Socio-Religious and Political Reform Movements

Socio-Religious and Political Reform

Movements

By: MG Jayasankar (20+ Years Teaching Experience)

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Practice Problems with Solution

Question 1: Who was the founder of the 'Prarthana Samaj'? A: Ramakrishna Paramahamsa B: Swami Vivekananda C: Dr.Atmaram Panduranga D: Dayananda Saraswati

Question 2: The famous Bhakti saint who belonged to the royal family of Mewar was _____ A: Chaitanya B: Andal C: Mirabai D: Ramabai

Question 3: The call "Go back to Vedas" was given by ______A: Ramakrishna Paramahansa B: Vivekananda C: Jyotiba Phule D: Dayananda Saraswathi

Question 4: The Rama Krishna Mission was established by ______A: Ramakrishna Paramahansa B: Swami Vivekananda C: Mahadev Govind Ranade D: Keshab Chandra Sen

Question 5: Which of the following reform movements was the first to be started in the 19th century? A: Prarthana Samaj B: Brahmo Samaj C: Arya Samaj D: Rama Krishna Mission

Question 6: When was the All Indian Women's Conference established? A: 1924 B: 1925 C: 1926 D: 1927

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Question 7: Who was the founder of the Aligarh Movement? A: Sir Agha Khan B: Maulana Altaf Hussain Ali C: Maulana Shibli D: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan

Question 8: The social reawakening in India that happened in the 19 th century was confined to ______A: priestly class B: upper middle class C: rich peasantry D: urban landlords

Question 9: Sant Kabir was born at ______A: Delhi B: Varanasi C: Mathura D: Hyderabad

Question 10: The Bhakti Cult spread in Maharashtra with the teachings of ______A: Sant Tukaram B: Sant Jnaneswara C: Samarth Guru Ramdas D: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

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Answers and Solutions

1:- C Solution: Prarthana Samaj was a socio-religious movement founded in Bombay by Dr. Atmaram Pandurang and his brother Dadoba Pandurang in 1867, for worship and social reforms in Hindu society. They were inspired to form the movement following the visit of Keshub Chandra Sen to Maharashtra to make people beleive in one God and worship only one God. The movement became popular in Bombay after Mahadev Govind Ranade joined it. The samaj was spread to southern India by Telugu social reformer and writer Kandukuri Veerasalingam. The precursor of the Prarthana Samaj in Bombay was the Paramahamsa Sabha, a secret society for the furtherance of liberal ideals by Ram Balkrishna Jaykar and others in Bombay. It was kept secret to avoid the wrath of the powerful orthodox hindu majority. 2:- C Solution: Mirabai was one of the greatest saints of the Bhakti movement in 16th century India. She was born into a Rajput royal family in Kudki, Pali district, Rajasthan as the only child of Ratna Singh Rathore of Merta, rajasthan.

3:- D Solution: Swami Dayananda Saraswati, originally known as Mula Shankar, founded the Arya Samaj in 1875, in Bombay. He wrote Sathyartha Prakash and Veda Bhashya Bhumika.One of the main messages of Swami Dayanada Saraswati was for Hindus to go back to the roots of their religion, which are the vedas.By doing this, he felt that Hindus would be able to improve the depressive religious, social , political and economic conditions prevailing in India. 4:- B Solution: The Rama Krishna monastic order and mission was officially established on 01 st May 1897 by Swami Vivekananda, the chief disciple of Swami Rama Krishna Paramahansa of Dakshineshwar. 5:- B Solution: The Brahmo Samaj was the first modern hindu reform movement. It was founded in 1828 in Calcutta by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. It was the first rationalistic and intellectual movement in India that propogated the ideal of one universal God. There was no place for temples, sacrifices, rituals and priests in the Samaj and it propogated progressive social practices. 6:- D Solution: The All Indian Women's Conference [AIWC] was established in 1927 for the upliftment and betterment of women and children. Its founder members were Maharani Chimnabai Gaekwad Rani Sahiba of Sangli,

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Sarojini Naidu, Kamla Devi Chattopadhyaya, Lady Dorab Tata etc. The first meeting of AIWC was at Ferguson College, Pune on 3 rd January, 1927. 7:- D Solution: Aligarh Movement was formed by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan to educate the muslims of south Asia, after the defeat of the rebel forces in the Indian rebellion of 1857. The most significant achievement of the Aligarh Movement was the establishment of Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College at Aligarh, which later became Aligarh Muslim University. 8:- B Solution: The social reawakening in India in the 19 th century was confined largely among the upper middle class sections of the society due to the English education of the middle class and the presence of British rule in India. 9:- B Solution: History is silent about Kabir's parents but it is known that he was brought up in a family of muslim weavers in Lehartara, situated in Varanasi. His important works include Sabad Doha, Holi, Rekhtal etc. 10:- B Solution: Sant Jnaneshwar also known as Sant Dnyaneshwar was a 13 th century Marathi saint, poet, philosopher and yogi of the Nath Vaishnava tradition. In his short life of 21 years, he authored Dnyaneshwari [ a commentary on the Bhagavad Gita] and Amrutanubhav. These are the oldest surviving literary works in the Marathi language. His legacy inspired saint-poets such as Eknath and Tukaram. He has been regarded as one of the founders of the Varkari Bhakti movement tradition in maharashtra.

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