Josep Ramoneda, Aleksandar Prokopiev, Thomas Symeonidis, Andro Martinović
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H OST – ΓΕΦΥ M ΡA “ ” – – A R M O U – C T T O Ъ T T – C P O O M D U – L Ü – R M P O Ö K C T – THEthe magazine of BRIDGEAcademia Balkanica Europeana May 2020 (Number 6) Dossier: Culture, Art, Society Josep Ramoneda, Aleksandar Prokopiev, Thomas Symeonidis, Andro Martinović THE CULTURE OF COEXISTENCE 1395 DAYS THE YELLOW EAST, IN THE LONGUE DUREE WITHOUT RED THE WHITE WEST By Krzysztof Czyżewski By Šejla Kamerić By Burhan Sönmez ContentsEditorial Supported by a grant from the Foundation Open Society Institute in cooperation with the OSIFE of the Open Society Foundations Supported by a grant from the European Cultural Foundation www.culturalfoundation.eu Maintain the blue margins around the logo CONTENTS CHRONYSTERIC, Editorial TRIBUNE, CLOWN 13 By Aleksandar Prokopiev VIRUS(ES) 3 Forum ON ART: DRAFT FOR IS IT BECOMING A COUNTRY A POCKET AESTHETIC TRACTATUS 15 OF OLD MEN? 4 By Thomas Symeonidis By Mediha Ardović The Gaze of the Other Andro Martinović: WHEN EVERYTHING ELSE IS PUT ASIDE, CULTURE THE CULTURE OF COEXISTENCE IN THE REMAINS 17 LONGUE DUREE Interviewed by Amila Kahrović-Posavljak By Krzysztof Czyżewski 6 Loc-alia Visible Soul THE YELLOW EAST, THE WHITE WEST 19 « MY ART - A MIRROR OF By Burhan Sönmez THE PERSONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE OUTER WORLD. » 9 Zharko Basheski (1957) Ars Poetica 1395 DAYS BEFORE THE BEGINNING WITHOUT RED 10 Fragment from the novel “Hamam Balkania” Šejla Kamerić By Vladislav Bajac 21 Dossier Our Essay CULTURE, ART, SOCIETY THE UNHOLY TRINITY FROM “11 THESIS ON CULTURE” OF NEW MEDIA, POST-TRUTH By Josep Ramoneda 12 AND POPULISM 23 By Bashkim Shehu 2 Editorial VIRUS(ES) n the editorial of the previous issue, we and thus to protect humanity from this evil. of the Maastricht Treaty said: “The climate discussed a natural disaster that struck that seems to hang over the heads of state Meanwhile, the consequences of this crisis a small Balkan country. Now, we find and government and the lack of European extend beyond health and will be severe. First, Iourselves facing another natural disaster that solidarity pose a mortal danger to the we will be much poorer, with an economic is striking the entire planet and has paralysed European Union. The virus is back.” It is clear decline unprecedented in decades: On this almost all spheres of life (even our online to what old European virus he was referring. there is consensus among economists. Second, magazine has been affected and we apologise Not to mention the position that the EU humanity has been conquered not only by the to readers for the delay in publication of holds towards Syrian refugees, as it violating coronavirus epidemic, but also by an epidemic this issue). The cause of the disaster is a tiny, respective international conventions and at the of fear about the present and future. Both submicroscopic thing, a virus, a coronavirus, same time its own declared values, not just by poverty and fear, as well as the extraordinary called Covid-19, or SARS-CoV-2. It is a building walls to keep the refugees out, but empowerment of governments of nation- new, very insidious virus, highly infectious, also by giving prior blessing to the use of live states at a time when they are also shutting highly contagious. Doctors and scientists find weapons against refugees by Greece, the first out one another, constitute the perfect terrain themselves facing the unknown. One says Balkan state to join the EU. for a regression toward national-populist one thing, another the opposite, indeed too authoritarianism, which has seen an alarming From the very beginning, Jean Monnet, one often specialists contradict themselves within a expansion in the democratic West in recent of the earliest architects of united Europe, matter of days. The consensus that presupposes years. What will happen to democracy? Will it expressed concerns about the future of a scientific truth is missing in many aspects: be able to resist the authoritarian temptations this project, arguing that building Europe We are still in the phase of trial and error, thus of a population which is frightened and hostile had to begin with culture. But culture, in science has still not managed to predict nor to the world? What about the European the dominant ideological model, is seen as find a quick solution. The only solution that Union, which most recently opened its doors entertainment or luxury, and therefore, it is 21st century science has proposed up to now to the Western Balkans – what will it be the first to be sacrificed in times of economic is the Medieval response to the Black Death like in the near future? The signs are not hardship. We are far from that which Winston that plagued Europe: Enclosure, the greatest good: The richest countries are maintaining Churchill said in the midst of the Second isolation possible from one another. Thus, a a similar position as they did in the financial World War: “If we sacrifice our Culture, then large number of residents of this planet have crisis of 2008-2010, toward countries that can anyone tell me why we are fighting this been enclosed inside four walls, for weeks on are less rich, and this is harming European war?” end. Science requires time in order to find, integration, undermining its very foundations. through a process of trial and error, the truth Translated by Alexandra Channer As Jaques Delors, one of the protagonists 3 EditorialForum Mediha Adrović was born in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, in 1979. Graduated from the Faculty of Political Science, Department of Journalism. “Journalism is a big love, in all segments, from radio but also print and online media”, she likes to say. After working in the news program, for 15 years she has been working for the state TV of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the editorial office for culture. IS IT BECOMING A COUNTRY OF OLD MEN? By Mediha Ardović Unemployment is a burning problem trend has been on the rise, significantly, by dissatisfaction over the political Union for Sustainable Return and facing Bosnia and Herzegovina over the past five years, and should it situation, selected by under 70% of the Integrations in BH, about 230,000 (BH). Young people here share in the continue, BH will be facing a grim people who were examined. people left BH between July 2013 and unfortunate designation that BH has future: it will become a country of the January 2020. Among them are people one of the highest unemployment rates elderly. Unemployment is the reason Unemployment holds only sixth place who left BH while still retaining in Europe. Those who are, nevertheless, that the American Cato Institute has among the reasons why young people their residency status, but also those employed, are mostly working in the ranked BH in the less than glorious are leaving their home country, and just who permanently renounced their private sector, but they aspire to a eighth place on their poverty index. under 40% of the people examined said citizenship. secure position in public service. this was why they were leaving their “According to the most recent research home country. According to the data of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of Bosnia and Next to unemployment is dissatisfaction Herzegovina, more than 85,000 people For every job you need a connection or to have somebody who is with a current job or salary level, had renounced their BH citizenship politically active who can help you find a job. which about 30% of the young people by halfway through 2019. “If we take gave as the reason for leaving. The into consideration that young people conclusion is that young people are not are the group that most often leaves leaving primarily because of a lack of BH, we conclude that the number of Anela Mrdić, from Sarajevo, is still from 2019, the desire to go abroad is not employment opportunities, but because young people leaving BH is equal to looking for a job. She blames the on the wane. Between 60% and 70% of the entire political and social situation the population of third- or fourth-level government for the unemployment, of the working population has indicated in Bosnia and Herzegovina,” as they cities here,” said the Institute. which goes hand in hand with poverty, they would like to leave. But interesting say at the KULT Institute for Youth corruption, and the BH political that when they are asked what they are Development. There is no state-wide law in BH about system. willing to do to prepare for leaving, the young people. The Institute is currently percentage drops drastically. Only every “For four years now I have been trying tenth person has actually taken the steps to find a job in my profession, without needed to leave,” as Amer Osmićtells us, According to a study run by the KULT Institute for Youth success. For every job you need a a sociologist working on migration and Development in 2017 analysing the reasons why they are leaving connection or to have somebody who an assistant at the Sarajevo Faculty of is politically active who can help you Political Science. their home country, young people between the ages of 15 and 35 find a job. Knowledge is least valued here. Although I have no experience in According to a study run by the KULT say that the main reason they’re moving away is that they can’t my profession, I am willing to work, Institute for Youth Development in envision a better future for themselves. to learn, but I’m not being given the 2017 analysing the reasons why they chance.