Survey on the Structure of Agri- Cultural Holdings 2016 Project

Survey on the Structure of Agri- cultural Holdings 2016

Project

Madrid, 2015 Index Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings 2016 1 Index 3 1. Background 8 2. Objectives 8 3. Content 9 4. Scope of application 9 Geographical scope 9 Temporal scope 9 Population scope 10 5. Concepts and definitions 11 5.1. Agricultural holding 11 5.2. Geographic situation of the holding 13 5.3. Holder of the holding 13 5.4. Legal personality and management of the holding 13 5.4.1. Legal status of the holder 13 5.4.2. Manager of the holding 14 5.4.3. Agricultural training of the manager of the holding 15 5.5. Total area 15 5.6. Used Agricultural Area (UAA) 16 5.7. Land tenure system 16 5.8. Associated crops 17 5.9. Successive crops 17 5.10. Land use 18 5.11. Cultivated land 18 5.11.1. Land for permanent pastures 20 Institute 5.11.2. Other land 21 5.12. Arable crops 22

5.12.1. Grain cereals 22 Statistics 5.12.2. Legumes for grain 23

5.12.3. Potatoes 23 National INE.

3 5.12.4. Industrial crops 24 5.12.5. Fodder crops 25 5.12.6. Vegetables 26 5.12.7. Ornamental flowers and plants 27 5.12.8. Seeds and seedlings for sale 27 5.12.9. Other arable crops 28 5.13. Woody crops 28 5.13.1. Citrus fruit 28 5.13.2. Fruit trees native to temperate climates 28 5.13.3. Fruit trees native to subtropical climates 29 5.13.4. Berries 29 5.13.5. Dried fruit trees 29 5.13.6. Olive grove 29 5.13.7. Vineyard 29 5.13.8. Nurseries 30 5.13.9. Woody crops in greenhouses 30 5.13.10. Other permanent crops 30 5.14. Mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other cultivated fungi 30 5.15. Crops for the production of renewable energies 31 5.16. Irrigation 31 5.16.1. Irrigated area according to the method of irrigation 31 5.16.2. Irrigation area according to the origin of the water 33 5.17. Livestock 33 5.17.1. Cattle 34 5.17.2. Sheep 35 5.17.3. Goats 35

5.17.4. Pigs 35 Institute 5.17.5. Horses 36

5.17.6. Poultry 36 Statistics 5.17.7. Mother rabbits 37 5.17.8. Beehives 37 National 5.17.9. Other animals 37 INE.

4 5.18. Organic production 37 5.19. Rural development measures from which the holding has benefited in the last two years 40 5.20. Rural development activities 45 5.20.1. Importance of other complementary activities directly related to the holding 47 5.21. Destination of the holding's production 48 5.22. Tillage of land in arable crops 48 5.23. Actions for soil conservation 49 5.23.1. Winter soil cover in arable crops 49 5.23.2. Rotation of arable crops 50 5.23.3. Ecological Focus Areas (EFA) that have received aid in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013. 51 5.24. Manure utilisation and application techniques 52 5.25. Agricultural labour on the holding 53 5.25.1. Family labour 53 5.25.2. Non-family labour force 54 5.25.3. Days worked on the holding by persons not directly employed by the holder 55 6. Measurement units and types of holdings 55 6.1. Measurement units 55 6.1.1. Area units 55 6.1.2. Livestock units 56 6.1.3. Labour units 56 6.1.4. Other conventional measurement units 57 6.2. Types of holdings 57 7. Data collection 58

7.1. Data collection procedures 58 Institute 7.2. Personnel involved in data collection 59 7.3. Material 59 Statistics 8. Sample design 60 8.1. Determination of the exhaustive holdings 60 National 8.2. Stratification 61 INE.

5 8.3. Sample size, allocation and sample selection 61 8.4. Daughter holdings 63 8.5. Estimators 63 8.5.1. Estimators of variable totals 63 8.5.2. Estimates of sample errors 64 8.5.2.1. TABLE 1: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant aggregate variables. 65 8.5.2.2. TABLE 2: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant crop variables 66 8.5.2.3. TABLE 3: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant livestock units 67 9. Dissemination of the results 67 Annexes 69 Annex I Questionnaire 71 Annex II: List of variables 87 Annex III: Legislation of the European Union 93 Execution of the survey 95 Characteristics 95 Definitions 95 Typology 95 Annex IV: List of agricultural activities included in the definition of an agricultural holding 97 Annex V: Technical-Economic Orientations 101 Annex VI Table models 105 Classification according to used agricultural area 107 Classification according to technical-economic orientation 125

Institute

Statistics National INE.

1. Background The Spanish experience in general surveys on agricultural structure directed at agricultural holdings began at the INE with the first Agrarian Census in 1962. This was followed by the Agrarian Censuses of 1972 and 1982. When Spain became a full member of the European Community on the 1st January 1986 as a full member, the INE joined the community programme of surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings included in Regulation No. 70/66 of the Council of European Communities.

In accordance with this programme, the first community survey was completed in the member States in 1966/67. Later, surveys were conducted in the years 1970/71, 1975, 1979/80, 1983 and 1985, incorporating each time the modifications advised by the experience of previous surveys and establishing a biennial periodicity.

Spain participated for the first time in this community programme with a sample survey in 1987. In accordance with the successive Regulations, relating to the organisation of community surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings during the period 1988/1997, an exhaustive survey or census was carried out in the year 1989 and sampling surveys were undertaken in 1993, 1995 and 1997.

During the 1998/2007 period, a census was carried out in 1999 and sampling surveys for agricultural seasons were carried out in 2003, 2005 and 2007.

In accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1166/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008, on surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings, the 2009 Agrarian Census has been carried out and the Survey on the Structure of the Agricultural Holdings of 2013 and 2016 must be completed.

The new revision of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has led to new needs for statistical information, requiring the existing Agricultural Statistics system to be modified. For this reason, Eurostat, in collaboration with the Member States, has drawn up Regulation (EU) No. 715/2014 of the Commission, which amends Annex III of the previous Regulation, in regard to the list of characteristics that must be included in the 2016 Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings.

2. Objectives

The objectives of the 2016 Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings are the

following: Institute

a) To evaluate the situation of Spanish agriculture and follow up the structural evolution of agricultural holdings, as well as to obtain comparable results from all the European Union member states. Statistics

b) To comply with the legal framework set out by the European Union in the different council regulations, as well as to deal with national statistical require- National INE.

8 ments and other international requests for statistical information on the agricultural sector.

3. Content In accordance with its fundamental objectives, the 2016 survey is defined by the characteristics that make up the different parts of the questionnaire: 1 and 2 Identification and contact details of the holder and reporting person 3 The holder and his agricultural holding 4 Total Area and Utilised Agricultural Area 5 Destination of the holding's production 6 Mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other cultivated fungi 7 Location of land 8 Utilised Agricultural Area: crops, fallows, pasture land and orchards for own consumption 9 Other land 10 Crops for the production of renewable energies 11 Organic farming 12 Tillage of the land and soil conservation actions 13 Manure utilisation and application techniques 14 Irrigation 15 Rural development 16 Livestock 17 Labour force of the holding 18 Rural development activities - Complementary activities

4. Scope of application The scope of the survey is considered from three clearly different spheres:

Institute

GEOGRAPHICAL SCOPE The research covers the whole national territory: Peninsular Spain, Illes Balears, Statistics Islas Canarias, Ceuta and Melilla.

National TEMPORAL SCOPE INE.

9 Considering the type of data, the reference periods are defined as follows: For characteristics related to land and labour force, the reference period is the 2016 agricultural year, that is, the agricultural season between 1 October 2015 and 30 September 2016. For livestock figures, the reference date will be 30 September 2016. For rural development measures, the reference period is the two-year period end- ing 31 December 2016 (from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016).

POPULATION SCOPE

Since the 2009 Agrarian Census, and in accordance with the specifications of Regu- lation 1166/2008, the following criteria have been defined:

 All agricultural holdings that have at least 1 ha of Utilised Agricultural Area (UAA).

 All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.2 ha of UAA dedicated to vegetables and flowers and ornamental plants outdoors or under low protective cover or fruit trees (including citrus) irrigated or in nurseries or greenhouses.

 All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.1 ha of UAA dedicated to vegetables cultivated in greenhouses.  All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.1 ha of UAA dedicated to flowers and ornamental plants in greenhouses.  All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.5 ha of UAA dedicated to tobacco.  All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.5 ha of UAA dedicated to hops.  All agricultural holdings that have at least 0.5 ha of UAA dedicated to cotton.  Agricultural holdings with one or more Livestock Units (LU) and with Total Stand- ard Production (TSP) equal to or greater than 900 euros. These criteria are independent, that is, at least one of them must be met in order for the holding to be considered part of the population under study. Purely forest holdings are excluded from the survey if they do not meet the above conditions, since the survey refers to strictly agricultural holdings. However, when the investigated holding has some forest mass, it will be collected as part of the questionnaire. Institute

Statistics National INE.

5. Concepts and definitions

5.1. AGRICULTURAL HOLDING An agricultural holding is one unit, from the technical and economic point of view, with a unique management, that carries out agricultural activities in Spain as its main or secondary activity. The holding may also have another complementary (non-agricultural) activity. This unit, being unique from the technical and economic point of view, is character- ised by the common use of labour and means of production (machinery, land, facilities, fertilisers, etc.). This implies that if the plots are located in two or more municipalities, they cannot be very far from each other geographically. The list of agricultural and livestock activities is based on division 01 of the Classifi- cation of Economic Activities of the European Union (NACE, rev.2), with some ex- ceptions, as specified in Annex III. In particular, holdings that maintain their land, which are no longer used for production purposes, in good agricultural and environmental conditions are included, in accordance with Council Regulation (EC) No. 1782/2003. With the reform of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of 2003, the Maintenance of land in good agricultural and environmental conditions was introduced as an agricultural activity (Article 2 of the above Regulations). Apart from this activity, farmers must not have any other agricultural activity to access the single payment system. Agricultural holdings, therefore, can be defined as an agricultural unit (set of land and/or livestock), under single management, located in a specific geographical location and using the same means of production. Special cases: a) It is considered a single holding, provided that there is a single management structure and a single technical-economic unit. - A holding that has been distributed among several people for purely tax reasons, or other reasons. - Two or more holdings which previously constituted independent holdings and have been integrated under the management of a single holder. - Farms or land located in different municipalities, operated by the same Institute holder, with the same means of production.

b) Land previously used for agricultural purposes, and which while continuing to

be agricultural in nature, has not been operated during the reference period of Statistics the survey, is recorded in the corresponding holding.

National INE.

11 c) The following are also included:

- Livestock holdings for fighting bulls, boars, rams and goats for breeding, stud farms and incubation rooms.

- Agricultural holdings of research institutes, religious communities, schools, etc.

- Agricultural holdings of industrial companies.

- Communal holdings constituted of permanent meadows, grassland and other areas, if they are operated by the communal or local administra- tion. Communal land ceded at random is excluded from this communal holding. d) The following will not be considered agricultural holdings unless they develop other activities that justify their inclusion:

- Riding schools, stables and land used for exercising racehorses, if there are no breeding activities.

- Kennels.

- Animal businesses, slaughterhouses, etc. (without breeding).

- Holdings owing livestock if they are not engaged in the rearing of such livestock. - Draught or work animal holdings, if the unit does not breed these animals. - Zoos, fur farms and breeding farms for species such as dogs, cats and ornamental birds, etc.

- Plots of land developed or under development by the date of the interview.

- Agricultural services companies. Agricultural holdings are classified as follows: - Agricultural holdings with land: those whose total area, in one or a number of plots even when they are not contiguous, is equal to or greater than 0.1 ha. - Agricultural holding without land: this refers to the agricultural holding with

less than 0.1 ha of total area, which have some of the following livestock fig- Institute ures: one or more heads of cattle; two or more heads of either horse, mule or ass; six or more heads of sheep or goat; two or more heads of pig; fifty or more heads of poultry, including chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese, guinea fowl, pigeons, quail, pheasants and partridges bred in captivity; thirty or more breed- Statistics ing female rabbits; ten or more beehives. This livestock may be in rural or urban areas.

National

INE.

5.2. GEOGRAPHIC SITUATION OF THE HOLDING

An agricultural holding is considered to be located, for the purposes of the survey, in the municipality where the greatest part of its land is found, or, where there are doubts, where the only or main holding building lies. Agricultural holdings without land are considered to be assigned to the municipality where the holder has declared their livestock or, if there is no declaration, to the municipality where the farming facilities are located.

5.3. HOLDER OF THE HOLDING

The holder of the holding is defined as the natural or legal person that, acting freely and autonomously, takes on the risk of an agricultural holding, managing it himself or through someone else. Specifically, the holder is considered to be:

- An owner when he directly manages his land, even if he has ceded all or part of the decision-making authority to a manager of the holding.

- A tenant.

- A sharecropper.

- Anyone who, with freedom and autonomy, directs and assumes the risk of a holding, whatever the regime of tenure.

A holder, as such, can exercise a triple-function with respect to the holding for which he has technical-economic responsibility:

a) Assume responsibility for the economic or financial progress and the risk of the holding's results.

b) Adopt the main technical decisions about the use of available means and exercise administrative control over the holding's operations.

c) Ensure the daily management of the holding’s work and make ordinary decisions on matters of less importance.

5.4. LEGAL PERSONALITY AND MANAGEMENT OF THE HOLDING

Institute 5.4.1. Legal status of the holder The different categories of legal status or condition are the following: Statistics National INE.

13 a) Natural person The holder is considered to be a natural person when he or she is an individual person or group of individual persons (brothers, joint heirs, etc.) that work a joint heir- ship or other grouping of land or livestock together without having legally formed a company or association.

When two or more individual persons share ownership on a holding, only one of them shall be stated for identification purposes in accordance with the following preference criteria:

- The person who manages the holding, or who has greatest involvement in its management.

- The person who has the greatest involvement in the financial or economic re- sponsibilities.

- The oldest person.

b) Legal person Legal persons are corporations, associations and foundations of public interest rec- ognized by law and associations of private interest, whether civil, commercial or industrial, to which the law grants its own personality, independent of that of each of its associates.

The following will be taken into account:

Mercantile company: a group of people whose partnership agreement is docu- mented in a public deed and is also registered in the Mercantile Register. These companies are classified as Public Limited Company, Limited Liability Company, Collective and Limited Partnerships.

Public Entity: in this case, the ownership corresponds to one of the different public administrations: Central, Autonomous or Local.

Production cooperative: is an association that works to obtain agricultural products, under a joint venture scheme, complying with the principles and regulations of the General Law of Cooperatives and their development norms.

Other legal conditions: this section includes any other legal entity not classified in the previous sections: Common Property, Civil Partnership, etc.

Institute 5.4.2. Manager of the holding Is the person responsible for the normal and daily management of the agricultural

holding. Statistics

The manager of the holding coincides, in general, with the holder. If the two do not coincide, the manager of the holding may be his or her spouse, another member of the holder’s family or another employee. National INE.

14 All holdings will have only one person as manager of the holding. It will be the person that participates the most in the management of the holding. If this contribution is distributed equally, the manager of the holding is considered to be the oldest person. For managers of the holding, information is collected regarding their gender, age, time of work at the holding, and if they perform another activity apart from the work on the holding.

5.4.3. Agricultural training of the manager of the holding The following agricultural training categories are considered: Exclusively practical experience: is training acquired through practical work on an agricultural holding. Agricultural professional training: all studies completed through first or second degree vocational training including any of the following specialities: agriculture, horticulture, viticulture, agricultural technology, forestry, fish farming, veterinary or any other related subject. Agricultural university training: includes all university studies completed at a university faculty or college in agriculture, horticulture, viticulture, agricultural technology, forestry, fish farming, veterinary medicine or any other related subject. Other agricultural training: all courses or short courses taken that are a minimum of two weeks in duration and relate to one of the specialisations mentioned are included in this section.

5.5. TOTAL AREA

The total area of the holding is made up of the area of all the plots included in the holding: the area owned by the holder, the area rented out for working and the area worked and governed by other types of tenancy agreement. Areas owned by the holder, but granted to third persons, are excluded.

The total area of the holding includes the cultivated land, land for permanent pastures and other land. The following should therefore be included: - The area that forms part of the holding but is unproductive or not susceptible to Institute appreciable vegetal exploitation, such as threshing floors, stony ground, etc. - Land owned by the holding, which are provided with water, roads and other paths. Statistics - Areas of building land, whether they affect agricultural production or not, are included in the holding area if they are located within or are adjacent to the

property. For example, housing in the village or stables are not included in the National total area if they are not inside or adjacent to the holding. INE.

15 The areas leased exclusively for the use of grass, stubble, hunting or stockpiling of products purchased without collecting are included in the area of the owner or landlord and are not considered part of the holding of those who use them, since in this case, only the use of the product is leased, but not the plot itself. This would be the case of communal land belonging to an entity (State, Autono- mous Community , Municipality, Neighbourhood Community, Parish, etc.) over which several natural or legal persons are authorized to exercise common rights. If communal land is jointly exploited by several neighbours, the communal land area is part of the holding of the entity to which this land belongs. In the event that the owner entity allocates all or part of the area to a single holding (it is assigned at random or by lease), the transferred part is assigned to the holding that makes sole use of the land. Land occupied by buildings for the cultivation of mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other fungi is part of the total area. However, the area for these crops is not considered part of the total area.

5.6. USED AGRICULTURAL AREA (UAA)

Is the total area of arable land and land for permanent pasture. Arable land includes arable crops, fallow land, kitchen gardens and land for woody crops.

5.7. LAND TENURE SYSTEM This characteristic only refers to agricultural holdings with land and is the legal form under which the holder acts. One single holding can be made up of land under different tenure systems: a) Owned land: Land on which the holder has the right of ownership, with or without written deeds, and land that has been exploited peacefully and without in- terruption by the holder for at least thirty years without payment of rent. Also considered in this group is land in usufruct. In family units, the land that forms part of the holding is considered as exploited as property when any member of the family has property rights over it; likewise, land that forms part of a holding owned by a de facto association is considered as property if it belongs to any of the associates. Land owned by the holder transferred to third parties is not included in this group or in the holding. In holdings owned by a municipal or neighbourhood Institute community, the land that has been transferred at random or leased during the reference season is not part of the holding.

b) Leased land: land is leased if the holder benefits from the exploitation of the Statistics land by paying a royalty or rent, irrespective of the exploitation results, whether the payment is made in cash, in kind or both at the same time. The payment has

been previously fixed in an oral or written lease contract. National INE.

16 This also includes land of any other holding whose owner transfers it in return for the provision of a certain work or service, so long as it is not land made available to an agricultural worker in the form of wage.

c) Sharecropping land: this is land owned by third parties given temporarily to the sharecropper via the payment of a certain percentage of the product obtained or the equivalent in cash. This percentage depends on the local conditions, the type of holding and the owner’s contribution. The sharecropping agreement or contract may be oral or written.

The sharecropper is considered the holder for the purpose of the survey, provided that there is a shared economic responsibility between the owner and the sharecropper.

d) Communal land ceded at random to the holding for its exclusive use: communal land, which has been ceded during the agricultural season and used only for this holding.

e) Land in other tenancy regimes: included in this section is land not included in any of the previous systems: land exploited by free transfer, in trust, in dispute, in a precarious position, ground rents, leaseholds, etc.

In the questionnaire, the following categories are considered: land owned, land under lease, communal land transferred at random, and land in other tenure regimes (sharecropping, trust, free transfer, etc.).

5.8. ASSOCIATED CROPS

Associated crops are those that coexist, during all or part of the vegetative cycle, on the same plot or farmland in the course of the agricultural season.

In associated crops, the area is assigned proportionally to the use of the soil by each of the crops that make up the association.

The mixture of crops or mixed crops are not considered associated crops, whose products are not collected separately and which are considered as a single crop, such as, for example, mixed cereals.

5.9. SUCCESSIVE CROPS

Successive crops are those crops that succeed each other in the same area during Institute the agricultural season. In this type of crops, the total area is allocated to the main crop, considered as such

the crop with the highest production value. In the event that the production values Statistics do not differ significantly, the main crop is considered to be the one that has occupied the soil most of the time.

The secondary successive crop is not listed in this survey. National INE.

5.10. LAND USE In all headings which make up the groups detailed below, both the pure crop area and the proportional part (in the case of an association) and the main crop (in the case of successive crops) are included. The total area of each agricultural holding with land is classified in three large groups, according to its use: Arable land, land for permanent pastures and other land. The land corresponding to the first two groups, that is, the land that makes up the Used Agricultural Area (UAA) are further classified into dry land and irrigated land, in accordance with the following definitions: A) Dry land Dry land are considered to be those that have not received more water than rainfall during the reference period of the survey. B) Irrigated land These are considered to be land that have received water during the reference period via man-made procedures, whatever the duration or quantity of irrigation, even if it was in a temporary manner.

5.11. CULTIVATED LAND This land that has been tended to, regardless of its use and the date when this work has been carried out during the agricultural year. This tending process is carried out with hoes, ploughs, harrows, cultivators, scarifiers, toothed harrows, etc. Work involving spreading fertiliser, rolling or boarding, cutting, manual weeding, reseeding, etc., carried out in permanent pastures is not included in this category. Woody crops and those crops that occupy the soil for several years are included from the year in which they are planted, although they are not yet in production. The following types of crops are considered in arable land: a) Arable crops Consisting of plants whose upper part has herbaceous consistency (grain cereals, legumes, potato, cotton, beet, forage, vegetables, etc.). Seedbeds used by the holding itself are included in the corresponding crop sections. This is land that is ploughed or cultivated regularly, usually using a crop rotation Institute system. In a crop rotation system, crops are rotated successively on a given plot of land according to a previous plan. In general, crops change every year, but there may also be multi-year plans. Included in this category are those crops generally

classified as vegetables, ornamental or industrial plants (such as asparagus, roses, Statistics decorative shrubs cultivated for their flowers or leaves, strawberries, hops), although they may occupy the land for more than five years. National INE.

18 Arable crops include: cereals, legumes, potatoes, industrial crops, forage crops, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants, seeds and seedlings for sale and other arable crops. b) Fallow land Land that has been resting during the course of the season, without any crops but that has received some labour. Also included in this section is land sown for green manure. Two details clearly differentiate these lands from those that are later classified in the uncultivated arable land group: - Land classified as fallow land forms part of the crop rotation or alternation. - Fallow land is justified in the tilling technique known as dry farming because they allow greater use of rainwater, meaning that the crop can spread out over arid zones. - This includes those areas of arable crops maintained in good agricultural and environmental conditions, regardless of whether they are part of the crop rotation or not. c) Kitchen gardens Areas destined for growing agricultural fruit and vegetable products (including potatoes), whose production is mainly aimed at self-consumption on the holding. This area must be less than 5 areas (500 m2). All the area whose production is regularly commercialised will be consigned to other sections, even if part of the products are consumed by the holder and his family. Areas that produce fodder for any animal, including that area destined for the animals that will be consumed by the holder and his family, will be noted in their respective sections. Gardens, parks and lawns are excluded. d) Woody crops Contains those plants whose upper part has a woody consistency. These crops are not included in the rotation system, other than permanent meadows, and occupy the land during long periods of time without the need to be transplanted after each harvest. This group includes nurseries (except non-commercial forest nurseries that are in the forest and that add to the forest area), as well as plants for weaving (wicker, cane, rushes, etc.). Institute Forest areas are excluded.

All planted areas are included, even if they are not yet in production. Statistics The area of permanent crops that are no longer in production (abandoned) is included in the section of other land under the heading of arable land that has not been used during the season. National INE.

19 The woody crops considered are: fruit trees, olive groves, vineyards, nurseries for non-forest woody crops, woody crops in greenhouses and other permanent crops.

5.11.1. Land for permanent pastures

Is land not included in crop rotation, permanently dedicated (for a period of five years or more) to the production of grass, whether cultivated (sown) or natural (spontaneous).

These areas can be used for pasture or reaped for silage or hay. The hay can be used for the production of renewable energy.

The following types are considered: a) Permanent pastures and meadows

Land used permanently for the production of grass, characteristic of areas with a certain degree of humidity and whose main exploitation is carried out through reaping. It may receive some tending work such as reseeding, fertiliser, rollers or boards, etc. Fodder crops are excluded, as they are included in arable crops. These areas can be normally used for intensive grazing.

b) Other areas used for pastures

Other land not included in the previous section that has been used as pasture for livestock, frequently located in poor quality soils, such as hilly areas or at high altitudes, not normally improved by fertilisation, cultivation, sowing or draining.

In general, this area is used for extensive pasture, as they do not tolerate a high density of livestock and are not usually reaped.

Meadows are included as pastures, as well as wasteland and scrubland when they have been used for some type of livestock farming. This section also includes reaped and ungrazed areas that are of high natural value and located in protected geographical areas. c) Permanent meadows and pastures that are no longer used for production purposes and are entitled to aid.

Areas of permanent pastures and meadows that are no longer used for production purposes and which, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1782/2003, or

the most recent legal provisions, are kept in good agricultural and environmen- Institute tal conditions, and may be subject to a single payment. Those areas subject to a single payment means that the request for a subsidy for the reference season has been accepted, regardless of whether the payment Statistics was made or not. National INE.

20 The minimum requirements to keep the land in good agricultural and environmental conditions include soil protection against erosion and the maintenance of organic matter and soil structure to prevent deterioration of the habitat.

5.11.2. Other land

This section contains other land, which, although forming part of the holding, does not belong to the so-called “Used Agricultural Area” (UAA).

The following modalities are distinguished:

a) Forest tree species

Included in this modality are areas covered with forest tree species, which are not mainly used for agricultural purposes or for purposes other than forestry. Poplar groves within or outside the forests are included, as well as chestnut and walnut forests used mainly for the production of wood, and forest nurseries that are found within forests and are used for the needs of the holding itself.

Also included are areas covered with forest trees or shrubs that mainly have a protective function, as well as rows of trees outside forest areas and treed boundaries, which are included in the woodland area due to their importance. This includes both the treed areas whose production is marketed (wood, fire- wood or other forest products) and those whose production is destined for self- consumption, the conservation of the environment, the protection of the land or as a boundary between holdings. Also included are those areas cultivated mainly for the production of energy. In this section, we can distinguish the areas of low forests used as clearcutting areas in short shifts: This is a forest area managed as a forest crop where the rotation age is twenty years or less. The rotation age is the time between the first planting of the trees and the last cutting and use of the final product, where the use does not include forestry treatments such as thinning and clearing. The final products of these areas may be, for example, forest biomass for energy purposes (poplars) or wood for crushing (paste or board) of poplars or eucalyptus.

b) Other areas: Institute Included in this section are those lands that form part of the total area (TA) of the holding, but are not part of the UAA nor belong to any of the previous sections cor-

responding to the other land group. In this way, the following is registered: Statistics - Land with spontaneous vegetation and without agricultural or livestock use. This includes uncultivated land whose production is not collected, such as wasteland, esparto fields and scrubland. National INE.

21 This does not include wasteland or scrubland that have been used for livestock during the season. It also does not include the esparto grass or albardine whose production is harvested, since in this case it must be registered within the group of woody crops, forming part of the UAA. Scrubland is considered to be any area with a predominance of spontaneous shrubs such as rockrose, heather, gorse, furze, broom, rosemary, thyme, fan palm, kermes oak, boiss, mastic, etc. - Arable areas not cultivated. Areas which, being agricultural, have not been used during the agricultural season for economic, social or other similar reasons, and do not fall into the crops section alternative. These areas may be used once again with means usually available on the holding. Fallow land is not included. - Threshing floors, constructions, quarries, etc. Areas which are not used directly for plant production, but which are needed by the holding (land used for buildings, stables, threshing floors, etc.) and areas unsuitable for agricultural production, i.e. those areas which cannot be cultivated except by very powerful means which are not normally found on the holding (quarries, infertile land, lagoons, etc.).

5.12. ARABLE CROPS The following types of arable crops are distinguished:

5.12.1. Grain cereals Those cereals harvested dry for grain, independently of their use, considering straw as a by-product. This includes grain cereals used for the production of renewable energy. Cereal mixtures are also considered, such as meslin (a mixture of wheat and rye). Grains harvested for green consumption are excluded, given that they are considered forage crops. Within this group, the following species are distinguished:  Common wheat (including spelt)  Durum wheat

 Barley Institute  Oats (including possible mixtures with wheat, barley and rye)

 Rye (including meslin) Statistics  Rice  Grain maize (excluding fodder maize which is included in fodder crops and National sweet maize for human consumption which is included in vegetables) INE.

22  Other (including other cereal mixtures: sorghum, triticale, millet, buckwheat, canary seed, etc.) The two types of wheat mentioned are clearly distinguished by the destination of their flours. Thus, common wheat, which is more common, is used for breadmaking, whereas durum wheat flour is not good for breadmaking and is used for pasta and semolina. Another differentiating criterion between these two species is the price, so the variety of durum wheat reaches higher prices in the markets than common wheat.

5.12.2. Legumes for grain This includes those legumes harvested dry for grain, regardless of their use, including those destined for the production of renewable energy. These are plants grown and harvested mainly for their protein content. If the vegetative cycle is shortened in order to make a green harvest, these legumes are recorded in the vegetable groups, when used for human consumption, or under forage crops if the destination is animal consumption. The following groups are distinguished:  Chickpeas, dried beans and lentils  Peas, broad beans, field beans and sweet lupins (not mixed)  Other grain legumes such as vetches, ervil, fenugreek, grasspeas, etc., including mixtures even with cereals

5.12.3. Potatoes This section refers both to potatoes grown in arable land and in horticultural crops.

Institute Statistics National INE.

5.12.4. Industrial crops Are those arable crops whose product requires an industrial process prior to their final use. This includes industrial plants for the production of renewable energy and oilseeds (sunflower, safflower, rapeseed, soya, peanut and others).

The areas dedicated to the cultivation of the following species are considered:  Sugar beet. That which is intended for the production of sugar and alcohol (including that produced for energy). Therefore, this section excludes crops intended for the production of fodder for animal consumption, as well as those dedicated to the production of seed.  Cotton  Other textile crops. Other plants cultivated mainly for their fibre content: hemp, fiber flax, jute, abaca, sisal, kenaf, etc.  Sunflower  Oil-flax  Soya  Rapeseed and turnip rape  Other oil crops. Other plants cultivated mainly for their oil content, harvested as dry grain: mustard, opium poppy, sesame, tiger nut, peanut, etc.  Tobacco  Hops  Aromatic and medicinal plants and spices. These are plants or parts of plants used in the pharmaceutical and perfume industries or for human consumption. Spices are distinguished from vegetables in that they are used in small quanti- ties and provide flavour rather than substance to food.

In general, aromatic and medicinal plants are not sold directly for consumption, since they need industrial processing before use. However, some culinary plants such as parsley can be used directly. This group includes: pepper for paprika, saffron, anise, lavender, chamomile, belladonna, gentian, mint, liquorice, sage, calendula, valerian, parsley, oregano, fennel, basil, angelica, cumin, foxglove, hyssop, jasmine, marjoram, lemon balm, spearmint, poppy, periwinkle, psyllium, etc. Institute  Other industrial plants: sugar cane, chicory... This section includes the areas of those new crops used exclusively for the produc-

tion of renewable energy, such as Miscanthus giganteus. Statistics

National INE.

5.12.5. Fodder crops

Those crops exclusively destined for livestock food, subject to rotation systems with other herbaceous crops and which occupy the same area for less than five years. Forage crops can be consumed green or subjected to some conservation process (silage, tedding, etc.). Green crops (as opposed to dry grain) are usually used to allow livestock to graze or to harvest them green, but they can also be harvested dry, such as dry hay. In general, the whole plant, except for the roots, is harvested and used for fodder.

Crops not used on holdings but destined for sale will be included, either for direct use in other holdings or for industry. This group also includes cereals and industrial crops harvested and consumed for green fodder and those used for the production of renewable energy. Seeds are excluded. The following species are distinguished:  Fodder roots and tubers. Includes fodder beets, plants of the Brassicae family destined for fodder and by extension, other plants cultivated for their roots or tubers destined for fodder, although its habitual use is not for this purpose, such as carrots. All plants of the Brassicae family intended for fodder will be included in this section, regardless of whether their root or stem is harvested. Examples: turnips, beets, carrots, artichoke, sweet potato, parsnips, yam, yucca, rapeseed, etc.  Multi-annual green fodder crops. Grass plants for grazing, hay or silage included in a normal crop rotation, which occupies the soil for at least one season and less than five years, whether the plantings are pure grasses or mixtures. Before replanting, surfaces are ploughed or deep worked or plants are destroyed through other means (herbicides).

This group includes mixtures of predominantly herbaceous plants and other fodder crops (generally legumes) for pasture, harvested green, as well as dry hay. Annual arable crops (lasting less than one year of cultivation), different clover species and different varieties of alfalfa will not be included. Examples: ryegrass, polyphyletic meadows, rescue grass, fescue, foxtail, unrolled oats, Sudan grass, etc.  Fodder maize. This group includes all types of fodder maize not harvested for grain (whole ear, parts of the plant or whole plant). This includes fodder maize consumed directly by animals (without silage) and the complete ear (grain + ra- Institute chis + husk) collected as food or silage, as well as those crops used for the production of renewable energy.

 Fodder legumes. Legume plants harvested green mainly for fodder. This in- Statistics cludes legume mixtures (normally more than 80% with other fodder crops harvested green or as dry hay). The group includes the various species of clover

(annual or perennial), as well as other legumes cultivated mainly for fodder, National INE.

25 such as alfalfa, sainfoin, vetch, grasspea, lupins, serradella, fenugreek, honeysuckle, ervil, etc.

 Other annual green fodder. This includes annual crops such as cereals, certain annual grasses such as spikelets or poa annua and other plants belonging to other families such as crucifers not included above (rapeseed, etc.) if they are harvested green.

5.12.6. Vegetables

This section includes those species destined for human consumption that have a horticultural character and are obtained both through horticultural farming and also on worked land. Potatoes are excluded.

Within this group, the following species are distinguished:

 Leaf or stem: cabbages, Brussels sprouts, collard, asparagus, celery, lettuce, es- carole, spinach, chard, thistle, green chicory, endive, borage, etc.

 Fruit: watermelon, melon, pumpkin, zucchini, cucumber, pickle, eggplant, toma- to, bell pepper, strawberry, etc.

 Flower: artichoke, cauliflower, broccoli, etc.

 Roots and bulbs: garlic, onion, chives, leek, table beet, carrot, radishes, turnips, etc.

 Legumes: green beans, green peas, broad beans, etc.

The cultivated area of vegetables is classified for each of the following modalities:

 Vegetables on worked land: are those cultivated in land that are included with other non-horticultural crops, such as cereals, grain legumes, industrial crops.  Vegetables in horticultural cultivation: are those cultivated in land where only horticultural species are cultivated, either outdoors or under low protective cover.

Within the outdoors crops section, all those plants grown under any type of shelter are excluded, both temporary and permanent, as well as outdoor sanding crops.

Within the low protective cover systems, it is important to note: Institute a) Windbreak fences. Barriers consisting of trees, reeds or plastic that restrict ex- cessive air speed without affecting its circulation.

b) Padded: A covering that is in direct contact with the ground, generally made of Statistics plastic and which does not include any kind of framework.

c) Tunnel: Device, usually temporary, with framework that is not accessible and

which confines a specific volume of air between the land and the protective National covering. INE.

26 d) Seedbed: Particular case of the previous device with a very restricted perma- nence in time.

e) Outdoors sanding: Intensive cultivation system based on layers of manure and sand that allows bringing forward the harvest, economic use of water and the use of water with a particular salinity.

 Vegetables in greenhouses or under high protective cover:

Included in this section are those horticultural species that are cultivated during all or part of the vegetative cycle under accessible frames, fixed or mobile, with total or partial enclosure and with or without air-conditioning components. The aforementioned structures are usually of wood or metal and the covering of plastic or glass sheets.

In the case of a mobile greenhouse that has been used as such, the area to be registered is obtained by adding the different areas covered by the greenhouse. On the other hand, when the greenhouse, either fixed or mobile, has not been moved and there is a successive use of the same area, the area should only be counted once. In the case of multi-storey greenhouses, only the base area will be registered.

5.12.7. Ornamental flowers and plants Nurseries are excluded. Using the same concepts as for vegetables, two forms of cultivation are considered in this case:  Outdoors and/or under low protective cover  In greenhouse and/or under high protective cover

5.12.8. Seeds and seedlings for sale The area dedicated to the production of seeds and seedlings for sale is considered, excluding cereals, grain legumes, seed potatoes and oleaginous plants, which should be included with their respective crops. Seeds and plants for the holding's own needs are included in the headings of the corresponding crops. Institute Seeds of herbaceous fodder plants are included.

Statistics

National INE.

5.12.9. Other arable crops The area of all arable crops that have not been included in the previous headings and which exist on the holding are included. This heading only includes crops of little economic importance which cannot be classified in another group. Mixtures of crops will be recorded elsewhere, either according to the definitions of their respective variables or, lacking further data, under the crop with greater economic value.

5.13. WOODY CROPS

The area dedicated to woody crops, either in regular or scattered plantations, will be considered. In regular plantation format, the trees are distributed in an orderly and geometric way, which is more or less perfect and with a density greater than forty trees per hectare and with at least two parallel lines.

Trees that are scattered are treated in the same way as associated crops by noting both the pure crop area and the proportional part that is scattered in the corresponding section.

They are included from the year they are planted, although they are not yet in production.

The area of permanent crops that are no longer in production (abandoned) is included in the group of other land as uncultivated arable land and/or forest area.

This section includes trees that have originally been planted for timber production but whose fruits are collected systematically annually before they are cut (for example, cherry and hazelnut trees). If the collection is marginal and not systematic (the acorns eaten by pigs or those fruits are only collected for the private consumption of the holding), the area is included within the forest tree species.

Distinction is made between the following groups of woody crop species:

5.13.1. Citrus fruit

This group includes the following species: oranges, mandarins (including tange- rines, clementines and satsumas), lemons, grapefruits, bergamot, limes, etc.

Institute

5.13.2. Fruit trees native to temperate climates Fruit tree plantations that are traditionally grown in temperate zones for fruit production. Statistics The following species are included: Apples, pears, apricots, peaches and nectarines,

cherries and sour cherries, plums, medlar, quince, hawthorn, blackthorn, etc. National INE.

5.13.3. Fruit trees native to subtropical climates Fruit tree plantations that are traditionally cultivated in subtropical climates for the production of fruit such as banana, avocado, cherimoya, kiwi, fig, persimmon, pomegranate, papaya, mango, tropical pineapple, guava, lychee, passion fruit, prickly pear or tunera, date palm, etc.

5.13.4. Berries Berry plantations that are traditionally cultivated in both temperate and subtropical climates for the production of berries. The following species are included: gooseberry, raspberry, blackberry, blueberry, blackberry, elderberry, sea buckthorn, cape gooseberry, etc.

Strawberries are excluded and are registered as vegetables.

5.13.5. Dried fruit trees

Plantations of dry fruit trees that are traditionally cultivated in both temperate and subtropical zones.

The following species are included: almond, hazelnut, chestnut, walnut, pistachio, pinyon pine, etc.

The listed species are included in this section if their main exploitation is their fruit. If this is not the case, they are assigned to the “forest tree species” section.

5.13.6. Olive grove

The area used for the cultivation of olive groves is classified according to the olive's destination:  Table olives  Oil-press olives

Institute 5.13.7. Vineyard

The vineyards are classified according to where the grapes are destined:

 Table grapes Statistics  Grape for raisins

 Grapes for wine National INE.

29 In vineyards with grapes for wine, it is important to distinguish between those areas used for the cultivation of grapes destined for the production of quality wines from those areas destined for the production of other wines. The quality wines include the production of wines with a protected denomination of origin and wines with a protected geographical indication.

5.13.8. Nurseries The area occupied by young woody plants grown outdoors and intended to be transplanted is registered. Forest nurseries used for the holding's needs and which are located on forest land are excluded. This section includes vine nurseries, root-stock nurseries, nurseries of fruits and berries, ornamental plants, forest nurseries (except those found in the forest and intended for the needs of the holding) and trees and shrubs for the planting of gardens, parks, roads and hedges, as well as their root-stocks and young plants. Nurseries are classified as:  Christmas tree nurseries  Other nurseries

5.13.9. Woody crops in greenhouses This refers to the area occupied by woody species that during all or part of the vegetative cycle have been under accessible frames, either fixed or mobile, with total or partial enclosure and with or without elements of air conditioning.

5.13.10. Other permanent crops Included in this section is the area of all permanent outdoor crops existing on the holding that have not been included in previous headings, for example, carob, ca- pers, pitas, mulberry, osier, rushes, reeds, raffia, bamboo, esparto grass, rattan, kapok, tea, coffee, etc. Also recorded in this section is the area specifically planted with mycorrhizal woody species of the genus Quercus (oaks, holm oaks, etc.) and Corylus Avellana L. (hazelnut) for the production of truffles. Institute

5.14. MUSHROOMS, WILD MUSHROOMS AND OTHER CULTIVATED FUNGI Statistics Includes, exclusively, mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other fungi grown in constructions built or adapted for that purpose, or underground or in caves. National INE.

30 Unlike the rest of the crops of the holding, the area of beds, bags or similar areas available for cultivation which, during the twelve months of the reference period, have been filled once or several times with mulch, is registered.

The area is counted only once, even if it has been used several times during the agricultural season. Outdoor truffles are excluded, as they are included in other permanent crops.

5.15. CROPS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RENEWABLE ENERGIES

Arable crops that are used mainly in the production of energy. This section includes the specific crops that are only used in energy production, such as Miscanthus and reed canary grass.

5.16. IRRIGATION

Data related to irrigation is collected with reference to two area types: The areas irrigated in the season and the area not irrigated in the season, in holdings with available facilities and water. The area irrigated during the season is the area of all plots which, during the agricultural season, have been effectively irrigated at least once. This area is classified according to the method of irrigation and the origin of the water. The area not irrigated in the season, with facilities and water available in the holding, is the area that has not been irrigated during the reference year, even though it could have been irrigated as the holding has its own technical facilities and enough water. The irrigated area is classified according to the method of irrigation and origin of the water used for irrigation:

5.16.1. Irrigated area according to the method of irrigation The irrigated area of the holding is classified according to the irrigation method used:

- Spray irrigation. Procedure by which plants receive water in the form of artificial rain. Institute - Localised irrigation. Irrigation method where soil water is detected via localised emitters that control the amount of water supplied to each plant (trickle irrigation, micro-irrigation, exudation, etc.). Statistics - Gravity irrigation. Irrigation method by which the water is applied to the plot of land either by flooding the whole area or by dripping or circulating the water

through small furrows between the rows of crops using the force of gravity (sur- National face irrigation, flood irrigation, etc.) INE.

5.16.2. Irrigation area according to the origin of the water - Subterranean waters (wells, exploration or springs on the holding). These are those waters located under or near the holding, extracted by means of drilled or dug-well pumps, or that flow freely from natural or similar springs. These waters are not used only for irrigation purposes, but can also be used for other uses on the holding.

- Surface waters from within the holding (ponds or dams). These are small natural ponds or artificial reservoirs, located entirely within the holding or only used by one holding. The water can come from rain or from groundwater. If groundwater is dammed on the holding exclusively during the irrigation season, it will be included under the heading of groundwater. - With surface water from outside the holding coming from lakes, rivers, etc. Sur- face water from lakes, rivers and other water sources not artificially constructed for irrigation purposes is included under this heading. This includes small dams (less than 1,000 m3) constructed solely for the proper functioning of the pumps in small water currents. - Waters from outside the holding from a common supply network. Water coming from outside the holding, distinct from those mentioned in the previous section, accessible to at least two holdings (in general, with the prior payment of a fee). The water supply may be public or private, regardless of its origin. This includes dams, canals and artificial rivers, even if they have not been built specifically for irrigation reasons. Generally, the water transported to the holding in tanks will be included here, except if is clearly from surface waters from lakes, rivers, and other water courses not artificially constructed for irrigation reasons. - Other sources (desalinated, reclaimed, etc.) Reclaimed water is water from a waste-water treatment plant that is provided to the user as recycled waste- water. Desalinated waters come from high saline water, such as the Atlantic or the Mediterranean, which have been treated to reduce the saline concentration (desalination) before use, or from brackish sources of certain rivers or lagoons (with low salt content), which can be used directly, untreated.

5.17. LIVESTOCK This section includes production animals belonging to the holding or reared by it as at 30 September 2016, including nomadic animals and livestock on an integration or contract basis. Integration basis is considered to be all types of contracts that

imply a dependence on supplies, animals, fodder and on sale. It includes, therefore, Institute vertical integration with private companies and horizontal or cooperative integration.

Pets or other companion animals are excluded, with the exception of horses, if they Statistics are not used for production or profit-bearing activities, that is, they are used solely for recreational activities of the holder's family.

This excludes: National INE.

33  Paso fino animals, such as females destined for mating.  Animals transferred to another holding under contract or lease. Livestock farms without animals on 30 September 2016, due to temporary stoppag- es in the production cycle (regular sanitary cleaning of stables, epidemics, etc.) will also be considered. On these holdings, the number of animals recorded will be the amount just before this temporary stoppage. The species and classifications of the animals included in this survey are the following:

5.17.1. Cattle

All types of buffalo are included.  Cows: Female cows that have calved. This includes, where appropriate, cows of under two years if they have calved. They are classified as:

- Dairy cows: cows that, because of their breed or status, are used exclusively or mainly for the production of milk for human consumption or for its transformation into dairy products. This includes cull dairy cows, in other words, those destined for the slaughterhouse after their last milking.

- Other cows: cows that, because of their breed or status, are used exclusively or mainly for the production of calves and whose milk production is basically used for feeding their calves. This includes work cows and other cull cows destined for the slaughterhouse.  Other cattle of two years or more:

- Males: this section includes studs, work oxen and other males above two years old.

- Heifers: this includes female cattle of two years old or above that have never calved, even if these females were pregnant on the day of the interview.  Cattle of from one to less than two years:

- Males Institute - Females: those that have calved are excluded.  Cattle of under one year

Statistics

National INE.

5.17.2. Sheep  Ewes and replacement lambs Ewes are females of the sheep variety that have lambed at least once. Also included in this section are those ewes that are destined for culling. Replacement lambs includes female sheep that have not lambed and whose purpose is to replace or increase the flock of ewes.  Other sheep This includes young animals of both sexes, feeding lambs, non-ruminant lambs and paschal lambs, who are to be slaughtered, as well as studs and castrated males.

5.17.3. Goats

 Mother goats and replacement kid goats

Included in this section are female goats that have kidded at least once, as well as those mother goats destined for culling. Replacement nanny goats are female goats that have not kidded and whose purpose is to replace or increase the herd of mothers.  Other goats This includes young animals of both sexes, kid and young goats who are to be slaughtered, as well as studs and castrated males.

5.17.4. Pigs Boars are excluded.  Breeding sows and replacement gilts of 50 kilograms and over. Breeding sows are females used for breeding that have already farrowed. Once they have stopped suckling their piglets and they are to be slaughtered for culling purposes, they should be counted in the other pigs section. Replacement gilts of 50 kilograms or more are females that have not farrowed

and whose purpose is to replace or increase the group of mothers. Their live Institute weight is at least 50 kilograms.  Piglets weighing under 20 kilograms

Included in this heading are male or female pigs whose live weight is under 20 Statistics kilograms; whatever their purpose.

National INE.

35  Other pigs This includes animals not included in the previous sections: boars, fattening animals of both sexes whose live weight is over 20 kilograms but under 50 kilograms and breeders who are to be slaughtered, both males and females.

5.17.5. Horses

This chapter includes the following species: Horse, mules and asses.

Includes all animals of this species, whatever their age, sex, breed or status: breeders, riding, work, competition and others. The horses used by the holder’s family for recreational purposes are included.

5.17.6. Poultry

Birds bred for hunting and not for meat production are excluded.

 Laying hens

Includes all hens which have already started laying, whether their eggs are intended for consumption or reproduction.

This also includes female chicks that have not started laying, cull hens and breeding cocks for laying hens.

 Broilers

Includes broilers and other chickens bred for the production of meat, whether they are in the breeding or fattening phase, whatever their weight, breed or age.

 Turkeys

Includes all turkeys, whatever their age, weight and purpose.

 Ducks

Includes all ducks, whatever their age, weight and purpose.

 Geese

Includes all Geese, whatever their age, weight and purpose. Institute

 Ostriches

Includes all Ostriches, whatever their age, weight and purpose. Statistics

National INE.

36  Other poultry

This includes pigeons, quails, pheasants, partridges and guinea fowls bred in captivity, whatever their age and weight. Those used for hunting are excluded.

5.17.7. Mother rabbits

Females that have given birth at least once, intended for the production of rabbits for meat.

5.17.8. Beehives

This includes all beehives, both movable and fixed, whatever their format.

5.17.9. Other animals This includes all animals bred in captivity that have not been included in previous headings and which belong to the holding and are used for the production of agricultural products, such as dromedaries and camels. Companion animals, male rabbits, fur animals, frogs, snails, worms, molluscs, and insects are excluded.

5.18. ORGANIC PRODUCTION The terms biological agriculture or ecological agriculture are synonymous with organic farming, but integrated agriculture is not organic farming. The use of the term organic production is regulated by Council Regulation (EC) No. 834/2007. In accordance with these standards for the classification of organic production, the following is required:

 Identification and separation of plots, animals and products used or produced ecologically from those that are not.  It must be registered before the corresponding authority/control body in each Autonomous Community and submit to its controls. The survey investigates both the area in which organic production methods are applied (qualified area), and the area that is in the conversion period. Organic farming areas (qualified and/or in the conversion period) for the following crops are includ- Institute ed:  Grain cereals

 Grain legumes Statistics  Potatoes

 Sugar beet National INE.

37  Oilseeds

 Vegetables, melons and strawberries

 Permanent pastures and meadows and multi-annual green fodder

 Citrus fruit

 Other fruits (except citrus) and berries

 Olive grove

 Vineyard  Other crops Included in this group are all crops not mentioned in the previous sections: roots and tubers for fodder, industrial crops, flowers and ornamental plants, fodder crops except multi-annual green fodder, seeds and seedlings for sale, other arable crops, fallow land, other areas used for pastures such as meadows, nurseries, permanent crops in greenhouses and other permanent crops. In addition, it is investigated if organic production methods are also applied to animal production. The survey records the number of heads of:

 Cattle

 Sheep and goats

 Pigs

 Poultry

The existence or not of other animals is also studied. Qualified organic production area is understood as the agricultural area used in which the production is fully compliant with the principles of organic production and has therefore passed the conversion period. The area under conversion period to organic farming methods refers to the agricultural area used in which organic farming methods are applied, but in which the necessary conversion period has not yet been completed, that is, the period from the initial registration before the relevant authority/control body until its final quali- fication. In addition to the general standards, organic plant production will require: Institute  Tillage and cultivation practices that maintain or increase soil organic matter, strengthen soil stability and biodiversity and prevent soil compaction and erosion. Statistics  The fertility and biological activity of the soil should be maintained or increased with multi-annual rotations of crops such as legumes and other green manures

and the application of animal manure from organic production. National  The use of biological preparations is allowed. INE.

38  Only previously authorised fertilisers and soil conditioners may be used.  Mineral nitrogen fertilisers may not be used.  All production techniques used will prevent or minimize any contribution to environmental pollution.  The prevention of damages caused by pests, diseases and weeds will be fun- damentally based on the protection of natural enemies, the choice of natural species, the rotation of crops, cultivation techniques and thermal processes.  In the event of a threat to a harvest, only certain authorized phytosanitary products can be used.  Organic seeds and production materials must be used.  Only previously authorized cleaning and disinfection products for plant production will be used.  The collection of wild plants that grow naturally in natural areas, forests and agricultural areas are only considered organic if they have not treated with non- organic products for at least three years prior to collection, and collection does not affect the stability of the natural habitat or the maintenance of the species in the area. With regard to livestock production:  Non-organically raised animals may be taken to a holding, but they will only be considered organic after the conversion period.  The stocking density will be limited and the housing conditions must be adjust- ed to the development needs and the physiological and ethological needs of the animals.

 Management techniques that promote animal welfare will be used.

 For breeding, suitable breeds will be chosen and natural methods will be used, although artificial insemination is allowed, provided it is not induced with hor- monal treatments. Cloning or the transfer of embryos is not allowed.  Feeding will be based on organic feed.  The prevention of diseases will be based on the selection of breeds and organic livestock management practices.

Institute Statistics National INE.

5.19. RURAL DEVELOPMENT MEASURES FROM WHICH THE HOLDING HAS BENEFITED IN THE LAST TWO YEARS

Information is collected on whether the holding has benefited from any rural development measure during the last two years (2015 and 2016) under the European Ag- ricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD). These measures are listed in Title III, Chapter 1 of Council Regulation (EC) No. 1305/2013.

Those measures directly received by the holding are included. Therefore, measures at a higher level (regional or group) are not included, although the holding has indi- rectly benefited from this aid. The holding will be considered to have benefited from a measure provided that it has been accepted, even if the payment has not yet been made.

Only the measures included in Regulation 1305/2013 are included. This means that in practice, only the measures from 2015 and 2016 will be registered, since the new Rural Development Programmes began in 2015.

The following measures are included in this section:

a) Participation in programmes related to the quality of agricultural products and food.

This aid is granted to farmers who participate for the first time in quality schemes for agricultural products and foodstuffs in accordance with Article 16 of the above Regulation.

b) Aid related to the Water Framework Directive and Natura 2000.

This measure was established in Article 30 of Regulation 1305/2013, and through it, aid is granted annually per hectare of agricultural area or hectare of forest area, in order to compensate beneficiaries for additional costs and income losses that they have experienced as a result of the difficulties arising from Directives 92/43 EEC and 2009/147/EC and the Water Framework Directive of the areas in question.

c) Agri-environmental and climate aid The measure is described in Article 28 of Regulation 1305/2013. This aid is to be used for both maintenance and the promotion of necessary changes in agricultural practices that contribute positively to the environment and climate. Commitments under this measure will be contracted for a period of

five to seven years and the aid will be granted annually to compensate the ben- Institute eficiaries for all or part of the additional costs and loss of income as a result of their commitments.

Commitments of this measure do not cover the organic farming commitments. Statistics d) Organic farming

The measure is described in Article 29 of Regulation 1305/2013. The aid provid- National ed is granted per hectare of agricultural land to those farmers who voluntarily INE.

40 commit to adopt or maintain organic farming practices and methods. This aid will be granted annually and will compensate the beneficiaries for all or part of the additional costs and losses of income resulting from the commitments made. e) Aid for the welfare of animals. The measure is described in Article 33 of Regulation 1305/2013. Payments for this animal welfare measure will only cover the commitments that impose higher demands than the corresponding obligatory standards. This aid will be granted annually and will compensate the beneficiaries for all or part of the additional costs and losses of income resulting from the commitments made. f) Investment in physical assets

The measure is described in Article 17 of Regulation 1305/2013.

The aid of this measure includes tangible or intangible investments:

- that improve the overall performance and sustainability of the agricultural holding

- in transformation, marketing or development of the agricultural products.

- in infrastructure for the development, modernisation or adaptation of agriculture and forestry, including access to agricultural and forestry areas, the consolidation and improvement of land and the provision and saving of energy and water; or

- non-productive investments linked to agro-environmental objectives and climate, such as the biodiversity conservation status of species and habitats, and the reinforcement of the public utility character of an area in the Natura 2000 network or other systems of high natural value.

It also includes aid to young farmers who, for the first time, establish themselves as holders of an agricultural holding with respect to the investments made to comply with EU standards applicable to agricultural production in the field of occupational safety. g) Prevention and repair of damage caused to potential agricultural production capacity from natural disasters and catastrophes.

The measure is described in Article 18 of Regulation 1305/2013. Institute

The aid is granted to forest holders and covers the costs of:

- Construction of protection infrastructures. In the case of firewalls, the aid can Statistics also be used for maintenance costs. Activities related to agriculture are not subsidized in areas covered by agro-environmental commitments;

- local small-scale prevention activities against fires or other natural hazards, National including the use of grazing animals; INE.

41 - implementation and improvement of surveillance of forest fires, pests and diseases and the communication equipment;

- restoration of forest potential damaged by fires and other natural disasters, including pests and diseases, as well as catastrophes and events arising from climate change.

No aid will be granted to compensate for the loss of income resulting from the natural disaster. h) Development of agricultural holdings and companies

The measure is described in Article 19 of Regulation 1305/2013.

The aid under this measure covers:

- Aid for the creation of companies by young farmers, for non-agricultural activities in rural areas or for the development of small holdings;

- investment for the creation and development of non-agricultural activities;

- annual payments or a single payment for farmers eligible for the Small Farmers' Scheme and permanently transfer their holding to another farmer. i) Investment in the development of forest areas and improvement of the viability of forests.

The measure is described in Article 21 of Regulation 1305/2013.

The aid covers:

- the reforestation and creation of forest areas;

- the implementation of agro-forestry systems;

- the prevention and repair of damage caused to forests by forest fires, natural disasters and catastrophes, including pests and diseases, and climate-related threats;

- investments that increase adaptation capacity, environmental value and the mitigation potential of forest ecosystems;

- investments in forest technologies and technologies for the processing, mobilisation and marketing of forest products.

j) Reforestation and creation of forest areas Institute

The measure is described in Article 22 of Regulation 1305/2013.

The aid is granted to public and private holders and their associations, and co- Statistics vers the establishment costs and an annual premium per hectare covering agricultural income losses and maintenance costs, including previous and subsequent clearing, for a maximum period of twelve years. In the case of land be- National INE.

42 longing to the State, aid may only be granted when the body managing these land is a private body or a municipality.

The aid granted for the reforestation of land owned by public bodies or for fast- growing trees will only cover the implementation costs.

Both agricultural and non-agricultural land will be eligible. Species adapted to the environmental and climate conditions of the area will be planted when they meet the minimum environmental requirements. Aid will not be granted for the planting of trees for short rotation coppicing, Christmas trees or fast-growing trees for energy production. k) The implementation of agro-forestry systems

The measure is described in Article 23 of Regulation 1305/2013.

The aid is granted to private and municipal holders and their associations, and covers the implementation costs and an annual premium per hectare covering the maintenance costs for a maximum period of five years.

For the purposes of this aid, agro-forestry systems are considered to be systems for land use that combine tree maintenance with agriculture on the same land. l) Prevention and repair of damage to the forest caused by fire, natural disasters and catastrophes. The measure is described in Article 24 of Regulation 1305/2013. The aid is granted to public and private forest holders and covers the costs of:

- construction of protection infrastructures;

- local small-scale prevention activities against fires or other natural hazards; including the use of grazing animals;

- implementation and improvement of forest fire monitoring facilities, pests and diseases and the communication equipment; and

- restoration of forest potentially damaged by fires and other natural disasters, including pests and diseases, as well as catastrophes and events arising from climate change. m) Investments to increase the adaptation capacity and the environmental value of the forest ecosystems The measure is described in Article 25 of Regulation 1305/2013. Institute

The aid will be granted to natural persons and public and private forest holders.

Investments will be used to fulfil commitments to environmental objectives, to Statistics provide ecosystem services or to enhance the public utility nature of forests and forestry areas in the corresponding area or to increase the potential to mitigate

climate change in the ecosystem, without excluding the long-term economic National benefits. INE.

43 n) Investments in forest technologies and the transformation, mobilisation and marketing of forest products The measure is described in Article 26 of Regulation 1305/2013. The aid will be granted to public and private forest holders for investments aimed at improving forest potential or for the processing, mobilisation and marketing of forest products to increase their value. Investments aimed at increasing the economic value of the forests may include investments in machinery and forest exploitation practices that are respectful of soil and resources. Investments related to the use of wood as a raw material or energy source will be limited to all operations prior to the industrial transformation. o) Aid to areas with natural limitations or other specific limitation. The measure is described in Article 31 of Regulation 1305/2013. Payments will be granted annually per hectare of agricultural area to farmers in mountain areas and other areas with natural or specific limitation, to compensate them for all or part of the additional costs and loss of income as a result of the limitations on agricultural production in the area in question. p) Forest-environmental and climate services and forest conservation The measure is described in Article 34 of Regulation 1305/2013. Under this measure, aid will be granted per hectare of forest area to public and private forest holders who voluntarily commit themselves to carry out operations consisting of complying with one or more forest-environmental and climate commitments. Payments will be made only for those commitments that impose higher demands than the mandatory requirements. The commitments will be contracted for a period of five to seven years. q) Risk management The measure is described in Article 36 of Regulation 1305/2013. The aid under this measure covers:

- Financial contributions to crop, animal and plant insurance premiums for economic losses caused to farmers due to climatic adversities, animal or Institute plant diseases, pest infestations or an environmental incident;

- Financial contributions to mutual funds for the payment of financial compensation to farmers for economic losses caused by climatic adversities, the Statistics outbreak of an animal or plant disease or a pest infestation, or an environmental incident; National INE.

44 - An instrument of income stabilization consisting of financial contributions to mutual funds that offer compensation to farmers for a sharp decrease in their income.

5.20. RURAL DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES This section includes information on other complementary activities directly related to the holding, other than work on the holding and with economic repercussions for it. If several activities are carried out in the same holding, all must be registered. Complementary activities directly related to the exploitation is understood to be any activity in which the resources are used (surface, buildings, machines, etc.) or the products of the holding. Non-agricultural activities are included, as well as agricultural work carried out for other holdings. Complementary activities in this con- text means active work, so that purely financial investments are excluded. If only labour resources are used, these people will be considered to be working for two different entities; therefore, these activities will not be considered directly linked to the holding. Activities that do not have any direct link will not be included; for example, a hair- dressing salon, an insurance agency or a store where no own products are sold. The renting of the land for diverse activities will be excluded if the holding is not involved in said activities. The following activities are included:

 Tourism, accommodation and other recreational activities

All tourist activities, including accommodation, visits to the holding by tourists or other groups, sports, recreational activities, etc. provided that the areas, buildings or other resources of the holding are used. The activity carried out in a building different from those originally built for agricultural purposes is considered to be a separate commercial activity and should be excluded unless it im- proves activities already available on the holding; for example, a new building for camping.

 Handicrafts

Manufacture of handicrafts on the own holding by the holder, members of his family or by non-family labour, provided that they also do agricultural work, regardless of the way in which the products are sold. Institute

Statistics National INE.

45  Transformation of agricultural products

Any transformation in the exploitation of a basic agricultural product into a processed secondary product, whether the raw material has been produced on the holding or acquired abroad. This includes, among other things, the preparation of cold meats, cheese, preserves, etc.

The direct sale to consumers of these agricultural products will be included, provided that one of the phases of the processing of the product takes place on the holding. It does not therefore include milk sold directly to neighbours, as it does not require processing. Packaging is also included when it significantly increases the possibilities of promoting the product.

The processing of any product is included provided that said processing is not considered an agricultural activity. Thus, the production of wine and olive oil are not included unless a significant part of that production is made with products purchased from another holding. The production of products destined exclusively for own consumption or the sale of possible surpluses will not be included.  Production of renewable energy for sale This includes the production of renewable energy for the market, including biogas, biofuel or electricity by means of windmills or other equipment, or from other agricultural raw materials. Renewable energy produced to cover the own needs of the holding is excluded. Also excluded is the renting of land for the establishment of windmills and the sale of raw materials to other companies for the production of renewable energy.  Production of renewable energy for sale This includes the production of renewable energy for the market, including biogas, biofuel or electricity by means of windmills or other equipment, or from other agricultural raw materials. Renewable energy produced to cover the own needs of the holding is excluded. It also does not include the renting of land for the establishment of windmills and the sale of raw materials to other companies for the production of renewable energy.  Wood processing Institute Processing, in the holding, of raw wood destined for sale (construction timber sawmill, etc.).

Any subsequent processing should be included in handicrafts (for example, the Statistics manufacture of furniture from construction timber).

National INE.

46  Aquaculture

Production of fish, crabs, etc., reared on the holding, both in artificial environ- ments and in rivers, sea, etc., provided that the resources or products of the holding are used. Fishing activities are excluded.  Agricultural work under contract for other holdings carried out with equipment of the holding. Agricultural work under contract generally carried out with holding material for other holdings, such as landscape maintenance, agricultural and environmental services, etc.  Non-agricultural work under contract Non-agricultural work under contract made with material from the holding outside the agricultural sector, for example: snow removal, haulage work, etc.  Forestry. Forest work using the labour force, machinery and equipment of the holding carried out on the holding itself or on other holdings.  Any activity linked to the provision of health, social or educational services in which the resources or the primary products of the holding are used. It covers a wide range of activities, such as educational or pedagogical farms, care for the elderly, children and others (disabled, drug addicts, maternity services, etc.), services for schools (catering, integrated social and recreational activities, etc.), day care centres, health centres and others, territory maintenance services, mo- bility and transport services for children, the elderly and disabled, and therapies and accommodation for pets.  Others Other complementary activities distinct from the above, including, among others, the breeding of animals for fur. This includes the use during part of the year of buildings for the storage of cara- vans, boats and other objects, provided that such buildings are used for agricultural purposes for the rest of the year. The renting of buildings that are not used for agricultural purposes is excluded since it is not considered an activity directly related to the holding.

5.20.1. Importance of other complementary activities directly related to the holding Institute

The importance of the other complementary activities is measured according to the percentage ( 10%; 10 < %  50 and 50%) that these other activities represent in the final production of the holding. Statistics

The final production includes all income from agriculture and livestock and other

complementary activities plus direct payments. Income from other non-agricultural National INE.

47 activities is excluded (labour income, capital income and income from social transfers).

Direct payments include both coupled and decoupled aid and exclude investment aid.

5.21. DESTINATION OF THE HOLDING'S PRODUCTION This section investigates, on the one hand, whether the holder’s home consumes more than 50% of the value of the final production of the holding and, on the other hand, whether direct sales to the consumer represent more than 50% of the total sales. A household is understood as the family unit to which the holder belongs and in which the family members share the same accommodation and all or part of their income and which collectively consume certain types of goods or services, mainly the house and food. Gifts to family members will be considered household consumption. The definition of final production coincides with that of usable production used in the agriculture accounting, that is, it does not include the products used as inputs, nor the current losses of goods in stock (losses in the field, losses during harvesting and subsequent losses in holdings due to the perishable nature of the products, climate accidents such as frost, drought, etc.). For example, fodder for livestock production should not be taken into account in the final production. Direct sales to the consumer means sales of agricultural products, processed or not, produced by the holding itself, directly to consumers for consumption. The percentage is measured in money, regardless of whether it has been paid in cash or in kind or both. Obviously, 50% should not be considered the result of an exact calculation, but simply an order of magnitude.

5.22. TILLAGE OF LAND IN ARABLE CROPS This characteristic refers to the area of arable crops outdoors (excluding greenhouses) during the reference year. Only the tillage carried out in the main crops (not successive crops) between the harvest and the next sowing is considered.

The area of those multi-annual arable crops not sown during the reference year (for Institute example, hops or multi-annual green fodder crops) are excluded. Also excluded is land for permanent pastures, family gardens, woody crops and

greenhouse areas. Statistics Three types of tillage are considered: National INE.

48  Conventional (ploughing with mouldboard or discs). The area is registered with a tillage that entails the inversion of the soil, usually with a mouldboard plough or disk in a first operation followed by a second tillage with a disc harrow.  Minimum tillage. Conservation tillage practice that keeps plant residues (at least thirty percent) on the surface of the soil for erosion control and moisture conservation, usually without inverting the soil. This practice may include the following systems: a) Tillage in bands or stripes. This refers to a system where the furrows five to twenty centimetres wide are prepared to receive the seed, while the soil between the furrows is not touched and remains covered by residues. This system causes more disturbance in the soil and provides less cover along the rows than direct sowing. b) Vertical tillage. Refers to a system where the land is prepared with a plough that does not invert the soil and causes little compaction. For this reason, the surface usually remains with a good cover of residues. c) Tillage in ridges. This is the system of ridges and furrows. The ridges can be narrow or wide and the furrows can be parallel to the contour lines or built with a slight slope, depending on whether the objective is to conserve moisture or to drain excess moisture. The ridges can be semi-permanent or built each year, which will determine the amount of material residue that remains on the surface. With the semi-permanent system, which has a good residue cover between the ridges, there will still be less cover than with the direct seeding system. In general, this system is less conservative than tillage in bands.  Direct sowing (no tillage). This is a minimum tillage practice in which the crop is sown directly into the uncultivated soil from the harvest of the previous crop. The fight against weeds is achieved through the use of herbicides and stubble is maintained to control erosion.

5.23. ACTIONS FOR SOIL CONSERVATION

5.23.1. Winter soil cover in arable crops This section includes the area of arable crops sown/cultivated in the reference year which are covered or not with plants or residues during the winter. Institute Those arable crops that are not planted during the reference year, such as hops or multi-annual green fodder, are excluded. Also excluded are family gardens, land for permanent pastures, woody crops and greenhouse surfaces. Statistics Agricultural land that is bare or without plant residue on the surface is especially vulnerable to nutrient loss. To reduce these losses, which are harmful to both the

environment and the economy, one of the most effective tools is to always keep the National INE.

49 land covered with plants. This reduces soil erosion and the loss of nutrients, pesti- cides and faecal microbes and increases the organic material in the soil.

The following types of coverage are considered:  Winter cultivation. Area of arable crops that are planted in the autumn and that grown during the winter (such as winter cereals) and are normally harvested or used as pasture.  Cover crops or intermediate crops. These are plants that are sown specifically to reduce the loss of fertiliser substances because of their dispersion in the air and surface or underground waters during the winter or other periods when the land may be bare and susceptible to losses. They are usually buried during the spring before planting another crop and are not harvested or used as pasture.  Plant residues. Land covered with plant residues and stubble from the last crop during the winter, regardless of whether they come from the previous harvest or have been added by the farmer.

Plant residues may be straw, stubble or other plant parts that provide good coverage, such as sugar beets. Potatoes are excluded because the stems degrade rapidly.

Tillage operations are carried out in spring, although certain operations can be carried out in the autumn, provided sufficient plant residues are left on the surface. These tillage methods can be carried out with chisel plough, discs or similar. Straw can be removed for energy or other uses, but a minimum residue of 10% must be maintained.

This includes the spontaneous resprouting of cereals.  Bare soil. Surface that is ploughed or tilled in autumn, but not planted or covered in winter with any plant residue, so that it remains bare until planting in the spring.

Those tillage methods that leave more than 10% of the plant residues on the surface are excluded, as they are included in plant waste.

5.23.2. Rotation of arable crops This section is concerned with the area of arable crops that are not part of the planned crop rotation. These are areas that are cultivated with the same crop for a period of three or more consecutive years. Institute Certain multi-annual crops such as ornamental, industrial or other plants (roses, asparagus, hops, strawberries, etc.) are considered monocultures if they remain in the same field for more than three years. Statistics Vegetables in horticultural crops, greenhouse crops and permanent pasture lands

are excluded. National INE.

50 Crop rotation is a technique that consists of the annual alternation of different crops on the same surface or plot in a planned time sequence. On the contrary, when the same crop is planted year after year on the same area, it is called monoculture. The rotation of different cereal species is considered crop rotation.

5.23.3. Ecological Focus Areas (EFA) that have received aid in accordance with Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013. Areas guaranteed to be of ecological interest according to Article 47 of Regulation (EU) No. 1307/2013: fallows, nitrogen-fixing crops, forested areas within the framework of rural development programmes and areas dedicated to agro-forestry. The total Ecological Focus Area obtained by multiplying these areas by a weighting factor according to the reported environmental benefit will be registered. In the case of the categories selected by Spain, in three of them, the weighting factor is equal to the unit (fallow, forested surfaces and areas dedicated to agro-forestry). Therefore, the declared area will be fully computed as EFA. While the areas dedicated to nitrogen-fixing crops will be multiplied by a factor of 0.7. In this way, 1.43 ha of nitrogen-fixing crops will be needed to count as one EFA. With the exception of forested areas, EFAs must be located on crop land of the holding. That is, EFAs will not be accounted for on areas declared permanent pastures or permanent crops. The following are considered nitrogen-fixing crops: a) Grain legumes for human or animal consumption (beans, chickpeas, lentils, peas, broad and field beans, lupin, carob, red pea, grasspea, vetch, ervil, fenugreek, peas and grasspeas. b) Fodder legumes (alfalfa, fodder vetch, sainfoin and honeysuckle). Mixtures of nitrogen-fixing crops with other types of crops that do not have the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen to the soil (such as the vetch-oat mixture) are not considered EFA. They will only be recorded on holdings with more than 15 ha of arable crops.

Institute Statistics National INE.

5.24. MANURE UTILISATION AND APPLICATION TECHNIQUES Manure consists of the following types: Solid manure is defined as the excrement of domestic animals with or without bedding straw, which possibly contains a small amount of urine. Slurry is the urine of domestic animals that possibly contains a small amount of excrement and/or water. Semi-liquid manure or lisier is a mix of excrement and urine from domestic animals that may possibly contain water and/or a small quantity of bedding straw. The survey investigates the percentage of the total manure of the holding (produced and imported less exported) that is distributed in the agricultural land with the different available techniques.

 Diffusion of manure. Manure, of any type, is spread over the surface or crop area without the use of injection or band spreading techniques. In this technique, the survey is interested in the following: a) The percentage of total manure without incorporation. That is, through a process by which the applied manure is mixed with or buried in the soil using appropriate cultivation machinery. This includes manure that has not been incorporated into the soil 24 hours after application. b) The percentage of the total manure incorporated within 4 hours. That is, the manure applied mechanically that has been incorporated into the soil within four hours after its application. c) The percentage of the total manure incorporated between 4 and 24 hours after application.

 Spreading in bands. Application of slurry and semi-liquid manure in an area in parallel furrows without manure between them, using a device (spreader) fixed at the end of a tanker or a tractor to discharge the slurry or semi-liquid manure on the ground. Within this technique, the survey investigates the total percentage of slurry and semi-liquid manure spread with trailing hose (type of spreader in bands consisting of several hoses mounted to a bar, but not using devices designed to separate the leaves of crops or grass) or with trailing shoe (type of spreader in bands consisting of several devices in the shape of a foot or shoe, mounted on a bar intended to separate the leaves of the crops or grass in order to apply the manure on the surface of the farrows and reduce the contamination

of crops or pastures. Institute

 Injection. Spreading of slurry or semi-liquid manure by opening grooves in the soil at a variable depth, depending on the type of injector. The injection can be

shallow (open furrow) in shallow grooves, generally about 50 mm, and left Statistics open; or deep (closed groove) in deep grooves, generally about 150 mm, and closed. National INE.

52 In addition, the total tonnes of manure produced on the holding is analysed, distinguishing the tonnes of manure produced on the holding that is not used there (leaves the holding) and the total tonnes of manure used on the holding that has not been produced there (acquired from other holdings).

5.25. AGRICULTURAL LABOUR ON THE HOLDING

Agricultural labour force is made up of all those persons who, having exceeded the compulsory school age, have performed agricultural work during the period 1-10-2015 and 30-9-2016.

Persons who have reached retirement age and continue to work on the holding should also be included as agricultural labour force.

Agricultural work is considered to be all human activity that contributes to the financial results of the agricultural holding. It covers:

 Organisation and management work: purchases, sales, accounting.

 Work for the sowing, cultivation and harvesting of crops.

 Livestock work: preparation and distribution of food, milking and care of the animals.

 Storage and conditioning work on the holding: silage, fencing, packaging.

 Maintenance work on buildings, machinery and facilities.

Labour employed in the holding by others, or through mutual assistance regime, is not considered, for example, labour through an agricultural services company or cooperatives. Domestic tasks carried out by the holder or members of his family or by non-family salaried workers will not be considered as agricultural work of the holding either. Work involving the manufacture of products deriving from the holding’s production, such as cheese or cold meats, is also excluded. Work involving forestry, hunting or fishing and other non-agricultural activities, whether or not carried out by the holding, are also not considered agricultural work, as long as it is possible to measure them separately.

Transport work relating to the holding is only considered if it is carried out by the holding’s employees.

Institute 5.25.1. Family labour

This characteristic is only included in agricultural holdings whose holder is a natu-

ral person. The holder, his/her spouse or partner and other family members are Statistics considered as family labour as long as they carry out agricultural work for the holding on a continuous or temporary basis, as wage earners or not. National INE.

53 Other members of the holder’s family include ascendants, descendants and other relatives, including persons related by marriage or adoption, regardless of whether they live on the holding or elsewhere.

For the holder, the variables sex, age and working days on the holding are collected and whether or not he has performed any other complementary activity. This last variable is only recorded for those holders who are at the same time manager of the holding.

For the rest of the family members, including the holder's spouse, the following individual data is collected: sex, number of days worked, if they regularly receive any kind of remuneration and if they have performed any other complementary activity.

Complementary activity is understood to be any activity, excluding the activity related to the above-mentioned agricultural work, carried out in return for remuneration (compensation, salary, benefits, fees or other income for services provided, including payment in kind). Both activities carried out on the holding itself (camping sites, hostels for tourists, etc.) and agricultural or not-agricultural activities carried out outside the holding are considered.

Main activity is the activity that occupies the most time, while the secondary activity is that which occupies less time.

5.25.2. Non-family labour force Is the labour force which is supplied by persons different from the holder and family members who perform agricultural work on the holding and who receive some kind of remuneration (salary, wages, profit sharing, or other type of payment, including payment in kind).

The members of a cooperative or association who perform agricultural work on the holding will be considered non-family labour, regardless of whether they are salaried employees or not.

This includes:

a) Labour by permanent employees, whose work is continuous throughout the year.

This includes those persons who only were able to work during one part of the

agricultural season for the following reasons: Institute

- Special conditions of the holding's production which only requires work during part of the agricultural year. Statistics - Absence for vacation, illness, accident or death.

- Commencement or termination of employment on the holding. This includes

those workers who stop working on one holding to start working on another National during the agricultural season. INE.

54 - Total cessation of activities on the holding due to accidental causes (flood, fire, etc.)

Information is collected with respect to the number of persons classified by sex and intervals of full days or their equivalent, worked on the holding.

The manager of the holding is also included if he/she is not included in the family labour section. Apart from sex and age group, it is investigated whether the salaried managers carry out any other complementary activity, distinguishing whether it is a main or secondary activity.

Also included are the other permanent employees who are involved in complementary activities directly related to the holding, distinguishing whether the activity is principal or secondary.

b) Labour force of casual workers. The number of days worked by workers is registered.

A day of work is understood to be any working day of such duration that the worker receives the wage corresponding to a full working day, and during which, the work normally done by full-time agricultural labour is performed. Va- cation and sick days will not be counted as work days.

A full working day is the normal working day of regularly employed full-time employees. Working time of casual labour is converted into full-time working- days, even if the contract specifies that the working days are longer or shorter than those of regularly employed workers.

5.25.3. Days worked on the holding by persons not directly employed by the holder

The number of days worked on the holding by persons who have not been directly employed by the holder during the twelve months of the agricultural season is investigated, for example, self-employed workers or employees from contracted companies. Work carried out by accounting firms and performed on a non-remunerated basis by mutual assistance are excluded.

6. Measurement units and types of holdings

Institute

6.1. MEASUREMENT UNITS

Statistics

6.1.1. Area units Crop areas are expressed in hectares and areas. National INE.

6.1.2. Livestock units Livestock data are expressed in number of heads or in livestock units (LU), which are obtained by applying a coefficient to each species and type in order to group different species in one common unit. The coefficients used are:

Livestock Units 1 Horses Dairy Cows 0.8 Breeding sows and 0.5 Other Cows replacement gilts 0.027 Male cattle aged 24 1 Piglets 0.3 months and over Other pigs 0.014 Female cattle aged 24 0.8 Laying hens 0.007 months and over Broilers 0.35 Cattle aged 12 to less 0.7 Ostriches 0.03 than 24 months Other poultry 0.02 Cattle under 12 0.4 Mother rabbits months 0.1 Sheep Livestock Coefficient Units 0.1 Coefficient Goats 0.8

Beehives which are not converted into LU are excluded.

6.1.3. Labour units Labour data on the holding are expressed in number working days, in percentage of working time or in annual-labour units (ALU); one ALU is equivalent to the work carried out by one person on a full-time basis over one year. The following table gives the equivalences between ALUs, working days, hours worked and percentage of annual work time of one person working on a full time basis:

Percentage > 0 to < 456 57 to < 114 0.250 to < 0.500 > 0 to <25% 446 to < 912 114 to < 171 0.500 to <

912 to < 1369 171 to < 228 Institute 25 to <50% 0.750 1369 to < 1826 228 and over 50 to <75% 0.750 to < 1 75 to <100% 1826 and over ALU

More than 1 Statistics =100% Working days > 0 to < 0.250 Hours > 0 to 57 National INE.

6.1.4. Other conventional measurement units In the 2016 survey, the following conventional units are also used: a) Production Standard (PS) The production of an agricultural characteristic is the monetary value of the gross production at the farm-gate price. The Production Standard (PS) is understood to be the value of the production corresponding to the average of a certain region for each agricultural characteristic. Production means the sum of the value of the main product or products and the secondary product or products. The values are calculated by multiplying the production per unit by the farm-gate price, without including VAT, taxes on products and direct payments. The Production Standards correspond to a production period of 12 months (agricultural year from 1 October 2015 to 30 September 2016). For plant and animal products for which the period is longer or shorter than 12 months, a PS will be calculated corresponding to the increase or annual production of 12 months. The PSs are provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and the Environment.

Production standards will be determined using average basic data calculated over a reference period of five years. They are occasionally updated according to economic trends.

The Total Standard Production (TSP) of the holding will be the sum of the values obtained for each characteristic, multiplying the production standards per unit by the number of corresponding units.

b) Unit of economic size

Holdings are classified in accordance with their economic size into different classes.

The economic size of the holding will be defined based on the total standard production of the holding, expressed in euros.

6.2. TYPES OF HOLDINGS

The type is a double classification of the agricultural holdings according to:

The technical-economic orientation

The economic size Institute

Both the size and orientation are determined on the basis of the standard production. Statistics The economic size of the holding is the total standard production of the holding expressed in euros. National INE.

57 The Technical-Economic Orientation (TEO) is defined based on the relative contribution of the standard production of the various characteristics of said holding with respect to the total standard production of the holding.

The classification of agricultural holdings is organised in order to form homogene- ous groups of holdings with a greater or lesser degree of aggregation and to com- pare their status.

The classification by TEO appears in annex V.

7. Data collection

7.1. DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES A multi-channel methodology will be used for data collection, with different collection systems: postal mail, CAWI, CATI and computer-assisted face-to-face interviews (CAPI) and will be carried out in two distinct phases: Phase 1: Postal, Online completion (CAWI) and computer assisted telephone interviews (CATI). From October to 30 December 2016 This step will consist of sending and receiving questionnaires through ordinary mail to the holders of the holdings included in the sample who can complete the data on paper or through an online questionnaire (CAWI). To support the collection, a free hotline (L900) will be set up to answer and resolve queries from respondents. All questionnaires received by mail will be recorded. Those respondents who need some kind of clarification or correction regarding the data they have provided will be contacted by telephone to ensure accurate information. During the month of November 2016, and after making two complaints through postal mail, the collection of information will begin through telephone calls, CATI channels, of those questionnaires pending to be collected and from which contact telephone numbers are available. The holders of the holdings from which no response is obtained at this phase will be assigned to Phase 2 for face-to-face interviews. Phase 2: CAPI (face-to-face interview assisted by computer) From 9 January to 28 February 2017

Information will be collected through computer-assisted face-to-face interviews Institute (CAPI) from the holders of the holdings who have not returned a completed questionnaire during Phase 1.

The interviews will be carried out at the address of the holder or respondent. A let- Statistics ter announcing this visit will have been sent in advance, and an attempt will be made to contact them by telephone to confirm the appointment or to schedule a new one. National

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7.2. PERSONNEL INVOLVED IN DATA COLLECTION An external company will be responsible for all phases of the data collection. The personnel involved with the survey will perform one of the following roles: - Interviewers - Inspectors - Survey managers - Telephone support staff The interviewers will be responsible for carrying out the interviews with the holders of the agricultural holdings either through telephone, CATI channel and face to face, CAPI channel. In addition, they will be responsible for recording the questionnaires received by postal mail and for the filtering and validation of the questionnaires received both by mail and by the CAWI channel.

The Inspectors will monitor the work carried out by the interviewers, especially taking into account the questionnaires of those agricultural holdings with some sort of incident or error detected in the filtering phase. In the case of the CATI and CAPI channels, they will carry out face-to-face inspections with the interviewers and through telephone contacts with the respondents according to the amount listed in the awarded company’s bid. The survey managers, according to the standards established by the INE, will control and inspect the field work, analysing, verifying the results obtained. The telephone support staff will be responsible for the 900 line. In addition to the staff of the external company, the INE will have a team of inspectors who will perform the quality control of the company's work through telephone contacts with a selection of holders of the holdings that have responded to the survey.

7.3. MATERIAL

During phase 1, the questionnaires and instructions will be available in Spanish and in the languages used in each Autonomous Community. The questionnaire and instructions will be accompanied by the letter of introduction to the Survey and a postage-paid envelope so that respondents can return the completed questionnaires free of charge. The questionnaire label will indicate, together with the identi-

fication data of the holder and the holding, the Internet address at which the ques- Institute tionnaire is accessible if the informant wishes to use this means.

The management of the survey, collection, recording, filtering and inspection will

be done through the IRIA application of the General Subdirectorate of Information Statistics and Communication Technologies of the INE.

All material for the CATI channel in phase 1 and CAPI, in phase 2, will be integrated into the computer application. National INE.

59 During phase 2, laptops will be used to conduct face-to-face interviews.

8. Sample design The sample design of the Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings (SSAO) is stratified random. Each stratum is formed by the crossing of Autonomous Com- munity, technical-economic orientation to two digits (TEO2) and size group. The sample size is calculated applying optimum allocation, meeting the precision requirements established in Annex IV of the EEC Regulation No. 1166/2008. The estimators are simple expansion. The SSAO2016 sample consists of a sample panel already investigated in the SSAO2013 and a sample of registrations. To keep the panel updated, the daughter holding method is applied, which allows the sample to incorporate holdings that emerged after the last survey was completed. In order to complement the previous method, in 2016, it has been investigated a sample of additions, new holdings that appeared after 2013, obtained from a framework formed from administrative files of the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Food and Environment. The sample panel was designed using the framework of holdings obtained from the 2009 Agrarian Census, with 989,796 holdings. The most relevant points of the design are detailed below.

8.1. DETERMINATION OF THE EXHAUSTIVE HOLDINGS First, exhaustive holdings are chosen as those meeting one of the following conditions: Used agricultural area (UAA) >= 5000 hectares Tilled Land (TL) >= 1000 hectares Livestock Units (LU) >= 5000 Annual Labour Units (ALU) >= 50 These conditions are reduced in some Autonomous Communities so that at the end, approximately 0.1% of the total number of holdings in each Autonomous Community is obtained. Second, to reduce the dispersion of agricultural, livestock and labour variables, a second criterion is used to select exhaustive holdings: the sigma deviation rule (Ju- lien and Mandala, 1990). This rule is applied in each Autonomous Community and Institute TEO2 to the following variables: UAA, TL, LU and ALU. This consists of sorting the holdings from lower to higher, according to a certain variable, and taking as ex-

haustive those that follow the first one where the difference from the previous is Statistics greater than the standard deviation of said variable. The number of exhaustive holdings represents 0.5% of the total framework. National

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60 8.2. STRATIFICATION For the sample panel, the stratum is defined by the crossing of the Autonomous Community, TEO2 and 6 size groups. The variables that define the size are UAA and TL in TEOs of agricultural predominance and UAA and LU in TEOs of livestock predominance. For each of these variables, 5 size groups are initially created, applying the cumula- tive of the square root of the frequency method (see Cochran 1977). Let GUAA, GTL and GLU be each of the categorical variables that determine the size groups of a holding, according to the previous rule. These variables take values between 1 and 5; 1 represents the group of the smallest holdings and 5 represents the group with the largest ones. Then, the group of general size is defined as follows: - For TEOs of agricultural predominance: SIZE=MAX(GTL, GUAA) - For TEOs of livestock predominance: SIZE=MAX(GLU, GUAA) In order to increase the homogeneity in the size 5 group, which contains large holdings by any of the variables considered, an additional group is defined: size 6. When both variables in group 5 (GTL and GUAA or GLU and GUAA) take the value 5, the size group becomes group 6. For the sample of registrations, the stratum is formed similarly, but but since there is less auxiliary information and the TEO2 is unknown, in each Autonomous Com- munity 14 groups are formed according to the predominant crop or livestock and 4 size strata.

8.3. SAMPLE SIZE, ALLOCATION AND SAMPLE SELECTION The size of the panel sample is calculated applying optimum allocation, meeting the precision requirements established in Annex IV of the EEC Regulation No. 1166/2008. These requirements consist of setting a 5% variation coefficient by Autonomous Community, for a list of agricultural and livestock characteristics, which meet the following conditions:

For agricultural characteristics: those that represent 7.5% or more of the UAA of the Institute Autonomous Community. For livestock characteristics: those that represent 7.5% or more of the LU of the Au-

tonomous Community and more than 5% of the national total of said characteristic. Statistics The list of characteristics is as follows: - Agricultural characteristics: National 1. Lands for pastures INE.

61 2. Cereals 3. Legumes, potatoes and industrial crops 4. Fodder crops 5. Vegetables and flowers 6. Fruits, olive groves, vineyards, nurseries and greenhouses - Livestock characteristics: 1. Cattle 2. Sheep and goats 3. Pigs 4. Poultry

For each Autonomous Community and TEO2, the nco sample size is calculated, solv- ing the following optimization problem:

6 n Min  n cot 1t: a sujeto a V Xˆ cov  C 2 X 2 cov cov where the subscript “c” indicates the Autonomous Community, “o” the TEO2, “t” the size of the groups, “v” each variable (agricultural and livestock characteristics determined by the Regulation) and ncot represents the sample size in the stratum indicated by the subscript.

The coefficient Ccov is established as follows: C =C cov 1/2 ( X / X cvcov )H where H is the number of TEO2s in the Autonomous Community and C=0.05.

In this manner, it is ensured that the variation coefficient for the total of the variable “v” in the Autonomous Community “c” is less than C=5%, given that: H H 2 2 C X cov 2 Institute ˆ 2 2  C= 2 V( X cv )  C cov X cov  2 X cv 1=o 1=o ( X cov / X cv ) H To resolve this optimization problem, the Bethel algorithm is used (Répartition de l'échantillon dans les enquêtes à plusieurs variables, Techniques d'enquêtes, 1989, Statistics vol. 15 no. 1, pp. 49-60). National INE.

62 In the case of the sample of registrations, the size is calculated applying the optimal and proportional allocation. The default errors in the optimal allocation are similar to the panel sample. The sample is selected within each stratum randomly.

8.4. DAUGHTER HOLDINGS To mitigate the effect of the directory deterioration over time, the “daughter holding” method is applied. This is based on the hypothesis that no new agricultural land appears in a country, so that if a new holding appears, the land should belong to holdings that already existed at the time of the Census. This idea makes it possible to define for each new holding (or daughter) a mother holding.. All daughter holdings of the sample units are also included in the sample with the same elevation factor (because they have the same probability of selection) as their mother. The affiliation is determined using the following criteria: A holding Y will be the daughter of holding X if it meets the following conditions: - It was not agricultural in the previous survey. - Most of the land used by Y come from holding X. - It does not belong to the registrations framework.

8.5. ESTIMATORS

8.5.1. Estimators of variable totals In each Autonomous Community, simple expansion estimators are constructed. For:

Nh = Population of stratum h estimated in the SSAH2013.

dh = Units of the sample in stratum h where one of the following incidents has occurred:  TH: transfer of the holding that has not resulted in a daughter holding  AB: abandonment of the holding that has not resulted in a daughter holding  OP: other purposes that have not resulted in a daughter holding  “WI”: wrongly included Institute = Units of the sample in stratum h where one of the following incidents has occurred:

 TH: transfer of the holding that has resulted in a daughter holding Statistics  AB: abandonment of the holding that has resulted in a daughter holding

 OP: other purposes that have resulted in a daughter holding National INE.

63 = Units of the initial sample in stratum h. = Units of the sample in stratum h that are not daughter holdings. = Daughter holdings of the holdings in stratum h.

The estimated population in stratum h, Nh, and its elevation factor, Fh, are derived as follows: 1

1 1

Then, the estimator of the total of variable Y for stratum h is:

The estimate of the total Y in a certain Autonomous Community is obtained by adding the estimates of all the strata of that Autonomous Community. The estimate of the national total will be obtained by adding the estimates for all of the strata

8.5.2. Estimates of sample errors The relative sampling error or coefficient of variation, for the estimator of the total Y in domain m, is given by the following expression:

100 In which:

Where Institute mh: number of sample units with questionnaires in stratum h. : random variable that takes value 1 if holding i belongs to domain m and 0 otherwise.

Statistics To calculate the Raulin formula is used, which gives a good approximation to the direct method and is given as follows: National INE.

64 1 1 In which:

∑ The variance of the estimator of the total of one variable for a given sum of strata will be given by the sum of the variances of the strata.

Under the assumption of normality, the variation coefficient of the estimator establishes a probabilistic level of the relative error of the estimator in the following sense: ˆ |  YY | ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ P[   2/ (YVCz  [|1)] |  2/ (YVzYYP 1])   Yˆ

Where zα /2 is such that P[|z|

For α=5%, zα/2=1.96 and therefore:

[| ˆ  96,1| ˆ(YVYYP ˆ  95,0])

In order for the user of the data to have an idea of the accuracy of the estimates, the publication of the results includes a table with the variation coefficients of some of the most relevant variables for the national total and by Autonomous Community.

8.5.2.1. TABLE 1: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant aggregate variables.

Table 1. Variation coefficients (in percent) of the most relevant aggregate variables. SAH2016 Area Land Units Units of useful agricultural tilled livestock work_year National Total 0.34 0.36 0.54 0.97 Andalucía 0.83 0.91 1.35 2.64

Aragón 1 1.03 2.03 2.15 Institute Asturias 1.16 5.55 2.03 2.75 Illes Balears 0.97 1.06 1.19 2.9 Canarias 1.62 1.28 2.27 2.12 Statistics Cantabria 2.7 4.6 2.56 3.26 Castilla ‐ León 0.89 0.89 1.39 1.67 Castilla‐La Mancha 0.77 0.79 1.76 2.51 National Cataluña 0.94 1 1.51 2.74 INE.

65 Com. Valenciana 1.05 1.16 2.22 4.06 Extremadura 1.24 1.3 1.61 2.48 Galicia 1.3 1.8 1.43 1.97 Madrid 1.28 1.34 1.96 3.93 Murcia 1.13 1.15 2.44 3.99 Navarra 1.18 1.38 2.36 2.43 País Vasco 1.02 1.3 1.86 1.98 La Rioja 1.09 1.19 1.32 3.63 Ceuta and Melilla 0 0 0 0

8.5.2.2. TABLE 2: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant crop variables

Table 2. Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant crop variables. Olive SAH2016 Cereals grove Vineyard Fruit National Total 0.53 1.2 1.9 1.19 Andalucía 1.51 1.68 6.45 3.5 Aragón 1.43 4.31 5.43 3.53 Asturias 36.59 0 37.33 7.18 Illes Balears 2 8.36 8.7 2.71 Canarias 10.53 20.2 4.44 2.39 Cantabria 7.94 0 40.43 30.47 Castilla ‐ León 1.07 8.5 7.54 11.35 Castilla‐La Mancha 1.12 2.79 3.4 4.95 Cataluña 1.49 3.61 6.14 3.76 Com. Valenciana 3.37 3.28 4.8 1.81 Extremadura 2.11 2.72 4.68 5.86 Galicia 3.54 61.14 6.19 8.5 Madrid 1.92 2.71 5.45 6.92 Murcia 2.94 5.27 3.98 2.26 Navarre 1.75 5.54 4.36 5.88 País Vasco 1.64 19.47 3.58 8.15 La Rioja 1.99 6.68 2.68 4.66 Ceuta and Melilla 0 0 0 0

Institute

Statistics National INE.

8.5.2.3. TABLE 3: Coefficients of variation (in percent) of the most relevant livestock units

Table 3. Variation coefficients (in percent) of the most relevant livestock units. SAH2016 Cattle Pigs Sheep Goats Poultry National Total 0.79 1.06 1.46 3.99 1.25 Andalucía 2.56 2.88 3.22 5.05 2.94 Aragón 3.26 2.87 4.04 9.53 3.49 Asturias 2.17 7.96 16.63 12.58 1.94 Illes Balears 1.52 2.37 2.24 11.55 5.05 Canarias 5.8 3.92 6.81 4.98 4.31 Cantabria 2.74 11.85 14.13 41.24 3.29 Castilla ‐ León 2.13 2.77 4.27 25.36 2.55 Castilla‐La Mancha 2.94 3.93 3.99 16.97 3.51 Cataluña 2.41 2.1 4.48 11.16 3.27 Com. Valenciana 4.05 2.97 5.4 17.32 4.45 Extremadura 2.65 3.5 3.22 12.74 7.82 Galicia 1.76 2.84 9.01 19.15 4.61 Madrid 2.91 1.33 5.81 11.27 0.1 Murcia 4.1 3.42 5.45 11.38 3.91 Navarre 3.06 4.85 4.39 14.1 2.01 País Vasco 2.82 1.85 4.75 11.44 2.43 La Rioja 3.22 2.06 5.2 21.12 1.76 Ceuta and Melilla 0 0 0 0 0

9. Dissemination of the results The dissemination of the survey will be done through a system of tables that will be published on the INE website. The tables will be presented in two parts: the first classifies the holdings according to the agricultural area used and the second according to the technical-economic orientation. This classification is made at the national level and by Autonomous Community. The titles and outline of all the tables are listed in Annex VI.

Institute Statistics National INE.

67 Annexes Institute Statistics National INE.

Annex I Questionnaire

Institute Statistics National INE.

Questionnaire number Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings 2016

Important:

Legal obligation: Laws 4/1990 and 13/1996 establish the Please read the Instruction Sheet carefully. obligation to provide data requested for the compilation of this statistic. How to complete the questionnaire? Online: Access the website indicated on the label and enter your access codes (order Deadline for completion: The questionnaire must be number and password). completed within 15 days of receipt. By postal mail: Fill out this questionnaire and send it to us in the enclosed, postage-free In compliance with Regulation (EC) No. envelope. 1166/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union If you are the holder of several agricultural holdings covered by this survey, you must complete one questionnaire for each holding. In case of doubt, please contact our offices via the free phone number indicated on the label.

Reference period: The data in this questionnaire should refer to the agricultural year 2016 (1 October 2015 to 30 September 2016) unless another period is Thank you for your cooperation indicated.

Identification data

Holder: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 28- 123- 123- 123456- 00 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Prov Mun St ORDER No

TIN: 12345678L In order to access the questionnaire online: Address: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx nºxx htpps://xxxxxxx.ine.es Municipality: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx User: 12345678901 City, place, village: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx password: abcde

Province: xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Zip Code: xxxxx Do you need help completing the questionnaire? Data on the agricultural holding are requested: Free phone numbe900.xxx.yyy xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Or contact: [email protected]

1. Correction of identification data

Please check whether all the information on the label is correct and complete, otherwise correct it in this section.

Important: In the event of a change of holder (e.g. due to a family transfer, change of legal form...), enter the full details of the new holder Name or business name: 0017

TIN: 0022

Address: 0038

Province: 0075

Municipality: 0056

City, place, village, etc.: 0043

Postal code 0094

2. Contact details of the holder and of the respondent

2.1. Contact details of the holder Telephone 1: 0108 Telephone 2: 0115 Fax: 0120 Institute E-mail: 0136

2.2. Who will complete this questionnaire? (respondent It’s the holder himself Go to section 3 Statistics Is another person (and when the holder is a company) Respondent's name 0154

Telephone 1: 0167 Telephone 2: 0173 Fax: 0189 National E-mail: 0192 INE. 3. The holder and his/her agricultural holding

For the purposes of this statistical operation, the following definitions are adopted:

Agricultural holdIt is the person who assumes responsibility for an agricultural or livestock holding and makes the main decisions regardless of whether or not he/she is the owner or independently of age or employment situation (retired or not). He or she can manage it directly or through another person (for example, a family member or other salaried employee).

Agricultural holder is also considered to be the owner of unexploited or abandoned land, meaning that it is not economically productive and that no other person or society exploits it.

Agricultural holding: It is the whole of the land and/or livestock that is under the responsibility of the holder and in which the same means of production are used (machinery, land, facilities, fertilizers...). If they are land or livestock facilities that are far away enough, so that different labour and machinery are used on each site, it must be understood that there is more than one holding. Remember: If you are the holder of more than one holding which is the subject of this survey, you must complete questionnaire for each of them

According to these definitions, please answer the following questions:

3.1. If you sold or transferred all the land and/or livestock facilities, or returned them to their owner before October 2015, please indicate the area sold or transferred

Hectares (to 2 decimal places) Area sold or transferred: 0234 . This completes the questionnaire. Send the questionnaire in the postage-paid reply envelope you received Thank you for your cooperation

3.2. If you sold or transferred part of your holding after 2013, please indicate the area transferred.

Hectares (to 2 decimal places)

Area sold or transferred: 0249 .

3.3. Does your holding have land that is used for other non-agricultural purposes?

6 NO Go to section 4 0803 1 YES Indicate the number of hectares used for other non-agricultural purposes

Hectares (to 2 decimal places)

0810 .

and also, please indicate what other purposes the land is used for:

1 Land for urban development, expropriations for roads, railways, etc. Institute

2 Riding schools, slaughterhouses, trade in animals, pet breeding, zoos, 0825 fur industry, etc. 3 Agricultural services companies Statistics 4 Other, (specify): National INE. 4. Total Area and Utilised Agricultural Area.

The following issues relate to land use during the 2016 agricultural year (from 1 October 2015 to 30 September 2016).

IMPORTANT:

In the following sections of the questionnaire, data on the land area of the holding will be requested. All areas except for mushrooms (section 6), SHALL BE RECORDED IN HECTARES to two decimal places. If this is not possible, you can use another unit of measure, as long as you keep this unit of measure throughout the questionnaire.

Please confirm which unit of measure you will use in the rest of the questionnaire:

You will express all areas (except for mushrooms) in HECTARES

You will express all areas (except for mushrooms) in OTHER UNIT OF MEASURE Specify the name of the unit of measure

0496

4.1. Total area of the holding Includes: Does not include: Area to two decimal places • All areas of the plots owned by the holder, those • Land owned by the holder leased or leased from others for their use and the area transferred to others for its use. 0509 . exploited under other forms of tenure.

• Agricultural and other areas such as forest land, wasteland, threshing floor, stony grounds, roads, sheds, etc.

4.2. Utilised agricultural area Includes: Does not include:

Area to two decimal places • The part of the foregoing total area devoted to the • Wasteland, esparto fields and scrubland without 0516 . following uses: livestock use - Arable crops • Forest tree species - Fallow land • Threshing floor, constructions, quarries, ponds, etc. - Kitchen gardens for own consumption • Other arable land that has not been used during the - Woody crops season (except fallow land). - Land for permanent pasture

4.3. What part of this Utilised Agricultural Area is: Area to two decimal places Owned 0521 . Tenant farmed 0537 . Communal land transferred by chance to this holding for its exclusive use 0555 . Under other tenure regimes (share-farming, trust, free assignment,...)? 0542 .

5. Destination of the holding's production

5.1. Does the holder's household consume more than 50% of the value of the holding's final production? 6102 YES 16NO

5.2. Do direct sales to consumers account for more than 50% of total sales? 6119YES 16 NO

6. Mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other cultivated fungus (see the Instruction Sheet for exact definition) Square metres Mushrooms, wild mushrooms and other cultivated fungus in caves or specific buildings Write down the area in square metres of beds, bags or similar area cultivated during the season. 0705 Institute

7. Location of the land

7.1. Where is located the land comprising the total area of the holding referred to in point 4.1? In case it belongs to more than one municipality, consider only only that in which the largest part of the area is located Statistics

Province: 0271

Municipality: 0252 National

7.2. Enter the number of plots in the holding and the cadastral reference of the largest plot: INE. Nº of plots Cadastral reference 0290 0304 8. Utilised Agricultural Area: crops, fallow land, pasture land and gardens for own consumption

Indicate the grouped area of each crop on the holding

It is important NOT TO COUNT THE SAME AREA MORE THAN ONE TIME.

ARABLE CROPS Dry land Irrigated land Area to two decimal places Area to two decimal places Important criteria Grain cereals

Common wheat and spelt 1009 ..2008

“Irrigated area” Durum wheat 1016.. 2015 means an area which Barley has been irrigated at 1021 ..2020 least once during the Oats (including those mixed with wheat, barley or rye) 1037.. 2036 agricultural season. Rye (including meslin) 1042.. 2041

Rice 2054 .

Grain maize 1068 ..2067

Other cereals for the production of grain (triticale, sorghum, millet, buckwheat, canary seed) 1074 ..2073

Grain legumes

Successive crops: Chickpeas, dried beans, lentils 1080 ..2089 In the case where a single plot has been Peas, broad beans, field beans and sweet lupins 1093 ..2092 devoted to two or Other (including mixtures with cereals) (vetches, ervil, more crops (or uses) carob, fenugreek, grass pea) 1107 ..2106 at different times during the agricultural season, consider Potatoes 1114.. 2113 only the main crop Industrial crops (or use) during the season (the one with Sugar beet 1129 ..2128 the highest Cotton 1135.. 2134 production value) for that plot. Other textile crops (fibre flax, hemp, jute, abaca, Secondary crops sisal, kenaf) 1140 ..2149 MUST NOT BE Sunflower 1153.. 2152 CONSIDERED Oil flax 1166.. 2165

Soya 1172 ..2171

Rape and turnip rape 1188 ..2187

Associated crops: Other oilseeds crops (tiger nut, poppy, sesame, mustard, peanut) 1191 ..2190 In the event that two or more crops have Tobacco 1205 ..2204 coexisted on the Hop 1212 ..2211 same plot at the same time Aromatic and medicinal plants and spices 1227 ..2226 (association of crops), ALL OF Other industrial plants (sugar cane, chicory) 1233 ..2232 THEM MUST BE CONSIDERED, Fodder crops indicating in each Fodder roots and tubers 1248 ..2247 crop (or use) their proportional area. Multiannual green fodder plants 1251.. 2250 For example, if the Green-harvested fodder maize 1264.. 2263 plot is 10 ha, and olive groves and Green-harvested fodder legumes 1270.. 2279 vineyards coexist at 30% and 70% Other annual green fodder (cereals, grasses, rape) 1286 ..2285 respectively, you must indicate 3 ha for Vegetables (except potatoes), melons and strawberries olive groves and 7 ha Outdoor or under low protective cover. On worked land 1299 ..2298 for the vineyard. Outdoor or under low protective cover On horticultural land 1303.. 2302

In greenhouse or high (accessible) protective cover 2319 . Institute

Ornamental flowers and plants (sold as cut flowers)

IT IS VERY Outdoor and/or under low protective cover 1325.. 2324 IMPORTANT NOT

In greenhouses 2330 . Statistics TO COUNT THE SAME AREA MORE Seeds and small plants for sale1346 . 2345 . THAN ONE TIME

Other herbaceous plants (indicate crop): National 1359 ..2358 INE. 8. Utilised Agricultural Area: crops, fallow land, pasture land and kitchen gardens for own consumption

Take into account the criteria listed in the margin of this table.

FALLOW LAND Area to two decimal places

Fallow land (includes land sown for green fertiliser 1482 .

WOODY CROPS Dry land Irrigated land Area to two decimal places Area to two decimal places

Outdoor woody crops not in greenhouses Citrus trees Orange, lemon, mandarin, other 1508 ..2507 Fruit trees native to temperate climate zones

Apple, pear, apricot, peach, nectarine, cherry, morello cherry, loquat and other trees 1515 ..2514 Fruit trees native to subtropical climate zones

Banana, avocado, cherimoya, kiwi, fig, khaki, pomegranate, papaya, mango, pineapple, and other trees 1520 ..2529 Berries Gooseberry, raspberry, blackberry, cranberry 1536 ..2535 Nut trees Almond, hazelnut, chestnut, walnut, pistachio and other trees 1541 ..2540 Olive grove Table olives 1554 ..2553 Oil-press olives 1567 ..2566 Vineyard Table grape 1573 ..2572 Grape for raisins 1589 ..2588 Grapes for wine

Quality wines (with protected designation of origin or protected geographical indication) 1592 ..2591 Other wines 1606 ..2605 Nurseries Christmas tree nurseries 1613 ..2612 Other nurseries 1628 ..2627

Other outdoor woody crops Mycorrhizal trees for the production of truffle, carob trees, caper plants pitas, mulberry trees, osiers, esparto grass, rushes, reeds, tea, coffee 1634 ..2633 Greenhouse woody crops 2648 .

LAND FOR PERMANENT PASTURE Dry land Irrigated land Area to two decimal places Area to two decimal places

Permanent pastures and grassland

Without trees 1747 ..2746

Few trees 1704 ..2703 With trees The same proportion of pasture and trees1711 .2710 . Many trees 1726 ..2725

Other unsown areas used for pastures (meadow, wasteland, scrubland, ...)

Without trees 1845 . Institute

Few trees 1802 . With trees The same proportion of pasture and trees 1819 .

Many trees 1824 . Statistics

Pasture areas no longer used for production purposes and covered by an aid scheme 1900 . National

KITCHEN GARDENS FOR OWN CONSUMPTION Area to two decimal places INE. Please write down the area devoted to crops in kitchen gardens for the holding’s own consumption (Exclude the area already recorded under VEGETABLES in the ARABLE CROPS section)3007 . 9. Other land. Remember that IT IS VERY IMPORTANT NOT TO COUNT THE SAME AREA MORE THAN ONCE

Area to two decimal places 9.1. Land with spontaneous vegetation and without agricultural use (wasteland, scrubland,...) and which has NOT been used for pasture 3014 .

9.2. Surface area with forest tree species (black poplar, aspen, eucalyptus, holm oak, kermes oak, cork oak, oak, beech, chestnut, pine), NOT used for pasture 3029 .

* Of which, cut-down low hills exploited for short periods (20 years or less) 3035 .

9.3. Threshing floor, constructions, quarries, courtyards, roads, ponds, etc. 3040 .

9.4. Other arable land that has NOT been used in the season 3053 . (please do not include fallow land)

10. Crops for renewable energy production

Of the crops already recorded in section 8, please write down the area of: Area to two decimal places

- Herbaceous crops for the production of biofuels or other renewable energy sources 3151 .

11. Organic farming

Is any plot of land on the holding registered in the corresponding organic farming register and does it use organic farming methods?

NO Go to section 12

YES

11.1. Please indicate the area on which organic farming methods are applied: Area to two decimal places

Qualified area 3203 .

Area in conversion period 3210 .

11.2. Please indicate the total area of organic production (qualified and/or in conversion period) for the following crops:

Grain cereals 3301 .

Grain legumes 3318 .

Potatoes 3323 .

Sugar beet 3339 .

Oilseeds 3344 .

Vegetables, melons and strawberries 3357 .

Permanent pastures or meadows and multiannual green fodder plants 3360 .

Citrus trees 3376 . Institute Other fruit trees (except citrus trees) and berries 3382 .

Olive grove 3395 .

Vineyard 3409 . Statistics

Other crops 3416 . National INE. 12. Soil tillage and actions for conservation of soil (arable crops only)

Has the holding had arable crops (except in greenhouses) during the agricultural year 2016 (1 Oct. 2015 to 30 Sept. 2016)?

NO Go to section 13

YES Classify these arable areas according to:

12.1. Soil tillage for arable crops Area to two decimal places Conventional (mouldboard plow or disc plow) 3604 .

Minimum tillage 3611 .

Direct sowing (no tillage) 3626 .

12.2. Soil cover in winter with arable crops: Winter crops 3632 .

Cover crop or intermediate crop 3647 .

Plant residues 3650 .

Bare soil 3663 .

Area of arable crops covered by multiannual plants not 3679 . sown during the agricultural year 2016

12.3. Arable crops out of planned rotation Area of arable land on which the crop has not changed in the last 3 years: 3685 .

12.4. Ecological Focus Areas (EFAs) which have received support under Regulation (EU) No 1307/2013: fallow land, nitrogen-fixing crops (legumes), forested areas under rural development programmes and areas devoted to agroforestry. (Only holdings larger than 15 ha of arable crops could have been eligible for this aid). 3698 .

13. Use and techniques of manure application

Has the holding used any type of manure as fertiliser during the agricultural year?

NO Go to section 14

YES

Indicate the percentage of manure used in the holding according to the application technique used

13.1. Application of any type of manure Percentage of manure Without incorporation (or with incorporation after 24 hours of the application) 3702 % Incorporation within 4 hours after the application 3719 %

Incorporation between 4 and 24 hours after the application 3724 %

13.2. Application of liquid or semi-liquid manure in bands With trailing hose 3730 %

With trailing shoe 3745 % Institute

13.3. Injection of liquid or semi-liquid manure Shallow (open furrow) 3758 % Statistics Deep (closed furrow) 3761 %

Tonnes of manure 13.4. Total manure used and not produced on the holding (acquired) 3777 National INE. 14. Irrigation

Area to two decimal places 14.1. Enter the total area irrigated in the season 0607 .

14.2. Classify these area according to:

A) Irrigation method:

Spray irrigation 6601 .

Localised (trickle irrigation, micro-irrigation, etc.) 6618 .

Gravity irrigation (foot irrigation, surface irrigation, etc.) 6623 .

B) Origin of the water:

With groundwater 6644 .

With surface water from within the holding (ponds or dams) 6657 .

With surface water from outside the holding from lakes, rivers, etc. 6660 .

With water from outside the holding from common supply networks 6676 .

Other sources (desalinated, regenerated, etc.) 6682 .

14.3. Enter the surface area of the holding which, having irrigation systems and water, has NOT been irrigated during the agricultural year. 0614 .

15. Rural development

Has the holding benefited from any rural development measures in the last two years (2015 and 2016), exclusively under the EAFRD?

NO Go to section 16

YES Indicate the activities carried out

Participation in programmes concerning the quality of Reforestation and creation of forest areas 6449 agricultural products and foodstuffs 0398 Implementation of agroforestry systems 6452 Aid related to the Water Framework Directive and Natura 2000 0402 Prevention and remedying of damages to forests caused by fires, natural disasters and Organic farming 0424 catastrophes 6465

Agro-environmental and climate aids 0430 Investments to increase the capacity of adaptation and the environmental value of Aid for animal welfare 0445 forest ecosystems 6471

Investment in physical assets 6406 Investments in forest technologies and in the processing, mobilisation and marketing of Preventing and remedying damage to forest products 6487 potential agricultural production capacity caused by natural disasters and catastrophes 6413 Aid for areas with natural limitations or other specific constraints 6490 Development of agricultural holdings and companies 6428 Forest-environmental and climate services and Investments in forest area development forest conservation 6503 and improvement of the viability of forests 6434

Risk Management 6510 Institute Statistics National INE. 16. Livestock

16.1. On 30 September 2016, was the holding involved in cattle rearing or fattening, even if said livestock was not its property?

NO Go to section 17

YES Please enter the number of animals of each species on that date

Cattle Pigs Nº of animals Nº of animals Cows Breeding sows and replacement Dairy cows 4006 gilts of 50 kg and more 4126 Other cows4013 Piglets under 20 kg 4132 Other cattle aged two years or more Other pigs (boars, pig fattening and Males 4028 waste generation) 4147 Heifers 4034 Poultry Cattle between one and two years old Laying hens 4150 Males 4049 Broilers 4163 Females 4052 Turkeys 4179 Cattle under one year old 4065 Ducks 4185 Sheep Geese 4198 Mother ewes and replacement lambs4071 Ostriches 4202 Other sheep (suckler lambs, non- Other poultry (partridges, quails, ruminant lambs, studs and castrated 4087 guinea fowls,...) 4219

Goats Mother rabbits (include only Mother goats and replacement kid goats 4090 breeding females) 4224

Other goats (kid goats, studs and Beehives (nº of units) 4230 castrated males) 4104 Equines (horses, mules and asses) 4111 Other animals that are not pets (specify:______) 4245 YES 1 NO 6

16.2. In which municipality is this livestock registered or are the livestock facilities located?

Province: 0332

Municipality: 0311

16.3. Is any type of livestock on the holding registered in the organic livestock register of your Autonomous Community?

NO Go to section 16.4

YES Enter the number of heads registered in the organic livestock register:

Nº of animals Cattle 4300

Sheep and goats 4317

Pigs 4322

Poultry 4338

Other animals 4343YES 16 NO Institute

Tonnes of manure 16.4. Total manure produced on the holding, 3783

Of this, produced and unused manure leaving the holding 3796 Statistics

National INE. 17. Labour force of the holding.

Holder and Manager of the holding

Data are requested on the holder and the (1) “Working day” means either a day of at least 8 hours of work, or the sum of manager of the holding, as well as the number several days of part-time work until the 8 hours have been completed. of working days(1) devoted to agricultural work For example, the following people carry out “one working day”: during the year from 1 October 2015 to 30 - the person who, in one day, spends at least 8 hours on farm work on the holding. - the person who spends two days, but every day only 4 hours. September 2016. - the person who spends eight days, but every day only 1 hour.

(2) The term “activity NOT directly related to the holding" refers to any activity carried out within or outside the holding in which products or resource (surface, buildings, machinery, etc.) of the holding are NOT used.

17.1. Manager of the holding

“Manager of the holding” refers to the person who carries out the routine and day-to-day management of the holding. Who acts as Manager of the holding?

5005 The holder of the holding himself (indicated on the label or in paragraph 1) Go to section 17.2

5027 The holder's spouse Nº of days(1) worked 5051 or 5012 Another person 5033 Other member of the holder's family Remember: The number of days worked by the or manager of the holding must be greater than 0. 5048 Other person outside the family

17.2. Other details of the Manager of the holding (either the holder himself or another person):

Sex Age Agricultural training Have you carried out another activity NOT directly related to the holding during the reference period? (2)

5064 Man 5086 5099 Agricultural experience exclusively 5131 Yes, as the main activity 5070 Woman 5103 Professional agricultural studies 5146 Yes, as a secondary activity 5110 Agricultural university studies 5159 NO 5125 Other agricultural training or courses

5808 YES Have you received any training course in the last 12 months? 5815 NO

17.3. The holder of the holding:

(1) Have you worked on the 5184 YES Enter the number of days worked 5201 5162 Is a natural person holding during the agricultural year? 5197 NO

5178 Is a legal person Go to section 17.5 Institute Statistics National INE. 17. Labour force of the holding.

Labour other than the holder and the manager.

17.4. Other family labour (only when the holder is a natural person)

Excluding the holder and the manager of the holding, has any member of the holder's family worked on the holding?

5218 NO

5223 YES Please indicate below for each person in the holder's family who has worked on the holding the following data (use one line for each person and enter in the first column the degree of kinship, for example: child, sister,...):

Relatives Sex Total number of Do you regularly receive any Have you carried out another activity NOT days(1) worked kind of remuneration for your directly related to the holding during the work on this holding? reference period?(2)

Relationship to Man Woman YES NO Yes, as the Yes, as a NO the holder main activity secondary activity

Spouse 5239 16 1 6 1 26

5244 16 1 6 1 26

5257 16 1 6 1 26

5260 16 1 6 1 26

5276 16 1 6 1 26

In addition to the above-mentioned persons, has any other family member worked on the holding during the agricultural year?

5407 YES 16NO

17.5. Other non-family labour regularly employed on the holding

Excluding the holder and his or her family members and the manager of the holding, has any person worked regularly on the holding during the agricultural year?

5504 NO Go to section 17.6 - This includes labour other than that of the holder and his/her 5511 YES, 6 or more people have worked family members, who continuously carry out agricultural work on the holding in the year, regardless of the number of days 5526 YES, fewer than 6 people have worked worked.

Please indicate below for each person regularly employed on the holding the following information: - Also included are members of cooperatives, common property or associations that have carried out agricultural work (1) Workers Sex Total number of days on the holding on an ongoing basis. worked Man Woman

Worker nº 1 5547 16 - Persons who have carried out seasonal work on the holding Worker nº 2 5550 16 for short periods of time, e.g. for the harvesting of fruit or vegetables, shall be regarded as casual labour in point 17. 6. Worker nº 3 5563 16

Worker nº 4 5579 16

Worker nº 5 5585 16 Institute 17.6. Rest of the labour force

In addition to the persons considered in the previous sections, have you hired casual workers to carry out any work on the holding?

NO Statistics

YES Please indicate below the total number of days(1) worked 5854

Have you hired self-employed workers or an agricultural or livestock service company to do some work on the holding? National

NO INE. YES Please indicate below the total number of days(1) worked 5867 18. Rural development activities

Are there other complementary activities involving the use of resources (surface area, buildings, machines, etc.) or the products of the holding? NO Go to observations YES Indicate the activities carried out

Tourism, accommodation and other recreational activities 6200

Handicraft 6217 What percentage do these complementary Processing of agricultural products (cheese, wine, preserves,...) 6222 activities represent in relation to the total activity of the holding? Renewable energy production for sale (wind, biogas, solar,...) 6238 Wood processing (sawmill) 6243 Aquaculture (fish farming, crabs breeding,...) 6256 6315 10% or less Contract agricultural work for other holdings 6269 6320 From 10% to 50% Non-agricultural works under contract 6275 6336 More than 50% Forestry 6281 Provision of health, social and educational services 6308 Other 6294

Observations

Please submit the questionnaire in the postage-paid envelope you received. Thank you for your cooperation

Objectives of the Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings and Legislation

Nature, characteristics and purpose The Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings is a periodic statistical operation for the collection, compilation and publication of information on the structure of the agrarian sector. The Survey mainly provides data relating to the organisation and structure characteristics of the sector, and to the use of resources, such as land, water, livestock and labour. Legislation Compulsory statistics

Regulation (EC) No. 1166/2008 of the European Parliament and Council of the European Union, of 19 November 2008, establishes in articles 6 and 11 that the Member States shall conduct a survey on the structure of the agricultural holdings in 2016. On the other hand, the second additional provision of Law 13/1996, of 30 December 1996, indicates as compulsory those statistics which must be compiled by the Spanish State in compliance with European Union regulations.

Statistical secrecy

Personal data obtained by the statistical services both directly from the informants and through administrative sources will be subject to protection and will be covered by Institute statistical secrecy (Article 13.1 of the Law on Public Statistical Function [LFEP, for its acronym in Spanish] of May 9, 1989). All statistical personnel will have the obligation to preserve statistical secrecy (article 17.1 of the LFEP). Obligation of providing data

“Laws 4/1990 and 13/1996 establish the obligation to provide data requested for the compilation of this statistic. The statistical services may request data from all individuals Statistics and legal entities, domestic or foreign, resident in Spain (article 10.1 of the LFEP). All natural and legal persons who provide data, whether their collaboration is mandatory or voluntary, must answer in a truthful, exact, complete and timely manner the questions ordered in due form by the statistical services (Article 10.2 of the LFEP).

Failure to comply with the obligations established in this Law regarding statistics for state purposes will be sanctioned in accordance with the provisions in the norms contained in this Title (article 48.1 of the LFEP). Very serious infringements will be sanctioned with fines ranging from 3,005.07 to 30,050.61 euros. Serious infringements will National be sanctioned with fines ranging from 300.52 to 3,005.06 euros. Minor infringements will be sanctioned with fines of 60.10 to 300.51 euros (articles 51.1, 51.2 and 51.3 of the LFEP). INE. Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings 2016

Additional data on labour, complementary activities and partial or total transfer of the holding

Order number: – Questionnaire number: TIN of the holder of the holding:

In order to finish the SSAH-2016 questionnaire, it is necessary to provide some complementary data for sections 17.4, 17.5 and 18.

17.4 Other family labour employed on the holding

Relatives Sex Total number of Do you regularly Have you carried out another activity days(1) worked receive any kind of NOT directly related to the holding remuneration for your during the reference period?(2) work on this holding?

Relationship to Man Woman YES NOYes, as the Yes, as a NO the holder main activity secondary activity

6º 5282 16 16 1 26

7º 5295 16 16 1 26

8º 5309 16 16 1 26

9º 5316 16 16 1 26

10º 5321 16 16 1 26

17.5 Other non-family labour regularly employed on the holding

Nº of persons regularly employed on the holding.

Indicate how many have worked on the holding…: Men Women

Less than 1/4 of a working year (Less than 57 working days) 5700 5717

Between 1/4 and 1/2 of a working year (From 57 to 113 working days) 5722 5738

Between 1/2 and 3/4 of a working year (From 114 to 170 working days) 5743 5756

Between 3/4 and almost a full working year (From 171 to 227 working days) 5769 5775

Full-time dedication throughout the year (228 working days or more) 5781 5794

18. Complementary activities directly related to the holding. Additional information

Only for holdings whose holder is the manager of the holding and with rural development activities

18.1. Holders with another activity (main or secondary) directly related to the holding.

Is this activity one of those indicated in section 18 of the questionnaire?

5619 As the main activity YES 1 5624 As a secondary activity 5602 Institute NO 6

18.2. Another family labour with another activity (main or secondary) directly related to the holding

How many family members work in any of the activities indicated in section 18 of the questionnaire? Statistics

... as the main activity? 5645

... As a secondary activity? 5658

18.3. Other non-family labour regularly employed on the holding. National

How many workers carry out any of the activities indicated in section 18 of the questionnaire? INE.

... as the main activity? 5934

... As a secondary activity? 5949

Annex II: List of variables

Institute Statistics National INE.

Variables Unidad/ categoría Datos del Titular (nombre, NIF, dirección postal, teléfono...) Personalidad jurídica de la explotación 1. Persona física sí, no 2. Sociedad mercantil sí, no 3. Entidad pública sí, no 4. Cooperativa de producción y SAT sí, no 5. Otra condición jurídica sí, no ¿Quién realiza la gestión corriente y cotidiana de la explotación? (Jefe de la explotación) 1. El titular sí, no 2. El cónyuge del titular sí, no 3. Otro miembro de la familia del titular sí, no 4. Otra persona ajena a la familia sí, no ¿Cuál es la formación agraria del jefe de la explotación? 1. Experiencia agraria exclusivamente práctica sí, no 2. Formación profesional agraria sí, no 3. Formación universitaria agraria sí, no 4. Otra formación agraria sí, no ¿El jefe ha recibido algún curso de formación en los últimos doce meses? sí, no ¿Consume el hogar del titular más del 50% del valor de la producción final de la explotación? sí, no ¿Representan las ventas directas al consumidor más del 50% del total de las ventas? sí, no Superficie total ha Régimen de tenencia de la superficie agrícola utilizada: a) En propiedad ha b) En arrendamiento ha c) Tierras comunales cedidas en suertes a una explotación para su uso exlusivo ha d) En aparcería y en otros regímenes de tenencia ha Aprovechamiento de la tierra (incluye cultivos asociados) Tierras labradas Cultivos herbáceos desglosados en secano y en regadío - Cereales para grano • Trigo blando y escanda ha • Trigo duro ha • Cebada ha • Avena (incluso mezclada con trigo, cebada o centeno) ha • Centeno (incluido tranquillón) ha • Arroz ha • Maíz en grano ha

• Otros cereales para la producción de grano ha Institute - Leguminosas para grano • Garbanzos, judías secas, lentejas ha • Guisantes, habas, haboncillos y altramuces dulces ha • Otras (incluidos mezclas con cereales) ha Statistics - Patatas ha - Cultivos industriales

• Remolacha azucarera ha National • Algodón ha

• Otros cultivos textiles ha INE.

87 Variables Unidad/ categoría • Girasol ha • Lino oleaginoso ha • Soja ha • Colza y nabina ha • Otros cultivos oleaginosos ha • Tabaco ha • Lúpulo ha • Plantas aromáticas, medicinales y especias ha • Otras plantas industriales ha - Cultivos forrajeros • Raíces y tubérculos forrajeros ha • Forrajes verdes plurianuales ha • Maíz forrajero cosechado en verde ha • Leguminosas forrajeras cosechadas en verde ha • Otros forrajes verdes anuales ha - Hortalizas (excepto patata), melones y fresas, al aire libre o en abrigo bajo • En terreno de labor ha • En cultivo hortícola ha • En invernadero ha - Flores y plantas ornamentales • Al aire libre y/o en abrigo bajo ha • En invernadero ha - Semillas y plántulas destinadas a la venta - Otros cultivos herbáceos ha Barbechos ha Huertos familiares ha Cultivos leñosos Cultivos leñosos al aire libre desglosados en secano y regadío - Cítricos ha - Frutales originarios de clima templado ha - Frutales originarios de clima subtropical ha - Bayas ha - Frutales de fruto seco ha - Olivar • Aceituna de mesa ha • Aceituna de almazara ha - Viñedo • Uva de mesa ha • Uva para pasas ha • Uva de vinificación - Para vinos de calidad (denominación de origen protegida e indicación geográfica protegida) ha - Para otros vinos ha Institute - Viveros • Viveros de árboles de Navidad ha • Otros viveros ha - Otros cultivos leñosos al aire libre ha Statistics Cultivos leñosos en invernadero ha Tierras para pastos permanentes desglosados en secano y regadío - Prados y praderas permanentes ha

- Otras superficies no sembradas utilizadas para pastos (dehesas, erial, matorral ha National - Superficies de pastos que ya no se utilizan a efectos de producción y están acogidos a un régimen de ayudas ha INE. 88 Variables Unidad/ categoría Superficie agrícola utilizada:Tierras labradas+tierras para pastos permanentes ha Otras tierras - Terreno con vegetación espontánea y sin aprovechamiento agrícola (erial, matorral, ...) y que no se hayan utilizado para pastos ha - Superficies con especies arbóreas forestales que no se utilizan para pastos ha De las cuales: • Montes bajos aprovechados a matarrasa en turnos cortos (20 años o menos) ha - Eras, construcciones, canteras, patios, caminos, estanques, ….. ha - Otras tierras cultivables no labradas ha Superficie de cultivos de champiñón, setas y otros hongos cultivados ha Superficie de cultivos para la producción de energías renovables ha Importación y exportación de estiércol - Estiércol total producido en la explotación tm - Estiércol producido y no utilizado que sale de la explotación tm - Estiércol total utilizado y que no es producido en la explotación tm Riego - Superficie total regada en la campaña ha - Superficie regada en la campaña según el método de riego: • Por aspersión ha • Localizado ha • Por gravedad (a pie, a manta…)ha - Superficie regada en la campaña según la procedencia del agua consumida en el riego: • Aguas subterráneas ha • Aguas superficiales de dentro de la explotación (estanques o presas) ha • Aguas superficiales de fuera de la explotación procedentes de lagos, ríos,… ha • Aguas de fuera de la explotación procedentes de redes comunes de abastecimiento ha • Otras fuentes (desaladas, regeneradas, etc.) ha - Superficie que, disponiendo de instalaciones y agua, no ha sido regada ha Ganadería Explotaciones con cría de animales herbívoros - Bovinos • Vacas - Lecheras cabezas - Otras vacas cabezas • Otros bovinos de 24 meses o más - Machos cabezas - Novillas cabezas • Bovinos de 12 a menos de 24 meses - Machos cabezas - Hembras cabezas • Bovinos de menos de 12 meses cabezas - Ovinos • Ovejas madres y corderas para reposición cabezas

• Otros ovinos cabezas Institute - Caprinos • Cabras madres y chivas para reposición cabezas • Otros caprinos cabezas

- Equinos cabezas Statistics Explotaciones con cría de animales granívoros, conejas madres, colmenas y otros animales - Porcinos

• Cerdas madres y cerdas para reposición de 50 kg y más cabezas National • Lechones de menos de 20 kg cabezas • Otros porcinos cabezas INE. 89 Variables Unidad/ categoría - Aves • Gallinas ponedoras cabezas • Pollos de carne cabezas • Pavos cabezas • Patos cabezas • Ocas cabezas • Avestruces cabezas • Otras aves cabezas  Conejas madres cabezas  Colmenas colmenas  Otros animales que no sean de compañía sí, no Métodos de agricultura ecológica  Superficie calificada ha  Superficie en periodo de conversión ha  Superficie de cultivos ecológicos (calificada y/o en conversión) • Cereales para grano ha • Leguminosas para grano ha • Patata ha • Remolacha azucarera ha • Oleaginosas ha • Hortalizas, melones y fresas ha • Prados o praderas permanentes y forrajes verdes plurianuales ha • Frutales (excepto cítricos) y bayas ha • Cítricos ha • Olivar ha • Viñedo ha • Otros cultivos ha  Ganadería de producción ecológica • Bovinos cabezas • Ovinos y caprinos cabezas • Porcinos cabezas • Aves cabezas • Otros animales sí, no Desarrollo rural Realización de otras actividades complementarias distintas de la agricultura y directamente relacionadas con la explotación - Turismo, alojamiento y otras actividades recreativas sí, no - Artesanía sí, no - Transformación de productos agrícolas (elaboración de embutidos, queso, vino, conservas...) sí, no - Producción de energía renovable destinada a la venta

(eólica, biogás,acumuladores solares….) sí, no Institute - Transformación de la madera (aserradero) sí, no - Acuicultura (cría de peces, cangrejos,...) sí, no - Trabajos agrícolas bajo contrato para otras explotaciones sí, no - Trabajos no agrícolas bajo contrato sí, no Statistics - Silvicultura sí, no - Prestación de servicios sanitarios, sociales o educativos sí, no

- Otros sí, no National Importancia de estas actividades con relación a la producción final de la explotación % INE.

90 Variables Unidad/ categoría Medidas de desarrollo rural de las que se ha beneficiado la explotación en los últimos dos años: - Participación en programas relativos a la calidad de los productos agrícolas y alimenticios sí, no - Ayudas relacionadas con la Directiva Marco del Agua y Natura 2000 sí, no - Agricultura Ecológica sí, no - Ayudas agroambientales y climáticas - Ayudas relativas al bienestar de los animales sí, no - Inversión en activos físicos sí, no - Prevención y reparación de los daños causados a la capacidad de producción potencial agraria por desastres naturales y catástrofes sí, no - Desarrollo de explotaciones agrícolas y empresas sí, no - Inversiones en el desarrollo de zonas forestales y mejoras de la viabilidad de los bosques sí, no - Reforestación y creación de superficies forestales sí, no - Implantación de sistemas agroforestales sí, no - Prevención y reparación de los daños causados a los bosques por incendios, desastres naturales y catástrofes sí, no - Inversiones para incrementar la capacidad de adaptación y el valor medioambiental de los ecosistemas forestales sí, no - Inversiones en tecnologías forestales y en la transformación, movilización y comercialización de productos forestales sí, no - Ayudas a zonas con limitaciones naturales u otras limitaciones específicas sí, no - Servicios silvoambientales y climáticos y conservación de los bosques sí, no - Gestión del riesgo sí, no Mano de obra agrícola y/o ganadera en la explotación Mano de obra familiar Titular (persona física) y otros familiares que trabajan en la explotación - Sexo hombre, mujer - Edad (sólo en caso de titular y/o jefe de explotación) años - Jefe sí, no - Tiempo de trabajo jornadas - Trabajo agrícola remunerado en la explotación sí, no - Otra actividad lucrativa principal o secundaria sí, no - Otra actividad lucrativa principal sí, no - Otra actividad lucrativa secundaria sí, no Mano de obra no familiar Asalariados fijos Jefe de explotación asalariado  Sexo hombre, mujer  Edad años  Tiempo de trabajo jornadas - Otra actividad lucrativa principal o secundaria sí , no Institute - Otra actividad lucrativa principal sí , no - Otra actividad lucrativa secundaria sí , no Otros asalariados fijos Statistics - Sexo personas - Tiempo de trabajo % de trabajo Asalariados eventuales jornadas Trabajo realizado por personas no National contratadas directamente por el titular de la explotación jornadas

INE.

Variables Unidad/ categoría Otras actividades complementarias relacionadas con la explotación (sólo para explotaciones cuyo titular es jefe de explotación) Otras actividades complementarias del titular jefe - Como actividad principal o secundaria sí, no - Como actividad principal sí, no - Como actividad secundaria sí, no Otras actividades complementarias de otra mano de obra familiar - Como actividad principal personas - Como actividad secundaria personas Otras actividades complementarias de otra mano de obra no familiar - Como actividad principal personas - Como actividad secundaria personas Laboreo del terreno para cultivos herbáceos - Convencional (arado von vertedera o discos) ha - Mínimo laboreo ha - Siembra directa (no laboreo) ha Acciones para la conservación del suelo(sólo para herbáceos) Cubierta invernal del suelo en cultivos herbáceos - Cultivos de invierno ha - Cultivos de cobertura o intermedios ha - Residuos de plantas ha - Suelo desnudo ha - Superficie de cultivos herbáceos cubierta de plantas plurianuales no sembradas dunte la campaña agrícola 2016 ha - Superficie de herbáceos en la que no ha variado el cultivo en los últimos 2 años ha - Superficie de interés ecológico (SIE) ha Utilización y técnicas de aplicación de estiércol Porcentaje de cualquier tipo de estiércol utilizado en la explotación según la técnica utilizada - Aplicación de cualquier tipo de estiércol sin incorporación % - Aplicación de cualquier tipo de estiércol con incorporación antes de 4 horas tras la aplicación % - Aplicación de estíercol sólido con incorporación entre las 4 y 24 horas tras la aplicación % - Aplicación de estiércol líquido o semilíquido en bandas con latiguillo trasero % - Aplicación de estiércol líquido o semilíquido en bandas con zapata trasera % - Inyección de estiércol líquido o semilíquido con poca profundidad (surco abierto) % - Inyección de estiércol líquido o semilíquido de forma profunda (surco cerrado) % Institute

Statistics National INE.

Annex III: Legislation of the Eu- ropean Union

Institute Statistics National INE.

Execution of the survey Regulation (EC) No. 1166/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 concerning surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings and the survey on agricultural production methods which repeals Regulation (EEC) No. 571/88 of the Council.

Characteristics

Regulation (EU) No. 715/2014 of the Commission of 26 June 2014 amending Annex III of Regulation (EC) No. 1166/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council, concerning surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings and the survey on agricultural production methods, as it refers to the list of characteristics to be included in the survey on the structure of agricultural holdings in 2016.

Definitions

Regulation (EU) 2015/1391 of the Commission of 13 August 2015, amending Regula- tion (EC) No. 1200/2009 implementing Regulation (EC) No. 1166/2008 of the Europe- an Parliament and of the Council, concerning surveys on the structure of agricultural holdings and the survey on agricultural production methods, as it refers to the livestock unit coefficients and the definitions of the characteristics.

Typology Regulation (EC) No. 1242/2008 of the Commission of 8 December 2008, establishing a community typology for agricultural holdings.

Institute Statistics National INE.

Annex IV: List of agricultural activities included in the definition of an agricultural holding

Institute Statistics National INE.

List of agricultural activities included in the definition of an agricultural holding The following activities (which may be primary or secondary) are based on division 01 of the statistical nomenclature of economic activities in the European Communi- ty (NACE, rev.2).

Division Group Class Description of the activity Notes on activities that are included or excluded when defining agricultural activities

01 Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities

01.1 Growing of non-perennial crops 01.11 Growing of cereals (except rice), leguminous crops and oil seeds 01.12 Growing of rice 01.13 Growing of vegetables and melons, roots and tubers 01.14 Growing of sugar cane 01.15 Growing of tobacco 01.16 Growing of fibre crops 01.19 Growing of other non-perennial crops

01.2 Growing of perennial crops Agricultural holdings that 01.21 Growing of grapes produce wine or olive oil from 01.22 Growing of tropical and subtropical grapes or olives of their own fruits production are included in the 01.23 Growing of citrus fruits@ scope of the definition

01.24 Growing of pome fruits and stone fruits@

01.25 Growing of other tree and bush fruits and nuts@

01.26 Growing of oleaginous fruits@

01.27 Growing of beverage crops@

01.28 Growing of spices, aromatic, drug and pharmaceutical crops@

01.29 Growing of other perennial crops@

01.3 Plant propagation 01.30 Plant propagation

01.4 Animal production@ All activities included in class 01.41 Raising of dairy cattle@ 01.49 of the NACE, rev.2 (Raising Institute of other animals) are excluded 01.42 Raising of other cattle and from the definition except: A) buffaloes@ the breeding of ostriches, emus and rabbits; B) beekeeping and 01.43 Raising of horses and other the production of honey and Statistics equines@ beeswax

01.44 Raising of camels and camelids@

National INE.

99 Division Group Class Description of the activity Notes on activities that are included or excluded when defining agricultural activities 01.45 Raising of sheep and goats@

01.46 Raising of swine/pigs@

01.47 Raising of poultry@

01.49 Raising of other animals@

01.5 Mixed farming@

01.50 Mixed farming@

01.6 Support activities to agriculture and In general, all holdings that only post-harvest crop activities@ carry out activities in class 01.6 of the NACE, rev.2 are excluded 01.61 Support activities for crop from the definition. production@ However, holdings that only work to maintain land in good 01.62 Support activities for animal agricultural and environmental production@ conditions (class 01.6 of the NACE, rev.2) are included in the 01.63 Post-harvest crop activities@ scope of the definition.

01.64 Seed processing for propagation@

Institute Statistics National INE.

100

Annex V: Technical-Economic Ori- entations

Institute Statistics National INE.

Classification scheme

1 General agriculture 15 Cereals, oilseeds and legumes 151 Cereals (except rice), oilseeds and legumes 152 Rice 153 Cereals and rice, oilseeds and legumes 16 Various agricultural crops 161 Roots and tubers 162 Cereals and rice, oilseeds and legumes and roots and tubers 163 Fresh vegetables on farm land 164 Tobacco 165 Cotton 166 Combined arable crops 2 Horticulture (orchard and flowers) 21 Horticulture (orchard and flowers) in greenhouse 211 Vegetables in greenhouses 212 Ornamental flowers and plants in greenhouse 213 Mixed crops in greenhouses 22 Horticulture (orchard and flowers) outdoors 221 Outdoor vegetables 222 Ornamental flowers and plants outdoors 223 Mixed crops outdoors 23 Horticulture and diverse crops 231 Wild mushrooms 232 Nurseries 233 Diverse horticulture 3 Woody crops 35 Viticulture 351 Wine with designation of origin 352 Other wines 353 Table grapes 354 Other vineyards 36 Fruit trees and berries and citrus fruits 361 Fruit trees and berries (except citrus fruits) 362 Citrus fruit 363 Nuts 364 Tropical fruits 365 Fruit trees and berries and various citrus fruits 37 Olive grove 38 Various woody crops 4 Herbivores 45 Dairy cows 46 Beef and breeding cattle 47 Beef, dairy and breeding cattle 48 Sheep, goats and other herbivores 481 Sheep 482 Sheep and cattle 483 Goats 484 Various herbivores 5 Granivores 51 Pigs 511 Breeding pigs 512 Fattening pigs 513 Breeding and fattening pigs Institute 52 Poultry 521 Laying Chickens 522 Broiler chickens 523 Laying and broiler hens 53 Various combined granivores Statistics

National INE.

103 6 Polycultures 61 Polycultures 611 Horticulture and woody crops 612 General agriculture and horticulture 613 General agriculture and Viticulture 614 General agriculture and woody crops 615 General agriculture and any other activity 616 Other polycultures 7 Mixed livestock 73 Mixed livestock, predominance of herbivores 731 Predominance of dairy herbivores 732 Predominance of non-dairy herbivores 74 Mixed livestock, predominance of granivores 741 Granivores and dairy herbivores 742 Granivores and non-dairy herbivores 8 Crops and livestock 83 General agriculture and herbivores 831 General agriculture with dairy herbivores 832 Dairy herbivores with general agriculture 833 General agriculture with non-dairy herbivores 834 Non-dairy herbivores with general agriculture 84 Other crops and livestock 841 General agriculture and granivores 842 Woody crops and herbivores 843 Beekeeping 844 Other mixed crops and livestock

Institute Statistics National INE.

104

Annex VI Table models Institute Statistics National INE.

Classification according to used agricultural area

Institute Statistics National INE.

1.1. Número, superficie total y superficie agrícola utilizada (SAU) de las explotaciones Tamaño de las explotaciones Explotaciones Superficie total SAU según SAU (ha) Núm de Porcentaje ha Porcentaje ha Porcentaje explot. Explotaciones con tierras Explotaciones sin SAU Explotaciones con SAU 1 1 a < 2 2 a < 5 5 a < 10 10 a < 20 20 a < 30 30 a < 50 50 a <00 100

1.2. Distribución general de la superficie Tamaño de las explotaciones Todas las tierras Tierras labradas Tierras para pastos Otras tierras SAU según SAU (ha) permanentes Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.3. Aprovechamiento de las tierras labradas Tamaño de las Todas la tierras Herbáceos (1) Frutales Olivar Viñedo Otras tierras explotaciones labradas labradas según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. (1) Incluye barbechos y huertos familiares

1.4. Aprovechamiento de las tierras labradas en secano Tamaño de las Todas la tierras Herbáceos (1) Frutales Olivar Viñedo Otras tierras explotaciones labradas labradas según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. (1) Incluye barbechos

1.5. Aprovechamiento de las tierras labradas en regadío Tamaño de las Todas la tierras Herbáceos (1) Frutales Olivar Viñedo Otras tierras explotaciones labradas labradas según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. (1) Incluye huertos familiares

1.6. Tierras para pastos permanentes (Continúa)

Tamaño de las explotaciones Tierras para pastos permanentes Institute según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. Statistics

1.6. Tierras para pastos permanentes (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones Prados y praderas permanentes según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío National Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. INE.

109 1.6. Tierras para pastos permanentes (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Otras superficies utilizadas Prados o praderas permanentes que ya no se utilizan a efectos según SAU (ha) para pastos de producción y pueden acogerse a un régimen de ayudas Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot.

1.7. Otras tierras Tamaño de las Total de otras tierras Terreno con vegetación espontánea y sin Especies arbóreas Otras explotaciones aprovechamiento agrícola (erial, matorral,...) forestales superficies según SAU (ha) y que no se hayan utilizado para pastos. Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.8. Número, superficie total (ST) y SAU de las explotaciones según la personalidad jurídica del titular y la gestión (Continúa) Tamaño de las Todas las explotaciones Persona física Persona física y jefe de la Sociedad mercantil explotaciones explotación según SAU (ha) Núm. de ST SAU Núm. de ST SAU Núm. de ST SAU Núm. de ST SAU explot. (ha) (ha) explot. (ha) (ha) explot. (ha) (ha) explot. (ha) (ha)

1.8. Número, superficie total (ST) y SAU de las explotaciones según la personalidad

jurídica del titular y la gestión (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Entidad Pública Cooperativa de producción Otra condición jurídica explotaciones según SAU (ha) Núm. de ST SAU Núm. de ST SAU Núm. de ST SAU explot. (ha) (ha) explot. (ha) (ha) explot. (ha) (ha)

1.9. Número y SAU de las explotaciones según régimen tenencia

Tamaño de las SAU en todos los SAU en propiedad SAU en arrendamiento SAU en tierras SAU en otros explot. según SAU regímenes comunales regímenes de tenencia Hectáreas Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.10. Número y SAU de las explotaciones, con toda la tierra bajo un solo régimen de tenencia Tamaño de las SAU en propiedad SAU en arrendamiento SAU en tierras SAU en otros explotaciones según SAU comunales regímenes de tenencia Hectáreas Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.11. Número y SAU de las explotaciones, con tierras bajo más de un

régimen de tenencia (Continúa) Institute Tamaño de las Más del 50% de la SAU Más del 50% de la SAU Más del 50% de la SAU explot. según en propiedad en arrendamiento en tierras comunales SAU Hectáreas Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones Statistics

National INE.

110 1.11. Número y SAU de las explotaciones, con tierras bajo más de un régimen de tenencia (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Más del 50 % de la SAU en Ningún régimen de tenencia superior según SAU (ha) otros regímenes de tenencia al 50% de la SAU Número de ha Número de ha explotaciones explotaciones

1.12. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cereales para grano (Continúa) Tamaño de las Cereales para grano Trigo explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.12. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cereales para grano (Continuación) Tamaño de las Trigo blando Trigo duro explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.12. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cereales para grano (Continuación) Tamaño de las Cebada Avena explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.12. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cereales para grano (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones Centeno Arroz según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.12. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cereales para grano (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Maíz Otros (incluidas otras mezclas de cereales) explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.13. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: leguminosas para grano (Continúa) Tamaño de las Leguminosas para grano Garbanzos, judías secas y lentejas explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. Institute

1.13. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: leguminosas para grano (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Guisantes, habas, haboncillos y altramuces dulces Otras (incluidas las mezclas con cereales) explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío

según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Statistics explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

National INE.

111 1.14. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: patata Tamaño de las explotaciones Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continúa) Tamaño de las Cultivos industriales Remolacha azucarera explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Algodón Otros cultivos textiles explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Girasol Lino oleaginoso explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Soja Colza y nabina explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Otros cultivos oleaginosos Tabaco explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Lúpulo Plantas aromáticas, medicinales y especias explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.15. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos industriales (Conclusión) Institute Tamaño de las explotaciones según Otras plantas industriales SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. Statistics

National INE.

112 1.16. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos forrajeros (Continúa) Tamaño de las Cultivos forrajeros Raíces y tubérculos forrajeros explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.16. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos forrajeros (Continuación) Tamaño de las Forrajes verdes plurianuales Maíz forrajero explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.16. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: cultivos forrajeros (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Leguminosas forrajeras Otros forrajes verdes anuales explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.17. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: hortalizas (Continúa) Tamaño de las Hortalizas En terreno de labor explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.17. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: hortalizas (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones En terreno hortícola Invernadero según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.18. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: flores y plantas ornamentales Tamaño de las Flores y plantas ornamentales Al aire libre y/o abrigo bajo Invernadero explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. ha Núm. ha Núm. ha Núm. ha Núm. ha Núm. ha Núm. ha de explot. de explot. de explot. de explot. de explot. de explot. de explot.

1.19. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: semillas y plántulas para la venta y otros cultivos herbáceos. Tamaño de las Semillas y plántulas Otros cultivos explotaciones para la venta herbáceos según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. Institute

1.20. Cultivos herbáceos y barbechos: barbechos y huertos familiares Tamaño de las explotaciones Barbechos Huertos familiares según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Statistics explotaciones explotaciones

National INE.

113 1.21. Cultivos leñosos: frutales (Continúa) Tamaño de las Frutales Cítricos explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.21. Cultivos leñosos: frutales (Continuación) Tamaño de las Originarios de clima templado Originarios de clima subtropical explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.21. Cultivos leñosos: frutales (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Bayas Frutales de fruto seco explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.22. Cultivos leñosos: olivar (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Olivar según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explo ha

1.22. Cultivos leñosos: olivar (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Aceituna de mesa Aceituna de almazara explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.23. Cultivos leñosos: viñedo (Continúa) Tamaño de las Viñedo Uva de mesa explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.23. Cultivos leñosos: viñedo (Continuación) Tamaño de las Uva para pasas Uva de vinificación explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. Institute 1.23. Cultivos leñosos: viñedo (Conclusión) Uva de vinificación Tamaño de las Para vinos de calidad Para otros vinos explotaciones Total Secano Regadío Total Secano Regadío

según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Statistics explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

National INE.

114 1.24. Cultivos leñosos: viveros de leñosos no forestales, leñosos en invernadero y otros cultivos permanentes (Continúa) Tamaño de las Viveros de cultivos explotaciones leñosos según SAU (ha) Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot.

1.24. Cultivos leñosos: viveros de leñosos no forestales, leñosos en invernadero y otros cultivos permanentes Tamaño de las Cultivos leñosos Otros cultivos permanentes explotaciones en invernadero (alcaparra, pita, morera, mimbrera, etc.) según SAU (ha) Regadío Total Secano Regadío Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.25. Cultivos para la producción de energías renovables Tamaño de las explotaciones según Número de ha SAU (ha) explotaciones

1.26. Champiñón, setas y otros hongos cultivados Tamaño de las explotaciones según Champiñón, setas y otros hongos cultivados SAU (ha) Núm. de explot. ha

1.27. Superficie regable

Tamaño de las explotaciones según Total Superficie regada Superficie no regada SAU (ha) Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha

1.28. Superficie regada según el método de riego Tamaño de las Total Por aspersión Localizado Por gravedad explotaciones Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha según SAU (ha) explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.29. Superficie regada según la procedencia del agua de riego (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Total Aguas subterráneas Aguas superficiales de dentro según SAU (ha) de la explotación Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. Institute 1.29. Superficie regada según la procedencia del agua de riego (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Aguas superficiales de fuera Aguas procedentes de redes Otras fuentes según SAU (ha) de la explotación comunes de abastecimiento Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha

explot. explot. explot. Statistics

National INE.

115 1.30. Laboreo del terreno Tamaño de las explotaciones Total Convencional Mínimo laboreo Siembra directa según SAU (Ha) Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones

1.31. Cubierta invernal del suelo (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Total Cultivos de invierno Cultivos de cobertura según SAU (Ha) o intermedios Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones

1.31. Cubierta invernal del suelo (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Residuos de plantas Suelo desnudo Cubierta de plantas según SAU (Ha) plurianuales Número de ha Número de ha Número de ha explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones

1.32. Superficie de herbáceos en la que no ha variado el cultivo en los últimos 3 años Tamaño de las explotaciones Cultivos herbáceos que no han variado según SAU (Ha) el cultivo en los último 3 años Número de explotaciones ha

1.33. Aplicación de cualquier tipo de estiércol según la técnica empleada (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Aplicación de cualquier Aplicación de cualquier según SAU (Ha) tipo de estiércol tipo de estiércol sin incorporación

Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones

1.33. Aplicación de cualquier tipo de estiércol según la técnica empleada (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Aplicación de cualquier Aplicación de cualquier según SAU (Ha) tipo de estiércol con incorporación tipo de estiércol con incorporación antes de 4 horas tras la aplicación entre 4 y 24 horas tras la aplicación Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones

1.34. Aplicación de estiércol líquido o semilíquido en bandas Tamaño de las explotaciones Aplicación de Aplicación de Aplicación de según SAU (Ha) estiércol líquido o semilíquido estiércol líquido o semilíquido estiércol líquido o semilíquido con latiguillo trasero con zapata trasera Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones Institute

1.35. Inyección de estiércol líquido o semilíquido Tamaño de las explotaciones Inyección de Inyección de Inyección de según SAU (Ha) estiércol líquido o semilíquido estiércol líquido o semilíquido estiércol líquido o semilíquido Statistics poco profunda profunda Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones Número de explotaciones

National INE.

116 1.36. Producción y utilización de estiércol Tamaño de las explotaciones Estiércol total producido en Estiércol producido y no utilizado Estiércol utilizado en la explotación según SAU (Ha) la explotación que sale de la explotación y que no es producido en la misma

Número de Tm Número de Tm Número de Tm explotaciones explotaciones explotaciones

1.37. Ganadería: bovinos (Continuación) Tamaño de las Bovinos Vacas explotaciones Número de Número de Total Lecheras Otras vacas según SAU (ha) explot. cabezas Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas

1.37. Ganadería: bovinos (Continuación) Tamaño de las Bovinos de 24 meses ó más Bovinos de 12 a menos de 24 meses explotaciones Total Machos Novillas Total Machos Hembras según SAU (ha) Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas

1.37. Ganadería: bovinos (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones según Bovinos de menos de 12 meses SAU (ha) Total Núm. de explotaciones Núm. de cabezas

1.38. Ganadería: ovinos Tamaño de las explotaciones Ovinos Ovejas madres y Otros ovinos según SAU (ha) corderas para reposición Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas

1.39. Ganadería: caprinos Tamaño de las explotaciones Caprinos Cabras madres y Otros caprinos según SAU (ha) chivas para reposición Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas

1.40. Ganadería: porcinos Tamaño de las explotaciones Porcinos Cerdas madres y Lechones de Otros porcinos según SAU (ha) cerdas para reposición menos de 20 kg de 50 kg y más Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas Institute 1.41. Ganadería: equinos Tamaño de las explotaciones Núm. de Núm. de según SAU (ha) explot. cabezas Statistics

1.42. Ganadería: aves excepto avestruces (miles de cabezas) (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Aves Gallinas Pollos de carne Pavos según SAU (ha) Núm. de Cabezas Núm. de Cabezas Núm. de Cabezas Núm. de Cabezas National explot. (X 1000) explot. (X 1000) explot. (X 1000) explot. (X 1000)

INE.

117 1.42. Ganadería: aves excepto avestruces (miles de cabezas) (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Patos Ocas Otras (perdices, explotaciones codornices, pintadas, etc.) según SAU (ha) Núm. de Cabezas Núm. de Cabezas Núm. de Cabezas explot. (X 1000) explot. (X 1000) explot. (X 1000)

1.43. Ganadería: avestruces Tamaño de las explotaciones Avestruces según SAU (ha) Núm. de explotaciones Núm. de cabezas

1.44. Ganadería: conejas madres y colmenas Tamaño de las explotaciones Conejas madres Colmenas según SAU (ha) Número de explot. Número de cabezas Número de explot. Número de colmenas

1.45. Ganaderia: Unidades Ganaderas (UG) (Continúa) Tamaño de las Total de ganado Bovino Ovino Caprino explotaciones Núm. de UG Núm. de UG Núm. de UG Núm. de UG según SAU (ha) explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.45. Ganaderia: Unidades Ganaderas (UG) (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Porcino Equino Aves (incluye avestruces) Conejas madres explotaciones Núm. de UG Núm. de UG Núm. de UG Núm. de UG según SAU (ha) explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.46. Producción ecológica Tamaño de las Producción ecológica explotaciones Total Calificada En periodo de conversión según SAU (ha) Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot. ha Núm. de explot ha

1.47. Distribución de la superficie de agricultura ecológica certificada (calificada y/o en periodo de conversión) (Continúa) Tamaño de las Total de cultivos Cereales Leguminosas Patata Remolacha explotaciones grano azucarera según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.47. Distribución de la superficie de agricultura ecológica certificada (calificada y/o en periodo de conversión) (Continuación) Tamaño de las Cultivos Hortalizas Prados o praderas Frutales (excepto Cítricos explotaciones oleaginosos permanentes y cítricos) y bayas Institute según SAU (ha) forrajes verdes plurianuales Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot. explot. explot. Statistics

National INE.

118 1.47. Distribución de la superficie de agricultura ecológica certificada

(calificada y/o en periodo de conversión) (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Olivar Viñedo Otros cultivos explotaciones según SAU (ha) Núm. de ha Núm. de ha Núm. de ha explot. explot. explot.

1.48. Ganadería de producción ecológica Tamaño de las Bovino Ovino y caprino Porcino Aves Otros animales explotaciones Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de Núm. de según SAU (ha) explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot. cabezas explot.

1.49. Desarrollo rural: otras actividades complementarias de la explotación (Continúa) Tamaño de las Explotaciones con actividades complementarias explotaciones Total Turismo, alojamiento Artesanía Transformación de según SAU (ha) y otras actividades productos agrícolas recreativas (queso, vino, ...)

1.49. Desarrollo rural: otras actividades complementarias de la explotación (Continuación) Tamaño de las Explotaciones con actividades complementarias explotaciones Producción de energía Transformación de Acuicultura (cría de Trabajos agrícolas según SAU (ha) renovable para la venta la madera peces, cangrejos, ...) bajo contrato para (eólica, biogás, solar, ...) otras explotaciones

1.49. Desarrollo rural: otras actividades complementarias de la explotación (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Explotaciones con actividades complementarias explotaciones Trabajos no agrícolas Silvicultura Prestación de servicios Otros según SAU (ha) bajo contrato. sanitarios, sociales o educativos

1.50. Desarrollo rural: importancia de las otras actividades complementarias Tamaño de las Porcentaje de la producción de estas actividades complementarias sobre la producción final de la explotación explotaciones %  10 10 < %  50 50 < % < 100 según SAU (ha) Núm. de explotaciones Núm. de explotaciones Núm. de explotaciones

1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Continúa) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Participación en programas Ayudas relacionadas con la Ayudas agroambientales según SAU (ha) relativos a la calidad de los Directiva Marco del Agua y y climáticas productos agrícolas y Natura 2000 alimenticios Institute

1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Continuación) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Agricultura Ecológica Ayudas relativas al Inversión en activos físicos según SAU (ha) bienestar de los animales Statistics National INE.

119 1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Continuación) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Prevención y reparación de los Desarrollo de explotaciones Inversiones en el desarrollo según SAU (ha) daños causados a la capacidad de agrícolas y empresas de zonas forestales y producción potencial agraria por mejoras de la viabilidad desastres naturales y catástrofes de los bosques

1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Continuación) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Reforestación y creación Implantación de sistemas Prevención y reparación de los según SAU (ha) de superficies forestales agroforestales daños causados a los bosques por incendios, desastres naturales y catástrofes

1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Continuación) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Inversiones para incrementar Inversiones en tecnologías Ayuda a zonas con limitaciones según SAU (ha) la capacidad de adaptación y forestales y en la transformación, naturales u otras el valor medioambiental de movilización y comercialización limitaciones específicas los ecosistemas forestales de productos forestales

1.51. Medidas de desarrollo rural (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Explotaciones que se han beneficiado de alguna medida de desarrollo rural en los últimos 2 años explotaciones Servicios silvoambientales Gestión del riesgo según SAU (ha) y climáticos y conservación de los bosques

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Todas las edades Menos de 25 años según SAU (ha) Titulares Titulares jefes de Titulares explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones Menos de 25 años De 25 a 29 años según SAU (ha) Titulares jefes de Titulares Titulares jefes de explotación explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación Institute según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 30 a 34 años De 35 a 39 años según SAU (ha) Titulares Titulares jefes de Titulares explotación

Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Statistics

National INE.

120 1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 35 a 39 años De 40 a 44 años según SAU (ha) Titulares jefes de Titulares Titulares jefes de explotación explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 45 a 49 años De 50 a 54 años según SAU (ha) Titulares Titulares jefes de Titulares explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 50 a 54 años De 55 a 59 años según SAU (ha) Titulares jefes de Titulares Titulares jefes de explotación explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Continuación) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 60 a 64 años De 65 y más años según SAU (ha) Titulares Titulares jefes de Titulares explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.52. Trabajo familiar: titulares persona física y jefes de explotación según edad y sexo (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones De 65 y más años según SAU (ha) Titulares jefes de explotación Total Varones Mujeres

1.53. Trabajo familiar: cónyuges y jefes de explotación según sexo Tamaño de las explotaciones Todas las edades según SAU (ha) Cónyuges Cónyuges jefes de explotación Total Varones Mujeres Total Varones Mujeres

1.54. Trabajo familiar: otros familiares y jefes de explotación según sexo Institute Tamaño de las Otros familiares Otros familiares jefes de explotaciones explotación según SAU (Ha) Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres explot. personas explot. personas Statistics

National INE.

121 1.55. Trabajo asalariado fijo: número de personas según sexo y porcentaje de tiempo trabajado (Continúa) Tamaño de las Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado < 25% Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado  25 a < 50% explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Varones Mujeres según SAU (Ha) explot. explot.

1.55. Trabajo asalariado fijo: número de personas según sexo y porcentaje de tiempo trabajado (Continuación) Tamaño de las Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado  50 a < 75% Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado  75 a < 100% explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Varones Mujeres según SAU (Ha) explot. explot.

1.55. Trabajo asalariado fijo: número de personas según sexo y porcentaje de tiempo trabajado (Conclusión) Tamaño de las Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado 100% explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres según SAU (Ha) explot.

1.56. Trabajo asalariado fijo: jefes de explotación según edad, sexo y jornadas trabajadas (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotaciones Todas las edades < de 25 años según SAU (Ha) Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de explot. jornadas explot. jornadas

1.56. Trabajo asalariado fijo: jefes de explotación según edad, sexo y jornadas trabajadas (Continuación)

Tamaño de las De 25 a 29 años De 30 a 34 años De 35 a 39 años explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de según SAU (Ha) explot. jornadas explot. jornadas explot. jornadas

1.56. Trabajo asalariado fijo: jefes de explotación según edad, sexo y jornadas trabajadas (Continuación) Tamaño de las De 40 a 44 años De 45 a 49 años De 50 a 54 años explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de según SAU (Ha) explot. jornadas explot. jornadas explot. jornadas

1.56. Trabajo asalariado fijo: jefes de explotación según edad, sexo y jornadas trabajadas (Conclusión) Tamaño de las De 55 a 59 años De 60 a 64 años De 65 y más años Institute explotaciones Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de Núm. de Varones Mujeres Núm. de según SAU (Ha) explot. jornadas explot. jornadas explot. jornadas Statistics 1.57. Trabajo asalariado eventual y jornadas trabajadas por personas no empleadas directamente por el titular Tamaño de las explotaciones Trabajo asalariado eventual Trabajo realizado por personas no según SAU (Ha) empleadas directamente por el titular National Número de Número de jornadas Número de Número de explotaciones explotaciones jornadas INE.

122 1.58. Unidades de Trabajo Año (UTA) en la explotación (Continúa) Tamaño de las explotacione Total Trabajo familiar según SAU (Ha) Núm. de UTA Total Titular Cónyuge Otros miembros explot. Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.58. Unidades de Trabajo Año (UTA) en la explotación (Conclusión) Tamaño de las explotaciones Trabajo asalariado según SAU (Ha) Total Trabajo fijo Trabajo eventual Núm. de explot. UTA Núm. de explot. UTA Núm. de explot. UTA

1.59. Unidades de Trabajo Año (UTA) del jefe de la explotación Tamaño de las explot. Total Titular Cónyuge Otro miembro de la Asalariado según SAU (Ha) familia Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA Núm. de UTA explot. explot. explot. explot. explot.

1.60. Número de explotaciones por estudios realizados por el jefe de la explotación Tamaño de las explotaciones Total de Formación del Jefe de la explotación según SAU (ha) explotaciones Experiencia Formación Formación Otra formación exclusivamente universitaria profesional agrícola práctica agrícola agrícola

Institute Statistics National INE.

123

Classification according to technical- economic orientation

Institute Statistics National INE.

2.1.Orientaciones y dimensión económica: Total de explotaciones (Continúa) Orientaciones Producción estandar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 a 120,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 <120,0 Total 1 Agricultura General 15 Cereales, oleaginosas y leguminosas 151 Cereales (excepto arroz), oleaginosas y leguminosas 152 Arroz 153 Cereales y arroz, oleaginosas y leguminosas 16 Cultivos agrícolas diversos 161 Raíces y tubérculos 162 Cereales y arroz, oleaginosas y leguminosas, y raíces y tubérculos 163 Hortalizas frescas en terreno de labor 164 Tabaco 165 Algodón 166 Cultivos herbáceos combinados 2 Horticultura (huerta y flores) 21 Horticultura (huerta y flores) en invernadero 211 Hortalizas en invernadero 212 Flores y plantas ornamentales en invernadero 213 Cultivos mixtos en invernadero 22 Horticultura (huerta y flores) al aire libre 221 Hortalizas al aire libre 222 Flores y plantas ornamentales al aire libre 223 Cultivos mixtos al aire libre 23 Horticultura y cultivos diversos 231 Setas 232 Viveros 233 Horticultura diversa 3 Cultivos leñosos 35 Viticultura 351 Vinos con denominación de origen 352 Otros vinos 353 Uva de mesa 354 Otros viñedos 36 Frutales y bayas y cítricos 361 Frutales y bayas (excepto cítricos) 362 Cítricos 363 Frutos secos 364 Frutas tropicales Institute 365 Frutales y bayas y cítricos diversos 37 Olivar 38 Cultivos leñosos diversos Statistics 4 Herbívoros 45 Bovinos de leche 46 Bovinos de carne y cría de bovinos 47 Bovinos de carne y National leche y cría de bovinos

48 Ovinos, caprinos y INE. otros herbívoros 481 Ovinos 127 482 Ovinos y bovinos 483 Caprinos 484 Herbívoros diversos

2.1.Orientaciones y dimensión económica: Total de explotaciones (Conclusión) Orientaciones Producción estandar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 a 120,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 <120,0 5 Granívoros 51 Porcinos 511 Porcinos de cría 512 Porcinos de engorde 513 Porcinos de cría y engorde 52 Aves 521 Gallinas ponedoras 522 Pollos de engorde 523 Gallinas ponedoras y de engorde 53 Granívoros diversos combinados 6 Policultivos 61 Policultivos 611 Horticultura y cultivos leñosos 612 Agricultura general y horticultura 613 Agricultura general y viticultura 614 Agricultura general y cultivos leñosos 615 Agricultura general y alguna otra actividad 616 Otros policultivos 7 Ganadería mixta 73 Ganadería mixta, predominio herbívoros 731 Predominio herbívoros lecheros 732 Predominio herbívoros no lecheros 74 Ganadería mixta, predominio granívoros 741 Granívoros y herbívoros lecheros 742 Granívoros y herbívoros no lecheros 8 Cultivos y ganadería 83 Agricultura general y herbívoros 831 Agricultura general con herbívoros lecheros 832 Herbívoros lecheros con agricultura general 833 Agricultura general con herbívoros no lecheros 834 Herbívoros no lecheros con agricultura general 84 Otros cultivos y ganadería

841 Agricultura general y Institute granívoros 842 Cultivos leñosos y herbívoros 843 Apicultura 844 Otros cultivos mixtos Statistics y ganadería

2.2 Orientaciones y dimensión económica: SAU del total de explotaciones

2.3 Orientaciones y dimensión económica: Producción estándar (PE) del total de las explotaciones National 2.4 Orientaciones y dimensión económica: Total de las explotaciones con 1 UTA al menos 2.5 Orientaciones y dimensión económica: SAU de las explotaciones con 1 UTA al menos 2.6 Orientaciones y dimensión económica: Producción estándar (PE) de las explotaciones con 1 UTA al menos INE.

128 2.7 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Total de las explotaciones Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Total de las explotaciones Número SAU (ha) Ha PE (miles de euros) 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos:

Orientación principal 15 Cereales, oleaginosas y leguminosas Orientación principal 16 Cultivos agrícolas diversos Orientación principal 21 Horticultura (huerta y flores) en invernadero Orientación principal 22 Horticultura (huerta y flores) al aire libre Orientación principal 23 Horticultura y cultivos diversos Orientación principal 35 Viticultura Orientación principal 36 Frutales y bayas y cítricos Orientación principal 37 Olivar Orientación principal 38 Cultivos leñosos diversos Orientación principal 45 Bovinos de leche Orientación principal 46 Bovinos de carne y cría de bovinos Orientación principal 47 Bovinos de carne y leche y cría de bovinos Orientación principal 48 Ovinos; caprinos y otros herbívoros Orientación principal 51 Porcinos Orientación principal 52 Aves Orientación principal 53 Granívoros diversos combinados Orientación principal 61 Policultivos Orientación principal 73 Ganadería mixta, predominio herbívoros Orientación principal 74 Ganadería mixta, predominio granívoros Orientación principal 83 Agricultura general y herbívoros Orientación principal 84 Otros cultivos y ganadería

2.8 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Personalidad jurídica y gestión Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Personalidad jurídica y gestión de la explotación: Explotaciones cuyo titular es persona física Número Explotaciones cuyo titular es el jefe de la explotación Número 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.9 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Explotaciones por porcentaje de SAU en propiedad Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros

Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 Institute < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Régimen de tenencia: SAU en propiedad < 25 % Explot. 25 a < 50 % Explot. Statistics 50 a < 75 % Explot. 75 a < 90 % Explot.  90 % Explot.

1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos National

INE.

129 2.10. Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): SAU según régimen de tenencia Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Total SAU en propiedad ha Total SAU en arrendamiento ha Total SAU en tierras comunales ha Total SAU en aparcería o en otro régimen de tenencia ha 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.11. Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Utilización del suelo (Continúa) Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Utilización del suelo: Herbáceos y barbechos Explot. SAU (ha) ha Cereales Explot. ha Trigo blando Explot. ha Trigo duro Explot. ha Cebada Explot. ha Maíz Explot. ha Leguminosas grano Explot. ha Raíces y tubérculos Explot. ha Patatas Explot. ha Raíces y tubérculos forrajeros Explot. ha Hortalizas en cultivo hortícola Explot. ha Flores y plantas ornamentales al aire libre Explot. ha Plantas forrajeras (excluidas raíces y tubérculos) Explot. ha Cultivos leñosos Explot. SAU (ha) ha Frutales (no cítricos) Explot. Institute ha Frutales de fruto fresco Explot. ha Frutales de fruto seco Explot. ha Cítricos Explot. Statistics ha Olivar Explot. ha

Viñedo Explot. National ha

1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos INE.

130 2.11 Clasificación según OTE principal 1 y producción estándar (PE): Utilización del suelo (Conclusión) Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Viñedo para vinos con denominación de origen Explot. ha Cultivos en invernadero Explot. ha Hortalizas en invernadero Explot. ha Flores y plantas ornamentales en invernadero Explot. ha Tierras para pastos permanentesExplot. SAU (ha) ha Prados o praderas permanentes ha Otras superficies utilizadas para pastos ha Pastos permanentes que ya no se utilizan y pueden acogerse a un régimen de ayudas ha Superficie forestal Explot. SAU (ha) ha Invernaderos y regadíos: Invernaderos utilizados Explot. Explot. con superficie regada Número Superficie regada ha 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.12 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Ganadería Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Ganadería: Explotaciones con ganadería Número Bovinos Explot. Número Bovinos de < 1 año Explot. Número Bovinos machos de 1 a < 2 años Explot. Número Bovinos hembras de 1 a < 2 años Explot. Número Bovinos machos de 2 y más años Explot.

Número Institute Novillas de 2 y más años Explot. Número Vacas lecheras Explot. Número Otras vacas Explot. Statistics Número Ovinos Explot. Número

Caprinos Explot. National Número

1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos INE.

131 2.12 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Ganadería (Continúa) Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Porcinos Explot. Número Cerdas madres y de reposición Explot. Número Otros porcinos Explot. Número Aves (excepto avestruces) Explot. Núm (Miles) Pollos de carne Explot. Núm (Miles) Gallinas ponedoras Explot. Núm (miles) Conejas madres Explot. Número Abejas Explot. Colmenas Otros animales Explot.

1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.13. Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Trabajo agrícola Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Trabajo agrícola: Trabajo total UTAT Trabajo a tiempo completo Explot. Trabajo a tiempo completo Personas Trabajo total excepto asalariados eventuales Explot. Personas Porcentaje del trabajo familiar respecto al tiempo anual de trabajo en la explotación: < 10 % Explot. 10 a < 50 % Explot. 50 a < 90 % Explot.  90 % Explot. Trabajo familiar UTAF Trabajo del titular UTATI Titulares Explot. Titulares  34 años Explot. Titulares de 35 a 44 años Explot. Titulares de 45 a 54 años Explot. Titulares de 55 a 64 años Explot. Titulares de 65 y más años Explot. Porcentaje de tiempo trabajado del Institute titular en porcentaje de tiempo anual de trabajo de una persona dedicada a tiempo completo: > 0 a < 25 % Explot.

25 a < 50 % Explot. Statistics 50 a < 75 % Explot. 75 a < 100 % Explot. 100% Explot. Cónyuge y otros miembros de la familia del titular Explot. National Personas 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos INE.

132 2.13. Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Trabajo agrícola (Continúa) Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0

Tiempo de trabajo del cónyuge y otros miembros de la familia del titular: > 0 a < 50 % Personas 50 a < 100 % Personas 100% Personas Trabajo asalariado fijo Explot. Personas UTAAF Porcentaje de tiempo anual de trabajo de los asalariados fijos: > 0 a < 50 % Personas 50 a < 100 % Personas 100% Personas Trabajo asalariado eventual Explot. Jornadas (miles) 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.14. Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Dimensión según SAU Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Dimensión de la explotación SAU (ha): < 1 Explot. 1 a < 5 Explot. 5 a < 20 Explot. 20 a < 50 Explot. 50 a < 100 Explot.  100 Explot. 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

2.15 Clasificación según OTE principal1 y producción estándar (PE): Dimensión según UTAT Características selecionadas Producción estándar (PE) en miles de euros Total < 1,2 1,2 a 2,4 a 4,8 a 7,2 a 9,6 a 14,4 a 19,2 a 48,0 a 72,0 < 2,4 < 4,8 < 7,2 < 9,6 < 14,4 < 19,2 < 48,0 < 72,0 Dimensión de la explotación UTAT: < 0,5 Explot. 0,5 a < 1 Explot. 1 a < 2 Explot.

2 a < 3 Explot. Institute 3 a < 5 Explot.  5 Explot. 1 Para cada OTE a dos dígitos

Statistics National INE.

133