British contributions to science and medicine.

CCSA Summer 2017

Chem istry 3315: History of Science & Medicine

Texas A&M University – San Antonio

Syllabus:

Instructor: Dr. G. Robert Shelton Office: 210-784-2246 E-mail: [email protected] Cell: 817-239-3191 Facebook: Facebook link Maps: Google map link Table of C ontents

Tentative Schedule as of May 9, 2017 3 Class Itinerary 4 Objectives 4 Class Materials (iPads/Texts) 4 Participation 4 ADA Compliance 4 Scholastic Dishonesty 4 Disclaimers 4 Unanticipated expenditures 5 Additional Suggested Readings 5 Assessments 5 Participation in group discussions (10%) 5 Class quizzes (10%) 5 Wiki entry (15%) 5 Wiki presentation (5%) 5 Journals / Notebooks (10%) 5 Museum Geofencing (15%) 6 Final Project (25%) 7 Expectations 7 Helpful Hints 7 Option A 8 Option B 8 Rubric 8 SHOUT (10%) 9 SHOUT ITEMS: Chemistry Related 9 SHOUT ITEMS: Location Related (Extra Credit): 10 Course Philosophy 11 Field Trips 11 Westminster Abby 11 National Portrait Gallery 11 Burlington House 12 Natural History Museum 12 Oxford University 12 Victoria and Albert Museum 12 Faraday Museum 12 University College London / Ramsay’s Lab 12 Science Museum 12 Fleming Museum 13 Afton Chemical 13 Sherlock Holmes Museum 13 Flight Information 13

Page 2 of 13 Tentative Schedule as of May 9, 2017 Date Morning Afternoon Evening Travel Sat. Group Meeting in Atlanta 7/08 Arrive Local Airport SLEEP!!! Depart U.S.A. Orientation Sun. Short Walking Tour 17:00 - Faculty Meeting 7/09 Arrive London 14:30 - Tea @ the Strand Y-Dinner at pub (19:00) History of London & science Mon. Museum of London & 7/10 10:00 Orientation 20:30 - Jack the Ripper Walk Faraday Museum Art restoration & dead scientists Tue. 15:00 - National Portrait 7/11 Westminster Abby Gallery // National Gallery Wed. Natural history British style 7/12 Natural History Museum / V&A Museum Thu. Group excursion to Oxford 7/13 More details to follow. Fri. No scheduled activities 7/14 thru Dr. Shelton will be participating in the weekend excursion to Edinburgh/Alnwick Sun. 7/16 Mon. Modern Chemistry 7/17 Tour of Afton Chemical Ethanol & Water Tue. Fuller’s Brewery / National Maritime Museum 7/18 London Distillery & Royal Observatory History of Medicine Wed. Hunterian Museum & Fleming Museum 16:45 - Pre-Departure Meeting 7/19 14:00 - The Old Operating @St. Mary’s 17:15 - Dinner Theatre Thu. Science Museum 7/20 Survey’s & Passport Check Science Museum Fri. No Scheduled Activities 7/21 Optional full day excursion to Stonehenge & Salisbury No Scheduled Activities Sat. Optional full day excursion to Blenheim Palace & The 7/22 Y-Dinner at pub (18:00) Cotswolds Sun. Return Home 7/23 Depart U.K. Y-Optional Activity Page 3 of 13 Class Itinerary Classes: Have your Oyster card and kicks READY!

Objectives 1. Learn about the history of science and medicine from its days of alchemy thru modern times. Be able to explain significant experiments within historic and geographic contexts, while commenting on limitations of available equipment, accuracy of techniques, and volume of data required to draw conclusions. 2. Experience the advances in science and medicine from a British perspective. 3. Gain an appreciation for the public perspective of science and especially chemistry during these time periods. 4. Visit sites of relevance to 1-3.

Class Materials (iPads/Texts) The texts, electronic journals/blogs, and relevant material converted to PDF will be available through the instructor. Students may either opt to “check-out” an iPad from the instructor for the duration of the trip or use their own device. Please let Dr. Shelton know before departure if you wish to check out an iPad.

Participation Mandatory attendance at all activities associated with the CCSA program and this course is expected unless otherwise excused. Unexcused absences will result in a letter grade reduction in your final course grade. Our lecture periods will be presented as informal discussions, and you are expected to participate in these discussions (this participation may be assessed in the form of quizzes). A portion of your grade will be based on this participation.

ADA Compliance Students with disabilities are asked to discuss their concerns with Dr. Shelton and/or CCSA’s as soon as possible to arrange accommodations.

Scholastic Dishonesty CCSA and your University expects every student to maintain a high standard of individual integrity for work done. Scholastic dishonesty is a serious offense, which includes, but is not limited to, cheating on a test or other class work, plagiarism (the appropriation of another’s work and the unauthorized incorporation of that work in one’s own work), and collusion (the unauthorized collaboration with another person in preparing college work offered of credit). In cases of scholastic dishonesty Dr. Shelton may initiate disciplinary proceedings against the student.

Disclaimers Dr. Shelton reserves the right to alter at any time any of the information presented on this syllabus at his discretion.

Page 4 of 13 Remember grades are not wages. They are not intended to reflect how hard you worked or how good your intentions were. They are intended to reflect your mastery of the material relative to this class, other classes (elsewhere and else-when), and to reflect what I believe you ought to have achieved to attain a particular grade.

Unanticipated expenditures There is the possibility that some incidental costs might occur that aren’t covered by the CCSA fee. Students should therefor budget an extra $100 just in case certain required activities incur a modest extra expense.

Additional Suggested Readings • Michael Faraday: A Very Short Introduction. By Frank A.J.L. James • Transforming Matter: A Histroy of Chemistry from Alchemy to the Buckyball. By Trevor H. Levere • The Last Sorcerers: The Path from Alchemy to the Periodic Table. By Eric R. Scerri • The Chemical Tree. By William H. Brock • The Scientific Sherlock Holmes. By James O’Brien

Assessments

Participation in group discussions (10%)

Class quizzes (10%) Short quizzes to emphasize preparation for that day’s material and visits.

Wiki entry (15%) A wiki (a three-page paper, minimum of 750 words with photos, illustrations, and/or graphics) on a famous scientist buried or commemorated in Westminster Abbey or on the walls of the National Portrait Gallery. You are to research the individual covering their contribution to science. The instructor will have to approve the individual you select or you may ask the instructor for suggestions. This profile should contain information found in both traditional, electronic, and information acquired while abroad. Bibliography should be in typical ACS style. Most of the research should be completed before departure. Updating/editing your wiki with relevant information (your photos, new information gathered while in London, and the exact location of the marker(s) within Westminster Abby) while in London will be required. This wiki should be completed and submitted via TurnItIn.com by 11:59pm on August 6, 2017.

Wiki presentation (5%) While we are exploring London, when we come across your scientist you will be called upon to give a brief synopsis of the individual. Be prepared to host a 5 to 10-minute conversation on the scientist.

Journals / Notebooks (10%) You are required to keep an electronic/written “journal” during our time in London. You should make entries every day summarizing what we have seen/talked about

Page 5 of 13 during the day, as well as answering any questions the instructor asks you to consider. Your daily writing should be around the length of two notebook pages. Your first journal entry should be written before we depart for London and reflect upon what you hope to learn/experience during the course.

In addition to the above journaling you will also need to keep a small notebook on you at all times. Think of it as your “lab notebook”. You’ll use this to take notes on and record ideas on while out and about. Think of it this way, how are you going to remember the exact location of that picture you took for the Geofencing? If a tour guide uses a phrase that you want to remember for your final project, how are you going to remember it exactly? It would also be a good place to record information like the address for Moonraker Point, emergency telephone numbers, and directions if you are the type that is easily lost. This notebook will also be helpful in remembering what questions I’ve asked you during the day to reflect on and answer in your journal.

Dr. Shelton will collect these journals and notebooks from time to time while in London and require you to turn them into me when the final project is due.

Museum Geofencing (15%) Geofencing is a feature in a software program that uses GPS, RFID, or Bluetooth signals to define a geographic boundary. In essence a geofence is a virtual barrier, and when devices such as smartphones or tablets cross that barrier some sort of event is triggered. The technology has many practical uses. For example, a network administrator can set up alerts so when a hospital-owned iPad leaves the hospital grounds, the administrator can disable the device. A marketer can geofence a retail store in a mall and send a coupon to a customer who has downloaded a particular mobile app.

You will write the narrative to three different triggered geofence events to be used for future college level travel study students visiting London. No more than two events can be at the same location. The narratives should be around 250 words, excluding figures and pictures and include a detailed location of the geofence as well as a picture of the geofence location. If you would like to produce a short video on a few of these items (I highly encourage it) please discuss this with me ASAP.

For instance if you came across the following display while at the Natural History Museum you might be inspired to leave the next person a more detailed explanation of the history of sulfur. Or while visiting the Victoria and Albert Museum, ask yourself where do you see chemistry happening? The colors in the painting, the metal from a suit of armor, the rubies of Dorothy’s slippers, are all areas in which chemistry can play a significant role. Alternatively after going to the theatre or walking the route of Jack the Ripper, where and what chemistry did you discover?

Page 6 of 13 The triggered responses should be submitted electronically via TurnItIn.com no later then 11:59pm on August 6, 2017. Arrange with Dr. Shelton on how to submit your video responses by the same deadline.

Final Project (25%) Utilize your time in London to formulate a topic you wish to present, and have your topic approved by the instructor as soon as possible. Research the background and history of the topic both while in London and in the States. Make sure to identify major ethical issues raised by the topic. Please comment on the moral sensitivity (the ability to see an ethical dilemma, including how our actions will affect others) and not moral judgment (the ability to reason correctly about what 'ought' to be done in a specific situation) surrounding the topic. The presentation and related materials should be submitted electronically to the instructor’s email address no later than 11:59pm on August 6, 2017.

Expectations: to do a good job on this assignment, you will need to accomplish the following: • Introduction o Describe the broader topic. Make sure it is engaging and significant. o Lay out the history of the topic. Why is this technology important? Why care? • Science o Describe the technology o Describe the history (what problem is this technology trying to solve?) o Discuss the limits of the science/technology if relevant • Societal Impact. Briefly explore the societal impact and implications of the technology • Ethical issues o Identify the major ethical issue(s) raised by development and/or use of this technology and explain why they are ethically troubling o Describe the relationship between science and ethics. How does the technology give rise to the ethical issues? Helpful Hints: • Present a compelling problem that this science/technology is attempting to solve. Look at it from point of view of fellow scientists and the general public. Emphasis must be on compelling. If you don’t move them, they will have no strong reason to believe you. • Compelling also means worthwhile. Worth thinking about, worth discussing, raising ethically challenging concerns. • You have to establish that the problem the science/technology is addressing is substantial and significant. Substantial means that it is real (non-trivial)—with real consequences for people’s lives. Significant means that it affects more than just a few people. It impacts the community as a whole. This is the target population. • Make sure that you include collateral effects (all stakeholders who could be significantly impacted by the decision) • Ethical Issues: Identify the stakeholders. Anyone (or anything) impacted by the technology (e.g. individuals, organizations, communities, environment, etc). You should be able to identify precisely how your audience could be affected by this technology (i.e., how they are stakeholders)

Page 7 of 13 • You have to convince your readers that the ethical issues are important. It isn’t enough to just raise the issues—you need to show what’s at stake.

Option A: Working in groups of 2 or 3, produce a 15-minute multimedia presentation. The slides, written narrative (think close captioning), and video of the presentation will also have to be submitted for grading. Obviously, your presentation and materials should be properly referenced.

Option B: Research paper approximately 2500 words. 12 point font, single-spaced, 1” margins. Put name, date, and word count on first page. Include glossary of science terms at end of the paper. Title page, glossary and references (ACS style) do NOT count against your word count. Use real references and for the most part explain ideas in your own words.

Rubric 4 3 2 1 0 Few ethics terms

Ethics terms are Ethics terms are are used AND all Few ethics terms No ethics terms are Ethics terms used appropriately used appropriately are accurately are used AND used OR those that (glossary) (2) AND all are AND most are defined OR ethical most are accurately are used are never accurately defined accurately defined constructs present defined accurately defined but not identified Topic has 4/5 Topic has 3/5 Topic has 2/5 Topic is engaging, characteristics: characteristics: characteristics: significant, engaging, engaging, engaging, Topic is not compelling, significant, significant, significant, engaging or Introduction (4) focused, AND well- compelling, compelling, compelling, significant credentialed (with focused, and well- focused, and well- focused, and well- good evidence) credentialed (with credentialed (with credentialed (with good evidence) good evidence) good evidence) The technology is The technology is accurately defined somewhat The technology is The technology is Explanation of AND the science accurately defined defined inaccurately accurately defined technology is not Describe the behind the OR the description OR the description BUT the description present or is technology is is incomplete AND is incomplete AND Technology (7) is incomplete OR egregiously completely AND contains an error contains more than contains an error inaccurate accurately OR is complete but one error explained contains two errors The history of the The description is Description of The description is The description is technology is not quite complete history is not not quite complete incomplete AND Describe History (7) completely AND AND contains an present or is OR contains an contains more than accurately error OR contains egregiously error one error explained two errors inaccurate Limits of science are identified AND The limits are The limits are fully and accurately The identification identified and identified BUT are The limits of the explained OR OR explanation of accurate BUT not not accurate OR science are not student correctly limits is significantly completely accurately identified Limits (2) states that the limits inaccurate explained explained are not relevant or do not exist Societal impact and Societal impact and Societal impact and Societal impact and implications are implications are implications are Societal impact and implications are somewhat significantly significantly implications are not Societal Impact (3) identified and incomplete OR incomplete OR incomplete AND discussed clearly discussed somewhat unclear significantly unclear significantly unclear Clear AND accurate Mostly clear AND Unclear OR Unclear AND No identification of Identify Major identification of accurate inaccurate inaccurate relevant ethical Ethical Issues relevant issues, identification of identification of identification of issues Page 8 of 13 (6) including a clear relevant issues, relevant issues OR relevant issues explanation of why including a clear explanation of why AND explanation of they are ethically explanation of why they are ethically why they are troubling they are ethically troubling is unclear ethically troubling is troubling unclear Unclear OR Unclear AND Clear AND accurate Mostly clear AND inaccurate inaccurate No description of Describe description of how accurate description description of how description of how how the science or relationship the science or of how the science the science or the science or technology gives technology gives or technology gives between science and technology gives technology gives rise to the ethical rise to the ethical rise to the ethical ethics (3) rise to the ethical rise to the ethical issues issues issues issues issues Title is specific AND Title is specific OR Title is boring, but Title (1) Title is irrelevant Title is not present interesting interesting relevant Problem with one Problem with two Problem with three No problems with characteristic: characteristics: characteristics: There are so many length, grammar, length, grammar, length, grammar, length, grammar, problems that paper Paper Mechanics typos, sentence typos, references, typos, references, typos, references, is difficult to read. (2.5) structure or or occasional or occasional or occasional Student has not references awkward sentence awkward sentence awkward sentence proofread. structure structure structure

SHOUT (10%) (Scavenger Hunt Opportunity Using Technology). Prove you have found the following objects by photographing. Please, number your pictures and add a complete description as a caption! Cite where you found the item and why you believe it meets the criteria listed. NO REPEATS--even if one element fits for more than one item! For example, you cannot use NaCl as a halogen salt and an alkali metal compound

SHOUT ITEMS: Chemistry Related 1. a really large periodic table 2. a ductile and malleable metal 3. a solution of two metals (identify the metals) 4. an amalgam (identify the metals) 5. a mineral which contains palladium 6. a mineral which contains rhodium 7. a mineral which contains niobium 8. a mineral which contains copper 9. a mineral which contains rhenium 10. a mineral which contains fluorine 11. a mineral which contains chromium 12. a substance containing an atom with 26 protons 13. something containing an electromagnet 14. two allotropes of carbon 15. two allotropes of antimony 16. two allotropes of phosphorus 17. a transition metal confined within an inert gas 18. an inert elemental gas 19. an alkali metal compound

Page 9 of 13 20. a nonmetallic element that sublimates 21. an instrument using a metalloid 22. an elemental gas more dense than air 23. a transition element exploited by man 24. a liquid metal 25. a coinage metal 26. a major nonmetallic contributor to air pollution 27. an elemental illuminator 28. a transuranium metal employed by man 29. an element discovered by or named for a famous female scientist 30. a ball and stick representation of a molecule 31. a space-filling representation of a molecule 32. a scientific instrument that uses/measures radiation 33. a scientific instrument named after its inventor 34. a unique piece of laboratory glassware and its use

SHOUT ITEMS: Location Related (Extra Credit): 1. the Rolling Bridge, Paddington Basin 2. the seven noses of Soho 3. the hidden ears of Covent Garden 4. John Snow’s water pump, Soho 5. St. Martin’s Window 6. Britain’s smallest police station 7. Samuel Johnson’s cat 8. the hidden Space Invaders 9. the inspiration behind the red London telephone boxes, St Pancras 10. the plaque commemorating the location of an actual Texas Embassy

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Course Philosophy My “love” for chemistry will forever be rooted in organic chemistry. Be it physical organic/organometallic to the art of organic synthesis and working in the laboratory. I have ALWAYS been interested in the “story behind the story” be it chemistry, science, pop culture or history. Hence the desires to research, understand, and experience the science, scientist, and stories behind what we read in a textbook description. So here we are ready to dive into the history of chemistry by visiting the places where these events occurred!

This course and by association the instructor is not trying to suggest that England was the center of all things chemistry. Many people consider chemistry’s center was Germany. Lavoisier the “Father of Modern Chemistry” was actually French! Prehistoric alchemy has roots in the Chinese culture!

The major reason that I am offering this course in London is because of what I consider the major “themes” in chemistry are firmly rooted in their universities and laboratories: 1) The discovery of subatomic particles and atomic structure, and 2) The development of industrial chemistry as an offshoot of the industrial revolution. Hence, these two areas will be a focus of more then a few discussions. Since London is considered by many to be one of the world’s great centers of culture, we will also take the opportunity to discuss and debate the sometimes-tenuous interaction of chemistry and society.

Field Trips There are many field trips currently be considered for the course, with negotiations ongoing for many. Hence, you may not have the opportunity to visit all of these listed locations. Refer to the course website and faculty emails regularly for additional information. There will be time for you to visit other London landmarks on your own or with classmates.

Westminster Abby Website: http://www.westminster-abbey.org Hours of operation: Address: 20 Deans Yd, Westminster, London SW1P 3PA Tube: Westminster Abbey Tickets for entry must be paid out of pocket at time of entrance. Approximate cost is £17.00 (student w/ ID) to 20.00 (adult). Westminster Abbey Audio Guide App: http://www.westminster-abbey.org/visit-us/audiotour

National Portrait Gallery Website: http://www.npg.org.uk Hours of operation: Daily 10:00 to 18:00. Thursday and Friday until 21:00 Address: St Martin's Place, London, WC2H 0HE Page 11 of 13 Tube: Charing Cross Underground Station Notes: Richard Hallas, Senior Conservation Manager, will meet us at the Orange Street Reception.

Burlington House Website: http://burlingtonhouse.org Hours of operation: Daily 10:00 to 18:00. Thursday and Friday until 21:00 Address: St Martin's Place, London, WC2H 0HE Tube: Charing Cross Underground Station

Natural History Museum Hours of operation: Tube:

Oxford University Arranged Tour Museum of the History of Science Broad Street, Oxford OXI 3AZ Hours of operation Location: The Museum of the History of Science is located at the very centre of Oxford, on Broad Street, next to the Sheldonian Theatre and directly opposite Blackwell’s main bookshop. The Museum is within 10 minutes walking distance of the railway and coach stations.

Victoria and Albert Museum Hours of operation: By tube: Walking:

Faraday Museum Hours of operation: By tube: Walking:

University College London / Ramsay’s Lab Arranged Talk: By tube: Walking:

Science Museum Hours of operation: By tube: Walking:

Page 12 of 13 Fleming Museum Hours of operation: By tube: Walking:

Afton Chemical Hours of operation: Tour by Marshall Baker, Ph.D. Address: Registered Office at London Road, Bracknell, Berkshire RG12 2UW, UK Train: Matrins Heron Station Walking: 15 minute walk from Martins Heron Station.

Sherlock Holmes Museum Hours of operation: By tube: Walking:

Flight Information CCSA recommends that you keep a printed copy of your individual itinerary with you for reference as you travel. Please note that flight information is subject to change.

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