you know, one of the great principles the Soviet respect for treaties is put to the ing interests of the enslaved peoples and of American foreign policy has been and test, the mask is brutally thrown aside and the free world. This cannot be done by the 1s the principle of noninterference. We are the ·genius of evil appears. containment policy which alienates this im- ·against interference in the life of other This happened in . June 1940 when the mense force. "A policy which only aims at peoples. We are solidly behind this princi Soviets invaded Lithuania. It was-estimated containing Russia where it now is, is, in it- pie, we believe 111 it and are decided to do that during the first Soviet occupation over self, an unsound policy," stated Mr. John everything in our power that it be respected, 10,000 Lithuanians were slain and over 40,000 Foster Dulles, Secretary of State, before the that it be true and real. We, therefore, banished to Siberia. Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen- solemnly ask the Soviets and their agents In the last months of 1944 over 37,000 are ate on January 14. "But," added he, "it is to cease their flagrant, their brutal, open, estimated to have been slain or banished to a · policy which is bound to fail because a and tyranical interference in the countries remote p arts of Russia. · purely defensive policy never wins against an behind the Iron Curtain and in China. · we Altogether some 600,000 Lithuanians were aggressive policy. If our only policy 1s to ask that the juridical masquerade, whereby deported to slave-labor camps in Asiatic stay where we are, we will be driven back. the author of the most monstrous inter regions of the Soviet Union. Only 200 of It 1s only by keeping alive the hope of Iibera• ference in the life of free nations is ac the 2,000 priests in the Baltic countries stil_l tion, by taking advantage of that wherever cusing us of interference, be drastically de• survive Soviet persecution against Christian• opportunity arises, that we will end this ter• _ nounced in the United Nations. 4692 CONGRESSIONAL . RECORD ·- HOUSE May 7- It is for all free people, and us in particular, nity and brotherhood and if we look deep ton as a fashion fabric. Members of to accuse and call to account the Soviets. enough into this tragedy of our time, we see If we Americans really believe in the prin no more frontiers, we see no more different the House who attended an all-cotton ciple of noninterference we must work for groups. We see only those who are fighting fashion show held recently by the Na~ the ending of Soviet interference in the life for freedom and justice; on the other side tiona! Cotton Council can readily under of other nations. the infamous gang of those who are bound stand why this is so. Shown were cot What my amendment to the Mutual Se by their complicity in crime and terror to ton dresses of all types-from beach curity Act is doing, is just the beginning of fight for tyranny and oppression. This is wear to formal evening wear-made of an action in this direction. We want to the decisive, the global struggle of humanity, cotton fabrics. that defy description. It help people in their defense against inter the struggle of· faith against subhuman ma is no wonder that American women, the ference, against the most cruel and barbarous terialism, the struggle of freedom against interference history has ever seen. Inter jungle despotism. Blessed be those, who, most critical buyers in the world, are ference by Soviet military occupation, in like Lithuania, were from the beginning turning more and more to cotton to meet terference by imposing puppet governments soldiers of freedom and truth under God. their clothing needs. of Soviet agents, interference by annexa In connection with National Cotton tion, interference by exploitation and inter Week, the Department of Agriculture is ference by Sovietization, interference in every NATIONAL COTTON WEEK holding an exhibit in the patio of the step, every phase of human life, interference Administration Building depicting all even in the soul of inen, this is the inter Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, I ask ference which we are fighting against, this phases of cotton production and market unanimous consent to address the House ing. All Members of Congress are in fs the Soviet interference which we demand for 1 minute and to revise and extend should cease. my remarks. vited to stop at the Department to see You know of the Soviet interference on this show. The exhibit will be formally June 14, 1940, at 11 p. m. when the ulti The SPEAKER. Is there objection to opened Friday, at 2:30 p. m. by Secre matum was given to Lithuania? You know the request of the gentleman from tary Benson and it will remain open that the reply was expected before 10:30 Arkansas? next week from 11 a. m. until 5 p. m., a. m. on June 15, but that even before the There was no objection. - Monday through_Thursday. expiration of this term, armored units of the Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, it is In closing, Mr. Speaker, I wish to re Red Army and cavalry divisions, 300,000 men appropriate for me today to call the in all, poured into Lithuania. The legal mind Members of thiS House that cot government was dismissed and a new gov attention of the House to the fact that ton's secure place in the economy of our ernment composed of Moscow stooges was National Cotton Week will be observed country did not just happen. Behind 11 16. ins~alled, then so-called elections for the May to May This annual event, this success are years of intensive and people's diet was staged and the incorpora conceived and promoted by the National effective promotional, educational, and tion into the Soviet Union proclaimed on Cotton Council, typifies the efforts of research activities and on the eve of Na August 3, 1940, by the Supreme Soviet in this great industry to work out its own tional Cotton Week I wish to commend Moscow. You surely remember that on June salvation. Through the medium of Na 30, 1940, Mr. Molotov bluntly declared to leaders of the industry for their initia tional Cotton Week, the consuming pub tive and enterprise in solving many of Prof. Kreve-Mickevicius, vice premier of the lic is made aware of the great advan Lithuanian puppet government that "th~ their own problems. traditional Russian policy, practiced since tages of cotton, of the many new and the days of Ivan the Terrible, necessitated revolutionary develo:pments that have the incorporation of Lithuania into the occurred in the growing and processing B'NAI B'RITH Soviet Union." Was that not interference? of cotton in recent years. The consum Was that not aggression? What happened Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, I ask ing public is reminded once again that unanimous consent to address the House simultaneously in Estonia and Latvia? Let cotton richly deserves the title of the each of us Americans look for one moment for 1 minute and to revise and extend into the greatest tragedy caused by Soviet world's most versatile fiber. my remarks. brutal interference and aggression of man The production, marketing, and proc The SPEAKER. Is there objection to kind. Let us follow on a map the heart essing of cotton is one of the country's the request of the gentleman from breaking forced migrations of millions to major industries. The cash value ·of Pennsylvania? ward the Kazakk Desert at Karaganda, to the crop ranges between three and four ward Lake Baikal in Siber.ia, to the concen billion dollars annually and several ad There was no objection. tration camps of Dalstroi in the Far East, ditional' billions are realized by the peo Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, accord the Yagry group in the Archangel region and ing to the May 4 edition of the New York the groups in Lapland, Novaya, Zemlya, Sak ple who handle the lint, oil, and other products. About one third of the coun.:. Times, the national chairman of the halin, and Kamchatka, and farther on in the Antidefamation League of B'Nai B'rith Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and the Arctic re try's farms grow cotton and, roughly, gions. Let each of us bow ·down before this 13 milliort people are dependent wholly is quoted as saying that the new immi immense suffering and pray God to help and or to a great extent upon cotton for a gration law is "an area in American law guide us that we may be able to do our part livelihood. where the leaders of the lunatic fringe, in bringing it to an end. Thus, it is obvious that the prosperity the anti-Semite, the Fascist, and the Yes, my friends, it is in this way that _we of this great agricultur.al industry is of Communist can look with pleasure upon reach the core of th~ matter. If we brmg what he sees." hope to this empire of the dead, If we come vital concern to every persOn in the . with faith in their liberation we can call country. Prosperous cotton farmers Mr. Herman Edelsberg, who is the once more to life those tremendous spiritual provide a rich market for the products local representative, called on me.yester forces of the enslaved which we are on the of our mills and factories. Conversely day, on his own initiative, and assured verge of losing by abandoning them, our speaking, if cotton farmers suffer finan me that the chairman of his organiza brothers. This is the dramatic significance cial reverses and are unable to buy the· tion had been misquoted. of a message of liberation which will restore things they need and want, the effects I am sw·e the American people will be their confidence in us and so create that very happy to know that that is the fac·t, brotherhood so indispensable in the fight are felt through the entire American for human liberty. Ladies and gentlemen, economy. because otherwise there would be reper permit me before concluding, to pay once It is pertinent and significant that cussions which might be very unfortu more homage to your nation. I see in your through promotional activities such as nate. trials, .besides the glorious example of a National Cotton Week the industry it little and heroic people fighting for its sur self has succeeded in retaining its old LEGISLATIVE, PROGRAM vival, also a symbol-the symbol of the markets and winning new ones against decisive moments .in history, the symbol of Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, I ask the few and the faithful fighting against the competition of manmade fibers. unanimous consent to address the House terrific odds, for truth and justice, which The industry itself has developed an ag for 1 minute. are not yet seen by the numerous and the gressive program of these activities. The SPEAKER. Is there objection to lukewarm. I see in your fight the image of The industry is ever alert to the possi the request of the gentleman from Indi those who always led the human striving for bilities of expanding cotton's markets ana? right and freedom. I see those who were through promotion and research. One There was no objection. ignored and isolated in the beginning of of the most convincing examples of the Mr. HALLECK. Mr. Speaker, earlier their fight, but whose fight brought eventu success of the industry's promotion cam in announcing the program for next ally to humanity freedom and progress, dig- paigns is th~ growing acceptance of cot- week, I expressed the hope that the 195'3 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE' 4693 Treasury and Post Office appropriation Department granted to Army enlisted On April 27, 1898, Captain Cotton's bill, which would be filed on Wednesday, personnel who had served in the Span naval permit was hoisted, the crew of the could be taken up on Thursday and ish-American War a furlough of 30 days Harvard questioned, and personnel not Friday of next week. Since that time if their· service had been in the United accepted by the Navy sent ashore. The contact has been made with certain States, and 60 days if their service had others were lined up on the deck and Members who have heretofore objected been overseas. Such furlough was in informally sworn in by Lieutenant Beal, to such a request. I have been informed the nature of a "bounty," but this fur United States 'Navy, of Captain Cotton's in view of the fact that there is no con lough time later was credited toward staff. troversy about this bill, no objection will pension. On April 30, 1898, the Harvard sailed be made. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I By virtue of General Order .No. 130 under sealed orders and played a con ask unanimous consent that it may be in overseas enlisted men of the Army who spicuous part in .the discovery and run order on Thursday and Friday of next actually served only 30 days are credited ning into Santiago Harbor of Cervera's week to consider the Treasury and Post with 90 days' service and are eligible for Spanish fleet. On June 22, 1898, the Office appropriation bill. · pensions. oath again was administered to the crew, The SPEAKER. Is there objection to There were sound reasons to justify this time formally, and it is this date the request of the gentleman from this extension by furlough of the period which is official in the records. Indiana? of actual service. It is unneces~ary to As the Harvard was decommissioned Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. go into them now. The present con on September 2, 1898, the crew members Speaker, reserving the right to object. cern is to remove the discrimination are credited with only 73 days service, Has the gentleman from Indiana any against naval personnel. I have intro ·17 days short of the requisite 90 days for information as to when the other body duced H. R. 4490 for that purpoEe. pension rights. · Actually they had will pass all these bills, if we get them The United States Government was served 128- days. through so that w.e may make some served by both branches of the armed U. S. S. "YALE" plans as to adjournment? service. Under General Order No. 130, After the surrender of Santiago the Mr. HALLECK. May I say to the service credit for furlough time has been 33d Michigan returned /to Montauk gentleman from Michigan, we are very given to the Ai·my. Similar credit has Point, N.Y., on the U. S. S. Yale. The anxious to get these bills over to the never been granted to the Navy. It is the Yale had been in commission since April .other body so there will be at least some .purpose of H. R. 4490 to correct an in 27, 1898, when her crew was informally pressure on that body to act on them. equity by placing individuals who served sworn in as in the case of the Harvard. I join with the gentleman in expressing in the temporary forces of the United In May of 1898 her capture of the Span hope that we can get through with our States Navy during the Spanish-Ameri ish ship Rita filled the ·front pages of business in the House and adjourn. · · can War in the same status as those who American newspapers. ·Because the Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, served in the Army. formal swearing in of her crew mem reserving the right to object, and I shall The Spanish-American War period bers was delayed until the job at hand not object because it is perfectly agree was one of confusion in records, infor had been done these veterans are cred able to me, there is only one observation mality in procedures, and a complete ited with only .73 days' service whereas I want to make for the RECORD-I do lack of coordination as it is known today. they actually served 126 days. not want to leave .the RECORD stand that This accounts for what amounted to a U. S. S. "ST. LOUIS" there may not be any controversy on the violation by inadvertence of the Ameri bill. There might be. can tradition that the Army and the With the U. S. S. St. Louis the facts Mr. HALLECK. At least there was no Navy hold equal place in our regard. were similar. The St. Louis, under heavy controversy in committee. After 55 years it should be corrected. fire, cut the cables around Cuba, cutting The SPEAKER. Is there objection to Sound public policy, no less than a sense Cuba off from the outside world. Then the request of the gentleman from of fair dealing with the Army arid the she captured the Spanish steamer Twick Indiana? Navy in a spirit of impartiality, com enham loaded with coal for the Spanish There was no objection. mands that General Order No. 130 fleet. She was kept so busy doing the should be made applicable to the men of job at hand/that the formality of swear the Navy as well as to the men.of the ing in the men was delayed until the SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED Army. That is all that is sought by emergency was over. The r:esult is that Mr. MADDEN asked and was given H. R. 4490. although the men on the St. Louis served permission to address the House for 20 · The bill, if enacted, would affect pos for 128 days they are officially credited minutes today, following the legislative sibly 20 veterans. All of these veterans with less than the requisite 90 days. business of the day and the conclusion of actually served in combat areas for at U. S . S. "ST. PAUL" special orders heretofore granted. least four months, but because of an in Of the four ships available for naval formality in swearing in-characteristic operations in the crisis existing-Cer of the period, but difficult for the present vera's Spanish fleet, it must be remem SPANISH WAR PENSIONS generation to understand-are credited bered, was at large on the open sea Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, with some 17 days short of the requisite the U.S. S. St. Paul alone took time for I ask unanimous request to address the 90 days for pension rights. It was in the the formality of swearing in. On April Hou~e for 1 minute. course of my efforts in behalf of these 16, 1898, Captain Sigsbee, United States The SPEAKER. Is there objection to naval veterans that I learned of General Navy, took over command, formally en the request of the gentleman from Illi Order No. 130 and the discrimination by listed his crew, and sailed from New nois? inadvertence against the Navy of the York on May 15, 1898. The ship was de There was no objection. Spanish-American War, which wrote commissioned September 2, 1898. All Mr. O ' HA R.t~ of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, such a brilliant page iii American history. those on the St. Paul received the pen I think the war vet-erans in this body will U. S. S. "HARVARD" sion based upon a 90-day minimum be interested in H. R. 4490, and the rea My deep personal interest stems from service, and on their deaths their wid son for its introduction. It may come as the following: ows received the pension. It is interest a surpri ~ e to them, as it was to me, to On June 22, 1898, I embarked-with ing to note here that by May 15, 1898, learn that in the matter of Spanish War the 33d Michigan Volunteer Infantry the date of the sailing of the St. Paul, pensions there is a discrimination be the St. Louis had already been under fire, tween Navy veterans and Army veterans. and part of the 9th Massachusetts-at Old !'oint Comfort, Va., on the U. S. S. the Yale had engaged and captured a An Army veteran with 30 days' over Spanish pri.z.e, and the Harvard had dis seas service may obtain a pension. A Harvard, which after landing us on the Naval Veteran whose entire service may beach off Siboney, Cuba, joined Admiral covered the Spanish fleet at Martinique. have been in active operations at sea Sampson's fleet in the blockade of San The naval volunteers who served in must h ave a minimum service record of tiago. Prior to that time, and since April the temporary forces beyond the limits 90 days. 27, 1898, the U. S. S. Harvard had been of the United States, and who would be It happened this way: On August 28, in active naval duty under command of affected by H. R. 4490, has now dwindled 1898, General Order No. 130 of the War Capt. C. S. Cotton, United States Navy. to some 20. 4694 (:ONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE May 7 PURPOSE OF H. ·a. 4490 We have asked the Committees on agencies, rural consumers and rural While the feeling in the Congress has Public Works of the House and the Sen electrification co-ops. been friendly, previous bills calculated ate to include consideration of this bill Our bill carries out these purposes by to correct a palpable injustice have been in any hearings scheduled on the subject providing for Federal construction of the objected to on the grounds that (a) they of power development at the Niagara. Niagara project and for turning over sought to legislate in the field wherein The only other bill now pending before this project to the State of New York the Congress had voted authority in the the committee is a measure which would under proper safeguards of the national Board for the Correction of Naval Rec authorize the turning over of the Niagara and consumer interests, upon repayment ords, and (b) they might establish a waterpower potential to private inter to the Federal Government of the cost precedent applicable to, and to a larger ests. It is inconceivable to us that the of construction. extent in, the care of veterans of later Congress would seriously contemplate In the 82d Congress there was a third wars. giving away to private interests the pre proposal supported by the New York I appreciate the validity of such 'objec cious resource of the Niagara River, the Power Authority, authorizing the con tions. H. R. 4490 I am assured is not development of which under public aus struction of the project by New York subject to either of said objections. I pices for the public benefit is so clearly State, but without safeguards of the na understand that it meets with the ap indicated as part of our traditional na-· tional and consumer interests. We felt proval of the Board for the Correction tiona! power policy. These waters were that this propqsal was a disguised at of Naval Records. It merely goes back made available for power development tempt to make the power available to to 1898 and puts the naval veterans and by the exercise of the sovereign treaty private utilities at the bus bar, thus Army veterans on exactly the same foot making powers of the United States robbing the public of the benefit of low ing, without favor to one group or dis Government. Under the terms of the cost hydroelectric power development crimination against another group. It treaty the Niagara development must and the protection of the safeguards al is, in substance, an amendment to Gen have a double purpose: (a) To preserve ready referred to. Now, this year the eral Order No. 130, making it apply alike and enhance the scenic beauties of disguise is thrown away. The New to Navy an~ to Army. Such doubtless . Niagara Falls, and United States, including corporations, part• ~. WOLCO'IT. I yield to the gen . Mr. GROSS. If the gentleman will nerships, and associations organized and tleman from Iowa. yield further, the phrase in the bill is existing under the laws of the Uni~ed States Mr. GROSS. Is there any prohibi or any State, ' district, Territory, or posses "friendly foreign country.'' Would that sion thereof, against the risks of loss of tion in the bill that would stop indemnifi apply to Yugoslavia, for instance? or damage to tangible personal property of cation of machine tools located in a fac Mr. WOLCO'IT. . I do not know. I United States origin which is exported from tory that was shipped overseas, and think we must take into consideration the United States in commercial intercourse stored in a factory in some foreign coun that the National Advisory Council, and is in transit to or located in any friendly try? which is the umbrella over all the financ- · foreign country, to the extent that such loss Mr. .WOLCO'IT. Yes. The gentle or damage results from hostile or warlike ing agencies of the United States Gov man means not warehoused for resale? ernment, financing foreign loans, ship action in time of peace or war, including Mr. GROSS. That is right; not for civil war, revolution, rebellion, insurrection, ments, and insurance, is the advisory or civil strife arising therefrom, or from an resale, but used in a factory. council of the Export-Import Bank. The order of any government or public authority Mr. WOLCOTT. No. They would not. Secretary of State is a member of the confiscating, expropriating or requisitioning then be in commercial intercourse. National Advisory Council, so I presume such property and to the- extent that such Mr. GROSS. Where is the prohibi· that in determining whether a -foreign property is owned in whole or in part by the tion? country is a friendly country the ad assured or constitutes security for financial Mr. WOLCO'IT. In lines 4 and G on ministrators of this law, who will be obligations owed to the assured. page 2, which reads "which is exported "(2) Insurance may 'be provided pursuant the Board of the Export-Import Bank, from the United States in commercial would consult with the National Advisory to this subsection only· to the extent that intercourse." it cannot be obtained on reasonable terms Council and get the benefit, of course, of and conditions from companies authorized to The goods to which the gentleman re .. State Department thinking in respect to do an insurance business in any State of the fers would not be in commercial inter whether a country classifies as a friendly United States and to the extent that it can course. country. not be obtained from any agency of the Mr. GROSS. Suppose they were ma· Mr. GROSS. Who asked for this bill? United States Government providing marine chine tools shipped to Ford automobile or air war-risk insurance. Mr. WOLCOTT. Representatives of plants in Paris or somewhere in Eng the Department of Commerce testified, ''(3) In providing insurance pursuant to land? this subsection, the Bank may reinsure in and the Department of Agriculture. It whole or in part any company authorized to . Mr. WOLCOTT. They would not be in is cleared with Treasury, and cleared do an insurance business in any State of the commercial intercourse. Whenever title with the administration generally. I United States or may employ any such com passed to the Ford people at wherever personally cleared it with the Treasury pany or group of companies to act as its un the Ford plant is located this insurance Department. We had statements that derwriting agent in the issuance of such would no longer apply. the bill was advocated by the Depart insurance and the adjustment of claims Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. ment of Commerce, but I think primarily arising thereunder. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? .. ( 4) Subject to the limitations herein pro it was sponsored by the Department of Mr. WOLCO'IT. I yield to the gen Agriculture. vided, the Bank shall from time to tiJlle de tleman from Minnesota. termine the terms and conditions under Mr. GROSS. Has the gentleman which it will provide insurance pursuant to Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. I would stated why the private insurance com this subsection: Provided, however, That like to get the gentleman's answer to panies will not insure these goods? such insurance shall be based, insofar as this question: We will say t.hat Ander· - Mr. WOLCO'IT. Yes, because they practicable, upon consideration of the risk son Clayton Co. ships abroad $100 mil are not set up to do it, but they do in involved: And provided further, That the lion worth of cotton and stores it in sure shipments in transit. If you will term of coverage of any such insurance shall other countries of the world. Can that not exceed 1 year, subject to renewal or ex cotton be insured at full value up to the · read section 2 of the bill, you will find tension from time to time for periods of not $100 million; apd if so, for ·how long? the following language: exceeding 1 year as may be determined by · (2) Insurance may be provided pursuant the Bank." Mr. WOLCOTT. That is left to the to this subsection only to the extent that it discretion of the Export-Import Bank. cannot be obtained on reasonable terms and Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I move I do not think I have made it clear that conditions from companies authorized to do to strike out the last word. these goods are insured against loss only an insurance business in any State of the Mr. Speaker, this bill very simply au~ from hostile or warlike action which oc· United States and to the extent that it can thorizes the Export-Import Bank to in- curs in time of peace or war, including not be obtained from any agency of the sure exports of goods which move in for- civil war, revolution, rebellion, insurrec United States Government providing marine eign trade. It does not insure the goods tion, or civil strife arising therefrom, or or air war-risk insurance. while in transit until they get to the for.. from an order of any Government ·or Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, will the eign country. Now private insurance public authority confiscating, expropri . gentleman yield? companies and Government under .wa~· ating, or requisitioning such property. Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield. risk insurance cover these goods while m The purpose of the bill is to insure Mr. HUNTER. I would like to say to transit on the ocean and for 15 days these exports against losses due to ex the gentleman from Iowa that this after they arrive at the port of destina- propriation, revolution, civil war, or acts particular bill has the full support of the tion. When they are unloaded at the of a hostile or warlike nature. So I pre-· sume there would be a limitation upon Department of Agriculture, and it is also port of destination they can apply for the. amount of cotton or the amount of· supported by producers of such crops as insurance under this act. any other commodity warehoused abroad. wheat, cotton, and tobacco, which are The purpose of this bill is to move I m-ight say also that we took into con- exported in large quantities. The domes American goods abroad which are now sideration the question of premiums. tic economy in those fields depends to a not moving: It applies particularly to The premiums may vary from country to very great extent on our success in ex cotton and tobacco and other agricul- country. This is no actuarial history. portip.g such crops. At the present time, tural commodities, but it is not limited They have had no experience in this type insurance is not available to the extent to agricultural commodities, so in prac.. of insurance. They cannot now put a that it is needed. "t understand that the tice and in effect all goods which are to present evaluation upon the probable only offer of this type of insurance was be warehoused abroad and are not sent losses. T.hey will have to feel their way from Lloyds of London, but the rates to a foreign consignee can be insured so along on h. So the premiums which are quoted make it prohibitive. . long as the title to the goods is in a citi- . to be paid are to be set under regulations Mr. WOLCOTT. Lloyds will insure zen of the United States abroad. by the Export-Import Bank, taking into anything, if you pay a high enough . . . . consideration the probable losses. Of I thmk It nnght be recogruzed that our . course, the premiums constitute a limi· premium. e?Cport. of cotton has fallen .dow~ mate.. tation upon the length of time the cotton Mr. GROSS. The gentleman from nally m recent years. This Will allow · or other commodity can be profitably California surely is not saying that this the cotton exporters to warehouse cot- warehoused abroad. . bill applies only to agricultural products ton abroad for the purpose of moving Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Then, because there is no such statement in .into the foreign markets upon demand. as I understand, it does not cover spoil- the bill. Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the ;· age, or deterioration, or loss by fire?. Mr. WOLCOTT. I do not think he gentleman yield? - , .. Mr. WO;LCOTT. No. , intended to make that statement, and 1 ~698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD :-:HOUSE May 7 I made the statement most definitely from my reading of the bill and the re terests. This bill would, in my opinion, .that although the purposes of the bill port, that even if the Government does stimulate and facilitate exports of a primarily were .to move agricultural go in to the extent of 100 percent to number of our agricultural commodities. commodities, the bill is not limited to make this insurance if the private insur .. It could also be used for manufactured agricultural commodities, but applies to ance companies are willing to take part articles which are able to qualify. all exports. of the insurance, they may do so through The present administration and the Mr. GROSS. I know the gentleman the Export-Import Bank. business people of this country fully from Michigan made that statement. Mr. WOLCOTT. Yes. realize that something must be done to :But I gathered from the statement made Mr. COLMER. Mr. Speaker, will the regain our export trade. Thus, this bill by the gentleman from California that gentleman yield? is endorsed by the Directors of the Ex he was confining it to agricultural prod Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield. port-Import Bank, by the Secretary of ucts. There is no such definite state· Mr. COLMER. From my reading Of Commerce, by the Department of Agri .. ment in the bill. the bill and the report, which is very culture, by the American Farm Bureau Mr. HUNTER. What I said was that brief, I got the distinct impression that Federation, by the National Cotton the bill was supported by the Depart· the object of this whole legislation is to Council, by the National Council of ment of Agriculture and by the produ give our farmers and producers an op Farmer Cooperatives, by the banks, by cers of the crops which I enumerated. portunity to have their goods on the the Cotton Shippers Association, by the The SPEAKER. The time of the ground in these foreign ports so that United States Treasury, and by the State gentleman from Michigan [Mr. WoL· they will have a better opportunity to Department, and it was voted out of the coTT J has expired. compete with other countries in the dis Banking and Currency Committee by Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, I position of our farm products and manu unanimous vote. ask unanimous consent that the gentle factured goods. The continued prosperity of American man from Michigan may be permitted Mr. WOLCOTT. That is correct. agriculture may depend to a large meas .. to proceed for 2 additional minutes. Mr. COLMER. I thank the gentle ure on our ability to maintain agricul.. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without man. tur~l exports in the future. Since agri objection, it is so ordered. Mr. WOLCOTT. Instead of selling culture provides the largest single- mar .. There was no objection. f. a. s. New York or Baltimore, they ket outlet for the industries of this Mr. McCORMACK. Mr. Speaker, will sell f. o. b. their warehouse in the for country, the prosperity of the entire the gentleman yield? eign country and thereby take advan· economy will be influenced by the level Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield. tage of the · market in the foreign of agricultural exports. Mr. McCORMACK. The gentleman country. The dependence of agriculture on ex.. from Iowa made a very sound and per Mr. BROWN of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, port markets is illustrated by the figures tinent inquiry to which the gentleman I move to strike out the last two words. 'for some of the principal crops. United from Michigan· replied that if private States ·has been exporting over half of insurance companies could not insure in Mr. SPENCE. Mr. Speaker, I ask its rice, over 40 percent of its wheat, connection with this business, then the unanimolJ_s consent that the gentleman better than a third of its cotton, at least Government would, is that correct? from Georgia [Mr. BRoWN] may proceed one-fourth of its tobacco, approximately Mr. WOLCOTT. That is right. for 5 additional minutes. one-fourtn of its fats and oils, and from Mr. McCORMACK. And even where The SPEAKER pro tempore pipeline of cotton is about 1 million ~he SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there tional law. It ' deprecates· any action by a bales below normal, a condition which objection to- the request of the gentleman member state to uphold the rights of its na our foreign customers are powerless, to from Iowa? · tionals against the confiscation of invest~ · ments made in good faith.· a great extent, to meet. Foreign spin~ There was no objection. If this resolution reflects prevailing views ners do not have the dollars with which The SPEAKER pro tempore. The of busines morality and the rights and needs to buy the American cotton, credit is gentleman from Iowa is recognized for of free peoples, the prospects for ·industrial difficult to obtain and when available 10 minutes. progress and higher standards of living in is too costly. Also, the spinners are Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, now that underdeveloped nations through investment fearful of building up stocks on their all the political woes of the country have of private capital are dim. · own because they cannot hedge on the been settled, I think w'e should get back The [U. N.J resolution as drawn up by the future market against·possible price de~ to the bill before us and which author Economic .and Financial Committee de. clines and they cannot afford risking clared: izes the establishment of a fund of $100 "The General Assembly • • • remember large inventory losses. American cot~ miliion-no small amount-for the al~ ing that the right of peoples freely to use ton exporters are anxioUs to tak~ the leged purpose of indemnifying exporters and exploit their natural wealth and, re responsibility for rebuilding the depleted who in their dealings with so-called sources is inherent in their spv_ereignty and stocks; they are handicapped by tJ;le lack friendly foreign countries may suffer loss is in accordance with the purposes and of an adequate insurance against so or damage as a result of civil war, revo principles of the Charter of the United Na~ called political risks. Given the proper lution, rebellion, insurrection, civil strife, tions; recommends all member states, in the insurance for which they are willing tO · exercise of their right freely to use and ex or expropriation, which means nationali~ ploit their natural · wealth and resources pay reasonable and adequate premiums, zation. wherever deemed desirable by them for their the shippers, in cooperation with banks, Which are the friendly nations we are own progress and economic development, to can ship the needed cotton abroad, thus going to deal with under the terms of this have due regard, consistently with their sov relieving the foreign buyers of the ne bill? No one seems to have an answer. ereignty, to the need for the maintenance cessity of further depleting their supply Is it Argentina? Is it Yugoslavia.? Is of mutual confidence and economic coopera of dollars and the Mutual Security it Spain? In each of those countries tion among nations; recommends further all Agency of a share of its problems. member states to refrain from acts, direct or there is a dictator who on 15 minutes' indirect, designed to impede the exercise of · second, properly insured against po notice could confiscate or expropriate the the sovereignty of any state over its natural litical risks, cotton could be stored in property which you propose here to in~ resources." ports abroad for use by foreign spinners demnify to the extent of $100 million. as they need it. Also foreign spinners Why is this sort of bill necessary? Continuing, the Guaranty Trust Co. . could select the grade and quality they The gentleman from Georgia [Mr. says: desire, placing American cotton in a de BROWN], speaking a few .minutes ago, The resolution is objectionable for what cided competitive · advantage since said we suffer no loss in this bill unless it omits as much as for what it contains. growths of other countries are not af we have an all-out war. I do not think No one questions the right of a sovereign forded equal protection. The net effect he means that precisely-that the only state to take private property for public use. will be to increase consumption of Amer Capital flows to borrowers with acceptable occasion by which we can suffer a loss credit standing. Investors require a fair op ican cotton, particularly by mills oper~ under this bill would be from all-out .war. portunity to earn a profit, and the right to ating on a day-to-day basis. . I say again that any of these dictators bring the profit home. They must be able Third. The insurance program will could confiscate or expropriate anything to liquidate their investments in case such enable American cotton shippers to sell shipped to their countries. a course becomes necessary. They need a on deferred terms or cash on arrival. Why the need for this bill? We have politico-economic climate in which contracts This also will strengthen the competi are performed and private rights are re spent some $120 billion upon our so spected. tive position of American cotton- ov.er called friends since 1940, yet we have no other growths. Foreign mills will not favorable climate for private investment; There is no such climate despite all have to use their operating capital, or we have no favorable climate for foreign the billions of dollars extracted from arrange costly credit, to pay for cottqn trade among these so-called fri~ndly na American taxpayers for so-called foreign in advance of shipment as is now the tions. Let me cite· ·to you for just a aid. Let us read further in reference to case. This will, in effect, offset to some moment the February issue of what is American investors: degree the price advantage enjoyed ·by known as the Guaranty Survey, pub They are prepared to incur the ordinary foreign growths. lished by the Guaranty ·Trust Co. of New· risks of business enterprise, but not such The impressive fact about the com York-no small crossroads bank but a political hazards as confiscation, arbitrary mittee hearings on the bill is that it bank with assets of $3,149,000,000, and exchange ·rates and restrictions, and other attracted almost unanimous ·support. which has branch banks in London, ruinous measures completely beyond their The Administration strongly endorsed control and foresight. Lip service to "the Paris, Brussels, and perhaps other places need for maintaining the flow of capital in it as fitting perfectly into its efforts to in Europe. What 'does the Guaranty conditions of security, of mutual confidence promote free world trade and lessen the Trust Co., through the Guaranty Survey, and economic cooperation among nations" demand for economic aid. Cotton ship its publication, say about foreign invest~ is not enough. What is needed is explicit pers and the banks which finance the ments in its February issue? and unconditional assurance against govern shippers convincingly demonstrated that Listen to what it says: mental policies that contravene long-ac cepted standards of honesty and !air dealing. the lack of an adeq~ate onshore war The outlook for the economic development risk insurance program is limiting their of the free world has received a serious set That· is what we should insist on in efforts to step up sales abroad. The back at the hands of the United Nations, an connection with foreign trade. Please cotton farmer endorsed the bill as the organization that has not .only professed to a'tisorb this additional paragraph by the most logical plan advanced thus far to favor such development but in some ways has gone to considerable lengths to pro Guaranty '!:rust Co.: increase the foreign market for his It is an understatement to say that the product. Furthermore; I am convinced· mote it. By an overwhelming majority the U. N. United Nations resolution gives no such as this legislation would be fair to all General Assembly has adopted a resolution surance. On the contrary, its effect must be groups in the cotton export business. approving the nationalization of economic to make worse an international investment In fact, it would definitely . help the resources by member states. · The resolution· climate that is already bad. The chief vic smaller firms, because with the insur · does no·t contain a word in defense of private tims of this ill-advised action will be the . ance behind them, the smaller firms can enterprise. economically retarded countries that voted secure the necessary financing, now for it. These · are the countries that most · Remember, thil' resolution was passed need foreign capital but that seem ready, denied to them, to sell on a cash on ar~ by the U. N. only a few months ago. in some cases at least, to commit economic rival basis, or to store cotton abroad, The United States delegation voted suicide rather than admit it on fair terms. placing them in a better competitive against it, but it passed anyway, and so position with the larger firms. Mr. Speaker, I say that this bill is . . we are stuck with it. Now the Guaranty loosely worded; that we are embarking This is a bill which deserves speedy· Survey continues: passage by the Congress. · here upon something that can come back It does not mention the rights of private to haunt us in setting up a fund of $100 Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, I move to investors who have risked their savings in strike out the last word ·and ask unani~ the development of such resources. It says million to in effect subsidize exporters. mous consent to speak for 5 additional nothing about the sanctity of contracts or Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, will the minutes. the long-established principles of interna- gentleman yield?. 4706 Mr. GROSS. I yield to the gentleman· There was no objection. recognize the fact that through some from Michigan. The Clerk read the bill, as follows: bootlegging process perhaps some rice Mr. WOLCOTT. I might call the at·. Be it enacted, etc., That section 12 of the and some other commodities get to our tention of the gentleman to the fact that Export Control Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 7), as enemies, but this is a program which pre· as I understand it he is reading from the amended by Public Law 33, 82d Congress vents the flow of goods to our unfriendly h G t T ust ( 65 Stat. 43) , is hereby amended by striking ·monthly le tter 0 f t e uaran Y r out "1953" and inserting in lieu thereof_ nations, we might put it that way. It Co.? ''1956." has been recognized as a very efficient Mr. GROSS. That is right. and very effective program to prevent Mr. WOLCOTT. In opposition to this Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I move the movement of American ·goods into bill? to strike out the last word. unfriendly hands. The export control Mr. GROSS. No ~ . in opposition to a Mr. Speaker, this bill extends the Ex- program also permits us to channel resolution by the United Nations General port Control Act of 1949 for 3 years. I goods which are in short supply to our Assembly. think the report speaks pretty well for friends abroad. l\4r. WOLCOTT. I thought the gen- itself. We have had export controls Mr. BAILEY. I thank the gentleman tleman was speaking in opposition to since about 1940, and they have been from Michigan. I was asking for infor· the bill. used primarily to protect the domestic mation and I got it. Mr. GROSS. I am speaking in oppo- economy from excessive drains of scarce Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the sition to this bill and citing the reasons commodities and safeguard the national gentleman yield? why apparently this legislation is security insofar as it might be adversely Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield to the gentle-· brought in. That is, because there is affected by exports of strategic commod man from Iowa.· an unfriendly climate abroad. I am try- . ities, and to further our foreign ·policy. Mr. GROSS. Does the gentleman feel ing to point out that there is no favor- I think this program is so well known under the present law the Secretary of able climate for foreign investments and that further explanation is not required. Commerce is compelled to go too often no favorable climate for the acceptance Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, will the on too much of a bended knee to the of our goods in foreign trade. gentleman yield? Secretary of State to make the export Mr. WOLCOTT. I should like to call Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield to tne gentle- program of the United States conform attention to the fact that William A. Me- man from Iowa. to foreign policies? Gregor, vice president of the Guaranty Mr. GROSS. Congress has been ex Mr. WOLCOTT. Under a republic Trust Co. of New York, appearing in be- tending this act for 1 year. I believe there must be a coordination of thinking, half of H. R. 4465, said that he thought · this extends it for 3 years; is that right? there must be a coordination of action. it would stimulate the export of certain Mr. WOLCOTT. That is right. We Under our sytem of government as l American products, cotton being one of have extended it for 2 years on occasion. understand it, the President is the co the most important items. Mr. GROSS. Why the 3-year ~xten- ordinator over the different executive Mr. GROSS. I repeat to the gentle- sian, if I may ask? departments of the Government. Of man that I did not say that the Guar- Mr. WOLCOTT. I think that they course, we might expect that there will anty Trust Co. was opposed to this par- justified the 3-year extension, because be consultation among all of the depart ticular bill. It is opposed to the adoption it authorizes the exporters to plan fur ments of the Government in respect to of a resolution in the United Nations ther into the future. As a matter of policy, the President himself peing the General Assembly which says in effect, fact, they wanted a 5-year extension. coordinator of those policies. So if the that the foreign countries which voted It has been the impression that if we· President suggests to the Secretary of for this resolution in the General Assem- are going to take up the slack when and Commerce that the Secretary of Com bly have the right to confiscate or ex- if there is any cut-back in defense pro· merce consult with the State Depart· propriate property, which includes, per- duction, we will take up that slack ment, or the Department pf Agriculture, haps, plants that we build and finance through the production of ·heavy and that is up to him in the process of coordi· in those foreign countries, and an ap-. light consumer goods, many of which will nating the program. - parently unlimited variety of export be exported. Mr. GROSS. I think our export pro· goods. In view of the material which I In order to give industry an oppor gram ought to be based on what is good have quoted from the Guaranty Trust tunity to plan their marketing, to bring for Ame~ic~:qs and not what is good for Co., it seems inconceivable that the it into line with their proposed planning foreigners. company's vice president would testify of production, the 3-year period is sug in favor of such a bill as this, unless the gested. Also, the' authority contained in Mr. WOLCOTT. It surely is not good measure is looked upon as a program the bill should be continued for security for Americans to be channeling these to guarantee bank loans made to ex- purposes. American products into enemy hands and that is what this program seeks u;. po~~!s. SPEAKER pro tempore. The Mr. BAILEY. Mr. Speaker, will the prevent. gentleman yield? time of the gentleman from Iowa has Mr. WOLCOTT. I yield to the gentle- Mr. GROSS. I heartily agree with the expired. . · gentleman. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I move man from West Virginia. Mr. WOLCO'IT. Mr. Speaker, I move the previous question. Mr. BAILEY. I had the pleasure of the previous question. The previous question was ordered. li~tening to a part of the testimony of The previous question was ordered. The bill was ordered to be engrossed the president of the National Grange be and read a third time, was read the third fore the Committee on Ways and ·Means The bill was ordered to be engrossed time, and passed, and a motion to recon- this morning. He was complaining and read a third time, was read the third time, and passed, and a motion to recon sider was laid on the.table. there that the plight of agriculture that sider was laid on the table. House Resolution 222 was laid on the has developed over the past few months table. is to a certain extent attributable to the House.Resolution 224 was laid on the program of licensing of exports, and he table. Mr. WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask EXTENSION OF THE EXPORT CON· mentioned as an illustration the fact that they had an opportunity to sell rice unanimous consent for the immediate TROL AC'f OF 1949 abroad but under this export licensing consideration of the bill (S. 1739) ·to pro Mr: WOLCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I ask plan they could not even sell it abroad. · vide for continuation of authority for unanimous consent for ·the immediate Will the gentleman explain that? regulation of exports, and for other pur poses. - consideration of the bill (H. R. 4882) to Mr. WOLCOTT. Yes. We all know provide for continuation of authority for the president of the National Grange, The Clerk read the title of the bill. regulation of exports, and for other pur Mr. Housmann, as a good American. He The SPEAKER PJ;O tempore