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Home , Dick Jauron, Eric Mangini, Jon Gruden, Lovie Smith, Mike Tomlin

Revised: 8 April 2008

RESULTS OF THE NFL PLAYER SURVEY

NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE PLAYERS ASSOCIATION (NFLPA)

Prepared by Tukufu Zuberi and Camille Z. Charles Wharton Sports Business Initiative University of Pennsylvania 3401 Walnut Street, Suite 333A Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 3

THE STUDY 6

THE RESEARCH TEAM 6

DESIGN AND BASIC METHODS OF THE NFL PLAYER SURVEY 9

FINDINGS 11 ACTIVE PLAYER EVALUATION OF COACHES 11 PLAYER CHARACTERISTICS 15 PLAYER RANKINGS 18

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 2 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Wharton Sports Business Initiative collaborated with the National Football

League Players Association (NFLPA) to produce the first NFL Player Survey.

The Wharton Sports Business Initiative and the NFLPA conducted a comprehensive survey of all the Players in the during the 2007 regular season. This report provides a synthesis of the results from the

National Football League Player Survey.

MAIN FINDINGS

The coach is considered among the most significant individuals in the

game of football. In order to clarify what this means for the players

themselves, we asked them to identify the coach that had been the most

influential in their career. More than half of players said that the most

influential coach in their lives was a professional football coach, followed

by a college, and high school coach.

o Neither conference nor race of the player made a statistically

significant difference.

Players were also given the opportunity to assess the quality of their

coaches. Overall, players have quite positive assessments of their head

coaches. In some instances, however, assessments differed by race and

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 3 conference; these differences were most pronounced in Player attitudes

about “respect” and “trust”. White Players expressed more trust and

respect for their head coaches than Black Players did. Likewise, Players

in the AFC expressed more trust and respect for their head coaches then

Players in the NFC.

All teams aspire to be the best organization in the NFL. We asked the

players which team they considered to be the best organization in the

NFL. According to the NFL Player Survey the best organization in the

League is the , followed by the .

o Neither conference nor race of the player made a statistically

significant difference.

We asked the players to identify the worst organization in the NFL. The

players identified the Oakland Raiders as the worst organization, followed

by the and the .

o Race of the player did not make a statistically significant difference.

We also asked the players to tell us which 5 active NFL head coaches

they would most like to play for. Indianapolis Colts Tony

Dungy is the coach players most want to play for. head

coach came in second, followed by New England Patriots

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 4 head coach , Chiefs coach Herman Edwards, and Steelers

head Coach .

o Neither conference nor race of the player made a statistically

significant difference.

Finally, players were also asked to tell us which head coaches they would

least like to play for. Giants head coach is the coach active

NFL players would least like to play for, followed by head

coach Eric Mangini and Tampa Bay head coach .

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 5 THE STUDY

The Wharton Sports Business Initiative is collaborating with the National Football

League Players Association (NFLPA) to produce the first NFL Player Survey.

The Wharton Sports Business Initiative and the NFLPA conducted a comprehensive survey of all the Players in the National Football League during the regular season.

The NFLPA is conducting the survey to better serve the players of the game of football. The confidential responses we received from the players provides us with the ability to better understand, represent, and express the views of players regarding the work environment and conditions of employment in the National

Football League. The results of the survey provide us with reliable and accurate opinions of the players. The NFL Player Survey allows us to present the most reliable source for information on NFL Players—the players themselves.

THE RESEARCH TEAM

The Wharton Sports Business Initiative (WSBI) is a partnership among top level business leaders, Wharton faculty and students that generates and disseminates knowledge about the sports industry through educational programs, strategic corporate partnerships, high-level student consulting assignments, global forums, and research. The Wharton Sports Business Initiative is not a degree granting program. It is a research and executive education focused "think tank."

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 6 The Wharton Sports Business Initiative examines the sports industry in the same manner that, for example, financial institutions, manufacturing or the real estate industries are traditionally explored at major business schools. Wharton is uniquely positioned with its breadth of faculty to serve as a leader for the examination and implementation of best practices and future business models in this arena. Our key goal is to conduct research that enhances the sports industry, allowing the industry to leverage and benefit from our findings. The WSBI survey team was led by Professor Tukufu Zuberi in collaboration with Professor Camille

Charles.

Tukufu Zuberi is the Lasry Family Professor of Race Relations. He is also the

Director of the Center for Africana Studies, and Chair of Sociology Department.

As an internationally-known social scientist, Professor Zuberi has made important contributions in the study of sociology, research methods, and population studies. Professor Zuberi is the author or editor of seven books or edited journal volumes. He is the author of Swing Low, Sweet Chariot: The

Mortality Cost of Colonizing Liberia in the Nineteenth-Century, published by the

University of Chicago Press in 1995; and Thicker Than Blood: How Racial

Statistics Lie, published by the University of Minnesota Press in 2001. He has just completed a manuscript on the history of Timbuktu, entitled Timbuktu: Pearl of the African Sea that will also be filmed as a documentary for PBS and National

Geographic. He is the series editor of the General Demography of Africa (a multi-volume series). He has written more than 50 scholarly articles and co-

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 7 edited four volumes. Professor Zuberi has edited or co-edited special issues of the December 2000 Black Scholar on “Transcending Traditions: African, African

Diaspora, and African American Studies in the 21st Century;” the March 2000 issue of The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science on

“The Study of African American Problems: Papers In Honor Of W.E.B. Du Bois,” and a volume of Race and Society on Racial Statistics. He is co-editor of the recently published The Demography of South Africa, published by New York:

M.E. Sharpe; and White Logic, White Methods: Racism and Methodology, published by Rowman and Littlefield.

Camille Zubrinsky Charles is Associate Professor of Sociology and Education, and Faculty Associate Director of the Center for Africana Studies at the

University of Pennsylvania. She is author of Won’t You Be My Neighbor: Race,

Class and Residence in Los Angeles (Russell Sage, Fall 2006), which examines cross-cutting, individual-level factors thought to influence aggregate housing patterns, and co-author of The Source of the River: The Social Origins of

Freshmen at America’s Selective Colleges and Universities (2003, Princeton

University Press). She also has two other book projects underway: Taming the

River: Negotiating the Academic, Financial, and Social Currents in Selective

Colleges and Universities (co-authored with Douglas S. Massey and colleagues;

Princeton University Press), is the second in a series based on data from the

National Longitudinal Survey of Freshmen. Race-ing Through College: Black

Students at Selective Colleges and Universities is a sole-authored project

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 8 focused on diversity within the black student population. Her research interests are in the areas of racial inequality, racial attitudes and intergroup relations, racial residential segregation, and minorities in higher education; her work has appeared in Social Forces, Social Problems, Social Science Research, The

DuBois Review, the American Journal of Education and the Annual Review of

Sociology.

DESIGN AND BASIC METHODS OF THE NFL PLAYER SURVEY

The NFL Players Survey provides a description and exploration of the opinions and thoughts of the active players during the 2007 season. The surveys were completed between September and November of 2007. This survey differs from the standard survey in that all players in the NFL were asked to complete the questionnaire. The main method of administering the survey questionnaires to the players was by self-administration. It was appropriate for the NFLPA representatives to administer the questionnaire to the players during their visit to the team. At this time all of the players were gathered at the same place at the same time. The overall completion rate for the survey is above 80%. This is an extremely high response rate and validates the representativeness of the results.

The results represent the most comprehensive coverage of the views of NFL players.

To examine if the results of the NFL Player Survey were due to chance or the reflection of statistically significant differences we preformed basic tests of significance. The Chi Square is the standard test of significance in social

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 9 sciences. It is based on the null hypothesis that assumes that there is no relationship between the two variables in the total population. The observed distribution of values of the two separate variables are used to compute the conjoint distribution that would be expected if there were no relationship between the two variables. The results are a set of expected frequencies for all the cells in the contingency table. We then compare this expected distribution with the distribution of cases actually found in the survey data, and we determine the probability that the discovered discrepancy could have resulted from sampling error.

The Chi Square can be tested for statistical significance by the use of standard tables of values that permit us to determine whether a given association is statistically significant and at what level. Any standard statistics textbook provides instructions on the use of such tables. These tests of significance provide an objective yardstick against which to estimate the significance of associations between variables. They assist us in ruling out associations that may not represent genuine opinions of the active NFL players. These are tests of statistical significance; there are no objective tests of substantive significance.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 10 FINDINGS

ACTIVE PLAYER EVALUATION OF COACHES

The coach is considered by most players to be one of the most significant individuals in the game of football, so we began our questionnaire by asking “who is the coach that has been the most influential in your career, and when/where did he coach you?”

For most players the most influential coach was a Professional football coach, followed by a college, and high school coach (see Figure 1). A majority of NFL players (56%) said that an NFL coach—though not necessarily their current coach—has been most influential in their careers. The longer a player has been in the NFL, the more likely he is to report that an NFL coach has had the most influence in his career. Just over one-quarter of players said that their college coach has been most influential and roughly 15 percent say their high school coach has been most influential.

Figure 1. Most Influential Coach

Notes: NFLPA Survey 2008

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 11

Most players do not consider all coaches equal. We asked each player to identify “the 5 most important attributes for a head coach, coordinator, and position coach?” Players were asked to select their top 5 choices out of 22 attributes. The choices consisted of the following:

__ Played Professional Football __ The Ability to Delegate __ Ethical __ Appreciating/Respecting Difference __ Compassionate __ Cultural Proficiency __ Approachable __ Inspirational __ Interacts Well With Others __ Motivation Skills __ Self-Discipline __ Keeps People on Task __ Innovative __ Leads by Example __ Exhibits Professionalism __ Willing to Take Risks __ Consensus-Building __ Management Skills __ Effective Negotiator __ Self-Awareness __ Good Communication Skills __ Empathy

For most players the most important attribute for a coach was good communication skills (see Table 1). According to the players the skill set needed for the different positions overlap, but differ in important ways. For Head

Coaches communication skills was followed by the coach having skills in motivation, being approachable, management, and leading by example. For

Coordinator’s the most important attributes following Good Communication were willingness to take risks, motivational skills, approachability, and being innovative. For Position Coaches, good communication skills were followed by being approachable, having motivational skills, having played in the NFL, and keeping players on task. Good communication and motivational skills were by far considered to the two most important attributes of a coach.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 12 Table 1. Players’ Assessments of Characteristics most important for Head Coaches, Coordinators, and Position Coaches

Head Coach % Coordinator % Position Coach % 5 Most Important 5 Most Important 5 Most Important Good 64.7 Good 61.4 Good 69.7 communication communication communication skills skills skills Motivation 46.9 Willing to take 41.9 Approachable 58.1 skills risks Approachable 45.1 Motivation skills 40.8 Motivation 46.5 skills Management 32.8 Approachable 36.8 Played in NFL 40.8 skills Leads by 32.7 Innovative 35.8 Keeps people 31.2 example on task Notes: NFLPA Survey 2008.

We asked the players about the quality of their coaches. We asked each player to list their opinion about the quality of their coaches. The responses of players differed by race and conference. These differences were most pronounced in player attitudes about “respect” and “trust”. White players expressed more trust and respect for their head Coaches. Likewise, players in the AFC expressed more trust and respect for their head coaches then players in the NFC.

According to the results presented in Figure 2, NFL Players are quite happy with their head coaches. Nearly 90 percent of players said that they respect their head coach; almost three-quarters said they trust their head coach and 79 percent believe that their head coach is “top quality.” Between 67 and 69 percent of players (strongly) agree that their head coach knows their position and is a good communicator.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 13 According to Figure 3 there are small but important differences between white and African American players. The biggest of these differences is that African

American players are nearly 10 percent less likely to say that they trust their head coach. African American players are also less likely to think their coach is

“top quality” or that he knows their position.

Figure 2. Player Opinion of Head Coach

Figure 3. Player Opinion of Head Coach by Race

Notes: NFLPA Survey 2008

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 14 PLAYER CHARACTERISTICS

The basic composition of the players is captured in figures (Figures 4-6 are all based on the NFL Players Survey). According to Figure 4 the racial breakdown of the players is sixty-five percent African American, twenty-nine percent White,

2.7 percent Asian, 1.2 percent Hispanic, less than one percent Native American and about 2 percent “other.” In Figure 5 we show the primary positions of players. A little over a half of NFL players are in offensive position, while a little less than half are in defensive positions. Roughly one-third of players entered the NFL as first-day draft picks, another third as a second-day pick, and the remaining one-third are undrafted free-agents (Figure 6).

Figure 4. Player’s Race

Figure 5. Player’s Primary Position

Figure 6. How Player Entered League

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 15 Figure 7 shows that very few players (12.3%) report receiving some sort of post-season award or recognition. The average NFL player has 4 years of experience (Figure 8). Forty-two percent of players have been in the NFL for two years or less, and nearly one- third report between 3 and 5 years of NFL experience. Just over one-quarter of players have 6 or more years of playing experience.

Figure 7. Any Postseason Award

Figure 8. Player Experience

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 16

In Figure 9 we find that nearly 60 percent of players are on teams that had winning records (8-8 or better) in 2006.

Figure 9. Player on a Winning Team in 2006

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 17 PLAYER RANKINGS We asked players which team they considered to be the best organization in the NFL. According to the NFL Player Survey the best team in the NFL is the New England Patriots, followed by the Indianapolis Colts, and the . The full NFL Players Survey ranking of teams is provided in Table 2. Table 2. Players’ Ranking of NFL Organizations 2000- 2000- 2000- 2000- Rank Team 2006 2006 Rank Team 2006 2006 Reg. Post- Reg. Post- Season Season Season Season Record Record Record Record 1 New England 75-37 12-2* 17 Houston 24-56 0-0 Patriots Texans 2 Indianapolis 76-36 7-6* 18 Kansas City 60-52 0-2 Colts Chiefs 3 Dallas 49-63 0-2 19 San Francisco 48-64 1-2 Cowboys 49ers 4 Green Bay 65-47 2-4 20 Atlanta 51-60-1 2-2 Packers Falcons 5 Pittsburgh 72-39-1 7-3* 21 New Orleans 55-57 2-2 Steelers Saints 6 Denver 70-42 1-4 22 New York 58-54 2-4 Broncos Giants 7 67-45 5-3* 23 Minnesota 54-58 2-2 Ravens Vikings 8 Seattle 63-49 3-5 24 St. Louis 65-47 3-4 Seahawks Rams 9 Chicago Bears 58-54 2-3 25 New York Jets 58-54 2-4 10 Tennessee 60-52 2-3 26 46-66 0-0 Titans 11 Washington 49-63 1-1 27 33-79 0-0 Redskins 12 Carolina 52-60 5-2 28 Cincinnati 47-65 0-1 Panthers Bengals 13 Philadelphia 75-37 8-6 29 Cleveland 39-73 0-1 Eagles Browns 14 Jacksonville 53-59 0-1 30 Arizona 35-77 0-0 Jaguars Cardinals 15 San Diego 53-59 0-2 31 Miami 60-52 1-2 Chargers Dolphins 16 Tampa Bay 58-54 3-3* 32 Oakland 48-64 4-3 Buccaneers Raiders Notes: 2000-2006 records do not include playoff results. Post-season records include all playoff and appearances between 2000-2006. Super Bowl winners are noted with an asterisk (*). For team records see www.pro- football-reference.com. The existed since 2002. All other data are from the NFLPA Survey 2008.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 18

When asked to identify the worst team in the NFL, the players list the Oakland Raiders as the worst team, followed by the Miami Dolphins and the Arizona Cardinals. None of the active players in the NFL nominated Seattle, Green Bay, or Carolina as the worst NFL organization.

Table 3. Players’ Ranking of Worst NFL Organizations 2000- 2000- 2000- 2000-2006 Rank Team 2006 2006 Rank Team 2006 Post- Reg. Post- Reg. Season Season Season Season Record Record Record Record 1 Oakland Raiders 48-64 4-3 16 Houston Texans 24-56 0-0 2 Miami Dolphins 60-52 1-2 17 Washington 49-63 1-1 Redskins 3 Arizona 35-77 0-0 18 Philadelphia 75-37 8-6 Cardinals Eagles 4 Cleveland 39-73 0-1 T19 Kansas City 60-52 0-2 Browns Chiefs 5 Cincinnati 47-65 0-1 T19 Tampa Bay 58-54 3-3* Bengals Buccaneers 6 Detroit Lions 33-79 0-0 21 Chicago Bears 58-54 2-3 7 Buffalo Bills 46-66 0-0 22 Dallas Cowboys 49-63 0-2 8 New York Jets 58-54 2-4 T23 Baltimore 67-45 5-3* Ravens 9 58-54 2-4 T23 70-42 1-4 10 St. Louis Rams 65-47 3-4 T23 Jacksonville 53-59 0-1 Jaguars 11 Minnesota 54-58 2-2 T23 Pittsburgh 72-39-1 7-3* Vikings Steelers 12 51-60-1 2-2 T23 San Diego 53-59 0-2 Chargers T13 New England 75-37 12-2* 28 Indianapolis 76-36 7-6* Patriots Colts T13 New Orleans 55-57 2-2 T28 Tennessee 60-52 2-3 Saints Titans T13 San Francisco 48-64 1-2 49ers

Notes: See notes for Table 2.

We asked the players which active NFL head coaches they would most like to play for. Indianapolis Colts head coach is the coach most players want to play for, followed by Chicago Bears head coach Lovie Smith. New England Patriots head coach Bill Belichick ranks third among players, followed by Herman Edwards of the Chiefs and the Steelers’ Mike Tomlin

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 19 (see Table 4). The results in Table 4 vary significantly by race or league (see Tables 5 and 6). White players rank Bill Belichick second and Lovie Smith third. makes the top 5 among whites as well. Black players ranked Bill Belichick third and Mike Shanahan is much lower (#9).

Table 4. Players’ Rankings of 2007 Season NFL Head Coaches Overall Playoff Overall Playoff Rank Head Organization Record Record Rank Head Organization Record Record Coach Coach 1 Tony IND Colts 127-65 9-9* 17 Jack Del JCK Jaguars 45-35 1-2 Dungy Rio 2 Lovie CHI Bears 36-28 2-2 18 Gary HOU Texans 14-18 0-0 Smith Kubiak 3 Bill NE Patriots 127-81 15-4* 19 Mike Nolan SF 49ers 16-32 0-0 Belichick 4 Herman KC Chiefs 52-60 2-4 20 Mike GB Packers 21-11 1-1 Edwards McCarthy 5 Mike PITT Steelers 10-6 0-1 21 BUFF Bills 50-67 0-1 Tomlin 6 Wade DAL 61-42 0-4 21 Romeo CLE Browns 20-28 0-0 Phillips Cowboys Crennel 7 Mike DEN Broncos 138-90 8-5* 23 Ken AZ Cardinals 8-8 0-0 Shanahan Whisenhunt 8 Marvin CIN Bengals 42-38 0-1 24 Rod DET Lions 10-22 0-0 Lewis Marinelli 9 Jeff TENN Titans 115-99 5-5 25 Norv SD Chargers 69-87- 3-2 Fisher Turner 1 10 Mike SEA 157-99 13-11* 26 Cam MIA Dolphins 1-15 0-0 Holmgren Seahawks Cameron 11 Brian BALT 80-64 5-3* 27 Bobby ATL Falcons 3-10 0-0 Billick Ravens Petrino 12 Andy PHL Eagles 88-56 8-6 28 Brad MINN Vikings 14-18 0-0 Reid Childress 12 Jon TB 86-74 5-4* 29 OAK Raiders 4-12 0-0 Gruden Buccaneers 14 Sean NO Saints 17-15 1-1 30 Scott STL Rams 11-21 0-0 Payton Linehan 15 WASH 154-94 17-7* 31 Tom NY Giants 103-89 8-6* Redskins Coughlin 16 John Fox CAR 51-45 5-2 32 Eric NY Jets 14-18 0-1 Panthers Mangini Notes: Post-season records include all playoff and Super Bowl appearances. Those coaches with Super Bowl victories are noted with an asterisk (*). Head coach records are from www.pro-football-reference.com. All other data are from the NFLPA Survey 2008.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 20 Table 5. White Players’ Ranking of 2007 Season NFL Head Coaches (Partial list)

Current Overall Post-

Rank Head Organization Record Season % Coach Record 1 Tony Indianapolis 127-65 9-9* 77.3 Dungy Colts 2 Bill New England 127-81 15-4* 35.1 Belichick Patriots 3 Lovie Chicago 36-28 2-2 33.7 Smith Bears 4 Mike Denver 138-90 8-5* 31.6 Shanahan Broncos 4 Jeff Fisher Tennessee 115-99 5-5 26.4 Titans 6 Herman Kansas City 52-60 2-4 26.3 Edwards Chiefs 7 Mike Seattle 157-99 13-11* 22.3 Holmgren Seahawks 8 Wade Dallas 61-42 0-4 20.6 Phillips Cowboys 9 Mike Pittsburgh 10-6 0-1 18.7 Tomlin Steelers 10 Philadelphia 88-56 8-6 16.1 Eagles 11 Jon Tampa Bay 86-74 5-4* 15.2 Gruden Buccaneers 12 Brian Baltimore 80-64 5-3* 11.5 Billick Ravens 13 Marvin Cincinnati 42-38 0-1 8.4 Lewis Bengals Notes: Post-season records include all playoff and Super Bowl appearances. Those coaches with Super Bowl victories are noted with an asterisk (*). Percentages include every player who lists a coach anywhere in his top 5 coaches. Team records are from www.pro-football-reference.com. All other data are from the NFLPA Survey 2008.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 21 Table 6. Black Players’ Ranking of 2007 Season NFL Head Coaches (Partial list)

Current Overall Post- Rank Head Organization Record Season % Coach Record 1 Tony Indianapolis 127-65 9-9* 86.7 Dungy Colts 2 Lovie Chicago 36-28 2-2 49.7 Smith Bears 3 Bill New England 127-81 15-4* 41.1 Belichick Patriots 4 Herman Kansas City 52-60 2-4 40.7 Edwards Chiefs 5 Mike Pittsburgh 10-6 0-1 34.3 Tomlin Steelers 6 Wade Dallas 61-42 0-4 25.1 Phillips Cowboys 7 Marvin Cincinnati 42-38 0-1 24.5 Lewis Bengals 8 Jeff Fisher Tennessee 115-99 5-5 16.3 Titans 9 Mike Denver 138-90 8-5* 16.0 Shanahan Broncos 10 Brian Baltimore 80-64 5-3* 13.2 Billick Ravens 11 Jon Tampa Bay 86-74 5-4* 11.0 Gruden Buccaneers 12 Andy Reid Philadelphia 88-56 8-6 10.1 Eagles 13 Mike Seattle 157-99 13-11* 9.5 Holmgren Seahawks Notes: Post-season records include all playoff and Super Bowl appearances. Those coaches with Super Bowl victories are noted with an asterisk (*). Percentages include every player who lists a coach anywhere in his top 5 coaches. Team records are from www.pro-football-reference.com. All other data are from the NFLPA Survey 2008.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 22 Players were also asked to tell us which 5 head coaches they would least like to play for. Giants head coach Tom Coughlin is the coach they would least like to play for, followed by New York Jets head coach Eric Mangini (32.6%) and Tampa Bay head coach Jon Gruden (25.6%) (see Table 7).

Table 7. Players’ Rankings of Least Desirable 2007 Season NFL Head Coaches Overall Playoff Overall Playoff Rank Head Organization Record Record Rank Head Organization Record Record Coach Coach 1 Tom NY Giants 103-89 8-6* T17 Andy Reid PHL Eagles 88-56 8-6 Coughlin 2 Eric NY Jets 14-18 0-1 T17 Romeo CLE Browns 20-28 0-0 Mangini Crennel 3 Jon TB 86-74 5-4* 19 Mike SEA 157-99 13-11* Gruden Buccaneers Holmgren Seahawks 4 Bobby ATL Falcons 3-10 0-0 20 Mike Nolan SF 49ers 16-32 0-0 Petrino 5 Bill NE Patriots 127-81 15-4* 21 Mike DEN Broncos 138-90 8-5* Belichick Shanahan 6 Norv SD Chargers 69-87- 3-2 21 Marvin CIN Bengals 42-38 0-1 Turner 1 Lewis 7 Cam MIA Dolphins 1-15 0-0 23 Ken AZ Cardinals 8-8 0-0 Cameron Whisenhunt 8 Lane OAK Raiders 4-12 0-0 24 Herman KC Chiefs 52-60 2-4 Kiffin Edwards 9 Joe Gibbs WASH 154-94 17-7* 25 John Fox CAR 51-45 5-2 Redskins Panthers 10 Brian BALT 80-64 5-3* 26 Mike GB Packers 21-11 1-1 Billick Ravens McCarthy 11 Dick BUFF Bills 50-67 0-1 27 Gary HOU Texans 14-18 0-0 Jauron Kubiak 12 Brad MINN Vikings 14-18 0-0 28 Mike PITT Steelers 10-6 0-1 Childress Tomlin 12 Rod DET Lions 10-22 0-0 29 Jeff Fisher TENN Titans 115-99 5-5 Marinelli 14 Jack Del JCK Jaguars 45-35 1-2 30 Wade DAL 61-42 0-4 Rio Phillips Cowboys 15 Scott STL Rams 11-21 0-0 31 Lovie Smith Chicago 36-28 2-2 Linehan Bears 16 Sean NO Saints 17-15 1-1 32 Tony IND Colts 127-65 9-9* Payton Dungy Notes: Post-season records include all playoff and Super Bowl appearances. Those coaches with Super Bowl victories are noted with an asterisk (*). Head coach records are from www.pro-football-reference.com. All other data are from the NFLPA Survey 2008.

NFL PLAYERS SURVEY 23