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Home , Government of Manipur, Kangpokpi, Kangpokpi district, Noney, Noney district, Senapati district

Social Monitoring Report

Project Number: 47341-002 June 2018

Period: July 2017 – December 2017

IND: South Asia Subregional Economic Cooperation Road Connectivity Investment Program - Tranche 1

Subproject: -Kangchup- Road

Submitted by

Externally Aided Project, Public Works Department, Government of , Manipur.

This report has been submitted to ADB by the Externally Aided Project, Public Works Department, , Manipur. and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s Public Communications Policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. This social monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Construction of Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road in the State of Manipur under ADB assisted SASEC Road Connectivity Investment Program (SRCIP) Loan No. 3118-IND Tranche-1

SEMI-ANNUAL SOCIAL MONITORING REPORT (INTERNAL) July 2017 – December2017

Semi-Annual Social Monitoring Report (Internal) July 2017-December 2017

Construction Supervision Consultancy Services for SASEC Regional Project Name: Connectivity Investment Program under ADB Loan No. 3118-IND Tranche – 1 in the State of Manipur

Project Number: 7061438

Report for: EAP, Public Work Department, Manipur

Document No. 7061438/EAP-MPWD/MAN/47

PREPARATION, REVIEW AND AUTHORISATION

Revision # Date Prepared by Reviewed by Approved for Issue by

0 07/02/2018 Debasish Bhattacharya Rajesh Sharma Bipan Gupta

ISSUE REGISTER

Distribution List Date Issued Number of Copies The Project Director, EAP, PWD, Manipur, Room No. 301/A, 2nd Floor, South Block, 31.03.2018 5 PWD Complex, Khuyathong, Imphal – 795001 (Manipur). e-mail: [email protected] SMEC,Imphal 31.03.2018 1

Engineer 31.03.2018 1

Office Library (SMEC office location): 31.03.2018 1

SMEC Project File Path:

SMEC COMPANY DETAILS SMEC Pvt. Ltd. Sagolband Leirak Nepram Manjor Leikai, Near Water Tank Imphal West 795002, MANIPUR Tel: +91-

Email: [email protected] Web: www.smec.com

The information within this document is and shall remain the property of EAP, Manipur Public Works Department.

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Table of Contents

Abbreviations ...... 3 Section 1.0 Introduction...... 4 1.1. Introduction...... 4 1.2. Project Background ...... 4 1.3. Project Description ...... 4 1.3.1. Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road ...... 4 1.4. Project Contract Details ...... 5 Section 2.0 Social Scenario of the Project ...... 6 2.1. Introduction...... 6 2.2. Review and Findings from Resettlement Plans (RP) ...... 7 2.2.1. RP of Imphal-Kangchup Section ...... 7 2.2.2. RP of Kangchup-Tamenglong Section ...... 9 2.2.3. Vulnerable Households being affected in the Subproject ...... 12 2.3. Review and Findings from Indigenous People’s Plan (IPP) of Imphal-Kangchup- Tamenglong Road ...... 12 2.3.1. Legal and Institutional Policy ...... 12 2.3.2. Identification of Affected Communities ...... 12 2.3.3. Social Impact Assessment ...... 12 2.3.4. Institutional Arrangement ...... 13 2.3.5. Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 13 Section 3.0 Social Monitoring of RP and IPP Implementation ...... 15 3.1. Status of Land Acquisition ...... 15 3.2. Formalizing Land Donation of Community / Village Land in Hilly Areas ...... 15 3.3. Mobilization of NGO for RP/IPP Implementation ...... 15 3.4. Progress of Work performed by INGO during the SMR reporting period (July 2016- December 2017) ...... 16 3.4.1. Identification and Verification of DPs and Affected CPRs ...... 16 3.4.2. Progress of Work on RP / IPP Implementation ...... 16 3.4.3. Submission of Reports to PIU ...... 16 3.4.4. Micro-Plan Preparation for NTH ...... 16 3.4.5. Micro-Plan Preparation for TH ...... 17 3.4.6. Distribution of ID card to NTH ...... 17 3.4.7. Disbursement of Compensation / Assistance to NTH ...... 17 3.5. Mobilization of Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) at Site ...... 17 7061438|SMR (Internal) |July 2017-December 2017|Rev. 0 Page 1

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3.5.1 Mobilization of Resettlement & Social Development Specialist (R&SDS) in CSC.. 17 3.6. CSC’s Work on Social Safeguards Compliance during SMR Reporting Period ending December 2017 ...... 19 3.7. Mobilization of Implementation Support and Capacity Development Consultant (ISCDC) at Site ...... 20 3.8. Mobilization of Civil Construction Contractor at Site ...... 20 3.9. Status of Temporary Land Acquisition ...... 21 3.10. HIV/AIDS Awareness Training Programmes conducted at Construction Camps for Construction Labourers ...... 21 3.11. Grievance Redress process ...... 21 3.12. Difficulties in carrying out Social field surveys due to rainy season ...... 21 Section 4.0 Conclusions and Recommendations ...... 22 4.1. Conclusions...... 22 4.2. Recommendations ...... 22

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ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank AP Affected Persons BPL Below Poverty Line BOQ Bill-of-quantities CPR Community / Cultural Property Resources CSC Construction Supervision Consultants DP Displaced Persons EAP Externally Aided Project ESMC Environment and Social Management Cell EA Executing Agency FGD Focus Group Discussions GOI GOM Government of Manipur GRC Grievance Redress Committee HAC Hill Area Committee IA Implementing Agency INGO Implementing Non-Government Organization IP Indigenous Peoples IPP Indigenous People’s Plan IR Involuntary Resettlement LA Land Acquisition LAA Land Acquisition Act, 1984 NGO Non-Government Organizations NTH Non-Titleholder PD Project Director PIU Project Implementation Unit PWD Public Works Department RFCLARRA Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 RO Resettlement Officer ROW Right of Way RF Resettlement Framework RP Resettlement Plan R&R Resettlement & Rehabilitation R&SDS Resettlement & Social Development Specialist SASEC South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation SC Schedule Caste SIA Social Impact Assessment SRCIP SASEC Road Connectivity Investment Program ST Schedule Tribe TH Titleholder TOR Terms of Reference

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SECTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1. Introduction In this report activities carried out towards the implementation of Resettlement Plan (RP), Indigenous People’s Pan (IPP) and other related Social Safeguards have been presented for the reporting period from July 2016 to June 2017.

1.2. Project Background Asian Development Bank (ADB) has approved the loan for South Asia Sub Regional Economic Cooperation (SASEC) Road Connectivity Investment Program (SRCIP). The SRCIP is a multi- tranche financing facility (MFF) that aims to improve about 500 km of priority road sections in North Bengal and Northeast of India, through an investment program set out in phases (tranches). The first tranche includes the package in the State of Manipur: Construction of Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road. Public Works Department (PWD), Manipur is the Executing Agency for the project. Procurement of the work is in accordance with ADB’s Procurement Guidelines. The project contract is based on FIDIC documents, harmonized for multi-lateral banks, and is being executed as item-rate, bill-of-quantities (BOQ) construction contracts.

1.3. Project Description

1.3.1. Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road The road construction package, i.e. Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road starts from Imphal and ends at Tamenglong. The instant road was originally proposed as part of Imphal- Tamenglong-Tousem-Haflong Road which would have become an important link of the SASEC Road Network/ Connectivity. The Imphal-Tamenglong road will provide direct and shortest connectivity to Tamenglong, District Headquarter. Subsequently when the further stretch from Tamenglong to Haflong is constructed, Imphal will get connected to the East West corridor at a distance of approximately 187.0 km against the existing 267.0 km, thus providing the shortest connecting link between ASEAN and SASEC countries. It will also lessen the distance to Guwahati resulting in considerable Vehicle Operating Cost (VOC) savings and Travel Time savings. The length of the main alignment i.e. from Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong (IKT) is 103.020 km with two spur alignments connecting Haochong (4.150 km) and Kabui Khullen (0.800 km). The total length works out to 107.970 km. The initial 12.900 km of this road alignment, starting at Naoremthong in Imphal, up to Kangchup, follows the existing road and falls in plain terrain (Valley Section). Further alignment between Kangchup to Tamenglong (about 90 km) is Greenfield alignment following existing tracks at certain locations and falls in hilly terrain (Hill Section). The project stretch passes through four districts namely Imphal West, , and Tamenglong, with major part in Noney and Tamenglong Districts. The project road from Imphal to Tamenglong via Kangchup passes through 30 villages along the project alignment. It is proposed to improve the first 5.54 Km length to four lane divided carriageway and next 7.36 km length to two lanes with paved shoulder and the remaining hill stretch to two lanes. Spurs will be constructed to intermediate lane (5.5m) standards.

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The following Figure 1 presents a location map of the project road. Figure 1: Location Map

1.4. Project Contract Details

1 Contract Package No MN/PWD/EAP-04 2 Name of Work Construction of Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road 3 Letter of Acceptance No. 22/PD/SRCIP/PROC-W/2014/554 dated 22 February 2016 4 Contract Agreement PD/EAP/SRCIP/CW/Agrt/2016/03 dated 21 March 2016 5 Commencement Date 12 August 2016 6 Project Type Construction of State Highway in Plain and Hilly Terrain 7 Name of Employer EAP, PWD, Manipur 8 Name of Consultant SMEC International Pty Ltd. in JV with SMEC (India) Pvt. Ltd. 9 Name of Contractor HCC – VCCL (JV) 10 Project Cost Rs. 1,114.18 Crore 11 Project Length 107.970 km (103.020 km of main alignment, 4.150 km of spur alignment to Haochong, 0.800 km of spur alignment to Kabui Khullen) 12 Project Duration 1279 days 13 Defect Liability Period 365 days

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SECTION 2.0 SOCIAL SCENARIO OF THE PROJECT

2.1. Introduction Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong road is divided in to two sections based on its geographical and social features. The 1st section i.e. from Imphal-Kangchup is in plain area falling in and inhabited by both general and tribal people having private ownership of land. The 2ndsection i.e. Kangchup to Tamenglong is completely hilly area falling in (etched out of District), (etched out of ) and Tamenglong District inhabited by tribal community only having community/customary landholding system. The following map (Figure 2) shows the distribution of newly formed districts along with the existing ones summing altogether to 16 (Sixteen) districts1. Figure 2: Distribution of Districts in the State of Manipur

Source: Government Website of Manipur (As on 11th April 2017) Two separate Resettlement Plans (RPs) are prepared for these two sections treating them as separate subprojects. The project road section from km 0+000 (Naoremthong) to km 12+900 (Kangchup)is Valley Revenue land. The available RoW for this road section is not sufficient to accommodate the widening proposal and therefore acquisition of additional strip of land is required for the entire section. Two parallel process for acquisition of land in this valley, revenue section viz Acquisition of land under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in LA R&R Act 2013 and Direct Purchase of land by negotiation with the Land Owners are taken up. Under the act, Social Impact Assessment (SIA) has been completed and the SIA report has been submitted to the Government. Another parallel process of direct purchase of land by

1 Kangpokpi and Noney Districts have been formed by the Government of Manipur by notification dated 9th December 2016. Detailed information on area, population statistics are yet to be finalized (Ref: manipur.gov.in) 7061438|SMR (Internal) |July 2017-December 2017|Rev. 0 Page 6

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negotiation with the land owners is also underway. An order has been issued in this regard by the Govt. vide No. 52/4/2015-W dated 11.10.2016. The State Govt. has notified to acquire 63.6397 acres of land under the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation & Resettlement Act 2013 vide No. 4/26/LA/2016-Com(Rev) dated 12.07.2016. The project road section from 12.900 km to 103.020 km which falls in the Hill Section does not come under revenue land. As per the provision of Memorandum issued by Government of Manipur dated 19th April 1994, PWD, Manipur will not acquire land for construction of road in hilly areas. The villagers will donate land, for construction of road after thorough consultation of proposed alignment. The land in the hills are owned and managed by the Village Chief/ Headman in the Kuki Tribe dominated area. However, in the Naga Tribe dominated area land parcels are owned by individual Customary Right holders. Village Chief allots large parcels of land to villagers for their use but they do not have individual ownership right. Government of Manipur has its policy that for road construction in the hill section, the land required for the project road will be donated by the Land Owners/ Village Chiefs/ Headman. The land will be taken through donations from Village Chiefs but compensation will be paid to individual land holders for all non-land assets including structures, standing crops and trees. Besides 16 Community Amenity centres are to be constructed. The land donation agreements have been signed between the Land Owners/ Village Chiefs/ Headman and the Project Director, EAP, PWD, Manipur representing the Government of Manipur and it has been registered in the respective Registered Office of the Districts. The sample Deed Agreement is appended. The survey work in the Hill Section, Greenfield alignment is in good progress, except in some of the stretches with thick jungles.

2.2. Review and Findings from Resettlement Plans (RP)

2.2.1. RP of Imphal-Kangchup Section This Resettlement Plan (RP) for Imphal-Kangchup road subproject is prepared based on the detailed design report. The RP complies with the applicable State Government, Government of India and ADB policy and legal framework. This subproject is considered as Category-A as far as Involuntary Resettlement (IR) is concerned. The total length of the project section is 12.9 km. The subproject area falls in Imphal West district of Manipur. There are 14 villages falling within the 12.9 km Imphal-Kangchup road section. The villages are enlisted below. Uripok Khwai - Lalambung Takyel Khongban Iroishemba Taothong Lamdeng Laingamkhul Lamsang Howrangsabal Heibongpokpi

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Lairenkabi Khalairenkabi Kharangkoireng Kangchupkhul The proposed subproject can be viewed as boosting economic growth and poverty reduction, which will bring substantial social and economic development in the region. The social benefits arising due to the subproject will be triggered off due to improved accessibility to various services such as easy access to markets, health facilities, schools, workplace etc. which in turn increases the income of the locals, and ultimately elevating their standard of living. Adequate attention has been given during the feasibility and detailed design phases of the subproject preparation to minimize the adverse impacts on land acquisition and resettlement impacts. With the available options, best engineering solution have been adopted to minimize land acquisition and resettlement impacts. The Commissioner (Revenue), Government of Manipur has notified under Rules 3(A) of the Right to Fare Compensation and Transparency (LARR) Act of 2013 read with Section 4(1) of the same Act to acquire 63.3697 Acres of land for the construction of the sub-project road, out of which 17.31 Acres is private land. Under this Act, Social Impact Assessment (SIA) has been completed and the SIA report has been submitted to the Government for Approval. The subproject has adverse social impacts in the form of acquisition of 17.31 Acres of land from private / community ownership and it affects 615 structures. About 680 households are getting affected with a population of 3354. There are altogether 95 CPRs which are being impacted due to the subproject. Table 1 presents all adverse impacts of the subproject in a nutshell. Table 1: Summary Subproject Impacts Sl. No. Impacts Number 1 Total number of private structures affected 615 2 Total Area of Land required (in Acres) 96.05 3 Area of private land to be acquired (in Acres) 17.31 4 Total number of displaced households 680 5 Total number of displaced persons 3354 6 Total number of economically displaced households 533 7 Total number of physically displaced households 147 8 Total number of vulnerable households displaced 408 9 Total number of CPR (Structure) affected 95 Note: The data extracted from RPs Land acquisition details have been presented in Table 2 below.

Table 2: Land Acquisition Requirements under the Project

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Sl. No. Type of Ownership Acre % to Total Land Acquisition 1 Private Land 17.31 18.02 2 Government Land 78.34 81.56 3 Community Land 0.40 0.42 Total 96.05 100.00 Note: The data extracted from RPs The subproject in this stretch passes through Imphal City for a considerable length and also through rural areas majorly inhabited by agricultural communities. Due to this subproject about 11% households lose agricultural land and about 39% are being impacted due to loss of commercial activities for loss of shops. Details of livelihoods lost have been presented in Table 3. Table 3: Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject Sl. No. Loss Households % 1 Owners of Agricultural Land 82 11.78 2 Agricultural Leaseholders 8 1.15 3 Sharecropper 20 2.87 4 Loss of Commercial Structure 284 40.81 5 Loss of Residential cum Commercial Structure 99 14.23 6 Employees in Structures 23 3.30 7 Commercial Tenants 180 25.86 Total 696 100.00 Note: The data extracted from RPs Table 4 provides details of impacted CPRs. Table 4: Type of affected CPR Sl. No. Type of CPR Number of Properties 1 Religious Structure 6 2 Community Land 12 3 Community Structure 19 4 Government Land Parcel 284 5 Government Structure 70 Total 411 Note: The data extracted from RPs

2.2.2. RP of Kangchup-Tamenglong Section The project area consists of three districts of Manipur namely Kangpokpi, Noney and Tamenglong. The stretches of the project road from Km 12.900 to Km 34.900 (22.000 kilometers) fall in Kangpokpi District and from Km 34.900 to Km 103.02 (68.120 kilometers ) fall in Noney and Tamenglong Districts. A brief profile of the districts falling in the subproject

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area is summarized below following the project documents prepared before re-organization of Districts notified on 9th December 2016 by the Manipur Government2. The newly formed Kangpokpi District, partially taken out of is located in the northern part of Manipur. It is bound on the east by District, on the west by Tamenglong and Noney Districts, on the north by Senapati District and on the south by Imphal West District. Noney and Tamenglong District is bounded by Senapati District in the East, North Cachar Hills District of in the West, of in the North and of Manipur in the South. The Kangchup-Tamenglong road section traverses through 7 villages of Kangpokpi District and 16 villages of Noney and Tamenglong Districts as listed below. Kangchup Patjang Kangchup Chiru Kangchup Bangla (Pungmon) Shunglung Waphong Kangchup Ponlian Kotzim

Haochong (Spur) Ejeirang Oktan / Puichi Bakuwa Kabui khulen (Spur) Nagaching Lukhambi

Warengba-2 Warengba-3 Khebuching Bhalok-2 Bhalok-3 Dialong Gadailong New Salem (Tamenglong Urban Area) Glory Land (Tamenglong Urban Area)

2 The profiles of newly organized Kangpokpi, Noney and Tamenglong Districts will be updated when relevant population statistics will be available. As per GOM records available on website the surveys of these districts has been shown as pending. 7061438|SMR (Internal) |July 2017-December 2017|Rev. 0 Page 10

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The subproject has adverse social impacts in the form of land uptake from community ownership. However, the whole amount of land has been donated by the Communities/ Village Chiefs/ Land Owners and thus, LA is not envisaged. Altogether 61 nos. of Land donations agreements were signed between the Land owner, Village Chief/ Headman and the project Director, EAP, PWD Manipur. Sample of the Land donation is enclosed in Annexure 4. About 127 households with 774 displaced persons are getting affected due to the subproject. There are altogether 20 CPRs which are being impacted due to the subproject. Table 5 presents all adverse impacts of the subproject in a nutshell. Table 5: Summary Subproject Impacts Sl. No. Impacts Number 1 Total number of private structures affected 191 2 Total number of displaced households 127 3 Total number of displaced persons 774 4 Total number of economically displaced households 51 5 Total number of physically displaced households 76 6 Total number of vulnerable households displaced 127 7 Total number of CPR affected 20 Note: The data extracted from RPs Table 6 provides details of impacts on private structures. Table 6: Impacts due to Loss of Private Structure Sl. No. Type of Structure No. of DH % to Total No. Structures of Structures 1 Residential Structure 112 76 58.64 2 Commercial Structure 36 24 18.85 3 Res + Commercial Structure 4 3 2.09 4 Other Private Structure 39 24 20.42 Total 191 127 100.00 Note: The data extracted from RPs Loss of livelihoods due to the subproject has been presented in the following Table 7. Altogether 36 households loosing shops and 4 residential-cum-commercial establishments are also getting impacted. There are livelihoods impact on 11 employees and 16 commercial tenants. Table 7: Loss of Livelihoods in the Subproject Sl. No. Loss Households % to Total No. of Households 1 Loss of Commercial Structure 36 53.73 2 Loss of Residential cum 4 5.97 Commercial Structure 3 Employees in Structures 11 16.42 4 Commercial Tenants 16 23.88 Total 67 100.00 Note: The data extracted from RPs

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2.2.3. Vulnerable Households being affected in the Subproject As defined in the RF, vulnerable group includes SC households, ST households, women headed households, households headed by physically handicapped persons and households Below Poverty Line (BPL). All the DPs are vulnerable DPs since they belong to ST community.

2.3. Review and Findings from Indigenous People’s Plan (IPP) of Imphal- Kangchup-Tamenglong Road

2.3.1. Legal and Institutional Policy There are several federal policies and Constitutional Acts and ADB policy that safeguard the interest of the scheduled tribes in India, which include Indian Constitution - Article 342 specifying those Tribes or Tribal Communities deemed to be as Scheduled Tribe (STs); The SCs/STs Prevention of Atrocities Act, 1989; Panchayat Extension to the Scheduled Areas Act (PESA), 1996; The Scheduled tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006; The National Policy on Tribals, 2006; Manipur state legislations; and ADB Safeguards Policy Statement, 2009.

2.3.2. Identification of Affected Communities According to macro level district census data available for 2011, Tamenglong district has 95.7% of its population as ST, the highest proportion of ST population among the districts, while Senapati district comprises 79.8% of scheduled tribe population. There are four major tribes collectively known as Naga in Tamenglong District, while subproject section in Senapati District is mostly inhabited by Kuki sub tribes3.

2.3.3. Social Impact Assessment Social and Poverty assessment survey conducted in 2014 among sample households in the PIA portray socioeconomic profile of the IP communities in the PIA found that majority of the sample IP households is of medium size and nuclear type, with average household size at 4.8, and a high sex ratio of 1008. Proportion of population is highest in 18-59 years of age group at 56% of all population. About 78% of ST population is literate. Male literacy rate of the sample population is above than female literacy, as observed at 41% and 37% respectively. Total literacy rate in Tamenglong District is 70%, lower than that of Senapati District at 74% as per census 2011. Female literacy status is low in both Tamenglong and Senapati Districts, recorded at 31%and 33% respectively in 20114. Work participation ratio among sample IP population in the project influence area is quite high at nearly 80%, of which 47% are male and 33% female workers. Of all working population 63% are main worker having gainful engagement for more than 6 months a year. Of the total working population, majority is engaged in cultivation and allied agricultural works (50%), while service at government and private sectors provide jobs for 9% of the work

3 As mentioned at foot Note 2, the profiles of newly organized Kangpokpi, Noney and Tamenglong Districts will be updated when relevant population statistics will be available. 4 Same as Foot Note 3. 7061438|SMR (Internal) |July 2017-December 2017|Rev. 0 Page 12

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force, unskilled daily waged labourers are less than 5%. About 11% people are self-employed in trade and business and traditional household industry. About 34% of IP households have monthly household income ranging from Rs.8333 to Rs.20833, and average per capita monthly income was worked out to be Rs.2266. State specific poverty line has been estimated for the year 2011-12 by Planning Commission, Government of India. According to that report, Rs.1118.00 monthly per capita consumer expenditure has been determined as the poverty line for the rural areas of Manipur. Based on that criterion,38.8% of rural population in Manipur lives below poverty line. However, average IP household in the project impact area incurs a monthly per capita expenditure of Rs. 2260.00 which is above poverty line of rural Manipur. The IPs are governed mostly by traditional customary laws followed through generations. A tribal Settlement is administered by Settlement Authority formed of representatives of the clans living in the Settlement, and possesses executive, legislative and judiciary power. There are several Acts recently introduced that have reduced the rights of Settlement Authority, such as “The Hill Areas Committee (HAC) of Manipur Legislative Assembly” empowered to monitor legislation and administration for the hill areas. These acts have, however, not been able to protect tribal interests replacing traditional customary laws which are inbuilt into the indigenous people’s society.

2.3.4. Institutional Arrangement For implementation of IPP prepared for Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong road, the EA will have overall coordination related to IPP preparation, implementation and ensuing that adequate funds are allocated by the state. For the concerned subproject, PWD, Government of Manipur is the EA and one PMU will be established under EA. All implementation activities will be executed by Project Implementation Units (PIU), which will perform as IA for the subproject. Overall implementation and monitoring will be the responsibility of IA, (in this case PIU under PWD, Govt. of Manipur), and the PIU will report to PMU directly on a regular basis. For smooth implementation and resorting all grievances and issues likely to be raised while implementing the IPP, the PIU will appoint a local NGO, preferably with experience of working among the IP community residing in the project impact area.

2.3.5. Grievance Redress Mechanism A Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) will be established at the district level with the primary objective of providing a mechanism to mediate conflict and cut down on lengthy litigation. It will also provide people, who might have objections or concerns about their assistance, a public forum to raise their objections and through conflict resolution, address these issues adequately. The GRC will be headed by the District Collector (DC) or his designated representative. The GRC will have representative from the PIU field office, representatives of APs, particularly of vulnerable DPs, local government representatives, representative of local NGOs and other interest groups as felt necessary. Since the NGO will be working closely with the DPs on a day-to-day basis to implement the RP, all Grievances will be routed through the NGO to the GRC. The NGO will act as an in-built grievance redress body. The NGO will register first all the grievances and take up with VLC for redress and any grievances not redressed at VLC level will be dealt in by the GRC. Grievances will be redressed within two to four weeks from the date of lodging the complaints, depending on severity of problem. The APs, who may not be satisfied with the decision of the GRC, will have the right to take the grievance to

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the PIU Head Office for its redress. However an aggrieved person will have access to the country's judiciary at any stage of the sub-project level grievance redress process. Taking grievances to Judiciary will be avoided as far as possible and the NGO will make utmost efforts at reconciliation at the level of GRC. The PIU has requested the nominated NGO to propose suitable candidates for PIU level GRC members from DPs, IPs, and the local NGOs vide letter of dated 26.11.2016 (Refer Annexure 1). The PIU level GRC under the Kangpokpi district has been constituted vide No. 28/PD/SRCIP/RRP/2015/1762 date 14.11.2017 (Refer Annexure 2) i) The State level GRC will comprise of the: a) Chief Engineer, PWD, Chairperson b) Project Director, ADB Cell, Member Secretary c) Deputy Commissioner (or his representative) [For the Valley Section] d) Resettlement Officer, ADB Cell, e) A representative from IP community or NGO for IP related issue ii) The PIU level GRC will comprise of the: a) PIU Head –Chairperson b) A representative from District Administration [For the Valley Section] c) Executive Engineer, local PWD office/ Project Manager d) Resettlement Officer, PIU, Manipur e) A representative from local NGOs or a local person of repute and standing in the society, f) Elected representative from Zila Parisad /District Council g) A representative for women from a relevant agency which could be from the government, or NGO or local community h) A representative from IP community or NGO for IP related issue. i) A representative from DPs as per PIU’s letter dated 26.11.2016 iii) One of the above members in the PIU level GRC will be a woman. The following flow chart (Figure 3) presents the process of the GRM.

Figure 3: Grievance Redress Mechanism

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SECTION 3.0 SOCIAL MONITORING OF RP AND IPP IMPLEMENTATION

3.1. Status of Land Acquisition From Imphal (Starting Chainage 0+00 km) to Kangchup (12+90 km) the road passes through plains / valley and falls in the Govt. of Manipur (GoM) Revenue Land area. In this stretch land will be acquired either through negotiation with private owners (Titleholders) for direct purchase or as per the new LARR Act as per the prevailing law.

From Kangchup (12.900 km) till Tamenglong (End Chainage 103.020 km) the road passes through hilly terrain. Along this stretch the land is either owned by Village Chairpersons / Communities or by individuals empowered by Customary Land Rights. Since there was a lack of all-weather connectivity the village communities have shown willingness to have the project implemented. In this stretch all the land required for the implementation of this project has been donated by communities / Village Chairpersons / individual customary land owners.

Towards land donation Memorandums of Understanding (MoU) have been processed with all affected villages. The deeds for agreement of land donation have been prepared and registration of the agreement has been completed. Altogether 69 deeds have been registered, 8 in Sadar Hills under Senapati District and 61 in Tamenglong District. Sample Registered Land Deeds from Senapati and Tamenglong Districts have been appended in Annexures 4 and 5. Annexure 3 provides Letter of Chairman, Land & Properties Owners’ Welfare Association, Sadar Hills and Tamenglong District, Manipur in this regard.

The land owners from Chainage 72+400 km to 98+500 km have given an undertaking towards consent to start of work in view of the working season. However, any loss of property on affected land including trees, standing crop or even temporary structures will be compensated prior to start road construction activities.

3.2. Formalizing Land Donation of Community / Village Land in Hilly Areas Land donation in the subproject Kangchup to Tamenglong is very significant in this hilly stretch in the districts of Senapati and Tamenglong. About 90 km of the subproject alignment is new and need uptake of fresh land. This land in full (100%) is being donated by Village Chieftains from their traditional system of holding. Annexure 2 presents Sample Deed of Agreement for Senapati district. Annexure 3 presents Sample Deed of Agreement for Tamenglong District.

3.3. Mobilization of NGO for RP/IPP Implementation Manavadhikar Samajik Manch, the NGO has signed the final Contract Agreement with EA on 26thSeptember 2016 and has mobilized its team to Imphal on 4th November 2016. The NGO has set up their Project Office at Saroja Cyber, 3rd Floor, Khuyathong Circle, Imphal-795004, Manipur.

The implementing NGO (INGO) has the following Key Staff placed in Imphal.

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a) Team Leader: Mr. Suman Sarkar (Contact Details = +91 9830318386/ [email protected] ) b) Field Coordinator: Ms. Victoria – Continuing in Imphal. c) Field Staff – Mr. Hitanjit - Continuing in Imphal. d) Field Staff – Mr. Abel – Continuing in Imphal.

The INGO has set-up an office in Imphal.

Towards mobilizing full-strength NGO team for compliance of RP / IPP implementation activities the Project Director, ADB-PIU, PWD, Manipur has issued a letter (No. 41/PD/EAP/IKTR-NGO/2016/1342 dated 28th March 2017) in which the NGO has been asked to expedite the process of their timeline-based activities (Annexure 5).

3.4. Progress of Work performed by INGO during the SMR reporting period (July 2016-December 2017)

3.4.1. Identification and Verification of DPs and Affected CPRs Chainage-wise IV Survey has been detailed in Annexure 7.

3.4.2. Progress of Work on RP / IPP Implementation Join assessment of standing crops of in the Village Bhalok-3 has been done from Ch: 82+000 onwards during 26.09.2017and 27.09.2017. The INGO worked along with staff of the Forest Department of Government of Manipur, PIU staff, CSC team and the Contractor’s team.

3.4.3. Submission of Reports to PIU a. Submission of Final Draft for Inception Report (24.08.2017). b. Submitted list of GRC Members with their consent letters for Kangchup Chiru to Waphong Ithan (Chainage 12+900 to 34 +900), (31.08.2017). However, the PIU has commented to add few more additional members. The NGO has submitted additional list of GRCmembers including ADCmember. The GRC has been constituted vide No. 2/PD/SRCIP/RRP/2015/1762 dated 14.11.2017 (Annexure 2). c. Submitted Final Translated copies of Executive Summary (24.08.2017) and Entitlement Matrix (31.08.2017) in Bengali Script. d. Submitted Manipuri translated copies of Executive summary in English Script (19.09.2017).

3.4.4. Micro-Plan Preparation for NTH Micro-Plans for Non-Titleholders (NTH) have been submitted to PIU as mentioned below. . Micro-plan for Agriculture & Horticulture of Tamenglong District (Ch. 72+ 400 – 82+500 and 97+ 760 – 98 + 460) submitted and approved by the PIU . Micro-plan for Horticulture Class of Tree of Kangchup (km 12.900) to Kangchup Songlung (km 30.000) submitted and approved by PIU . Micro-plan for Horticulture Class of Tree of Waphong Pungmon – Part I (Chainage 32 + 810 to 33 +600) submitted and approved by PIU

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. Micro-plan for Horticulture Class of Tree of Waphong Inthan- Phase I (Ch 32+160 to 34+ 910) submitted and approved by PIU

3.4.5. Micro-Plan Preparation for TH Micro-Plans for Titleholders (TH) and Non-Title Holders (NTH) are in the process of preparation. Joint verification survey for Valley Section from Ch. 0+000 to 12+900 has been completed and awaiting for valuation report form Government Line Departments.

3.4.6. Distribution of ID card to NTH Till December 2017, 73 ID Cards for impacted trees (Horticulture Class) has been distributed and signed by the DPs.

3.4.7. Disbursement of Compensation / Assistance to NTH Compensation for Horticulture class of tree for 73 DPs were disbursed, the rest are under process. These will be completed once Valuation Reports from Government Line Departments are available. So far, Rs. 3,21,85442.0/- has been distributed to 62 NTH DPs till the end of the reporting period of December 2017. A strip chart has been provided in Annexure 7 to present the progress of RP implementation activities till December 2017.

3.5. Mobilization of Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC) at Site SMEC International Pty Ltd. in JV with SMEC (India) Pvt. Ltd. is the Construction Supervision Consultant (CSC). They have been mobilized at site since February 2016. Their office is located at the following address: SMEC India Pvt. Ltd. Sagolband Moirang Leirak Nepram Manjor Leikai, Near Water Tank Imphal West 795002, MANIPUR Tel: +91-

Email: [email protected] Web: www.smec.com

3.5.1 Mobilization of Resettlement & Social Development Specialist (R&SDS) in CSC Though the CSC has presented a replacement candidate during the last ADB Mission held during 18th-19thApril 2016 the process of formalizing the involvement of the replacement candidate Dr. Debasish Bhattacharya has been approved on 15th September 2016.During the quarterly reporting period from July 2016 to June 2017the R&SDS visited site, attended progress review meetings with the Client, with INGO and also visited the sites during his stay in the field in April, May and June 2017. He also attended and participated in the ADB Mission meetings held during 5th-11thMay 2017 at PWD in Imphal, Manipur. The R&SDS provided his inputs during the reporting SMR period July 2016-June 2017 as follows: a. Participating in review meeting and subsequent field visit in May 2017.

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b. Prepared a framework incorporating all aspects of estimation of costs of losses to DPs and CPRs for compensation due to the implementation of IKTR project on advice of ADB-PIU, PWD, Manipur. The revised document to Client on 23rd February 2017 for the working of NGO in this regard. c. Interacted with NGO personnel on the aspects of project progress, especially on implementation of RP and IPP, discussed process of estimation of costs of losses to DPs and CPRs for compensation. d. The progress of RP and IPP implementation is a bit slow due to difficulties as many of the stretches remained inaccessible because of thick jungles and flooding of the streams to the access road due to excessive rainfall during 2017. e. In the month of August 2017, CSC’s Resettlement & Social Development Specialist (R&SDS) was mobilized on intermittent basis to support the MPWD in matters relating to land acquisition and resettlement including updating the Resettlement Plan, monitoring the implementation of the resettlement plan and providing expert advice in all matters relating to acquisition and resettlement which include, but not necessarily limited to, the following activities; (i) Review results of internal monitoring and verify claims through random checking at the field level to assess whether resettlement objectives have been generally met. Involve the affected people and the community groups in assessing the impact of land acquisition for monitoring and evaluation purposes. (ii) Identify the strengths and weaknesses of the resettlement objectives and approaches, implementation strategies and suggest corrective action plans. (iii) Review and verify the progress in land acquisition/ resettlement implementation and prepare monthly and semi-annual monitoring reports for MPWD and ADB respectively. (iv) Evaluate and assess the adequacy of compensation given to the affected persons and the livelihood opportunities and incomes as well as the quality of life of the affected persons after the project induced changes. (v) Evaluate and assess the adequacy and effectiveness of the consultative process with the affected persons, particularly those who are vulnerable, especially women, including the adequacy and effectiveness of the grievance redressal mechanism and procedures available to the affected persons and dissemination of information about these. (vi) Advise MPWD on safeguard compliance issues and, if necessary, prepare a corrective action plan to address such issues. (vii) Ensuring the implementation of the social and gender relevant features included in the design of the project, including monitoring of HIV and human trafficking community awareness activities, as well as compliance of core labour standards by civil works contractor f. During meeting with INGO various pending aspects were discussed on INGO’s deliverables of MPR, QPR and Annual reports and also on finalizing micro-plans.

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g. Moreover, discussions were held on compiling and translating the Disclosure Documents for public consultation.

3.6. CSC’s Work on Social Safeguards Compliance during SMR Reporting Period ending December 2017 A few grievances have come from different villages on debris disposal, alignment cutting across graveyards, etc. CSC staff have visited the sites, discussed with villagers on resolving such issues so as to mitigate such adverse impacts. The villagers of Bhalok Village have complained that the unauthorized dumping of muck / excavated materials on the valley side has accrued loss of their terrace paddy fields along project Ch. 92+000 to 95+000. For this, the owners of the paddy fields have asked for compensation for their loss through a representation to PIU. SDO, Tamenglong District had made a spot verification and recommended compensation to the tune of Rs. 6,35,000/- (Rupees Six Lakh Thirty Five Thousand) only. This offer has been turned down by the affected villagers as to them the amount of compensation seemed less compared to what has been expected. After this the NGO has been informed to settle the issue consulting with the villagers. Meanwhile, CSC has carried out a field visit, discussed with the villagers on the issue during October-December 2017. The matter has been under the process of resolution till the end of December 2017.

CSC Staff meeting Bhalok Villagers consulting their loss of paddy fields due to muck disposal

CSC Staff visited site of Bhalok Village where unauthorized muck disposal created loss of loss of paddy fields. Muck disposed on the steep valley side (On the right side of the picture)

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CSC staff along with Contractor staff made a joint assessment of tree girths of affected trees to be felled. This has been done along Ch. 33+150 to 33+500. Trees were numbered for assessing compensation owing to impact on the number of trees to be felled.

CSC Staff measuring girth and marking affected trees along Ch. 33+150 to 33+500

3.7. Mobilization of Implementation Support and Capacity Development Consultant (ISCDC) at Site Mukesh & Associates in JV with DONG IL Engineers Consultants Co. Ltd. in association with Alliance Engineers & Consultants is the Implementation Support and Capacity Development Consultant (ISCDC). They have been mobilized at site since April 2016. Their scope of activities has been provided below: . Provide technical support and advise to the IAs in the implementation of the RP specifically for addressing complaints and grievances and participate in resolving issues as a member of the GRC; . Monitor and assist the NGO by providing technical support and advice during implementation of RP; . Provide technical advice and on the job training to the contractors as necessary; . Preparation of semi-annual monitoring reports based on the monitoring checklists and submission to PIU for further submission to ADB; . Act as External Monitor for project with significant impact. The ISCDC is yet to conduct training programmes.

3.8. Mobilization of Civil Construction Contractor at Site The construction work of Imphal-Kangchup-Tamenglong Road sub-project has been awarded to Hindustan Construction Company Limited (HCC) in JV with Vensar Constructions Company Limited (VCCL) on 21st March 2016. The date of commencement of the sub-project road has been notified to The Civil Contractor as 12th August 2016. The Civil Contractor has substantially mobilized team and machinery at site during March 2017. In addition to their works being carried out in Kangpokpi District team and machinery has been mobilized in Tamenglong District also. ROW marking including the marking of centreline has been completed in of the Plain Section of the project road from Ch. 0+000 km to Ch. 19+000 km by the Civil Contractor’s team. This 7061438|SMR (Internal) |July 2017-December 2017|Rev. 0 Page 20

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groundwork will be helpful for the INGO to carry out social impact assessment (SIA) in the mentioned stretch of the project road. Engineering surveys are in progress in other parts of Kangpokpi, Noney and Tamenglong Districts.

3.9. Status of Temporary Land Acquisition The Civil Contractor has finalized parcels of land for putting up their construction and labour camps, field office, etc. The Civil Construction Contractor has mobilized men and machinery. Construction of Administrative cum Camp office at the 5+400, and 15+900 are in progress and construction of Camp office cum Engineer’s and Client office at Ch 77+000 has been completed.

3.10. HIV/AIDS Awareness Training Programmes conducted at Construction Camps for Construction Labourers This activity will be taken up by the Civil Contractor. This is yet to start and will be undertaken in association with INGO.

3.11. Grievance Redress process The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) level Grievance Redressal Committee (GRC) for the section Km 12+900 (Kangchup) to Km 34+900 (Waphong Ithan) has been constituted vide PIU’s Letter 28/PD/SRCIP/RRP/2015/1762 dated 14/11/2017 (Refer Annexure 2). However, the PIU level GRC for the Section Km 34+900 to Km 72+400 i/c spur alignment and Km 72+400 to Km 103+02 are yet to be constituted.

3.12. Difficulties in carrying out Social field surveys due to rainy season Heavy rainfall has caused hindrances for carrying out Social Surveys during this period (July 2016-Dec 2017). Accessibility to the Hill Section of the project road has reduced to a great extent. Stretches where hill cutting or land filling is going on to bring up the desired level of the design alignment the miseries of travelling is increased. Land slipping in the fresh cut hill sections Is a great challenge to the project.

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SECTION 4.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1. Conclusions a. Overall, the progress in the RP implementation is less due to reasons like non- functioning of INGO in full swing for a considerable period of time. Currently, the INGO is geared up for RP/ IPP implementation. The NGO should mobilize adequate staff and resources to speed-up the RP and IPP implementation process as the earliest. b. The INGO was working on SIA from Kangchup Patjang towards Imphal during May 2017 when CSC’s Resettlement & Social Development Expert was at site. However, after that their work progress has not been up to the level expected. No updates of survey for the referred stretch have been shared with CSC’s Expert. c. Reasonable progress has been made in the issue of land donation by the Client. In hilly tribal areas required land uptake through the process of Land Donation has been done successfully through community consultation and 100% Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) could be obtained.

4.2. Recommendations a. The mobilization of INGO full team needs to be done at the earliest for the implementation of RP and IPP as per the schedule of work proposed by it in their Inception Report. b. Since the Civil Contractor has started working in Tamenglong District it is suggested that the INGO must send a team for SIA surveys along the project alignment in that region to complete sizeable survey works before coming rainy season. c. The Civil Contractor should procure NOC for dumping sites from respective Village Authorities at the earliest and provide copies to CSC for their record. d. The INGO needs to work on estimating cost of compensation based on the formats / frameworks provided by CSC’s Expert and share with him for further finalization. e. Subsequently, the INGO would prepare the micro-plans for all the finalized DPs. For doing this, the INGO would be advised to submit chainage-wise identified number of structures / DPs to Client on a monthly basis. f. The INGO needs to conduct public consultation with affected villagers, especially with DPs along the project road and keep proper documentation including photography, attendance register etc. for each of such consultation meetings. g. In the Inception Report the INGO has mentioned that it has translated the Project Awareness document for distributing among the DPs and affected villagers. However, it has not been attached in the Inception Report and not yet been submitted separately to Client. The INGO may be advised to finalize the document prior to conducting further public consultation / DP identification surveys.

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ANNEXURES

SEMI-ANNUAL SOCIAL MONITORING REPORT (INTERNAL)

REPORTING PERIOD JULY 2017 – DECEMBER 2017

CONSTRUCTION OF IMPHAL – KANGCHUP – TAMENGLONG ROAD

SASEC ROAD CONNECTIVITY INVESTMENT PROGRAM (SRCIP) FUNDED BY ADB LOAN NO. 3118-IND TRANCHE-1

Page 23

ANNEXURE 1 GRC Formation Notice at PIU level

ANNEXURE 2 CONSTITUTION OF GRC FOR SECTION BETWEEN KM 12+900 TO KM 34+900

ANNEXURE 3 Letter of Chairman, Land & Properties Owners’ Welfare Association, Sadar Hills and Tamenglong District, Manipur

Annexure 4 Sample Registered Land Deed of Senapati District, Manipur

ANNEXURE 5 Sample Registered Land Deed of Tamenglong District, Manipur

ANNEXURE 6 PROJECT DIRECTOR’S NOTICE ISSUED TO INGO ON NON-COMPLIANCE OF ACTIVITIES

ANNEXURE - 7 Strip Chart showing Progress of RP Implementation till December 2017

Chainage (In Km) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 LA status shown in this Row 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 JAS status shown in this Row 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 JAS approved by Government 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Micro-Plan status shown in this Row 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 ID Card status shown in this Row Disbursement status shown in this 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Row

Chainage (In Km) 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 LA status shown in this Row 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 JAS status shown in this Row 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 JAS approved by Government 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 Micro-Plan status shown in this Row 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 ID Card status shown in this Row Disbursement status shown in this 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 Row

Chainage (In Km) 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 LA status shown in this Row 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 JAS status shown in this Row 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 JAS approved by Government 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 Micro-Plan status shown in this Row 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 ID Card status shown in this Row Disbursement status shown in this 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 Row

Chainage (In Km)

79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 LA status shown in this Row 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 JAS status shown in this Row 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 JAS approved by Government 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 Micro-Plan status shown in this Row 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 ID Card status shown in this Row Disbursement status shown in this 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 Row

Index: Status Done SIA for Land in Valley Section LA Through Donation in Hill Section JAS for Trees and Crops JAS for Structures JAS for Trees, Crops and Structures JAS Approved by Government Micro-Plans Prepared ID Cards for DPs Prepared Disbursement of Full Compensation Disbursement of Part Compensation