Biopesticides: Primed for Growth

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Cover.indd 1 7/15/14 12:04 PM The meteoric rise of biopesticides… and Certis USA. Certis USA. It’s a pioneer in the development of biopesticides. Today it features a line of 30 di erent biopesticide products. Fourteen of those products were introduced in the last ve years rocketing Certis USA to its position as the number one provider of biopesticides in the U.S.

Certis Meteor ad.indd 1 7/11/14 2:53 PM Cover.indd 2 7/15/14 12:05 PM BIOPESTICIDES

PRIMED for GROWTH INSIDE THIS REPORT

BY JIM SULECKI 4 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW: BIOPESTICIDES BY THE NUMBERS Corporate Content Director, Meister Media Worldwide 6 SUPPLIERS: BIOPESTICIDES MOVE INTO ROW CROP TERRITORY iopesticides have been around for a long time of course, COST AND VALUE: COUNTING THE COST but we’ve noted a particular quickening of interest in 8 Bthese products of late. Once an offering generally from 10 PRODUCTION: BIOPESTICIDES VS. TRADITIONAL smaller suppliers for specialty crop growers, biopesticides AGROCHEMICALS have made major inroads into the portfolios of multinational 12 PGRS: THE OVERLOOKED PIECE OF THE BIOPESTICIDES agrochemical companies as well, and are receiving increased PUZZLE consideration for crop protection programs in broad-acre row crops. This is not surprising. Suppliers of biopesticides have continued to 13 TRIALS: PERFORMANCE IN THE FIELD both improve and prove the efficacy of their products; but the world 14 SPECIALTY CROPS: ON THE RISE OUT WEST is beating a path to their doors too. Responding to increasing demand DISTRIBUTION: RE-EVALUATING TODAY’S from consumers, regulatory bodies, food processors and retailers for 16 BIOPESTICIDES minimal-to-no pesticide residues, many growers are finding biopesticides fit the bill quite nicely. And mixing biopesticides with traditional 18 INTERNATIONAL MARKETS: STRICTER MRLS PUSHING crop protection programs can help with resistance management, helping GLOBAL DEMAND FOR BIOPESTICIDES to keep growers’ technology options open and viable for years to come. 20 COMMENTARY: AN AWAKENING TO THE VALUE Biopesticides are indeed primed for growth — in the farming and OF BIOPESTICIDES growing operations of the U.S. and the world, and as an overall product BIOPESTICIDE INDUSTRY RESOURCES: sector in agribusiness. We hope this special cross-team report from our 22 FOR MORE INFORMATION editors provides you with helpful insights as you make your crop protection decisions for the coming year.

SPECIAL REPORT FROM THE EDITORS OF MEISTER MEDIA WORLDWIDE

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Intro_TOC.indd 3 7/15/14 12:12 PM INDUSTRY OVERVIEW BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH

BIOPESTICIDES BY THE NUMBERS BY LAUREN ALEXANDER, Associate Editor, American Vegetable Grower he ﬁ rst sustainable commercial success stories in the biopesticide market were seen in the 1980s and 1990s. Since then, the market has grown exponentially, and is projected to exceed $3 billion by 2016, with a projected compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of more than 15%, according to research T from DunhamTrimmer. Biopesticides are the fastest-growing crop protection market sector The global biopesticide USA/Canada increasing at twice the compound annual growth market increased rate of the crop protection more than is the largest market as a whole. In 2013, biopesticides represented regional biopesticide 3% of the global crop protection market and are 200% market, followed by Europe,

expected to grow to nearly 2007 to 2012 INCREASE 5% by 2015. Asia-Pacific, and Latin America Microbial biopesticides represent the largest product type in the biopesticide market, occupying The global More than $2 billion close to 70% of the total market. Bioinsecticides are biopesticide was spent in the last the largest use segment, six months of 2012 on occupying 50% of the market is currently total market. acquisitions of Several factors have valued at more than prompted the biopesti- biopesticide cide market expansion, but the needs of growers $1.9 billion companies and manufacturers have been the primary driving forces of growth. These needs include a reduc- Fruit and vegetable tion in chemical and pesticide residues, stricter There are 170-200 crops currently represent import and supermarket standards, a shorter pre- biopesticide companies harvest interval, a push for 80% sustainability, and addi- of biopesticide use tional modes of action for in the Western world managing resistance. ■ Source: DunhamTrimmer. *All values calculated at grower level Source: DunhamTrimmer

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By The Numbers_alexander.indd 4 7/15/14 12:12 PM Healthier crops. Healthier results.

Farming is a complex, competitive business. When you’re looking for a healthy edge, look to bio-based pest management products from Marrone Bio Innovations. Our products give you superior pest control and improved plant health, resulting in higher-quality, higher yielding crops. But what really sets Regalia, Grandevo and Venerate apart is that they reduce environmental pesticide load, decrease chemical residue on food, and are low risk to beneficial insects and pollinators. Plus their unique modes of action help to combat the development of pest resistance making them invaluable to every IPM program.

Marrone Bio Innovations: Providing better biopesticides for a better tomorrow.

For more information, visit www.marronebio.com or call toll-free 1.877.664.4476

By The Numbers_alexander.indd 5 7/15/14 12:12 PM TABHEADSUPPLIERS BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH Biopesticides Move Into Row Crop Territory Suppliers see big opportunities beyond the specialty crop markets.

BY JACKIE PUCCI, Managing Editor, Farm Chemicals International

ig things have small beginnings,” is the famous quote from the classic flick Lawrence of Arabia. For biopes- “Bticides, the maxim holds true: They are confined to the fruit and vegetable fields no longer. As increasing numbers of major multinationals have jumped into the biopesticides arena, more suppliers ket penetration, especially in fruits and vegetables, and larger suppliers mean wider distribution and deep- but also in row crops, for example in the U.S. and er market penetration of naturally derived products in Brazil,” says Utz Klages, Bayer CropScience spokes- years to come — especially in coveted row crop areas man. like the U.S. Midwest and the Brazilian Cerrado. Tirosh adds, “There’s no doubt that the con- “[Fruits and vegetables] was a great starting point,” Tirosh tinued adoption of biopesticides by multinationals Ziv Tirosh, CEO of Israel-based Stockton Group, means that penetration into mainstream spray pro- Trimmer maker of Timorex Gold biofungicide, says. “But the grams will continue at a rapid pace and clearly this heart and soul of our food chain is row crops, and it’s a different will add to the exploration of value into row crops.” ball game in terms of economics and application rates. Never- None of this is to say that incorporating biopesticides is auto- theless, Stockton and other biopesticide companies are working matically an easy transition for traditional crop protection com- hard at creating biopesticides that will work economically on panies — far from it. row crops.” Challenges include biopesticides’ more demanding manufac- The biologicals buying spree by ag chem companies large turing and logistics, and the need to learn how to evaluate, de- and small swept the industry almost as fast as the spread of weed velop and market the products, according to Dr. Mark Trimmer resistance. From Bayer’s trendsetting purchase of AgraQuest of the consultancy DunhamTrimmer. Training field staff is key. for nearly $500 million to BASF’s $1.02 billion acquisition of “Traditional crop protection companies will need to adjust Becker Underwood to Monsanto’s $300 million investment in their sales and marketing approaches to succeed with biologi- Novozymes in its BioAg Alliance (just to name a few), the value cals,” Trimmer says. “Biopesticide benefits, such as residue and and potential of these products are not only being recognized resistance management, are optimized when used in programs but sought after. Twenty years ago, who could have imagined in combination with conventional chemistry. Those companies the current scenario? that integrate biologicals into their thinking and train their field For biopesticide companies, multinationals’ growing appetite sales teams to promote them effectively will have an advantage.” for their products means immediate global market access and far greater resources to support product R&D, registration, manu- BIG GROWTH AND THE ‘WALMART FACTOR’ facturing and marketing, among other prime opportunities. A Bill Stoneman, executive director of the Biopesticides Indus- simpler regulatory process also makes bio products attractive, try Alliance, points out that it would seem that few biological with the typical timeframe being three to four years versus nine companies would be left to acquire, but instead, he says more to 10 years, and less than a tenth of the typical $250 million cost have sprouted up in the wake of the buying spree. Companies are to register a traditional crop chemical. also increasingly reaching out to seed treatment players to bulk “The interest of global crop protection companies to invest in up their portfolios and boost biopesticide consumption, such as biologicals will certainly enhance market acceptance and mar- Syngenta’s Clariva biological seed treatment nematicide based on

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BIOPESTICIDE INDUSTRY:

30 ACQUISITIONS OR SIGNIFICANT

$2 BILLION AGREEMENTS IN 2013 in acquisitions in ACQUISITIONS: last half of 2012 ■ Arysta LifeScience – Goemar ■ Bayer – AgraQuest & Prophyta ■ BASF – Becker Underwood ■ De Sangosse – Alpha Biopesticides ■ Koppert – ItaforteBioprodutos ■ LesaffreGroup – Agrauxine ■ Syngenta – Pasteuria & Devgen ■ Monsanto – Rosetta Green & AlnylamPharma ■ Novozymes – Natural Industries & TJ Technologies ■ Valent BioSciences – Pace International

R&D / COMMERCIAL AGREEMENTS ■ technology it acquired from Pasteuria Bioscience in 2012. Arysta LifeScience – Plant Health Care Another recent example: In March, Bayer acquired Biagro ■ Certis USA – Summit Agro Mexico Group, an Argentinian producer and distributor of biological ■ De Sangosse – Biopreparaty & Servalesa seed treatment solutions especially in soybeans. Bayer is set to ■ FMC – Cytozyme, Eden Research & Chr. Hansen further expand its seed treatment business, known as Seed- ■ Gowan – Isagro Growth, by offering “an attractive and high-quality on-seed ■ Koppert – Bayer portfolio based on products, coatings, equipment and services,” ■ Marrone Bio Innovations – Valagro says Matthias Haug, head of Bayer SeedGrowth. ■ Monsanto – Novozymes Biopesticides still represent only about 3.5% or $1.93 billion ■ Syngenta – Novozymes, Marrone Bio Innovations of the $53 billion global crop protection market, according to ■ Valent BioSciences – BiomarMicrobials DunhamTrimmer. That is up from $1 billion five years ago and Additional companies that signed agreements: $500 million a decade ago. The industry is highly fragmented, Amvac, Andermatt, Brandt, Bioworks, CBC Group, MGK, and Stockton with more than 200 companies operating globally and the top 20 of those accounting for two-thirds of the market. Compare that with traditional crop protection market, in which the Big 6 registrations in Latin America in 2013 and ran a successful test eat up more than 72% of total sales. launch for plant health in corn and soybeans last year. The biopesticide industry grew more than 15% last year, and “We are expanding its acreage in 2014 and moving into the trend is expected to continue. Pamela Marrone, founder and canola, wheat and rice. We also found that Regalia’s mode of CEO of Marrone Bio Innovations, says her company outpaced action for resistance management and bee safety gave it a boost that growth, more than doubling sales. in California almonds,” she says. “The growth drivers of using biologicals for residue and resis- Following this spring’s debut of Venerate bioinsecticide, Mar- tance management and where chemicals are restricted or not al- rone is also set to launch Haven, a product that reduces transpi- lowed, will continue,” she says. Further, she notes that biologicals ration, resulting in crop yield increase. In less than a year, the can be used right up to harvest to manage residues, are produced company built a fermentation manufacturing plant for making using agricultural raw materials and aid in reducing water use in Grandevo, and in June, it closed on $40 million follow-on stock crop production. There is also the Walmart factor: They can help offering. “These new funds allow us to accelerate moving our large food companies and retailers meet sustainability goals, and active ingredients into seed treatments, further international ex- help meet consumers’ requirements for health and wellness. pansion and to expand the pipeline,” Marrone says. Launches continue to move along at a fast clip. Marrone Bio Stockton Group’s Tirosh sums up the industry’s generally Innovations is rolling out one to two new products per year and optimistic outlook: “We are still in the initial era of penetration expanding its existing products, including Grandevo bioinsec- of biopesticides and their full adoption into spray programs. We ticide and Regalia biofungicide, which snapped up five new have enough value already to make this into a solid shift.” ■

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Consolidation - Pucci.indd 7 7/15/14 12:12 PM COST AND VALUE BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH Counting The Cost A growing world population and public and regulatory pressure on agriculture for continuous improvement will make biopesticide programs increasingly saleable for retailers.

BY PAUL SCHRIMPF, Executive Editor, CropLife “It’s all about the objective of the grower,” Niboli says. “If you are advising, you are his part- n costing out crop protection and crop ner. Understand his goals, objectives, and budget. production products, every grower must Being in harmony with the grower is critical, and place them on his own continuum of I the grower needs to understand the differences importance. From there’s it’s up to the retail from a traditional program — that it may be more agronomist or consultant to build recom- mendations that fit a particular grower’s plan. And while some commonalities exist, plans can be as variable as each grower. This reality serves as both challenge and COST POINT: TRAINING opportunity for the full service retailer. Retailers beginning to embrace biopesticides could discover an After many years of fits and starts, biopesticides are finding operational challenge along the way — a lack of institutional a place on the crop production continuum for an increasing understanding about how biopesticides work, and how to build number of growers, and retailers should be paying attention to programs that include them effectively for growers. the trends that are driving their consideration and adoption. “Our crop advisers have to be more informed and educated about plant pathology and have an understanding of how biopesticide BALANCE UNDERSTANDING OF COSTS products work within the plant,” says Peter Niboli, Simplot director AND RETURNS of California retail operations. “Many of our advisers have grown In Western specialty crop areas where biopesticides have en- up in an ag business where if you spray something, something joyed a higher profile, crop protection products as a cost outlay dies. It’s a different approach to success. Our advisers need to for growers have been down the list vs. factors such as labor, understand the plants and the products, and we must continue water, and energy. But downstream demand from food retail to work on training, to ensure we are doing what’s best for the giants such as Costco and Walmart for reduced minimum residue levels (MRLs) of pesticides and global standards requiring customer, and the crop.” MRL data are providing an opportunity for retailers to have conversations about biopesticide alternative programs. “In the perishable food channel, the grower’s program is es- expensive overall. It’s not like comparing glyphosate from two sentially dictated to them, and he has to follow the rules that have different suppliers. If the higher quality of his crop pencils out to been set by his customer,” says Peter Niboli, Director, California more money per box, he’s getting clear benefit, and the biopes- Retail for Simplot. “Grocery chains are asking for certified trace- ticide program proves itself.” In the Midwest, penciling out ability and reduced pesticide residues.” Further, the world market biopesticides often hits a brick wall with growers, but a crack has is even more demanding in many cases, and exceeding MRLs or opened up for retailers over the past decade with the recognition and using products that do not have MRL approval could have of plant health as a yield factor. dire consequences for growers selling produce overseas, he adds. “I think the Midwest has been primed for the next step in While the risk of failure is significant for the underprepared, biopesticides because of the plant health movement,” Niboli says. the robust demand for quality produce provides great opportuni- “BASF pushed the mantra of what [timely fungicide application] ties for retailers. “The real agenda for the grower is to end up could mean to total production and bushels per acre, and growers with quality fruits and vegetables that are untarnished, and sell at have seen a return on their investment.” premium prices,” Niboli says. “If they can do that and meet the “The next breakthrough will be a product that enters a standards being requested by the buyer, they not only get premi- plant and not only provides defensive mechanisms for pests, ums, but become recognized as a grower that can deliver.” but also increased overall productivity of the plant,” he adds. The real challenge for costing out biopesticides is delivering on the promise Also, he expects to see more “tank mixing” or “stacking” of of a more environmentally friendly profile that meets the standards of a poten- multiple biopesticide products that deliver multiple benefits in tial buyer, and at the same time, delivers efficacy that growers require. a single application. ■

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Biopesticides Vs. Traditional Agrochemicals To effectively control pests, understand how the products work and know the biology of insect pests.

BY ROSEMARY GORDON, Editor, American Vegetable Grower The Advantages Of Agrochemicals And Biopesticides n 2014, there is a place for both biopesticides and traditional Traditional chemistry and biopesticide products each offer a variety of agrochemicals in virtually all areas of agriculture. Research- benefits to growers. Iers involved in fruit and vegetable, greenhouse, and row crop production say these two forms of crop protectants can be used solo or in tandem, depending on the situation. In either case, PROS OF BIOPESTICIDES however, planning ahead is required. ■ Safer for mammals and the user In general, the biggest difference between these two classes of ■ Very specific to the pest materials is selectivity. Most biopesticides are highly targeted in ■ Depending on the product, conserves beneficials the pests they kill, and as a result have less impact on beneficials or natural enemies. Traditional agrochemicals, on the other ■ Less likely to have resistance issues hand, are often considered to be broad spectrum products.

DEFINING BIOPESTICIDES AND THEIR BENEFITS PROS OF TRADITIONAL CHEMICALS Virtually everyone in agriculture understands the definition ■ Generally highly efficacious on the target pest of a traditional crop protectant. The term “biopesticide,” ■ Some have long residual, depending on the product however, may be a little murkier to most people. ■ Mixes well from an application standpoint As defined by EPA, biopesticides fall into three major classes: ■ Most thresholds are designed around quick knockdown • Microbial pesticides consist of a microorganism (e.g., a bac- terium, fungus, virus, or protozoan) as the active ingredient. biopesticides. In particular, he says products containing a virus • Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs) are pesticidal often are successful at suppressing pests, such as bollworms, and substances that plants produce from genetic material that has reducing non-target exposure, as well. been added to the plant. “Once [the virus] infects larvae, those larvae become a source • Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring substances of the virus, and it just keeps working and working,” Catchot ex- that control pests by non-toxic mechanisms. plains. “These products actually take some of the pressure off the According to Shimat Joseph, IPM entomology advisor at the traditional insecticides from a resistance management standpoint.” University of California, no matter which class a biopesticide falls into, the product generally provides several benefits to WHERE AGROCHEMICALS HAVE AN EDGE specialty crop growers including a fast breakdown of the residue In spite of their challenges regarding impact on non-target and a reduction in non-target exposure or impacts. In addition, insects, traditional agrochemicals have numerous benefits. some products, such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), act on specific Often a single-use active ingredient can suppress multiple pests at specific life stages. pests such as thrips, aphids, or worms, Joseph says. Plus, they In fact, Shimat says biopesticides are often a better fit for grow- have longer residual activity, are likely to provide persistent ers if used when the pest populations are below the economic control under field conditions, and the activity of the active threshold or at least the action threshold for traditional materials. In ingredient is not likely to be affected by environmental factors, the case of Bt, early season applications to combat caterpillar pests such as low humidity or high temperature. when pressure is low can provide economic benefits by reserving In addition, Joseph says traditional chemicals help manage most applications of some of the more expensive conventional products active life stages of a pest, something most biopesticides can’t claim. for later in the production cycle. Biopesticides’ complex modes of “For example, Bt is most effective on first and second instars action also serve as an effective resistance management tool. of moth larvae,” he says. “If the larvae get bigger, Bt is no lon- Angus Catchot, an entomologist at Mississippi State Univer- ger as effective. And, fewer numbers of sprays are required than sity, says row crop farmers can see many similar benefits with with biopesticides. If a grower goes with synthetic pyrethroids,

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he just needs one or two applications. This saves money.” ent, a traditional material, such as a pyrethroid, can be used. Reduced cost is another positive. “Off-patent insecticides are No matter the product, however, Cloyd says timing is critical. cheaper than biopesticides or newer reduced-risk materials and “You want to time applications to kill the most susceptible life provide relatively consistent results,” Joseph says. stage. That goes back to knowing the biology of the insect and mite pests, their behaviors, and understanding the pesticide you WORKING IN TANDEM are using because some products are more effective on adults and In spite of the apparent cost benefits of off-patent traditional some are more effective on eggs and nymphs. Make applications chemicals, using both kinds of products, sometimes in tandem, when the predominant life stages are susceptible to the material.” can help with resistance management, preserve beneficials, and Joseph says it is equally important to know the products’ offer a better environmental fit. properties. For example, biopesticides typically won’t disrupt According to Catchot, often biopesticides can be rotated with other beneficial organisms. other products for a cycle, reducing the chance for resistance to de- “Some act on certain pests, certain life stages of the pest, velop. The timing is earlier than for traditional products, however. function only during a given humidity/temperature range, and “Put them out earlier and on a lower pest population, particu- translocate within plants or act only by contact,” he explains. larly if [the biopesticide] is some kind of virus,” he explains. “You Joseph says once growers know how the products work and in- want to give [the virus] time to infect, sporulate, and spread.” teract, both traditional agrochemicals and biopesticides can be used Raymond Cloyd, a professor in the department of entomology more strategically and effectively. He adds that preferred products at Kansas State University who focuses on insecticides and mi- will have activity against the pest, attack the vulnerable life stage, ticides in greenhouse vegetable, fruit and floral production, says and have lower residual activity. biopesticides and traditional agrochemicals can be used in tandem By combining biopesticide products with these strengths and to target all stages of an insect’s life. For example, he says applying traditional chemicals that can fill in the gaps for other stages or Bt early in the season will kill young caterpillars. If a second gen- environmental conditions, growers are, in effect, adding a whole eration develops later in the season or larger caterpillars are pres- new set of tools to their crop protection tool box. ■

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BioVsConventional.indd 11 7/15/14 12:12 PM PLANTTABHEADTABHEAD GROWTH REGULATORS BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH PGRs: The Overlooked Piece Of The Biopesticides Puzzle Yield and quality can be as important to growers as crop protection.

BY RICHARD JONES, Group Editor, American Fruit Grower “There’s a fine line o much of the focus of biopesticides falls on crop protectants between crop Sthat another valuable production tool is often overlooked in the discus- protection and sion: plant growth regulators (PGRs). crop production.” While PGRs aren’t technically biopesticides, they are a growing segment of – Johan Pienaar, Valent Biosciences Corporation the biological controls business. Part of the confusion stems from the fact that EPA classifies PGRs as biochemi- end of the day, the ones that will survive cals under the umbrella of biopesticides. are the ones that have the best quality and “I think of ‘biopesticide’ more as an EPA maximize production the best they can.” classification than anything else,” says Kevin For- Having access to new bio PGR products adds ney, technical services manager with Fine Americas. an expense for specialty crop production, but growers “There’s a fine line between crop protection and crop can see a return in both yield and quality. production. That’s why we prefer the term ‘biorational’ as “These are investments, not costs. These are production opposed to ‘biopesticide’ — these products are not pesticides,” tools,” Pienaar says. “You need to protect that investment and agrees Johan Pienaar, global business manager, plant growth maximize your potential. The best growers are making the regulators for Valent Biosciences Corporation. most money.” That misnomer may be masking the opportunity offered by PGRs as another useful bio-based tool for growers. NEW CROPS FOR PGRS AND BIOPESTICIDES PGRs — both bio and synthetic — have been accepted tools PGRS DELIVER OPTIONS FOR GROWERS among specialty crop growers for years, but that obviously hasn’t Not all PGRs are biological products, but some estimates place been the case in row crops. the percentage at half or a little less of the PGR market. Having Pienaar thinks it will take some time to break through the bio versions of PGRs available offers advantages to growers. barriers and get PGRs into the row crop segment completely. “Some of these products that are produced by fermentation “The mindset is still different there. Where an apple grower are certified for use in organic production,” Forney says. “That’s might not even blink at the cost of adding a PGR tool to increase a nice tool for organic growers who want to be able to add a the value of a crop, that investment is in a whole different league PGR to their program.” compared to what a row crop grower is used to investing.” Another benefit comes from the registration standpoint. But as biopesticides begin to see more general acceptance “These products are often easier to register than non-biopesti- across new crop segments, Pienaar expects PGRs will be a part cides, so that allows growers to get more new products quicker. of the conversation. Some are also exempt from residue tolerances, making them “These are products typically not associated with biopesti- available for a broader range of crops,” Forney says. cides because people focus on that pesticide term and they only “Crop production strategies have changed,” Pienaar says. “In think about crop protection. But this is a huge and fast-growing the traditional high-value markets — apples, grapes, citrus, nut part of the biorationals business,” Pienaar says. “Growth in this crops — there is a lot of competition among producers. At the category is going to come in the biorational products.” ■

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ALFALFA IPM STUDIES Source: Alfalfa Performance In A 2014 study by researchers at UC-Davis examined various insec- IPM Studies – Davis ticide and biopesticide products for control of alfalfa weevil popula- 2014, Larry Godfrey and Kevin Goding, tions. All treatments were applied with the same timing and were UC-Davis Depart- assessed for alfalfa weevil larvae mortality at three days after ap- ment of Entomology The Field and Nematology, plication. Some of the biopesticides tested performed nearly as well and Rachael Long, as — or better than — many of the traditional chemistries. Yolo Co. Coopera- Trials show biopesticides have tive Extension

promise as viable IPM options. 100 90 ■ = Biopesticides 80 BY JANEEN WRIGHT % Alfalfa 70 Associate Editor, Greenhouse Grower Weevil 60 Control 3 50 ithout the necessary field data DAT 40 to back up efficacy claims and 30 20 demonstrate product performance, W 10 it would be difficult to convince the industry 0 of biopesticides’ value as environmentally safe StallionSteward SC + Agri-dexCobalt EC 11.3Warrior Advanced fl oz/acStallion II Entrust SC + dimethoateMustangRadiant EW + Agri-dex+Steward Agri-dexSC Lorsban EC 5.65beetleGONE! Advanced fl oz/acbeetleGONE! Cyazypyr2 lb/ac Belay4 lb/ac 10SCCentricGrandevo options for pest control. After examining the various trial information, it is evident that biopesticides show great promise as viable alternatives for environmentally safe pest control, either used alone or in combination with conventional insecticides. However, researchers seem to have barely tapped the surface in regards to providing growers with comprehensive information on biopesticides’ MICROBIAL CONTROL FOR efficacy and use. STRAWBERRIES, LETTUCE AND BROCCOLI Here is a just a sampling of recent research that shows some of what biopesticides have The entomopatho- Lygus populations before and after each spray application to offer. ■ genic fungi, Beauveria Lygus bugs/20 plants bassiana, which grows Treatment naturally in soils and Pre I Spray II Spray III Spray TREATMENT OF WHITE MOLD acts as a parasite Untreated 8.25 10.00 8.25 9.75 ON FIELD CROPS for various arthropod Acetamiprid 14.00 2.25 2.25 1.50 pests, has been a Novaluron + Bifenthrin 13.25 7.00 4.75 3.00 Coniothyrium minitans is a naturally biopesticide mainstay B. bassiana 9.50 4.00 8.50 13.75 occurring fungus that destroys the scle- for a number of years. Bb + Azadirachtin 15.00 6.00 4.50 3.50 rotia of the plant pathogen Sclerotinia A recent study of its Bb + 1/2 Fenpropathrin 5.75 10.75 12.00 8.50 sclerotiorum, also known as white mold. efficacy as a microbial Bb + 1/2 Acetamiprid 10.00 5.50 2.75 1.75 C. minitans has proven excellent for control of white control on strawberries Azadirachtin (low) 6.75 5.00 8.25 9.50 mold on soybeans, edible beans, canola, and sunflower. compared chemical Azadirachtin (high) 14.75 7.50 5.25 4.75 insecticides with Associate professor and vegetable cropping sys- B. bassiana alone, and tems specialist at Oregon State University, Alex Stone, B. bassiana in combination with azadirachtin (a growth regulator) and reduced recently presented a webinar that shared some of her rates of two chemical pesticides. Results demonstrated the potential of B. bassi- field trial results for C. minitans. The webinar is entitled ana and azadirachtin in integrated pest management for strawberries. “Using Contans (Coniothyrium minitans) for White Mold Management on Organic Farms” and can be found at Source: Microbial Control As An Important Component of Strawberry IPM, Surendra Dara, Strawberry and Vegetable Crops Advisor and Affiliated IPM Advisor, UC Cooperative Extension, http://bit.ly/1mb7qb9. Santa Barbara and San Luis Obispo Counties

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On The Rise Out West Increased efficacy, more resistance to chemical products, and greater grower flexibility cited.

BY DAVID EDDY Editor, American Fruit Grower

nlike their counterparts in many regions of the West, growers in Oregon’s Willamette Valley must contend Uwith an average of 36 inches of rain each year — about triple the amount of precipitation that falls in the prime growing regions of Eastern Washington and California’s Central Valley. Because of that, growers of fruit and nut crops must contend with high pressure from both mildew and botrytis, says Wayne Acker- mann, business development manager at Oregon Vineyard Sup- ply, commonly known as OVS. Organic growers have long used biofungicides to battle mildew and botrytis, says Ackermann, and in the past few years, conventional growers have joined them as biopesticides have become more mainstream. “They are priced competitively,” he says, “so they work in a conventional program.” But beyond price, Ackermann says conventional growers are becoming increasingly concerned about resistance building against synthetic chemical fungicides. “Using a biological in tandem will not only help the synthetic be more efficacious,” he says, “it will help prolong the life of the (chemical) product as a EASY AS 1-2-3 rotational option.” West Coast crop consultants say there are three reasons In recent years, there has been more attention paid to the fact conventional growers may want to consider incorporating that people are building resistance to antibiotics, says Acker- biopesticides into their production programs: mann, and he thinks a similar situation is happening in the plant world. “We know that plants have many of the same charac- Recent massive research endeavors equal vastly teristics that we have,” he says. “You’re going to hear more and 1improved products. more about this in the next two three years, in my opinion.” Helping to slow resistance to conventional Besides the other benefits provided by biologicals, Ackermann 2 pesticides. says that if applied at the right time, some products can help Greater flexibility exporting to countries finicky thicken the skins of fruits, providing further protection against 3 about MRLs. pests. This can work particularly well in combination with cal- cium in a fertility program during cell wall division, he adds. chemical companies have been pouring millions of dollars into FIX THE MIX biological research, increasing their biopesticide product portfoli- Like Ackermann, Fred Strauss, the branch manager for Crop os. “In the past, the products only worked so good — just ask the Production Services in Vernalis, CA, about 30 miles west of organic growers,” says Strauss. “The big boys are getting into it Modesto, says growers should weigh increasing concerns over now, and there is a lot more opportunity for growers out there.” resistance to conventional pesticide products. Strauss added that he had one important tip for conventional “Product longevity is a major issue,” he says. “Biologicals growers just about to try biopesticides for the first time: Do your definitely have a fit if you’re setting up (an Integrated Pest Man- homework. Make sure to familiarize yourself not only with the agement) program when you consider resistance management.” biopesticides themselves, but how they will work in a program along Besides resistance, there’s an even more basic reason more with traditional pesticides. “You have to be very careful mixing growers are incorporating biopesticides into their plans. The large them,” he says. “A conventional fungicide can kill a biofungicide.”

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EXPORT MANDATE John Dunley, like his West Coast “USING A BIOLOGICAL IN counterparts, says that while the TANDEM WILL NOT ONLY HELP primary market in Washington for biofungicides is organic, usage by THE SYNTHETIC BE MORE conventional growers is steadily increasing. “Biologicals are finding more EFFICACIOUS, IT WILL HELP and more traction in conventional production,” says Dunley, Wilbur Ellis’ PROLONG THE LIFE OF THE research coordinator for Northwest Operations. “Everyone is looking for (CHEMICAL) PRODUCT AS A that green label; it’s becoming an important thing.” ROTATIONAL OPTION.” As for a more tangible purpose, Dunley notes Washington grow- – Wayne Ackermann, Oregon Vineyard Supply ers ship to many countries that have maximum residue levels (MRLs) for chemical pesticides that are lower than issue in cherries in recent years, and now for many other fruits, what most domestic buyers require. Growers who use biological as well as vegetables like potatoes.” products don’t have to worry about reduced MRLs. The MRL issue has become particularly important in Wash- “We’re specifically looking at using them on conventional ington, not just because so many crops are exported, but many, crops late in the season — immediately prior to harvest — be- especially vegetables, are grown for processing. “Processors don’t cause they are MRL-friendly,” he says. “It’s become such an mess with anything they can’t ship overseas,” says Dunley. ■

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Re-Evaluating Today’s Biopesticides Ag retailers that have embraced biopesticides say today’s offerings are much different than the ones of yesterday.

BY ERIC SFILIGOJ, advertised, but having a boatload of data for Editor, CropLife our researchers and testing staff to work with is always a plus,” says Smith. ccording to most ag retailer insiders, On average, he says, Brandt sends anywhere there are two very distinct camps of from 12 to 18 months evaluating the addition Agrowers when it comes to biopes- of a new biopesticide to its product line-up. ticides: Those that completely understand The company does this by looking for any these product offerings, actively embracing data the biopesticide supplier might provide, their use, and those that expect them to per- conducting a series of comprehensive data re- form the same kind of “quick kill” capability views by independent and land grant research- of conventional control products. Unfortu- ers the company trusts, and putting the prod- nately, this division among potential users has uct through its own in-house product testing. been made even wider because of how many “If we are satisfied with all the information early biopesticides came into the market in we’ve gathered from this process, we will brand the first place. the product and bring it the market,” Smith says. “Since most of these products weren’t under the same kind of lengthy review Going To Market processes on the federal level as traditional For an example of this process in action, chemistries, suppliers tried to bring them to Smith points to a Brandt-distributed biopes- market on very fast tracks,” says Larry Fiene, ticide called Ecotec. A broadspectrum insec- business manager for WinField Solutions. ticide/miticide, Ecotec features two modes “So many early biologicals came into the of action: A combination of essential oils that market without a ton of research to back up block octopamine neuroreceptors in an insect’s their claims — and in general, many of their central nervous system and a temporary cover- results were lacking.” ing of the pest’s outer membrane, which leads However, according to Dr. Julian Smith, to a smothering effect. director of discovery & innovation for “The company that makes this product is Brandt, one of the nation’s largest ag retailers called EcoSmart, and it got its start offering based in Illinois, the world of biopesticides is biopesticide products to control termites in vastly different now compared to the past. new construction and fleas on household “It’s true that there have been many pets,” Smith says. “The company came to product offerings over the years that haven’t us with a very solid data package on how its worked out,” Smith says. “But the category biopesticide worked. We tested it and were today is much better defined and refined satisfied enough to brand the product for than I’ve ever seen it before.” our customers.” It’s also helpful, he adds, that today’s However, he adds, just stocking a biopes- biopesticide suppliers are much better at pro- ticide on its ag retail outlet shelves typically viding “lots of data” when it comes to back- isn’t enough. “As a distributor, it takes a lot of ing up their product claims. hand-holding with our customers when you “Number one, the product must work as are talking about a biopesticide vs. one made

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“Biopesticides tend not to be silver bullets all by themselves. But when we use them as a part of a complete pest control program, customers tend to get better pest control, better water management and higher crop yields as a result.” – Julian Smith, Brandt

using conventional materials,” Smith says. company also conducted “road shows” higher crop yields as a result.” “With many biopesticides, you don’t al- around the country with EcoSmart rep- Taking this kind of proactive approach ways get a quick kill. Instead, you end up resentatives to help explain Ecotec’s pest to promoting biopesticides is what all ag with a suppression effect, which will keep control potential to interested growers. retailers interested in such product should yields up and maintain high crop quality, “In general, the folks that would use consider, he adds. “In the past, ag retailers but that’s something that still needs to be a biopesticide control product are those were exposed to lots of narrow-scope- explained to a potential customer.” that have a complete program approach control biopesticides or ones that didn’t To get the word out about a product in place,” Smith says. “Biopesticides work very well,” says Smith. “Now, the such as Ecotec, Brandt did some tradi- tend not to be silver bullets all by ones out there have lots of data associated tional product marketing coupled with themselves. But when they use them as with them that shows they work. So it’s a lot of educational work with Certified a part of a complete pest control pro- time for all ag retailers and CCAs to re- Crop Advisers (CCAs) and its distribution gram, customers tend to get better pest evaluate biopesticides because they might people visiting the farmgate itself. The control, better water management and find some real gems in the bunch.” ■

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Retailers - Sfiligoj.indd 17 7/15/14 12:14 PM TABHEADTABHEADINTERNATIONAL MARKETS BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH Stricter MRLs Pushing Global Demand for Biopesticides Biopesticide market to reach $6.6 billion in 2020, driven by grassroots consumer demand, large grocery retailers and food safety rules in the EU and China.

BY DAVID FRABOTTA tors, retailers and cooperatives reported an increased demand for Group Editor, Farm Chemicals International biological products. Almost 40% of respondents from 46 countries are buying and selling biopesticides, up from 29% in 2009 iopesticides have become necessary tools for the preser- when the survey began. vation of trade around the world. The EU, of course, is Most interesting is why the growth has been so strong: Bleading the way with the establishment of — arguably — About half of respondents say grassroots consumer demand arbitrary maximum residue limits that create a de facto global for pesticide-free foods is the No. 1 driver behind heightened standard. This regulatory reality is driving greater adoption of demand for biopesticide products. The No. 2 demand (27%) is biopesticides, especially among horticulture producers. reported to be purchasing policies by large grocery retailers. Global biopesticide sales are expected to reach $2.8 billion Environmental/food safety regulations and demand from next year. That’s about 4% of the total agriculture retailers were cited as driving crop protection market, according to CPL adoption as well. Scientific, an executive-search and busi- GRASSROOTS CONSUMER ness consultancy for companies working DEMAND for pesticide-free Trade Preservation in specialty chemicals, biotechnology, Produce exporters from developed animal health, pharmaceuticals and other foods is the NO. 1 driver agriculture economies like the U.S. and industries. CPL estimates the sector will behind heightened Brazil and emerging agriculture economies continue to grow 15% per year until 2020, in Africa and Southeast Asia all must adhere when biological pesticide sales are pro- demand for to agronomic practices that ensure the jected to reach $6.6 billion. biopesticide global viability of their produce and protect Agriculture distributors are capitalizing agricultural export GDP. on the heightened scrutiny generated by products. In Turkey, for example, government food safety laws by carrying more prod- subsidies have been put in place to encourage ucts to meet demand. In the 2014 Farm the use of integrated pest management and Chemicals International State of the Indus- biological products to address the importance try Survey, 78% of agricultural distribu- of the EU as a key destination of its produce. 2014 Farm Chemicals International State of the Industry Survey 18 BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH

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Turkey’s Ministry of Agriculture is also reclassifying its pesticides based on residue limits. The Ministry is collecting residue data on crops and crop protection products to determine whether a product will be considered a plant health product or plant protection product. China’s new MRL This reclassification using MRLs will allow farmers to apply plant health products, biological products and certain traditional chemistries regulations due out in that don’t produce significant residues without a prescription, which applicators require in Turkey. Products that are classified as plant August could create protection products will still require a prescription, and it is likely that any crop destined for sale in the EU will require prescriptions regardless a boon for biological of the products being used. As a result of these measures, only 1.5% of Turkey’s produce is products in one of rejected for residues by the EU, Ministry of Agriculture Deputy Director General Dr. Nevzat Birisik told Meister Media in his office the world’s largest last year. By comparison, the EU’s European Food Safety Authority reported in June that it rejects about 3% of all produce that enters the agriculture producing Union. EFSA scientists analyzed 79,035 samples of 647 types of food in 29 countries, looking for residues of 900 pesticides. and consuming Other countries, notably Brazil, are following suit with their own MRL thresholds that mimic the EU’s standard to modernize their production infrastructure. China’s new MRL regulations, due out countries. in August, are expected to be stricter than the EU’s for some crops, potentially creating a boon for biological products in one of the largest agriculture producing and consuming countries on the planet. ■

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An Awakening To The Value Of Biopesticides

BY RICK MELNICK A LOT MORE SEATS AT THE TABLE Chairman, Biopesticide Industry Alliance (BPIA) Board Of Directors Flash forward three years and I’m the Chairman of BPIA’s Board of Directors and work on the business management hen I worked with Meister Media team at one of its founding member companies. Today, in Worldwide to engineer its last addition to the tens of smaller biopesticide-producing mem- W special report on biopesticides in bers, BPIA membership includes such ag chem stalwarts 2011, I was the company’s editorial director. as Bayer CropScience, Syngenta, DuPont, Monsanto, and At the time I had been covering ag produc- BASF. Billions of biopesticide-driven dollars have changed tion for about 16 years, and Meister was hands since that first report and I can safely say that if regarded as the most progressive and knowl- there’s a table big enough to hold everyone at today’s BPIA edgeable media company with respect to meetings, I haven’t seen it. biological control. If you’ve taken the time to read this report, hopefully you A lot of that knowledge came from our involvement in a then better understand what’s behind the dramatic growth. Ag- fledgling organization called BPIA — the Biopesticide Industry riculture — indeed the food value chain — has had a real Alliance. We became an ad hoc member of BPIA in 2003 and I awakening concerning the value of biopesticides as part of an attended my first BPIA meeting to learn more about the catego- integrated crop production program. ry. I recall that meeting vividly because everyone sat at the same With the entry of these major suppliers into the biopes- table. It was a close-knit group totaling around 20 people. ticide arena, whether or not biopesticides work is no longer By the time I recommended that first special report to the the question. Now, people want to understand how they editorial team in 2011, membership in BPIA had surpassed work. Consumers and regulators see biopesticides as envi- 60 companies. Another group called the International Bio- ronmentally responsible tools that can help minimize impact. control Manufacturers Association (IBMA) had since sprung Food companies see suppliers using biopesticides as strategic up in Europe and was beginning to draw large crowds to its partners who bolster their sustainability efforts. Retailers see meetings. There were changes afoot and where once I’d felt biopesticides as resistance fighters that can fill gaps in their more than a hint of desperation within BPIA, I now sensed portfolios and help maintain the life cycle of other important the mood had transformed to expectation. Something big was products. Crop advisors see all of the above and seek practical about to happen. knowledge about biopesticides to help meet the demand and That’s exactly what I wrote about in my introduction to the differentiate themselves among their peers. first Rise of Biopesticides report. The biopesticide industry As for my prediction in advance of the next report, I’m appeared to be at an inflection point, I told our readers. I have going to postulate that any lingering euphoria from this phase to admit that despite the changes I’d seen, part of me felt like I shift among biopesticide producers will quickly subside. The was going out on a limb. But as it turns out, I had no idea just big boys are in town, and it’s time to get down to business. how swift the changes in the biopesticide industry would be. That’s good news for growers and the whole value chain. ■

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Melnick.indd 21 7/15/14 12:14 PM RESOURCES BIOPESTICIDES PRIMED FOR GROWTH FOR MORE INFORMATION F you’re interested in learning more about biopesticides, consult the following resources for information on associations, research and development, market data, regulatory Iissues, and more. Biopesticide Industry Alliance International Biocontrol The Association of Natural BPIA offers members networking Manufacturers’ Association Biocontrol Producers opportunities with leading A worldwide association of Addresses key issues of the biopesticide companies, access to biocontrol industries including biological control industry industry news, opportunities to affect manufacturers, research through advocacy, education, product registration, and more. organizations, consultants, and quality assurance. distributors, and more.

www.biopesticideindustryalliance.org www.ibma-global.org www.anbp.org

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