2. Sheets-Sheet 1. F. A. MORLEY, STEAM AND WAPOR ENGINE, No. 107,206, Patented Sept. 6, 1870.

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WITNESSES JNVENTOR. 22,5. T 24-2 RIS PETuRS co, PHOTo-LTHo, washington, D. F. A. MORLEY, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. STEAM AND WAPOR ENGINE.

No. 107,206, Patented Sept. 6, 1870.

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Willnesses. . . I776/7/07". zz-z-za 2Z%-6, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. FRANKLIN A. MORLEY, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK. IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM AND WAPOR ENGINES. Specification forming part of Letters. Patent No. 107,206, dated September 6, 1870, To all whom it may concern and this brings the expansibility of the solu Be it known that I, FRANKLINA. MoRLEY, tion to that of atmospheric pressure, and thus of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga and a working pressure of seventy-five pounds to State of New York, have invented a new and the inch is obtained between the condensers E useful Improvement in Steam and Vapor En an EI for driving the engine I. gines; and I do hereby declare that the follow. The action of the water and ammonia in so ing is a full, clear, and exact description there lution with relation to each other when under. of, which will enable those skilled in the art to going change of temperature is as follows: make and use the same, reference being had The solution in ee being heated to 1760, the to the accompanying drawings, forming part tendency for the ammonical gas to be expelled of this specification, in which from the water is equal to a pressure of sev Figure 1 is a sectional view of my invention, enty-five pounds to the inch, and this pressure showing the use of two condensers; and Fig. is wholly neutralized by bringing the temper 2 is a like view, showing the use of a third ature of the solution down to 1229, as is done condenser. in the condenser H; but the ammonia and Similar letters of reference indicate like water must accompany each other back and parts in the several figures, forth from one condenser to the other to get the In the accompanying drawings, A is an or best effect. If the ammoniacal gas should be dinary steam-boiler, and B is the steam-engine. worked through the engine I and the water be C is the steam-pipe, and D the exhaust. The left behind in e, there would soon be more am engine B exhausts into a surface-condenser, monia in H than would enter into solution with E, and the steam being condensed on its flues the water in said chamber H, and this would falls to the bottom of the chamber E, and is increase the pressure in H and make a Waste returned to the boiler Aby the feed-water pipe ful resistance in this condenser, and the elas and pump Ff, the pumpf being worked by an ticity of the solution in e would soon be in1 eccentric on the main shaft, or by other suita paired and the engine I would be. Working at ble device. a great loss of power. This is obviated by The chambers ee of the condenser connect working the water and ammonia, both througla with each other by the flues E. Instead of the engine and discharging them into the con supplying these flues and chamberse e with denser E. W cold water, they are filled with aqua-ammonia, The valve-chest and ports of the engine I so that the upper chamber, e, is nearly full, as are made more roomy, and are turned under shown. This aqueous solution of ammonia is neath, and water and ammonia are admitted heated by the exhaust-steam to a temperature through the pipe K into the engine, a small of 1760 Fahrenheit, and gives, a pressure of quantity of the liquids giving ammoniacal gas seventy-five pounds to the square inch of am enough for a stroke of the engine. The gas moniacal gas. This gasis worked through the leaves the water, and after the stroke is made second engine, I, and discharged into the cham both are expelled and by the pipe J conducted 0er H of the second condenser, and is there into the condenser H, and, as the water and eondensed on the flues H by a current of cold gas in H become cooled the ammonia is agaiti water kept passing through the flues and cham absorbed by the water, and in a liquid form bers h, h, by means of cold-water pipes in n. they are returned to ee by the pump L. The aqueous solution is kept at a tempera The height of the solution in ee and in His ture of 176°, or thereabout, by its vapor being regulated by the pipes Kl. If the solution. withdrawn from e by the engine I, and this should get a little too low in e, then the engine temperature condenses the steam from the en works through more gas, the pipe K being at gine B, and the feed-water for the boiler A is the regulated height; and if the liquid should returned to it at the boiling-point from cham be too high, then more of it is worked through ber E. the engine, and the pump IL, with its pipel, en The circulation of cold water through the tering Hat the upper surface of the liquid, also second condenser lowers the temperature of regulates the height of the liquidinH by pump the aqueous solution of ammonia in H to 1220, ing more gas or liquid into e, as the case may 0.2O6 require. When the condensers have been fur would be employed to cool the third condenser, nished with the proper quantity of the solution P, containing the pure or liquid ammonia. these heights regulate themselves,as described, The pure ammonia, gives a working pressure and fluctuate little or none. of seventy-five pounds to the inch for the third If a leak should occur, by which some of the engine, T, with a temperature of 800 in the solution should be lost, water can be added condenser P and 110o in the condenser h h, temporarily to restore the height, if no aqua or with only 300 of differential temperature. ammonia is at hand. Each condenser is pro To give a greater range or difference of tem. vided with a glass gage-tube, n, so that the perature between the several condensers or height of the fluids can be seen at a glance. liquids, the steam-engine can exhaust into its The engine I can be inclosed in an accessi condenser at a temperature as high as 2300 ble box or compartment, and provision made without loss of power, as its foed-water will be for keeping a small waste-pipe for water in returned to the boiler A at 2300 and fully operation within the box, so that the gas would compensate for the back-pressure of seven enter into solution with this water and be car pounds. ried away, and any smell of gas avoided in case With these attachments to the steam-en the engine should get to leaking; or, in place gine eighty-nine per cent, of the heat that of this, the room containing the engine I and passed into the boiler A to make steam is the condensers can be sufficiently ventilated available after passing through the engine B to carry off any gas occasioned by a leak. to work the engine I, and eighty-one percent. If A, B is an engine that utilizes the heat is still left to reach the engine Tafter passing from the furnace in the most economical man through both of the engines B and I. ner, but eleven per cent. of all the heat that is Valves for the engine I, similar to the valves passed into the boiler A to make steam is util of the Corlissengine,” are preferable to a slide ized, and consequently eighty-nine percent. of valve; but for the third engine, that is actu this heat is still left in the exhaust-steam to ated by pure ammonia, any kind of valve that be applied to the aqua-ammonia in ee. If the is used for steam can be used. steam-engine A B is burning two and one-half The engines can be constructed to act inde pounds of coal per horse-power per hour, and pendently, or be connected in action, as de each pound of coal evaporates from the boil sired. ing-point twelve pounds of water, then the Having thus described my invention, what I amount of heat that passes into the boiler A. claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, for a horse-power per hour is that necessary S to evaporate thirty pounds of water or twen 1. In combination with the engine. A B and ty-nine thousand and ten units of heat; and condenser E, the second multitubular conden as two thousand five hundred and sixty-five ser, H. k h, substantially as and for the pur units of heat converted into work are the pose specified. equivalent of a horse-power of work per hour, 2. The third multitubular eendenser, P r , then but eleven per cent. of the heat that is substantially as and for the purpose specified. passed into the steam-boiler A is really util 3. The method herein described of regulat ized or converted into work by the steam-en ing the lheight of the liquidine and H-name gine B when such engine and boiler are of the ly, inserting the pipes Klat such point that best kind, and consequently eighty-nine per they will receive more gas or liquid as the sur cent, of the heat that has been used in the faces of the liquid fluctuate in height, for the steam-engine B is yet ready and available for purpose specified. evaporating the liquid in the condensers Hee; 4. The method of preventing back-pressure and by these means the effectiveness of the in the aqua-ammonia engine I by causing the engine is nearly doubled without any increase water of the solution to accompany the ammo of fuel. nia to the cooling-vessel or condenser H. By adding a third condenser, Pr r, Fig. 2, The above specification of my invention and using in this condenser liquid ammonia, signed by me this 19th day of May, 1870. the useful effect of the fuel can be still further F. A. MOREY. increased eighty-one per cent. In this case Witnesses: the liquid ammonia would cool the condenser WM. J. DoDGE, H in place of water, and the current of water W. A. BURNHAM.