DOCSLIB.ORG

Fall 2002 Volume XVI, No

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Air Force Chief of Staff Gen John P. Jumper Commander, Air Education and Training Command Gen Donald G. Cook http://www.af.mil Commander, Air University Lt Gen Donald A. Lamontagne Commander, College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research and Education Col Bobby J. Wilkes Editor Lt Col Anthony C. Cain http://www.aetc.randolph.af.mil Senior Editor Lt Col Scott G. Wierschke Associate Editors Dr. Doris Sartor Maj Donald R. Ferguson Professional Staff Marvin W. Bassett, Contributing Editor Larry Carter, Contributing Editor http://www.au.af.mil Mary J. Moore, Editorial Assistant Steven C. Garst, Director of Art and Production Daniel M. Armstrong, Illustrator L. Susan Fair, Illustrator Mary P. Ferguson, Prepress Production Manager Air and Space Power Chronicles Luetwinder T. Eaves, Managing Editor http://www.cadre.maxwell.af.mil The Air and Space Power Journal, published quarterly, is the professional flagship publication of the United States Air Force. It is designed to serve as an open forum for the presentation and stimulation of innova­ tive thinking on military doctrine, strategy, tactics, force structure, readiness, and other matters of na­ tional defense. The views and opinions expressed or implied in the Journal are those of the authors and should not be construed as carrying the official sanc­ tion of the Department of Defense, the Air Force, Air Education and Training Command, Air University, or other agencies or departments of the US government. Articles in this edition may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission. If they are reproduced, Visit Air and Space Power Journal on-line the Air and Space Power Journal requests a courtesy at http://www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil line. or E-mail to [email protected] Fall 2002 Volume XVI, No. 3 AFRP 10-1 A Word from the Chief . 5 Gen John P. Jumper Prelaunch Notes . 6 Vortices A Change-Challenge: The Fire-Support Coordination “Box” . 7 Lt Col Mick Quintrall, USAF A New Construct for Air Force Counterspace Doctrine . 17 Maj John Grenier, USAF Organic versus Joint Organization . 24 Lt Col D. Robert Poynor, USAF, Retired Transforming the Submarine Force: Integrating Undersea Platforms into the Joint Global Strike Task Force . 26 Capt Floyd D. Kennedy Jr., USNR, Retired Ira C. Eaker Award Winners . 36 Features Airpower versus Asymmetric Enemies: A Framework for Evaluating Effectiveness . 37 Dr. Mark Clodfelter Historical Perspectives on Operational Environment Research and Objective Determination in Air Campaign Planning . 47 Lt Col Tony Wolusky, USAF Argentine Airpower in the Falklands War: An Operational View . 59 Dr. James S. Corum A Sea of Peace or a Theater of War? Dealing with the Inevitable Conflict in Space . 78 Col John E. Hyten, USAF PIREP A Global Engagement Enhancer: The International Health Specialist . 93 Col Jane B. Ward, USAF, Retired, MC, FS Col Kerrie G. Lindberg, USAF, NC Maj Daniel S. McNulty, USAF, MSC, CAAMA Maj Mona P. Ternus, USAFR, NC Review Essay The Military Use of Space: A Diagnostic Assessment . 100 Barry Watts On the Edge of Earth: The Future of American Space Power . 100 Steven Lambakis Astropolitik: Classical Geopolitics in the Space Age . 100 Everett C. Dolman Space Weapons, Earth Wars . 100 Bob Preston et al. Ten Propositions Regarding Spacepower . 100 M. V. Smith Reviewer: Lt Col Peter Hays, USAF Net Assessment Luftwaffe Bomber Aces: Men, Machines, Methods . 108 Mike Spick Reviewer: Lt Col Robert F. Tate, USAFR Mason Patrick and the Fight for Air Service Independence . 108 Robert P. White Reviewer: Col Eric Ash, USAF The Great War and the Twentieth Century . 109 Edited by Jay Winter, Geoffrey Parker, and Mary R. Habeck Reviewer: Col Eric Ash, USAF Liaison 1914 . 110 Edward Spears Reviewer: William T. Dean III, PhD Wingless Eagle: U.S. Army Aviation through World War I . 111 Herbert A. Johnson Reviewer: Col Eric Ash, USAF Hell in Hürtgen Forest: The Ordeal and Triumph of an American Infantry Regiment . 111 Robert Sterling Rush Reviewer: Maj James Gates, USAF The Global Century: Globalization and National Security . 113 Edited by Richard L. Kugler and Ellen L. Frost Reviewer: Dr. Karl P. Magyar No Gun Ri: A Military History of the Korean War Incident . 113 Robert L. Bateman Reviewer: Command Sgt Maj James H. Clifford, USA Jane’s Battles with the Luftwaffe: The Bomber Campaign against Germany, 1942–45 . 114 Theo Boiten and Martin Bowman Reviewer: Lt Col Robert Tate, USAFR War Wings: The United States and Chinese Military Aviation, 1929–1949 . 115 Guangqiu Xu Reviewer: Paul Rexton Kan, PhD Reluctant Allies: German-Japanese Naval Relations in World War II . 115 Hans-Joachim Krug et al. Reviewer: Dr. Frank P. Donnini Rolling the Iron Dice: Historical Analogies and Decisions to Use Military Force in Regional Contingencies . 116 Scot Macdonald Reviewer: Lt Youssef H. Aboul-Enein, USN Making War, Thinking History: Munich, Vietnam, and Presidential Uses of Force from Korea to Kosovo . 117 Jeffrey Record Reviewer: John H. Barnhill Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War . 118 Mark Bowden Reviewer: Col Jon Campbell, USAFR Reaching for the Stars: A New History of Bomber Command in World War II . 120 Mark Connelly Reviewer: 1st Lt Jay Hemphill, USAF Victory on the Potomac: The Goldwater-Nichols Act Unifies the Pentagon . 120 James R. Locher III Reviewer: Dr. Jeffrey Record US Allies in a Changing World . 121 Edited by Barry Rubin and Thomas A. Keaney Reviewer: Lt Youssef H. Aboul-Enein, USN Fighting with the Screaming Eagles: With the 101st Airborne from Normandy to Bastogne . 122 Robert M. Bowen, edited by Christopher J. Anderson Reviewer: 1st Lt Jay Hemphill, USAF The Kremlin’s Nuclear Sword: The Rise and Fall of Russia’s Strategic Nuclear Forces, 1945–2000 . 123 Steven J. Zaloga Reviewer: Capt Gilles Van Nederveen, USAF, Retired The Forgotten Air Force: French Air Doctrine in the 1930s . 124 Anthony Christopher Cain Reviewer: Col Phillip S. Meilinger, USAF, Retired Mission Debrief . 127 Air and Space Power Journal Board of Reviewers Prof. Tami Davis Biddle Dr. Tom Keaney Duke University School of Advanced International Studies Lt Col Price T. Bingham, USAF, Retired Johns Hopkins University Melbourne, Florida Prof. Theodore Kluz Lt Col Matthew Caffrey, USAFR USAF Air War College Operations Directorate Dr. Charles Krupnick Headquarters USAF US Army War College Brig Gen Phillip D. Caine, USAF, Retired Dr. Benjamin S. Lambeth Monument, Colorado RAND Dr. Don D. Chipman Lt Col David MacIsaac, USAF, Retired USAF Squadron Officer College Montgomery, Alabama Dr. Clayton K. S. Chun Dr. Karl P. Magyar US Army War College Montgomery, Alabama Dr. Mark Clodfelter Col Edward Mann, USAF, Retired National War College Colorado Springs, Colorado Dr. James Corum Dr. Jerome V. Martin USAF School of Advanced Airpower Studies Peru State College Dr. Conrad Crane Col Phillip Meilinger, USAF, Retired Strategic Studies Institute Science Applications International Corporation US Army War College Prof. John H. Morrow Jr. Dr. Dik A. Daso University of Georgia National Air and Space Museum Dr. Daniel Mortensen Smithsonian Institution USAF College of Aerospace Doctrine, Research Dr. Lee Dowdy and Education Alabama State University Prof. James Mowbray Col Dennis M. Drew, USAF, Retired USAF Air War College USAF School of Advanced Airpower Studies Dr. Karl Mueller Brig Gen (Sel) Charles Dunlap Jr., USAF RAND Staff Judge Advocate Dr. Richard R. Muller USAF Air Combat Command USAF Air Command and Staff College Dr. Stephen Fought Col Robert Owen, USAF, Retired USAF Air War College Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Col David M. Glanz, USA, Retired Dr. Reina J. Pennington Journal of Slavic Military Studies Norwich University Col Thomas E. Griffith, USAF Dr. James Smith USAF 39th Support Group USAF Institute for National Security Studies Incirlik, Turkey Col James Spencer, USAF Dr. John F. Guilmartin Jr. USAF Academy The Ohio State University Col Richard Szafranski, USAF, Retired Dr. Grant T. Hammond Toffler Associates Center for Strategy and Technology Air University Dr. James Titus USAF Academy Prof. Daniel Hughes USAF Air War College Col Mark Wells, USAF USAF Academy Dr. Thomas Hughes USAF Air War College Dr. Kenneth P. Werrell Lt Col Mark P. Jelonek, USAF Christianburg, Virginia Space Division Dr. Harold R. Winton USAF Weapons School USAF School of Advanced Airpower Studies 4 A Word from the Chief Why “Air and Space”? GEN JOHN P. JUMPER,CHIEF OF STAFF N THIS EDITION, only the title has One way we respect those differences is changed. The Air and Space Power Jour­ by understanding we need to develop nal continues its distinguished tradi­ space warriors—those trained in the plan­ tion of providing Airmen a forum to ning and execution of space-based opera­ Ibecome knowledgeable and debate the is- tional concepts. At the same time, these sues of our profession. This intellectual ac­ warriors are still Airmen who work in our tivity is critically important—it is the fuel Air and Space Operations Center, integrat­ behind the leadership and vision needed ing space capabilities with air and surface to continue the transformation of the capabilities. Air and space capabilities have world’s greatest Air Force. We must be pre- to work together to bring the right war- pared to meet all the challenges of this mil­ fighting effect to the right target at the lennium—both in our current war on ter­ right time. We will accomplish this trans- rorism, and beyond. Our nation expects formational marriage of air and space ca­ this of us, and we will do it. pabilities through the horizontal integra­ The January 2001 Space Commission re- tion of our manned, unmanned, and space platforms. Our air and space warriors are port represents a significant intellectual ef­ working side by side to make this happen. fort, studying how our nation should best Another way we respect the differences utilize space in the 21st century.
Recommended publications
  • Joint Force Quarterly 97

    Joint Force Quarterly 97

    Issue 97, 2nd Quarter 2020 JOINT FORCE QUARTERLY Broadening Traditional Domains Commercial Satellites and National Security Ulysses S. Grant and the U.S. Navy ISSUE NINETY-SEVEN, 2 ISSUE NINETY-SEVEN, ND QUARTER 2020 Joint Force Quarterly Founded in 1993 • Vol. 97, 2nd Quarter 2020 https://ndupress.ndu.edu GEN Mark A. Milley, USA, Publisher VADM Frederick J. Roegge, USN, President, NDU Editor in Chief Col William T. Eliason, USAF (Ret.), Ph.D. Executive Editor Jeffrey D. Smotherman, Ph.D. Production Editor John J. Church, D.M.A. Internet Publications Editor Joanna E. Seich Copyeditor Andrea L. Connell Associate Editor Jack Godwin, Ph.D. Book Review Editor Brett Swaney Art Director Marco Marchegiani, U.S. Government Publishing Office Advisory Committee Ambassador Erica Barks-Ruggles/College of International Security Affairs; RDML Shoshana S. Chatfield, USN/U.S. Naval War College; Col Thomas J. Gordon, USMC/Marine Corps Command and Staff College; MG Lewis G. Irwin, USAR/Joint Forces Staff College; MG John S. Kem, USA/U.S. Army War College; Cassandra C. Lewis, Ph.D./College of Information and Cyberspace; LTG Michael D. Lundy, USA/U.S. Army Command and General Staff College; LtGen Daniel J. O’Donohue, USMC/The Joint Staff; Brig Gen Evan L. Pettus, USAF/Air Command and Staff College; RDML Cedric E. Pringle, USN/National War College; Brig Gen Kyle W. Robinson, USAF/Dwight D. Eisenhower School for National Security and Resource Strategy; Brig Gen Jeremy T. Sloane, USAF/Air War College; Col Blair J. Sokol, USMC/Marine Corps War College; Lt Gen Glen D. VanHerck, USAF/The Joint Staff Editorial Board Richard K.
  • Coproduce Or Codevelop Military Aircraft? Analysis of Models Applicable to USAN* Brazilian Political Science Review, Vol

    Coproduce Or Codevelop Military Aircraft? Analysis of Models Applicable to USAN* Brazilian Political Science Review, Vol

    Brazilian Political Science Review ISSN: 1981-3821 Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política Svartman, Eduardo Munhoz; Teixeira, Anderson Matos Coproduce or Codevelop Military Aircraft? Analysis of Models Applicable to USAN* Brazilian Political Science Review, vol. 12, no. 1, e0005, 2018 Associação Brasileira de Ciência Política DOI: 10.1590/1981-3821201800010005 Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=394357143004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System Redalyc More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America and the Caribbean, Spain and Journal's webpage in redalyc.org Portugal Project academic non-profit, developed under the open access initiative Coproduce or Codevelop Military Aircraft? Analysis of Models Applicable to USAN* Eduardo Munhoz Svartman Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Anderson Matos Teixeira Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil The creation of the Union of South American Nations (USAN) aroused expectations about joint development and production of military aircraft in South America. However, political divergences, technological asymmetries and budgetary problems made projects canceled. Faced with the impasse, this article approaches features of two military aircraft development experiences and their links with the regionalization processes to extract elements that help to account for the problems faced by USAN. The processes of adoption of the F-104 and the Tornado in the 1950s and 1970s by countries that later joined the European Union are analyzed in a comparative perspective. The two projects are compared about the political and diplomatic implications (mutual trust, military capabilities and regionalization) and the economic implications (scale of production, value chains and industrial parks).
  • Imperial Nostalgia: Victorian Values, History and Teenage Fiction in Britain

    Imperial Nostalgia: Victorian Values, History and Teenage Fiction in Britain

    RONALD PAUL Imperial Nostalgia: Victorian Values, History and Teenage Fiction in Britain In his pamphlet, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, on the seizure of French government power in 1851 by Napoleon’s grandson, Louis, Karl Marx makes the following famous comment about the way in which political leaders often dress up their own ideological motives and actions in the guise of the past in order to give them greater historical legitimacy: The tradition of all the dead generations weighs like a nightmare on the brain of the living. And just when they seem engaged in revolutionizing themselves and things, in creating something that has never yet existed, precisely in such periods of revolutionary crisis they anxiously conjure up the spirits of the past to their service and borrow from them names, bat- tle-cries, and costumes in order to present the new scene of world history in this time-honoured disguise and this borrowed language.1 One historically contentious term that has been recycled in recent years in the public debate in Britain is that of “Victorian values”. For most of the 20th century, the word “Victorian” was associated with negative connotations of hypercritical morality, brutal industrial exploitation and colonial oppression. However, it was Mrs Thatcher who first gave the word a more positive political spin in the 1980s with her unabashed celebration of Victorian laissez-faire capitalism and patriotic fervour. This piece of historical obfuscation was aimed at disguising the grim reality of her neoliberal policies of economic privatisation, anti-trade union legislation, cut backs in the so-called “Nanny” Welfare State and the gunboat diplomacy of the Falklands War.
  • Global Military Helicopters 2015-16 Market Report Contents

    Global Military Helicopters 2015-16 Market Report Contents

    GLOBAL MILITARY HELICOPTERS 2015-16 MARKET REPORT CONTENTS MARKET OVERVIEW 2 MILITARY HELICOPTER KEY REQUIREMENTS 4 EUROPE 5 NORTH AMERICA 10 LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN 12 AFRICA 15 ASIA-PACIFIC 16 MIDDLE EAST 21 WORLD MILITARY HELICOPTER HOLDINGS 23 EUROPE 24 NORTH AMERICA 34 LATIN AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN 36 AFRICA 43 ASIA-PACIFIC 49 MIDDLE EAST 59 EVENT INFORMATION 65 Please note that all information herein is subject to change. Defence IQ endeavours to ensure accuracy wherever possible, but errors are often unavoidable. We encourage readers to contact us if they note any need for amendments or updates. We accept no responsibility for the use or application of this information. We suggest that readers contact the specific government and military programme offices if seeking to confirm the reliability of any data. 1 MARKET OVERVIEW Broadly speaking, the global helicopter market is currently facing a two- pronged assault. The military helicopter segment has been impacted significantly by continued defense budgetary pressures across most traditional markets, and a recent slide in global crude oil prices has impacted the demand for new civil helicopters as well as the level of activity for existing fleets engaged in the offshore oil & gas exploration sector. This situation has impacted industry OEMs significantly, many of which had been working towards strengthening the civil helicopter segment to partially offset the impact of budgetary cuts on the military segment. However, the medium- to long-term view of the market is promising given the presence of strong fundamentals and persistent, sustainable growth drivers. The market for military helicopters in particular is set to cross a technological threshold in the form of next-generation compound helicopters and tilt rotorcraft.
  • The Falklands/Malvinas Conflict by Jorge O

    The Falklands/Malvinas Conflict by Jorge O

    Lessons from Failure: The Falklands/Malvinas Conflict by Jorge O. Laucirica The dispute between Argentina and Great Britain over the Falkland/Malvinas Islands1 led to the only major war between two Western countries since World War II. It is an interesting case for the study of preventive diplomacy and conflict management, as it involves a cross-section of international relations. The conflict involved (a) a major power, Great Britain; (b) an active U.S. role, first as a mediator and then as an ally to one of the parties; (c) a subcontinental power, albeit a “minor” player in a broader context, Argentina; (d) a global intergovernmental organization, the United Nations; and (e) a regional intergovernmental organization, the Organization of American States (OAS). The Falklands/Malvinas territory encompasses two large islands, East and West Falkland—or Soledad and Gran Malvina, according to the Argentine denomination— as well as some 200 smaller islands, all of them scattered in a 7,500-mile area situated about 500 miles northeast of Cape Horn and 300 miles east of the Argentine coast- line. The population of the Falklands is 2,221, according to the territorial census of 1996.2 Argentina formally brought the dispute over sovereignty to the attention of the UN, in the context of decolonization, in 1965. A process including resolutions, griev- ances, and bilateral negotiations carried on for seventeen years, culminating in the 1982 South Atlantic war. Eighteen years after the confrontation, and despite the lat- est changes in the status quo (commercial flights between the islands and Argentina were reestablished in 1999), the conflict remains open, with Argentina still clinging to its claims of sovereignty over Malvinas and the South Georgia, South Orcadas, South Shetland, and South Sandwich Islands, all of them located in the South Atlan- tic and administered by the United Kingdom.
  • Gunline-Dec-08.Pdf

    Gunline-Dec-08.Pdf

    Gunline Dec08.qxd:Gunline 15/12/08 16:16 Page 1 Gunline - The First Point of Contact Published by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Service December 2008 www.rfa.mod.uk COMBINED SERVICES CULINARY CHALLENGE 2008 he eighth Combined Services creativity, workmanship, composition TCulinary Challenge took place at and presentation, including taste. A 90% Sandown Park in October and was + score is awarded a gold medal, 75% + yet again an extremely successful a silver medal, 65% + a bronze medal event. Well attended by both and 55% + is awarded a certificate of supporters and competitors; HRH merit. The best in class is awarded a The Countess of Wessex (Patron of further trophy. There were 15 Blue the Craft Guild of Chefs) attended Riband events from which the inter- and presented medals on the last day. service Champions trophy is awarded. The Royal Naval team included This year the RAF won the trophy. competitors from RN, RM, RFA, There was a variety of events, a one Aramark and Sodexho and this year course dish for chefs to prepare, flambé picked up an impressive total of 6 dishes for the stewards to master and gold medals, 10 best in class awards, combination events such as cook and 16 silver medals, 14 bronze medals serve with chef and steward working and 22 certificates of merit. together. It can get very nerve racking The organisation, training, with a camera crew filming your every preparation and co-ordination were move and the audience being very close; demanding and required a huge the junior and novice competitors did amount of time and effort from all.
  • Operation Nickel Grass: Airlift in Support of National Policy Capt Chris J

    Operation Nickel Grass: Airlift in Support of National Policy Capt Chris J

    Secretary of the Air Force Janies F. McGovern Air Force Chief of Staff Gen Larry D. Welch Commander, Air University Lt Gen Ralph Lv Havens Commander, Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education Col Sidney J. Wise Editor Col Keith W. Geiger Associate Editor Maj Michael A. Kirtland Professional Staff Hugh Richardson. Contributing Editor Marvin W. Bassett. Contributing Editor John A. Westcott, Art Director and Production Mu linger Steven C. Garst. Art Editor and Illustrator The Airpower Journal, published quarterly, is the professional journal of the United States Air Force. It is designed to serve as an open forum for presenting and stimulating innovative thinking on military doctrine, strategy, tactics, force structure, readiness, and other national defense matters. The views and opinions ex- pressed or implied in the Journal are those of the authors and should not be construed as car- rying the official sanction of the Department of Defense, the Air Force, Air University, or other agencies or departments of the US government. Articles in this edition may be reproduced in whole or in part without permission. If repro- duced, the Airpower Journal requests a cour- tesy line. JOURNAL SPRING 1989. Vol. Ill, No. I AFRP 50 2 Editorial 2 Air Interdiction Col Clifford R. Kxieger, USAF 4 Operation Nickel Grass: Airlift in Support of National Policy Capt Chris J. Krisinger, USAF 16 Paradox of the Headless Horseman Lt Col Joe Boyles, USAF Capt Greg K. Mittelman, USAF 29 A Rare Feeling of Satisfaction Maj Michael A. Kirtland, USAF 34 Weaseling in the BUFF Col A. Lee Harrell, USAF 36 Thinking About Air Power Maj Andrew J.
  • 198J. M. Thornton Phd.Pdf

    198J. M. Thornton Phd.Pdf

    Kent Academic Repository Full text document (pdf) Citation for published version Thornton, Joanna Margaret (2015) Government Media Policy during the Falklands War. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) thesis, University of Kent. DOI Link to record in KAR https://kar.kent.ac.uk/50411/ Document Version UNSPECIFIED Copyright & reuse Content in the Kent Academic Repository is made available for research purposes. Unless otherwise stated all content is protected by copyright and in the absence of an open licence (eg Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher, author or other copyright holder. Versions of research The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record. Enquiries For any further enquiries regarding the licence status of this document, please contact: [email protected] If you believe this document infringes copyright then please contact the KAR admin team with the take-down information provided at http://kar.kent.ac.uk/contact.html Government Media Policy during the Falklands War A thesis presented by Joanna Margaret Thornton to the School of History, University of Kent In partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History University of Kent Canterbury, Kent January 2015 ©Joanna Thornton All rights reserved 2015 Abstract This study addresses Government media policy throughout the Falklands War of 1982. It considers the effectiveness, and charts the development of, Falklands-related public relations’ policy by departments including, but not limited to, the Ministry of Defence (MoD).
  • DEPARTMENT of the AIR FORCE 1670 Air Force Pentagon, Washington, DC 20330–1670

    DEPARTMENT of the AIR FORCE 1670 Air Force Pentagon, Washington, DC 20330–1670

    DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE 1670 Air Force Pentagon, Washington, DC 20330±1670 SECRETARY OF THE AIR FORCE F. WHITTEN PETERS, Acting Confidential Assistant (VACANCY) Staff Assistant (VACANCY) Military Assistant (VACANCY) Under Secretary of the Air Force F. WHITTEN PETERS Confidential Assistant ELIANG BROCK Deputy Under Secretary (International Affairs) ROBERT D. BAUERLEIN Principal Assistant Deputy Under Secretary MAJ. GEN. CLINTON V. HORN (International Affairs) Assistant Deputy Under Secretary BRIG. GEN. WILLIAM E. STEVENS (International Affairs) Director, Small and Disadvantaged Business ANTHONY J. DELUCA Utilization Assistant Secretary (Manpower, Reserve Affairs, RODNEY A. COLEMAN Installations, and Environment) Executive Director, Air Force Board for MACK M. BURTON Correction of Military Records Director, Air Force Personnel Council COL. CHERYL M. HARRIS Director, Air Force Civilian Appellate SOPHIE A. CLARK Review Office Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary PHILLIP P. UPSCHULTE (Manpower, Reserve Affairs, Installations, and Environment) Deputy Assistant Secretary (Force RUBY B. DEMESME Management and Personnel) Deputy Assistant Secretary (Reserve Affairs) BRYAN E. SHARRATT Deputy Assistant Secretary (Installations) JIMMY G. DISHNER Deputy Assistant Secretary (Environment, THOMAS W.L. MCCALL, JR. Safety, and Occupational Health) Deputy Assistant Secretary (Equal DENNIS M. COLLINS Opportunity) Assistant Secretary (Financial Management and ROBERT F. HALE Comptroller of the Air Force) Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary JAMES R. SPEER (Financial Management) Superintendent, Executive Services SR. M. SGT. PRESTON DUNN Deputy Assistant Secretary (Budget) MAJ. GEN. GEORGE T. STRINGER Director, Budget and Appropriations COL. PHILIP E. RUTER Liaison Director, Budget Management and ROBERT W. ZOOK Execution Director, Budget Investment MICHAEL J. NOVEL, Acting Director, Budget Operations and BRIG. GEN. EVERETT G. ODGERS Personnel Director, Budget Programs COL.
  • U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, 2008

    U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, 2008

    U.S. Government Printing Offi ce Style Manual An official guide to the form and style of Federal Government printing 2008 PPreliminary-CD.inddreliminary-CD.indd i 33/4/09/4/09 110:18:040:18:04 AAMM Production and Distribution Notes Th is publication was typeset electronically using Helvetica and Minion Pro typefaces. It was printed using vegetable oil-based ink on recycled paper containing 30% post consumer waste. Th e GPO Style Manual will be distributed to libraries in the Federal Depository Library Program. To fi nd a depository library near you, please go to the Federal depository library directory at http://catalog.gpo.gov/fdlpdir/public.jsp. Th e electronic text of this publication is available for public use free of charge at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/stylemanual/index.html. Use of ISBN Prefi x Th is is the offi cial U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identifi ed to certify its authenticity. ISBN 978–0–16–081813–4 is for U.S. Government Printing Offi ce offi cial editions only. Th e Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Printing Offi ce requests that any re- printed edition be labeled clearly as a copy of the authentic work, and that a new ISBN be assigned. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 Fax: (202) 512-2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402-0001 ISBN 978-0-16-081813-4 (CD) II PPreliminary-CD.inddreliminary-CD.indd iiii 33/4/09/4/09 110:18:050:18:05 AAMM THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE STYLE MANUAL IS PUBLISHED UNDER THE DIRECTION AND AUTHORITY OF THE PUBLIC PRINTER OF THE UNITED STATES Robert C.
  • Overhead Surveillance

    Overhead Surveillance

    Confrontation or Collaboration? Congress and the Intelligence Community Overhead Surveillance Eric Rosenbach and Aki J. Peritz Overhead Surveillance One of the primary methods the U.S. uses to gather vital national security information is through air- and space-based platforms, collectively known as “overhead surveillance.” This memorandum provides an overview of overhead surveillance systems, the agencies involved in gathering and analyzing overhead surveillance, and the costs and benefits of this form of intelligence collection. What is Overhead Surveillance? “Overhead surveillance” describes a means to gather information about people and places from above the Earth’s surface. These collection systems gather imagery intelligence (IMINT), signals intelligence (SIGINT) and measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT). Today, overhead surveillance includes: • Space-based systems, such as satellites. • Aerial collection platforms that range from large manned aircraft to small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A Brief History of Overhead Surveillance Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance platforms, collectively known as ISR, date back to the 1790s when the French military used observation balloons to oversee battlefields and gain tactical advantage over their adversaries. Almost all WWI and WWII belligerents used aerial surveillance to gain intelligence on enemy lines, fortifications and troop movements. Following WWII, the U.S. further refined airborne and space-based reconnaissance platforms for use against the Soviet Union. Manned reconnaissance missions, however, were risky and could lead to potentially embarrassing outcomes; the 1960 U-2 incident was perhaps the most widely publicized case of the risks associated with this form of airborne surveillance. Since the end of the Cold War, overhead surveillance technology has evolved significantly, greatly expanding the amount of information that the policymaker and the warfighter can use to make critical, time-sensitive decisions.
  • The North of England in British Wartime Film, 1941 to 1946. Alan

    The North of England in British Wartime Film, 1941 to 1946. Alan

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CLoK The North of England in British Wartime Film, 1941 to 1946. Alan Hughes, University of Central Lancashire The North of England is a place-myth as much as a material reality. Conceptually it exists as the location where the economic, political, sociological, as well as climatological and geomorphological, phenomena particular to the region are reified into a set of socio-cultural qualities that serve to define it as different to conceptualisations of England and ‘Englishness’. Whilst the abstract nature of such a construction means that the geographical boundaries of the North are implicitly ill-defined, for ease of reference, and to maintain objectivity in defining individual texts as Northern films, this paper will adhere to the notion of a ‘seven county North’ (i.e. the pre-1974 counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Northumberland, County Durham, Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Cheshire) that is increasingly being used as the geographical template for the North of England within social and cultural history.1 The British film industry in 1941 As 1940 drew to a close in Britain any memories of the phoney war of the spring of that year were likely to seem but distant recollections of a bygone age long dispersed by the brutal realities of the conflict. Outside of the immediate theatres of conflict the domestic industries that had catered for the demands of an increasingly affluent and consuming population were orientated towards the needs of a war economy as plant, machinery, and labour shifted into war production.