Biometric indices of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) trees under resin extraction in Western Iran
Ashna Yousefi, Loghman Ghahramany, Hedayat Ghazanfari, Fernando Pulido & Gerardo Moreno
Agroforestry Systems An International Journal incorporating Agroforestry Forum
ISSN 0167-4366
Agroforest Syst DOI 10.1007/s10457-020-00518-1
1 23 Author's personal copy
Agroforest Syst
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00518-1 (0123456789().,-volV)( 0123456789().,-volV)
Biometric indices of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) trees under resin extraction in Western Iran
Ashna Yousefi . Loghman Ghahramany . Hedayat Ghazanfari . Fernando Pulido . Gerardo Moreno
Received: 16 August 2019 / Accepted: 12 June 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Resin extraction from wild pistachio trees trees (dbh C 5 cm) was measured. Total height, trunk is an extant agroforestry practice in Western Iran. This height, and crown diameters were measured in wild practice plays a great socio-economic role in rural pistachio trees as well. Results indicated that the communities, but its effects on tree survival and forest traditional method of resin extraction alters the stand persistence is still unknown. The objective of frequency distribution of trees in all the biometric this study was to assess how this practice could affect indices measured. The median dbh (36 cm and 26 cm the persistence of wild pistachio stands. Specifically, in unmanaged and managed stands, respectively), total we (1) analyzed the biometric indices of wild pistachio height (6.4 m and 5.1 m, respectively) and crown area trees under resin extraction vs untreated trees, and (2) (44.2 m2 and 23.3 m2, respectively) differed signifi- evaluated the changes in the distribution of biometric cantly between investigated stands. Trunk height indices classes of resonated wild pistachio trees. Two (2.7 m and 3.2 m, respectively) and trunk height to paired stands, including an unmanaged stand and a total height ratio (0.43 and 0.62, respectively) were managed stand were selected. Tree species was significantly higher in the managed stand. Resin- recorded and diameter at breast height (dbh) for all tapped trees reached a lower height and crown size for a given stem diameter, indicating that resin-tapping induce some kind of stress and/or consumption of Electronic supplementary material The online version of resources that slow down tree growth. this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-020-00518-1) con- tains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Keywords Allometric equations Á Agroforestry Á Forest conservation Á Multipurpose tree Á Non-wood A. Yousefi forest products Á Pistachio tree Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
L. Ghahramany (&) Á H. Ghazanfari Department of Forestry, The Center for Research and Introduction Development of Northern Zagros Forestry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran e-mail: [email protected]; Farming multipurpose trees, which interact econom- [email protected] ically and ecologically with other land-use production components, is a common agroforestry practices F. Pulido Á G. Moreno Institute for Dehesa Research, University of Extremadura, worldwide, especially in underdeveloped regions Plasencia, Spain (Nair 1985). In addition to wood production, 123