May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13779 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS MICHIGAN'S FIFI'H DISTRICT arms sales. With President Carter's con­ a. Lowered thermostat settings? Yes 92. troversial military sales now pending be­ No 8. QUESTIONNAIRE RESULTS b. Installed home energy saving devices? fore Congress, I hope we take notice of (insulation, storm windows, etc.) Yes 77. HON. HAROLD S. SAWYER the people's desire to cut back excessive No 23. , arms deals. By a similarly strong mar­ c. Use mass transit or joined carpool? Yes OF MICHIGAN gin, constituents opposed assignment of 21. No 79. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES women to combat units in the Armed d. Observe 55 mph speed limit? Yes 87. No Monday, May 15, 1978 Forces. 13 .• On other issues, opinion is about evenly • Mr. SAWYER. Mr. Speaker, one of the split on the merits of the government's greatest features of a participatory de­ program to help stamp out smoking and PER DIEM-A FAIR SHAKE NEEDED mocracy is the interest of the citizenry ro also only a slight majority favor ending FOR ENLISTED PERSONNEL petition their legislators and make their Saturday mail delivery. Most people views known on important issues facing support the idea of allowing the Ameri­ HON. WILLIAM L. ARMSTRONG our Nation. For the second year I have can public to propose national laws and asked my constituents in the 5th District enact them by popular vote and near OF COLORADO of Michigan for their views on several IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES issues facing the Congress. unanimous support was expressed for The response this year of over 19,000 requiring able-bodied persons to work for Monday, May 15, 1978 persons gives me great encouragement public assistance benefits. • Mr. ARMSTRONG. Mr. Speaker, and demonstrates the growing interest Mr. Speaker, I have taken note of today I am introducing legislation over Government intervention in the lives similar results reported by my colleagues which would rectify a practice that has of individual citizens. Since it is the and I am proud the response of more gone on for years-with the consent of people's vote I am casting as a U.S. Con­ than 19,000 persons which I received is Congress. The purpose of this bill is t.o gressman, this grassroots opinion is ex­ one of the highest reported. This speaks make the payment of per diem allow­ tremely valuable. highly of the interest and concern which ances basically the same for officers my constituents have for our National and enlisted personnel. One overriding theme expressed in this government. I wish to thank each and year's questionnaire results is the con­ As you may know, per diem is nor­ every person for their contribution to me mally paid when members of the arm~d cern and frustration over the growth and as their Federal legislator. At a time intrusion of the Federal Government in services are transferred away from when .Public trust in government and their home duty stations on a temporary our everyday lives. This is especially true elected officials is at an all time low, I in the establishment of new Federal basis-whether for special duty, train­ agencies. In response to the question: Do welcome this expression of public sup­ ing, or other forms of remporary duty you favor creation of a separate Federal port for our American system. (TDY) . But there is a basic unfairness Department of Education, 76 percent re­ The complete results of my second in the way in which the regulations are plied no. Only 24 percent of the more annual questionnaire follows: written. than 19,000 persons responding wanted a FINAL RESULTS, CONGRESSMAN HAL SAWYER'S When an officer goes on temporary new Government agency added to the al­ CONSTrrUENT QUESTIONNAmE, F'IFrH DIS­ duty, he continues to receive his basic ready overgrown Federal bureaucracy. TRICT, MICHIGAN allowance for subsistence

Statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor will be identified by the use of a "bullet" symbol, i.e., • 13780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 it turns out that the Air Force has been and often is resource competitive, de­ Nothing is certain but death and taxes, aware of this problem for several years. pending on the area of the State and goes the old saw. And a constant rise in As a matter of fact, the Air Force has fish and wildlife resources involved. government spending, you might add after looking at some recent Tax Foundation been trying to get the per diem rules Thus, while the Senat,e bill in 1971 con­ computations. changed since 1974. tained certain provisions pertaining to Since 1950, expenditures--Federal, state But the rest of the armed services subsistence, the House bill did not and and local-have increased more than ten­ could not agree on how the system should the Native Claims Act contains no pro­ fold, from $70.3 billion to $767.2 bllllon, be changed, and a result, the secretary visions protecting subsistence use by according to the nonprofit research organi­ of Defense referred the questions in- rural Alaskans. H.R. 39 corrects this de­ zation. volved to the Quadrennial Review on ficiency and contains (title VII) a sub­ The rise has been roughly parallel, with Military Compensation, which was sistence program which applies to the Federal outlays climbing from $44.8 blllion scheduled to begin in January of 1975. public lands only and one which the In­ in 1950 to $478.9 billion estimated !or 1978, whlle state and local spending rose !rom The QRMC general :findings were re- terior Department, the State of Alaska $278.3 blllion during the same time span. ferred to the President's Commission on and Alaskan Native peoples all supported Today's record expenditures place a total Military Compensation. And the Presi- during Intierior Committee deliberations burden on each household of $9,960, con­ dent's Commission on Military Com- on the bill. trasted with $1,615 at the century's midpoint. pensation issued its final report last Mr. Speaker, following is a letter from (1950). month. Mr. Peter A. A. Berle, commissioner, De- For certain, that's a big Jump. After all of this debate, not one word · partment of Environmental Conserva­ (The table below gives details !or selected about the per diem question appears in tion, State of New York in support of years from 1950 to 1978.) the final report of the President's com- title VII of H.R. 39 which I wish to share FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT mission. And we are now exactly where with all my colleagues. EXPENDITURES • the Air Force found itself 4 years ago- STATE oF NEW Yorut, SELECTED YEARS, 1950-78 with discrimination against married en- DEPARTMENT or listed personnel and no recommendations ENVIRONMENTAL CoNsnvATION, to change the situation. Albany, N.Y., May 2, 1978. Amount (billions) Since the House Armed Services Com- Re: Sections 704 and 705, Title VII (Subsist- All State Total mittee will be debating these issues over ence), Alaska National Interest Lands rovern- and per the weeks and months ahead, I am in- Conservation Act (H.R. 39). Fiscal year ments Federal local household Hon. MORRIS K. UDALL, troducing this legislation to call the mat- Chairman, House Interior and Insular Affairs 1978 2 ______1977 2 ______$757. 2 $478. 9 $278. 3 $9, 960 ter to their attention. The bill is basically Committee, Washington, D.C. 675.2 424.4 250. 8 9, 107 simple. It will allow enlisted personnel DEAR MR. UDALL: Commissioner Ronald o. 19751976 ______-----· •• _ 626.1 389. 9 236. 2 8, 592 1970 ______557.4 340. 5 216. 9 7,833 r~eiving a basic allowance for subsist- Skoog of Alaska's Department of Fish and 333. 0 208. 2 124. 8 5, 252 ence (BAS) to continue receiving BAS Game recently contacted me and asked my 1965 ______205. 7 130. 1 75. 6 3, 581 1960 ______1:,1. 3 when they are in a TDY status and get- support in opposing the provisions of H.R. 1950 ______97. 3 54. 0 2,865 ting per diem. This would place officers 39 dealing with subsistence uses of the re- 70. 3 44.8 25. 5 1, 615 sources of public lands in Alaska. Commis­ and enlisted personnel on the same basis. stoner Skoog's concern is that national in- 1 Grants-in-aid are counted as expenditures of the 1st dis- At a time when the volunteer armed terests and Jurisdiction may intrude into service needs every possible incentive to State authority. He has asked for my support bu:~~fr:::lid . retain trained and experienced enlisted on the grounds that the Federal-State rela­ Source: Tax Foundation computations based on basic data personnel,. I feel this legislation would tionship in H.R. 39 is "precedent-setting and from Bureau of the Census.• prove helpful in showing our concern eventually will involve almost every State for the problems faced by married and in the Union." career personnel. Commissioner Sl.roog's point of view is un- The principal beneficiaries would be derstandable and I do not envy him the task OUR GREAT PORT SYSTEM, A of discharging his duties in this extremely VITAL LINK IN THE ECONOMY those noncommissioned officers that form complex matter. At the same time I share the backbone of a strong and effective the view of the Administration and of m11- armed forces. lions of Americans that the national inter- HON. JOHN M. MURPHY So I would like to commend this legis- est and responsib111ty toward both the pub- lation to your attention.• lie lands and the native people of Alaska OF NEW YORK transcend local authority. Furthermore, Sec­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tions 704 and 705 of the legislation appear Monday, May 15, 1978 to me to provide a balanced process for Fed- eral and State cooperation in matters relat­ • Mr. MURPHY of New York. Mr. NEW YORK CONSERVATION DE­ ing to the. management of fl.sh and wildlife PARTMENT HEAD SUPPORTS SUB­ Speaker, with the addition of the follow­ resources. This represents an obvious depar­ ing 24 Members listed below, "National SISTENCE PROVISIONS OF H.R. ture from the traditional relationship of the 39 Federal and State government, but the situ­ Port Week," House Joint Resolution 773, ation in Alaska is clearly unique both in has 145 of the required 218 cosponsors terms of the magnitude and the high quality necessary for the Committee on Post HON. MORRIS K. UDALL of the resources involved. Office and Civil Service to report the OF ARIZONA Sincerely, resolution to the House floor. PETER A. A. BERLE .• IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The resolution authorizes the Presi­ dent to issue a national proclamation Monday, May 15, 1978 declaring the week beginning Beptember •Mr.UDALL. Mr. Speaker, one of the 17, 1978 as "National Port Week." Each most important provisions of H.R. 39, TENFOLD FEDERAL INCREASE of our ports has a profound impact on the "Alaska National Interest Lands the development of the economy as a Conservation Act of 1978" deals with the HON. JAMES M. COLLINS whole. In addition to the jobs the Ports question of continued utilization of fish OJ' TEXAS provide for the communities surround­ and wildlife resources on the public lands ing them, they off er additional employ­ for "subsistence" use purposes. Continu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment in a variety of industries related ation of subsistence patterns of use is Monday, May 15, 1978 to or dependent upon port activities. Our important not only to the maintenance • Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, waterborne imports and exports today of the Ala.ska-lifestyle, but is essential to Government spending is growing at too comprise over 98 percent of our foreign the survival of many rural Alaskan Na­ rapid a rate. Tax Foundation, Inc., made trade; therefore, it is not surprising that tive peoples. a study showing expenditures in Gov­ our ports create the jobs and generate While subsistence as a use of the pub­ ernment as they have grown since 1950. the business so vital to our economy lic lands in Alaska was an important The middle class is getting squeezed hard today. subject during congressional considera­ and wants less Government. I wish to thank our present list of co­ tion of the Ala.ska Native Claims Settle­ Here is the Tax Foundation, Inc., sponsors for their invaluable support and ment Act of 1971, such· use is complex statement: ask that my other colleagues join with May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13781 us in expre~ing to the Nation's ports our tic and foreign markets. Under the di­ tomers two weeks in advance, for example, gratitude by setting aside the week of rection of the company's current presi­ when a holiday forces a regular market tJ.me dent, R~ell A. Gwillim, the company to be rescheduled at any of the seven sites.) September 17 as "National Port Week." The buyer, considered a crucial position The new list of cosponsors for this now has more than 2,500 employees serv­ that requires considerable produce expe­ resolution is as follows: Mr. .ANNUNZIO, ing in seven plants throughout the rience in any direct marketing project, ls Mr. CONTE, Mr. CORMAN, Mr. DENT, Mr. United States still producing "the finest a thirtyish transplanted New Yorker with a DERRICK, Mr. EARLY, Mr. ECKHARDT, Mr. products available" as the company looks little background in produce but none in FARY, Mr. HANNAFORD, Mr. HOWARD, Mr. forward to the next 100 years. buying. Ryken says the key requirement 1s Mr. Speaker, it is the success of CR In­ a personality that can deal with vendors in JONES of Oklahoma, Mr. KOSTMAYER, Mr. the same "aggressive-assertive manner" that LE FANTE, Mr. MCDADE, Mr. MEEDS, Mr. dustries that makes their birthday an they display toward customers. However, the' MOORHEAD of Pennsylvania, Mr. ROBIN­ event of national interest, and it is with Marin Council had considerable previous SON, Mr. RONCALIO, Mr. RYAN, Mr. STARK, pride that I call this to the attention of "experience in the purchase, grading, sort­ Mr. THOMPSON, Mr. VANIK, Mr. CHARLES my colleagues and ask them to join with ing and distribution of perishable foods . . . H. WILSON of California; and Mr. YOUNG me in extending birthday greetings to an extremely important factor in predicting of Missouri.• President Russell A. Gwillim, the officers, program success," according to Labor De­ employees, shareholders, and customers partment evaluators. On only one day have buying calculations of the Chicago Rawhide Manufacturing been so far off that produce ran out before Co.e the end of the day's selling. Easing any CHICAGO RAWHIDE MANUFACTUR­ over-buying problem 1s the Marin Council's ING CO. · CELEBRATES lOOTH large congregate dinner program-125 elder­ BIRTHDAY . CETA PROGRAM ly fed a night. Any day's surplus of produce is simply inserted Into that night's dinner menu. The Council also has refrigerated stor­ HON. ROBERT McCLORY HON. JOHN L. BURTON age space available at its senior center, "The OF ll.LINOIS OF CALIFORNIA Whistlestop." The seven present sites, or "Whistlestop IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Junctions," are about 15 miles apart and Monday, May 15, 1978 Monday, May 15, 1978 are serviced on three days of the week, with multiple stops on ea.ch day spaced over an • Mr. MCCLORY. Mr. Speaker, on e Mr. JOHN L. BURTON. Mr. Speaker, extra-long work day. Volunteers manning the Saturday, May 20, 1978, I will be atten~­ as this Chamber will soon consider leg­ sites at market time, as well as the informa­ ing a centennial Celebration of the Chi­ islation to reauthorize the CETA pro­ tion network, make this three-day schedule cago Rawhide Manufacturing Co. (cur­ gram, I wish to bring to the Members' feasible. They will play an even broader role rently known as CR Industries) at the attention an account of a tremendously a.t the seven new sites, according to Ryken, who says their reliable help is making the Medinah Country Club, Medinah, m. succe~ful program which was initiated expansion possible. This marks the lOOth birthday of a through CETA funding. This worthwhile There is a choice of twenty fresh items, in­ company which, in the course of its his­ program will continue to operate after cluding staples like potatoes a.nd onions, at tory, has progressed from manufacturing its CETA moneys run out--an indication ea.ch mini-market 52 weeks a year. Among, buggy whips to the development and that these funds can indeed provide as­ the fresh fruits offered, the heaviest demand production of rocket booster sea.ls. sistance to needy people without becom­ is for citrus, such as grapefruit, Ryken re­ ing a continuing Federal grant program: ports. , Mr. Speaker, CR, which has its prin­ The wholesaling program ma.y have to cut cipal offices on State Street in Elgin in CETA-FuNDED MARKETING FOR 700 SENIOR back on the number of sites it serves after my 13th Congressional District, was CITIZENS, TERMED A LASTING SUCCESS November, but Ryken is firmly convinced it founded in 1878 with the purpose of A CETA-funded project that provides can now survive with an all-volunteer work "manufacturing the best leather belting wholesale-cost fresh fruits and vegetables force and whatever 1s necessary to supply to 700 low-income senior citizens in Marin service costs. He 1s actively seeking funds and buggy whips available." The com­ County, California will have little diffl.culty from private a.nd public sources and intendS pany was acquired in 1888 by William in continuing after its one-year Labor De­ to approach a local insurance company Emery, whose family held the office of partment funding runs out, according to its named on the Clearinghouse for Corporate president of the company for the next director. Responsib111ty "Donor List" (photo copies of 76 years. Edward Ryken, director of the Marin Senior which are provided by CFNP Report on re­ In 1928, CR received a patent for the ,Coordinating Council and its demonstration quest) .... first wheel seal which was to become ·"mini-markets" project, says there 1s · "no A photocopy of a synopsis of the Martin 'Way this program is going to terminate" when project, containing its project description to their major product by the middle thir­ •its $15,725 grant expires in November. Indeed, the Labor Department, as well as the latter's ties'. During this period, the basic mate­ the program, which now serves more than comments on the application or "Implemen­ rial was upgraded from the original 100 percent of its originally projected cus­ tation Hints", may be obtained by writing leather to precision grade synthetic rub- tomers at seven Inini-market distribution CFNP Report for "Mini-markets Boilerplate". ber. · sites throughout the county, is going to ex­ ( Similar photo copy "boilerplate" for a CR seals became a vital part of air­ pand to serve seven more locations over the CETA-funded food stamp outreach program next two months. may be obtained from the same source; see craft, ships, and motorized vehicles used CFNP Report Nos. 3, 6.) during the Second World War. As I indi­ This confident response suggests that Ryken can be reached at: The Whistlestop, cated earlier, the company progressed Ryken 1s correct in feeling that CETA fund­ 930 Ta.malpais Avenue, San Rafael, Califor­ ing does not have to be an indispensable nia 94901; telephone (415) 456-9062.e .from the buggy whip stage to the Space crutch for CFN programs. It can serve as a Age when it supplied special sea.ls for our useful springboard that can be later re­ space program. placed, provided programs thus started meet Mr. Speaker, one of my long time their target population's real needs and also friends from Lake Bluff was Stuart Ull­ build up a reliable volunteer staff the first PERSONAL EXPLANATION mann, who served with Chicago Rawhide year. Ryken believes the Marin County gov­ ernment, which has displayed interest in Manufacturing Co. for over 40 years-­ the program's successes, 1s a potential source HON. ROMANO L. MAZZOLI culminating his business career as Presi­ of future funding. OF KENTUCKY dent of CR Industries in 1964. During the A possible alternative, Ryken said, would IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time of his service, as well as during the be to charge project customers a 10 percent­ subsequent period when Phelps Wilder over-wholesale fee, "but that 1s not the Monday, May 15, 1978 served as president, the company ex­ way I would like td see us go." e Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, May 10, panded the scope of its operations--de­ The Marin project is staffed by one full­ 1978, I was necessarily absent from the veloping new products and new processes time buyer-supervisor who also does the fis­ House. to serve the Nation's automotive, indus­ cal reporting, and two part-time employees, Had I been present, I would have voted trial, and heavy duty truck markets. a driver and a clerk. However, "all double in brass" when _necessary, according to Ryken. "aye" on rollcall No. 296, an amendment Mr. Speaker, today, CR Industries is Volunteers play a significant role in manning to reduce the fiscal year 1979 budget by the world's leading manufacturing com­ each site and disseminating necessary in­ $56 million to accommodate deleting pany of oil seals with extensive domes- formation. (Flyers are distributed to cus- food-for-peace funds for South Korea. 13782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 I would have voted "no" on rollcall great universities, the United Way, the Little be amended to allow all taxpayers to take a No. 297, an amendment to set revenues Leagues of America, symphony orchestras­ deduction for their charitable gifts whether for fiscal year 1979 at $462.7 billion. you name it--that constitute an immensely they itemize or not. In a bl-partisan effort important part of American life. The move­ Reps. Joseph L. Fisher (D-Va.) and Barber I would have voted "no" on rollcall ment and vitality and creativity are constant. B. Conable (R-N.Y.) intend to offer Just No. 298, an amendment to set budget But all of these nonprofit sector activities such an amendment to President Carter's authority at $521.4 billion, outlays at depend on another powerful American tradi­ tax proposals. It deserves support. The area $464.6 billion, revenues at $464.6 billion, tion-the tradition of private giving for of our national life encompassed by the and the resulting deficit at $0 for fiscal public purposes. The ingredient of private deduction for religious, scientific, education­ year 1979. giving supplies the element of freedom. al and charitable organizations lies at the The tax deductlbillty of philanthropic gifts very heart of our intellectual and spiritual I would have voted "aye" on rollcall is a long-established policy designed to fur­ strivings as a people. Traditionally, govern­ No. 299, a vote on an amendment to re­ ther an authentically American idea-that ment leaders have agreed that here, if any­ duce the budget by $3.15 billion to ac­ it ls a positively good and important thing where, government should keep its distance commodate a reduction in funds for the in American life for a great many people, and the maximum degree of independence Department of Health, Education, and quite independently, in their capacity as should be preserved; here, if anywhere, those Welfare. private citizens, to contribute to charitable, elements of the human mind and spirit that And, I would have voted "aye" on roll­ religious, scientific and educational activities wither under bureaucratization should have of their choice. Among other things, it keeps a place to stand free. call No. 300, final passage of House Con­ alive in individual citizens the sense of per­ current Resolution 559, budget for the And this positive policy has worked. The sonal caring and concern so essential if a abuses have been trivial compared to the U.S. Government for fiscal year 1979.e mass society is to retain the element of great and lasting benefits. humaneness. But there is a new school of thought that It isn't easy to defend the area covered takes the view that a tax deductible dollar by private giving because it's made up of so given by Mrs. Jones to a school for blind many unrelated, unofficial, unclasslflable NONPROFIT SPffiIT AND THE TAX activities. But that's one of the very qualities SYSTEM children in her neighborhood is a dollar that--but for the deductiblUty-would have that makes it beautiful. It's an arena in found its way into the federal treasury and which freedom survives and flourishes. Let's ls, therefore, to be regarded as governmental keep it that away.e HON. DAN MARl,UOTT money. OF UTAH As the doctrine has developed, some of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those who wish to simplify our excessively Monday, May 15, 1978 complex tax structure have begun to say ARTS ENDOWMENT "Get all of those 'special treatment' items e Mr. MARRIOTT. Mr. Speaker, a re­ out of the tax code altogether. If any orga­ cent article in the Washington Post, Sat­ nizations merit preferential treatment, let urday, May 13, by John W. Gardner, is them receive it not through the tax code but HON. PETER H. KOSTMAYER an excellent piece of thinking on an im­ through outright congressional subsidy." And OF PENNSYLVANIA portant subject-the importance of pri­ the tax simplifiers are Joined by the govern­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vate initiative to social improvements. ment-knows-best types who say "Anyway, what right does Mrs. Jones have to decide Monday, May 15, 1978 America has a unique tradition of that that "government" dollar should go to e Mr. KOSTMAYER. Mr. Speaker, the local and personal contributions to the a school for blind children?" Eliminate the remarks of the internationally renowned whole spectrum of human needs from tax deductlbiUty, they say, and take Mrs. American baritone, Sherrill Milnes, be­ art to mental health. This habit has Jones' dollar into the federal treasury. Isn't brought out the best in our national Congress and the bureaucracy wiser than fore the Appropriations House Subcom­ character and has allowed innovation Mrs. Jones? There's no likelihood that they mittee on the Interior Department and and experiments on a small scale which have. seen (or ever will see) the school for Related Agencies offer persuasive testi­ have yielded great results. the blind she contributed to, so their Judg­ mony in support of full funding for the ment wm not be distorted by human feel­ arts endowment for fiscal 1979. Mr. The pseudo-intellectual thinking of lng--or first-hand knowledge. Milnes speaks of the arts endowment sup­ "Government can do everything" types It's the kind of doctrine that makes your port of opera across the United States has come up with the dubious notion head ache. Here we always thought it was as having established an operatic farm that everything that you and I have a really great thing that the American system. As one representing Bucks is the gift of a gracious Federal Govern­ people are so resourceful in launching pri­ vate-sector activities designed to serve com­ County, a district well known for both its ment which has kindly allowed us to farms and its artists, I applaud both Mr. keep it for them. Proponents of this munity purposes, an.d that they glve---of their own volition-to those activities and Milnes' statement and the work of the thinking casually talk about closing the participate personally. When all such activity arts endowment, because Government's loopholes of billions of dollars of per­ serving public purposes is safely under con­ support is helping create those conditions sonal-discretion spending, which they gressional control, what outlet wm be left of growth for the arts in America that it think they could spend more wisely. for all the personal caring and concern that did earlier in making possible America's Given the incredible waste and inflation­ ls now the driving force for voluntary activi­ great growth in agriculture. It is only re­ promoting penchant of the Federal Gov­ ties? Does anyone believe that a manual of cently that America's young artists have ernment, one ought to take a second regulations from Washington wlll unlock that miraculous energy? been recognized as one of our Nation's look at the argument. Mr. Gardner has great national and natural resources. If made an excellent argument against it, This is not to speak contemptuously of the and I commend it to you all: federal government. In our complex, swiftly that resource is to truly become available changing society, a vigorous, competent gov­ to our society, if the arts are to flourish NONPROFIT SPIRIT AND THE TAX SYSTEM ernment is necessary, and we must support it as they can in America, it will be because (By J9hn w. Gardner) and make it work. Government officials gen­ Government has joined the private sec­ Americans have always believed in plural­ erally haven't the slightest desire to weaken tor as a full partner in support of the ism-the idea that a free nation should allow the institutions supported by private gen­ arts. all k.lnds of people to take the initiative erosity. Yet five increases in the standard in all k.lnds of activities within the law. With­ deduction in the last eight years decreased Testimony follows: in that tradition, unpopular ideas can be ex­ the number of taxpayers ltemlzlng deduc­ TESTIMONY OF SHERRILL MILNES pressed; an utterly unknown person can tions drastically: almost 50 percent itemized My name is Sherrill Milnes. I am a baritone come up with an important innovation; busi­ in 1970; less than 25 percent itemize today. with the Metropolitan Opera. It ls a great ness ventures can arise and flourish--or The voluntary sector has lost about $5 bil­ privilege to have this opportunity to testify fail; religious groups can pursue their deep­ lion in contributions because of those in­ before you on behalf of the 1979 budget re­ est convictions; and so on. creases in the use of the standard deduction. quest of 150 m1111on dollars for the National Nowhere has that pluralistic tradition It ls estimated that, if the Carter adminis­ Endowment for the Arts. · flourished more richly than in the non­ tration's tax-reform proposals pass, only 16 I was born and raised on a farm in Down­ profit sector, the segment of our society that percent of taxpayers will itemize their de­ ers Grove, Illinois, where I received my first is neither business nor government. The ductions. musical training in the choirs of the Congre­ tradition has produced libraries, museums, To reverse this trend, the tax code should gational Church where my mother was Min- May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13783 lster of Music for 34 years. After receiving acci in a live national telecast from the Met­ emment should take the lead in assist­ two music degrees from Iowa's Drake Uni­ ropolitan Opera House. I am told that an es­ ing this process of experimentation. versity and doing post-graduate work at timated five million people shared the eve­ R. Northwestern University, I was chosen to be ning. In fact, more than 40,000 viewers have The article by Neal Peirce follows: an apprentice singer with the Santa Fe already requested the issue of Opera News THE PROMISE (AND PITFALLS) OF TRANSIT Opera, and began my professional experience offered during a brief intermission announce­ TECHNOLOGY as a singer in the h11ls of New Mexico. I then ment ·to any viewer interested in more infor­ INDIANAPOLIS.-A series of rude jolts joined the Goldovsky Grand Opera Theatre, mation about opera and the Met. We are awaited America's transportation technology singing for five years some 15 different roles indeed very grateful to the National Endow­ buffs at an April meeting here of the Ad­ l~ more than 200 communities as geograph­ ment fol" its support of the Met's PBS tele­ vanced Transit Association (ATRA). ically diverse as Altoona, Pennsylvania; Fer­ vision series. To their conference on such forms of gus Falls, Minnesota; and Monroe, Louisiana, As a result of all of these activities-per­ advanced transit as "downtown people often performing before audiences many of formances of our major and regional opera movers" the technologists invited a diverse whom were seeing professional opera for the companies, our young artists programs, our group of developers, city planners, politi­ first time. During this period my voice ma­ radio broadcasts and national telecasts­ cians and neighborhood spokesmen. But tured, and I began singing with our regional we are more and more performing before they quickly learned that widening the dia­ opera companies. Then, in the mid and late sold-out houses. There ls a constant grow­ logue beyond the converted in the choir can sixties, I made my debut with the Chicago ing demand for opera performances, indeed produce dlsquletl...1g, discordant notes. Lyric Opera, the San Francisco Opera, the all the performing arts, and we need your Repeatedly, the transit equipment devel­ New York City Opera, and the Metropolitan. help so that we can serve all our public opers were reminded that many of the Today I sing and record with all the leading better and nuture the wealth of talent in glamorous, innovative systems they've in­ opera houses in the world. America today. stalled in cities in recent years have been Two very strong influences on my career I therefore strongly urge full funding for plagued by technical bugs, excruciating de­ have been our network of professional opera Fiscal 1979 ·• lays, and "cost overruns that leave you gasp­ companies which gave me the opportunity ing." to train and perform, and the inspiration They also were warned that producing that came from great American artists who technically workable systems and selling sang with these companies such as Leonard them to mayors and downtown business Warren, Norman Trelgle, and Robert Mer­ ''TRANSIT TECHNOLOGY'' establishments isn't enough. From now on, rill. they heard, neighborhOOd. and citizen activ­ So I thank you, because National Endow­ ist groups will also have to be convinced ment support for these organizations made that projects will benefit not just downtown, my career in America possible. And, I thank HON. BILL FRENZEL but also the neighborhoods and the elderly, you, too, for what the Endowment has been OF MINNESOTA the young and the poor people of the cities. able to do for my younger colleagues. In the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES But despite the host of difficulties facing past, most young artists have been forced advanced transit, ATRA's board chairman, to go to Europe for their career development Monday, May 15, 1978 Michael A. Powills, believes it would be a and employment, in some cases never to re­ tragedy if the cities and the federal Urban turn again professionally. The Endowment e Mr. FRENZEL. Mr. Speaker, this Mass Transportation Administration has been of vital help in changing this. To morning's Washington Post carried an (UMTA) were to give up on developing and say it simply, your support has in effect interesting article by Neal Peirce dis­ installing demonstration models of promis­ brought America's "Farm System" for opera cussing "The Promise (and Pitfalls) of ing new transit technologies. There are solid back from Europe to the United States. reasons to think Powllls is right. As Chairman of the Board of Affiliate Transit Technology." Having just at­ tended a conference on the topic of ad­ First, advanced technology, if judiciously. Artists, I also want to express my apprecia­ applied, can provide significant labor sav­ tion for the variety of programs that are vanced transit and · urban revitaliza­ ings-a prime goal for urban transit sys­ employing our artists as artists, an employ­ tion sponsored by the Advanced Transit tems wracked by mounting labor costs. ment that gives them time to grow and de­ Association, he concludes that only velop in what ls a very fertile soil for the through actual deployment can we prove Second, well-designed systems could re­ arts-the communities of America them­ duce inner-city traffic congestion, making selves. Through Affiliate Artists, for example, or disprove the utility of new transit the cities more attractive places in which to about 215 young performers over the past technologies. shop and work. decade have had some 385 residencies in 47 Our understanding of the challenge Third, the United States, whose world eco­ states with as varied a group of sponsoring facing public transit is well understood. nomic position has long rested on high institutions as a naval air station in Maine, The public transit options currently technology and innovation, can ill afford, in an arts center in Colorado, and the Los available to cities carry only 5 percent a highly competitive international economy, Angeles Philharmonic in California-resi­ of urban trips, require multibillion-dol­ to neglect this area. dencies supported not only by the Endow­ Fourth, if-as many experts now predlct­ ment, but foundations, colleges, churches, lar capital and operating subsidies and severe shortages develop in the world supply businesses, state and local governments. In provide little potential for solving our of oil by the 1985-95 period, the United fact, our newest residency sponsor is the congestion, pollution, and energy prob­ States wlll have reason to regret not having Ohio Farm Bureau. lems. developed every potential method to reduce As I look back at my eighteen years of With this kind of track record as a its dependence on gasoline. performing, I am struck by the rapid growth backdrop, a sustained, adequately fund­ But if advanced transit technology ls so of professional opera activity, largely stimu­ ed transit R. & D. program begins to promising, why has it run into so many diffi­ lated by National Endowment for the Arts culties? One reason ls that the aerospace/ support. Opera companies who used to per­ look like an essential investment in the defense firms, which rushed into the field in form only a few weeks a year are now offer­ future of our cities. the late 1960's as their space- and weapons­ ing more performances of more operas in As with any R. & D. program we can systems orders declined, euphorically prom­ longer seasons. In addition, they are touring expect some disappointments and false ised early results while forgetting that in their regions and providing a variety of starts, particularly when it has to op­ neither cities nor UMTA could tolerate the special programs to serve new audiences and open-ended spending practices of defense our schools. erate in a highly charged political en­ vironment. But the cost of a solid R. & D. and space contracts. Second, they were under Many people are necessary to create and political pressure, from both Washington perform opera. It combines all of the art program is miniscule alongside the billions in Federal, State, and local and cities, to get systems on line quickly. In forms in one: music, dance, drama and the their haste, they cut corners: San Fran­ visual arts. Making opera of the highest funds being spent on conventional quality accessible to a greater number of transit that most of the traveling public cisco's BART was designed so far ahead of Americans ls a goal that we all share. The refuses to ride. "the state of the art" that cars and systems National Endowment for the Arts ls helping controls malfunctioned; construction began us achieve this goal not only through grants There are potential pitfalls involved on the "people mover" at Morgantown, to professional opera companies serving every in whatever approach we take to urban w. Va., before design was complete, so that state in the nation, but also through support transportation. Maintaining the status costs escalated from $13 mllllon to $64 mil­ of the television programming which brings quo is the least inviting option of all. lion. People began to conclude that new opera into homes of millions of Americans. As Mr. Peirce points out, if we ever hope transit technologies are expensive, unreli­ It was with genuine excitement that I re­ to revitalize our urban areas, "cities able, unworkable. cently performed the role of Tonio in I Pagli- need to experiment." The Federal Gov- The irony, says George Pastor of UMTA, 13784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 was that· it "wasn•t technology that failed, Arthur A. Rodondi, of South San Fran­ Poll magazine is to increase citizen par­ but rather the method of its introduction, cisco, will retire from service. ticipation in Government and to make the unrealistic promises, and the general im­ Art Rodondi has been an employee of that Government more aware of con­ patience which attempted to deploy com­ plex, sophisticated systems from laboratory the city of South San Francisco for a sti~uents' views. research through full operational product period of 26 years beginning with the This national publication, which has development on our city streets in two to police department in 1940. He served 11 its headquarters in San Rafael, Calif., three years ... Yet. notes Pastor. the emer­ year.; as police clerk and in June of 1952 was recently the topic of a Washington gence and success of computers took 10 to was appointed to city clerk, the position Star business and finance feature. I 15 years and cost hundreds of mUlions of from which he will retire. would like to draw the attention of my dollars. To develop a new line of autos. In addition to his outstanding record colleagues to this article: Detroit requires five years and a $100-million outlay. with South San Francisco, Art has been A "REVOLUTION" IN POLL-TAKING? Since 1975, UMTA has refocused its ad­ active in many State organizations in­ (By Thomas Love) vanced transit assistance to support up to cluding service at different times in the Geoffrey W. Dohrmann has an idea which 11 "downtown people movers!• These are positions of secretary-treasurer, first and he thinks wm revolutionize the art of poll central-city circulation systems, one to three second vice president, and president of taking, increase citizen participation in miles long, with 20- to 100-passenger tracked the finance department of the League of politics and make the government more re­ vehicles riding on or suspended from thin California Cities. He has also served as sponsive to its citizens. elevated guideways. They'll be based on what chairman of the City Clerk's Institute The trouble with polls now, he reasons, UMTA calls "proven, existing technologies." during which time he assisted in author­ 1s that too many people--including public Boosters say people movers can be the ing of a city clerk's handbook. officials--don't pay any attention to them wave of the future: reliable, energy-effici­ because they have never been polled, and ent, perfect tie-ins to other transit modes, Arthur Rodondi's professional affilia­ question whether the surveys really repre­ and attracters of downtown activity. Detrac­ tions include the International Institute sent anyone's thinking. tors warn they'll be visual polluters, security of Municipal Clerks, the City Clerks' As­ hazards (because no operator rides in the On the other hand, some unpolled per­ sociation of California, the Northern sons who believe polls have a tremendous vehicles), ghastly expensive and insufficient California City Clerk's Association, and influence on policymakers don't take part in in track length to attract heavy ridership. the South San Francisco Municipal Em­ The fact 1s no one knows how successful politics because they think choices are cut­ they will-or won'i-:...be until they're tried. ployee's Association. and-dried as a result of the surveys. It may be, in fact, that UMTA is being It is difficult to believe that anyone so Dohrmann and his famlly say they are too timid-that it should consider funding active could still find time to have trying to respond to these attitudes with an areawide people mover that goes beyond chaired the American National Red their new polling service. the simple loop or straightline shuttle sys­ Cross fundraising drive, the United Their magazine, National Opinion Poll tems now being planned, to permit many Crusade fundraising drive, serve as an (which goes to subscribers for $3 a month), branch lines and off-track stations so that officer and member of the South San asks its readers a series of questions in each express cars can move rapidly by. issue; the results wm be given to govern­ With a broader vision, UMTA also would Francisco Rod and Gun Club, the South ment officials and other national leaders t.o consider supporting a rapid-transit system San Francisco Boy's Club, and many help mold their opinions, Dohrmann says. that could move freight as well as passen­ other community organizations. Not only will a subscriber be heard, he said, gers. That would reduce the immense sub­ Most important of all, Art and I spent but wlll be given all the information neces­ sidies required by all-passenger systems, 7 years, from 1956 to 1962, in a common sary to make an "informed" judgment. Each which are lightly used except for rush hours. effort governing the city of South San issue of the magazine carries pro and con People movers are likely to encounter Francisco. I saw him regularly as a articles on four subjects on which readers strong citizen opposition if they're designed member of the city council during that are polled. to benefit downtown alone or seem likely to time. I came to have a great respect for Readers are invited to select which issues divert funds that would otherwise go into should be the subject of future polls. neighborhood development. But there's his work and a warm friendship for him as a person. While I see him much less The magazine also carries a report on how room for compromise, William Manning of federal lawmakers vote on various important the National Center for Urban Ethnic Af­ often now, I still remember those years issues. · I fairs told the Indianapolis conference. He we served the public together. wish According to Dohrmann, there wlll be no suggested working to revitalize downtowns him well in his retirement.• attempt to get any balance in the polled and neighborhoods simultaneously, or pro­ sample. "We are not trying to achieve a bal­ viding neighborhoods with high-grade jit­ ance," he said. ''If we did that, we would ney, taxi or minibus service that connects have to exclude people. If we limited (who to downtown people movers. could subscribe,) we would have to exclude Advanced transit systems can easily run A "REVOLUTION" IN POLL TAKING everyone else." afoul of the growing popular mistrust of big, And that would be against the concept technological fixes. In each instance, they'll of the operation, he explained, which 1s to have to prove that they can be practical and HON. JOHN L. BURTON allow anyone who wishes to be heard to be needed. part of the poll. OF CALIFORNIA But even devotees of the late E. F. Schu­ But wlll anyone pay attention to an ad­ macher's "small 1s beautiful,. philosophy, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mittedly non-scientifically selected group of one ATRA conference speaker suggested, people who want to make their influence shouldn't spurn high-technology solutions Monday, May 15, 1978 count? Dohrmann thinks so. "provided human and ecological interests • Mr. JOHN L. BURTON. Mr. Speaker, So far he has only 2,000 subscribers, most are served and protected." To keep their maximizing communication between citi­ of whom live in California near San Rafael. vitality and remain competitive, cities need zens and their representatives in Govern­ "That's where my famlly and I live," he ex­ to experiment. At least for some, pioneering plained. "It was natural that we started so­ transit technologies may be one answer.e ment is always a challenge. Publisher Geoffrey W. Dohrmann has launched a liciting subscribers there." It was easier, and cheaper, he said, to new publication, the National Opinion solicit nearby persons by telephone. Now Poll magazine, which approaches that a telephone campaign 1s being mounted challenge in an innovative way. elsewhere. ARTHUR A. RODONDI The magazine allows subscribers to By the end of the year he expects some read up on current issues and contro­ 10,000 subscribers scattered over the nation. versies, to see how Federal lawmakers Then, he feels, politicians and others will HON. LEO J. RYAN vote on various pieces of legislation in pay attention to his polls. OF CALIFORNIA Congress, and to make .their own opin­ But his limited clientele now 1s a prob­ lem, he concedes. For instance, he said, one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVES ions known by voting in the magazine's poll on key issues. The results of the poll recent poll came out slanted because there Monday, May 15, 1978 were few southerners included. are then reported in the subsequent issue Is there any way to keep some general •Mr.RYAN. Mr. Speaker, on June 5, of the magazine. political organization or specific prel:!sure 1978, a very dedicated public servant, The concept of the National Opinion group from swelllng the rolls with its mem- ' . May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OP REMARKS 13785 bers and giving poll results which have little are sending a message to every CETA Another new subsection ls added making relationship to the nation's views as a whole? prime sponsor and subgrantee that im­ clear that the recipient which receives funds For instance, Dohrmann was asked, directly from the Department remains re­ proper actions will not be tolerated, and responsible and liable for program abuses by couldn't a group for or against such contro­ that corrective actions will be taken versial Issues as arms sales to the Middle its subgrantees and subcontractors despite East, the Equal Rights Amendment or abor­ when needed. the fact that other provisions allow the Sec­ tion swell the rolls of the magazine to con­ A description of the provisions of H.R. retary to move directly against subgrantees vince policymakers that their view was over­ 12452 concerning enforcement, compli­ and subcontractors. whelming in the nation? ance, audits, and investigations of CETA Section 123 Dohrmann doesn't see this as a problem. program abuses follows: The provision which gives the Secretary For one thing, he said, a group would EXPLANATION OF COMMITl'EE BILL PROVISIONS broad regulatory authority to prevent pro­ have to know in advance which issues were {H.R. 12452) CONCERNING ENFORCEMENT, gram abuses, is expanded to include a more going to be polled. For another, he con­ COMPLIANCE, AUDITS, AND INVESTIGATIONS OF extensive list of the type of program abuses tinued, once the subscription list lengthens, CETA PROGRAM ABUSES which that provision is aimed to prevent. the number of people who would have to A new provision ls added emphasizing the Join to skew the result of a poll would be OFFICE OF AUDITS, INSPECTION AND COMPLIANCE llabllity and responsibllity of the prime so large that it would not be worthwhile. The committee bill amends CETA to estab­ sponsors for actions of the recipient. This ls In addition, he said, there ls one built-in lish and Office of Audits, Inspection and to make clear that although the Secretary protection against such shenanigans. The Compliance in the Office of the Secretary of has authority to pursue a recipient for viola­ poll results are broken down by category, so Labor. This amendment was adapted from tions where the prime sponsor does not take one group clearly out of line with others legislation establishing Inspector General of­ appropriate action, the prime sponsor ls pri­ would be obvious, he explained. fices in several agencies, which recently marily responsible and liable. The categories Ip.elude sex, marital status, passed the House and was drafted In cooper­ Section 134 (Records, Audits, and Reports) political choice, income .range, education, re­ ation with the staff of the Government Op­ ls redrafted to broaden the Secretary's au­ gion of residence, registered or non-registered erations Committee. This independent and thority to order that specific records be voter, religion, race and occupation. objective unit would conduct and supervise made, kept and preserved and allows the audits and investigations relating to CETA Secretary access to them at such time and Although the percentage of each category programs, provide leadership, coordination, voting for or against the Issue in question in such form as the Secretary requires. In and recommend policies to promote economy addition, the Secretary is given wide inves­ ls reported, the percentage of the total rep­ and efficiency in program administration and resented by the category ls not reported. tigative authority, including authority to prevent and detect fraud and abuse. A Di­ subpoena witnesses and documents neces­ However, Dohrmann said, if it were desirable, rector and a Deputy Director would be ap­ the method of reporting could be changed. sary to conduct a thorough investigation. pointed by the Secretary. The Director shall These amendments, which are patterned on The first poll, which represented the Views conduct investigations either based on com­ 15 u.s.c. 49 (applying to the F. T. C.), will of 1,200 people, showed the following results: plaints and grievances or self initiated. The allow the Secretary access to conduct an ex­ Panama oanal treaty ratification: 41 per­ Director shall have access to all records, re­ tensive and thorough investigation without cent yes, 56 percent no; Outlaw affrmative ports, audits, reviews, documents, papers, being hindered by denial of access to records action programs: 68 percent yes, 26 percent recommendations or other materials which or the destruction of records. no; Federal aid for crime victims: 45 per­ relate to the CETA program. The Director Section 135 is amended to add a new crim­ cent yes, 52 percent no; Taxpayer financed shall report to the Secretary on a semiannual inal provision to 18 U.S.C. prescribing Viola­ abortions: 40 percent yes, 57 percent no.e basis or immediately in the case of serious tions for anyone who impedes an investiga­ or flagrant violations or deficiencies. These tion by the Secretary under this Act. reports shall describe a.buses found and rec­ ommendations for corrective action. The A new Section 136 ls added requiring tha.t Secretary shall transmit these reports along all employees who handle money be bonded, CETA ANTIABUSE AMENDMENTS with the Secretary's comments to the appro­ with the Secretary allowed by regulation to priate Congressional Committees. These re­ ·specify the amount of the bond and other ports will be transmitted to the Congress conditions.e without change. The Committee amend­ HON. AUGUSTUS F. HAWKINS ment provides for a transfer of functions if OF CALIFORNIA and when an Inspector General Office is es­ tablished In the Department of Labor. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CAMBODIAN BLOODBATH Monday, May 15, 1978 OTHER ANTI-ABUSE AMENDMENTS IN THE COMMITTEE Bll.L • Mr. HAWKINS. Mr. Speaker, the Working in cooperation with the Depart­ CETA system has recently come under ment of Labor, the Committee included other HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN heavy attack for allegations of fraud amendments to Increase the Secretary's au­ OF CALIFORNIA and abuse in federally funded em­ thority to act on abuses beyond those already Monday, May 15, 1978 ployment and training programs. I proposed. in the Administration's bill. These amendments, incorporated in the Commit­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES believe that these charges represent tee's blll are: scattered instances of fraud and mis­ Section 106 • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, the bloody management, but as the Secretary of work of Murder Incorporated in Cam­ Labor recently declared, "every dollar A new subsection ls added to establish the Secretary's right to take legal action directly bodia has been best documented in the that is wasted in the CETA program is a against a subgrantee or subcontractor to book, "Murder of a Gentle Land," by dollar taken out of the pockets of the recover misspent funds or to otherwise pro­ John Barron and Anthony Paul. In stun­ jobless." The Department of Labor has tect the integrity of the program where the ning revelations, the authors have been recently taken steps to assure closer prime sponsor has not taken appropriate ac­ able to piece together the awful truth. monitoring and investigation of allega­ tion, and the Secretary's right to require that They have managed to detail the im­ tions of misuse of CETA funds. misspent funds be repaid from non-CETA mense human cost of communism in sources. Under exJ.sting law it is unclear as Cambodia. The Committee on Education and to whether the Secretary can bypass prime Labor has also addressed this issue in sponsors to investigate subgrantees. Mr. Speaker, many in Congress the reauthorization of the Comprehen­ A provision of the b111 proposed by the strongly opposed cutting otJ military aid sive Employment and Training Act, H.R. Administration which would protect partic­ to Southeast Asia. Many of us predicted 12452. The committee bill, which will ipants and employees from being unlaw­ that if we allowed the Communists to come before the full House within the fully denied benefits, is expanded to cleanly take Power, they would unleash a totali­ next few weeks, has provided statutory prohibit discrimination against a person be­ tarian terror of immense proportions, authority for a special Office of Audits, cause tha.t person files a complaint, testifies, rivaling the Jacobin terror of the French Inspection and Compliance in the Office O!'. otherwise assists in an investigation. Revolution, the Cromwellian terror in of the Secretary of Labor. The committee A new subsection ls added making clear Ireland, the worst · excesses of Hitler, the Secretary's authority to withhold funds bill also provides sanctions and remedies from a potential recipient in order to recover Stalin, and Mao Tse Tung. We pre­ against prime sponsors and subcontrac­ funds misspent in any previous year ( current dicted a great bloodbath. tors who misuse program funds. By la.w llnilts recovery only to funds misspent Mr. Speaker, I know that I speak for focusing attention on these provisions we in the current or previ~us year). many of my colleagues when I say that I 13786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 wish we had been wrong. I wish that our milltary aid to Cambodia and 34-6 against poor; the well-to-do; the peasants; students; any extra m1litary aid in Fiscal 1976. a.nd university professors. assessment of the Communist tyrants in In an interview in Human Events last year In­ In spite of this action, the Senate Foreign Asia had been woefully erroneous. Relations Committee on March 17 approved (May 21), when asked how many Cambo­ stead our worst expectations and fears a bill (S. 663) authorizing an additional dians the Communists have kllled, Barron have been realized in Holocaust II. I $166.4 Inillion for Cambodia in fiscal 1976 replied: highly commend Mr. Barron's book. Also, for Inilitary aid, food and humanitarian a.id. "No one can know precisely. I very much the best summary of the events in Cam­ But the cominittee added a provision which doubt that the Communists themselves bodia that I have seen published in a prohibited aid to Cambodia after June 30, know. Certainly hundreds of thousands have shortened form is an essay by Mr. John a restriction that the White House refused perished. Based on all data available to us, Lofton, Jr., in the May 1978 edition of to accept. The legislation never came to a and consultations with a number of govern­ the journal Battle Line. I ask my dis­ Senate vote. ments, Tony Paul and I concluded at the tinguished colleagues to please, please, So, since the doves prevailed and the Com­ end of our research last year that between munists took over Cambodia, it is appropri­ April 17, 1976, and Dec. 31, 1976, at least 1.2 please read Mr. Lofton's heartrending ate to ask: Are things better for the Cam­ million died as a direct consequence of Com­ account of this national tragedy. bodian people? Did the agony, which the munist actions. Persona.lly, I thought this CAMBODIA IN RETROSPEcr: LmERALS, DoVES liberals said was prolonged by American aid, total was too low and so did some relief work­ EGREGIOUSLY WRONG; U.S. Am CUTOFF LED cease when our aid ceased? Hardly. ers in constant touch with refugees escaping To NAZI-STYLE GENOCIDE Swedish newsman Herman Lindquist, one to Thailand. But we were trying to under­ (By John D. Lofton, Jr.) of the last evacuees from Phnom Penh, re­ state the case. After interviewing many more "A single death is a tragedy, a million ported that the Jubilant welcome given the refugees who had escaped this year, Tony last victorious Communists by the two million month wrote me that he also now is con­ deaths is a statistic."-Joseph Stalin vinced that our original computations were WASHINGTON.-lt has been a little over residents of that city "turned to terror and forced evacuation." He wrote in April of too low." three years now since Cambodia was lost to When asked how ma.ny oambodia.ns the the Communists. 1976: "Guerrilla soldiers went into apartment Communists force-marched into the country­ In February of 1975, when he was fight­ side, Barron said: ing hard for $222 mlllion jn m111tary a.id to houses, threatening occupants with their allow the Cambodian people to defend them­ guns. But nobody explained where people "One mus·t bear in mind the data on the selves against the Communist onslaught, were to go. When residents hesitated, there population of Cambodia are imprecise and President Ford sent a message to Congress were shots and deaths. I saw a young woman no one is really in· a position to say in a which read, in part: fanning her wounded husband. He had been scholarly way that can be documented just shot in the throat and then forcibly ejected what the population of the country was; so "The Cambodian people are totally depend­ from a hospital." we're working with the most authoritative ent on us for their only means of resistance estimates and a consensus of them. to aggression. The Communist forces now Sydney Schanberg of The New York Times, attacking have a constant, massive outside also one of the last Journalists to leave "That consensus is, and the Communists source of supply from the North as has Phnom Penh, reported an "astronishing themselves have used the same figures, al­ been demonstrated by their ability to sus­ spectable," which some Western observers say though I suspect they've Just picked them up tain the current heavy offensive. approached genocide, where perhaps as many from Western sources, that there were ap­ as three or four million people, most on proximately seven Inillion residents of Cam­ "If additional military assistance is with­ foot, were forced out of the cities of Cam­ bodia at the end of the war. Of these seven held or delayed, the Government forces will bodia and sent on "a mammoth and grueling milllon, approximately three million are be forced, within weeks, to surrender to the exodus" into areas deep in the countryside thought to have been in Phnom Penh. insurgents.... where, the Communists say, they will have to "Now the normal population of Phnom "It has been a basic policy of this Gov­ become peasants and tlll the soil. Noting Penh was much less, but as the people fled ernment to give material support to friends that no one was excluded---even the very the countryside to escape the fighting, to and allies who are willing and able to carry old, the very young, the sick and the escape Communist rule, and to seek food that the burden of their own self-defense. Cam­ wounded were forced onto the roads-some was available through American aid in the bodia is such an ally. clearly not strong enough to survive, Schan­ cities, the population increased enormously, "This is a moral question that must be berg reported: particularly in the last week. So we think faced squarely. Are we to deliberately "Hospitals jammed with wounded were there were about three million people in abandon a small country in the midst of its emptied, right down to the last patient. They Phnom Penh; we believe there were approxi­ life and death struggle? Is the United States, went-limping, crawling, on crutches, car­ mately a half-a-mlllion in the other cities, which so fa.r has consistently stood by its ried on relatives' backs, wheeled on their which were evacuated, and then we think friends through the most difficult of times, hospitals beds.... A once-throbbing city there were probably another ha.lf-mllllon now to condemn, in effect, a small Asian na­ became an echo chamber of silent streets people in larger villages in territories con­ tion totally dependent upon us?" lined with abandoned cars and gaping, trolled by the government at the end of the The answer from the liberals and the empty shops. Streetlights burned eerily for a war, and these vlllages also were emptied of doves to President Ford's questions was a population that was no longer there." people in time. resounding: yes! To his credit, Schanberg admitted that "So there were, according to the best cal­ Sen. George McGovern said the Cambodian those people were Inist.aken who felt that culations we can make, approximately 3.5 people .would be "better off" to work out when the Communists took over and the million people banished from the cities, plus political arrangements "in their own way." war ended, at least the suffering would be another half-Inilllon from the villages. So New York Times columnist Tom Wicker over. "All of us were wrong," he wrote. "That you have four milllon people we are speaking wrote that there was "not much moral view of the future of Cambodia-as a pos­ of.'' choice" between the Cambodian government sible flexible place even under Communism, Incredible as it may seem, there are some and the Khmer Rouge Communists. Senate where changes would not be extreme and who have actually pooh-poohed the charges MaJori ty Leader Mike Mansfield declared tha.t ordinary folk would be left alone-turned of Communist genocide in Cambodia. TWo the stopping of American aid was in the out to be a myth.'' such individuals are George Hildebrand and "best interests" of the Cambodians. The And so it was. Gareth Porter, co-authors of a book titled New York Times editoralized that additional The most detailed and thoroughly docu­ "Cambodia and Starvation," published by aid would "only extend Cambodia's misery," mented account of the horrors of the Com­ Monthly Review Press, which is, not surpris­ therefore the "honorable course" for Amer­ munist takeover of Cambodia are contained ingly, a Marxist publishing house. During the ica would be to halt any such assistance and in the book, Murder of a Gentle Land (Read­ 1960s and '70s, both Hildebrand and Porter allow the Cambodians to "devise their own er's Digest Press, 200 Park Ave., New York, worked for the Indochina Resource Center political future." N.Y. 10017, $9.96), authored by John Barron which fought long and hard to make Indo­ On March 12, the House Democratic Cau­ and Anthony Paul with the help of Ursula china safe for Communism. cus dealt Mr. Ford's Cambodian aid re­ Naccache and Cathryn Clark. The Barron­ Paul book is based on interviews over a 13- In a letter-to-the-editor in the Washington quest what the Congressional Quarterly Post on April 24, 1976, Hildebrand scoffed at called a "death blow" by voting 189-49 month period with more than 300 Cambodian against any additional Inilitary assista.nce refugees living in camps along the Thailand­ atrocity stories coming out of Cambodia lab­ for either Cambodia or South Vietnam. Cambodia border. eling them as "suspect," as stories "placed in On March 13, the House Foreign Affairs The refugees, who were eyewitnesses to the circulation with the aim of discouraging Committee voted 18-13 to adjourn without Communist atrocities committed in Cambo­ trained Cambodians from assisting in recon­ taking final action on the President's re­ dia, were from different parts of that country struction of their devastated country." quest. And in the Senate, on March 15, the and represented all segments of Cambodian In a review of the Hildebrand-Porter book, Democratic Caucus voted 38-5 age.inst more society: the educated; the untutored; the in the New York Review of Books on April 6 May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13787 of this year, British Journalist, Wllliam Shaw­ have swept up the innocent along with the are bricks without value• which 'monopolize cross writes: guilty.... the places destined for the people's work.' "They emphasize the difficulties that the "Cambodia's new rulers have systematically The Buddhist religion, it would seem, is con­ victors faced in April 1975-the enormous kllled former civil servants and soldiers in demned. social problems created by the floods of war the Lon Nol army. In a typical incident in "The same appears to be the fate of the refugees, by spreading disease, and in partic­ the provincial capital of Battambong la.st Moslem religion, practiced by approximately ular by the vast misery of the swollen popula­ year, hundreds of former officers were assem­ 150,000 Chams and Moslem Khmers. There tion of Phnom Penh. The authors do not like bled in a school building on the pretext that are reports of the destruction of religious the term apologia, but their book is an ex­ they were to greet Prince Sihanouk. There, books, Moslems being forced to raise pigs, tremely sympathetic, indeed approving, ac­ they were bound hand and foot, loaded onto and to abandon their customary mode of count of the precise ways in which the Khmer trucks, and machine-gunned on the out­ dress. These persecutions caused a local up­ Rouge dealt with those problems. Their ap­ skirts of the city. In recent months the pro­ rising in the region of Krauchmar last Oc­ parent faith in Khmer Rouge assertions and gram has been extended to include anyone tober that was brutally and bloodily put statistics is surprising in two men who have with an education, such as schoolteachers down." spent so long analyzing the lies that govern­ and students. Whole families-and some­ In June of 1976, Christian Muller, writing ments tell. They dismiss the widely held idea times entire villages-have been massacred. in the Swiss Review of World Affairs, re­ that the victors emptied Phnom Penh either "To escape the bloodbath, at least 20,000 ported: to control its population more easily or to Cambodians have fled across the border into "In contrast to Vietnam, where there has eradicate the hated capital of their enemy. Thailand. They tell tales of people being been no bloodbath to physically eliminate Rather they conclude that the evacuation clubbed to death 'to save ammunition.' an entire segment of the population, there was prompted by a concern for the most basic Others have been bound together and buried is a depressing chain of indications that and urgent needs of the population. Whereas alive by bulldozers, or suffocated by having Cambodia has systematically attempted to there was no way of feeding the people in the plastic bags tied over their heads. Says one liquidate almost the entire officer corps of cities, they argue, there was food in the former mllitary policeman who escaped ·to the former Republican Army and a large countryside. Thailand: 'If some worker ma.de a mistake or part of the administrative body of the Lon "That there was a food crisis in Phnom criticized a project, he was taken away and Nol regime, officials and their wives. Penh seems certain. Long Boret, the last pre­ we never saw him again. They were some­ "The technique employed has been execu­ mier in the Lon Nol government, stated that times flogged to death, other times shot at tions ordered by courts martial. To all ap­ there was only an eight-day rice supply left night. The bodies were left unburied.' Per­ pearances the attempted liquidation has when the Americans evacuated on April 12 haps the most terrifying aspect of the Khmer been largely successful.'' and USAID figures on the rice supply bear Rouge regime is that, as one refugee describes this out. Starvation was spreading. The au­ it, 'we never knew their intentions. They In the August 15, 1976, London Sunday thors are unable to show, however, that the didn't know how to read or write. All they Telegraph, Michael Field wrote: immediate, forced expulsion of some 2.5 mil­ had learned was revolutionary phllosophy. "Doctrinaire Mar~ts are aghast, unable lion people from Phnom Penh was necessary Between Cambodians we once thought we to comprehend that this extraordinary revo­ or in any sense benign or that adequate food could talk and understand each other well. lution is not only sacrificing the 'expendable' was generally supplied to those who survived It was Just a dream. . . .' bourgeoisie, but even recalcitrant members of the march and arrived in the fields."• "A Cambodian specialist was more blunt: the poorer peasantry. A sadistic Joy of killlng Despite the pathetic musings of apologists 'There have always been retributions, but I appears to have possessed the rough il­ for the Cambodian Communists like Hilde­ can only call this genocide.' Adds a refugee: literates who emerged from forest and moun­ brand and Porter, there ls mounting evidence 'In Cambodia today, death is preferable to tain to destroy what little urban civmzation that ls both compelllng a.nd persuasive that life.' their country contained. Cambodia is being run, . as one Bangkok­ In an article in the May, 1976, issue of "Who are the men encouraging or per­ based diplomat has put it, "by the same Atlas magazine, reprinted from the liberal mitting this savage and grotesque crime methods as Nazi or Soviet concentration Paris daily Le Monde, the paper's Southeast against their own people and whose revolu­ camps." Asia correspondent, Francois Ponchaud, tionary creed ls poured out daily in speech The following are just a few of the reports writes: and song over Radio Phnom Penh, confirm­ ing, in its fanaticism, the worst excesses re­ that have come out of Cambodia during the "According to several refugees large num­ ported by the victims?" past two years: bers of intellectuals have been executed since In April of 1976, Time magazine reported: last July. Recent evidence received via Viet­ A February 17, 1977, United Press Inter­ national story, datelined Bangkok, reads: "There is now little doubt that the Cam­ nam and Thailand confirms the existence bodian government is one of the most brutal, of 'vlllages of intellectuals' where teachers "Cambodia has admitted it massacred 30 backward and xenophobic regimes in the and schoolmasters with degrees are assigned villagers. mostly women and children, in world. Cambodians themselves refer to the to harsh manual labor, for the Khmer Rouge Thai-Cambodia border villages last month, Khmer Rouge simply as 'the Organization.' do not like intellectuals.' In January, 12 but dismissed the incident as an internal Refugees who have managed to flee to Thai­ schoolteachers and college students arrived affair. land-often after days and weeks of walking in Thailand. They had been part of a group "The stunning admission yesterday con­ through thick forests and jungles along the of 20 condemned to death who were being firmed reports by fleeing refugees and Thal border--describe the revolution as a chllling led to their place of execution. They suc­ observers that a large-scale slaughter has form of mindless terror. In sharp contrast to ceeded in undoing their bonds and escaped; been under way in Cambodia since the Com­ Laos and Vietnam, where party cadres have the other eight were killed. Around the same munist takeover in April 1975. subtly tried to win popular support for social time 36 refugees from Battambong reported "The admission came in a nine-page diplo­ change, there are no revolutionary songs, the disappearance of several mechanics and matic note dated Feb. 7. It replied to a Thai slogans, poetry, party newspapers or 're­ drivers of the old regime who had trained protest over the slayings 10 days before in education' centers to explain the purpose and the young Khmer Rouge recruits. Once the three tiny villages near the Cambodian fron­ ideology of the revolution. Instead, refugees pupils are trained the teachers are no longer tier 185 miles east of Bangkok. . . . · needed.... told Time correspondents Willlam McWhirter "In the Jan. 28 massacre, more than a half and David Aikman there has been a grim, "Many young Buddhist priests have left dozen children had their throats slit and silent round of purges, mass evacuations, the priesthood. Of 200 in the Domrey-Sar women were shot at close quarters by Khmer forced labor and wlllful assassinations that pagoda in September, only a few dozen re­ mained in December; in January the Khmer Rouge soldiers. Rouge forced this remnant to leave the "Cambodia rejected the Thai protest, • Nearly a year later, Porter seemed to priesthood. claiming the villages were within Cambodian have modified his views somewhat telling a "Moral pressure is exerted upon the priests territory. It demanded an apology from Congressional committee in May of 1977 that by slogans. 'Those wearing the saffron-col­ Bangkok for the deaths of several Khmer the charge of mass killing in Cambodia "ls ored robe are lazy people.' They are 'parasites Rouge troops during the one-sided fight. based on a kernel of truth: there were un­ who eat the rice of the people.' They are part "The government of Democratic Kampu­ doubtedly large numbers of killings in the of the 'special class' like prostitutes. 'No chea (Cambodia's official name) was arrang­ newly liberated (sic, or perhaps sick would profit in keeping them alive, no less in mak­ ing its internal affairs in these three vil­ be more appropriate) areas immediately after ing them disappear.' The pagodas, which the war by soldiers of the victorious army, lages, the note said.'' were the cultural and social center of the In his syndicated column in the Washing­ motivated by vengeance, and diseases, such as villages, are being used to store rice, and cholera and malaria have taken a heavy toll.'' the grounds of the temples have become pig ton Post on July 21, 1977, Jack Anderson Shawcross says that Porter now agrees that farms. Many refugees are scandalized by the wrote: the new regime in Cambodia ls very harsh, fact that soldiers desecrate statues of Bud­ "The uproar over human rights has ig­ but he dismisses claims that a general policy dha by hanging their clothes on them. Many nored the world's most brutal dictatorship. of execution and terror was put into effect. of these statues have been smashed; 'they Adolph mtler at his w:orst was not as op- CXXlV-868-Part 10 13788 EXTENSIONS OP REMARKS May 15, 1978 preulve as the Communist rulers of tiny "When merchants protested they couldn't "The bad image, it comes from bad informa­ Oambodla. make a profit, the Khmer Rouge commander tion."-Ieng Sary, deputy prime minister of "In a nation of 7 mllllon people, an esti­ told them it didn't matter. Cambodia was Communist Cambodia, at a U.N. cocktail mated 1 milllon have already died from mis­ now socialist. There didn't need to be profits. party, quoted in the Washington Post, Oct. treatment and executions. But the entire "On the 20th, word had spread. People 22, 1977. populace has been enslaved ln a fashion that came from all over the province to buy. COMMUNISTS ARE "PATRIOTS" violates every International standard of Fights broke out over the fast-disappearing human conduct. Only the Communists have supplies. The Khmer Rouge solved one dis­ "The only dlfference between yesterday's pute by shoo.ting the man they judged to be Sihanouk a.nd today's Sihanouk 1s that to­ any rights ln Cambodia." day's Sihanouk no longer mistakes traitors Writing · in the Philadelphia Inquirer on the culprit and leaving the body in the mar­ ket place. for patriots and patriots for traitors. I am September 11, 1977, Manchester Guardian re­ now 100 percent with the Khmer Rouge, and por.ter, Martin Woollacott, confesses: "On the 23rd the Khmer Rouge closed the I will fight side by side with them until they "As the Khlner Rouge· drew closer to market. defeat the Americans and rule over a Com­ Phnom Penh in the spring of 1975, the U.S. "On the 24th all town officials were put in munist Cambodia. I have no other way of Embassy began to leak stories of their hor­ trucks and taken away. rescuing my country and not losing face."­ rifying atrocities: There were stories of Bud­ "On the 25th all Indian nationals were Prlnce Sihanouk, quoted in an interview in dhist priests beaten to death wLth hammers, carted off. the New York Times Magazine, August 12, stories of children laid out in rows with their "On the 26th all 'newcomers' to Pamn were 1973. throats cut. taken away. PUNDIT KRAFT ASKED: DOES RED RULE IN "Journalists, including myself, did not be­ "On April 27 the Khmer Rouge ordered CAMBODIA REALLY MATTER lieve them, or, at least we did no.t bell~ve everyone to leave their homes but not to (The following ls excerpted from Joseph. that such incidents were typical. We thought take anything with them because they'd Kraft's syndicated column which appeared in that the embassy, desperate to influence only be away two or three days. the Baltimore Sun on August 8, 1973. It was American publlc and congressional opinion "The people were driven into the rice­ headlined "Better To Have Reds in Cambodia and to secure funds for the continua.tion of fields and forests. 'We slept on the bare earth Than Liars in Washington":) the war, was trying to use us to that end. with nothing to cover us in the early morn­ "The melting of government authority in "The stories came from the hard-liners in ing damp a.nd cold,' said one refugee. Cambodia presents in stark terms a question the embassy, and most journalists preferred "Panic set in. Many slipped away in the that should have been pressed years ago: to listen to the embassy 'liberals,' who night and fled toward the Thai border. The Does it really matter whether Cambodia wanted the war to stop and who, seeing an • Khmer Rouge fired their automatic weapons goes Communist? eventual Khiner Rouge victory as inevitable, but could not stop the exodus. "Not very much is the short answer. Cer­ urged that immediate surrender was the best tainly not enough to justify the administra­ way to save lives. "Ten days after the people welcomed the Khmer Rouge, the town was deserted. The tion's murderous bombing policy with its in­ "Cambodia's Prince Sihanouk had said population was in forced labor camps, in evitable erosion of public faith in the integ­ there would be no bloodba.th, and the people Thai refugee camps or dead.. rity of the American government. of Phnom Penh, with only a few exceptions, "By itself Cambodia is unimportant. The "On March 29, 1978, the Baltimore Sun believed that reconclllation rather than country is almost entirely undeveloped, and vengeance would be the purpose of a victori­ carried an Assolcated Press story, datelined its six million people, the most peaceable in ous Khmer Rouge. Belgrade, Yugoslavia, which read, in part: Southeast Asia, threaten nobody. By all "As we know now, there was a bloodbath. "Cambodia is training boys and girls as accounts the present regime of President Lon The embassy liberals, many Cambodians on young as 12 to replace the industrial working Nol is unloved and incompetent. the government side, and the journalists class tha.t was swept away after the Com­ "Even if a Communist regime did take were wrong. munist takeover three years ago, a Belgrade over, which is by no means certain, it would newspaper reported yesterday. "Now the journalists are gone, having be divided in character. A part of the cur­ failed to see what the new Cambodia would "The daily Politika said some of the child­ rent lnsurgeny ls loyal to the North Viet­ be. And the new Cambodia, as far as we know, ren were so small they had. to stand on namese ·communists in Hanoi. Another part stools to reach the controls of the machines ls indigenous to Cambodia, and seems to have exceeds in its systematic brutality the worst they operated. visions of the hard-Uners at the embassy." ties with the former ruler-Prince Sihanouk, "It also said many Cambodian factories whi ls backed by China. The Russians also A UPI story in the Chicago Tribune, da.ted remained closed, apparently because the have some assets in the country.... " September 12, 1977, and datelined Honolulu, Communist rulers did not trust the man­ • reports former Cambodian President Lon Nol agers who ran them under the old regime. as saying that more than 2.5 mlllion persons "Worst of all, Mr. Nixon and his men have have died violently ln his country since the "Politlka's report came from Dragoslav based their policy on deception, not to say Communists took over. Nol asks: Rancic, a correspondent who visited Cam­ lying, at home. They misled the Congress and bodia with other Yugoslav journalists on a the country about the bombing of 1969 and "But why are they killing, or causing the tour that ended last week. They were the dea.ths, of their own people-not hundreds, 1970. They flatly lied in claiming that before first foreign reporters allowed into the the incursion of 1970 this country had faith­ not thousands, not hundreds of thousands, Southeast Asian nation since the Khmer fully respected Cambodian neutrality. but several millions? What are their goals? Rouge defeated the U.S.-backed government "This consistent deception now works in What goal can be worth the misery, the suf­ of Lon Nol in April, 1975, capping a long dramatic ways to erode public confidence fering, the killings, the Communists are in­ guerrilla war." flicting on their own people today?" in the integrity of the American govern­ BLOODBATH A REALITY ment. Because of constant lying in the past, UPI reporter Paul Wedel recently toured the Nixon administration nQw has no public Cambodian refugee camps In Thailand. He "The human costs of transforming Cam­ support, no legitimacy, for the use of force reported the following, which appeared in bodia from a former colonial society into a in Vietnam. It has only diminishing support the Baltimore News-American on March 19, model for radical collectivism, has been for the use of force anywhere. 1978: enormous. "So the question is what the country wants "Refugees at the Pong Man Rawn camp "Executions are commonplace. But death most. Does it value a friendly government in recalled how they had welcomed the Khmer from malnutrition and disease is far more Phnom Penh more than an honest govern­ Rouge. frequent. Some conservative estimates of the ment in Washington? My own sense ls that " 'We were so happy to see the war over and number of people who have died in the past the most important single present need ls the corrupt Lon Nol government gone,' one year range up into the hundreds of thou­ for an honest government in Washington. said. 'The happiness didn't last a week.' sands. "If that means letting go in Cambodia "The first group of 50 Communist soldiers "In Cambodia, at least, predictions of a and the rest of Southeast Asia, the price is walked into Pa111n, about 130 miles north­ bloodbath after the Communist takeover small. And it ls to the good if, in the bargain, west of Phnom Penh, on April 18, one day can be reliably reported to have come true. we acknowledge that the President is neither after the fall of the Lon Nol government. "In the words of one refugee, in Cambodia infallible nor omnipotent." "On the 19th, the Khmer Rouge called today, it is better to be dead than alive."­ A YOUNG MAN WITH No LEGS SCREAMED loca.l officials together. The first order was to Peter Collins, reporting on the CBS Evening "Pr.EASE KILL ·MEI" collect all wea.pons and register all soldiers News, April 18, 1976. (The following is an excerpt from "Murder of the Lon Nol army. Then the Communist of a Gentle Land,'' by John Barron and An­ victors slashed prices which had been in­ "BAD INFORMATION" CAUSES CAMBODIA'S "BAD thony Paul. It describes what happened the flated, they said, by war and greedy capital­ IMAGE" day the Cambodian capital fell to the Com­ ists. Pork prices were cut from about $3 to "And how ls your country after the libera­ munists:) 2 cents per 2.2 pounds. A 226-pound sack of tion?", inquired a delegate from Burundi. Soon the kllling began. An 18-year-old rice was cut from $30 to 30 cents. "Better, much better,'' bubbled Ieng Sary. high school student, Sar Sam, saw it start. May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13789 "At 8:45 that morning, a Khmer Rouge human misery I have seen. The Khmer Rouge our economic system operates to the killed Mr. Kim, our neighbor. Mr. Kim was must know that {ew of the city's 20,000 benefit of each citizen. The greatest dan­ about 42. He Joined the army in 1971 as a wounded wm survive. One can only conclude ger to the free enterprise system is igno­ private second class, and he had only one that they have no humanitarian instincts." rance. A co~ in free enterprise eco­ leg." CANNIBALISM, CRUELTY, AND CABNAGB nomics at high school and college levels About that same time, 10 to 20 civll serv­ ants and soldiers walked out of a govern­ "I will now tell you a story that I lived should do much to educate our people ment building. Waiting Communist troops, myself. A teacher a.te the flesh of her own and help save the system. I urge other without warning or explanation, cut them sister. She was le.ter caught, she was beaten States to adopt similar programs. down with ma.chine-gun fl.re. Later, in front from morning to night until she died, in the In keeping with these academic ex­ of the Ministry of Information, Communist rain, in front of the whole village as an example, and her child was crying beside her, pressions of interest in the free enter­ soldiers surrounded a man who, by some my word or gesture, had given offense, and kicked and the mother died In the evening. She was prise system, I can now report 233 of and stabbed him. The crowd watched as he beaten to death with sticks by the Khmer colleagues in the House have cospon­ slowly died. Rouge soldiers. sored my resolution to designate July 1, "In the hospital that was near the village 1978 as National Free Enterprise Day. As • • • there were several rooms, a grea.t many sick this number surpasses the necessary re­ At about 9 a.m., in his private clinic across people. When you are sick, you didn't work quirement of the House Post Office and the street from the mmtary hospital, Dr. and so your ration would be cut in half. So Vann Hay was attending a colonel wounded the state of fa.mine was made even acute at Civil Service Committee for special day in the last hours of the bombardment. "I the hospitals. In each room of the hospital, declarations, I trust House approval of was stlll in the operating room when I was there would be deaths every day. In fact, in my resolution will be rapid. An identical told that Khmer Rouge soldiers were at the one of the rooms the pa.tients hid the body resolution has already won Senate ap­ door of the clinic, asking that everybody of a young man, a dead young man. Some proval. The article by Ronald Alsop ap­ leave immediately. I went to talk to them. people ate the body of this young man, ate pears below: There were maybe 20, all very young, and his flesh. However, three or four days later, [From the wan Street Journal, May 10, 1978] they repeated their order. the Khmer Rouge found out. All the people "These people here are sick," I told them. in the·room about 40, even those who didn't CAPrrALISM 101; PROGRAMS To TEACH Fan "They cannot get up and leave." eait the meat, were all taken to a special ENTERPRISE SPROUT ON COLLEGE CAKPt18 "No exceptions," said the Khmer Rouge. camp, with other people accused of thievery, FmMS FUND PROFESSORSHIPS AND BUSINESSMEN "The town has to be cleared. Everybody get and given one tin of dry rice for 40 people LECTURE IN NEW ACADEMIC CLIMATE out." each day. Three months later, only three A Question of Objectivity Shooting in the air, broadcasting through survived. (By Ronald Alsop) loudspeakers, banging on doors, sometimes "A lot of !amilles were completely up­ KENT, OHio.-Jack Higgins, a retired a.d­ shouting harshly, sometimes speaking with rooted. During this period of time, I lost 12, agency president, never dreamed back In 1970 saccharin courtesy, troops in the name of who died in front of my very eyes. My father that he would someday teach at Kent State .Angka Loeu ("Organization on High") now of 60 yea.rs, so worn out that he couldn't University. He ha.cl read about the violent repeated the same stunning order all over work any longer-his ration was cut In half. antiwar protests here that year, a.nd, as an Phnom Penh, a city of three mllllon. Every Starving and completely worn out, he died executive at Grlswold-F.shleman Co. in Cleve­ man, woman and child, regardless of occupa­ in his sleei, one day. My mother, who had diarrhea, was hospitalized. My sister, who land, he knew he symboliz.ed to many stu­ tion, age or physical condition, must get out dents the establishment and what was ail­ of the city. wanted to look after my mother, pretended to be sick herself so that she could go a.nd ing America. To those who asked why, Communist sol­ "It really wouldn't have been too healthy diers offered differing explanations: "The help her mother. But it was my sister who died first, by contagious disease, after three for a businessman here in 1970," says Keith Americans are going to bomb." "It's an order Furman, a Kent State sophomore, whose sis­ from Angka." But the reply which events days of fever."-Eyewitness account by Cam­ bodian refugee Pin Yathay, at a press con­ ter and brother-in-law were students the year proved most valid was given to a group of of the clash that left four students dead. foreign Catholic priests by an Angka com­ ference held under the auspices of the Amer­ Today Mr. Higgins ls fllllng classrooms at missar: "From now on, if people want to eat, ican Security Council in Washington, D.C., they should go out and work in the rice Jan. 20, 1978. Mr. Yathay was one of his Kent State for his Introduction to Business paddles. Cities are evil. There are money and country's top civil engineers and a leading course. As the Goodyear Professor of Free trade in cities, and both have corrupting member of the government. He escaped to Enterprise, he's trying to give the corporate Influence. That ls why we shall do away with Thailand from Oambodla in June of 1977, the community equal time on college campuses. cities." sole survivor of a group of 18 who attempted "We need to break down the walls of Jericho to flee. and correct the many negative misconcep­ With a terible efficiency, the Communists tions about business," says Mr. Higgins, who concentrated initially upon expelling the sick labels himself a "business missionary." and wounded from hospitals Jammed with fresh casualties. Troops stormed into the FREE ENTERPRISE COLLEGE Missionary work in the name of private en­ Preah Ket Melea Hospital, Phnom Penh's COURSES A GOOD IDEA terprise has ta.ken hold on many campuses. largest and oldest, and shouted to patients, In settings where Angela. Davis and Jerry physicians and nurses alike, "Out! Every­ Rubin once stirred antiestabllshment ire, body get out!" They made no distinction be­ businessmen now tread without fea.r of picket tween bedridden and ambulatory patients, HON. W. HENSON MOORE signs or a pie in the face. between the convalescing and the dying. OJ' LOUISIANA RANGE OJ' PROGRAMS Hundreds of men, women and children in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES To reverse what they see as "economic llllt­ t>aJamas Umped, hobbled, struggled out Into . era.cy" and an antibusiness bias, corporations the streets, where the midday sun had raised Monday, May 15, 1978 are investing in a variety of academic proj­ the temperature to well over 100 degrees. ects, including professorships of free enter­ Relatives or friends pushed the beds of pa­ •Mr.MOORE. Mr. Speaker, an article by Ronald Alsop in the Wall Street Jour­ prise, executive-in-residence programs, fac­ tients too enfeebled to walk, some holding ulty-business forums, contests for student.a, aloft infusion bottles dripping plasma Into nal of May 10, 1978, reparts a new wave special Internships and company-designed the bodies of loved ones. One man carried of academic interest in the free enter­ his son, whose legs had Just been amputated. courses. prise system on college campuses across "Frankly, we were surprised to find so The ba.nda.ges on both stumps were red with the land. Diverse economic theories and blood, and the son, who appeared to be about much college-business interaction," says a 22, was screaming, "You can't take me llke history have long dominated many col­ spokesman for the Council for Financial Ald this I Kill me! Please kill me I" lege economics classrooms. I welcome the to Education Inc. That nonprofit organiza­ Such processions were seen by countless refreshing interest now expressed in giv- tion recently ma.de an informal study that thousands. One trained observer who 'ing equal time to the greatest economic turned up about 100 programs linking cam­ watched them from the French embassy system the world has ever known. I am pus and corporation. compound was Jon Swain, a young British actively working for such a course at the And these aren't nickel-and-dime ven­ Jouma.Ust. Recording the scenes in his dla.ry, three universities in my District. tures. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co., for in­ stance, donated •250,000 each to Kent State he wrote that the Communists were "tipping AB out patients like garbage into the streets. one of two States to now require and the University of Akron for their chairs Ba.nda.ged men and women hobble by the high school students to take a free enter­ of free enterprise, and Standard 011 Co. embassy. Wives pushed wounded soldier hus­ prise economics course, Louisiana will (Ohio) expects to spend about -200,000 this bands on hospital beds on wheels. In five become a leader in providing her young year for economic education. Although the years o~war, this ls the greatest caravan of people with a working knowledge of how big push ls at the college level, corporations 13790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 also are investing substantial sums to teach vate-enterprise economics course for high­ tention of my fellow colleagues that private enterprise to employes and to ele­ school teachers studying at Gannon College today marks the 76th anniversary of the mentary and secondary-school students. in Erie and at Springfield (Mass.) College. birth of the late Richard J. Daley, a The main reason for all the free enter­ It includes a tour of local Hammermill prise fuss on campus is the business world's plants, lectures by company executives and man who devoted his every effort for the realization that the "kids" at all-American a theory section taught by a resident profes­ betterment of his beloved city of Chi­ U. today are the customers, employes and sor. By aiming the course at teachers, "we cago. influential teachers and Senators of tomor­ feel we'll have a ripple effect on their stu­ It is difficult to put into words a trib­ row. So there's more at stake than Just a dents," says Richard Brown, vice president, ute to Richard Daley's leadership and better informed, more congenial public. technology, at Hammermill. talent.s when so much of what he ac­ GREENSPAN''S VIEW CREDENTIALS QUESTIONED complished surrounds Chicago and re­ "What we see in Washington today is what Despite their better reception on campus, mains a more fitting tribute. We have in was the vogue at the universities during the businessmen sometimes find schools ques­ our great city a loop as prosperous as Vietnam-war period," says economist Alan tion their teaching credentials. "Most of the ever, with blueprint.s extending into the Greenspan. "And what is being taught in the time executives are too anecdotal in their 21st century; one of the best public universities today will be the generally ac­ teaching," says Seymour Schwartz, assist­ cepted concept 10 years from now." He con­ ant dean of the business college at the Uni­ transportation systems in the country; tends that national economic policy is deter­ versity of Texas. "A professor tells you how the best illuminated and cleanest street.s mined by this consensus bubbling up from to take a theory and apply it to various situ­ of any major metropolitan area; pro­ the universities, not by which political party ations." gressive programs for the elderly; youth happens to be in power. Many businessmen There's also the sticky issue of academic foundation educatfonal scholarships; accept Mr. Greenspan's premise, and through freedom and objectivity. Without exception, and much more. All of this is due, in no college programs they're trying to create a businessmen say they're just trying to give small part, to the effort.s and dreams of more favorable national climate for business. free enterprise a fair shake in the classroom. "Since universities teach youngsters about But skeptics figure that executives-turned­ Richard Daley. the communist, socialist and fascist systems, educators owe their success to capitalism, so Here wa.s a man who loved his city so I felt a real need for someone to teach about that a probusiness bias inevitably permeates intensely that he devoted 21 years of his American free enterprise," says W1lliam H. their courses. llfe to bring about the changes he Davis, who donated his Marion, Ohio, shop­ Hoping to avoid credib111ty hassles, many thought would benefit Chicago. It was ping center to Ohio State University to en­ schools with chairs of free enterprise often this devotion that set him apart from dow a free-enterprise professorship. seek scholars rather than executives to fill other mayors and enabled him to gov­ "Antibusiness people have had a virtual them. "Executives-in-residence usually have to battle misconceptions about proselytiz­ ern more effectively and give Chicago monopoly for 30 years on campus. Being for the leadership it craved. In fact, his free enterprise was a no-no," says Robert T. ing . . . and we hope to avoid that here," Davis, president of National Leadership Meth­ says Kermit Cudd, director of the business eff ort.s on Chicago's behalf were officially ods. That educational consulting fl.rm in school of the University of Tennessee at recognized by his mayoral colleagues Austin, Texas, has developed regional pri­ Chattanooga. That school is looking for "a around the Nation when he was voted vate-enterprise contests in which some 200 respected scholar" to occupy its new private­ America's out.standing mayor by the colleges compete annually for about $30,000 enterprise chair, established with a $1 mil­ 1976 Annual Conference of Mayors. in grants from such sponsors as Dow Chemi­ lion endowment from a deceased local lawyer. But it was the people of Chicago who cal Co., Eaton Corp. and Ralston Purina co. HITl'ING A NERVE were most £.ppreciative of Mayor Daley's Students devise projects to promote free "The few chairs that are outright propa­ tireless eff ort.s, electing him six times as enterprise in their local communities, and the gandistic embarrass me," says Craig Aronoff, ones Judged most creative and effective win their mayor. It was this 21-year tenure associate to the chair of private enterprise that made his name and his city synono­ prizes. Entries have included a television at Georgia State. "We maintain academic ob­ quiz show called "Free Enterprise Bowl" and jectivity here. We don't say government is a mous terms. a film about the entrepreneur who invented nasty creature and that big business is During his tenure as mayor, Richard the Weed Eater machine. faultless." Daley established himself as an author­ ACADEMICS WANT MORE CONTACT It's impossible to measure the effectiveness ity on municipal and State Government Many businessmen say they're encouraged of free enterprise programs, but Mr. Higgins finance, a feat that I can attest to, as I by the triendly climate on campus these apparently has hit a nerve with students in had an opportunity to observe his exper­ days. A recent Louis Harris poll concluded his Kent State introduction-to-business tise firsthand during my 20-year career that "the welcome mat is out" for the busi­ class. Freshman Richard Davis says it made as an Illinois State legislator. The mere nessman on campus. In his survey of 750 capitalism look so rewarding that he plans academicians at 150 colleges, Mr. Harris found to invest in the stock market to get "a piece fact that he was able to keep Chicago 77% favoring more contact with the cor­ of the action." Senior Michael Capezuto used from deficit spending during his terms as porate world and no one wanting less. to think big corporations ran everything and mayor is further proof of his financial Georgia State University in Atlanta estab­ socked away big profits, "but now I realize prowess. lished the first private-enterprise chair in the the importance of small businesses and have Richard Daley has been called the last U.S. in 1963. Since then, 20 more have been a more realistic idea of profits," he says. (Mr. of the big city bosses, and perhaps that funded by individuals, corporations and Higgens says some students thought com­ was true, but there was a tendency in the foundations, and another 20 are in the plan­ panies earned as much as 70% on sales, in­ stead of the usual 4 % to 5 % . ) media and around the Nation to exag­ ning or discussion stage, says John Ward, gerate his power. And contrary to what director of free-enterprise activities at Loyola Mr. Higgins has brought in lots of guest University of Chicago. lecturers, including U.S. Steel and Interna­ some have said or wrote, Richard Daley tional Harvester executives, and they seem was receptive to constructive criticism, Also popular are executive-in-residence to be a big drawing card. The class offers programs in which businessmen lecture to though intolerant of unwarranted nega­ "a chance to meet important business peo­ tivism or obstinance motivated by purely liberal-arts classes as well as in business ple," one Kent State student notes. "And you schools. Steel· and life-insurance executives, can use all the contacts you can get when it partisan politics. He respected the loyal for instance, regularly do brief campus stints, comes time t.o land & job."e opposition when opposition was founded mingling with students in classes and dorms on sincerity. and at the favorite pubs. While Mayor Daley could be termed an Most executives drop in for Just two or three weeks, but some stay a whole academic ambitious man, his was not a case of year. These long-term visitors tend to be A TRIBUTE TO THE LATE RICHARD blind ambition. No doubt, he could have retirees, since the typical harried business­ J. DALEY ON THE OCCASION OF successfully advanced into national pol­ man can hardly afford to take a nine-month THE 76TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS itics but such was not his wish, since he sabbatical. BmTH viewed being mayor as the position he Although the primary focus of corporate could best serve the people of Chicago. programs is the student, some are aimed at Mr. Speaker, being a member of the teachers. Standard 011 Co. (Ohio) managers HON. JOHN G. FARY Illinois State legislature for 20 years, I meet periodically with college instructors to ponder such questions as, "How does a de­ OF ILLINOIS came to know Richard Daley, the politi­ mocracy reach a consensus on the complex IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVES cian, very wrll. But I also know Richard issue of energy?" and "Does business have a Daley, the private citizen equally as well. social responsib111ty?" Monday, May 15, 1978 He was a humble person, who walked And in another approach, Hammermill • Mr. FARY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to modestly among his fellow citizens. He Paper Co. of Erie, Pa., helped design a pri- take this opportunity to bring to the at- was a loving and devoted husband and May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13791 father, and a loyal son of the church. He tect this herd's Canadian habitat. H.R. trammeled primeval lands the full se­ came up through the ranks the hard 39 protects much of its Alaska habitat. curity of statutory protection. way, by his own strenuous efforts, but he Also of international impartance is the Despite the impartance of the wilder­ never forgot or neglected men, women, Alaskan population of polar bears. The ness title of H.R. 39, a misunderstanding and children less fortunate than he. In United States is a signatory, with Can­ about this measure is being perpetuated. his characteristic way, he translated this ada, Denmark, Norway, and the U.S.S.R., This misunderstanding results from mis­ compassion into concrete and successful to the agreement on the Conservation of informed claims that title VI would "vi­ measures which eased their plight. Polar Bears, ratified by the United States olate" procedures in the Wilderness Act Richard Daley is no longer with us but in September 1976. The agreement com­ of 1964. Some people are suggesting that his memories and accomplishments' will mits the five nations to protection of the .the 1964 law that established the Na­ always remain. History will record his polar bear and its habitat. H.R. 39 car­ tional Wilderness Preservation System rightful place, but on the occasion of this ries out that commitment by protecting requires a specific study process for all day, I am proud to say: There was a the polar bear's denning habitat in the areas that are designated as wilder­ man!• coastal part of the Arctic National Wild­ ness-a process involving agency and ex­ life Range. ecutive branch review and a Presidential recommendation for wilderness. A great international park is in store In fact, under the Wilderness Act such ALASKA LANDS AND INTERNA­ for the spectacular Wrangell-St. Elias a study process was required only for TIONAL WIIDLIFE Mountains, which span the international certain categories of areas in existence boundary in' south-central Alaska: Can­ on the date of enactment of the act. The ada already has the Kluane National 1964 law did not create a mandatory HON. LESTER L. WOLFF Park on its side of the border. H.R. 39 study process that must be applied to all OF NEW YORK establishes the Wrangell-St. Elias Na­ wilderness candidates. Approximately tional Park and Preserve on our side of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVF.S three-fourths of the acreage and more the border. than half of the areas now in the Wilder­ Monday, May 15, 1978 Canada is also considering plans to ness System have not gone through the protect the Canadian portion of the so-called wilderness study process, but •Mr.WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, the wilder­ upper Yukon valley, just across the bor­ ness and wildlife of Alaska have inter­ have resulted from our direct initiatives der from the Yukon-Charley National here in the Congress. (Most recently, the n~tional significance. A great opportu­ Preserve established by H.R. 39. ruty to protect these international val­ Congress enacted and the President ap­ ues is before us in H.R. 39, the Alaska Our Nation will never again have the proved Public Law 95-237, the Endan­ National Interest Lands Conservation chance to protect the internationally im­ gered American Wilderness Act of 1978, Act. This bill should be strengthened to portant wildlife lands of Alaska. We can comprised almost entirely of key wild­ restore the wildlife habitat protection always open these areas to exploitation lands protected by our initiative here in that was deleted through unfortunate later on, if exploitation should become the Congress and not subject to a so­ compromises in committee. more important than the wildlife it called "wilderness study." That land­ would replace. But we can never restore mark bill was passed by this House by a Ala.ska contains some of the world's what nature took centuries to create. I vote of 380 to 18. greatest summer nesting habitat for mi­ urge my colleagues to join in strengthen­ What the Wilderness Act did require gratory birds. It is among the least-dam­ ing H.R. 39, so it will give the national is that decisions about wilderness be aged wildlife habitat in the world. Many interest lands the permanent protection based on good information and broad of the ducks, geese, and swans that are they both deserve and need.• public participation. Those are the cri­ seen in the lower 48 States every fall and winter come from Alaska, and the same teria Congress assesses as each wilder­ is true of those seen in Asia and the ness propasal is considered. Pacific. Our distinguished colleague from CONGRESS HAS RESPONSIBILITY Wyoming, Mr. RoNCALIO, chairman of the Other species of migratory birds nest Subcommittee on Indian Affairs and in Alaska and migrate to such distant TO DESIGNATE WILDERNESS ON ALASKAN PUBLIC LANDS NOW Public Lands, points out in the Interior lands as Japan, New Zealand, Argentina, Committee report on H.R. 39 that each and Antarctica. The arctic tern, for in­ of the areas proposed for wilderness des­ stance, breeds in Alaska and migrates ignation in the bill "has had more de­ some 10,000 miles to the antarctic waters HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON tailed study, of every aspect of the ques­ off' Chile, Argentina, and South Africa. OF MARYLAND tion, than was ever given to any of the The golden plover breeds in northern IN THE HOUSE OF REPRF.SENTATIVF.S so-called 'wilderness study' areas cov­ Alaska and winters in the South Pacific ered by the Wilderness Act." region, including Hawaii, south China, Monday, May 15, 1978 As he points out the wilderness char­ and Australia. Summer habitat essential • Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, in the next acteristics of all the additions proposed to these migratory birds is included in in H.R. 39 were studied extensively H.R.39. few weeks the debate over the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation through the environmental impact state­ International populations of whales, Act will present us with the century's ment process. seals, and porpoises also depend on Alas­ most significant test of our land con­ Furthermore, at the same time the U.S. ka, spending part of their life cycle in Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau coastal waters adjacent to some of the servation policy. A key part of H.R. 39 as reported by of Mines were studying the potential for proposed national wildlife refuges and hard rock mining and oil and gas leasing parks in H.R. 39. Sea-run fl.sh, including the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs is title VI, which calls for desig­ in these areas. That data was provided several species of salmon, come from to the committee in special briefings, Alaska's rivers and move out to distant nating lands within units of the Na­ parts of the North Pacific, providing a tional Park, National Wildlife Refuge, area by area. food source for several Pacific nations. and National Forest Systems in Alaska The Interior Committee itself care­ Many of the rivers on which these fl.sh fully reviewed all these studies on the as part of our National Wilderness Pres­ basis of more extensive and thorough runs depend will receive protection un­ ervation System. field reviews by the committee and a der H.R. 39. Wilderness designation is a crucial more exhl\ustive process of public hear­ The international Porcupine caribou step for preserving wildlife habitat, ings across Alaska and across the "Lower herd returns each summer to its calving watershed, scenic and recreational val­ 48" than has been conducted on any area in the Arctic National Wildlife ues, and the subsistence lifestyle of rural conservation measure in our history. The. Range, and migrates south and east into Alaskans. It is crucial because wilderness committee reduced the wilderness acre­ Canada for the winter. The government ~signation is accomplished only by act age in the original H.R. 39 by half, care­ of Canada is planning measures to pro- of Congress, thus assuring these un- fully refining each boundary to exclude 13792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 the vast majority of places with poten­ What the Wilderness Act of 1964 required the results and made our own decision to tial for mining or leasing. was that certain specific lands identified in designate the area in question. Fully 95.5 percent of the lands in that Act were to be studied in order to reach Those who argue that each proposed wil­ recommendations which would be sent to derness area in H.R. 89 must undergo some Alaska which our expert agencies (the the Congress. Those study requirements are U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau special, formal, dictated wilderness study found in subsections 3(b) and 3(c) of the procedure are arguing for form over sub­ of Mines) classify as having "favorable" Act, and apply only to specific National For­ stance. potential for oil and gas values lie out­ est primitive areas, National Park System side the boundaries of the areas H.R. lands, and National Wildlife Refuge System The question is not whether the area has lands. Furthermore, these study provisions gone through a particular study process, has :i9 proposes to preserve. In view of the a particular kind of label on its front cover, enormous values of the land surface as are expressly limited to such areas that were in existence on the date of enactment of and has been subject to some drawn-out wilderness, as wildlife habitat for the that Act (September 3, 1964). The studies series of routine, red-tape procedures. Rather, Western Hemisphere's most spectacular which the Act required were to be completed the question we ask in this Committee as we wildlife and waterfowl pageant, and as within a specific ten-year review period. reach each wilderness decision is simply: do we have enough sound resource information sheer scenery, the bill has been com­ That period for wilderness studies re­ promised to reach a fair and reasonable to make good Judgments about resource quired by the Wilderness Act expired on tradeoffs, impacts, and values, and has the balance with oil, gas, and mineral po­ September 3, 1974--nearly four full years ago. public had ample opportunity to participate tential. Some members of the cpmmit­ There is no wilderness study required of in reaching the decision? tee believe they went too far in making general applicab111ty in the Wilderness Act, For the area we propose in H.R. 89 as these compromises. and certainly none which has any applica­ wilderness, the answer is "yes". Each of these The committee also took special pains tion to most of the lands which are pro­ posed for wilderness status in H.R. 89, as proposed wilderness areas has had more de­ to recognize and allow for the special reported. tailed study, of every aspect of the question, problems inherent in designating Alas­ than was ever given to any of the so-callect kan wilderness by permitting traditional What the Wilderness Act did specify a.bout "wilderness study" areas covered by the Wil­ future additions of wilderness lands other derness Act. There has been, through the 'llSes of motorboats and snowmobiles, than those mandated for studies during the aircraft, limited commercial services, whole five-year study process set out by the now-elapsed ten-year wilderness study peri­ Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, and public cabins. od was simply this: In subsection 2(a) the through environmental impact statement On the basis of that record, there is Wilderness Act states: procedures on each area, and through our no credible reason for not acting now ". . . and no Federal lands shall be desig­ Congressional field reviews and the most ex­ to designate as wilderness the selected nated as wilderness areas' except as pro­ tensive field hearings this Committee has areas now named in H.R. 39. After all, vided for in this Act or by a subsequent ever conducted, more public review and par­ these are public lands belonging to all Act." ticipation than in any of the areas which U.S. citizens-not just development in­ In the same vein, subsection 8(c) states were covered by a wilderness study under the terests. Mr. Speaker, I would like to that: Wilderness Act.e take this opportunity to express my "A recommendation of the President for designation as wilderness shall become effec­ sincere appreciation to Chairman RoN­ tive only tf so provided by an Act of Con­ CALio, who has devoted a great deal of gress." time and energy over the years to wilder­ As Chairman of the Subcommittee on In­ SUMMARY OF SMALL BUSINESS ness legislation in his capacity as chair­ dian Affairs and Public Lands, which handles COMMITrEE'S REPORT ON PROD­ man of the Subcommittee on Indian much of the wilderness designation legisla­ UCT LIABILITY INSURANCE Affairs and Public Lands. With his un­ tion, I am concerned by the misunderstand­ matched experience in handling wilder­ ing which leads some to suggest that we may ness proposals, I feel that Mr. RoNCALio's not designate wilderness without going views on H.R. 39 deserve careful con­ through a specific "wilderness study" rou­ HON. JOHN J. LaFALCE sideration. I include his remarks on tine. In this Committee (which has sole OF NEW YORK jurisdiction over the designation of wilder­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this subject from the Interior Commit­ ness areas) we have worked with great care tee report on H.R. 39 in the RECORD at to reach sound, reasoned and well balanced Monday, May 15, 1978 this point. wilderness decisions. Many of the areas we • Mr. LAFALCE. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ SUPPLEMENTAL VIEWs-CONGRESSIONAL INI­ have proposed-and the House has passed TIATIVE Wn.DERNESS NOT NEW and the President has signed into law-have cently circulated among our members a As H.R. 39 has been discussed, one line of originated from Presidential recommenda­ "Dear Colleague" letter soliciting co­ argument has often been repeated concern­ tions which came to us through the Wilder­ sponsorship for the Omnibus Product ing the question of wilderness designation. ness Act study process. But in inany other Liability Product Insurance Act which This is a matter which needs to be better cases, we have proposed--and the House has I recently introduced. This proposal in­ understood, for the line of argument to passed and the President has signed into corporates the legislative recommenda­ which I refer ts simply in error. law-wilderness proposals which did not re­ tions made in the Committee on Small As reported, H.R. 39 includes designation sult from such studies. They were originated Business' report on Product Liability of portions of the lands within many of the in other ways simply because the lands in­ conservation system units as wilderness. In volved were not a part of the Wilderness Act .Insurance, which resulted from an ex­ each case, the Committee has carefully re­ study requirement. Most of these important tensive investigation of the problems in viewed the resource information available on wllderness additions were initiated here in that area by the Subcommittee on Capi­ these lands and the testimony from many the Congress itself: tal, Investment and Business Opportu­ hundreds of witnesses. In each case we have In 1974 we passed and the President signed nities which I am pleased to chair. As a determined that we have enough sound in­ the so-called "Eastern Wilderness Areas Act" result of the considerable interest in formation, and that there has been ample (Public Law 93-622). None of the areas in­ both the proposed legislation and this publlc participation in reviewing the issue, cluded had been subject to a "wilderness report, and since the text of the complete to permit us to reach a well-informed and study" of the sort which some would argue well balanced final wilderness decision. these D-2 wilderness lands must have. report is almost 80 pages, I believe it Despite the care we have taken in reach­ would be helpful to set forth the report's In 1976 we passed and the President signed highlights herein. ing these refined wilderness decisions as in­ the Omnibus Wllderness Act (Public Law cluded in the reported blll, it is being sug­ The highlights follow: gested by some that to designate this wilder­ 94-567). some of these areas, too, were ini­ tiated in the Congress, without the formal A. How the Product Liab111ty Problem ness in this blll would somehow "violate" the Manifests Itself. procedures required by the 1964 Wllderness "wilderness study." Act. Those who make this suggestion argue In 1978 we passed and the President signed The report recounts testimony presented to that the Wllderness Act requires a "wilder­ the historic "Endangered American Wilder­ the Subcommittee by Congressional witnesses ness study" for each area before the Con­ ness Act of 1978" (Public Law 96-287), inak­ and from the business sector, which invari­ gress may consider and act upon its actual· ably complained of substantial, and even lng the largest single addition to the Na­ exorbitant product llabllity premium charges. -designatlon. tional Wilderness Preservation System since That argument ls simply wrong. Some witnesses complained of the lack of the Wilderness Act itself. Only one of the availab111ty of product 11ab111ty insurance; There is no such wilderness study require­ areas included had had a formal "wilderness while unavallab111ty is certainly present, the ment in the Wllderness Act. study," and in that case we flatly rejected real problem appeared to be unaffordabllity. May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13793 The cost of product llab111ty ~urance was the medical malpractice insurance "crisis" Moreover, while 2 percent of all injured per­ often stated to be about 1 percent of sales: an IRS representative indicated that medical sons received 57.2 percent of all claims pay­ This statistic ls misleading, since most bust.:. malpractice reserves were overreserved by 30 ments made for bodily injuries, 1 percent of nesses, especially small businesses, operate percent to 45 percent. these became paraplegic, quadriplegic, or ex­ on a profit of merely 2 percent to 5 percent Moreover, the record keeping of product perienced brain damage, 2.6 percent required of sales. Thus, in -such cases, the true cost liablllty insurers ls abhorrent: They keep no amputations, and 0.3 percent developed can­ represents about 20 percent to 50 percent of separate date for product liability insurance. cer. Further, 6.6 percent of all injured per­ profits. Representatives of the Hartford Insurance sons either died or experienced permanent ; Many of the Congressmen and business Company stated before the Subcommittee total dlsabllity. representatives indicated that they believed that "the paucity of information" that they It· also emerged from the Subcommittee's that the premiums be~g charged for prod­ were able to report was "an embarrassment". studies that manufacturer's of capital uct 11ab111ty insurance were unfair and This lack of lntell1glble data ls exacerbated goods--goods used in the work place--are arbitrary; however, rather than focusing in by otherwise irresponsible conduct within especially vulnerable to product liablllty on the "unfairness" or "arbitrariness" of the the insurance industry. For example, several claims. Of all claims 10.6 percent involved premiums, most of these witnesses advo­ insurers, as well as a public relations orga­ employees injured in the course of employ­ cated tort law changes which would curtail nization within the insurance industry, en­ ment, while this same group represented 42 the rights of injured persons to sue. This gaged in deceptive advertising. They stated percent of the total payments made for bodily appeared illogical to the Subcommittee that the number of product liablllty claims injury. However, as these are work place in­ since the proposed "solutions" bore no annually was one mill1on, a figure which was jury claims that are compensated through "nexus" to the alleged problem of unfair subsequently revealed to be overstated by 700 state worker's compensation systems, gen­ and arbitrary premiums. Hence, a substan­ percent to 800 percent. Further, several in­ erally the employer cannot be sued. One sur­ tial portion of.time was devoted to investi­ surers used the so-called "lawn mower case" vey indicates that in the judgment of the gating the Insurance aspects of the problem in their advertising, a "horror story" which claims examiners, 57 percent of these in­ to ascertain the fairness of product llablllty was subsequently revealed to be unsubstan­ volved possible employer negligence. Thus, premiums; tlable. It ls especially disheartening that the manufacturers are forced to bear sub­ B·. The Insurance Industry. these advertisements help mold the "judg­ stantial losses while employers who may In its consideration of the product liablllty ment" of insurance company underwriters. .have contributed to the injury suffer no pen­ insurance industry, the Subcommittee was Moreover, even the Insurance Services Of­ alty, with their worker's compensation in­ faced with the problem of trying to under­ fice has engaged in practices which are mis­ surers able to recoup worker's benefits paid. stand the technical vocabulary used in the leading. They had undertaken a survey of E. Recommendations. insurance industry, where appearances are claims that were actually closed within an The report recommends the creatlon of a often deceiving. 8% month period ending March 15, 1977. Federal Insurance Commission as an inde­ For example, the term "losses" ls fre­ The Subcommittee's analysis of their figures pendent agency to acquire expertise for the quently used. This term ls generally thought indicates that the average actual payment Federal Government with respect to Insur­ to mean claims that have actually been paid; for all bodily injury claims was $3,592, and ance generally. Moreover, the report pro­ however, that term not only includes losses that the actual average payment for all inci­ poses to grant it the power to fully regulate actually paid, but includes reserves set aside dents was $6,692. Nevertheless ISO circu­ all aspects of the insurance industry. How­ for claims that have been reported to the in­ lated to the media, legislatures, and others, ever, it shall defer to continued state regu­ surer but not yet paid ("case reserves"), as "trended" figures stating that average pay­ lation, and shall act only in those instances well as the reserves for claims thought to ments are $13,911 and $26,004 respectively. where state regulation ls deemed deficient. have occurred but which have not yet been All the foregoing ls taking place within a With respect to tort changes, the report reported ("IBNR"). system of state regulation, a system which counsels that Federal standards should be In any event, the Subcommittee learned has as its primary focus safeguarding the formulated for state· adoption, but shall be­ that while there ls a manual of actuarially insurer's solvency. It has appeared to the come mandatory with respect to any non­ determined product liab111ty rates, these ac­ Subcommittee that the ab1llty of the state adoptlng state after two years. These changes count for less than 10% of all product liabil­ regulators to act upon unfair product lla­ include the creation of a single product ity premiums. The remaining 90% of all blllty rates and premiums ls severely re­ llabillty cause of action for bodily injury product llablllty premiums are not based on stricted. Moreover, the information collected claims which shall distinguish among those published rates, and to a large but undeter­ by state regulators ls deficient as they do instances in which the product falls to meet mined extent, are judgment rated. This not require the separate reporting of prod­ the manufacturer's own specifications (I.e., means that the actual premium ls deter­ uct liablllty data. Further, in those lines in a defect in construction) and other in­ mined by the "subjective judgment" of the which product llablllty experience ls con­ stances in which the product may be un­ individual underwriter. tained, the Subcommittee has found data. safe, or for which the manufacturer may The Insurance Services Office ls the na­ which ls ostensibly outrageous. For example, have had a duty to warn. tion's leading product liab111ty rate-making for 1976, 71.4 percent of all of Crum and It advocates the introduction of compara­ organization. While it has made revisions Forster's losses for line 17 (the line which tive fault provisions to apportion respon­ to its information-gathering techniques to contains the bulk of their product liablllty sibillty among those responsible; the clari­ refine the data it collects for product liab111ty information), consists of mNR--losses of fication of evidentlary rules including the rate-making purposes, it has indicated that which it ls not yet aware. relevancy of the state of the art at the time these revisions will not eliminate a substan­ Further, the Subcommittee learned that of manufacture, as well as the authority of tial portion of all present judgment rating. investment 1ncome--1ncome earned on the courts to appoint expert witnesses. Further, Moreover, the Insurance Services Office reserves ls not taken into account in the the report recommends the implementation publishes guide rates for judgment rated ratemaking or pricing of product liablllty of a statute of limitations for product liabil­ classifications. These guide rates were al­ insurance. ity actions running from three years after the leged to represent average rates for these C. The Tort Litigation System. date of the injury, provided that after the classifications. However, in one study of sev­ product has been in use for ten years, the The Subcommittee findings with respect to burden of proof shall be exclusively upon eral of the largest insurers, it was disclosed the insurance industry did not imply that that the premiums charged for product lia­ the plaintiff, without the assistance of any the tort litigation ls entirely satisfactory. The presumption. bility insurance were based upon rates in ex­ major problem in that area ls the lack of uni­ cess of the guide rates. In any event, it ls 1m­ formity in product llab111ty law from juris­ With respect to work place injuries, the p0881ble to determine the extent to which diction to jurisdiction. Product llab111ty rates report recommends abolishing worker's com­ individual insurers adhere to the manual are based on the national experience: A prod­ pensation liens and/or rights of subrogation; rates or the guide rates. uct manufactured in one state can cause in­ however, the employee's recovery from Furthermore, it appears that insurers are jury and subject its manufacturer to 11ab111ty any product liablllty action shall be reduced "panic pricing" product · liab111ty 1nsuranee. in any of the other jurisdictions. by the amount of worker's compensation This conclusion was inade by several wit­ benefits that the plaintiff has previously At present, among the states there exists received. nesses and may be supported by other Sub­ wide disparity and uncertainty in the stand­ committee findings: These included (1) an ard of care ( 1) owed by a manufacturer or The foregoing proposals wlll impact the erroneous perception by insurers as to an in­ seller to a product user and (2) required by problem only over the long run. However, creased frequency in the number of product a product user. to provide immediate relief, the report rec­ liab111ty clalms--when none has been shown; In evaluating suggestions for changes in ommends providing a tax deduction for cash a perception exacerbated by erroneous na­ the tort law, several interesting statistics amounts contributed to a trust, the purpose tional advertising; (2) an unwillingness to emerged, for example, in a recent 8% month of which 1s to pay product 11ab111ty claims write product liab111ty insurance as a result period, less than 4 percent of all claims that and expenses. The deduction shall be lim­ of a decrease in the underwriting capacity of were closed went to verdict, with the insurer ited to an amount which pursuant to IRS many insurers; and (3) the fact that during winning approximately 75 percent of these. regulations takes into account the cost.a 13794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 and/or quotes for product lla.b111ty insur­ charged that the national parks, wild and sent 82 per cent of the value of the proposed ance, the coverage customarily maintained, scenic rivers and wilderness proposals would mineral production in the SRI study? The and the claims experience of both the tax­ "lock up" enormous mineral wealth from authors of the study made It clear that their payer and others in his industry. Moreover, economic development. In a major effort to calculations of commercial fea.slbillty for the trust shall have a responsible fiduciary substantiate this claim, a group of corpora­ these mines included the assumption that as trustee, and shall by its terms preclude tions with mining interests in Ala.ska. recently the Ala.ska Railroad would be extended from use for other than payment of product liabil­ pa.id $110,000 to SRI International Inc., a Nenana to the mines by 1982. Construction of ity claims and expenses. Trust funds shall prestigious California-based consulting firm, the railroad at public expense ls absolutely be irrevocably committed to pay product to study the impact of federal land with­ necessary for the development of these mines. lia.b111ty claims and expenses. However, upon drawals on the economic and employment Now one does not need to be an expert on · the cessation of taxpayer's business and sat­ potential of Alaska's mining industry. railroads to realize that the 1982 timetable isfaction of all known product Ha.blllty The SRI study, which was released In An­ for completion of such a rail line is absurd. claims, amounts may be repaid to the trust chorage on April 14 and subsequently pre­ Moreover, the capital cost of the rail project contributor and shall be includable at such sented to Senate Interior Committee mem­ would probably be in the billion-dollar range, time.e bers, and staff, provides a valuable insight so even if the mines could provide enough into the economic aspects of the d-2 issue, freight volume to pay the opera.ting cost of as well as into the powerful lobby aligned the railroad, they could never hope to justify ALASKA LANDS LEGISLATION AND against the H.R. 39 bill. its enormous construction cost. MINERAL DEVELOPMENT The personal bias of the authors of the What is the role of pending d-2 legislation SRI study against d-2 withdrawals was evi­ in impeding the development of the Brooks dent not only from the opening remarks at Range mineral resources? None of these pro­ the public presentation of their findings but posed mines ls included within a proposed HON. MORRIS K. UDALL from the language of the written report, as d-2 conservation unit. According to the SRI OF ARIZONA well. One must presume, however, that the study, the problem ls that the transportation corridor for the hypothetical rail extension IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES authors have accurately represented the facts of Alaskan mining potential, and these might have to detour slightly to avoid passing Monday, May 15, 1978 facts provide no evidence that proposed d-2 through the proposed Oates of the Arctic Na­ tional Park. • Mr. UDALL. Mr. . Speaker, one of the legislation is a major factor limiting Alaskan major arguments opponents of the Alas-. mineral development. The SRI minerals study reports that devel­ The study shows that the major factor in­ opment of the seven potential mines would ka National Interest Lands Conservation hibiting the growth of the state's mining in­ have no appreciable impact on the supply of Act n ls we have experienced since 1973. Since 1973 ance by U.S. universities of funds from illiterate. For its Humphrey tribute, Ira.n 1s some commodities have varied as much as foreign dictators be reconsidered against sending $250,<>00-a gift that, commented one $8 per bushel which not only resulted in the high ethical and scholastic standards former Capitol Hill staffer, would have permanent food price increases but also in which we expect from our universities. "genuinely embarrassed" the late Senator. erratic fluctuation of !arm income. The article follows: It ls clear that the attempts of Mr. Mar­ The price support loa.n program outlined THE HAI.Ls OJ' IVORY cos, Mr. Quaddafi and the Shah to cleanse their Images have not been wholly success­ in this amendment would allow the !armer (By David M. Sloan) to put his grain in storage, offer !or collateral, ful. But this holds little consolation. The and receive a loan to maintain his cash flow WASHINGTON.-What do the regimes Of issue remains that American universities are while waiting !or a satisfactory price to sell Ferdinand Marcos, Muammar el-Qaddafi, and embracing suspect money with open arms his grain. the Shah of Iran have in common? and clear consciences. University adminis­ In addition to symbollzing authoritarian Thus the purpose of this amendment is to trators, eager to supplant dwindling founda­ role and systematic human-rights viola­ tion a.nd Federal financing, have Judged stabilize food supplies in the United States tions, each of the governments has recently while maintaining a small margin of profit potential contributions by their size, re­ !or the !armer. donated substantial endowment funds to gardless of source. American universities. Are our universities in such desperate While Americans have long contributed to straits? It seems equally clear that the re­ AN AMENDMENT To H.R. 9045 education abroad through foreign-assistance cipients of these questionable monies are B!lC. 6. (a) The Secretary shall also provide programs, the funding of United States not in !act those schools most financially a publicly-held and nationally coordinated higher education by third-world regimes ls pressed. Because a gift ls offered, a uni­ food and feed grain reserve program. The certainly a new phenomenon. An influx of versity need not accept it. Even so-called said reserve program shall be initiated foreign students to American universities bas beggars can be choosers. through existing price support programs traditionally characterized the link between with loan rates set as follows: Corn42.50 the United States educational system and Mr. Mayer says he's "drawn the line" and per bushel, soybeans-$5.25 per bushel, developing countries. More recently, how­ refused gift offers. He turned down a South barley41.50 per bushel, oat.6-$1.15 per ever, this relationship has in certain in­ Korean advance ("because they're in the bushel, and whea~2.35 per bushel. In stances assumed a character that ls clearly business of buying Americans") and says addition, a 25¢ per bushel storage charge will more political than educational. In essence, he wouldn't have taken Libyan money. But, be awarded annually. These rates are to be several controversial foreign governments are to use his own criterion, is South Korea reviewed and adjusted annually by the seeking to buy international legitimacy any less an American product gone bad Secretary. through gifts to United States universities. than the Philippines? Is Mr. Qaddafi really any "worse" than Mr. Marcos? (b) Upon the price of a commodity under One of the latest public-relations initia- loan agreement reaching 125 percent of the tives of this kind lrivolves a $1.5 million Defending acceptance of the Marcos gift, loan rate on the open market the loan may grant from the family of Ferdinand C. Mar­ the chairman of the Tufts trustees, Allan be terminated by the loa.nee. When price of cos to Tufts University's Fletcher School of D. Cabon, has declared that "Tufts a commodity exceeds 140 percent of the loan Law & Diplomacy. has 'bought' nothing except an oppor­ tunity." This raises an important point for rate on the open market all loans on that _ Since declaring martial law in 1972, Ml all schools !aced with like situations: What commodity will be called by the Secretary. Marcos has attempted to deflect criticism of exactly does "opportunity" signify !or the (c) All loans shall mature on the last day his regime and ts understandably concerned donor? The foreign end of the quid pro quo of the 9th month of the following crop ye&l' about American perception of his rule: With amount of loan plus 6 percent interest United States underwriting of his govem­ is crucial here. For some, "opportunity" due. At the time of maturity . the loanee ment now reaches $125 mlllion yearly. Be­ promises stronger ties between foreign na­ shall have the option to default on loa.n a.nd sides endowing a chair in his own name, Mr. tions and the United States. For others, surrender grain to the Commodity Credit Marcos recently hired a New York publlc­ however, such opportunities serve as con­ Corporation, pay amount due, or renew the relations flrm to polish his image. venient vehicles for some of the world's loan !or another year. Any loan may not be The Tufts president, Jean Mayer, says his most reprehensible dictators to attempt to renewed more than twice.e acceptance of the Marcos chair ts entirely ap- legitimize their rules.e 13798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS May 15, 1978 SENATE COMMI'ITEE MEETINGS Appropriations 9:30a.m. Interior Subcommittee Fina.nee Committee Title IV of the Senate Resolution 4, To continue hearings on proposed budg­ Health Subcommittee agreed to by the Senate on February 4, et estimates for FY 79 for the Depart­ To hold hearings on a report of the Com­ 1977, calls for establishment of a system ment of Energy. mittee on Governmental Affairs pre­ for a computerized schedule of all meet­ 1224 Dirksen Building pared by its Permanent Subcommittee ings and hearings of Senate committees, on Investigations concerning alleged Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs lllega.l and criminal activity of certain subcommittees, joint committees, and Interna.tlona.l Fina.nee Subcommittee health maintenance organizations and committees of conference. This title re­ To hold hearings in connection with re­ other health ca.re organizations. quires all such committees to notify the strictions employed by foreign coun­ 2221 Dirksen Bullding Office of the Senate Daily Digest-desig­ tries to hold down imports of U.S. Judiciary nated by the Rules Committee-of the goods. Criminal Laws and Procedures Subcom­ time, place, and purpose of all meetings 5302 Dirksen Building mittee when scheduled, and any cancellations Commerce, Science, and Transportation To resume hearings on S. 2013, to re­ or changes in meetings as they occur. Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ quire the additional labeling of ex­ As an interim procedure until the mittee plosive materials for the purpose of To hold hearings on S. 2873, proposed identification and detection. computerization of this information be­ Ocean Shipping Act. 1318 Dirksen Bullding comes operational the Office of the Sen­ 235 Russell Bullding 10:00a..m. ate Daily Digest will prepare this in­ Energy and Natura.I Resources Appropriatlons formation for printing in the Extensions Public Lands and Resources Subcommit­ Interior Subcommittee of Remarks section of the CONGRESSIONAL tee To continue hearings on proposed budg­ RECORD on Monday and Wednesday of To hold hearings on S. 3046 and S. 707, et estimates for FY 79 for the Depart­ each week. the proposed Coal Pipeline Act. ment of Energy. Any changes in committees scheduling 3110 Dirksen Bullding 1224 Dirksen Bullding will be indicated by placement of an Governmental Affairs Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs asterisk to the left of the name of the To continue hearings on S. 991, to create Securities Subcommittee a. separate Cabinet-level Department To hold hearings on S. 2715, authorizing unit conducting such meetings. funds through FY 1981 for the Securi­ Meetings scheduled for Tuesday, of Education. 3302 Dirksen Building ties and Exchange Commission. May 16, 1978, may be found in Daily 5302 Dirksen Bullding Digest of today's RECORD. Judiciary Commerce, Science, and Transportation Administrative Practice and Procedure l\fi:ETINGS SCHEDULED Merchant Marine and Tourism Subcom­ Subcommittee mittee MAY 17 To resume consideration of proposed To continue hearings on S. 2873, pro­ 8:00 a.m . . legislation dealing with public partici­ posed Ocean Shipping Act. Appropriations pation in Federal agency proceedings. 235 Russell Bullding 155 Russell Bullding District of Columbia Subcommittee Environment and Public Works To continue hearings on budget esti­ Select on Intelllgence mates for FY 79 for the District of Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee Closed meeting, to further consider re­ To hold hearings on S. 2775, the proposed Columbia Government. port on Angola.. 1114 Dirksen Building Nuclear Siting and Licensing Act. 8--407, Capitol 4200 Dirksen Bullding 9:00 a.m. Joint Economic Foreign Relations Governmental Affairs Economic Growth and Sta.bllization Sub­ Arms Control, Oceans, and Internationa.1 Civil Service and General Services Sub­ committee Environment Subcommittee committee To hold hearings on urban crime pol­ To resume hea.rlngs on S. Res. 49, favor­ To hold hearings on H.R. 4319, regarding icy. ing international agreement to a government life and health insurance 6226 Dirksen Building treaty requiring the propagation of an benefits; H.R. 4320, regarding annuity 10:30a.m. international environmental impact payments for Judges and justices; statement for any major project ex­ H.R. 8342, dealing with local withhold­ Judiciary To continue hearings on S. 2252, the pected to have significant adverse ing taxes for federal employees; H.R. effect on the physical environment. 8771, regarding compliance with court Alien Adjustment and Employment 4221 Dirksen Building decree in divorce proceedings of a. fed­ Act. eral employee under civil service re­ 2228 Dirksen Bullding Select on Intelllgence tirement system; and H.R. 9471 and To resume hearings on s. 2525, to im­ Rules and Administration prove the intelllgence system of the S. 224, regarding civil service retire­ To consider proposed a.uthorlza.tion of ment credit for time spent in W.W. II U.S. by establishing a statutory basis additional funding to complete con­ for U.S. intelllgence activities. internment camps. struction of Madison Memoria.1- 3302 Dirksen Building 5110 Dirksen Building Llbra.ry of Congress building, and 10:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. other committee business. Governmental Affairs •Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 301 Russell Building To mark up s. 2640, proposing reform Financial Institutions Subcommittee of the Olvil Service laws. To resume hearings on S. 2096 and S. 1:00p.m. Appropriations 3302 Dirksen Building 1460, Right to Financial Privacy Act, Judiciary and S. 2293, to modernize the banking Interior Subcommittee To continue hea.ri~s on budget esti­ To continue hearings on S. 2252, the laws with regard to the geographic Allen Adjustment and Employment placement of electronic fund transfer mates for FY 79 for the Department systems. of Energy. Act. 1224 Dirksen Building 2228 Dirksen Building 6202 Dirksen Building 2:00p.m. Human Resources 2:00p.m. Appropriations Health and Scientific Research Subcom­ Special on Aging Interior Subcommittee mittee To hold an open business meeting. To continue hearings on budget esti­ To resume hearings on S. 2755, the Drug S-126, Capitol mates for FY 79 for the Department of Regulation Reform Act. Conferees Energy. 4332 Dirksen Building On H.R. 7843, to provide for the ap­ 1224 Dirksen Building Judiciary pointment of additional Federal cir­ Select on Ethics To hold hearings on the nominations of cuit and district judges. To hold an open, followed by a closed, Adrian G. Duplantier, to be U.S. dis­ EF-100, Capitol business meeting. trict judge for the eastern district of Room to be announced Louisiana, and Gilbert G. Pompa., of MAY 18 MAY22 Texas, to be Director, Community Re­ 8:00a.m. 9:00 a.m. lations Service. Appropriations Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. 2228 Dirksen Bullding District of Columbia Subcommittee Agricultural Production, Marketing, and 10:00 a.m. To continue hearings on budget esti­ Stabilization of Prices Subcommittee Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry mates for FY 79 for the District of To hold hea.rlngs on S. 2626, the Con­ To hold a.n open business meeting. Columbia. Government. sumer and Agriculture Protection Act. 322 Russell Bullding 1114 Dirksen Building 324 Russell Building May 15, 1978 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 13799 Select Small Business 3:00 p.m. MAY 28 Monopoly and Anticompetitive Activities Conferees 10:00 a.m. Subcommittee On S. 9, to establish a policy for the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs To resume hearings on the Federal Gov­ management of oil and natural gas To continue hearings on S. 2716, the ernment patent policy. in the Outer continental Shelf. Interstate Land Sales Full Disclosure 318 Russell Building EF-100, Capitol Act Amendments. 10:00 a.m. MAY 24 5302 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 8:00 a.m. To hold oversight hearings on anti-infla­ MAY 31 Appropriations 2:00p.m. tionary proposals. District of Columbia Subcommittee · 5302 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on budget esti­ Conferees Judiciary , mates for FY 79 for the District of On S. 9, to establish a policy for the Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee Columbia Government. management of oil and natural gas in To resume oversight hearings on ICC's 1114 Dirksen Building the Outer Continental Shelf. Until 5:00 p.m. EF-100, Ca.pitol price regulation in the motor common 9:00 a.m. carrier industry. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 2228 Dirksen Bullding JUNE 1 Agricultural Production, Marketing, and Conferees 10:30 a.m. Stablllzation of Prices Subcommittee On S. 9, to establish a policy for the Commerce, Science, and Transportation To continue hearings on S. 2626, the management of on and natural gas To hold hearings on the nomination of Consumer and Agriculture Protection in the Outer Continental Shelf. George S. Benton, of Maryland, to be Act. Until 5:00 p.m. EF-100, Capitol Associate Administrator of the Na­ 324 Russell Building tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad­ 9:30 a.m. JUNE 5 ministration. commerce, Science, and Transportation 10:00 a.m. 235 Russell Building Aviation Subcommittee Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 2:00 p.m. To hold hearings on S. 747, S. 3064, To resume hearings on S. 72, to restrict Appropriations H.R. 8729, and H.R. 11986, proposed the activities in which registered bank District of Columbia Subcommittee Aircraft and Airport Noise Reduction holding companies may engage, and to To resume hearings on budget estimates Act. control the acquisition of banks by for FY 79 for the District of Columbia 235 Russell Building holding companies and other banks. Government. 10:00 a.m. 5302 Dirksen Building 1114 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs 3:00 p.m. To hold hearings on S. 2892, proposed JUNE 6 Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs New York City Loan Guarantee Act. 10:00 a.m. To continue oversight hearings on anti­ 5302 Dirksen Building Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs inflationary proposals. Energy and Natural Resources To continue hearings on S. 72, to restrict 5302 Dirksen Building To continue hearings on S. 499, 1500, the activities in which registered 1546, 1787, and 2465, to designate or bank holding companies may engage, MAY 23 a